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Bank of England note issues

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2075:, and were used internally as "records of movement", for a six-week period (along with other denominations, with total face value of £300,000,000, corresponding to a loan from the US to help shore up HM Treasury. These were cancelled on 6 October 1948, and presumably destroyed, except for the £1,000,000 "Number Seven" and "Number Eight" notes (serial numbers 000007 and 000008), which were given to the British and American Treasury Secretaries. These two have been in private hands since 1977, and most recently, the "Number Eight" was auctioned for £69,000. These are "Treasury Notes" issued on Bank of England paper, and they state: "This Treasury note entitles the Bank of England to payment of one million pounds on demand out of the Consolidated Fund of the United Kingdom." 1180: 2002:. It entered circulation on 2 November 2011 and is the first Bank of England note to feature two portraits on the reverse. The predominant colour of this denomination banknote is red. This note includes a security feature not present in the other denominations (though it is by no means the only security feature in any of the notes). The interwoven thread ("Motion") is a hologram whose image of a green circle with a "£" sign alternates with a green "50" as the note is rotated. If the note is rotated, the image appears to move up and down, in the opposite plane to the rotation. 622: 609: 553: 540: 478: 465: 1238: 394: 381: 2425: 616: 603: 547: 534: 1723: 472: 459: 388: 375: 2439: 2283: 2411: 1889: 2150: 1650: 34: 1961: 1787: 2340:" deals with an impoverished American in London who is given the use of a £1,000,000 Bank of England note for thirty days by two wealthy gentlemen betting whether or not he will be able to survive on a note for which he cannot possibly be given change. He does succeed in surviving on the note's promise to pay and marries one of the bettors' daughters. The story was also made into a 1953 film, 1741:. (Previously the smallest note issued had been £10.) The 1793 design, latterly known as the "white fiver" (black printing on white paper), remained in circulation essentially unchanged until 21 February 1957 when the multicoloured (although predominantly dark blue) "Series B" note, depicting the helmeted Britannia, was introduced. The old "white fiver" was withdrawn on 13 March 1961. 2203: 1935:£50 notes. The design of the £20 note was controversial for two reasons: the choice of a Scottish figure on an English note was a break with tradition; and the removal of Elgar took place in the year of the 150th anniversary of the composer's birth, causing a group of English MPs to table a motion in the 1914:
and the Royal Institution lectures. By 1999 this note had been extensively counterfeited, and therefore it became the first denomination to be replaced on 22 June 1999 by a second Series E design, featuring a bolder denomination figure at the top left of the obverse side, and a reverse side featuring
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began the process which gave the Bank of England exclusive note-issuing powers. Under the Act, no new banks could start issuing notes, and note-issuing banks in England and Wales were barred from expanding their note issue. Gradually, these banks vanished through mergers, closures and take-overs, and
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themselves. However, forgeries (including Bernhard notes) will be retained and destroyed by the Bank. If a suspect note is found to be genuine a full refund by cheque will be made. However, it is a criminal offence to knowingly hold or pass a counterfeit bank note without lawful authority or excuse.
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caused severe gold shortages. It ceased to be produced in 1943. A string of devaluations through the late 1940s and 1950s meant increased demand for notes of higher values than £5 and on the 21 February 1964 a new brown-coloured note was issued in the Series C design. The Series C note was withdrawn
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The initial printing of several million Stephenson notes was destroyed when it was noticed that the wrong year for his death had been printed. The original issue of the Fry banknote was withdrawn after it was found the ink on the serial number could be rubbed off the surface of the note; these notes
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The Bank of England now has a monopoly of note issue in England and Wales, but this has not always been the case. Until the middle of the 19th century, private banks in Great Britain and Ireland were free to issue their own banknotes, and notes issued by provincial banking companies were commonly in
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issued by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland are required to be backed pound for pound by Bank of England notes. High denomination notes, for £1 million ("Giants") and £100 million ("Titans"), were used for this purpose. They were used only internally within the Bank and were never
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The original design of the note was replaced by the Series C design on 17 March 1960, when Queen Elizabeth II agreed to allow the use of her portrait on the notes. The Series C £1 note was withdrawn on 31 May 1979. On 9 February 1978 the Series D design (known as the "Pictorial Series"), featuring
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Banknotes were originally hand-written; although they were partially printed from 1725 onwards, cashiers still had to sign each note and make them payable to someone. Notes were fully printed from 1855. Since 1970, the Bank of England's notes have featured portraits of British historical figures.
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All banknotes, regardless of when they were withdrawn from circulation, may be presented at the Bank of England where they will be exchanged for current banknotes and coins. In practice, commercial banks will accept most banknotes from their customers and negotiate them with the Bank of England
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On 7 June 1990, the Series E £5 note, by now the smallest denomination issued by the Bank, was issued. For the Series E note (known as the "Historical Series") the denomination's colour was changed to a turquoise blue, and the note incorporated design elements to make photocopying and computer
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of the Treasury, and the last Treasury Notes were printed in September 2003. These notes would often get traded to other banks, so they did circulate; this was done without the Bank of England's knowledge, and the notes would be redeemed by the bank on their date of maturity by the bearer. The
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The Bank of England's first £1 note since 1845 was issued on 22 November 1928. This note featured a vignette of Britannia, a feature of the Bank's notes since 1694. The predominant colour was green. Unlike previous notes it, and the contemporaneous ten shilling note, were not dated but their
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and £1 notes; unlike the 1833 Act, this law also applied to Scotland, meaning that Bank of England notes under £5 were classed as legal tender. Due to inflation the Bank of England 10/– note was withdrawn in 1969 and the £1 was removed from circulation in 1988, leaving a legal curiosity in
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on the obverse. The Bank of England introduced its Series G set of banknotes between 2016 and 2021. Following the death of Elizabeth II, the Bank unveiled new notes, in the same design but featuring Charles III, on 20 December 2022. These notes entered circulation on 5 June 2024.
1604:, a feature of the Bank's notes since 1694. The predominant colour was red-brown. Unlike previous notes it, and the contemporaneous £1 note, were not dated but their approximate year of issue can be identified by the signature of the Chief Cashier of the time. In 1940 a metal 1223:
Notes were originally handwritten; although they were partially printed from 1725 onwards, cashiers still had to sign each note and make them payable to someone. Notes were fully printed from 1855, no doubt to the relief of the bank's workers. Until 1928 all notes were the
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began to issue lower denomination £1 and £2 notes in place of gold guineas, that were hoarded as so often was the case in time of war. Confidence in the value of banknotes was rarely affected, except during 1809–11 and 1814–15 under the extreme conditions of war.
