554:
joining the crusade, but was persuaded by Peter to take the cross and to preach the crusade, arguing that it was the archbishop's duty to defend "the vineyard of the Lord of Hosts". Baldwin preached the crusade with
Gilbert of Glanville, bishop of Rochester, at Henry's council at Geddington and in April 1188, Baldwin was in Wales on a tour attempting to secure support for the king's crusade, and was forcing his servants and followers to exercise on foot up and down hills in preparation for the journey to the Holy Land. He spent most of the year in Wales, preaching the crusade, accompanied by the chronicler Gerald of Wales. Gerald claimed about 3000 recruits for the crusade from his and Baldwin's efforts in Wales, although he also suggested that Baldwin mainly embarked on the tour to avoid his dispute with the Canterbury monks.
734:, who in turn were being besieged by Saladin. As joint commander of the Angevin advance force, Baldwin is described as leading some 200 knights and 300 men-at-arms under the banner of Saint Thomas Becket. Their arrival seemingly revitalised the besiegers' offensive spirit. On 12 November, immediately after the feast of Saint Martin, a significant crusader attack was launched. It is quite possible that the archbishop was already unwell and that participation in the offensive may have contributed to his death a week later. Alongside the other bishops, Baldwin absolved the crusaders before the attack and it is likely that he joined the Angevin forces and
51:
594:
338:, the Bishop of Worcester, who John had heard was speaking badly of Becket. John's purpose seems to have been to have Baldwin pass along a warning from Becket to Roger about his behaviour; John was a supporter of Becket's during the latter's exile. In 1169 Baldwin was once again peripherally involved in the Becket dispute, when he objected to Becket's excommunication of a number of noblemen and clergy for opposing Becket's cause. Baldwin's objection was not so much that they were excommunicated, but that no warning had been given that such an action was contemplated.
804:, supported Conrad. Isabella and Humphrey's marriage was forcibly annulled. Baldwin, already ailing, attempted to excommunicate everyone involved in the annulment, but he died on 19 November 1190. He wrote his will shortly before his death, and died surrounded by his followers on the crusade. Hubert Walter assumed the leadership of the English forces, and also became Baldwin's executor. Walter paid the wages of some soldiers and knights from Baldwin's estate, and distributed the rest of the money to the poor.
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294:, who was Bishop of Exeter from 1138 to 1155, had sent Baldwin to Italy to study law. Baldwin was also said to have taught at Exeter, although this is not substantiated by any contemporary record. In 1150 or 1151 Pope Eugene III appointed him tutor to Eugene's nephew. By 1155 Baldwin seems to have returned to England, where he joined the household of
711:
the king did not trust. Baldwin was not a member or close associate of the
Glanvill faction, so most likely he was sent ahead to look after the king's interests, whatever the reasons for the inclusion of his companions. Another concern may have been to get help to the Kingdom of Jerusalem as quickly as possible after the king learned of
611:, travelled to Canterbury in an attempt to end the controversy before the papacy become involved. Richard finally settled the dispute by persuading Baldwin to abandon his church-building project and to dismiss Norreys. Soon after this, Richard left England and Baldwin declared that he was going to found the proposed church at
858:) that were not in the original publication. It appears that originally there were 33 sermons, with the others now lost. The sermons survive in 12 manuscripts, although only 5 are collections of substantial numbers of the works. None of the surviving manuscripts has a complete collection of the 22 sermons.
1012:, instead of Totnes, but this is an error, probably stemming from the fact that John of Salisbury addressed him with that title. The general practice of the time, however, was to address all the archdeacons of a diocese as archdeacons of that diocese, rather than by their more specific territorial title.
518:
710:
on 16 September 1190. Richard did not arrive in Syria until 1191. It is unclear exactly why they were sent ahead of the king; perhaps it was to look out for the king's interests while
Richard took a more leisurely route, or perhaps to rid the king's entourage of a family grouping around Glanvill that
495:
saw this proposed foundation as the first step in an attempt to change the see of
Canterbury from a monastic cathedral chapter, a peculiarity of the English Church, to the more normal pattern of secular clergy. It is not clear if Baldwin himself intended such a plan, but the other bishops supported
963:
Baldwin's long-running dispute with his cathedral chapter caused the chronicler
Gervase of Canterbury to characterise him as "a greater enemy to Christianity than Saladin." Another contemporary, Gerald of Wales, praised Baldwin as "distinguished for his learning and religion", but also said he was
946:
stated that
Baldwin was "one of the greatest English decretalists". His work was more influential in his inspiration and support for the development of decretal collections, rather than in terms of the actual influence of his judicial decisions themselves. Another collection of writings associated
749:. Sibylla, a first cousin of Henry II, and her two young daughters all died in July from an epidemic ravaging the siege camp where they were living. This left Guy without a legal claim to the kingdom as he had held the kingship through his wife. The heiress to the kingdom was Sibylla's half-sister
553:
Baldwin took the cross, or vowed to go on crusade, along with King Henry and many others in
January 1188, or when he began his preaching campaign on 11 February 1188 to drum up support for the Third Crusade. According to the archbishop's secretary, Peter of Blois, Baldwin was initially opposed to
483:, who resented Baldwin's attempts to impose stricter control over them and disputed the legitimacy of Baldwin's election. For his part, Baldwin did not approve of the luxurious and pampered life the monks of Christ Church lived, and felt that they profited too much from the cult of Thomas Becket.
938:
into which the work was divided, an innovation that allowed for much more efficient use of the collection. It is likely that the compiler was one of
Baldwin's clerks, and that this testified to Baldwin's continuing interest in canon law. The manuscript itself was likely owned either by Baldwin
504:, who advised Baldwin to abandon the plan as it would only cause distress to all parties. The controversy was long and involved and, at one point, the monks were imprisoned within their own buildings for a year and a half, from January 1188 to August 1189. This led to the suspension of the
557:
A side effect of
Baldwin's tour of Wales was the implied assertion of royal authority in a section of Henry's domains that had always been somewhat fractious. Baldwin was also asserting his ecclesiastical authority over the Welsh bishops, especially when he made a point of celebrating
242:, who was so impressed he insisted that Baldwin become archbishop. In that office, Baldwin quarrelled with his cathedral clergy over the founding of a church, which led to the imprisonment of the clergy in their cloister for more than a year. Baldwin spent some time in Wales with
513:
as the chapter's prior, an appointment widely acknowledged by contemporaries as putting a useless individual into the office. His plan for financing the church involved soliciting contributions from donors by promising a one-third reduction in penances for annual donations.
