58:
127:
65:
378:
thermometer used sliding colored cylinders to record maximum and minimum temperatures, and these cylinders were about 7 to 8 degrees
Celsius long on the thermometer scale. The WMO now believes that the inexperienced observer was reading from the wrong end of the high-temperature cylinder inside the thermometer, getting a reading which was 7 to 8 degrees too high.
377:
On 11 September 1922, the usual record keeper was replaced by an inexperienced observer, who was untrained in the use of the thermometer and the record log. This is known by the change in handwriting on the log sheets and by the high and low temperatures being recorded in the wrong columns. The
385:
announced that the WMO Commission of
Climatology World Archive of Weather and Climate Extremes had found that the record was invalid. As such, the world record for hottest temperature is now 56.7 °C (134.1 °F), recorded on 10 July 1913 at Greenland Ranch in
807:
811:
926:
355:, which would have absorbed more sunlight and made the air there artificially hotter, explaining a period of very hot readings there from 1919 to 1928.
712:
89:
765:"World Meteorological Organization Assessment of the Purported World Record 58°C Temperature Extreme at El Azizia, Libya (13 September 1922)"
304:
and served as its capital. ʽAziziya is a major trade centre of the Sahel
Jeffare plateau, being on a trade route from the coast to the
1109:
332:). On 13 September 1922, a high temperature of 58.0 °C (136.4 °F) was recorded in Al-ʿAzīzīyah. This was long considered the
919:
199:
850:"QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE WORLD'S HOTTEST TEMPERATURE ON RECORD: 136.4°F (58°C) AT Al-ʿAzīzīyah, LIBYA SEPTEMBER 13, 1922"
733:
912:
1119:
1070:
894:
382:
321:
872:
707:
849:
57:
1124:
367:
347:
The weather station was first in 'Aziziya town, but, in 1919, it was moved to a hilltop fort, where the
904:
333:
17:
343:
Even before it was officially declared illegitimate, the 1922 reading was still controversial:
293:
1114:
325:
191:
336:
on Earth, however this record was deemed illegitimate in 2012 after an investigation by the
776:
702:
312:
region to the south. As of 2006, the town's population has been estimated at over 23,399.
301:
262:
8:
359:
780:
936:
149:
358:
Shortly before the record reading on 13 September 1922, the weather station's usual
784:
305:
216:
348:
246:
1036:
956:
741:
289:
789:
764:
1103:
1085:
1072:
1051:
592:
391:
104:
91:
1001:
981:
966:
961:
387:
142:
254:
991:
976:
690:
996:
371:
363:
352:
810:. World Meteorological Organization. 13 September 2012. Archived from
182:
713:
United States
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
971:
951:
297:
934:
1011:
986:
28:
1056:
1041:
1016:
309:
281:
187:
154:
234:
228:
1046:
1031:
1026:
1021:
940:
285:
132:
1006:
802:
800:
703:"Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation"
237:
219:
337:
797:
288:, 41 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of the capital
231:
225:
870:
847:
300:in the Arab world. Before 2001, it was part of the
222:
873:"World Heat Record Overturned—A Personal Account"
270:
1101:
740:. Arizona State University. 2012. Archived from
769:Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
292:. From 1918 to 1922, it was the capital of the
833:"Broken thermometer led to a record breaker".
691:15 years and older (Libyan and non-Libyan) see
920:
763:El Fadli, KI; et al. (September 2012).
726:
362:had been damaged and then replaced by an un
927:
913:
871:Burt, Christopher C. (13 September 2012).
788:
762:
756:
738:World Weather / Climate Extremes Archive
315:
848:Burt, Christopher C. (8 October 2010).