1858:, was issued on 14 September 2017. The decision to replace Darwin with Austen followed a campaign to have a woman on the back of a Bank of England banknote when it was announced that the only woman to feature on the back of a note — prison reformer 2100:
would be for one, three, six or, theoretically but not practically, twelve months. The tenders were for the face value of the Treasury Notes, less a discount, which represented the interest rate. This system was replaced by a computerised system by the
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Until her death in 2022, Queen Elizabeth II had appeared on all the notes issued since Series C in 1960. The custom of depicting historical figures on the reverse began in 1970 with Series D, designed by the Bank of England's first permanent artist,
2096:. HM Treasury would manage its cash and ensure that adequate funds were available. London's banks and other financial institutions would bid for these instruments, at a discount, specifying which day the following week they wanted the bills issued. 1744:
The Series B note was replaced in turn on 21 February 1963 by the Series C £5 note which for the first time introduced the portrait of the monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, to the £5 note (the Queen's portrait having first appeared on the Series C ten
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There are currently four different denominations of notes – £5, £10, £20 and £50. Each value has its own distinct colour scheme and the size of each note increases in length and width as the value increases. They all feature a portrait of
2240:, got full details of them from a Russian émigré and reported them to London. Although the Bank considered the existing security measures to be sufficient, in 1940 it released emergency notes with different colour schemes and a magnetic 1930:
with a drawing of a pin factory – the institution which supposedly inspired his theory of economics. Smith is the first Scot to appear on a Bank of England note, although the economist has already appeared on Scottish
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Attempts to restrict banknote issue by banks other than the Bank of England began in 1708 and 1709, when Acts of Parliament were passed which prohibited banking companies of more than six partners or shareholders. Notes under 1
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Series A type, printed in black with a blank reverse. During the 20th century, notes in Series A were issued in denominations between £5 and £1,000, but in the 18th and 19th centuries there were Series A notes for £1 and £2.
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hands at the end of the war and were destroyed, forgeries frequently appeared for years afterwards, so all denominations of banknote above £5 were subsequently removed from circulation. The incident is alluded to in
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After the 1967 sterling devaluation increased demand for a higher denomination notes than £10, the Series D £20 note was introduced on 9 July 1970. The note was predominantly purple and featuring a statue of
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are now very rare and sought by collectors. The Stephenson £5 note was withdrawn as legal tender from 21 November 2003, at which time it formed around 54 million of the 211 million £5 notes in circulation.
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on 2 May 1990, when John Goddard, a messenger for the firm Sheppards, was mugged of £292 million in Treasury bills and certificates of deposit. All but two of these bonds were eventually recovered.
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seen in circulation. They were based on a much older design of banknote, and are A5 and A4 sized respectively. However, the need for these large notes has been obviated by section 217(2)(c) of the
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The Bank of England held money on behalf of other countries and issued Treasury bills to cover such deposits, on Bank of England paper. Examples include a note issued in London on behalf of the
2994: 1215:. Under the terms of the 1844 Act, the bank lost the legal right to issue banknotes when it merged with Lloyds, and the Bank of England became the sole note-issuing bank in England and Wales. 224: 1288:
Banknotes in various denominations have been issued over time. The denominations are listed in this table, using information from the Bank of England's Withdrawn Banknotes Reference Guide:
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The table below shows the notes currently in circulation. Two issue dates are given for each note – the first is for the Elizabeth II issue: the second date is for the Charles III issue.
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and 5 guineas were prohibited in the 1770s and thereafter almost all the provincial banks were established by the more substantial merchants, landed gentry etc. of a town and district.
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on the reverse, was issued. However, like the 10/– note in the 1960s, inflation was quickly making production of the note uneconomic and printing was discontinued in favour of a
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on 21 January 1915, payable on 21 January 1916, for £500,000, and a similar Treasury bill, dated 22 April 1927 and payable on 22 April 1928. These exist in private hands as
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decided it was more useful to use the notes to pay German agents operating throughout Europe, and in 1943 they were producing 500,000 notes monthly. Although most fell into
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on the reverse. In 1994 this denomination was the last of the first Series E issue, when the Bank commemorated its 300th birthday by featuring its first governor, Sir
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banks outside London to issue notes, and also allowed the Bank of England to open branches in major provincial cities, enabling better distribution of its notes.
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The Bank of England's first issue of 10/– and £1 notes in the 20th century was on 22 November 1928 when it took over responsibility for these denominations from
1151: 238: 858: 798: 1158:" in England and Wales, effectively guaranteeing the worth of the Bank's notes and ensuring public confidence in the notes in times of crisis or war. The 2237: 2221:, was a notable forger of English banknotes, and was hanged for the crime in 1812. Several of his forgeries and printing plates are in the collection of 3465: 3002: 1939:
calling for the new design to be delayed. The new note entered circulation on 13 March 2007. The Elgar note ceased to be legal tender on 30 June 2010.
666:. The quotation "This is only a foretaste of what is to come and only the shadow of what is going to be" is from Alan Turing, given in an interview to 3958: 3196: 1692:
was introduced, and the colour of the note was changed to blue and pink for the duration of the Second World War, to combat German counterfeits (see
1827:. This note was withdrawn from circulation on 31 July 2003. A second Series E note was issued on 7 November 2000 featuring naturalist and biologist 2754: 1199:
their note issues went with them. The last privately issued banknotes in Wales were withdrawn in 1908, on the closure of the last Welsh bank, the
2398:, tells the story of three workers at the Bank who come up with a method of stealing from the cages containing old notes waiting to be destroyed. 943: 1752:
On 11 November 1971, the Series D pictorial £5 note was issued, showing a slightly older portrait of the Queen and a battle scene featuring the
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The original plan was to parachute or smuggle the counterfeit notes into Britain in an attempt to destabilise the British economy, but in 1942
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from circulation. The notes issued by the Bank in 1928 were the first coloured banknotes and also the first notes to be printed on both sides.
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On 29 April 1992, a new £10 note in Series E, with orange rather than brown as the dominant colour, was issued. The reverse featured author
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were introduced in the United Kingdom to increase confidence in banknotes in circulation by limiting the rights of banks to issue notes.
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authorised to issue sterling notes in the UK, only the Bank of England can issue banknotes in England and Wales, where its notes are
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Turing is the first LGBT person to feature on a Bank of England banknote. This is the final Series G polymer note to be issued.