606:
After the death of Henry II, and the accession of
Richard as king, the monks of Christ Church Priory petitioned Richard to intercede in the long-running dispute between them and the archbishop. In November 1189, Richard and the whole court, including the Queen Mother
1082:
The surviving manuscripts are classified by David Bell, who edited them, into two groups: major and minor. The major ones are categorised by Bell as P, T, T, L, and C. The minor ones are S, A, Pr, P, P, Ca, and O. The P (P, P, and P) manuscripts are in Paris at the
823:, is Baldwin's longest surviving work, in 12 manuscripts. It also includes a discussion of martyrdom that reads much like a vindication of Becket's status as a martyr. It was first printed in 1662, and has more recently been edited and published in the series
573:
Baldwin was with King Henry shortly before the latter's death, taking part in unsuccessful efforts to negotiate a truce with Henry's heir, Prince Richard, who had rebelled against his father. After Henry's death, Richard sought and obtained
448:, but none of them found favour with the English bishops. Instead, the prelates selected the king's choice, Baldwin. The selection of Baldwin took place only after a dispute between the members of the cathedral chapter of Canterbury and the
934:'s decretals it includes a number of letters from the papacy addressed to Baldwin as Bishop of Worcester and as Archbishop of Canterbury. Although the main contents are unexceptional, the compiler of the work numbered the books and
947:
with Baldwin is the correspondence relating to his dispute with the Christ Church monks. The documents relating to this dispute, which dragged on into the archbishopric of Hubert Walter, are published in one whole volume of the
909:
at Christ Church in the 16th century. Some of Baldwin's letters existed in manuscript form, although they appear never to have circulated as a collection, but they are no longer extant. One of his letters is mentioned in a
286:'s story, that he was from an even humbler background, has been shown by modern scholarship to stem from bias on the medieval chronicler's part. It is possible that he studied at Bologna in the 1150s with the future Pope
976:
called Baldwin a "distinguished scholar and deeply religious man, was injudicious and too austere to be a good leader." Baldwin was also known as a theologian, as well as being a canon lawyer. His clerk and nephew,
831:, that only survives in two manuscripts, although another five are known to have existed. One of the missing manuscripts survived until at least the mid-1600s, as it formed the basis of the first printed edition of
333:
in his dispute with the king, urging Baldwin to influence the bishop to increase his support, and not to sign any appeal by the English bishops against Becket. Other letters from John dealt with rumours concerning
929:
as Royal MS 10.A.ii. This collection may have belonged to Baldwin. It was probably compiled at Worcester Cathedral before December 1184, when Baldwin went to Canterbury, and besides a basic collection of Pope
486:
The dispute escalated when Baldwin deprived the monks of some of the revenues of their monastic estates. After that, Baldwin proposed to establish a church dedicated to Becket in Canterbury itself, staffed by
508:
in the cathedral. Eventually all the prominent ecclesiastics and monastic houses of Europe were forced into choosing sides in the dispute. In October 1189, in an attempt to gain control, Baldwin appointed
850:
Renowned for his preaching, Baldwin's surviving sermons show that interest in them continued after his death. His sermons were first published in 1662; the modern edition includes two more (titled
703:. Baldwin had suspended Nonant in March 1190 for holding secular office as sheriff, but Baldwin wrote to FitzNeal after his departure that Nonant had agreed to relinquish his secular offices.
651:, but it was lifted by a papal legate who declared the marriage legal. Richard also restored to the archbishops of Canterbury the right to operate a mint, staffed by three moneyers.
392:
said that Baldwin was determined to continue writing even after his election to the bishopric, none of Baldwin's writings can be dated to his time as bishop except for one sermon.
777:. Maria and Balian abducted Isabella from Humphrey, and compelled her to seek an annulment, so that she could be married to Conrad and enable him to claim the kingship.
534:
to Saladin in 1187. It was collected at the rate of a tenth of all the property and income of any person not vowing to go on crusade. It was popularly known as the "
4766:
873:, survives in three manuscripts and a fragment of a fourth. A number of other works are known to have been authored by Baldwin, but do not survive. These include
388:
on 10 August 1180. While at Worcester, he impressed King Henry II by intervening in a secular case to prevent a hanging on a Sunday. Although the medieval writer
659:
In April 1190 Baldwin left England with Richard on the Third Crusade. Leading the English advance guard, Baldwin left Marseilles ahead of Richard together with
586:. Baldwin, along with Coutances, was with Richard on 20 July 1189 at Rouen when the king was invested with the Duchy of Normandy. Baldwin crowned Richard at
4771:
3904:
1064:
Nonant appears to have never actually resigned the offices, as in June he was still negotiating with the king about his holding of a number of shires.
3180:
1073:
The delay was caused, as Baldwin explained to the monks of Canterbury in a surviving letter, by the illness of some of his companions.
538:" and was the most extensive tax ever collected in England up to that point. Being a tithe and not a secular tax, it was collected by
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770:
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2704:
The Monastic Order in England: A History of its Development from the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940–1216
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in December 1184, after Henry II let it be known that he would accept only Baldwin at Canterbury; the previous incumbent,
4700:
3775:
3760:
1051:
This division of authority between Glanvill and FitzNeal caused a quarrel between the two men during the enthronement of
1084:
4781:
3890:
3173:
742:
has the archbishop in the midst of the action, as he "fought amongst the rest, but he outstripped them all" in combat.
2608:. Vol. 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces). Institute of Historical Research. Archived from
757:, but he was loyal to Guy and seems to have had no ambition to be king. A more promising candidate for the throne was
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361:, which was one of the tracts written during the Becket controversy. It was probably at this time that Baldwin wrote
17:
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and been remanded to local experts for decision. In 1166, Baldwin was the addressee of a work by John of Salisbury,
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797:
3637:
793:
4786:
4718:
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The monks opposed his appointment, and contemporary writers are universal in their condemnation of his morals.
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3294:
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723:
405:
4801:
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2662:
The Siege of Acre, 1189-1191, Saladin, Richard the Lionheart, and the Battle That Decided the Third Crusade
801:
401:
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2889:. Publications of the Journal of Medieval Latin. Vol. 1 (2001 revised ed.). Belgium: Brepols.
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695:'s time. Baldwin continued to conduct some ecclesiastical business however, dealing with the suspended
3681:
531:
566:. Baldwin excommunicated the only Welsh prince who refused to appear before him and take the cross,
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943:
667:. The group sailed directly to Syria on 5 August 1190. Baldwin delegated the administration of his
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42:
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235:. Before becoming a bishop, he wrote theological works and sermons, some of which have survived.
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546:. Baldwin especially was blamed for its harshness, although in February, along with his advisor
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50:
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on 13 September 1189 in the first English coronation for which a detailed description survives.
365:. In 1175 he served with his old bishop, Bartholomew, as joint papal judge in a dispute between
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in 1185, although his authority was limited to his own archdiocese and did not extend into the
421:
378:
824:
593:
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In 1188 King Henry II of England called for a tax to support the Third Crusade, following the
4756:
4444:
4228:
4178:
3785:
3661:
3656:
3606:
283:
93:
4106:
4081:
2469:
Duggan, Charles (1965). "From the Conquest to the Death of John". In Lawrence, C. H. (ed.).
479:
During his time as archbishop there was a dispute with the monks of Christ Church Priory in
4761:
4513:
4493:
4190:
4135:
3831:
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3755:
3647:
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3346:
3328:
3310:
3150:
1112:
1100:
1009:
766:
758:
754:
746:
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691:. The custom of giving the archiepiscopal authority to London had originated in Archbishop
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417:
350:
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259:
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knights that served as rearguard during the army's withdrawal on 13 November. Indeed, the
615:, and then join Richard on crusade. Both Richard and Baldwin agreed to appoint Norreys to
8:
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at every Welsh cathedral; he was the first Archbishop of Canterbury to celebrate mass at
468:
437:
385:
374:
302:
239:
107:
2609:
4676:
4664:
4331:
4309:
4252:
4241:
4145:
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3976:
3801:
3529:
3415:
3379:
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2930:
981:, accompanied Baldwin on the crusade, and wrote two works after his return to England:
935:
931:
827:, as volumes 93 and 94, in 1963. Others works include 22 sermons, and a work on faith,
700:
664:
370:
335:
322:
232:
147:
2848:
The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540
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2438:
2416:
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1042:
says of Gerald's work that it is an "invaluable if self-glorifying personal account".
