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Ghềnh Cốc was used as a place for the ambush, in collaboration with the underwater iron-headed poles. They were to block the enemy ships when the tide withdrew. Đại Việt's small flotilla secretly stationed themselves behind Ghềnh Cốc, Ðồng Cốc, Phong Cốc and on the Khoái, Thái, Gia Ðước, and Ðiền Công rivers. The army deployed in Hung Yen, along the left bank of the river Bach Dang and Tràng Kênh, at the right bank of Bach Dang River and Mount Ðá Vôi.
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401:, nearly succeeded in capturing the king. However, as the Yuan forces were about to be disassembled due to running low on food supplies, Toghon ordered a retreat in June. Yuan forces, getting panicked while en route of retreat, and Toghon failed to inform Sogetu and Omar to withdraw. Sogetu was killed in battle soon after while Omar and his companion Liu Gui were successfully escaping to the beach, found a small boat, and sailed back to China.
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immobilized Yuan warships. Thousands of Yuan troops jumped into the river and were killed or drowned. Fan Yi, seeing Omar's fleet being destroyed, and his commanding fleet surrounded by
Vietnamese small junks, tried to escape. Fan Yi jumped into the river, but was killed by the Vietnamese. The battle lasted from sunrise to sundown and the Vietnamese captured 400 Yuan warships.
440:, where Toghon was forced to abandon his ship and was escorted to the China border by his few remaining troops through the forests. Most of Toghon's land force were killed or captured. Meanwhile, the Yuan fleet commanded by Omar and Fan Yi retreated through the Bạch Đằng river, the same route previously where they entered Dai Viet.
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was willing to pay tribute to the Yuan, relations again foundered on the question of attendance at the Yuan court and hostile relations continued. In 1289, King Nhân Tông agreed to send back his prisoner Omar, but Prince Hưng Đạo, who opposed this gesture, contrived to have the ship transporting Omar
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sailed unopposed and attacked the Yuan fleet, then retreated. Then the tide receded, with the Yuan fleet pursuing and battling the
Vietnamese junks, revealing wooden stakes that had been planted into the river bed. With the Yuan fleet stuck in the trap, the Vietnamese junks returned and destroyed the
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had taken place in 938. Beginning from March, Trần Hưng Đạo began preparing the battlefield. He used the same tactic that Ngô Quyền had against the
Chinese in 938. He studied the tidal lore, and ordered beds of stakes to be planted under the water and arranged ambushes in a unified plan of campaign.
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winds. When the king of Dai Viet heard the news, he said: What the Yuan forces need most of all is food. They may not have heard of the defeat of their transport fleet and maybe planning further offensive action." With logistic superiors were stripped away, the large Yuan army now stranded and began
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Patricia M. Pelley
Postcolonial Vietnam: New Histories of the National Past - Page 185 - 2002 "Presiding over the commemorative ceremony, Tran Huy Lieu began: "Not only did the battle of Bạch Đằng conclude the ... army against the Mongol invaders, it also brought all the Mongol invasions that took
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In the third invasion in late 1287, some 100,000–170,000 Yuan soldiers were divided into two armies: land forces commanded by prince Toqon, and Omar was put in charge of commanding the naval forces along with Fan Yi and Mahmud, consisting of 18,000 soldiers, tens of thousand sailors, 70 transports,
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Upon the victory of the
Vietnamese, a series of celebrations broke out over the news. The Mongols' failure brought surrounding minor Asian states more confidence on their own wars against the Mongols. The Mongols' defeat also crushed the Mongols' ambitions to conquer all of Southeast Asia. It was
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Trần Hưng Đạo ordered his soldiers to nail the iron-headed poles under the waters of the Chanh, Kênh and Rút rivers. All three rivers are the northern distributaries of the Bach Dang River. Ghềnh Cốc is a reef located across the Bach Dang to the bottom of Chanh river and to the top of Kênh river.
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on 17 December, they sailed to Van Kiep through the Bach Dang River (the second most important distributary of the Red River), where they would meet and regroup with Toghon's forces there in
January 1288. They assaulted, drove the king to the sea, and captured the Viet capital Thang Long
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starving. On 5 March Toghon left Hanoi back to the Yuan base of Van Kiep, and 25 days later he decided to withdraw the army back to China, as food supplies ran low and the situation worsened. Prince Toghon withdrew by land, and then boarded a large warship for himself.