2561: 2491: 713:, Sarah John, for notes issued since mid-2018, and depict the British monarch in full view, facing left. They also include the 4472: 4467: 4462: 2671: 838: 3736: 3650: 3365: 588:, the quote "Light is therefore colour" from an 1818 lecture by Turner and a copy of Turner's signature as made on his will. 4457: 4452: 4183: 3057: 1730:
The first Bank of England £5 note was issued in 1793 in response to the need for smaller denomination banknotes to replace
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A third note surfaced on the collector market, dated 8 September 2003 and with the serial number R016492; it is signed by
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reserves, giving rise to the "Restriction period". The Bank was unable to pay out gold for its notes, and so under the
4369: 2046: 2222: 2189: 2072: 1896:£20 notes, in white, appeared in 1725 and continued to be issued until 1943. They ceased to be legal tender in 1945. 1171:
whereby there is now no paper legal tender in Scotland. (Scottish notes were not included in the 1833 or 1954 Acts.)
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attempted to counterfeit various denominations between £5 and £50. Although the plans were classified, in November
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Series A £50 notes appeared in 1725 and continued to be issued until 1943. They ceased to be legal tender in 1945.
1587: 298:. Bank of England notes are not legal tender in Scotland and Northern Ireland, but are always accepted by traders. 115: 3113: 2911: 4263: 2457: 2079: 1666: 291: 2085:
A £10.000,000 Treasury Bill, stamped "cancelled", sold for £17,000 at auction in London on 29 September 2014 by
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reproduction of it more difficult. Initially the reverse of the Series E £5 note featured the railway engineer
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approximate year of issue can be identified by the signature of the Chief Cashier of the time. In 1940 a metal
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on its reverse. On 5 June 1991 this note was replaced by the first Series E £20 note, featuring the physicist
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As part of the planned Series D, which introduced historical figures, a new 10 shilling note featuring
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The Series D pictorial note appeared on 20 February 1975, featuring nurse and public health pioneer
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The limitations specified in Section 11 of the 1844 Act only refer to banks in England and Wales:
2160: 1983:, on the reverse. The old Series D £50 note was withdrawn from circulation on 20 September 1996. 1926:
In February 2006, the Bank announced a new design for the note which featured Scottish economist
1593: 1204: 1184: 111: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4623: 4618: 2018: 4808: 4444: 3263: 2342: 2252: 2214: 1976: 1705: 1612:. The original design of the note was replaced by the Series C design on 12 October 1961, when 621: 608: 584: 575: 552: 539: 477: 464: 4675: 2645: 1764:, but on 21 May 2002 a new Series E note, in a green colour and featuring the prison reformer 1179: 393: 380: 4397: 3156: 2479: 2444: 2314:), a Jewish forger who is put to work forging Bank of England notes on Operation Bernhard in 1195: 706: 3985: 615: 602: 546: 533: 1803: 1280:, higher denomination notes (at the time as high as £1,000) were removed from circulation. 1237: 1188: 825: 714: 4096: 8: 3874: 3764: 3673: 2942: 2697: 1920: 1901: 1848: 1823: 1795: 1631:, was eroding the note's lifespan in circulation and it was decided to replace it with a 1139: 1110: 845: 509: 1608:
was introduced, and the colour of the note was changed to mauve for the duration of the
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and £1 notes issued in 1960). The Series C £5 note was withdrawn on 31 August 1973.
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The first Bank of England £1 note was issued on 2 March 1797 under the direction of
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These images are to scale at 0.7 pixel per millimetre. For table standards, see the
471: 458: 4406: 2395: 2248: 2233: 2133: 2106: 2061: 1999: 1995: 1972: 1906: 1609: 1273: 865: 651: 514: 504: 416: 280: 178: 3726: 3640: 1806:(1820–1910) on the reverse, plus a scene showing her work at the army hospital in 387: 374: 4813: 4561: 4487: 4280: 4018: 3585: 3495: 3203: 3152: 2968: 2859: 2831: 2806: 2701: 2675: 2649: 2620: 2374: 2241: 2086: 1991: 1943: 1932: 1911: 1818: 1689: 1605: 1254: 1060: 930: 910: 722: 579: 518: 432: 252: 204: 89: 48: 3296: 3065: 3024: 2590:"New bank notes with portrait of King Charles III to be unveiled by end of year" 279:
on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales, a process that started with the
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In May 2009, the Bank of England announced a new design in Series F, featuring
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was planned. This was to be issued as a 50 pence note in anticipation of the
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saw a reversal in the trend of warfare creating more notes when, in order to
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Until 2006, these Treasury Notes were issued by the Bank of England, in the
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The Series D £50 note was released on 20 March 1981 featuring the architect
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as smaller denomination notes were needed to replace gold coins during the
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of Britain's currency in 1971. However, inflation, particularly after the
4667: 4227: 2319: 2257: 2006: 1855: 1838: 1811: 1250: 1242: 1212: 1154:, Bank of England notes over £5 in value were first given the status of " 647: 500: 440: 319: 166: 44: 1673:, in response to the need for smaller denomination banknotes to replace 4784: 3121: 2333: 2261: 2174: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2128:
used to guarantee the value of the notes issued by commercial banks in
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This is the Bank of England's first banknote to be printed in polymer.
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of 1844 when the ability of other banks to issue notes was restricted.
94: 1870:. Like the £5 note featuring Churchill, the new £10 note is made from 663:
On Computable Numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem
4232: 3817: 2884: 2881:"De La Rue signs banknote printing contract with the Bank of England" 2390: 2056: 1854:
A newly designed £10 banknote, featuring early 19th-century novelist
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All current Bank of England banknotes are printed by contract with
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The reverse of the note features a photograph of mathematician and
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After the start of the World War II in September 1939 the German
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Some Scottish and Northern Ireland banks still issue £100 notes.
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The first Bank of England £10 note was issued in 1759, when the
33: 503:(c. 1810) by James Andrews, based on a portrait by her sister, 158: 2780: 1596:(10/-) note, which was issued on 22 November 1928, featured a 2202: 1345:£2 notes were issued on the orders of British Prime Minister 3959:"Much appreciated: £500 banknote fetches £24,000 at auction" 3674:"Adam Smith becomes first Scot to adorn an English banknote" 1708:. The note was withdrawn from circulation on 11 March 1988. 1203:. The last private English banknotes were issued in 1921 by 2040: 1734: 1731: 1677: 1674: 1665:
of the Bank of England, and according to the orders of the
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Nine £1 million notes were issued in connection with the
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agreed to allow the use of her portrait on the notes.