14:
1102:
908:
686:
684:
682:
280:, is a small town and capital of the
895:"El Azizia Monthly Climate Averages"
1110:Populated places in Jafara District
250:
24:
679:
25:
1136:
383:World Meteorological Organization
334:highest temperature ever measured
402:Climate data for Aziziya, Libya
215:
125:
64:
63:
56:
887:
864:
841:
826:
695:
13:
1:
708:National Climatic Data Center
322:Köppen climate classification
734:"World: Highest Temperature"
36:Place in Tripolitania, Libya
7:
808:"WMO Press release No. 956"
521:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
451:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
368:maximum-minimum thermometer
271:
263:
255:
10:
1141:
664:
401:
381:On 13 September 2012, the
370:of the kind often used in
26:
1120:Weather extremes of Earth
947:
790:10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00093.1
590:
520:
450:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
284:district in northwestern
198:
181:
173:
168:
160:
148:
138:
120:
85:
51:
41:
935:Administrative seats of
672:
388:Death Valley, California
164:390 ft (119 m)
302:ʽAziziya District
294:Tripolitanian Republic
1086:32.53083°N 13.02111°E
875:. Weather Underground
852:. Weather Underground
326:hot semi-arid climate
316:Geography and climate
276:), sometimes spelled
105:32.53083°N 13.02111°E
351:was set up on black
27:For other uses, see
1082: /
837:. 13 November 2010.
814:on 18 December 2023
781:2013BAMS...94..199E
360:maximum thermometer
296:, the first formal
101: /
1125:Baladiyat of Libya
1091:32.53083; 13.02111
200:License Plate Code
174: • Total
110:32.53083; 13.02111
1065:
1064:
744:on 4 January 2013
669:
668:
324:, 'Aziziya has a
320:According to the
208:
207:
77:Location in Libya
16:(Redirected from
1132:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1075:
929:
922:
915:
906:
905:
899:
898:
891:
885:
884:
882:
880:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
845:
839:
838:
830:
824:
823:
821:
819:
804:
795:
794:
792:
760:
754:
753:
751:
749:
730:
724:
723:
721:
719:
699:
693:
688:
399:
398:
306:Nafusa Mountains
274:
266:
258:
252:
244:
243:
240:
239:
236:
233:
230:
227:
224:
221:
131:
129:
128:
116:
115:
113:
112:
111:
106:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
67:
66:
60:
39:
38:
21:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1100:
1099:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1061:
943:
933:
903:
902:
893:
892:
888:
878:
876:
869:
865:
855:
853:
846:
842:
835:Daily Telegraph
832:
831:
827:
817:
815:
806:
805:
798:
761:
757:
747:
745:
732:
731:
727:
717:
715:
701:
700:
696:
689:
680:
675:
670:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
349:weather station
318:
218:
214:
126:
124:
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
87:
81:
80:
79:
78:
75:
74:
73:
72:
68:
47:
44:
37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1138:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
945:
944:
932:
931:
924:
917:
909:
901:
900:
886:
863:
840:
825:
796:
755:
725:
694:
677:
676:
674:
671:
667:
666:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
588:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
448:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
404:
403:
397:
396:
395:
379:
375:
356:
317:
314:
211:ʽAziziya
206:
205:
202:
196:
195:
185:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
166:
165:
162:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
122:
118:
117:
83:
82:
76:
71:ʽAziziya
70:
69:
62:
61:
55:
54:
53:
52:
49:
48:
45:
43:ʽAziziya
42:
35:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1137:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
946:
942:
938:
937:the districts
930:
925:
923:
918:
916:
911:
910:
907:
896:
890:
874:
867:
851:
844:
836:
829:
813:
809:
803:
801:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
759:
743:
739:
735:
729:
714:
710:
709:
704:
698:
692:
687:
685:
683:
678:
663:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
594:
593:precipitation
589:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
519:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
449:
405:
400:
393:
392:United States
389:
384:
380:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:
350:
346:
345:
344:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
273:
267:
265:
259:
257:
256:al-ʿAzīziyyah
248:
242:
212:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
167:
163:
159:
156:
153:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
134:
123:
119:
114:
86:Coordinates:
84:
59:
50:
40:
34:
30:
19:
1115:Tripolitania
1067:
889:
877:. Retrieved
866:
854:. Retrieved
843:
834:
828:
816:. Retrieved
812:the original
772:
768:
758:
746:. Retrieved
742:the original
737:
728:
716:. Retrieved
706:
697:
595:mm (inches)
342:
329:
319:
277:
269:
264:al-ʻAzīzīyah
261:
253:
210:
209:
143:Tripolitania
33:
1089: /
372:greenhouses
366:, ordinary
272:al-ʿazīzīya
108: /
1104:Categories
1077:13°01′16″E
1074:32°31′51″N
879:12 January
818:5 December
775:(2): 199.