414:) on 3 February, but found no grain left to resupply. Toghon then ordered his generals to sweep the Red River Delta, pillaging crops and gathering rice. The Yuan army was large, unsustainable, and was waiting for the supply fleet, commanded by
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King Trần Nhân Tông eventually decided to accept the supremacy of the Yuan dynasty in order to avoid further conflicts. Because he refused to come in person, Kublai detained his envoy, Đào Từ Kí, in 1293. Kublai's successor
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with 30 warships, awaiting Zhang's fleet on the Van Don isle, and when the supply fleet passed by, the
Vietnamese attacked, inflicted substantial amounts of damage on Zhang's supply fleet, and forced him to turn back to
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Hearing the news, Prince Hưng Đạo was now about to launch a counterattack. The
Vietnamese had destroyed bridges, roads and created traps along the retreating Yuan route. They were pursuing Toghon's forces to
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In the early morning of 9 April, the naval fleet led by Omar, and escorted by infantry, fled home along the Bạch Đằng river. They entered Hưng Đạo's trap when it was high tide. A small fleet of
Vietnamese
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Upon receiving news of the Mongol defeat, Kublai angrily banished Toghon to
Yangzhou for life. The Mongols and the Vietnamese agreed to exchange their war prisoners. While King
373:'s fleet pursuing the Song fleet from Guanzhou to Guangzhou in 1278, and repulsed a Song counterattack on Guangzhou in July. In March 1284 he and Qutuq (Mongol commander in a
369:, was a highly reputed and skillful naval commander of the Mongol Yuan army during Kublai's conquest of the Song dynasty, in which he commanded the leading fleet to assist
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China as a Sea Power, 1127-1368: A Preliminary Survey of the Maritime Expansion and Naval Exploits of the Chinese People During the Southern Song and Yuan Periods
599:(r. 1294–1307), finally released all detained envoys, settling instead for a nominate tributary relationship, which continued until the end of the Yuan dynasty.
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province), which Prince Hưng Đạo perfectly staged an ambush that destroyed the Yuan fleet, capturing its general, ending
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in early 1285, where he and the Tangut prince Li Heng used captured warships and drove the Vietnamese king
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The Trần dynasty mandarin and scholar Phạm Sư Mạnh (1300-1384) also wrote a poem depicting the battle:
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fighting boat, a type which probably had constituted much of the Vietnamese naval fleet 400 years earlier
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China's Encounters on the South and Southwest: Reforging the Fiery Frontier Over Two Millennia
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1048:"Bà i thÆ¡: Hà nh dịch Ä'ăng gia sÆ¡n - 行役簦家山 (Phạm SÆ° Mạnh - 范師åŸ)"
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to the sea in March. In April, Omar's fleet again battled the king of Dai Viet and prince
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The battle is well recited in Vietnamese tradition and literature. The Emperor
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The Yuan fleet was totally destroyed, and Omar was captured by the Vietnamese.
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478: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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known as one of Vietnam's greatest victories in its military history.
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People still recound, the year when we held off the Hu Barbarians.
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It feels like the battlefield's blood still hasn't been dried.
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James A. Anderson; John K. Whitmore (7 November 2014).
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1342:Administrative divisions of the Yuan dynasty
738:(Visiting my home mountain while travelling)
300:Mongol campaigns against Dai Viet and Champa
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23:Vietnamese victory against Mongol invasion
16:For other articles of the same title, see
1664:Naval battles involving the Mongol Empire
669:The river carries the sunset reddish hue,
494:Learn how and when to remove this message
306:, commanded by Commander-in-Chief Prince
777:Their flags enshrouded the river strait.
619:while visiting the site of the battle.
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659:This nation had its eyes opened twice,
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1086:, U.S. Naval War College: NUS Press,
334:’s intention to conquer Dai Viet and
298:was the last major engagement during
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476:adding citations to reliable sources
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559:17th-century model of a Vietnamese
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806:(白藤海口) while visiting the place.
666:and Viet was all but for a moment.
375:battle against the Burmese in 1277
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1532:The Twenty-four Filial Exemplars
1395:Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns
802:(1380-1442) also wrote the poem
514:The Bạch Đằng River ran through
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1659:Naval battles involving Vietnam
1257:Second Mongol invasion of Burma
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463:needs additional citations for
338:. The battle took place at the
1282:Red Turban invasions of Goryeo
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767:In a heaven-shattering moment.
750:The Bach Dang's gushing tides,
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1669:Wars involving Imperial China
1565:The Story of the Western Wing
1436:Cloud Platform at Juyong Pass
1160:Division of the Mongol Empire
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1441:Gulou and Zhonglou (Beijing)
1192:conquest of the Song dynasty
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1689:Battles of the Yuan dynasty
1461:Jinan Great Southern Mosque
1068:, New York: Penguin Books,
615:(1300-1357) wrote the poem
236:Mongol invasions of Vietnam
36:Mongol invasions of Vietnam
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1347:Yuan dynasty in Inner Asia
1226:Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)
1082:Elleman, Bruce A. (2012),
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199:400 ships sunk or captured
197:80,000 killed or captured
179:Vietnamese Sources: 50,000
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986:. BRILL. pp. 129–.
385:in the Yuan invasion of
346:in present-day northern
314:, commanded by Admirals
276:3rd invasion (1287–1288)
259:2nd invasion (1282–1285)
1679:13th century in Vietnam
1451:Pagoda of Bailin Temple
1272:1344 Yellow River flood
1267:War of the Two Capitals
1177:Kublai Khan's campaigns
662:The contention between
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1551:The Injustice to Dou E
1456:Temple of Azure Clouds
1386:Science and technology
1243:Battle of Ngasaunggyan
1187:anti-Mongol fortresses
736:Hành Dịch Đăng Gia Sơn
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139:Commanders and leaders
1287:Battle of Lake Poyang
1277:Red Turban Rebellions
591:back to sink at sea.