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since 1694. In 1921 the Bank of England gained a legal
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on the reverse. It was withdrawn on 29 November 1991.
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The reverse of the note features a portrait of author
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previously, until decimalisation on 15 February 1971,
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displaying a forged £5 note at the Paris première of
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Series A £10 banknote, issued from Manchester in 1919
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p (penny); s or /– (shilling); d (pre-decimal penny)
2310:) tells the story of Salomon Sorowitsch (real name 3136: 2724:"Sir Winston Churchill to feature on new banknote" 2121:, also referred to as Titan, is a non-circulating 1109:Gold shortages in the 18th century, caused by the 660:, and a table of formulae from Turing's 1936 work 3760:"£20 Elgar note withdrawal 'a national disgrace'" 3606: 3080: 2995:"£2 note issued by Evans, Jones, Davies & Co" 1129: 4865: 1726:Series A Bank of England £5 note, issued in 1952 305:, in four denominations – £5, £10, £20 and £50. 3703:. Peter Luff MP. 2 October 2006. Archived from 3550:"Author Jane Austen to feature on new £10 note" 3058:"the Swaledale and Wensleydale Banking Company" 2210:forgery of the Series A Bank of England £5 note 1145: 734:Withdrawn Bank of England notes since Series D 4279: 4009: 4007: 3425: 3017: 2969:"Banknote Designer Harry Eccleston, 1923–2010" 2721: 4248: 3930:"New Alan Turing £50 note design is revealed" 3701:"County MPs join fight for Elgar on £20 note" 2850: 2848: 2367:story was the topic of a comedy drama serial 2021:in 1936, fetched £24,000 at auction in 2023. 1942:A new polymer £20 note, featuring the artist 1091: 301:The Bank of England now issues notes, all in 232: 3814:"Steam engine heroes grace new £50 banknote" 3784: 3294: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3173: 2962: 2960: 2082:, Secretary to the Treasury, and cancelled. 1653:Series A £1 note, issued from London in 1805 709:. They include the printed signature of the 171:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4094: 4066: 4004: 3986:"Bonds and share certificates of the world" 3523:"Which woman should go on a banknote next?" 3225: 3151: 3106: 3055: 2664: 2110:circulating nature of the notes led to the 1162:extended the definition of legal tender to 4255: 4241: 4150: 2845: 239: 225: 55:(blue) using sterling or their local issue 3370: 3170: 3049: 2957: 2873: 2640: 2638: 2480:"Restriction against issue of bank notes" 2190:Learn how and when to remove this message 175:St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 3956: 3950: 3841:"Bank of England to launch new £50 note" 3578:"Why are new banknotes made of polymer?" 3317: 3232:Committee of Scottish Clearing Bankers. 2909: 2350:, and was parodied in a 1998 episode of 2281: 2201: 2041:£1,000,000, £10,000,000 and £100,000,000 1959: 1887: 1785: 1721: 1648: 1236: 1178: 1174: 806:Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington 772: 439:from a 1940 speech by Churchill and the 3922: 3838: 3600: 3570: 3480: 3347: 2935: 2912:"The secret codes of British banknotes" 16:Banknotes issued by the Bank of England 4866: 4262: 4088: 3867: 3839:Stewart, Heather (30 September 2011). 3693: 3671: 3665: 3520: 3428:"New fivers halted as design rubs off" 3376: 3025:"One Guinea Banknote, Birmingham Bank" 2966: 2757:from the original on 14 September 2017 2753:. Bank of England. 14 September 2007. 2743: 2715: 2635: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2492:The National Archives (United Kingdom) 728: 4236: 3978: 3757: 3653:from the original on 5 September 2007 3633: 3468:from the original on 11 December 2008 3453: 3419: 3288: 3197:"Withdrawn Banknotes Reference Guide" 3114:"Cardiff and Merthyr Bank note, 1824" 3094:from the original on 19 November 2007 2617:"King Charles III banknotes unveiled" 2559: 2277: 1084:circulation. Over the years, various 415:The reverse of the note features the 350: 4223:Bank of England: Withdrawn Banknotes 4176: 4124:"William Booth by an unknown artist" 4025:from the original on 15 October 2007 3612:"New £5 notes to be made of plastic" 3397: 3276:from the original on 3 December 2010 3244:from the original on 30 October 2007 3118:Gathering the Jewels/Casglu'r Tlysau 3037:from the original on 18 October 2007 3030:Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery 2587: 2553: 2172:adding citations to reliable sources 2143: 711:Chief Cashier of the Bank of England 308: 4116: 4045:"Britain's £1m and £100m banknotes" 3739:from the original on 7 October 2007 3407:. The Committee of Scottish Bankers 3297:"The Man who printed his own Money" 2588:Kerr, Cameron (27 September 2022). 2581: 2516: 1814:. It was withdrawn on 20 May 1994. 574:The reverse of the note features a 13: 4718: 3902:"Steam giants on new £50 banknote" 3727:"New Adam Smith £20 note launched" 3672:Seager, Ashley (30 October 2006). 2005:A new polymer £50 note, featuring 773:Approved in 1964 but never issued 14: 4900: 4206: 3641:"March launch for Smith £20 note" 3454:McKie, Robin (16 November 2008). 2887:. 13 October 2014. Archived from 2779:. Bank of England. Archived from 2223:Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery 2140:Counterfeited and withdrawn notes 2119:Bank of England £100,000,000 note 2051:Bank of England £100,000,000 note 1964:Series A £50 note, issued in 1934 1892:Series A £20 note, issued in 1934 1257:in 1914 in order to supplant the 1104: 582:(c. 1799), a version of Turner's 4213:Bank of England official website 4097:"1990: £292m City bonds robbery" 4095:Dennis, Jon (18 February 2002). 3957:Grierson, Jamie (1 March 2023). 3882:from the original on 9 July 2010 3794:(Press release). Bank of England 3772:from the original on 2 July 2010 2975:. Numismatic Bibliomania Society 2910:Baraniuk, Chris (25 June 2015). 2722:Peachey, Kevin (26 April 2013). 