1456:
371:
3552:
1813:
379:
31:
52:
363:
387:
1726:
3520:
3508:
229:
573:, grow from the ends of 1- to 2-year-old branchlets and have leaves at their base. The spikes are generally 9 to 12 cm (3.5 to 4.7 in) wide with hundreds of individual flowers arising from an upright woody axis. The woody axis is 7 to 15 cm (2.8 to 5.9 in) high and 0.9 to 1 cm (0.35 to 0.39 in) wide. The flowers are cream-grey in colour with cream
581:
that develop from the flowers that were pollinated. Old withered flower parts remain on the cones, giving them a hairy appearance. Each follicle is oval in shape, wrinkled in texture, covered with fine hair and 2.5–3.5 cm (1.0–1.4 in) long, 2.0–2.5 cm (0.8–1.0 in) thick, and
719:
has the common names of old man banksia, saw banksia, saw-toothed banksia and saw-leaved banksia. It is also known as red honeysuckle and red banksia from the colour of its timber. The
Cadigal people who lived in the Sydney region prior to the arrival of Europeans, called the plant wiriyagan.
593:
plant), which measures 1.0–1.2 cm (0.39–0.47 in) long by 0.9–1.1 cm (0.35–0.43 in) wide. One side, termed the outer surface, is pitted and dark brown and the other is brown-black and warty, sparkling slightly. The seeds are separated in the follicle by a sturdy dark brown
1367:. The Wingaroo NR Conservation Plan (2000) reports that the population comprises around 60 to 80 individual trees, the majority of which are believed to be "quite old". It adds that there is evidence of slow and continuous regeneration, which appears to be occurring in the absence of fire.
561:
a thin, sparse appearance. The leaves themselves are dark glossy green above and light green below, 7 to 20 cm (2.8 to 7.9 in)—rarely up to 26 cm (10 in)—long by 2 to 4 cm (0.8 to 1.6 in)—rarely up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in)—wide, and oblong to
3512:
1803:
seems to depend on the nature of the site where they grow. One study recorded plants at coastal sites having more than 30% of their follicles open, compared to those further inland having fewer than 5% open. Follicles also open when part of the tree dies.
1717:, the plants in sandier soils showing more resistance than those in heavier soils. Plants from Wilsons Promontory were sensitive. The resistance of plants from Flinders Island is unknown. The small size of the stand renders it vulnerable to eradication.
1374:
is found on well-drained sandy soils that are low in nutrients, and it is often found on stabilised soil near the coast just behind the main dune system. In the Sydney region it is found with other typical woodland species, including yellow bloodwood
1758:
of under 1 cm (0.4 in) are unable to withstand low intensity fires. A stem/trunk DBH of 2 cm (0.8 in) is needed to survive low intensity fires and of around 5 cm (2 in) to withstand a high intensity fire.
540:
usually grows as a gnarled and misshapen tree up to 16 m (50 ft) tall, although in some coastal habitats it grows as a shrub of 1–3 m (3–10 ft), and on exposed coastal cliffs it has even been recorded as a
1774:. The seedbank in the plant's canopy is released after bushfire. Fire intervals of 10 to 15 years are recommended for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub, as longer leads to overgrowth by coastal tea tree (
757:
2874:
3524:
1308:
is a fairly uniform species, showing little variation between different habitats other than occasionally occurring as a shrub in coastal areas. No subspecific taxa are recognised. In 1896,
612:
is thick, hairy and red. The cotyledons are linear to lance-shaped with the narrow end towards the base, 3.5–10 cm (1.4–3.9 in) long with serrated margins and a v-shaped
2295:"Catalogue of the Natural History drawings commissioned by Joseph Banks on the Endeavour Voyage 1768-1771 held in the British Museum (Natural History) Part 1: Botany: Australia"
1850:
from 5.5 to 7.5, and a sunny aspect. Summer watering aids in growth. The plant may take several years to flower, although plants grown from cuttings may flower in two years.
1788:
makes them especially vulnerable. The seedbank is most productive between 25 and 35 years after a previous fire, although seedlings may be outcompeted by seedlings of
626:, but the latter can be distinguished by an orange-brown, rather than greyish, trunk, and adult leaves narrower than 2 cm (0.8 in). The inflorescences of
1039:
1701:
up to 15 cm (6 in) long arise from larger roots. These roots are particularly efficient at absorbing nutrients from nutrient-poor soils, such as the
461:
species has wrinkled grey bark, shiny dark green serrated leaves and large yellow or greyish-yellow flower spikes appearing over summer. The flower spikes, or
2908:
Myerscough, Peter J.; Carolin, Roger C. (2014). "Vegetation of beach sand ridges and geomorphological processes in the valley of the Upper Myall River, NSW".
2886:
1784:. Repeated intervals of five years' duration or less will result in decline of population as young plants are not yet resistant to fire, and their tall
1438:(ESBS), designated an endangered ecological community. This community is found on windblown sands, which are younger than the heathlands to the north.
3955:
1072:
as its next closest relative. This arrangement stood until 1999, when George effectively reverted to his 1981 arrangement in his monograph for the
2243:
Captain Cook's
Journal during his First Voyage Round the World made in H. M. Bark "Endeavour" 1768–71: A Literal Transcription of the Original MSS
604:) produced by seedlings are obovate, dull green and measure 1–1.4 cm (0.39–0.55 in) long by 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) wide. The
3680:
1744:
of younger and smaller plants. There is doubt as to whether recovery from a lignotuber is possible, although it has been demonstrated in other
830:
3753:
1736:
plants generally become fire tolerant by five to seven years of age in that they are able to resprout afterwards. Regrowth is generally from
856:
566:(egg-shaped) in shape. The leaf margins are serrated, except near the base, with lobes between 1 and 3 mm (0.04 and 0.12 in) deep.
1740:
under their thick bark if the plant is between 2 and 6 m (7–20 ft) high or possibly from the woody subterranean base known as the
1936:
1866:
Red-pink in colour, the timber resembles
English oak. It has been used in boatbuilding and is strong, durable and distinctively patterned.
1792:
seeder species. A field study found that seeds were dispersed up to 4 m (13 ft) from the parent plant in an hour by strong wind.