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189:Casualties and losses
883:, pp. 289, 292.
472:improve this article
1470:Society and culture
1197:Battle of Xiangyang
910:, pp. 294–295.
871:, pp. 236–237.
520:Quảng Ninh province
352:battle of Bạch Đằng
296:Battle of Bạch Đằng
247:1st invasion (1258)
89: /
29:Battle of Bạch Đằng
18:Battle of Bạch Đằng
1558:The Orphan of Zhao
1327:Imperial Preceptor
1066:Vietnam: A History
1013:in pp. 4645-4648..
816:during the 1940s.
804:Bạch Đằng hải khẩu
762:Emperor Trùng Hưng
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194:4,000-4,500 killed
113:Vietnamese victory
93:20.937°N 106.629°E
1684:Conflicts in 1288
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814:Lưu Hữu Phước
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518:district (in
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461:This section
459:
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425:Hainan Island
421:
420:Trần Khánh Dư
417:
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380:
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371:Zhang Hongfan
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155:
152:
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149:Trần Khánh Dư
146:
145:Trần Hưng Đạo
143:
142:
137:
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102:
73:
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57:
54:
53:
49:
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32:
27:
19:
1674:1288 in Asia
1646:
1618:
1592:Other topics
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1511:Menggu Ziyun
1509:
1502:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1429:Architecture
1417:
1410:
1393:
1225:
1143:Yuan dynasty
1083:
1065:
1042:
1035:Elleman 2012
1030:
1023:Elleman 2012
1018:
1007:Elleman 2012
1002:
982:
975:
968:Elleman 2012
949:Elleman 2012
932:Elleman 2012
927:
920:Elleman 2012
915:
908:Elleman 2012
903:
896:Elleman 2012
881:Elleman 2012
876:
869:Elleman 2012
864:
854:
847:Elleman 2012
832:Elleman 2012
827:
809:
808:
803:
793:
770:Hundreds of
735:
688:
679:
651:
627:
616:
610:
601:
593:
585:
577:
568:
560:
545:
540:Southern Han
538:against the
513:
490:
481:
470:Please help
465:verification
462:
434:
403:
361:
312:Yuan dynasty
295:
293:
280:
269:Chuong Duong
164:Fan Yi
133:Yuan dynasty
122:Belligerents
58:9 April 1288
34:Part of the
1477:Yuan poetry
1315:family tree
800:Nguyễn Trãi
524:Thuy Nguyen
416:Zhang Wenhu
367:Nasr al-Din
344:Ha Long Bay
96: /
84:106°37′44″E
1653:Categories
1303:Government
820:References
796:Lê dynasty
753:Revealing
597:Temür Khan
358:Background
328:Quảng Ninh
81:20°56′13″N
72:Quảng Ninh
1626:Khanbaliq
1367:Dpon-chen
1357:Manchuria
1322:Empresses
772:Mông Đồng
757:'s fleet.
582:Aftermath
562:mông đồng
536:Ngô Quyền
528:Hai Phong
184:500 ships
1609:Borjigin
1419:Nong Shu
1401:Jiaochao
1352:Mongolia
1310:Emperors
1211:Sakhalin
1011:Yuan Shi
798:scholar
774:galleys,
764:'s feat,
755:King Ngô
644:錯疑戰血未曾乾。
641:江水渟涵斜日影，
638:胡越贏輸一倚欄。
635:山河今古雙開眼，
516:Yen Hung
484:May 2020
438:Lạng Sơn
399:Haiphong
387:Dai Viet
304:Đại Việt
174:Strength
128:Đại Việt
63:Location
1631:Shangdu
1599:Mongols
1583:Fashion
1406:Coinage
1221:Vietnam
1152:History
1058:Sources
407:Qinzhou
348:Vietnam
342:, near
326:(today
322:on the
182:94,000
156: (
1145:topics
1090:
1072:
990:
728:長說擒胡年。
725:至今四海民，
719:陜門萬旌旃。
716:海浦千艨艟，
713:刻轉坤斡榦。
710:憶昔重興帝，
707:想象吳王船。
704:洶洶白藤濤，
698:僑首萬里天。
695:行役簦家山，
607:Legacy
551:Battle
522:) and
383:Toghon
379:Champa
364:Yunnan
336:Champa
332:Kublai
320:Fan Yi
110:Result
1578:Islam
1362:Tibet
1248:Pagan
1238:Burma
1216:Japan
1202:Yamen
689:行役簦家山
572:junks
412:Hanoi
1573:Semu
1538:Zaju
1497:Song
1088:ISBN
1070:ISBN
988:ISBN
794:The
760:and
526:(in
444:Plan
318:and
316:Omar
294:The
154:Omar
55:Date
1490:Jin
780:...
747:...
722:...
701:...
656:...
632:...
628:白藤江
534:of
474:by
159:POW
1655::
956:^
939:^
888:^
839:^
664:Hu
70:,
1135:e
1128:t
1121:v
1050:.
996:.
497:)
491:(
486:)
482:(
468:.
410:(
228:e
221:t
214:v
162:)
20:.
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