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40:
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As in the rest of the region, Barnim is located in the transition zone between the oceanic climate of
Western Europe and the continental climate of Eastern Europe. Due to the relatively small height differential between Upper and Lower Barnim there is little difference between the climates of the two
564:. Hunter-gatherers mainly followed the courses of rivers, confirmed by archaeological discoveries north of Berlin. Around 6000 years ago the first permanent agricultural settlements were established. Discoveries of sickles and troughs from the
182:; the migrating salt pushed the overlying sedimentary rock closer to the surface. The limestone deposits gave birth to an expansive quarry which provided building materials for the expanding Berlin, an example of which being the tower of
105:. Typically, Lower Barnim does not reach higher than 80 metres above mean sea level (AMSL) whereas Upper Barnim is generally more than 100 metres AMSL. The highest point of the plateau is Semmelberg which stands at 157 metres AMSL.
235:. The till associated with the Wolstonian stage can be found on the surface or within a few metres of it in many places. The deposits of the older Drenthe Motion are much thinner and covered by deposits from younger movements.
230:
Only the two primary glacial motions of the
Wolstonian Stage allowed the plateau to clearly emerge. Geologically, Barnim is composed mostly of deposits from the more recent Warthe Motion which extends as far as
516:
areas. The coldest month is
January with an average temperature of -1 °C and the warmest is July, with an average temperature of 18 °C. The averages for Upper Barnim are marginally lower.
214:
sediment, it is generally only found at the surface in isolation around the
Oderbruchrand area. Generally, present-day Barnim there is very little surface evidence of the Kansan period remaining.
659:
a migration wave, mainly of Dutch colonists, arrived on Barnim. As with medieval settlement this was mainly confined to the areas along the rivers of Barnim. At the end of the 19th century
794:
Berlin-Brandenburgische
Akademie der Wissenschaften, Materialien der Interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppe Zukunftsorientierte Nutzung ländlicher Räume (LandInnovation), Nr. 6, Berlin, 2006
746:. Landesamt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe Brandenburg (heute: Landesamt für Bergbau, Geologie und Rohstoffe Brandenburg, LBGR), 2. Aufl., 142 S., 43 Karten, Kleinmachnow 2002,
408:
439:
595:
While the Slavic peoples tended to settle in lowland parts of Barnim near the relatively few areas, subsequent settlement of the plateau began in the 1230s by the
535:. Whereas Barnim receives relatively high amounts of precipitation, the Oderbruch receives less than 500mm annually and is one of the driest regions in Germany.
121:
Until the growth of Berlin in the 19th century, Barnim was only sparsely populated; in the eastern portion this continues to be the case. Excluding Berlin, only
495:
82:
792:
Analyse von informellen und dezentralen
Institutionen und Public Governance mit kulturlandschaftlichem Hintergrund in der Beispielregion Barnim.
480:
519:
The average annual precipitation for Lower Barnim is 550mm whereas in Upper Barnim it is 600mm. Due to the height of Barnim, the
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between 1239 and 1245 which were won by the
Ascaniers. In a measure intended to cement Ascanian rule, the House founded the
795:
69:
The limits of the plateau are easily definable. The southern boundary is marked by the Berlin Valley, through which the
773:
751:
733:
715:
604:
871:
600:
398:
768:
im
Auftrag der Brandenburgischen Historischen Kommission, be.bra wissenschaft verlag Berlin-Brandenburg 2005,
866:
183:
97:
Traditionally the plateau is divided into the Upper and Lower Barnim, separated by a line running between
647:
convent, which is now a ruin. They are amongst the most significant medieval buildings in the region.
636:
464:
393:
666:
178:. The relatively high position of the limestone in the bedrock is explained by the presence of a
781:
644:
490:
561:
242:; for this reason there are numerous places throughout the plateau where the soil consists of
627:
in Lower Barnim, whereas the
Ascaniers expanded over the northern parts of Upper Barnim from
616:
336:
847:
Die
Zisterzienser und ihre Klöster in Brandenburg. Ein kulturhistorisch-touristischer Führer
656:
207:
830:
Publius Cornelius Tacitus. Manfred Fuhrmann (ed.). "De origine et situ Germanorum liber".