973:
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882:
781:
587:
501:
492:
318:
627:, had recently died. This appointment eventually led, after Baldwin's death, to the
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2544:. Cistercian Fathers Series. Vol. 65. Kalamazoo, MI: Cistercian Publications.
2514:
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1120:
989:
978:
774:
688:
684:
676:
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413:
366:
341:
Baldwin became a monk in about 1170, and then abbot of the Cistercian monastery of
291:
217:
83:
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2532:
2323:
416:, had died in April that year. The monks put forward three candidates from within
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in the 16th century. Other lost works were a commentary on the biblical books of
789:
727:
632:
628:
624:
567:
497:
460:
243:
213:
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4598:
4578:
4528:
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4264:
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3780:
3642:
3561:
3519:
3463:
3421:
2518:
2309:
1092:
972:, a story of Thomas Becket, to the archbishop in the late 1180s. The historian
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911:
893:
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559:
547:
488:
445:
287:
2638:
2506:
2297:
191:
122:
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1052:
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616:
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the effort, as contemporary writers made clear. Baldwin sought the advice of
429:
377:. In 1178 he was recommended to Pope Alexander as a possible candidate for a
326:
275:
247:
210:
175:
3882:
3085:
2558:
2490:
Twelfth-century Decretal Collections and their Importance in English History
2452:
Roger, Bishop of Worcester 1164–1179: An English Bishop of the Age of Becket
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4351:
4270:
4197:
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3821:
3770:
3676:
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3534:
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3015:
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2691:
2442:
2430:
2413:
The English Church & the Papacy: From the Conquest to the Reign of John
948:
719:
464:
452:
of Canterbury, both of whom claimed the right to elect the new archbishop.
425:
314:
161:
4011:
3046:
2855:
2787:
Bartholomew of Exeter: Bishop and Canonist, A Study in the Twelfth Century
2497:
765:. Conrad had saved the kingdom from destruction by leading the successful
4314:
3866:
3856:
3811:
3725:
3524:
2909:
The Becket Conflict and the Schools: A Study of Intellectuals in Politics
2473:(1999 Reprint ed.). Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing. pp. 63–116.
696:
433:
342:
228:
221:
4071:
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3266:
4235:
3323:
3251:
3246:
3158:
983:
575:
480:
389:
306:
4056:
2887:
Handlist of the Latin Writers of Great Britain and Ireland Before 1540
2706:(Second reprint ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
517:
313:
in about 1161, after Baldwin's father's death. Baldwin was known as a
4371:
4021:
4001:
3981:
3871:
2954:
The Reign of Richard Lionheart: Ruler of the Angevin Empire 1189–1199
2563:(Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
2539:
878:
816:
648:
346:
255:
202:
463:
along with Lucius' approval of his translation. Baldwin was named a
262:. Baldwin died in the Holy Land while participating in the crusade.
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4130:
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3949:
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Soon after Baldwin's arrival, there was a succession crisis in the
692:
3078:
The Trinity Collection of Decretals and the Early Worcester Family
2951:
871:
Ad laudem Bartholomaei Exoniensis episcopi de coloribus rhetoricis
869:
manuscript, MS 235. Another work often attributed to Baldwin, the
4635:
4111:
4101:
4066:
4016:
3986:
3970:
3284:
3256:
3236:
2437:(Reprint ed.). Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
1343:: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces)
1116:
1108:
735:
612:
539:
505:
456:
206:
2540:
Freeland, Jane Patricia; Bell, David N. (2000). "Introduction".
578:
for the sin of disobedience to his father from both Baldwin and
4041:
3954:
3374:
3359:
3226:
3208:
2415:(Revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1088:
901:
which existed at Christ Church Priory in the 13th century, and
310:
271:
143:
3063:
Bell, D. (1984). "The Corpus of the Work of Baldwin of Ford".
2732:(Second ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
925:, still extant in manuscript (MS) form. It now resides in the
4694:
3203:
2842:
543:
354:
631:. In August 1189 Baldwin objected to the marriage of Prince
321:
in 1167, complaining about Bartholomew's conduct during the
2749:
Religious Poverty and the Profit Economy in Medieval Europe
2559:
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996).
2435:
From Becket to Langton: English Church Government 1170–1213
224:
2730:
The Heads of Religious Houses, England and Wales, 940–1216
216:'s nephew before returning to England to serve successive
201:
between 1185 and 1190. The son of a clergyman, he studied
841:
Balduini de Forda Opera: Sermones, De Commendatione Fidei
353:
for the papacy, hearing cases that had reached the Roman
2377:
Baldvini de Forda Opera: Sermones de Commendatione Fidei
861:
Baldwin also collaborated with Bartholomew Iscanus on a
597:
Baldwin crowned Richard I, shown on his effigy, in 1189.
317:
during his holding of Totnes. He received a letter from
2935:
Studies in Medieval History Presented to R. H. C. Davis
2624:
722:
on 12 October 1190, the Muslim forces in the city were
2768:
A Constitutional and Legal History of Medieval England
2304:(revised May 2007 ed.). Oxford University Press.
1103:. Among the minor manuscripts, the S manuscript is at
325:. John accused Bartholomew of not properly supporting
282:, and a woman of unknown name who later became a nun.
4624:
3039:
Hubert Walter: Lord of Canterbury and Lord of England
2358:
England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225
4617:
indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.
2992:
2970:
2684:
The Episcopal Colleagues of Archbishop Thomas Becket
2471:
The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages
2379:. Corpus Christianorum. Turnholt, Belgium: Brepols.
914:
catalogue, and Leland mentions others in his works.
647:, but never did so. Baldwin laid John's lands under
474:
2929:(1985). "Peter of Blois and the Third Crusade". In
2352:
258:, where he became embroiled in the politics of the
238:As a bishop, Baldwin came to the attention of King
2820:
2627:"Baldwin [Baldwin of Forde] (c.1125–1190)"
2599:
987:, an epic poem about King Richard on crusade, and
839:was published, along with the sermons, in 1991 as
3036:
2801:
2746:
865:, which is jointly ascribed to both of them in a
4748:
3022:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
2828:(Second ed.). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
2765:
2659:
2577:
2391:
2338:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
1472:Duggan "From the Conquest to the Death of John"
683:, but entrusted any archiepiscopal authority to
55:Statue of Baldwin of Forde from the exterior of
4767:12th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops
2925:
2881:
2865:The Papacy 1073–1198: Continuity and Innovation
2862:
2504:
2487:
2468:
2449:
740:Itinerarium peregrinorum et gesta regis Ricardi
27:12th-century abbot and Archbishop of Canterbury
2903:
2698:
2678:
2374:
1957:
1955:
1871:
1869:
1816:
1814:
1429:
1427:
951:, which was edited by the Victorian historian
491:rather than monastic clergy. The monks of the
231:and subsequently elected to the episcopate at
3912:
3898:
3174:
3014:
2952:Turner, Ralph V.; Heiser, Richard R. (2000).
2937:. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 207–218.
2867:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
2789:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
2784:
2686:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
2429:
2410:
2330:
2292:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
2978:. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
2826:From Domesday Book to Magna Carta, 1087–1216
2217:
2152:
1916:
1914:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1283:
1281:
1213:
4772:12th-century English Roman Catholic bishops
2956:. The Medieval World. Harlow, UK: Longman.