1082:
598:, which is about the same shape as the seeds, with a depression where the seed body sits adjacent to it. The first pair of leaves (called
1244:. A new taxonomic arrangement was not published at the time, but early in 2007 Mast and Thiele initiated a rearrangement by transferring
787:
3545:
3338:
Whelan, R. J.; Jong, N. H.; Burg, S. (April 1998). "Variation in bradyspory and seedling recruitment without fire among populations of
3311:
Hammill, K. A.; Bradstock, R. A.; Allaway, W. G. (1998). "Post-fire seed dispersal and species re-establishment in proteaceous heath".
1903:
2271:
3771:
2003:
3905:
3701:
2708:
Mast, Austin R.; Jones, Eric H.; Havery, Shawn P. (2005). "An assessment of old and new DNA sequence evidence for the paraphyly of
1466:
This species is a food source for several bird species. Nectar-eating birds that have been observed feeding at the flowers include
3920:
3237:
3061:
Purnell, Helen M. (1957). "Studies of the family
Proteaceae. I. Anatomy and morphology of the roots of some Victorian species".
1838:. It can be grown readily from seed, collected after heating the "cone". A sterile, free-draining seed-raising mixture prevents
457:. Commonly growing as a gnarled tree up to 16 m (50 ft) in height, it can be much smaller in more exposed areas. This
3789:
3385:
3250:
3142:
2819:. Kenthurst, New South Wales: Kangaroo Press in association with the Society for Growing Australian Plants, NSW. p. 94.
2580:
557:
are hairy, remaining so for two to three years. Leaves are usually crowded together at the upper end of branches, giving the
3202:
Bradstock, R.A.; Myerscough, P.J. (1988). "The
Survival and Population Response to Frequent Fires of Two Woody Resprouters
2935:
2840:
3950:
2067:
970:
733:
3940:
3029:
3945:
3930:
3457:
2977:
2824:
2588:
2223:
2193:
2137:
1823:
1320:
with large leaves, with hairs on leaves and stems, further west of any other collection of the species. He named it
1285:
was complete. In the meantime, if Mast and Thiele's nomenclatural changes are taken as an interim arrangement, then
3869:
3758:
3727:
51:
3531:
3864:
3794:
2993:
Goldingay, R. L.; Carthew, S. M.; Whelan, R. J. (1991). "The
Importance of Non-Flying Mammals in Pollination".
744:
589:
and weighs around 77.5 mg (0.0027 oz). The seed is composed of the obovate seed body (containing the
3843:
1435:
3513:
Transactions of the
Linnean Society of London/Volume 10/On the Proteaceae of Jussieu/Banksia#Banksia_serrata
2154:
3935:
2755:
2718:
2617:
2384:
2316:
1902:
on New South Wales mid north coast. As yet, it is not in commercial cultivation, though is registered with
1899:
1875:
1816:
1781:
1603:
1459:
894:
694:
586:
484:
219:
2456:. Vol. 3. London, United Kingdom: Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum. p. 84.
2029:
1898:– selection from large-flowered (spikes to 27 cm (11 in) high) and large-leaved population from
1834:
The gnarled lumpy bark, saw-toothed leaves and silvery-yellow spikes in bud are horticultural features of
3910:
3628:
3623:
3610:
3539:
2571:
1882:
1649:) as nocturnal mammalian visitors and pollinators. Other mammals recorded eating the flowers include the
1074:
818:
3091:(1993). "Why are hairy root clusters so abundant in the most nutrient-impoverished soils of Australia".
3915:
3838:
1455:
668:
3245:. Sydney, New South Wales: Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW. January 2009. p. 9.
382:
Flower spike in anthesis – flowers opened at bottom of spike (grey-yellow) and unopened at top (cream)
3925:
3781:
3601:
2132:. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Government Publishing Service. pp. 212–13.
1973:
1755:
1328:. In his 1981 monograph, George was unable to locate a collection that corresponded with the report.
1253:
886:
707:, commenting that it was the showiest species in the genus. As the first named species of the genus,
39:
2517:
2471:
1892:
1547:
1523:
1483:
3129:
501:. Throughout its range, it grows exclusively in sandy soil, and is usually the dominant plant in
3693:
2453:
Illustrations of
Australian plants collected in 1770 during Captain Cook's voyage round the world
1889:(Prostrate) collected from the same area. This plant is suitable for rockeries and small gardens.
1776:
1539:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1196:
1188:
1172:
1051:
905:
3137:. Hobart, Tasmania: Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. p. 24.
1885:
area on the New South Wales far south coast. Similar plants are seen in nurseries called simply
1218:
In 2005, Mast, Eric Jones and Shawn Havery published the results of their cladistic analyses of
634:
or cylindrical pollen presenters on the tips of unopened flowers and the follicles are smaller.
465:, turn grey as they age and pollinated flowers develop into large, grey, woody seed pods called
370:
3745:
3563:
2562:
1713:
1650:
1531:
1507:
1491:
1395:
1192:
962:
847:
771:
703:
608:
at the base of the cotyledon leaf is pointed and measures 0.2 cm (0.08 in) long. The
550:
2342:(in Latin). Vol. 1. Stuttgart: Sumtibus Auctoris, Typis Academiae Carolinae. p. 221.
1658:
1278:
1240:
1115:
1106:
992:
978:
939:
685:
203:
160:
144:
3807:
3649:
2263:
1679:
1634:
1344:
1309:
1124:
1006:
438:
176:
1428:
sands not disturbed in 125,000 years. In intermediate communities both species are found.
8:
3551:
2407:
1499:
1401:
1158:
861:
690:
590:
585:
The obovate seed is 3–3.4 cm (1.2–1.3 in) long, fairly flattened, has a papery
488:
446:
3830:
3474:
1881:– first propagated by Austraflora Nursery, this is a prostrate form originally from the
553:, and ooze a red sap when injured. New growth appears in spring, summer and autumn. New
3877:
3688:
3675:
3525:
Flora
Australiensis/Volume V/CIV. Proteaceae/28. Banksia#Banksia serrata
3355:
3297:
3110:
3010:
2537:
2499:
2479:
2101:
1766:
trees are naturally adapted to the presence of regular bushfires and exhibit a form of
1666:
1447:
1389:
1383:
1340:
1317:
1205:
737:. Alex George noted this description was taken from Linnaeus' original and was hence a
245:
46:
2875:"Ecology of Sydney Plant Species Part 7b:Dicotyledon families Proteaceae to Rubiaceae"
1789:
3802:
3636:
3453:
3381:
3246:
3138:
2973:
2921:
2820:
2690:
2682:
2648:
2584:
2412:. Vol. 5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541–62.
