781:, he was certainly a product of its mission, helping to co-found the Black Horizon Theatre in his hometown of Pittsburgh in 1968. Situated in Pittsburgh's Hill District, a historically and predominantly Black neighborhood, the Black Horizon Theatre became a cultural hub of Black creativity and community building. As a playwright of what is considered the Post–Black Arts Movement, Wilson inherited the spirit of BAM, producing plays that celebrated the history and poetic sensibilities of Black people. His iconic Century Cycle successfully tracked and synthesized the experiences of Black America in the 20th century, using each historical decade, from 1904 to 1997, to document the physical, emotional, mental, and political strivings of Black life in the wake of emancipation.
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489:. He began to write in bars, the local cigar store, and cafes—longhand on table napkins and on yellow notepads, absorbing the voices and characters around him. He liked to write on cafe napkins because, he said, it freed him up and made him less self-conscious as a writer. He would then gather the notes and type them up at home. Gifted with a talent for catching dialect and accents, Wilson had an "astonishing memory", which he put to full use during his career. He slowly learned not to censor the language he heard when incorporating it into his work.
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905:. The plays are each set in a different decade and aim to sketch the Black experience in the 20th century and "raise consciousness through theater" and echo "the poetry in the everyday language of Black America". His writing of the Black experience always featured strong female characters and sometimes included elements of the supernatural. In his book, he wrote "My mother's a very strong, principled woman. My female characters . . . come in a large part from my mother"
737:. One of the most notable examples of Wilson's strong opinions and critiques of what was Black theater's state in the 1990s, was the "On Cultural Power: The August Wilson/Robert Brustein Discussion" where Wilson argued for a completely Black theater with all positions filled by Blacks. Conversely, he argued that Black actors should not play roles not specifically Black (e.g., no Black Hamlet). Brustein heatedly took an opposing view.
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552:, which he revised more than two decades later as part of his 10-play cycle on 20th-century Pittsburgh. He had no directing experience. He recalled: "Someone had looked around and said, 'Who's going to be the director?' I said, 'I will.' I said that because I knew my way around the library. So I went to look for a book on how to direct a play. I found one called
913:. In the play, the piano is used and releases spirits of the ancestors. Wilson wanted to create such an event in the play that the audience was left to decide what was real or not. He was fascinated by the power of theater as a medium where a community at large could come together to bear witness to events and currents unfolding.
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Wilson knew that he wanted to be a writer, but this created tension with his mother, who wanted him to become a lawyer. She forced him to leave the family home and he enlisted in the United States Army for a three-year stint in 1962, but he was discharged after a year and went back to working various
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and Todd
Kreidler. High school students, supported by professional actors, mentors, local drama teachers and others learn a monologue from one of Wilson's plays, and perform it in front of a professional jury. This tribute to Wilson's work is an official contest in many American cities including, as
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The economically depressed neighborhood where he was raised was inhabited predominantly by Black
Americans and Jewish and Italian immigrants. Life was tough for the Kittel siblings as they were biracial. August struggled with finding a sense of belonging to a particular culture and did not feel that
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Although the plays of the cycle are not strictly connected to the degree of a serial story, some characters appear (at various ages) in more than one of the cycle's plays. Children of characters in earlier plays may appear in later plays. The character most frequently mentioned in the cycle is Aunt
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I once wrote this short story called "The Best Blues Singer in the World", and it went like this—"The streets that Balboa walked were his own private ocean, and Balboa was drowning." End of story. That says it all. Nothing else to say. I've been rewriting that same story over and over again. All my
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Like
Bearden, Wilson worked with collage techniques in writing: "I try to make my plays the equal of his canvases. In creating plays I often use the image of a stewing pot in which I toss various things that I'm going to make use of—a black cat, a garden, a bicycle, a man with a scar on his face, a
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From Borges, those wonderful gaucho stories from which I learned that you can be specific as to a time and place and culture and still have the work resonate with the universal themes of love, honor, duty, betrayal, etc. From Amiri Baraka, I learned that all art is political, although I don't write
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immigrant, who was a baker/pastry cook. His mother, Daisy Wilson, was an
African-American woman from North Carolina who cleaned homes for a living. Wilson's anecdotal history reports that his maternal grandmother walked from North Carolina to Pennsylvania in search of a better life. Wilson's mother
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revolves around the plan to demolish and redevelop that house, some years after her death. Aunt Ester is a symbolic and recurring figure that represents the
African-American struggle. She is "not literally three centuries old but a succession of folk priestesses... he embodies a weighty history of
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they see a garbageman, a person they don't really look at, although they see a garbageman every day. By looking at Troy's life, White people find out that the content of this Black garbageman's life is affected by the same things – love, honor, beauty, betrayal, duty. Recognizing that these things
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Wilson was married three times. His first marriage was to Brenda Burton from 1969 to 1972. They had one daughter, Sakina Ansari, born 1970. In 1981, he married Judy Oliver, a social worker; they divorced in 1990. He married again in 1994 and was survived by his third wife, costume designer
1281:. All shows were Hawaii premieres, all were extremely successful at the box office and garnered many local theatre awards for the actors and the organization. The Black Rep in St. Louis and the Anthony Bean Community Theater in New Orleans have also presented the complete cycle.
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resulted in its later awarding him an honorary high school diploma. Wilson, who said he had learned to read at the age of four, began reading Black writers at the library when he was 12 and spent the remainder of his teen years educating himself through the books of
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he truly fit into
African-American culture or White culture until later in life. Wilson's mother divorced his father and married David Bedford in the 1950s, and the family moved from the Hill District to the then predominantly White working-class neighborhood of
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has shepherded the films and has vowed to continue Wilson's legacy by adapting the rest of his plays into films for a wider audience. Washington said, "the greatest part of what's left of my career is making sure that August is taken care of".
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434:. Wilson hid his decision from his mother because he did not want to disappoint her. At the age of 16 he began working menial jobs, where he met a wide variety of people on whom some of his later characters were based, such as Sam in
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of 2020, Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Dallas, Greensboro, Los
Angeles, New Haven, New York, Norfolk, Pittsburgh, Portland, San Diego, and Seattle. The national winner of the contest gets the chance to perform on Broadway.
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but dropped out after one year. He then attended
Connelley Vocational High School, but found the curriculum unchallenging. He dropped out of Gladstone High School in the 10th grade in 1960 after his teacher accused him of
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supported. In 1969 Wilson married Brenda Burton, a Muslim, and became associated with the NOI, though he reportedly did not convert. He and Brenda had one daughter, Sakina Ansari-Wilson. The couple divorced in 1972.
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said that Wilson's writing "captures our humor, our vulnerabilities, our tragedies, our trauma. And he humanizes us. And he allows us to talk." Since Wilson's death, two of his plays have been adapted into films:
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raised the children alone until he was five in a two-room apartment behind a grocery store at 1727 Bedford Avenue; his father was mostly absent from his childhood. Wilson later wrote under his mother's surname.
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Wilson maintained a strong voice in the progress and development of the (then) contemporary Black theater, undoubtedly taking influences from the examples of his youth, such as those displayed during the
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As for the elements of the supernatural, Wilson often featured some form of superstition or old tradition in plays that came down to supernatural roots. One of his plays well known for featuring this is
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272:; April 27, 1945 – October 2, 2005) was an American playwright. He has been referred to as the "theater's poet of Black America". He is best known for a series of 10 plays, collectively called
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The childhood home of Wilson and his six siblings, at 1727 Bedford Avenue in
Pittsburgh, was declared a historic landmark by the State of Pennsylvania on May 30, 2007. On February 26, 2008,
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explores his days as a struggling young writer in
Pittsburgh's Hill District and how the neighborhood and its people inspired his cycle of plays about the African-American experience.