2542:Baldwin of Forde: The Commendation of Faith
2269:
2256:
2230:
2102:
2100:
2007:
1981:
1952:
1866:
1840:
1827:
1811:
1798:
1772:
1650:
1602:
1591:
1589:
1521:
1497:
1495:
1424:
1398:
917:Besides Baldwin's own writings, there is a
769:, and had the support of Isabella's mother
395:
3905:
3891:
3181:
3167:
3075:
2046:
2020:
1939:
1900:
1898:
1877:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings
1848:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings
1759:
1702:
1689:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1547:
1466:
1320:
1243:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1202:
1200:
1192:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings
1184:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1030:Gerald wrote up the events of the tour as
2243:
2204:
2191:
2178:
2033:
1994:
1968:
1911:
1882:
1728:
1676:
1663:
1508:
1479:
1440:
1372:
1278:
254:, the new king sent Baldwin ahead to the
3188:
3062:
2998:God's War: A New History of the Crusades
2751:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
2585:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
2394:Elite Participation in the Third Crusade
2165:
2126:
2113:
2097:
1785:
1586:
1573:
1534:
1492:
1359:
835:in 1662. The modern critical edition of
592:
525:
516:
265:
2631:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2511:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2375:Bell, David N. (1991). "Introduction".
2302:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2139:
2072:
2059:
1926:
1922:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1895:
1853:
1746:
1715:
1637:
1615:
1560:
1453:
1385:
1333:
1307:
1294:
1265:
1225:
1221:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1197:
1180:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1139:
1095:in London. The C manuscript is held by
807:
424:of Christ Church and was then Abbot of
227:he was named abbot of his monastery at
14:
4749:
3080:. New York: Fordham University Press.
2911:. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield.
939:himself or a member of his household.
715:'s death on the way to the Holy Land.
246:, preaching and raising money for the
3886:
3162:
3041:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
2770:(Second ed.). New York: Norton.
2085:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1119:. Lastly, the O manuscript is in the
1087:. The T manuscripts (T and T) are in
1008:Baldwin is often stated to have been
761:, uncle of the last undisputed king,
4701:
3650:, Bishop of Worcester and Gloucester
3592:("Bishop of Worcester and Westbury")
2606:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
2199:Twelfth-century Decretal Collections
2186:Twelfth-century Decretal Collections
1341:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
550:, he was in Normandy with the king.
274:around 1125, Baldwin was the son of
2976:England and the Crusades, 1095–1588
2850:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
780:Baldwin supported Guy's claim, but
726:by the Frankish forces led by King
301:Baldwin attracted the attention of
24:
3055:
1159:
643:. John promised to obtain a papal
25:
4823:
3923:List of archbishops of Canterbury
2396:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press.
2091:Freeland and Bell "Introduction"
2078:Freeland and Bell "Introduction"
2065:Freeland and Bell "Introduction"
1038:, written in 1191. The historian
993:, a rewriting of the Trojan War.
847:translated into English in 2000.
706:Baldwin and his group arrived at
475:Dispute with Christ Church Priory
305:, Bishop of Exeter, who made him
4727:
4710:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4646:
4634:
3000:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
2664:. New Haven & London: Yale.
2625:Holdsworth, Christopher (2004).
2298:"Warelwast, Robert de (d. 1155)"
1568:Constitutional and Legal History
654:
601:
49:
4797:Christians of the Third Crusade
2454:. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
2360:. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.
2212:English Church & the Papacy
1411:
1346:
1111:. The Pr manuscript is held by
1076:
1067:
1058:
1045:
1024:
1015:
2561:Handbook of British Chronology
1435:Handbook of British Chronology
1406:Handbook of British Chronology
1339:Greenway "Worcester: Bishops"
1219:Barlow "Warelwast, Robert de"
1091:. The L manuscript is held at
1002:
903:De orthodoxis fidei dogmatibus
197: – 19 November 1190) was
13:
1:
2285:
1699:p. 157 and p. 410 footnote 17
1474:English Church and the Papacy
958:
753:; she was already married to
3552:Robert Tideman of Winchcombe
2653:UK public library membership
2533:UK public library membership
2324:UK public library membership
1597:Domesday Book to Magna Carta
1503:Domesday Book to Magna Carta
1133:
1115:and the Ca manuscript is in
7:
2633:. Oxford University Press.
2600:Greenway, Diana E. (1971).
2513:. Oxford University Press.
2507:"Nonant, Hugh de (d. 1198)"
1920:Franklin "Nonant, Hugh de"
1610:Studies in Medieval History
1107:and the A manuscript is in
381:, but this never occurred.
10:
4828:
3037:Young, Charles R. (1968).
2802:Mortimer, Richard (1994).
2747:Little, Lester K. (1983).
1793:Reign of Richard Lionheart
1608:Southern "Peter of Blois"
250:. After the coronation of
4782:Archbishops of Canterbury
4612:
4417:
4120:
3929:
3920:
3914:Archbishops of Canterbury
3794:
3615:
3455:
3303:
3196:
3147:
3138:
3130:
3120:
3111:
3103:
3096:
2806:. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
2804:Angevin England 1154–1258
2766:Lyon, Bryce Dale (1980).
2660:Hosler, John. D. (2018).
2492:. London: Athlone Press.
2392:Bennett, Stephen (2021).
1328:Heads of Religious Houses
1154:Handlist of Latin Writers
345:. He was well known as a
171:
154:
136:
131:
118:
113:
99:
89:
79:
71:
63:
48:
41:
34:
3141:Archbishop of Canterbury
2863:Robinson, I. S. (1990).
2846:; Wallis, Keith (1968).
2505:Franklin, M. J. (2004).
2488:Duggan, Charles (1963).
2450:Cheney, Mary G. (1980).
2041:England and the Crusades
2028:England and the Crusades
1890:England and the Crusades
1741:England and the Crusades
1710:England and the Crusades
1697:England and the Crusades
1684:England and the Crusades
996:
921:collection known as the
718:When Baldwin arrived at
521:King Henry II of England
396:Archbishop of Canterbury
331:Archbishop of Canterbury
199:Archbishop of Canterbury
43:Archbishop of Canterbury
4544:Archibald Campbell Tait
2933:; Moore, R. I. (eds.).
2160:Baldvini de Forda Opera
2147:Baldvini de Forda Opera
2134:Baldvini de Forda Opera
2121:Baldvini de Forda Opera
349:, and often acted as a
4524:Charles Manners-Sutton
4455:Episcopacy abolished (
3852:Mervyn Charles-Edwards
3712:Episcopacy abolished (
3098:Catholic Church titles
2785:Morey, Adrian (1937).
2724:; London, Vera C. M.;
2519:10.1093/ref:odnb/20245
2411:Brooke, Z. N. (1989).
2310:10.1093/ref:odnb/94377
2108:From Becket to Langton
1085:Bibliotheque Nationale
1055:as archbishop in 1193.