2219:
2189:
2133:
2105:
2093:
2076:
1812:
1750:
1684:
1571:
1555:
1152:
739:
265:
3114:
2451:
2337:
2241:
3882:
3641:
3351:
3320:
3293:
3219:
3179:
3102:
3070:
3002:
2917:
2795:
2783:
2764:
2727:
2672:
2626:
2576:
2529:
2491:
2294:
2085:
1940:
1618:
1595:
1515:
1267:
1164:
1146:
1111:
866:
822:
605:
578:
558:
492:
480:
466:
3615:
2520:(1940). "Additional Nomina Generica Conservanda (Pteridophyta and Phanerogamae)".
2354:
1795:
Seeds are also released spontaneously in the absence of fire. The degree to which
3472:
2608:
2475:
1785:
1587:
1579:
1416:
grows in dry sclerophyll forest on sandy soils that have recently formed (in the
1377:
1364:
1140:
1120:
1027:
838:
724:
654:
542:
454:
378:
89:
2941:. National Parks and Wildlife Service, New South Wales Government. February 2004
2844:
2427:
549:
grey bark up to 3 cm (1.2 in) thick. Trunks are often black from past
525:
animals in the autumn and winter months, and is an important source of food for
3825:
3586:
3093:
2402:
2125:
1737:
1563:
1211:
1134:
947:
852:
622:
613:
595:
497:
76:
30:
1846:
dieback, it grows best in a well-drained soil, preferably fairly sandy with a
630:
are generally a duller grey-yellow in colour, have longer (2–3 mm), more
554:
3899:
3817:
3740:
3445:
2686:
2467:
2443:
2380:
2097:
1677:
is a host plant for the larval and adult stages of the banksia jewel beetle (
1230:
greatly different from the accepted taxonomic arrangement, including finding
1187:. Instead, they formed a sister group to a large group comprising the series
927:
909:
826:
799:
672:
659:
574:
570:
462:
362:
3044:
631:
386:
3856:
3184:
3159:
3088:
2694:
2604:
2447:
2259:
2240:
1725:
1698:
1626:
1219:
1065:
1023:
766:
758:
On the cultivation of the plants belonging to the natural order of
Proteeae
712:
650:
522:
2800:
2677:
2652:
1420:) or in shallow soils over differing substrates, while its close relative
563:
546:
3714:
3595:
3276:
Bradstock, R.A. (1990). "Demography of woody plants in relation to fire:
2644:
2575:. Vol. 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria:
2423:
1839:
1475:
1425:
1409:
1176:
881:
514:
1780:), while an interval of at least nine years was indicated in a study at
3706:
3106:
3014:
2541:
2503:
1800:
1771:
1741:
1702:
1467:
1179:
again showed that the three eastern species formed a natural group, or
1031:
664:
646:
526:
518:
442:
434:
122:
3223:
3127:
3074:
2630:
2089:
1183:, but they were only distantly related to other members of the series
577:. Old flower spikes develop into "cones" that consist of up to thirty
3719:
3662:
2653:"Historical biogeography and the origin of stomatal distributions in
1263:
1235:
1227:
1035:
813:
769:
wrote of a plant in cultivation in England with short wavy leaves in
609:
600:
502:
112:
3557:
3324:
3006:
2784:"On the botany of Rylstone and the Goulburn River districts. Part I"
2768:
2731:
2533:
2495:
2389:
Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, pars decima quarta
3851:
3766:
3580:
3473:
Australian Cultivar Registration Authority (ACRA) (5 August 2002).
2320:
2299:
Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Historical Series
1767:
1642:
1417:
1356:
1351:(25°31′ S) in the north. There is also a large population at
1102:
795:
506:
450:
102:
3732:
3667:
3519:
3507:
3401:
3164:– Investigations into the Anatomy of the Cotyledonary Node of Two
2484:
Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew)
779:"wavy-leaved banksia" but conceding it may have been a variety of
3423:
3380:. Melbourne, Victoria: Bloomings Books Pty Ltd. pp. 328–29.
2162:
1711:
has shown a variable susceptibility to dieback from the pathogen
1694:
1097:
914:
429:
420:
228:
132:
3654:
3201:
1950:. This has been recognised and corrected in later publications.
1855:
2130:
The Banksia Atlas (Australian Flora and Fauna Series Number 8)
803:, the "true banksias", because the inflorescence is a typical
483:
in 1770, and one of four species published in 1782 as part of
2936:"Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion"
2184:
Harden, Gwen J.; Hardin, David W.; Godden, Dianne C. (2000).
1180:
1093:
545:. As a tree it usually has a single, stout trunk with warty,
424:
63:
2466:
2315:
2123:
1277:. They foreshadowed publishing a full arrangement once DNA
865:, he discarded Meissner's series, replacing them with four
2964:. Carlton, Victoria: Melbourne University Press. pp.
877:, a somewhat heterogeneous section containing 18 species.
3030:"A review of the biology and a new larval host plant for
2410:: A Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory
1001:, and this was further divided into nine series, placing
3376:
Collins, Kevin; Collins, Kathy; George, Alex S. (2008).
2745:
Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of
693:
of the species was not published until April 1782, when
3310:
3239:
Best practice guidelines: Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub
2432:. Vol. 2. Leipzig: Arthur Felix. pp. 581–582.
1847:
2992:
2843:. Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service. Archived from
2788:
Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales
2238:
3375:
3452:. Sydney, New South Wales: ABC Books. p. 102.
1038:significantly different from George's arrangement.
2482:(1935). "Conservation of Later Generic Homonyms".
2218:. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. pp. 114–15.
2183:
2161:. Australian Native Plants Society. Archived from
675:. Solander coined the (unpublished) binomial name
3151:
3060:
3043:. Supplementary Paper No. 25: 1–3. Archived from
2907:
2841:"Wingaroo Conservation Area Management Plan 2000"
1842:. In cultivation, though relatively resistant to
1697:and few lateral roots. Clusters of fine branched
1424:grows in dry heath forest that occurs on ancient
1030:published a new arrangement for the genus, after
441:to the east coast of Australia, it is found from
3897:
922:as an alternative, referring to this species as
3275:
3128:Natural and Cultural Heritage Division (2014).