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Frederick August Kittel Jr. changed his name to August Wilson to honor his mother after his father's death in 1965. That same year, he discovered the blues as sung by
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376:, where they encountered racial hostility; bricks were thrown through a window at their new home. They were soon forced out of their house and on to their next home.
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Wilson received many honorary degrees, including an honorary Doctor of Humanities from the University of Pittsburgh, of which he was a trustee from 1992 until 1995.
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about the power of art and the power of possibility. This was produced at New York's Signature Theatre and directed by Todd Kreidler, Wilson's friend and protégé.
483:, and he bought a stolen typewriter for $ 10, which he often pawned when money was tight. At 20, he decided he was a poet and submitted work to such magazines as
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1322:. They had a daughter, Azula Carmen Wilson. Wilson also was survived by siblings Freda Ellis, Linda Jean Kittel, Richard Kittel, Donna Conley and Edwin Kittel.
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In Seattle, Washington, along the south side of the Seattle Repertory Theatre, the vacated Republican Street between Warren Avenue N. and 2nd Avenue N. on the
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was the first theater in the world to produce the entire 10-play cycle, in productions which spanned from 1986 to 2007. Two of the Goodman's productions—
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political plays. From Romare Bearden I learned that the fullness and richness of everyday life can be rendered without compromise or sentimentality.
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has produced all 10 plays, finishing in 2012. During Wilson's life he worked closely with The Huntington to produce the later plays.
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which chronicle the experiences and heritage of the African-American community in the 20th century. Plays in the series include
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featuring him as part of the Black Heritage series of stamps. It was designed by Ethel Kessler with art from Tim O'Brien.
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in Minneapolis. He quit the museum in 1981, but continued writing plays. For three years, he was a part-time cook for the
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2424:. It is the first Broadway theatre to bear the name of an African-American. The theatre has run many shows, including
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In September 2016, an existing community park near his childhood home was renovated and renamed August Wilson Park.
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Given at the 11th biennial Theatre Communications Group national conference at New Jersey’s Princeton University.
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Written in 1986; Presented as a staged reading in 1987 at the O'Neill Theater's National Playwrights' Conference.
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This article is about the late-20th-century writer. For the late-19th-century writer Augusta J. Evans Wilson, see
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was the first theater company in Pittsburgh to produce the entire Century Cycle, including the world premiere of
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are as much part of his life as theirs can affect how they think about and deal with Black people in their lives.
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Though he was a writer dedicated to writing for theater, a Hollywood studio proposed filming Wilson's play
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in June 2005 and been given three to five months to live. He died at age 60 on October 2 of that year at
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3170:"10 Plays, 100 Years – Playwright August Wilson Reveals the History of a Community (From the Playbill)"
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TAG – The Actors' Group, in Honolulu, Hawaii, produced all 10 plays in the cycle starting in 2004 with
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named May 27 "August Wilson Day". He was honored because he is the only person from Minnesota to win a
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I think my plays offer (White Americans) a different way to look at Black Americans. For instance, in
383:. His experiences growing up there with a strong matriarch shaped the way his plays would be written.
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Two years before his death in 2005, Wilson wrote and performed an unpublished one-man play entitled
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3881:"University of Pittsburgh Library System Acquires Archive of Renowned Playwright August Wilson"
2733:"Denzel Washington Wants Samuel L. Jackson to Star in Film of August Wilson's The Piano Lesson"
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3212:"August Wilson: The Ground on Which I Stand | Biography and Timeline | American Masters | PBS"
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3381:"Listen to Playwright August Wilson's American Century Cycle in Its Entirety: 10 Free Plays"
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1990: Governor's Awards for Excellence in the Arts and Distinguished Pennsylvania Artists
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Written in 1965-1973; Originally named "Recycling"; Directed and Acted by August Wilson.
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mentally impaired oracular character (different in each play)—for example, Hedley Sr. in
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3338:"The final installment of August Wilson's epic Pittsburgh Cycle premieres at the Public"
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2672:"Denzel Washington on bringing August Wilson's "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" to the screen"
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acquired Wilson's literary papers and materials to establish the August Wilson Archive.
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Other themes range from the systemic and historical exploitation of African Americans,
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3106:"August Wilson and Black Horizon Theatre | Pitt Chronicle | University of Pittsburgh"
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Although Wilson's work is not formally recognized within the literary canon of the
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Written and Published in 1984. First Performed in 1986 at Yale Repertory Theater.
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He valued Bullins and Baldwin for their honest representations of everyday life.
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2637:"August Wilson, Theater's Poet of Black America, Is Dead at 60 (Published 2005)"
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pregnant woman, a man with a gun." On the meaning of his work, Wilson stated:
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Wilson stated that he was most influenced by "the four Bs": blues music, the
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2845:"The Fences They Build: August Wilson's Depiction of African-American Women"
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In the years after Wilson's death the 10-play cycle has been referred to as
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Wilson, Scott; Mank, Gregory W. (forward) (2016). "Wilson, August #13712".
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1992,2007: New York Drama Critics Circle Citation for Best American Play –
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Written in 1980; Originally intended to be Wilson's play about the 1940's.
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The Hill District went on to become the setting of numerous plays in the
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3713:"Explore and Visit \ The August Wilson African American Cultural Center"
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804:(1990) (a Pulitzer Prize and the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award),
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Throughout the 1980s, Wilson wrote the majority of his work including
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2001:Outer Critics Circle Award for John Gassner Playwriting Award –
820:
626:
625:, which has been unproduced and unpublished, in 1980. It follows the
531:
503:
4248:
3589:
3465:
May All Your Fences Have Gates: Essays On The Drama of August Wilson
1469:
One Man and One Woman plays written while Wilson was working at the
518:
movement spoke to him regarding self-sufficiency, self-defense, and
6517:
5173:
3421:
Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons
936:
Ester, a "washer of souls". She is reported to be 285 years old in
492:
2699:"Denzel Washington Honors August Wilson's Legacy at House Opening"
2483:
1985: New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best American Play
694:
In 1990, Wilson left St. Paul after getting divorced and moved to
601:, who helped him secure a job writing educational scripts for the
476:
odd jobs as a porter, short-order cook, gardener, and dishwasher.