923:Collectio Wigorniensis
845:De commendatione fidei
833:De commendatione fidei
829:De commendatione fidei
802:Patriarch of Jerusalem
635:, later King John, to
598:
522:
4787:Archdeacons of Totnes
4229:John of Sittingbourne
4179:Reginald Fitz Jocelin
2639:10.1093/ref:odnb/1164
2223:Quoted in Gillingham
1393:Bartholomew of Exeter
1273:Bartholomew of Exeter
1238:Bartholomew of Exeter
1178:Holdsworth "Baldwin"
1036:Journey through Wales
813:De sacramento altaris
596:
526:Service to King Henry
520:
455:Baldwin received his
363:De sacramento altaris
284:Gervase of Canterbury
266:Ecclesiastical career
4792:Bishops of Worcester
4514:Frederick Cornwallis
3832:Huyshe Yeatman-Biggs
3756:Edward Stillingfleet
3470:William Gainsborough
3190:Bishops of Worcester
3151:Reginald fitzJocelin
2994:Tyerman, Christopher
2972:Tyerman, Christopher
2602:"Worcester: Bishops"
2158:Bell "Introduction"
2145:Bell "Introduction"
2132:Bell "Introduction"
2119:Bell "Introduction"
1302:Episcopal Colleagues
1113:Princeton University
1101:Cambridge University
1032:Itinerarium Kambriae
1010:Archdeacon of Exeter
964:gloomy and nervous.
905:, which was seen by
899:De sectis haereticis
877:, which was seen by
808:Writings and studies
759:Conrad of Montferrat
755:Humphrey IV of Toron
747:Kingdom of Jerusalem
732:Sibylla of Jerusalem
713:Frederick Barbarossa
639:, on the grounds of
637:Isabel of Gloucester
609:Eleanor of Aquitaine
564:St Asaph's Cathedral
442:Bishop of St David's
420:: Odo, who had been
418:Christ Church Priory
298:, Bishop of Exeter.
296:Robert of Chichester
280:Archdeacon of Totnes
260:Kingdom of Jerusalem
252:Richard I of England
166:Kingdom of Jerusalem
104:Archdeacon of Totnes
94:Reginald fitzJocelin
57:Canterbury Cathedral
4802:English Cistercians
4549:Edward White Benson
3847:William Wilson Cash
3667:Nicholas Bullingham
3623:Silvestro de' Gigli
3464:John St German
3437:Walter de Cantilupe
3390:William of Northall
3124:William of Northall
3114:Bishop of Worcester
3076:Duggan, C. (1961).
2931:Mayr-Harting, Henry
2726:Brooke, Christopher
2354:Bartlett, Robert C.
2015:Elite Participation
2002:Elite Participation
1976:Elite Participation
1671:Elite Participation
1658:Elite Participation
1040:Christopher Tyerman
863:Liber penitentialis
825:Sources Chrétiennes
815:, dealing with the
681:Bishop of Rochester
584:Archbishop of Rouen
580:Walter de Coutances
469:Archdiocese of York
386:Bishop of Worcester
375:Bishop of Salisbury
359:Expectiatione longa
303:Bartholomew Iscanus
240:Henry II of England
220:. After becoming a
108:Bishop of Worcester
4812:Clergy from Exeter
4332:William Whittlesey
4310:Thomas Bradwardine
4253:William Chillenden
4242:Edmund of Abingdon
4146:William de Corbeil
4107:Robert of Jumièges
4082:Ælfric of Abingdon
3977:Theodore of Tarsus
3802:Folliott Cornewall
3607:Giovanni de' Gigli
3530:William Whittlesey
3416:Randulf of Evesham
3107:Roger of Worcester
2822:Poole, Austin Lane
2236:Quoted in Smalley
2173:Roger of Worcester
1791:Turner and Heiser
1579:Powell and Wallis
1315:Roger of Worcester
794:Bishop of Beauvais
786:Archbishop of Pisa
701:Bishop of Coventry
665:Ranulf de Glanvill
619:, as the previous
599:
523:
371:Josceline de Bohon
323:Becket controversy
148:Kingdom of England
4622:
4621:
4342:William Courtenay
4298:John de Stratford
4276:Robert Winchelsey
4162:Roger de Bailleul
3880:
3879:
3702:John Thornborough
3692:Gervase Babington
3628:Girolamo Ghinucci
3511:Wulstan Bransford
3491:Wulstan Bransford
3405:John of Coutances
3157:
3156:
3148:Succeeded by
3121:Succeeded by
3007:978-0-674-02387-1
2671:978-0-300-21550-2
2651:(subscription or
2531:(subscription or
2403:978-1-78327-578-6
2322:(subscription or
1542:Religious Poverty
1125:Oxford University
970:History of Thomas
966:Herbert of Bosham
883:Glastonbury Abbey
875:Carmen devotionis
588:Westminster Abbey
532:fall of Jerusalem
502:Bishop of Lincoln
493:cathedral chapter
450:suffragan bishops
410:see of Canterbury
319:John of Salisbury
218:bishops of Exeter
209:and was tutor to
181:
180:
18:Baldwin of Exeter
16:(Redirected from
4819:
4740:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4723:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4703:
4697:Baldwin of Forde
4687:
4686:
4685:
4675:
4674:
4663:
4662:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4639:
4638:
4630:
4559:Randall Davidson
4554:Frederick Temple
4534:John Bird Sumner
4474:William Sancroft
4440:Richard Bancroft
4418:Post-Reformation
4377:Thomas Bourchier
4321:William Edington
4259:Robert Kilwardby
4216:Richard le Grant
4210:Walter d'Eynsham
4173:Baldwin of Forde
4168:Richard of Dover
3907:
3900:
3893:
3884:
3883:
3741:Walter Blandford
3682:Richard Fletcher
3584:Thomas Bourchier
3557:Richard Clifford
3515:John of Thoresby
3507:Thomas Hemenhale
3480:Walter Maidstone
3432:William de Blois
3395:Robert FitzRalph
3385:Baldwin of Forde
3214:Egwin of Evesham
3183:
3176:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3134:Richard of Dover
3131:Preceded by
3104:Preceded by
3094:
3093:
3089:
3072:
3050:
3033:
3011:
2989:
2967:
2948:
2922:
2900:
2878:
2859:
2844:Powell, J. Enoch
2839:
2817:
2798:
2781:
2762:
2743:
2717:
2695:
2675:
2656:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2612:on 9 August 2011
2596:
2579:Gillingham, John
2574:
2555:
2536:
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2163:
2156:
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2143:
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2130:
2124:
2117:
2111:
2104:
2095:
2093:Baldwin of Forde
2089:
2083:
2080:Baldwin of Forde
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2070:
2067:Baldwin of Forde
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1097:Pembroke College
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1019:
1013:
1006:
990:De Bello Trojano
979:Joseph of Exeter
837:De commendatione
775:Balian of Ibelin
689:Bishop of London
685:Richard FitzNeal
677:Gilbert Glanvill
621:abbot of Evesham
444:, and Theobald,
414:Richard of Dover
406:see of Worcester
367:Malmesbury Abbey
292:Robert Warelwast
205:and theology at
196:
184:Baldwin of Forde
158:19 November 1190
132:Personal details
127:
84:Richard of Dover
75:19 November 1190
53:
36:Baldwin of Forde
32:
31:
21:
4827:
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4747:
4746:
4743:
4739:from Wikisource
4733:
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4726:
4716:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4702:sister projects
4699:at Knowledge's
4693:
4683:
4681:
4669:
4657:
4647:
4645:
4633:
4625:
4623:
4618:
4608:
4574:Geoffrey Fisher
4539:Charles Longley
4469:Gilbert Sheldon
4413:
4288:Walter Reynolds
4204:Stephen Langton
4151:Theobald of Bec
4141:Ralph d'Escures
4116:
3925:
3916:
3911:
3881:
3876:
3862:Philip Goodrich
3790:
3746:James Fleetwood
3611:
3547:Henry Wakefield
3502:Simon Montacute
3475:Walter Reynolds
3451:
3447:Godfrey Giffard
3442:Nicholas of Ely
3370:John de Pageham
3299:
3192:
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3144:
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3117:
3109:
3092:
3058:
3056:Further reading
3053:
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2964:
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2927:Southern, R. W.