2872:
2707:
1754:. Stem size is a critical factor; stems with a
374:Flowers in late bud, before flowers have opened
3337:
3271:
3269:
3197:
3195:
2959:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2209:
2207:
2205:
1613:A 1988 field study found that most flowers of
1068:(united by their unusual seedling leaves) and
2603:
2391:(in Latin). Paris: Sumptibus Victoris Masson.
2373:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
683:also appearing under the finished drawing in
529:. It is a common plant of parks and gardens.
3157:
2661:(Proteaceae) based on their cpDNA phylogeny"
2436:
2395:
1937:International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
3266:
3192:
3081:
3034:(Fabricius, 1801)(Coleoptera: Buprestidae)"
2953:
2643:
2597:
2548:
2232:
2213:
2202:
1359:and another in the southwest corner of the
1331:
16:Species of tree native to eastern Australia
3550:
3546:Department of the Environment and Heritage
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3158:Mibus, Raelene; Sedgley, Margaret (2000).
3131:Flinders Island Natural Values Survey 2012
3027:
2744:
2325:. Brunsvigae: Orphanotrophei. p. 126.
2252:
2112:
2044:
1300:
227:
29:
3183:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2799:
2738:
2701:
2676:
2637:
2309:
2258:
2032:. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service
965:published a new taxonomic arrangement of
901:had previously been published in 1776 as
851:on the basis of its toothed leaves. When
517:by and provides food for a wide array of
3485:. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
2833:
2379:
2335:
2022:
1811:
1724:
1454:
731:in 1788 in the first volume of his work
582:1.5–2.2 cm (0.6–0.9 in) wide.
385:
377:
369:
361:
3956:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus the Younger
3444:
3362:
3054:
2960:Barker, R.D.; Vestjens, W.J.M. (1984).
2516:
2442:
2401:
2352:
2152:
1935:, meant that it was required under the
1602:). The immature follicles are eaten by
1339:occurs on the Australian mainland from
987:, and was divided into three sections.
3898:
3331:
3087:
2859:
2814:
2561:
2422:
2292:
2146:
2065:
1997:
1995:
1861:
1829:
1705:-deficient native soils of Australia.
1266:; in this way they also redefined the
912:, referring to the genus now known as
491:of the genus. There are no recognised
3562:
3561:
3426:. Australian National Botanic Gardens
3404:. Australian National Botanic Gardens
2873:Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (2000).
2781:
2581:Australian Biological Resources Study
1968:
1966:
930:transferred the species to the genus
3870:58481dd5-27b8-4285-881e-4753e4afab7a
3782:83e27980-ab2e-42c8-b240-28af9f8a9b21
3424:"Australian Native Plants as Bonsai"
3394:
2808:
2214:Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1991).
2177:
1762:As with other species in the genus,
1262:for the species having spoon-shaped
957:
657:, naturalists on the British vessel
495:, although it is closely related to
3483:Australian National Botanic Gardens
2339:De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum
2274:from the original on 8 October 2006
2239:William J. L. Wharton, ed. (1893).
2188:. Sydney: UNSW Press. p. 167.
1992:
1720:
971:The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)
938:in 1905. These applications of the
734:De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum
390:Old cone with large woody follicles
13:
3356:10.1111/j.1442-9993.1998.tb00710.x
3298:10.1111/j.1442-9993.1990.tb01026.x
2001:
1963:
1617:opened at night, and recorded the
1083:George's taxonomic arrangement of
663:during Lieutenant (later Captain)
14:
3967:
3500:
2611:(1996). "A cladistic analysis of
2216:Banksias, Waratahs and Grevilleas
1931:was illegal, as the inclusion of
1824:Royal Botanic Gardens, Cranbourne
1729:Epicormic regrowth after bushfire
1347:(39°08′ S) in the south, to
320:Knight nom. illeg., nom. superfl.
3844:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:703183-1
3518:
3506:
2922:10.7751/cunninghamia.2014.14.002
2153:Walters, Brian (November 2007).
765:and hence superfluous. In 1830,
50:
3906:Banksia taxa by scientific name
3466:
3438:
3416:
3304:
3230:
3160:"Early Lignotuber Formation in
3121:
3021:
2986:
2928:
2901:
2885:(4): 1017–1202 . Archived from
2775:
2510:
2460:
2416:
2346:
2329:
2286:
1917:
1040:Thiele and Ladiges' arrangement
897:, on the grounds that the name
3921:Trees of mild maritime climate
3028:Hawkeswood, Trevor J. (2007).
2782:Baker, Richard Thomas (1896).
2450:; Solander, Daniel C. (eds.).
2010:. Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
761:, both later determined to be
569:Cylindrical flower spikes, or
532:
423:people, is a species of woody
1:
2569:". In Wilson, Annette (ed.).
2186:Proteaceae of New South Wales
1957:
1923:George's 1981 publication of
1436:Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub
788:Brown's taxonomic arrangement
449:with outlying populations on
3402:"Growing Banksias from seed"
3313:Australian Journal of Botany
3212:Australian Journal of Botany
3063:Australian Journal of Botany
2962:The Food of Australian Birds
2756:Australian Systematic Botany
2719:Australian Systematic Botany
2618:Australian Systematic Botany
2363:Edwards's Botanical Register
2317:Carolus Linnaeus the Younger
1869:
1782:Brisbane Water National Park
1604:yellow-tailed black cockatoo
1560:Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris
1460:Yellow-tailed black cockatoo
1393:), blue-leaved stringybark (
890:, rejected the generic name
772:Edwards's Botanical Register
695:Carolus Linnaeus the Younger
485:Carolus Linnaeus the Younger
475:is one of the four original
289:Banksia serrata var. hirsuta
7:
833:. Meissner further divided
637:
10:
3972:
3951:Garden plants of Australia
3450:Gardening on the Wild Side
2665:American Journal of Botany
2522:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1445:
1441:
942:were largely ignored, and
677:Leucadendrum serratifolium
276:nom. illeg., nom. superfl.
3941:Flora of Victoria (state)
3570:
2429:Revisio generum plantarum
2383:(1856). "Proteaceae". In
2336:Gaertner, Joseph (1788).