5056:
3574:"Blues, History, and Dramaturgy: An Interview with August Wilson"
3541:"Chapter IX: "I Can't Take It!": August Wilson Leaves Pittsburgh"
2819:
942:, which takes place in her home at 1839 Wylie Avenue, and 349 in
695:
86:
2601:
2005: Make Shift Award at the U.S. Confederation of Play Writers
2439:
In 2007, the August Wilson Monologue Competition was founded by
43:
4289:"August Wilson, Theater's Poet of Black America, Is Dead at 60"
2779:"August Wilson, Theater's Poet of Black America, Is Dead at 60"
1569:; the 1984 production was the play's first open performance at
1249:
702:, which produced his entire 10-play cycle and his one-man show
3980:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
3842:"Newly-Renovated August Wilson Park Unveiled In Hill District"
2883:"American Masters, August Wilson: The Ground on Which I Stand"
6811:
4217:
3312:"Israel Hicks, Director of August Wilson's Cycle, Dies at 66"
2945:
2409:
On October 16, 2005, fourteen days after Wilson's death, the
1342:, on October 8. He reportedly requested a "Black funeral" at
5035:
1232:
produced the entire 10-play cycle from 1990 to 2009 for the
409:
American Masters, August Wilson: The Ground on Which I Stand
3883:(Press release). University of Pittsburgh. October 29, 2020
3080:"In the Rush to Progress, the Past Is Never Too Far Behind"
2598:
2004: The U.S. Comedy Arts Festival Freedom of Speech Award
2498:
1986: Guggenheim Fellowship for Drama & Performance Art
1240:
produced all 10 plays in decade order from 2007 to 2011 as
745:
In 2005, Wilson's final installment in his ten-part series
421:
In 1959, Wilson was one of 14 African-American students at
3856:"August Wilson Archive | University of Pittsburgh Library"
2573:
2000: New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play –
2564:
1996: New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play –
2525:
1990: New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play –
2516:
1988: New York Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Play –
2507:
1988: Literary Lion Award from the New York Public Library
1449:
Written in 1978; part of "The Wood of the Cross" trilogy.
1429:
Written in 1976; part of "The Wood of the Cross" trilogy.
4070:"Theater Hall of Fame honors August Wilson, seven others"
2886:
412:
3023:"Denzel Washington's Fences Film Begins Shooting Today"
4231:
NPR Intersections: August Wilson, Writing to the Blues
3291:"Court Theatre stages August Wilson's 'Seven Guitars'"
1588:
Part of "The Wood of the Cross" trilogy. Published in
1413:; Directed by Vernell Lillie; Produced again in 1989.
633:
fight in 1941 and the loss of values attendant on the
619:
Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) grant
6949:
4344:
4002:"Saint Louis Literary Award – Saint Louis University"
2611:
2013: Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Revival –
1565:
Writers to introduce them to some of his work beyond
617:
of St. Paul, which was initially funded by a federal
3816:"Visions For a New Seattle Center Being Made Public"
2814:
Twentieth-Century American Dramatists: Second Series
2549:
1992: American Theatre Critics' Association Award –
506:'s voice influenced Wilson's life and work (such as
7042:
Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
3665:"State Memorializes August Wilson's Childhood Home"
3131:"August Wilson, Pulitzer winning playwright: Plays"
355:Wilson was born Frederick August Kittel Jr. in the
3717:The August Wilson African American Cultural Center
2811:
885:that takes on a mythic literary significance like
726:. It earned Wilson a posthumous Oscar nomination.
325:, identity, migration, and racial discrimination.
4270:"Theater Is to Be Renamed for a Dying Playwright"
4142:August Wilson Center for African American Culture
3904:"August Wilson's literary archive is coming home"
3739:"Theater Is to Be Renamed for a Dying Playwright"
2404:August Wilson Center for African American Culture
2239:Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries or a Special
1561:The 1982 production was a reading Wilson did for
961:tragedy and triumph". The plays often include an
7077:Central Catholic High School (Pittsburgh) alumni
6997:20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
6973:
4132:August Wilson Archives, University of Pittsburgh
3662:
3000:(5th ed.). Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press.
2389:List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations
1330:Wilson reported that he had been diagnosed with
769:. It would become known as Wilson's final work.
753:, opened. It was first performed in 2005 by the
621:and which premiered some of his plays. He wrote
4029:"Recipients of the Saint Louis Literary Award"
3736:
3423:(3rd ed.). McFarland & Company, Inc.
3055:. The University of Pittsburgh. Archived from
2941:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2931:
2929:
1541:Written in 1979; Performed October 29th,1982.
314:(1988). In 2006, Wilson was inducted into the
7037:Deaths from liver cancer in the United States
6797:
5021:
4330:
4218:Bonnie Lyons, George Plimpton (Winter 1999).
3190:. Theatre Communications Group. p. 151.
2946:Bonnie Lyons, George Plimpton (Winter 1999).
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
564:In 1976, Vernell Lillie, who had founded the
3813:
3046:
2451:grounds has been renamed August Wilson Way.
1519:Written in 1977; Originally accepted at the
597:, at the suggestion of his friend, director
7007:African-American dramatists and playwrights
4027:Saint Louis University Library Associates.
2926:
772:
522:, and he appreciated the origin myths that
6804:
6790:
5028:
5014:
4337:
4323:
4233:, March 1, 2004, audio interview (6 mins).
4220:"August Wilson, The Art of Theater No. 14"
3418:
3156:"August Wilson's 'Pittsburgh Cycle' Plays"
2948:"August Wilson, The Art of Theater No. 14"
2788:
2696:
42:
6816:
3639:"Oscar-nominated 'Fences' has Yale roots"
3556:
3103:
2994:Dean, Alexander; Carra, Lawrence (2009).
2993:
2634:
1789:
948:. She dies in 1985, during the events of
698:. There he developed a relationship with
613:. Wilson had a long association with the
23:. For the United States Navy sailor, see
7032:Deaths from cancer in Washington (state)
4147:Berkeley Rep profile of Wilson and works
4097:
4068:Rawson, Christopher (January 31, 2007).
4055:"The Heinz Awards :: August Wilson"
3839:
3636:
3502:
3335:
3288:
3237:Rawson, Christopher (November 9, 2009).
3077:
2730:
2585:2002: Olivier Award for Best new Play –
2379:The August Wilson Theatre, New York City
2374:
491:
3571:
3256:
3104:Greenwood, Jill King (March 16, 2015).
2842:
865:
605:. In 1980 he received a fellowship for
6974:
4067:
3538:
3354:
3236:
3185:
3020:
2809:
2777:Isherwood, Charles (October 3, 2005),
2773:
2635:Isherwood, Charles (October 3, 2005).
7002:21st-century African-American writers
6992:20th-century African-American writers
6785:
5009:
4318:
3789:"August Wilson Monologue Competition"
3600:– via Indiana State University.
3534:
3532:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3462:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3309:
3181:
3179:
3049:"Remembering August Wilson 1945–2005"
2963:
2961:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2731:Sullivan, Lindsey (October 2, 2020).
2697:Gratzinger, Ollie (August 14, 2022).
1479:"Profiles in Science: William Harvey"
572:two years earlier, directed Wilson's
7047:National Humanities Medal recipients
3902:Pitz, Marylynne (October 29, 2020).
3901:
3737:Jesse McKinley (September 2, 2005).
3637:Cummings, Mike (February 22, 2017).
3336:Isenberg, Robert (October 2, 2008).
2630:
2628:
2397:National Register of Historic Places
2370:
2252:New York Drama Critics' Circle Award
1590:Short Pieces from the New Dramatists
861:plays are rewriting that same story.
499:at 1727 Bedford Avenue in Pittsburgh
3793:Portland Center Stage at the Armory
3687:
13:
7067:Writers from Saint Paul, Minnesota
4102:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
4091:
3840:Arbogast, Sarah (August 8, 2016).
3529:
3507:. New York: Simon & Schuster.
3481:
3445:
3399:publictheater.culturaldistrict.org
3289:Houlihan, Mary (January 8, 2014).
3176:
2958:
2909:"August Wilson | Encyclopedia.com"
2875:
2750:
1612:Written in 1983; Produced in 1985
554:The Fundamentals of Play Directing
14:
7088:
7017:American people of German descent
4125:
3663:Associated Press (May 31, 2007).
3047:Bruce Steele (October 10, 2005).