748:15 January
718:3 December
364:calibrated
169:Population
96:13°01′16″E
93:32°31′51″N
856:9 October
665:Source:
278:El Azizia
183:Time zone
161:Elevation
972:Benghazi
962:‘Aziziya
952:Ajdabiya
660:(10.54)
591:Average
308:and the
298:republic
251:العزيزية
150:District
46:العزيزية
1037:Tripoli
1012:Misrata
987:Gharian
957:Al Jawf
777:Bibcode
635:(0.03)
630:(0.01)
586:(65.0)
581:(53.1)
576:(61.0)
571:(71.1)
566:(77.0)
561:(79.0)
556:(78.1)
551:(75.0)
546:(68.0)
541:(62.1)
536:(55.0)
531:(51.1)
526:(50.0)
516:(80.8)
511:(64.9)
506:(73.9)
501:(84.0)
496:(93.2)
491:(96.3)
486:(96.1)
481:(93.0)
476:(87.1)
471:(80.1)
466:(72.0)
461:(66.0)
456:(63.0)
390:in the
290:Tripoli
121:Country
29:Aziziye
18:Aziziya
1057:Zuwara
1052:Zawiya
1042:Tobruk
1017:Murzuk
655:(1.9)
650:(1.5)
645:(1.3)
640:(0.5)
625:(0.2)
620:(0.3)
615:(0.5)
610:(1.3)
605:(1.6)
600:(1.4)
407:Month
353:tarmac
310:Fezzan
282:Jafara
247:Arabic
177:23,399
155:Jafara
139:Region
130:
1047:Ubari
1032:Sirte
1027:Sebha
1022:Nalut
1002:Khoms
982:Derna
967:Beida
941:Libya
673:Notes
446:Year
286:Libya
188:UTC+2
133:Libya
1007:Marj
992:Ghat
977:Brak
881:2013
858:2010
820:2016
750:2013
720:2008
584:18.3
579:11.7
574:16.1
569:21.7
564:25.0
559:26.1
554:25.6
549:23.9
544:20.0
539:16.7
534:12.8
529:10.6
524:10.0
514:27.1
509:18.3
504:23.3
499:28.9
494:34.0
489:35.7
484:35.6
479:33.9
474:30.6
469:26.7
464:22.2
459:18.9
454:17.2
443:Dec
440:Nov
437:Oct
434:Sep
431:Aug
428:Jul
425:Jun
422:May
419:Apr
416:Mar
413:Feb
410:Jan
997:Hun
939:of
785:doi
658:266
633:0.8
628:0.2
338:WMO
330:BSh
192:EET
1106::
799:^
783:.
773:94
771:.
767:.
736:.
711:.
705:.
681:^
653:47
648:37
643:32
638:13
613:13
608:33
603:41
598:36
340:.
268:/
260:/
249::
245:;
235:iː
229:iː
204:25
928:e
921:t
914:v
897:.
883:.
860:.
822:.
793:.
787::
779::
752:.
722:.
623:5
618:8
394:.
374:.
328:(
241:/
238:ə
232:z
226:z
223:ˈ
220:ə
217:/
213:(
194:)
190:(
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
