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95:. There are many lava tubes and several ice caves in the area including Giant Ice Cave. One has been developed as a commercial ice cave near the Candelaria Trading Post. Lava tubes in the area, "some dating back 115,000 years, formed a network of underground tubes stretching for 17 miles — the longest such system in the continental United States."
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with an internal temperature significantly less than above-ground summertime ambient temperature; it contains perennial ice. The inside temperatures can fluctuate between −1 and 10 °C (31 and 50 °F). Some areas of the
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Laughlin, A. William; Poths, Jane; Healey, Heather A.; Reneau, Steven; WoldeGabriel, Giday (February 1, 1994). "Dating of
Quaternary basalts using the cosmogenic 3He and 14C methods with implications for excess 40Ar".
189:"Overview Geology References Pahoehoe Features Lava Tubes A-a Features & Ice Cave Cinder Cone Features of the Bandera Crater flow, Including Aa Lava & Ice Caves"
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The eruption produced numerous formations in addition to lava tubes including a cinder cone, collapse pits, spatter cones and
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over the past million years. The crater's cinder cone is 900-feet high reaching 8,309 feet above sea level.
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eruption sometime between 9,500 and 10,900 years ago, during one of the many basaltic eruptions in the
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10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0135:DOQBUT>2.3.CO;2
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111:. The cave's location is N34° 59.556', W108° 04.926'.
244:. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
191:. New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
242:"Geologic Background Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field"
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270:"Into a Lava-Lined Underworld Near Albuquerque"
103:The cave system is located in the El Malpais
52:never reach above freezing. For years, local
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268:Benanav, Michael (August 28, 2014).
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16:Lava tube system in New Mexico
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56:used the cave to store food.
164:Descension into the Ice Cave
109:El Malpais National Monument
79:Ice Cave and Bandera Volcano
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91:which is more viscous than
70:Zuni-Bandera volcanic field
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107:within the boundaries of
30:Bandera Volcano Ice Cave
87:. The type of lava is
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25:Zuni-Bandera Ice Cave)
345:Geology of New Mexico
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306:34.9916°N 108.0829°W
272:. The New York Times
330:Caves of New Mexico
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311:34.9916; -108.0829
152:Down in the Depths
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34:Zuni Ice Cave
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274:. Retrieved
246:. Retrieved
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297:108°04′58″W
340:Lava tubes
335:Lava caves
324:Categories
294:34°59′30″N
170:References
105:lava field
85:lava spine
45:New Mexico
276:August 5,
248:August 5,
195:August 5,
38:lava tube
128:Ice Cold
99:Location
93:pāhoehoe
50:ice cave
213:Geology
115:Gallery
60:Geology
36:, is a
278:2020
250:2020
197:2020
89:ʻAʻā
41:cave
221:doi
43:in
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