3021:Viagas, Robert (April 22, 2016).
2625:
2479:Other awards and honors by year:
1481:and a play about Charles Darwin.
166:in the Arts and Humanities (2004)
7052:Pulitzer Prize for Drama winners
6959:
4994:
4987:
3929:"August Wilson Stamp | USPS.com"
3359:. Theatre Communications Group.
2510:1988: Golden Plate Award of the
1338:in Seattle, and was interred at
1306:
1242:August Wilson's American Century
877:, also often referred to as his
403:
394:
222:
195:
4061:
4047:
4020:
3994:
3988:American Academy of Achievement
3972:
3946:
3921:
3895:
3873:
3848:
3833:
3807:
3781:
3756:
3730:
3705:
3656:
3630:
3604:
3572:Shannon, Sandra (Winter 1993).
3565:
3412:
3387:
3373:
3348:
3329:
3303:
3282:
3230:
3204:
3162:
3148:
3123:
3097:
3071:
3040:
3014:
2987:
2973:A Journey through NYC religions
2570:1999: National Humanities Medal
2512:American Academy of Achievement
1567:Black Bart and the Sacred Hills
1515:Black Bart and the Sacred Hills
1475:"An Evening with Margaret Mead"
1286:The August Wilson Century Cycle
530:In 1968, along with his friend
244:
218:
191:
16:American playwright (1945–2005)
4159:The Whiting Foundation Profile
4137:August Wilson Theatre Broadway
3820:The Seattle Post-Intelligencer
3814:Kathy Mulady (June 12, 2007).
3395:"How I Learned What I Learned"
2997:Fundamentals of Play Directing
2901:
2836:
2724:
2690:
2664:
1691:First Draft Finished in 1993.
1340:Greenwood Cemetery, Pittsburgh
784:Wilson's best-known plays are
443:Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
441:Wilson's extensive use of the
298:(1990), both of which won the
25:August Wilson (Medal of Honor)
1:
4263:
4186:
3860:augustwilson.library.pitt.edu
3539:Glasco, Larry (Spring 2019).
3310:Weber, Bruce (July 7, 2010).
3135:www.august-wilson-theatre.com
3078:Brantley, Ben (May 9, 2007).
2618:
2606:American Theatre Hall of Fame
2533:Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame
1277:and culminating in 2015 with
1234:Denver Center Theatre Company
883:African-American neighborhood
704:How I Learned What I Learned.
350:
316:American Theater Hall of Fame
6386:Marianna De Marco Torgovnick
3467:. University of Iowa Press.
3279:. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
3277:Theatre Communications Group
2501:1987: Artist of the Year by
2470:United States Postal Service
2222:Outstanding Television Movie
1742:How I Learned What I Learned
1465:"Profiles in Science" Series
1316:, whom he met on the set of
1297:How I Learned What I Learned
835:. He went on to add writers
576:. That same year Wilson saw
508:The Ground on Which I Stand,
430:a 20-page paper he wrote on
423:Central Catholic High School
7:
7012:American Book Award winners
6045:Mill Hunk Herald Collective
3612:"August Wilson: A Timeline"
3357:August Wilson Century Cycle
3188:The Ground on which I Stand
2843:Shannon, Sandra G. (1991).
2402:In Pittsburgh, there is an
1705:The Ground on Which I Stand
1531:Allegheny Repertory Theater
1471:Science Museum of Minnesota
1425:The Coldest Day of the Year
611:Little Brothers of the Poor
603:Science Museum of Minnesota
540:Hill District of Pittsburgh
270:Frederick August Kittel Jr.
54:Frederick August Kittel Jr.
10:
7093:
7072:African-American Catholics
6853:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
6442:Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni
4204:August Wilson on Blackness
4152:February 23, 2012, at the
2810:Little, Johnathan (2000).
2518:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
2286:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
1865:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
1818:
1627:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
1290:The American Century Cycle
1246:Huntington Theatre Company
1073:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
1020:Samuel J. Friedman Theatre
813:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
722:, starring Washington and
678:In 1987, St. Paul's mayor
666:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
311:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
135:Joe Turner's Come and Gone
18:
6904:
6823:
6657:
6599:Allison Adelle Hedge Coke
6591:
6510:
6419:
6334:
6258:
6174:
6070:
5972:
5873:Barbara Grizzuti Harrison
5860:
5769:
5676:
5586:
5516:
5414:
5321:
5283:Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn
5250:
5166:
5095:
5044:
4985:
4353:
3669:Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
3463:Nadel, Alan, ed. (1994).
3271:October 12, 2014, at the
2561:1992: Clarence Muse Award
2459:University Library System
2391:. On April 30, 2013, the
2326:
2255:
2250:
2225:
2215:
2210:
2105:
2100:
2037:Joe Tuner's Come and Gone
2006:
2001:
1823:
1737:Seattle Repertory Theater
1254:Pittsburgh Public Theater
700:Seattle Repertory Theatre
593:In 1978, Wilson moved to
588:Pittsburgh Public Theater
465:
402:
393:
388:
255:
170:
149:
115:
107:
97:
76:
50:
41:
34:
6929:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
6867:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
5832:Josephine Gattuso Hendin
4346:Pulitzer Prize for Drama
4098:Hartigan, Patti (2023).
3503:Hartigan, Patti (2023).
2540:St. Louis Literary Award
2486:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
2463:University of Pittsburgh
2387:placed the house on the
2260:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
2011:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
1831:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
1556:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
1348:University of Pittsburgh
1325:
1279:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
1031:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
954:. Much of the action of
807:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
773:Post–Black Arts Movement
765:premiere in 2007 at the
740:
689:
684:Pulitzer Prize for Drama
654:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
640:
615:Penumbra Theatre Company
570:University of Pittsburgh
559:
534:, Wilson co-founded the
470:
339:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
305:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
300:Pulitzer Prize for Drama
154:Pulitzer Prize for Drama
121:Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
7062:Writers from Pittsburgh
5659:Septima Poinsette Clark
5649:Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum
4281:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
4165:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
4074:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
3908:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
3764:"August Wilson Theatre"
3695:"Wilson, August, House"
3578:African American Review
3355:Wilson, August (2007).
3243:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
3186:Wilson, August (2001).
2385:Pittsburgh City Council
2195:Best Adapted Screenplay
1400:Kuntu Repertory Theater
1353:
1228:—were world premieres.
843:to the list. He noted:
607:The Playwrights' Center
566:Kuntu Repertory Theatre
542:. Wilson's first play,
497:Wilson's childhood home
5268:Evangelina Vigil-Piñón
3110:www.chronicle.pitt.edu
2595:in Arts and Humanities
2591:2004: The 10th Annual
2544:Saint Louis University
2472:honored Wilson with a
2380:
1983:Best Revival of a Play
1790:Awards and nominations
1773:Yale Repertory Theatre
1661:Yale Repertory Theatre
1621:Yale Repertory Theatre
1601:Yale Repertory Theater
1571:Yale Repertory Theater
1521:O’Neill Theater Center
1336:Swedish Medical Center
933:
897:, or Irish playwright
863:
850:
759:New Haven, Connecticut
755:Yale Repertory Theatre
500:
7027:Culture of Pittsburgh
6103:José Antonio Burciaga
6078:A'Lelia Perry Bundles
6050:Nora Marks Dauenhauer
5368:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge
5232:Ronald Phillip Tanaka
5072:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge
4948:Jackie Sibblies Drury
4259:, September 17, 2009.