2919:
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2883:Sharpe, Richard
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2238:Becket Conflict
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1347:
1338:
1334:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1308:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1279:
1270:
1266:
1257:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1218:
1214:
1205:
1198:
1189:
1185:
1177:
1160:
1151:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1046:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1016:
1007:
1003:
999:
961:
927:British Library
856:de sancta cruce
810:
790:Philip of Dreux
773:and stepfather
767:defence of Tyre
728:Guy of Lusignan
657:
629:Case of Evesham
625:Adam of Evesham
604:
568:Owain Cyfeiliog
542:rather than by
528:
477:
398:
384:Baldwin became
268:
244:Gerald of Wales
194:
159:
150:
141:
125:
106:
59:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4825:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4807:English abbots
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4742:
4741:
4724:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4679:
4667:
4655:
4643:
4620:
4619:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4607:
4606:
4601:
4599:Rowan Williams
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4579:Michael Ramsey
4576:
4571:
4569:William Temple
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4529:William Howley
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4504:Matthew Hutton
4501:
4499:Thomas Herring
4496:
4491:
4486:
4484:Thomas Tenison
4481:
4479:John Tillotson
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4430:Edmund Grindal
4427:
4425:Matthew Parker
4421:
4419:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4406:
4404:Thomas Cranmer
4401:
4399:William Warham
4396:
4391:
4388:Thomas Langton
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4362:Henry Chichele
4359:
4357:Thomas Arundel
4354:
4349:
4347:Thomas Arundel
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4304:John de Ufford
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4265:Robert Burnell
4261:
4256:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4213:
4206:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4182:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4127:
4125:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3936:
3934:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3910:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3887:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3842:Arthur Perowne
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3817:Henry Philpott
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3781:Brownlow North
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3751:William Thomas
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:Robert Skinner
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3653:Nicholas Heath
3651:
3645:
3643:Nicholas Heath
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3619:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:John Carpenter
3586:
3581:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3562:Thomas Peverel
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:Reginald Brian
3517:
3512:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3422:Walter de Gray
3419:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3400:Henry de Sully
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3344:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3200:
3198:
3197:Early medieval
3194:
3193:
3186:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3163:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3146:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3119:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3091:
3090:
3073:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3034:
3028:
3012:
3006:
2990:
2984:
2968:
2962:
2949:
2943:
2923:
2917:
2905:Smalley, Beryl
2901:
2895:
2879:
2873:
2860:
2840:
2834:
2818:
2812:
2799:
2782:
2776:
2763:
2757:
2744:
2738:
2722:Knowles, David
2718:
2712:
2700:Knowles, David
2696:
2680:Knowles, David
2676:
2670:
2657:
2622:
2597:
2591:
2575:
2569:
2556:
2550:
2537:
2502:
2485:
2479:
2466:
2460:
2447:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2402:
2389:
2372:
2366:
2350:
2344:
2328:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2268:
2264:Monastic Order
2255:
2242:
2229:
2216:
2203:
2190:
2177:
2164:
2151:
2138:
2125:
2112:
2096:
2084:
2071:
2058:
2045:
2032:
2019:
2006:
1993:
1980:
1967:
1951:
1938:
1925:
1910:
1894:
1881:
1865:
1852:
1839:
1835:Monastic Order
1826:
1810:
1797:
1784:
1771:
1758:
1745:
1727:
1714:
1701:
1688:
1675:
1662:
1649:
1636:
1614:
1601:
1585:
1581:House of Lords
1572:
1559:
1546:
1533:
1529:Monastic Order
1520:
1507:
1491:
1478:
1465:
1452:
1439:
1433:Fryde, et al.
1423:
1410:
1404:Fryde, et al.
1397:
1384:
1371:
1358:
1345:
1332:
1319:
1306:
1293:
1277:
1264:
1260:Monastic Order
1242:
1224:
1212:
1196:
1183:
1158:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1093:Lambeth Palace
1075:
1066:
1057:
1044:
1023:
1014:
1000:
998:
995:
968:dedicated his
960:
957:
953:William Stubbs
942:The historian
912:Rievaulx Abbey
867:Lambeth Palace
809:
806:
669:spiritualities
656:
653:
603:
600:
548:Peter of Blois
527:
524:
476:
473:
446:Abbot of Cluny
438:Wenlock Priory
397:
394:
351:judge-delegate
267:
264:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
156:
152:
151:
142:
138:
134:
133:
129:
128:
120:
116:
115:
111:
110:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
73:
69:
68:
65:
61:
60:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4824:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4777:Anglo-Normans
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4745:
4738:
4737:
4725:
4721:
4720:
4708:
4707:
4704:
4698:
4690:
4680:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4654:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4631:
4628:
4616:
4611:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4589:Robert Runcie
4587:
4585:
4584:Donald Coggan
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4509:Thomas Secker
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4464:William Juxon
4462:
4460:
4458:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4435:John Whitgift
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4416:
4410:
4409:Reginald Pole
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:John Stafford
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:Simon Sudbury
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:Simon Langham
4325:
4323:
4322:
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4293:Simon Mepeham
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4282:Thomas Cobham
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4226:
4224:
4223:
4222:Ralph Neville
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4186:
4185:Hubert Walter
4183:
4181:
4180:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4156:Thomas Becket
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4119:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3928:
3924:
3919:
3915:
3908:
3903:
3901:
3896:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:Ernest Pearce
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3776:James Johnson
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3761:William Lloyd
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3721:George Morley
3719:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3708:
3707:John Prideaux
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3687:Thomas Bilson
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3672:John Whitgift
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3602:Robert Morton
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3578:Thomas Brunce
3575:
3573:
3572:Thomas Polton
3570:
3568:
3567:Philip Morgan
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3486:
3485:Thomas Cobham
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3456:Late medieval
3454:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3334:Ælfric Puttoc
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:High medieval
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3172:
3170:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3152:
3143:
3142:
3135:
3129:
3125:
3116:
3115:
3108:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3031:
3029:0-520-03494-5
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:Warren, W. L.
3013:
3009:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2985:0-226-82013-0
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2963:0-582-25660-7
2959:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2944:0-907628-68-0
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2918:0-87471-172-X
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2896:2-503-50575-9
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2874:0-521-31922-6
2870:
2866:
2861:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2835:0-19-821707-2
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2813:0-631-16388-3
2809:
2805:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2777:0-393-95132-4
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2758:0-8014-9247-5
2754:
2750:
2745:
2741:
2739:0-521-80452-3
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2713:0-521-05479-6
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2623:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2592:0-300-07912-5
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2570:0-521-56350-X
2566:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2551:0-87907-759-X
2547:
2543:
2538:
2534:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2480:0-7509-1947-7
2476:
2472:
2467:
2463:
2461:0-19-821879-6
2457:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2431:Cheney, C. R.