2453:Currency and Bank Notes Act 1928 2437: 2423: 2409: 2316:Sachsenhausen concentration camp 2148: 1588:Bank of England 10 shilling note 1283: 1218: 1211:bank, when it was bought out by 1160:Currency and Bank Notes Act 1954 1117:, began to affect the supply of 620: 614: 607: 601: 551: 545: 538: 532: 476: 470: 463: 457: 392: 386: 379: 373: 32: 4889:Banknotes of the United Kingdom 4037: 3894: 3861: 3832: 3806: 3758:Adams, Stephen (29 June 2010). 3751: 3719: 3542: 3514: 3488:"New £10 goes into circulation" 3456:"Darwin art strikes wrong note" 3447: 3325:"Fox, Fowler & Co. £5 note" 3256: 2987: 2929: 2903: 2820: 2795: 2769: 2560:Cohen, Li (27 September 2022). 2470: 2363:A fictionalised version of the 2159:needs additional citations for 2047:Bank of England £1,000,000 note 1592:The Bank of England's first 10 1232: 4874:1694 establishments in England 4188:British Oil Security Syndicate 4074:"Lot 5015 29th September 2014" 4015:"Other British Islands' Notes" 3426:Adams, Richard (28 May 2002). 3157:"A brief history of banknotes" 3088:"British Provincial Banknotes" 2938:"Why can't I scan a banknote?" 2936:Maybury, Rick (25 June 2011). 2690: 2609: 2300:The 2007 Austrian-German film 2238:Britain's ambassador to Greece 2019:Bank of England's Leeds branch 2009:, was issued on 23 June 2021. 1866: — was to be replaced by 1130:Restriction of banknote issues 1: 4848:Economy of the United Kingdom 3868:Irvine, Chris (29 May 2009). 2967:Homren, Wayne (30 May 2010). 2672:"How to check your banknotes" 2509: 2071:on 30 August 1948, signed by 1115:war with Revolutionary France 139:(currently) £5, £10, £20, £50 4795:British Overseas Territories 3379:"History of Lloyds TSB Bank" 3295:Stamp, A. H. (1 June 2001). 1304: 1146:Introduction of legal tender 1052: 1032: 1007: 987: 967: 942: 922: 902: 882: 857: 837: 817: 797: 777: 760: 690:banknote specification table 654:, with an image of Turing's 269:British Overseas Territories 53:British overseas territories 7: 3792:"The new £20 note unveiled" 3358:The First Industrial Nation 2402: 2338:The Million Pound Bank Note 2244:running through the paper. 2024: 2017:A £500 note, issued by the 1904:and the balcony scene from 696: 22:Bank of England note issues 10: 4905: 4218:Bank of England: Banknotes 4158:"Exchanging old banknotes" 2751:"The new £10 note is here" 2358:The Trouble with Trillions 2044: 1953: 1881: 1874:rather than cotton paper. 1779: 1715: 1642: 1585: 1201:North and South Wales Bank 1092:Provincial banknote issues 1078: 657:Automatic Computing Engine 265:British Crown Dependencies 116:pre-decimal penny sterling 4827: 4800:(at parity with sterling) 4793: 4765: 4708: 4666: 4632: 4611: 4607: 4600:Danske Bank/Northern Bank 4598: 4560: 4550: 4526: 4495: 4486: 4443: 4405: 4396: 4362: 4321: 4288: 4270: 2388:The 2001 British TV film 2031:Royal Romanian Government 1739:French Revolutionary Wars 1682:French Revolutionary Wars 1629:1967 sterling devaluation 1351:French Revolutionary Wars 1241:Obverse side of the 10/– 1123:Bank Restriction Act 1797 1027: 962: 877: 738: 359: 356: 353: 347: 342: 339: 336: 220: 210: 200: 195: 185: 152: 147: 135: 130: 122: 100: 88: 84: 79: 71: 64: 26: 2463: 2324:The Counterfeiter's Tale 1956:Bank of England £50 note 1884:Bank of England £20 note 1849:finches and mockingbirds 1782:Bank of England £10 note 1671:William Pitt the Younger 1347:William Pitt the Younger 1150:With the passing of the 1136:Country Bankers Act 1826 4132:Birmingham City Council 3264:"Bank Charter Act 1844" 2012: 1718:Bank of England £5 note 1645:Bank of England £1 note 1581: 1205:Fox, Fowler and Company 1185:Fox, Fowler and Company 4809:Falkland Islands pound 4445:Royal Bank of Scotland 4228:Bank of England Museum 3360:, Routledge, pp. 326, 3304:Country Quest Magazine 3238:Country Quest Magazine 2343:The Million Pound Note 2296: 2211: 2103:Debt Management Office 1965: 1949: 1946:, was issued in 2020. 1893: 1877: 1791: 1775: 1727: 1654: 1246: 1191: 1183:£5 note issued by the 585:The Fighting Temeraire 2484:Bank Charter Act 1844 2445:United Kingdom portal 2336:'s 1893 short story " 2285: 2205: 1963: 1891: 1789: 1725: 1711: 1652: 1638: 1455:Still in circulation 1403:Still in circulation 1377:Still in circulation 1364:Still in circulation 1240: 1196:Bank Charter Act 1844 1182: 1175:Note-issuing monopoly 513:, an illustration of 4884:Banknotes of England 3649:. 21 February 2006. 3385:on 17 September 2008 2330:on 15 November 2015. 2168:improve this article 1851:, not hummingbirds. 1804:Florence Nightingale 1189:Wellington, Somerset 866:Sir Christopher Wren 826:Florence Nightingale 715:EURion constellation 4076:. 29 September 2014 3875:The Daily Telegraph 3820:. 30 September 2011 3765:The Daily Telegraph 3269:. Bank of England. 3124:on 18 November 2007 2943:The Daily Telegraph 2891:on 31 December 2014 2783:on 8 September 2017 2646:"Current banknotes" 2318:. On 13 March 2009 2035:cancelled specimens 1977:St Paul's Cathedral 1921:Worcester Cathedral 1902:William Shakespeare 1824:The Pickwick Papers 1292: 1152:Bank Notes Act 1833 963:Series E (Variant) 846:William Shakespeare 735: 729:Withdrawn banknotes 510:Pride and Prejudice 333: 255:, which is now the 23: 4819:Saint Helena pound 4767:Crown Dependencies 4712:(no longer issued) 4554:(currently issued) 4264:Sterling banknotes 4128:Digital Handsworth 3992:. 28 November 2013 3610:(14 August 2014). 3005:on 18 January 2012 2623:. 20 December 2022 2541:. 21 February 2024 2458:Sterling banknotes 2431:Numismatics portal 2365:Operation Bernhard 2312:Salomon Smolianoff 2303:The Counterfeiters 2297: 2278:In popular culture 2230:Operation Bernhard 2212: 2208:Operation Bernhard 2112:City bonds robbery 1966: 1894: 1792: 1754:Duke of Wellington 1728: 1655: 1621:Sir Walter Raleigh 1614:Queen Elizabeth II 1291: 1247: 1192: 1086:Acts of Parliament 1072:30 September 2022 1048:30 September 2022 873:20 September 1996 769:Sir Walter Raleigh 733: 645:computer scientist 329: 21: 4861: 4860: 4802: 4761: 4760: 4704: 4703: 4662: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4392: 4391: 4388: 4387: 4272:England and Wales 4054:. 26 January 2013 3735:. 13 March 2007. 3707:on 25 August 2006 3608:Press Association 3366:978-0-415-26672-7 3335:on 2 October 2011 3068:on 13 August 2009 3056:Lobley, Malcolm. 2883:(Press release). 