4237:Interview with Wilson
4181:August Wilson Journal
4100:August Wilson: A Life
3545:August Wilson Journal
3505:August Wilson: A Life
3342:Pittsburgh City Paper
2422:August Wilson Theatre
2378:
2217:Primetime Emmy Awards
924:
887:Thomas Hardy's Wessex
858:
845:
595:Saint Paul, Minnesota
556:and checked it out."
536:Black Horizon Theater
495:
6685:E. Donald Two-Rivers
6558:Shirley Geok-lin Lim
6533:Guillermo Gómez-Peña
6220:Francisco X. AlarcĂłn
6088:Benjamin Alire Sáenz
5956:Shirley Geok-lin Lim
5917:José Emilio González
5852:William Minoru Hohri
5822:J. California Cooper
5663:Cynthia Stokes Brown
5483:Robert Edward Duncan
5391:Ellen Lai-shan Yeung
5113:Bienvenido N. Santos
5037:American Book Awards
4924:Stephen Adly Guirgis
4906:Quiara AlegrĂa Hudes
4872:David Lindsay-Abaire
4866:John Patrick Shanley
4546:Oscar Hammerstein II
4358:Jesse Lynch Williams
4276:, September 2, 2005.
4253:, article with video
4226:. Winter 1999 (153).
3675:on November 14, 2007
3059:on September 2, 2006
2954:. Winter 1999 (153).
2913:www.encyclopedia.com
2007:Outstanding New Play
1700:Princeton University
1411:Schenley High School
1344:Saint Paul Cathedral
895:Yoknapatawpha County
790:(1985) (which won a
637:to the urban North.
432:Napoleon I of France
275:The Pittsburgh Cycle
221: 1981;
194: 1969;
6286:Janet Campbell Hale
6025:Karen Tei Yamashita
5937:Michelle T. Clinton
5777:Alma Luz Villanueva
5714:Jimmy Santiago Baca
5644:Juan Felipe Herrera
5383:Ruthanne Lum McCunn
5227:Lorna Dee Cervantes
5067:Leslie Marmon Silko
5039:winners (1980–1999)
4214:, October 20, 1988.
3984:www.achievement.org
3558:10.5195/awj.2019.26
2975:. December 30, 2020
2889:. February 20, 2012
2678:. December 11, 2020
2413:in New York City's
2393:August Wilson House
2356:Best American Play
2311:Best American Play
1268:Downtown Pittsburgh
1238:Geva Theatre Center
1062:46th Street Theatre
1000:Opened on Broadway
779:Black Arts Movement
735:Black Arts Movement
583:Sizwe Banzi is Dead
7057:Tony Award winners
6895:Two Trains Running
6747:LuĂs Alberto Urrea
6609:Brenda Marie Osbey
6296:Lawson Fusao Inada
6153:Verlyn Klinkenborg
6054:Richard Dauenhauer
6015:John Edgar Wideman
5964:Margarita Donnelly
5533:Gloria E. AnzaldĂşa
5436:Colleen J. McElroy
5431:John Kuo Wei Tchen
5406:William J. Kennedy
5401:Venkatesh Kulkarni
5348:Imamu Amiri Baraka
5217:Joyce Carol Thomas
4954:Michael R. Jackson
4930:Lin-Manuel Miranda
4692:James Kirkwood Jr.
4602:Archibald MacLeish
4574:Tennessee Williams
4530:Tennessee Williams
4502:Robert E. Sherwood
4490:Robert E. Sherwood
4468:Robert E. Sherwood
4311:, October 4, 2005.
4295:, October 3, 2005.
4293:The New York Times
4274:The New York Times
4008:on August 23, 2016
3743:The New York Times
3316:The New York Times
3263:The August Wilson
3218:. January 28, 2015
3084:The New York Times
3053:The Pitt Chronicle
2783:The New York Times
2703:The New York Times
2642:The New York Times
2557:Two Trains Running
2551:Two Trains Running
2546:Library Associates
2381:
2315:Two Trains Running
2149:Two Trains Running
1899:Two Trains Running
1667:Two Trains Running
1275:Two Trains Running
1115:Two Trains Running
983:Two Trains Running
977:, Stool Pigeon in
945:Two Trains Running
716:directed the film
520:self-determination
501:
111:Author, playwright
102:Greenwood Cemetery
7022:Converts to Islam
6947:
6946:
6779:
6778:
6548:Montserrat Fontes
6447:E.J. Miller Laino
6342:Abraham Rodriguez
6326:Virginia L. Kroll
6235:Leroy V. Quintana
6215:Eugene B. Redmond
6191:Christopher Mogil
6158:William B. Branch
6128:Peter Kalifornsky
6062:Thomas Centolella
5980:Alejandro MurguĂa
5927:Lloyd A. Thompson
5842:Shuntaro Tanikawa
5812:Henry Louis Gates
5747:Salvatore La Puma
5258:Barbara Christian
5212:Jerome Rothenberg
5194:Hilton Obenzinger
5158:Toni Cade Bambara
5003:
5002:
4776:Wendy Wasserstein
4706:Michael Cristofer
4478:George S. Kaufman
4436:George S. Kaufman
4285:, October 3, 2005
3844:. CBS Pittsburgh.
3296:Chicago Sun-Times
3007:978-1-57766-648-6
2829:978-0-7876-3137-6
2820:Detroit, Michigan
2395:was added to the
2371:Legacy and honors
2368:
2367:
2003:Drama Desk Awards
1787:
1786:
1364:First Performance
1214:
1213:
991:Year of premiere
827:, the playwright
825:Jorge Luis Borges
747:The Century Cycle
714:Denzel Washington
419:
418:
344:Denzel Washington
280:The Century Cycle
263:
262:
7084:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6955:
6937:The Piano Lesson
6913:The Piano Lesson
6905:Film adaptations
6874:The Piano Lesson
6839:Gem of the Ocean
6817:Pittsburgh Cycle
6806:
6799:
6792:
6783:
6782:
6737:Josip Novakovich
6723:Gerald V. Mohatt
6714:James D. Houston
6704:Gioia Timpanelli
6690:Edwidge Danticat
6634:Nora Okja Keller
6624:John A. Williams
6578:William M. Banks
6497:Stephanie Cowell
6406:Gordon Henry Jr.
6316:Rose L. Glickman
6093:Donna J. Haraway
6058:R. Baxter Miller
6040:Meridel Le Sueur
6010:Jessica Hagedorn
5995:Charley Trujillo
5960:Mayumi Tsutakawa
5951:Paula Gunn Allen
5907:J. Raymond Jones
5898:James M. Freeman
5878:Daniela Gioseffi
5868:Adrienne Kennedy
5837:Leslie Scalapino
5699:David Halberstam
5619:Etheridge Knight
5563:Raymond Federman
5558:Natasha Borovsky
5524:Anna Lee Walters
5508:William Oandasan
5288:John A. Williams
5278:James D. Houston
5138:Peter Blue Cloud
5030:
5023:
5016:
5007:
5006:
4998:
4991:
4848:Suzan-Lori Parks
4836:Donald Margulies
4794:Robert Schenkkan
4758:Stephen Sondheim
4712:Donald L. Coburn
4584:Frances Goodrich
4450:Maxwell Anderson
4339:
4332:
4325:
4316:
4315:
4245:, November 2004.