2428:
2424:
2422:0-521-36687-9
2418:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2367:0-19-822741-8
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2345:0-520-07175-1
2341:
2337:
2336:Thomas Becket
2333:
2332:Barlow, Frank
2329:
2325:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2294:Barlow, Frank
2291:
2290:
2278:
2272:
2265:
2259:
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2251:Thomas Becket
2246:
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2016:
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1997:
1990:
1989:Siege of Acre
1984:
1977:
1971:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1929:
1923:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1906:Hubert Walter
1901:
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1861:Hubert Walter
1856:
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1632:Hubert Walter
1627:
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1516:Thomas Becket
1511:
1504:
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1469:
1462:
1461:Hubert Walter
1456:
1449:
1443:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1420:
1414:
1407:
1401:
1394:
1388:
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1380:Thomas Becket
1375:
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1367:Thomas Becket
1362:
1355:
1349:
1342:
1336:
1329:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1290:
1289:Thomas Becket
1284:
1282:
1274:
1268:
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1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1239:
1233:
1231:
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1222:
1216:
1209:
1208:Thomas Becket
1203:
1201:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1155:
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1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
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1086:
1079:
1070:
1061:
1054:
1053:Hubert Walter
1048:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1018:
1011:
1005:
1001:
994:
992:
991:
986:
985:
980:
975:
971:
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956:
954:
950:
945:
940:
937:
933:
932:Alexander III
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
908:
904:
900:
896:
895:
890:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
859:
857:
853:
852:de obedientia
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
778:
776:
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771:Maria Comnena
768:
764:
760:
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748:
743:
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733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
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709:
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698:
694:
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686:
682:
678:
674:
673:temporalities
670:
666:
662:
661:Hubert Walter
655:Third Crusade
652:
650:
646:
642:
641:consanguinity
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
617:Evesham Abbey
614:
610:
602:Under Richard
595:
591:
589:
585:
581:
577:
571:
569:
565:
561:
555:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
536:Saladin tithe
533:
519:
515:
512:
511:Roger Norreys
507:
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494:
490:
484:
482:
472:
470:
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430:Peter de Leia
427:
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324:
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105:
102:
100:Other post(s)
98:
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92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:December 1184
66:
62:
58:
52:
47:
44:
40:
33:
30:
19:
4757:1120s births
4744:
4734:
4722:from Commons
4717:
4696:
4641:Christianity
4614:
4604:Justin Welby
4594:George Carey
4489:William Wake
4457:Commonwealth
4454:
4450:William Laud
4445:George Abbot
4386:
4352:Roger Walden
4319:
4302:
4280:
4271:John Peckham
4263:
4251:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4208:
4198:John de Gray
4196:
4189:
4177:
4172:
4160:
4121:Conquest to
3969:
3827:Charles Gore
3822:John Perowne
3786:Richard Hurd
3771:Isaac Maddox
3714:Commonwealth
3711:
3677:Edmund Freke
3662:Edwin Sandys
3657:Richard Pate
3633:Hugh Latimer
3616:Early modern
3591:
3576:
3541:Walter Lyghe
3539:
3535:William Lenn
3497:Adam Orleton
3489:
3462:
3414:
3384:
3349:
3313:
3274:
3221:
3139:
3112:
3077:
3068:
3064:
3038:
3019:
2997:
2975:
2953:
2934:
2908:
2886:
2864:
2847:
2825:
2803:
2786:
2767:
2748:
2729:
2703:
2683:
2661:
2642:. Retrieved
2630:
2614:. Retrieved
2610:the original
2605:
2582:
2560:
2541:
2522:. Retrieved
2510:
2489:
2470:
2451:
2434:
2412:
2393:
2376:
2357:
2335:
2313:. Retrieved
2301:
2276:
2271:
2263:
2258:
2250:
2245:
2237:
2232:
2224:
2219:
2211:
2206:
2198:
2193:
2185:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2159:
2154:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2120:
2115:
2107:
2092:
2087:
2079:
2074:
2066:
2061:
2053:
2048:
2040:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2014:
2009:
2001:
1996:
1988:
1983:
1975:
1970:
1962:
1946:
1941:
1933:
1928:
1921:
1905:
1889:
1884:
1876:
1860:
1855:
1847:
1842:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1805:
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1392:
1387:
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1327:
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1314:
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1301:
1296:
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1272:
1267:
1259:
1237:
1220:
1215:
1207:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1153:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1047:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1017:
1004:
988:
982:
969:
962:
949:Rolls Series
944:Frank Barlow
941:
922:
916:
902:
898:
892:
886:
874:
870:
862:
860:
855:
851:
849:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
812:
811:
779:
744:
739:
717:
705:
658:
645:dispensation
605:
572:
556:
552:
529:
485:
478:
465:papal legate
454:
426:Battle Abbey
400:Baldwin was
399:
383:
379:cardinalship
362:
358:
340:
315:canon lawyer
300:
269:
237:
187:
183:
182:
119:Consecration
29:
4762:1190 deaths
4677:Middle Ages
4665:Catholicism
4494:John Potter
4394:Henry Deane
4382:John Morton
4315:Simon Islip
4123:Reformation
3867:Peter Selby
3857:Robin Woods
3812:Henry Pepys
3807:Robert Carr
3795:Late modern
3726:John Gauden
3697:Henry Parry
3648:John Hooper
3597:John Alcock
3525:John Barnet
2227:pp. 119–120
2214:pp. 224–225
2201:pp. 118–119
2188:pp. 114–115
2175:pp. 197–200
2162:pp. vii–xii
2056:pp. 218–220
1965:pp. 148–149
1961:Gillingham
1949:pp. 409–410
1837:pp. 331–333
1824:pp. 110–111
1820:Gillingham
1804:Gillingham
1778:Gillingham
1765:Gillingham
1557:pp. 607–608
1531:pp. 321–322
1382:pp. 155–157
1275:pp. 120–121
1262:pp. 316–324
1240:pp. 105–109
974:A. L. Poole
907:John Leland
843:, with the
724:under siege
697:Hugh Nonant
195: 1125
126: 1180
80:Predecessor
4751:Categories
4564:Cosmo Lang
4519:John Moore
4236:John Blund
3766:John Hough
3731:John Earle
3324:Beorhtheah
3252:Heahbeorht
3247:Denebeorht
3145:1185–1190
3118:1180–1185
3071:: 215–234.