2200: 2199: 2192: 1915:the composer Sir 1868:Winston Churchill 1844:Origin of Species 1821:and a scene from 1762:George Stephenson 1579: 1578: 1076: 1075: 938:28 February 2001 898:21 November 2003 891:George Stephenson 813:29 November 1991 693: 685: 684: 672:on 11 June 1949. 652:Elliott & Fry 524:14 September 2017 446:13 September 2016 421:Winston Churchill 331:Current banknotes 309:Current banknotes 249: 248: 190:England and Wales 143: 142: 112:shilling sterling 60: 59: 4896: 4838: 4798: 4716: 4715: 4710:Northern Ireland 4609: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4558: 4557: 4552:Northern Ireland 4493: 4492: 4407:Bank of Scotland 4403: 4402: 4286: 4285: 4277: 4276: 4257: 4250: 4243: 4234: 4233: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4190:. 9 October 2015 4180: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4134:. 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February 2020 4162:Bank of England 4156: 4155: 4151: 4141: 4139: 4138:on 3 April 2012 4122: 4121: 4117: 4107: 4105: 4093: 4089: 4079: 4077: 4072: 4071: 4067: 4057: 4055: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4028: 4026: 4019:Bank of England 4013: 4012: 4005: 3995: 3993: 3990:Spink & Son 3984: 3983: 3979: 3969: 3967: 3955: 3951: 3941: 3939: 3938:. 25 March 2021 3928: 3927: 3923: 3913: 3911: 3900: 3899: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3866: 3862: 3852: 3850: 3837: 3833: 3823: 3821: 3812: 3811: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3790: 3789: 3785: 3775: 3773: 3756: 3752: 3742: 3740: 3725: 3724: 3720: 3710: 3708: 3699: 3698: 3694: 3684: 3682: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3654: 3639: 3638: 3634: 3624: 3622: 3605: 3601: 3591: 3589: 3586:Bank of England 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3533: 3531: 3519: 3515: 3505: 3503: 3496:Bank of England 3486: 3485: 3481: 3471: 3469: 3452: 3448: 3438: 3436: 3424: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3403: 3402: 3398: 3388: 3386: 3375: 3371: 3352: 3348: 3338: 3336: 3323: 3322: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3299: 3293: 3289: 3279: 3277: 3273: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3230: 3226: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3204:Bank of England 3199: 3195: 3194: 3171: 3161: 3159: 3153:Bank of England 3150: 3137: 3127: 3125: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3097: 3095: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3054: 3050: 3040: 3038: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3008: 3006: 2993: 2992: 2988: 2978: 2976: 2965: 2958: 2948: 2946: 2934: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2908: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2864: 2862: 2860:Bank of England 2854: 2853: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2832:Bank of England 2826: 2825: 2821: 2811: 2809: 2807:Bank of England 2801: 2800: 2796: 2786: 2784: 2775: 2774: 2770: 2760: 2758: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2734: 2732: 2720: 2716: 2706: 2704: 2702:Bank of England 2696: 2695: 2691: 2681: 2679: 2678:. February 2020 2676:Bank of England 2670: 2669: 2665: 2655: 2653: 2652:. February 2020 2650:Bank of England 2644: 2643: 2636: 2626: 2624: 2621:Bank of England 2615: 2614: 2610: 2600: 2598: 2586: 2582: 2572: 2570: 2558: 2554: 2544: 2542: 2531: 2530: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2506: 2496: 2494: 2478: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2466: 2443: 2438: 2436: 2429: 2424: 2422: 2415: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2381:) broadcast on 2375:Michael Elphick 2280: 2242:security thread 2196: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2165: 2153: 2142: 2087:Dix Noonan Webb 2080:Andrew Turnbull 2053: 2045:Main articles: 2043: 2027: 2015: 1992:Matthew Boulton 1958: 1952: 1944:J. M. W. 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Turner 550: 537: 526: 525: 519:Godmersham Park 475: 462: 448: 447: 433:Blenheim Palace 431:, the maze at 429:Elizabeth Tower 391: 378: 344: 332: 311: 253:Bank of England 245: 205:Bank of England 186:Legal Tender in 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 109: 90:Currency symbol 56: 49:Channel Islands 37: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4902: 4892: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4843:Sterling coins 4840: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4805: 4803: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4775:Guernsey pound 4771: 4769: 4763: 4762: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4724: 4722: 4713: 4706: 4705: 4702: 4701: 4699: 4698: 4693: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4672: 4670: 4664: 4663: 4660: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4636: 4634: 4630: 4629: 4627: 4626: 4621: 4615: 4613: 4602: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4566: 4564: 4555: 4548: 4547: 4544: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4537: 4536: 4530: 4528: 4524: 4523: 4521: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4499: 4497: 4490: 4484: 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2379:Ian Richardson 2370:Private Schulz 2361: 2331: 2295:, January 2008 2279: 2276: 2198: 2197: 2156: 2154: 2147: 2141: 2138: 2094:City of London 2042: 2039: 2026: 2023: 2014: 2011: 1954:Main article: 1951: 1948: 1882:Main article: 1879: 1876: 1829:Charles Darwin 1780:Main article: 1777: 1774: 1768:, was issued. 