4227:
4224:The Paris Review
4212:A World of Ideas
4121:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4080:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4051:
4045:
4044:
4042:
4040:
4035:on July 31, 2016
4031:. Archived from
4024:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4004:. Archived from
3998:
3992:
3991:
3976:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
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3728:
3727:
3725:
3723:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3680:
3671:. Archived from
3660:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:. March 24, 2014
3616:The Piano Lesson
3608:
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3286:
3280:
3260:
3254:
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3234:
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3223:
3216:American Masters
3208:
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3173:
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3018:
3012:
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2982:
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2965:
2956:
2955:
2952:The Paris Review
2943:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2919:
2905:
2899:
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2873:
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2683:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2632:
2613:The Piano Lesson
2527:The Piano Lesson
2420:was renamed the
2418:Theater District
2411:Virginia Theatre
2299:The Piano Lesson
2228:The Piano Lesson
2136:The Piano Lesson
2123:The Piano Lesson
2050:The Piano Lesson
1950:Gem of the Ocean
1882:The Piano Lesson
1794:
1793:
1760:Gem of the Ocean
1718:O'Reilly Theater
1647:The Piano Lesson
1523:in Connecticut.
1510:Penumbra Theater
1497:Fullerton Street
1473:. Plays include
1379:Penumbra Theater
1358:
1357:
1319:The Piano Lesson
1314:Constanza Romero
1264:O'Reilly Theater
1226:Gem of the Ocean
1178:Gem of the Ocean
1167:Virginia Theatre
1094:The Piano Lesson
988:
987:
981:, or Hambone in
939:Gem of the Ocean
919:The Paris Review
911:The Piano Lesson
891:William Faulkner
875:Pittsburgh Cycle
868:Pittsburgh Cycle
831:and the painter
823:writer and poet
801:The Piano Lesson
672:The Piano Lesson
623:Fullerton Street
586:, staged at the
510:1996). Both the
407:
406:
398:
386:
385:
381:Pittsburgh Cycle
295:The Piano Lesson
248:
246:
236:Constanza Romero
226:
224:
220:
199:
197:
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142:The Piano Lesson
83:
62:
60:
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6950:
6948:
6943:
6900:
6819:
6810:
6780:
6775:
6767:Chiori Santiago
6727:Ciulistet Group
6699:Meg McHutchison
6680:Chiori Santiago
6665:Alice McDermott
6653:
6604:Angela Y. Davis
6587:
6528:Dorothy Barresi
6506:
6502:William H. Gass
6490:Ron Sakolsky /
6457:James W. Loewen
6415:
6351:Robert L. Allen
6330:
6321:Tino Villanueva
6301:Nicole Blackman
6281:Gregory J. Reed
6266:Giose Rimanelli
6254:
6250:Ninotchka Rosca
6240:Katherine Peter
6205:Denise Giardina
6170:
6143:Sheila Hamanaka
6138:Sandra Scofield
6133:Raymond Andrews
6066:
5968:
5883:Elizabeth Woody
5856:
5847:Charles Fanning
5802:Eduardo Galeano
5765:
5742:Ronald Sukenick
5684:Allison Blakely
5672:
5582:
5512:
5493:Sandra Cisneros
5455:Taisanboku Mori
5410:
5339:Howard Schwartz
5317:
5308:Peter Guralnick
5303:Nash Candelaria
5246:
5162:
5123:Lionel Mitchell
5091:
5077:Milton Murayama
5040:
5034:
5004:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4983:
4818:Jonathan Larson
4696:Marvin Hamlisch
4684:Michael Bennett
4660:Charles Gordone
4642:Frank D. Gilroy
4620:Sheldon Harnick
4542:Richard Rodgers
4508:Thornton Wilder
4496:William Saroyan
4484:Thornton Wilder
4456:Sidney Kingsley
4349:
4343:
4266:
4189:
4154:Wayback Machine
4128:
4110:
4094:
4092:Further reading
4089:
4088:
4078:
4076:
4066:
4062:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4038:
4036:
4025:
4021:
4011:
4009:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3963:
3961:
3960:. July 26, 2024
3954:"August Wilson"
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3590:10.2307/3041887
3570:
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3287:
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3273:Wayback Machine
3261:
3257:
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3245:
3235:
3231:
3221:
3219:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3184:
3177:
3168:
3167:
3163:
3158:. June 3, 2020.
3154:
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3114:
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3098:
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2621:
2503:Chicago Tribune
2373:
1792:
1754:Goodman Theater
1680:Goodman Theater
1641:O'Neill Theater
1563:O'Neill Theater
1550:O'Neill Theater
1492:(not performed)
1460:(not performed)
1440:(not performed)
1435:(not published)
1395:(not published)
1361:First Produced
1356:
1328:
1309:
1218:Goodman Theatre
1083:Ethel Barrymore
871:
775:
743:
692:
643:
635:Great Migration
562:
524:Elijah Muhammad
512:Nation of Islam
473:
468:
456:Langston Hughes
404:
389:External videos
353:
251:
250:
247: 1994)
242:
238:
228:
225: 1990)
216:
212:
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198: 1972)
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80:October 2, 2005
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6884:
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6860:King Hedley II
6856:
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6641:
6639:Sandra Benitez
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6508:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6492:Fred Weihan Ho
6488:
6486:Sherman Alexie
6483:
6481:Robert Viscusi
6478:
6476:Maria Espinosa
6473:
6468:
6459:
6454:
6452:Glenn C. Loury
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6423:
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6417:
6416:
6414:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6391:Marnie Mueller
6388:
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6344:
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6332:
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6328:
6323:
6318:
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6308:
6303:
6298:
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6283:
6278:
6276:Graciela LimĂłn
6273:
6268:
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6260:
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6148:Stephen R. Fox
6145:
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6083:Art Spiegelman
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6056:
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6005:Deborah Keenan
6002:
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5967:
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5953:
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5909:
5903:John C. Walter
5900:
5895:
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5885:
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5875:
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5864:
5862:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5849:
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5839:
5834:
5829:
5827:Jennifer Stone
5824:
5819:
5817:Isabel Allende
5814:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5782:Askia M. Touré
5779:
5773:
5771:
5767:
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5754:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5723:Cherry Muhanji
5719:Kesho Y. Scott
5716:
5711:
5709:Gerald Vizenor
5706:
5704:Edward Sanders
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5680:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5668:Terry McMillan
5665:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5614:Dorothy Bryant
5611:
5609:Daniel McGuire
5606:
5601:
5596:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5553:Miguel AlgarĂn
5550:
5545:
5540:
5538:Helen Barolini
5535:
5529:CherrĂe Moraga
5526:
5520:
5518:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5503:Julia Vinograd
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5468:Louise Erdrich
5465:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5424:
5422:Angela Jackson
5418:
5416:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5396:Thomas McGrath
5393:
5380:
5378:Paule Marshall
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5358:Joseph Bruchac
5355:
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5345:
5336:
5331:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5273:Harriet Rohmer
5270:
5265:
5260:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5222:Leroy Quintana
5219:
5214:
5209:
5196:
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5186:
5181:
5176:
5170:
5168:
5164:
5163:
5161:
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5145:
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5135:
5133:Nicholasa Mohr
5130:
5128:Miguel AlgarĂn
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5108:Alan Chong Lau
5105:
5099:
5097:
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5092:
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5084:
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5074:
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4909:
4903:
4897:
4887:
4881:
4875:
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4863:
4857:
4851:
4845:
4839:
4833:
4830:Margaret Edson
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4803:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4761:
4751:
4745:
4739:
4736:Charles Fuller
4733:
4727:
4724:Lanford Wilson
4721:
4715:
4709:
4703:
4688:Nicholas Dante
4681:
4675:
4669:
4663:
4657:
4654:Howard Sackler
4651:
4645:
4639:
4629:
4623:
4608:Jerome Weidman
4605:
4599:
4593:
4590:Eugene O'Neill
4587:
4580:Albert Hackett
4577:
4571:
4565:
4559:
4553:
4539:
4533:
4527:
4524:Howard Lindsay
4517:
4511:
4505:
4499:
4493:
4487:
4481:
4471:
4465:
4459:
4453:
4447:
4440:Morrie Ryskind
4433:
4430:Susan Glaspell
4427:
4421:
4415:
4412:Eugene O'Neill
4409:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4388:Hatcher Hughes
4385:
4379:
4376:Eugene O'Neill
4373:
4367:
4364:Eugene O'Neill
4361:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4342:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4319:
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4312:
4299:Margaret Busby
4296:
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4201:
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4185:
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4183:
4178:
4169:
4161:
4156:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4127:
4126:External links
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3971:
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3933:store.usps.com
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3699:www.cr.nps.gov
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3603:
3584:(4): 539–559.