8:
267:
404:
542:
Main settlements in Barnim in 1250. The dashed line indicates the extent of modern-day
503:
660:
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were laid as deep as 100 metres below the surface. They are particularly prominent in
777:
769:
747:
729:
711:
671:
304:
runs across the Barnim plateau from Northeast to Southwest. It also runs between the
195:
122:
815:
Hendl, M (1994). Marcinek, Joachim (ed.). "Das Klima des Norddeutschen Tieflandes".
708:
Geologische Übersichtskarte des Landes Brandenburg 1 : 300.000 - Erläuterungen.
448:
596:
365:
232:
149:, which were once independent towns, were incorporated into Berlin as a result of
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resulted in strong population growth in Berlin, which expanded into the plateau.
612:
523:, which lies to the east and is on average 100 metres lower than Barnim, is in a
360:
293:
203:
78:
444:
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are among the smaller towns in the area. Several once-independent towns such as
51:
476:
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sediment has led to a higher number of lakes, the most well-known of which are
472:
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305:
430:
860:
468:
349:
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635:. Conflicts over the question of territorial sovereignty contributed to the
167:
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134:
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tribe settled in Barnim, and after their migration the Slavic stem of the
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325:
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142:
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29:
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Zur Deutung und ursprünglichen Beziehung des Landschaftsnamens „Barnim“.
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In: Jahrbuch für brandenburgische Landesgeschichte 37 (1986), S. 41–50.
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527:. This is compounded by the height of other surrounding areas such as
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period which predates the Wolstonian Stage by several million years.
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39:
33:
21:
270:, more commonly known as the last time the Earth experienced an
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25:
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Brandenburgisches Namenbuch, Teil 5: Die Ortsnamen des Barnim
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tribe followed in the 6th and 7th centuries and settled near
560:
There is evidence of settlement in Barnim at the time of the
422:
384:
379:
375:
345:
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The stream Finow and the lake Großer Samithsee near Finowfurt
202:. Kansan sediment primarily consists of till and deposits in
156:
129:
are the only settlements with more than 10,000 inhabitants.
415:
313:
309:
243:
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rivers. Its course roughly follows that of the Frankfurt
108:
619:. The Wettiners expanded from the south with castles in
238:
The Wolstonian period also saw the formation of several
73:
flows. To the west, the boundary between Barnim and the
81:. To the north and north east is the boundary with the
829:
194:
The deposits of the first glacial motions during the
170:
unusually contains widespread deposits of limestone,
55:
Lake Schwärzesee near Eberswalde, Barnim, Brandenburg
611:. Further settlement was also carried out under the
320:. The main features along the divide include the
274:, glaciers reached 60 kilometres south of Barnim.
858:
762:Die Ortsnamen der Länder Brandenburg und Berlin
221:A geological and geomorphological map of Barnim
166:The southern edge of Barnim in the vicinity of
24:which is occupied by the northeastern parts of
742:Werner Stackebrandt, Volker Manhenke (Hrsg.):
59:
690:. Bearb. v. Gerhard Schlimpert, Weimar 1984.
674:in Hönow, constructed some time before 1250.
568:have been discovered in the west of Barnim.
153:in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
467:, Barnim has relatively few lakes. At the
726:Wander- und Naturführer Naturpark Barnim.
157:Geological Structure, Landforms and Soils
706:L. Lippstreu, N. Hermsdorf, A. Sonntag:
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414:The following tributaries flow into the
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766:Brandenburgischen Historischen Studien
261:
814:
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344:The following streams drain into the
28:and the surrounding federal state of
844:
661:the industrial revolution in Germany
650:
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225:
161:
13:
845:Puls, Uta (2005). "Altfriedland".
790:Ludger Gailing, Karl-Dieter Keim:
744:Atlas zur Geologie von Brandenburg
555:
14:
883:
817:Physische Geographie Deutschlands
724:Carsten Rasmus, Bettina Klaehne:
605:Otto III, Margrave of Brandenburg
387:, confluence with the Spree near
112:The extent of the Barnim Plateau.