2644:8 November
2616:3 November
2524:14 January
2286:References
984:Antiocheis
959:Reputation
730:and Queen
576:absolution
481:Canterbury
461:Lucius III
459:from Pope
440:and later
402:translated
390:Walter Map
307:archdeacon
222:Cistercian
214:Eugene III
72:Term ended
4653:Biography
4372:John Kemp
4097:Æthelnoth
4062:Byrhthelm
4022:Feologild
4012:Æthelhard
4002:Bregowine
3982:Berhtwald
3965:Deusdedit
3940:Augustine
3872:John Inge
3638:John Bell
3427:Sylvester
3242:Heathured
2795:154144997
2655:required)
2583:Richard I
2535:required)
2385:185471591
2326:required)
2275:Mortimer
2225:Richard I
2110:pp. 28–29
2017:pp. 60-61
1991:pp. 89-94
1963:Richard I
1947:God's War
1934:God's War
1908:pp. 94–95
1875:Bartlett
1846:Bartlett
1822:Richard I
1806:Richard I
1780:Richard I
1767:Richard I
1754:God's War
1743:pp. 66–69
1723:God's War
1686:pp. 60–61
1645:God's War
1634:pp. 33–36
1485:Robinson
1190:Bartlett
1156:pp. 66–67
1134:Citations
879:John Bale
817:eucharist
763:Baldwin V
649:interdict
436:prior of
404:from the
288:Urban III
276:Hugh d'Eu
256:Holy Land
233:Worcester
203:canon law
176:Hugh d'Eu
90:Successor
64:Appointed
4247:Boniface
4191:Reginald
4131:Lanfranc
4072:Æthelgar
4047:Wulfhelm
4037:Plegmund
4032:Æthelred
4027:Ceolnoth
4007:Jænberht
3997:Cuthbert
3992:Nothhelm
3960:Honorius
3950:Mellitus
3945:Laurence
3932:Conquest
3347:Wulfstan
3319:Leofsige
3311:Wulfstan
3295:Ealdwulf
3280:Koenwald
3272:Wilfrith
3267:Æthelhun
3262:Werferth
3232:Waermund
3219:Wilfrith
3086:33457124
3020:Henry II
3018:(1973).
2996:(2006).
2974:(1988).
2907:(1973).
2885:(2001).
2824:(1955).
2728:(2001).
2702:(1976).
2682:(1951).
2581:(1999).
2433:(1956).
2356:(2000).
2334:(1986).
2296:(2004).
2262:Knowles
2052:Smalley
2039:Tyerman
2026:Tyerman
2013:Bennett
2000:Bennett
1974:Bennett
1945:Tyerman
1932:Tyerman
1888:Tyerman
1833:Knowles
1752:Tyerman
1739:Tyerman
1721:Tyerman
1708:Tyerman
1695:Tyerman
1682:Tyerman
1669:Bennett
1660:pp. 33-4
1656:Bennett
1643:Tyerman
1555:Henry II
1527:Knowles
1448:Henry II
1419:Henry II
1354:Henry II
1300:Knowles
1258:Knowles
1105:Soissons
936:capitula
919:decretal
821:passover
798:Eraclius
751:Isabella
693:Lanfranc
540:dioceses
347:canonist
270:Born in
4689:England
4627:Portals
4615:Italics
4112:Stigand
4102:Eadsige
4087:Ælfheah
4077:Sigeric
4067:Dunstan
4057:Ælfsige
4017:Wulfred
3987:Tatwine
3971:Wighard
3342:Ealdred
3285:Dunstan
3257:Ealhhun
3237:Tilhere
3065:Citeaux
2692:2742571
2443:5213024
2315:8 April
2249:Barlow
2210:Brooke
2197:Duggan
2184:Duggan
2171:Cheney
2106:Cheney
1987:Hosler
1553:Warren
1540:Little
1514:Barlow
1446:Warren
1417:Warren
1378:Barlow
1365:Barlow
1352:Warren
1313:Cheney
1287:Barlow
1206:Barlow
1152:Sharpe
1117:Cambrai
1109:Alencon
736:Templar
613:Lambeth
506:liturgy
489:secular
457:pallium
434:Cluniac
408:to the
207:Bologna
172:Parents
140:c. 1125
4136:Anselm
4092:Lyfing
4042:Athelm
3955:Justus
3410:Mauger
3375:Alured
3360:Theulf
3355:Samson
3338:Lyfing
3329:Lyfing
3290:Oswald
3227:Milred
3209:Oftfor
3084:
3047:443445
3045:
3026:
3004:
2982:
2960:
2941:
2915:
2893:
2871:
2856:463626
2854:
2832:
2810:
2793:
2774:
2755:
2736:
2710:
2690:
2668:
2589:
2567:
2548:
2498:188968
2496:
2477:
2458:
2441:
2419:
2400:
2383:
2364:
2342:
2279:p. 210
2266:p. 645
2253:p. 263
2240:p. 218
2123:p. vii
2030:p. 179
1936:p. 441
1904:Young
1879:p. 115
1859:Young
1850:p. 557
1808:p. 107
1782:p. 104
1756:p. 385
1725:p. 393
1712:p. 161
1647:p. 378
1630:Young
1612:p. 209
1599:p. 296
1595:Poole
1570:p. 269
1518:p. 271
1505:p. 221
1501:Poole
1489:p. 173
1487:Papacy
1459:Young
1450:p. 555
1437:p. 232
1421:p. 554
1408:p. 278
1391:Morey
1356:p. 552
1330:p. 132
1304:p. 103
1291:p. 184
1271:Morey
1236:Morey
1194:p. 509
1089:Troyes
888:Samuel
796:, and
782:Ubaldo
699:, the
687:, the
679:, the
544:shires
500:, the
373:, the
311:Totnes
272:Exeter
144:Exeter
114:Orders
4736:Texts
4719:Media
3380:Roger
3365:Simon
3204:Bosel
2149:p. xx
2136:p. xv
2082:p. 11
2069:p. 13
2043:p. 63
2004:p. 60
1978:p. 54
1892:p. 57
1863:p. 76
1795:p. 73
1769:p. 97
1673:p. 35
1583:p. 89
1566:Lyon
1544:p. 32
1476:p. 73
1463:p. 12
1395:p. 36
1369:p. 90
1317:p. 36
1210:p. 37
1034:, or
997:Notes
894:Kings
422:prior
355:Curia
343:Forde
336:Roger
229:Forde
160:near
3930:Pre-
3350:(II)
3275:(II)
3082:OCLC
3043:OCLC
3024:ISBN
3002:ISBN
2980:ISBN
2958:ISBN
2939:ISBN
2913:ISBN
2891:ISBN
2869:ISBN
2852:OCLC
2830:ISBN
2808:ISBN
2791:OCLC
2772:ISBN
2753:ISBN
2734:ISBN
2708:ISBN
2688:OCLC
2666:ISBN
2646:2007
2618:2007
2587:ISBN
2565:ISBN
2546:ISBN
2526:2008
2494:OCLC
2475:ISBN
2456:ISBN
2439:OCLC
2417:ISBN
2398:ISBN
2381:OCLC
2362:ISBN
2340:ISBN
2317:2008
891:and
854:and
819:and
720:Acre
708:Tyre
671:and
663:and
633:John
560:mass
498:Hugh
432:, a
369:and
329:the
225:monk
211:Pope
188:Ford
162:Acre
155:Died
137:Born
4052:Oda
3314:(I)
3222:(I)
2635:doi
2515:doi
2306:doi
1123:at
881:at
675:to
309:at
186:or
4753::
3069:35
3067:.
2629:.
2604:.
2509:.
2300:.
2099:^
1954:^
1913:^
1897:^
1868:^
1813:^
1730:^
1617:^
1588:^
1494:^
1426:^
1280:^
1245:^
1227:^
1199:^
1161:^
1141:^
1099:,
955:.
897:,
800:,
792:,
788:,
784:,
623:,
582:,
570:.
471:.
428:,
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278:,
192:c.
164:,
146:,
123:c.
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3182:e
3175:t
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3088:.
3049:.
3032:.
3010:.
2988:.
2966:.
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2637::
2620:.
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2573:.
2554:.
2528:.
2517::
2500:.
2483:.
2464:.
2445:.
2425:.
2406:.
2387:.
2370:.
2348:.
2319:.
2308::
1127:.
190:(
20:)
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