1980:. Australian Plant Census
1399:) and Sydney peppermint (
887:Revisio Generum Plantarum
697:described the first four
251:
244:
235:
226:
209:
202:
47:Scientific classification
45:
40:Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini
37:
28:
23:
3946:Plants described in 1782
3931:Flora of New South Wales
3548:, Australian Government.
2815:George, Alex S. (1981).
2066:George, Alex S. (1981).
1910:
1600:Trichoglossus moluccanus
1548:yellow-tufted honeyeater
1524:tawny-crowned honeyeater
1484:white-cheeked honeyeater
1363:in the northern part of
1332:Distribution and habitat
821:in 1847, and demoted to
399:, commonly known as the
349:Sirmuellera serratifolia
2293:Diment, Judith (1984).
1807:
1777:Leptospermum laevigatum
1568:Anthochaera carunculata
1540:white-plumed honeyeater
1361:Wingaroo Nature Reserve
1349:Maryborough, Queensland
1301:Intraspecific variation
969:in his 1981 monograph "
926:. For the same reason,
831:his 1856 classification
645:was first collected at
3282:Isopogon anemonifolius
3208:Isopogon anemonifolius
3185:10.1006/anbo.2000.1219
2353:Lindley, John (1830).
2322:Supplementum Plantarum
1826:
1730:
1714:Phytophthora cinnamomi
1671:Syconycteris australis
1655:Pteropus poliocephalus
1651:grey-headed flying fox
1552:Lichenostomus melanops
1532:white-naped honeyeater
1508:white-eared honeyeater
1492:New Holland honeyeater
1463:
1434:is a component of the
1370:Throughout its range,
704:Supplementum Plantarum
391:
383:
375:
367:
3168:(Proteaceae) Species"
2801:10.5962/bhl.part.8480
2678:10.3732/ajb.89.8.1311
1815:
1728:
1659:little red flying fox
1584:Philemon corniculatus
1544:Ptilotula penicillata
1512:Nesoptilotis leucotis
1458:
940:principle of priority
775:, giving it the name
743:(illegitimate name).
681:Leucadendron serratum
649:on 29 April 1770, by
479:species collected by
427:or tree of the genus
389:
381:
373:
365:
3032:Cyrioides imperialis
2753:L.f. (Proteaceae)".
2583:. pp. 175–251.
2165:on 23 September 2010
1680:Cyrioides imperialis
1635:eastern pygmy possum
1536:Melithreptus lunatus
1520:Lichmera indistincta
1472:Manorina melanophrys
1310:Richard Thomas Baker
857:his 1870 arrangement
309:Banksia serratifolia
3936:Flora of Queensland
3284:(Salisb.) Knight".
2889:on 28 December 2021
2609:Ladiges, Pauline Y.
2408:Flora Australiensis
2405:(1870). "Banksia".
2248:. London: E. Stock.
1862:Use in construction
1830:Use in horticulture
1687:visit the flowers.
1685:European honey bees
1683:). Native bees and
1623:Antechinus stuartii
1592:Dicrurus bracteatus
1528:Gliciphila melanops
1500:crescent honeyeater
1316:at Kelgoola on the
1159:B. candolleana
1034:analyses yielded a
924:Sirmuellera serrata
862:Flora Australiensis
689:. The first formal
341:Sirmuellera serrata
281:Banksia serraefolia
3911:Trees of Australia
3540:Flora of Australia
3107:10.1007/BF00025034
2649:Givnish, Thomas J.
2572:Flora of Australia
2072:L.f. (Proteaceae)"
1827:
1731:
1667:common blossom bat
1631:Petaurus breviceps
1496:P. novaehollandiae
1488:Phylidonyris nigra
1464:
1390:Eucalyptus sieberi
1387:), silvertop ash (
1381:), red bloodwood (
1341:Wilsons Promontory
1318:Central Tablelands
1226:. They inferred a
1206:Banksia lullfitzii
1075:Flora of Australia
954:rejected in 1940.
948:formally conserved
918:. Kuntze proposed
753:Banksia serræfolia
729:Banksia conchifera
711:is considered the
686:Banks' Florilegium
620:closely resembles
392:
384:
376:
368:
317:Banksia serrifolia
261:Banksia conchifera
3916:Flora of Tasmania
3893:
3892:
3803:Open Tree of Life
3564:Taxon identifiers
3523:Works related to
3511:Works related to
3387:978-1-876473-68-6
3252:978-1-74232-091-5
3224:10.1071/BT9880415
3144:978-0-9922694-3-2
3075:10.1071/BT9600038
3050:on 23 April 2012.
2631:10.1071/SB9960661
2385:de Candolle, A. P
2090:10.58828/nuy00060
2030:"Old man banksia"
1639:Cercartetus nanus
1572:little wattlebird
1556:eastern spinebill
1312:found a clump of
1252:, and publishing
1201:Banksia elderiana
1153:B. menziesii
1092:is placed in the
958:Current placement
936:Isostylis serrata
819:Stephan Endlicher
740:nomen illegitimum
409:saw-tooth banksia
360:
359:
353:
345:
337:
333:Isostylis serrata
329:
321:
313:
301:
293:
285:
284:Knight orth. var.
277:
268:
255:Alphabetical list
3963:
3926:Ornamental trees
3886:
3885:
3873:
3872:
3860:
3859:
3847:
3846:
3834:
3833:
3821:
3820:
3811:
3810:
3798:
3797:
3785:
3784:
3775:
3774:
3762:
3761:
3749:
3748:
3736:
3735:
3723:
3722:
3710:
3709:
3697:
3696:
3684:
3683:
3671:
3670:
3658:
3657:
3645:
3644:
3632:
3631:
3619:
3618:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3549:
3522:
3510:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3398:
3392:
3391:
3373:
3360:
3359:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3273:
3264:
3263:
3261:
3259:
3244:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3199:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3172:Annals of Botany
3155:
3149:
3148:
3136:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3089:Lamont, Byron B.
3085:
3079:
3078:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3038:
3025:
3019:
3018:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2972::197, 232, 458.
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2946:
2940:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2870:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2852:
2847:on 15 March 2017
2837:
2831:
2830:
2817:The Banksia book
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2712:with respect to
2705:
2699:
2698:
2680:
2641:
2635:
2634:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2577:CSIRO Publishing
2559:
2546:
2545:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2472:Weatherby, C. A.