1716:Main article: 1713: 1710: 1643:Main article: 1640: 1637: 1625:decimalisation 1586:Main article: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1568: 1564: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1538: 1537: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1485: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1472: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1411: 1407: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1381: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1368: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1354: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1285: 1282: 1278:combat forgery 1263:half-sovereign 1234: 1231: 1220: 1217: 1176: 1173: 1147: 1144: 1131: 1128: 1106: 1105:Gold shortages 1103: 1093: 1090: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1058: 1055: 1050: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1038: 1035: 1030: 1029: 1025: 1024: 1021: 1018: 1013: 1010: 1005: 1004: 1001: 998: 996:Charles Darwin 993: 990: 985: 984: 981: 978: 973: 970: 965: 964: 960: 959: 958:30 April 2014 956: 953: 948: 945: 940: 939: 936: 933: 928: 925: 920: 919: 916: 913: 908: 905: 900: 899: 896: 893: 888: 885: 880: 879: 875: 874: 871: 868: 863: 860: 855: 854: 853:19 March 1993 851: 848: 843: 840: 835: 834: 831: 828: 823: 820: 815: 814: 811: 808: 803: 800: 795: 794: 793:11 March 1988 791: 788: 783: 780: 775: 774: 771: 766: 763: 758: 757: 754: 751: 748: 745: 741: 740: 730: 727: 698: 695: 683: 682: 679: 673: 641: 638: 636: 633: 630: 625: 612: 598: 597: 595: 589: 572: 569: 567: 564: 561: 556: 543: 529: 528: 522: 517:and a view of 497: 494: 492: 489: 486: 481: 468: 454: 453: 450: 444: 413: 410: 408: 405: 402: 397: 384: 370: 369: 366: 362: 361: 358: 355: 354:Reverse figure 352: 349: 346: 341: 338: 330: 310: 307: 271:, has issued 261:United Kingdom 247: 246: 244: 243: 236: 229: 221: 218: 217: 212: 208: 207: 202: 198: 197: 193: 192: 187: 183: 182: 156:United Kingdom 154: 150: 149: 145: 144: 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 128: 127: 124: 123:Subunit symbol 120: 119: 106:penny sterling 102: 98: 97: 92: 82: 81: 77: 76: 73: 69: 68: 62: 61: 58: 57: 41:United Kingdom 38: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4901: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4854: 4853:Sterling area 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4833: 4832: 4830: 4826: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4796: 4792: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4764: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4711: 4707: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4665: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4637: 4635: 4631: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612:Current issue 4610: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4597: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4553: 4549: 4535: 4532: 4531: 4529: 4525: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4496:Current issue 4494: 4491: 4489: 4485: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4450: 4448: 4446: 4442: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4395: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4361: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4326: 4324: 4320: 4314: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4304: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4258: 4253: 4251: 4246: 4244: 4239: 4238: 4235: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4210: 4189: 4185: 4179: 4163: 4159: 4153: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4119: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4091: 4075: 4069: 4053: 4051: 4046: 4040: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4010: 4008: 3991: 3987: 3981: 3966: 3965: 3960: 3953: 3937: 3936: 3931: 3925: 3910:. 30 May 2009 3909: 3908: 3903: 3897: 3881: 3877: 3876: 3871: 3864: 3848: 3847: 3842: 3835: 3819: 3815: 3809: 3793: 3787: 3771: 3767: 3766: 3761: 3754: 3738: 3734: 3733: 3728: 3722: 3706: 3702: 3696: 3681: 3680: 3675: 3668: 3652: 3648: 3647: 3642: 3636: 3621: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3603: 3587: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3545: 3530: 3529: 3524: 3517: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3467: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3450: 3435: 3434: 3429: 3422: 3406: 3400: 3384: 3380: 3373: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3354:Peter Mathias 3350: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3320: 3305: 3298: 3291: 3272: 3265: 3259: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3228: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3158: 3154: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3109: 3093: 3089: 3083: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3052: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3020: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2990: 2974: 2970: 2963: 2961: 2945: 2944: 2939: 2932: 2917: 2913: 2906: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2876: 2861: 2857: 2851: 2849: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2808: 2804: 2798: 2782: 2778: 2772: 2756: 2752: 2746: 2731: 2730: 2725: 2718: 2703: 2699: 2693: 2677: 2673: 2667: 2651: 2647: 2641: 2639: 2622: 2618: 2612: 2597: 2596: 2591: 2584: 2569: 2568: 2563: 2556: 2540: 2539: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2515: 2493: 2489: 2488:HM Government 2485: 2481: 2473: 2469: 2459: 2456: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2446: 2435: 2432: 2421: 2418: 2407: 2397: 2393: 2392: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2366: 2362: 2359: 2355: 2354: 2349: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2328:Radio 4 Extra 2325: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2304: 2299: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2284: 2275: 2271: 2269: 2268: 2263: 2259: 2254: 2250: 2245: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2220: 2219:Staffordshire 2216: 2215:William Booth 2209: 2204: 2194: 2191: 2183: 2180:February 2016 2173: 2169: 2163: 2162: 2157:This section 2155: 2151: 2146: 2145: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2124: 2120: 2115: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2099: 2095: 2090: 2088: 2083: 2081: 2076: 2074: 2073:E. E. Bridges 2070: 2069:Marshall Plan 2065: 2063: 2058: 2052: 2048: 2038: 2036: 2032: 2022: 2020: 2010: 2008: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1962: 1957: 1947: 1945: 1940: 1938: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1922: 1918: 1913: 1909: 1908: 1903: 1897: 1890: 1885: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1860:Elizabeth Fry 1857: 1852: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1840: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1826: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1800: 1797: 1788: 1783: 1773: 1769: 1767: 1766:Elizabeth Fry 1763: 1757: 1755: 1750: 1748: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1724: 1719: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1697: 1695: 