47:which is located on the plateau.
601:John I, Margrave of Brandenburg
378:, confluence with the Spree in
838:
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728:KlaRas-Verlag, Berlin 2001.
403:Northern tributaries of the
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77:is marked by a north–south
10:
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60:Boundaries and Subdivision
637:Teltow and Magdeburg Wars
609:German eastward expansion
463:Despite being an area of
399:Fredersdorfer Mühlenfließ
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394:Neuenhagener Mühlenfließ
409:Lichtenower Mühlenfließ
872:Regions of Brandenburg
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425:, into which flow the
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254:, which belong to the
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760:Reinhard E. Fischer,
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617:Margravate of Meissen
591:Settlement since 1230
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493:
447:, which supplies the
440:Batzlower Mühlenfließ
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278:Hydrology and Climate
220:
190:Kansan Glacial Period
111:
54:
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696:Wolfgang H. Fritze:
471:, the deposition of
867:Plateaus of Germany
599:under the rules of
562:Allerød oscillation
368:, which flows into
268:last glacial period
262:Last Glacial Period
85:, and in the east,
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643:monastery and the
551:Settlement History
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407:, for example the
372:and onto the Havel
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672:fieldstone church
657:Thirty Years' War
651:Thirty Years' War
352:drainage basins:
240:terminal moraines
196:Kansan glaciation
184:St. Mary's Church
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710:– Potsdam 1997,
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679:Further reading.
597:House of Ascania
405:Löcknitz (river)
359:, confluence at
226:Wolstonian Stage
212:Wolstonian Stage
204:proglacial lakes
162:Bedrock Deposits
83:Eberswald Valley
43:A lake known as
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607:as part of the
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556:Paleolithic Age
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361:Hohen Neuendorf
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306:drainage basins
294:drainage divide
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764:. Band 13 der
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615:, part of the
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494:The view from
477:Wandlitzer See
473:glacio-fluvial
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449:Schermützelsee
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380:central Berlin
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322:Wandlitzer See
292:The principal
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796:Onlinefassung
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296:between the
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206:. Thanks to
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151:urban sprawl
135:Altlandsberg
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788:(in German)
784:, Seite 43.
758:(in German)
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685:(in German)
629:Oranienburg
621:Mittenwalde
529:Lubusz Land
525:rain shadow
500:Hellersdorf
465:Young Drift
431:Nonnenfließ
326:Liepnitzsee
176:Muschelkalk
143:Oranienburg
117:Settlements
93:Subdivision
87:Lubusz Land
71:River Spree
30:Brandenburg
861:Categories
802:References
655:After the
633:Strausberg
581:Biesenthal
566:Bronze Age
435:Eberswalde
370:Lake Tegel
302:Baltic Sea
168:Rüdersdorf
139:Biesenthal
131:Werneuchen
127:Strausberg
103:Eberswalde
99:Strausberg
65:Boundaries
782:1860-2436
645:Friedland
521:Oderbruch
504:Kaulsdorf
485:Straussee
298:North Sea
288:Watershed
283:Hydrology
248:oligocene
180:salt dome
832:Germania
625:Köpenick
585:Wandlitz
577:Sprevane
573:Semnones
498:towards
496:Kienberg
481:Gamensee
427:Schwärze
389:Köpenick
324:and the
300:and the
256:tertiary
246:made of
511:Climate
453:Stobber
332:Streams
308:of the
272:ice age
266:In the
252:miocene
147:Wriezen
34:Germany
22:plateau
819:: 559.
780:
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641:Chorin
544:Berlin
533:Chorin
357:Briese
123:Bernau
45:Retsee
26:Berlin
834:: 55.
459:Lakes
423:Finow
385:Wuhle
376:Panke
350:Spree
346:Havel
210:with
20:is a
778:ISSN
770:ISBN
748:ISBN
730:ISBN
712:ISBN
623:and
603:and
583:and
531:and
502:and
483:and
451:and
429:and
416:Oder
348:and
314:Oder
312:and
310:Elbe
250:and
244:clay
174:and
145:and
137:and
125:and
101:and
16:The
631:to
32:in
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