2464:
2458:
2457:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2357:Banksia undulata
2350:
2344:
2343:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2211:
2200:
2199:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2121:
2110:
2109:
2063:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2002:Harden, Gwen J.
1999:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1970:
1951:
1939:to be given the
1921:
1854:is also used in
1748:species such as
1721:Response to fire
1619:brown antechinus
1596:rainbow lorikeet
1516:brown honeyeater
1480:M. melanocephala
1324: var.
1238:with respect to
1165:B. sceptrum
1147:B. speciosa
1050:, placing it in
777:Banksia undulata
723:German botanist
651:Sir Joseph Banks
481:Sir Joseph Banks
433:, in the family
352:(Salisb.) Kuntze
351:
343:
335:
327:
325:Banksia undulata
319:
311:
299:
291:
283:
275:
263:
231:
215:
181:
165:
149:
55:
54:
33:
21:
20:
3971:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3960:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3881:
3876:
3868:
3863:
3855:
3850:
3842:
3837:
3829:
3824:
3818:Banksia_serrata
3816:
3814:
3806:
3801:
3793:
3788:
3780:
3778:
3772:Banksia~serrata
3770:
3765:
3757:
3752:
3744:
3739:
3731:
3726:
3718:
3713:
3705:
3700:
3694:Banksia serrata
3692:
3687:
3679:
3674:
3666:
3661:
3653:
3648:
3640:
3635:
3627:
3622:
3614:
3609:
3602:Banksia serrata
3600:
3599:
3594:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3572:Banksia serrata
3566:
3534:Banksia serrata
3530:
3503:
3498:
3488:
3486:
3471:
3467:
3460:
3443:
3439:
3429:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3395:
3388:
3374:
3363:
3344:Austral Ecology
3342:(Proteaceae)".
3340:Banksia serrata
3336:
3332:
3325:10.1071/BT96116
3309:
3305:
3286:Austral Ecology
3278:Banksia serrata
3274:
3267:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3204:Banksia serrata
3200:
3193:
3156:
3152:
3145:
3134:
3126:
3122:
3086:
3082:
3059:
3055:
3047:
3036:
3026:
3022:
3007:10.2307/3545409
2991:
2987:
2980:
2958:
2954:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2906:
2902:
2892:
2890:
2871:
2860:
2850:
2848:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2813:
2809:
2780:
2776:
2769:10.1071/SB06016
2743:
2739:
2732:10.1071/SB04015
2716:(Proteaceae)".
2706:
2702:
2651:(August 2002).
2645:Mast, Austin R.
2642:
2638:
2615:(Proteaceae)".
2602:
2598:
2591:
2563:George, Alex S.
2560:
2549:
2534:10.2307/4111642
2515:
2511:
2496:10.2307/4107078
2465:
2461:
2441:
2437:
2421:
2417:
2403:Bentham, George
2400:
2396:
2378:
2374:
2351:
2347:
2334:
2330:
2314:
2310:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2275:
2268:Banks's Journal
2264:"29 April 1770"
2257:
2253:
2237:
2233:
2226:
2212:
2203:
2196:
2182:
2178:
2168:
2166:
2151:
2147:
2140:
2126:Hopper, Stephen
2122:
2113:
2084:(3): 239–473 .
2064:
2045:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2006:Banksia serrata
2000:
1993:
1983:
1981:
1976:Banksia serrata
1972:
1971:
1964:
1960:
1955:
1954:
1933:B. serrata
1922:
1918:
1913:
1887:B. serrata
1872:
1864:
1852:Banksia serrata
1836:B. serrata
1832:
1810:
1797:B. serrata
1764:B. serrata
1734:Banksia serrata
1723:
1709:Banksia serrata
1691:Banksia serrata
1675:Banksia serrata
1647:Rattus fuscipes
1615:B. serrata
1588:spangled drongo
1580:noisy friarbird
1504:P. pyrrhopterus
1453:
1444:
1414:B. serrata
1378:Corymbia eximia
1365:Flinders Island
1337:Banksia serrata
1334:
1322:B. serrata
1314:B. serrata
1306:Banksia serrata
1303:
1287:B. serrata
1141:B. baxteri
1090:B. serrata
1044:B. serrata
1028:Pauline Ladiges
1003:B. serrata
989:B. serrata
973:". Endlicher's
960:
871:B. serrata
843:B. serrata
792:B. serrata
781:B. serrata
763:B. serrata
725:Joseph Gaertner
717:Banksia serrata
709:Banksia serrata
701:species in his
655:Daniel Solander
643:Banksia serrata
640:
628:B. serrata
618:Banksia serrata
543:prostrate shrub
538:Banksia serrata
535:
455:Flinders Island
413:red honeysuckle
405:old man banksia
396:Banksia serrata
356:
297:Banksia serrata
257:
256:
238:Banksia serrata
222:
217:
213:Banksia serrata
211:
198:
195:B. serrata
179:
163:
147:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3969:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3883:wfo-0000559808
3874:
3861:
3848:
3835:
3822:
3812:
3799:
3786:
3776:
3763:
3750:
3737:
3724:
3711:
3698:
3685:
3672:
3659:
3646:
3633:
3620:
3607:
3592:
3576:
3574:
3568:
3567:
3556:
3555:
3528:
3516:
3502:
3501:External links
3499:
3497:
3496:
3465:
3458:
3446:Stewart, Angus
3437:
3415:
3393:
3386:
3361:
3330:
3303:
3265:
3251:
3229:
3191:
3150:
3143:
3120:
3094:Plant and Soil
3080:
3053:
3020:
2985:
2978:
2952:
2927:
2900:
2858:
2832:
2825:
2807:
2794:(3): 427–66 .
2774:
2737:
2700:
2671:(8): 1311–23.
2636:
2625:(5): 661–733.
2596:
2589:
2547:
2518:Sprague, T. A.