1691: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1659:Thomas Raikes 1651: 1646: 1636: 1634: 1633:50 pence coin 1630: 1626: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1589: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1308: 1301: 1299:First issued 1298: 1296:Denomination 1295: 1294: 1289: 1284:Denominations 1281: 1279: 1275: 1270: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1244: 1239: 1230: 1227: 1226:monochromatic 1219:Note printing 1216: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1197: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1172: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1143: 1141: 1138:allowed some 1137: 1127: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1102: 1100: 1089: 1087: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1047: 1045:13 March 2007 1044: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1026: 1023:20 June 2010 1022: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1003:1 March 2018 1002: 999: 997: 994: 991: 989: 986: 982: 979: 977: 976:Elizabeth Fry 974: 971: 969: 966: 961: 957: 955:20 April 1994 954: 952: 949: 946: 944: 941: 937: 934: 932: 929: 926: 924: 921: 918:31 July 2003 917: 915:29 April 1992 914: 912: 909: 906: 904: 901: 897: 894: 892: 889: 886: 884: 881: 876: 872: 870:20 March 1981 869: 867: 864: 861: 859: 856: 852: 849: 847: 844: 841: 839: 836: 832: 829: 827: 824: 821: 819: 816: 812: 809: 807: 804: 801: 799: 796: 792: 789: 787: 784: 781: 779: 776: 770: 767: 764: 762: 759: 755: 752: 749: 746: 743: 742: 737: 726: 724: 718: 716: 712: 708: 707:Debden, Essex 704: 694: 691: 680: 674: 671: 670: 665: 664: 659: 658: 653: 649: 646: 642: 639: 637: 634: 631: 629: 626: 623: 617: 613: 610: 604: 600: 599: 596: 590: 587: 586: 581: 577: 576:Self-portrait 573: 570: 568: 565: 562: 560: 557: 554: 548: 544: 541: 535: 531: 530: 523: 520: 516: 512: 511: 506: 502: 498: 495: 493: 490: 487: 485: 482: 479: 473: 469: 466: 460: 456: 455: 451: 445: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 417:1941 portrait 414: 411: 409: 406: 403: 401: 398: 395: 389: 385: 382: 376: 372: 371: 367: 364: 363: 345:(millimetres) 335: 327: 324: 321: 317: 306: 304: 299: 297: 293: 288: 284: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 242: 237: 235: 230: 228: 223: 222: 219: 216: 213: 209: 206: 203: 199: 194: 191: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 155: 151: 146: 138: 136:Denominations 134: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 107: 103: 99: 96: 93: 91: 87: 83: 80:Denominations 78: 74: 70: 67: 63: 54: 50: 46: 42: 35: 30: 29: 25: 19: 4799: 4780:Jersey pound 4633:Discontinued 4527:Discontinued 4380:£100,000,000 4322:Discontinued 4289: 4271: 4192:. Retrieved 4187: 4178: 4166:. Retrieved 4161: 4152: 4140:. Retrieved 4136:the original 4127: 4118: 4106:. Retrieved 4102:The Guardian 4100: 4090: 4078:. Retrieved 4068: 4056:. Retrieved 4048: 4039: 4027:. Retrieved 3994:. Retrieved 3980: 3968:. Retrieved 3964:The Guardian 3962: 3952: 3940:. Retrieved 3933: 3924: 3912:. Retrieved 3905: 3896: 3884:. Retrieved 3873: 3863: 3851:. Retrieved 3846:The Guardian 3844: 3834: 3822:. Retrieved 3808: 3796:. Retrieved 3786: 3774:. Retrieved 3763: 3753: 3741:. Retrieved 3730: 3721: 3709:. Retrieved 3705:the original 3695: 3683:. Retrieved 3679:The Guardian 3677: 3667: 3655:. Retrieved 3644: 3635: 3623:. Retrieved 3615: 3602: 3590:. Retrieved 3581: 3572: 3560:. Retrieved 3553: 3544: 3532:. Retrieved 3526: 3521:Judah, Sam. 3516: 3504:. Retrieved 3500:the original 3491: 3482: 3470:. Retrieved 3461:The Observer 3459: 3449: 3437:. Retrieved 3433:The Guardian 3431: 3421: 3409:. Retrieved 3399: 3387:. 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Retrieved 2483: 2472: 2417:Money portal 2389: 2368: 2353:The Simpsons 2351: 2348:Gregory Peck 2341: 2323: 2308:Die Fälscher 2307: 2301: 2292:Die Fälscher 2290: 2287:Adolf Burger 2272: 2265: 2246: 2227: 2213: 2186: 2177: 2166:Please help 2161:verification 2158: 2116: 2091: 2084: 2077: 2066: 2054: 2028: 2016: 2004: 1985: 1981:John Houblon 1970: 1967: 1941: 1925: 1917:Edward Elgar 1905: 1898: 1895: 1853: 1842: 1832: 1822: 1816: 1801: 1793: 1770: 1758: 1751: 1743: 1729: 1702:Isaac Newton 1698: 1686: 1656: 1618: 1591: 1507:Before 1803 1494:Before 1803 1481:Before 1803 1468:Before 1803 1302:Last issued 1287: 1271: 1251:the Treasury 1248: 1233:20th century 1222: 1193: 1156:legal tender 1149: 1133: 1119:gold bullion 1108: 1095: 1082: 1020:22 June 1999 833:20 May 1994 719: 700: 686: 678:5 June 2024 675:23 June 2021 667: 662: 655: 594:5 June 2024 583: 527:5 June 2024 508: 449:5 June 2024 435:, the quote 425:Yousuf Karsh 325: 316:Elizabeth II 312: 300: 296:legal tender 289: 285: 257:central bank 250: 148:Demographics 18: 4668:Ulster Bank 4375:£10,000,000 4194:24 February 4168:24 February 4108:12 December 3625:31 December 3506:3 September 3472:17 November 3439:31 December 3405:"Banknotes" 3217:23 November 2973:The E-Sylum 2949:19 December 2921:24 February 2895:31 December 2682:24 February 2656:23 February 2545:21 February 2497:12 December 2394:, starring 2320:BBC Radio 4 2258:Ian Fleming 2217:, of South 2007:Alan Turing 1856:Jane Austen 1839:hummingbird 1812:Crimean War 1810:during the 1737:during the 1680:during the 1213:Lloyds Bank 1140:joint-stock 983:5 May 2017 980:21 May 2002 935:5 June 1991 895:7 June 1990 850:9 July 1970 648:Alan Turing 501:Jane Austen 441:Nobel Prize 357:Issue dates 351:Main colour 320:Charles III 292:eight banks 167:Isle of Man 114:(1/20) and 45:Isle of Man 4868:Categories 4837:(currency) 4785:Manx pound 4370:£1,000,000 4142:5 December 4058:26 January 3878:. London. 3798:10 October 3768:. London. 3743:10 October 3711:10 October 3657:10 October 3592:27 October 3464:. 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Index


United Kingdom
Isle of Man
Channel Islands
British overseas territories
ISO 4217
Currency symbol
£
penny sterling
shilling sterling
pre-decimal penny sterling
Jersey
Guernsey
Isle of Man
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Tristan da Cunha
England and Wales
Bank of England
De La Rue
v
t
e
Bank of England
central bank
United Kingdom
British Crown Dependencies
British Overseas Territories
banknotes
monopoly

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