2509:
2459:
2444:Britten, James
2435:
2415:
2394:
2381:Meissner, Carl
2372:
2345:
2328:
2308:
2285:
2251:
2231:
2224:
2201:
2194:
2176:
2157:Banksia aemula
2145:
2138:
2124:Taylor, Anne;
2111:
2043:
2021:
1991:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1890:
1879:'Pygmy Possum'
1871:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1831:
1828:
1820:'Pygmy Possum'
1809:
1806:
1799:trees exhibit
1738:epicormic buds
1722:
1719:
1699:proteoid roots
1693:has a central
1576:A. chrysoptera
1564:red wattlebird
1443:
1440:
1422:B. aemula
1396:E. agglomerata
1333:
1330:
1302:
1299:
1212:Banksia baueri
1135:B. ornata
1130:B. aemula
1070:B. ornata
1062:B. aemula
1055: subser.
991:was placed in
959:
956:
873:was placed in
853:George Bentham
807:flower spike.
794:was placed in
639:
636:
623:B. aemula
596:seed separator
571:inflorescences
534:
531:
498:Banksia aemula
463:inflorescences
358:
357:
355:
354:
346:
338:
336:(L.f.) Britten
330:
322:
314:
306:
294:
286:
278:
269:
254:
253:
252:
249:
248:
242:
241:
233:
232:
224:
223:
218:
207:
206:
200:
199:
192:
190:
186:
185:
174:
170:
169:
158:
154:
153:
142:
138:
137:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
93:
92:
87:
80:
79:
74:
67:
66:
61:
57:
56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3968:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3884:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3813:
3809:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3777:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3597:
3593:
3588:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3560:
3553:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3535:
3529:
3527:at Wikisource
3526:
3521:
3517:
3515:at Wikisource
3514:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3484:
3480:
3478:
3469:
3461:
3459:0-7333-0791-4
3455:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3425:
3419:
3403:
3397:
3389:
3383:
3379:
3372:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3357:
3353:
3350:(2): 121–28.
3349:
3345:
3341:
3334:
3326:
3322:
3319:(4): 407–19.
3318:
3314:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3292:(1): 117–32.
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3272:
3270:
3254:
3248:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3225:
3221:
3218:(4): 415–31.
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3196:
3186:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3154:
3146:
3140:
3133:
3132:
3124:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3101:(1): 269–72.
3100:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3084:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3057:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3033:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2989:
2981:
2979:0-643-05006-X
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2937:
2931:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2828:
2826:0-86417-006-8
2822:
2818:
2811:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2605:Thiele, Kevin
2600:
2592:
2590:0-643-06454-0
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2448:Banks, Joseph
2445:
2439:
2431:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2411:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2349:
2341:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2312:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2289:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2260:Banks, Joseph
2255:
2246:
2244:
2235:
2227:
2225:0-207-17277-3
2221:
2217:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2197:
2195:0-86840-302-4
2191:
2187:
2180:
2164:
2160:
2158:
2149:
2141:
2139:0-644-07124-9
2135:
2131:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2071:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2031:
2025:
2009:
2007:
1998:
1996:
1979:
1977:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1916:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1814:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1727:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1663:P. scapulatus
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1611:
1609:
1608:Zanda funerea
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1408:In the Upper
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1379:
1373:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1353:Sisters Creek
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1289:is placed in
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
999:
995:
990:
986:
985:
981:
976:
972:
968:
964:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
928:James Britten
925:
921:
917:
916:
911:
907:
904:
900:
896:
893:
889:
888:
883:
878:
876:
872:
868:
864:
863:
858:
854:
850:
849:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
827:Carl Meissner
824:
820:
816:
815:
810:
809:Banksia verae
806:
802:
801:
800:Banksia verae
797:
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
773:
768:
764:
760:
759:
754:
750:
749:Banksia mitis
746:
745:Joseph Knight
742:
741:
736:
735:
730:
726:
721:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:
700:
696:
692:
688:
687:
682:
678:
674:
673:Pacific Ocean
670:
666:
662:
661:
660:HMS Endeavour
656:
652:
648:
644:
635:
633:
629:
625:
624:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:
597:
592:
588:
583:
580:
576:
572:
567:
565:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
539:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:
388:
380:
372:
364:
350:
347:
344:(L.f.) Kuntze
342:
339:
334:
331:
326:
323:
318:
315:
310:
307:
305:
298:
295:
290:
287:
282:
279:
273:
272:Banksia mitis
270:
267:
262:
259:
258:
250:
247:
243:
239:
234:
230:
225:
221:
216:
214:
208:
205:
204:Binomial name
201:
197:
196:
191:
188:
187:
184:
183:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
159:
156:
155:
152:
151:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
77:Tracheophytes
75:
72:
69:
68:
65:
62:
59:
58:
53:
48:
44:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3571:
3538:
3533:
3487:. Retrieved
3482:
3476:
3468:
3449:
3440:
3428:. Retrieved
3418:
3406:. Retrieved
3396:
3377:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3256:. Retrieved
3238:
3232:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3161:
3153:
3130:
3123:
3098:
3092:
3083:
3069:(1): 38–50.
3066:
3062:
3056:
3045:the original
3040:
3031:
3023:
3001:(1): 79–87.
2998:
2994:
2988:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2943:. Retrieved
2930:
2913:
2910:Cunninghamia
2909:
2903:
2891:. Retrieved
2887:the original
2882:
2879:Cunninghamia
2878:
2849:. Retrieved
2845:the original
2835:
2816:
2810:
2791:
2787:
2777:
2763:(1): 63–71.
2760:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2740:
2726:(1): 75–88.
2723:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2654:
2639:
2622:
2616:
2612:
2599:
2570:
2566:
2525:
2521:
2512:
2490:(6/9): 368.
2487:
2483:
2480:Green, M. L.
2476:Mansfeld, R.
2462:
2452:
2438:
2428:
2424:Kuntze, Otto
2418:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2375:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2338:
2331:
2321:
2311:
2302:
2298:
2288:
2276:. Retrieved
2267:
2254:
2242:
2234:
2215:
2185:
2179:
2167:. Retrieved
2163:the original
2156:
2148:
2129:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2034:. Retrieved
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2005:
1982:. Retrieved
1975:
1947:
1943:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1893:
1886:
1876:
1865:
1851:
1844:P. cinnamomi
1843:
1835:
1833:
1817:
1796:
1794:
1775:
1763:
1761:
1751:B. menziesii
1749:
1745:
1733:
1732:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1690:
1689:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1662:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1627:sugar glider
1622:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1551:
1543:
1535:
1527:
1519:
1511:
1503:
1495:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1465:
1449:
1431:
1430:
1421:
1413:
1407:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1384:C. gummifera
1382:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1294:
1293: subg.
1290:
1286:
1282:
1274:
1273: subg.
1270:
1258:
1257: subg.
1254:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1236:paraphyletic
1231:
1223:
1220:DNA sequence
1217:
1210:
1204:
1200:
1184:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1069:
1066:sister taxon
1061:
1060:along with
1056:
1052:
1047:
1043:
1024:Kevin Thiele
1021:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1002:
997:
996: sect.
993:
988:
983:
982: subg.
979:
974:
966:
961:
951:
943:
935:
931:
923:
919:
913:
902:
898:
891:
885:
879:
874:
870:
860:
846:
842:
834:
812:
811:was renamed
808:
804:
798:
791:
785:
780:
776:
770:
767:John Lindley
762:
756:
755:in his 1809
752:
748:
738:
732:
728:
722:
716:
713:type species
708:
702:
698:
684:
680:
676:
669:first voyage
658:
642:
641:
627:
621:
617:
599:
584:
568:
537:
536:
523:invertebrate
510:
496:
487:'s original
476:
472:
471:
458:
428:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
395:
394:
393:
348:
340:
332:
324:
316:
308:
303:
296:
288:
280:
271:
260:
237:
212:
210:
194:
193:
177:
161:
145:
133:
96:
83:
70:
24:Saw banksia
18:
3831:kew-2669251
3715:iNaturalist
3596:Wikispecies
3479:'Superman'"
3430:14 November
2893:16 December
2068:"The Genus
2036:17 November
1929:Orthostylis
1927: ser.
1900:Scotts Head
1840:damping off
1476:noisy miner
1448:Ecology of
1426:Pleistocene
1410:Myall River
1402:E. piperita
1259:Spathulatae
1199:(including
1177:Austin Mast
1171:In 2002, a
1128:along with
1017:Orthostylis
1010: ser.
963:Alex George
952:Sirmuellera
920:Sirmuellera
882:Otto Kuntze
875:Orthostylis
691:description
616:at the tip.
533:Description
527:honeyeaters
489:description
401:saw banksia
266:nom. illeg.
90:Angiosperms
3900:Categories
3826:Plant List
3178:(3): 577.
2468:Rehder, A.
2278:25 October
2014:11 January
1958:References
1946:L.f. ser.
1896:'Superman'
1883:Green Cape
1801:bradyspory
1772:pyriscence
1742:lignotuber
1703:phosphorus
1468:bell miner
1462:at flowers
1446:See also:
1432:B. serrata
1372:B. serrata
1264:cotyledons
1197:Tetragonae
1189:Prostratae
1046:in series
1015:(formerly
855:published
845:in series
841:, placing
837:into four
747:described
727:described
665:James Cook
647:Botany Bay
601:cotyledons
555:branchlets
519:vertebrate
515:pollinated
511:B. serrata
473:B. serrata
443:Queensland
435:Proteaceae
141:Subgenus:
123:Proteaceae
3746:112529848
2916:: 17–53.
2749:R.Br. to
2687:0002-9122
2565:(1999). "
2528:(3): 99.
2305:: 1-184 .
2106:196677407
2098:0085-4417
1870:Cultivars
1770:known as
1228:phylogeny
1222:data for
1193:Ochraceae
1175:study by
1173:molecular
1042:retained
1036:cladogram
1032:cladistic
1022:In 1996,
975:Eubanksia
946:L.f. was
932:Isostylis
906:J.R.Forst
884:, in his
880:In 1891,
848:Quercinae
835:Eubanksia
823:sectional
814:Eubanksia
610:hypocotyl
591:embryonic
579:follicles
551:bushfires
503:scrubland
493:varieties
467:follicles
417:wiriyagan
292:R.T.Baker
240:in green
236:Range of
189:Species:
157:Section:
113:Proteales
60:Kingdom:
3865:VicFlora
3857:26500853
3852:Tropicos
3815:PalDat:
3767:NSWFlora
3733:703183-1
3587:Q2124919
3581:Wikidata
3448:(2001).
3378:Banksias
3280:Lf. and
3258:8 August
3115:32550881
3041:Calodema
2945:8 August
2747:Dryandra
2714:Dryandra
2695:21665734
2659:Dryandra
2446:(1905).
2426:(1891).
2319:(1782).
2272:Archived
2128:(1988).
1790:obligate
1768:serotiny
1643:bush rat
1418:Holocene
1412:region,
1357:Tasmania
1345:Victoria
1283:Dryandra
1279:sampling
1246:Dryandra
1241:Dryandra
1103:Subgenus
1078:series.
867:sections
825:rank by
796:subgenus
638:Taxonomy
632:fusiform
507:woodland
451:Tasmania
447:Victoria
264:Gaertn.
246:Synonyms
178:Banksia
173:Series:
162:Banksia
146:Banksia
119:Family:
103:Eudicots
3707:7287405
3655:2917604
3489:10 June
3477:Banksia
3166:Banksia
3162:Banksia
3015:3545409
2751:Banksia
2710:Banksia
2655:Banksia
2613:Banksia
2567:Banksia
2542:4111642
2504:4107078
2387:(ed.).
2369:: 1316.
2077:Nuytsia
2070:Banksia
1948:Banksia
1944:Banksia
1941:autonym
1894:Banksia
1877:Banksia
1822:at the
1818:Banksia
1746:Banksia
1695:taproot
1641:), and
1594:), and
1450:Banksia
1442:Ecology
1326:hirsuta
1295:Banksia
1275:Banksia
1268:autonym
1250:Banksia
1232:Banksia
1224:Banksia
1185:Banksia
1125:Banksia
1116:Banksia
1112:Section
1107:Banksia
1098:Banksia
1085:Banksia
1064:as its
1057:Banksia
1048:Banksia
1012:Banksia
998:Banksia
984:Banksia
977:became
967:Banksia
944:Banksia
915:Pimelea
910:G.Forst
903:Banksia
899:Banksia
892:Banksia
805:Banksia
699:Banksia
679:, with
671:to the
606:auricle
564:obovate
547:knobbly
505:or low
477:Banksia
459:Banksia
430:Banksia
421:Cadigal
419:by the
415:and as
411:or the
312:Salisb.
304:serrata
274:Knight
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