3564:
3528:
3513:
3480:
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3444:
3430:978-0786479924
3429:
3411:
3386:
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3366:978-1559363075
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3197:978-1559361873
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2214:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2197:
2192:
2190:Academy Awards
2187:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2175:King Hedley II
2172:
2168:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2102:Pulitzer Prize
2099:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1953:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1933:King Hedley II
1929:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1724:King Hedley II
1720:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1559:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1487:(not produced)
1483:
1482:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1455:(not produced)
1451:
1450:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1407:
1405:The Homecoming
1402:
1397:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1355:
1352:
1327:
1324:
1308:
1305:
1259:King Hedley II
1212:
1211:
1205:
1202:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1160:
1157:King Hedley II
1153:
1149:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1097:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
979:King Hedley II
951:King Hedley II
870:
864:
833:Romare Bearden
792:Pulitzer Prize
774:
771:
742:
739:
691:
688:
680:George Latimer
642:
639:
574:The Homecoming
561:
558:
514:(NOI) and the
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:, and others.
452:Richard Wright
417:
416:
400:
399:
391:
390:
365:Sudeten German
352:
349:
323:race relations
261:
260:
257:
253:
252:
240:
234:
233:
232:
231:
214:
210:
207:
206:
205:
204:
187:
183:
180:
179:
178:
177:
174:
172:
168:
167:
151:
150:Notable awards
147:
146:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
84:(aged 60)
78:
74:
73:
63:April 27, 1945
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
35:
21:Augusta Wilson
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7089:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7048:
7045:
7043:
7040:
7038:
7035:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7003:
7000:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6977:
6967:
6957:
6956:
6953:
6939:
6938:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6910:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6890:
6889:
6888:Seven Guitars
6885:
6883:
6882:
6878:
6876:
6875:
6871:
6869:
6868:
6864:
6862:
6861:
6857:
6855:
6854:
6850:
6848:
6847:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6836:
6834:
6833:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6813:August Wilson
6807:
6802:
6800:
6795:
6793:
6788:
6787:
6784:
6772:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6752:Nelson George
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6724:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6709:Gloria Naylor
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6662:
6660:
6656:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6644:Scott DeVeaux
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6594:
6590:
6584:
6583:Brenda Knight
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6568:Thulani Davis
6566:
6564:
6563:Sunaina Maira
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6553:Noel Ignatiev
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6543:MartĂn Espada
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6515:
6513:
6509:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6493:
6489:
6487:
6484:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6474:
6472:
6469:
6467:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6437:Chang-Rae Lee
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6427:Agate Nesaule
6425:
6424:
6422:
6418:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6376:Linda Raymond
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6356:Denise Chavez
6354:
6352:
6348:
6345:
6343:
6340:
6339:
6337:
6333:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6311:Ronald Takaki
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6263:
6261:
6257:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6245:Nelson George
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6195:Peter Woodrow
6192:
6189:
6187:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6177:
6173:
6167:
6166:August Wilson
6163:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6113:Lucy Thompson
6111:
6109:
6108:Keith Gilyard
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6098:Fritjof Capra
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6069:
6063:
6060:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6035:Mary Crow Dog
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5971:
5965:
5961:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5944:
5942:
5941:Sesshu Foster
5938:
5935:
5933:
5932:Martin Bernal
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5893:Itabari Njeri
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5859:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5797:Emory Elliott
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5768:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5752:Toni Morrison
5750:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5737:Benjamin Hoff
5735:
5733:
5732:Marlon K. Hom
5730:
5728:
5724:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5689:Charles Olson
5687:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5675:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5573:Terence Winch
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5543:Jeff Hannusch
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5498:Sonia Sanchez
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5428:
5427:Arnold Genthe
5425:
5423:
5420:
5419:
5417:
5413:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5387:You-shan Tang
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5363:Maurice Kenny
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5263:Cecilia Liang
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5249:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5237:Russell Banks
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5204:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5165:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5148:Rose Drachler
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5087:Rudolfo Anaya
5085:
5083:
5082:Quincy Troupe
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5052:Douglas Woolf
5050:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5038:
5031:
5026:
5024:
5019:
5017:
5012:
5011:
5008:
4997:
4990:
4979:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4952:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4942:Martyna Majok
4940:
4937:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4925:
4922:
4919:
4916:
4913:
4910:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4782:August Wilson
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4764:August Wilson
4762:
4759:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4742:Marsha Norman
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4728:
4725:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4701:
4700:Edward Kleban
4697:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4633:
4632:Frank Loesser
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4612:George Abbott
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4536:Arthur Miller
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4520:Russel Crouse
4518:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4475:
4472:
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4424:Marc Connelly
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4394:Sidney Howard
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4352:
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4340:
4335:
4333:
4328:
4326:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4310:
4309:
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4300:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4258:
4254:
4252:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4216:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4193:August Wilson
4191:
4190:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4173:
4172:August Wilson
4170:
4168:
4166:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4109:9781501180668
4105:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4075:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4050:
4034:
4030:
4023:
4007:
4003:
3997:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3975:
3959:
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3790:
3784:
3769:
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3708:
3700:
3696:
3690:
3674:
3670:
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3644:
3640:
3633:
3617:
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3607:
3599:
3595:
3591:
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3568:
3559:
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3550:
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3542:
3535:
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3524:
3520:
3516:
3514:9781501180668
3510:
3506:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3476:
3474:0-87745-428-0
3470:
3466:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3422:
3415:
3404:September 24,
3400:
3396:
3390:
3382:
3376:
3368:
3362:
3358:
3351:
3343:
3339:
3332:
3317:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3265:Century Cycle
3259:
3244:
3240:
3233:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3199:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3180:
3171:
3165:
3157:
3151:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3111:
3107:
3100:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3058:
3054:
3050:
3043:
3028:
3024:
3017:
3009:
3003:
2999:
2998:
2990:
2974:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2953:
2949:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2831:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2631:
2629:
2624:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2566:Seven Guitars
2563:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2493:Whiting Award
2490:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2474:Forever stamp
2471:
2468:In 2021, the
2466:
2464:
2460:
2457:In 2020, the
2455:
2452:
2450:
2445:
2442:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2430:Groundhog Day
2427:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2332:
2331:Seven Guitars
2329:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2162:Seven Guitars
2160:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2066:
2064:
2063:Seven Guitars
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1952:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1916:Seven Guitars
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1686:Seven Guitars
1683:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1477:, as well as
1476:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:Ujima Theater
1420:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:Performed in
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1307:Personal life
1304:
1302:
1301:How I Learned
1298:
1293:
1291:
1287:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:Seven Guitars
1219:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1136:Seven Guitars
1133:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
996:
993:
990:
989:
986:
984:
980:
976:
975:
971:, Gabriel in
970:
969:
968:Seven Guitars
964:
959:
958:
953:
952:
947:
946:
941:
940:
932:
929:
923:
921:
920:
914:
912:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
879:Century Cycle
876:
869:
862:
857:
853:
849:
844:
842:
841:James Baldwin
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
814:
809:
808:
803:
802:
797:
793:
789:
788:
782:
780:
770:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
738:
736:
730:
727:
725:
721:
720:
715:
711:
706:
705:
701:
697:
687:
685:
681:
676:
674:
673:
668:
667:
662:
661:
656:
655:
650:
649:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
585:
584:
579:
575:
571:
567:
557:
555:
551:
550:
545:
541:
537:
533:
528:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
498:
494:
490:
488:
487:
482:
477:
463:
461:
460:Arna Bontemps
457:
453:
449:
448:Ralph Ellison
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
424:
414:
410:
401:
397:
392:
387:
384:
382:
377:
375:
369:
366:
362:
358:
357:Hill District
348:
345:
341:
340:
335:
334:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
312:
307:
306:
302:, as well as
301:
297:
296:
291:
290:
285:
281:
277:
276:
271:
267:
266:August Wilson
258:
254:
237:
230:
229:
203:
202:
181:Brenda Burton
176:
175:
173:
169:
165:
160:
159:Whiting Award
155:
152:
148:
144:
143:
137:
136:
130:
129:
123:
122:
118:
116:Notable works
114:
110:
106:
103:
100:
98:Resting place
96:
92:
88:
79:
75:
71:
67:
53:
49:
45:
40:
36:August Wilson
33:
30:
26:
22:
6935:
6927:
6919:
6911:
6893:
6886:
6879:
6872:
6865:
6858:
6851:
6844:
6837:
6830:
6812:
6771:Judith Lowry
6757:Speer Morgan
6742:Lauro Flores
6695:Judith Roche
6649:Thomas Lynch
6629:Nancy Rawles
6573:Tom De Haven
6523:Derrick Bell
6401:Sandra Martz
6381:Li-Young Lee
6371:Thomas Avena
6361:John Egerton
6271:Eric Drooker
6225:Gerald Graff
6210:Diane Glancy
6186:Belvie Rooks
6182:Asake Bomani
6165:
6162:Amiri Baraka
6030:Lucia Berlin
6000:D. H. Melhem
5990:Bruce Wright
5888:Hualing Nieh
5757:Wing Tek Lum
5727:Egyirba High
5654:Michael Mayo
5639:John Wieners
5629:Harvey Pekar
5624:Gary Giddins
5599:Ana Castillo
5473:Maureen Owen
5313:Seán Ó Tuama
5242:Tato Laviera
5199:Him Mark Lai
5179:Duane Niatum
5143:Robert Kelly
5062:Jayne Cortez
4972:Sanaz Toossi
4966:James Ijames
4936:Lynn Nottage
4900:Bruce Norris
4894:Brian Yorkey
4884:Lynn Nottage
4842:David Auburn
4812:Horton Foote
4806:Edward Albee
4800:Tony Kushner
4781:
4763:
4754:James Lapine
4678:Edward Albee
4672:Jason Miller
4648:Edward Albee
4596:Ketti Frings
4568:John Patrick
4562:William Inge
4556:Joseph Kramm
4550:Joshua Logan
4444:Ira Gershwin
4400:George Kelly
4308:The Guardian
4306:
4292:
4280:
4273:
4256:
4250:
4242:The Believer
4240:
4223:
4211:
4198:Charlie Rose
4197:
4164:
4099:
4079:February 12,
4077:. Retrieved
4073:
4063:
4049:
4037:. Retrieved
4033:the original
4022:
4010:. Retrieved
4006:the original
3996:
3983:
3974:
3962:. Retrieved
3957:
3948:
3936:. Retrieved
3932:
3923:
3911:. Retrieved
3907:
3897:
3885:. Retrieved
3875:
3863:. Retrieved
3859:
3850:
3835:
3823:. Retrieved
3819:
3809:
3797:. Retrieved
3792:
3783:
3771:. Retrieved
3767:
3758:
3748:December 21,
3746:. Retrieved
3742:
3732:
3720:. Retrieved
3716:
3707:
3698:
3689:
3677:. Retrieved
3673:the original
3668:
3658:
3646:. Retrieved
3642:
3632:
3620:. Retrieved
3615:
3606:
3581:
3577:
3567:
3548:
3544:
3504:
3464:
3420:
3414:
3402:. Retrieved
3398:
3389:
3375:
3356:
3350:
3341:
3331:
3319:. Retrieved
3315:
3305:
3294:
3284:
3264:
3258:
3246:. Retrieved
3242:
3232:
3220:. Retrieved
3215:
3206:
3187:
3164:
3150:
3138:. Retrieved
3134:
3125:
3113:. Retrieved
3109:
3099:
3087:. Retrieved
3083:
3073:
3061:. Retrieved
3057:the original
3052:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3026:
3016:
2996:
2989:
2977:. Retrieved
2972:
2951:
2916:. Retrieved
2912:
2903:
2891:. Retrieved
2877:
2852:
2848:
2838:
2813:
2782:
2742:December 24,
2740:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2714:. Retrieved
2702:
2692:
2682:December 24,
2680:. Retrieved
2675:
2666:
2654:. Retrieved
2640:
2612:
2586:
2580:
2574:
2565:
2556:
2550:
2526:
2517:
2484:
2478:
2467:
2456:
2453:
2446:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2408:
2401:
2382:
2359:
2343:
2330:
2314:
2298:
2285:
2272:
2259:
2226:
2199:
2174:
2161:
2148:
2135:
2122:
2109:
2088:
2075:
2062:
2049:
2036:
2023:
2010:
1987:
1965:
1948:
1931:
1914:
1897:
1880:
1863:
1846:
1829:
1777:
1758:
1741:
1722:
1704:
1684:
1665:
1645:
1625:
1605:
1589:
1583:
1566:
1554:
1534:
1514:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1424:
1404:
1394:
1383:
1332:liver cancer
1329:
1317:
1310:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1262:to open the
1257:
1241:
1230:Israel Hicks
1225:
1221:
1215:
1209:Cort Theatre
1197:
1176:
1155:
1134:
1113:
1092:
1071:
1050:
1041:Cort Theatre
1029:
1008:
982:
978:
972:
966:
962:
955:
949:
943:
937:
934:
927:
925:
917:
916:Wilson told
915:
910:
907:
878:
874:
872:
867:
859:
854:
851:
846:
829:Amiri Baraka
818:
811:
805:
799:
785:
783:
776:
767:Cort Theatre
761:and had its
750:
746:
744:
731:
728:
717:
709:
707:
703:
693:
677:
670:
669:(1986), and
664:
658:
652:
646:
644:
622:
599:Claude Purdy
592:
581:
578:Athol Fugard
573:
563:
553:
547:
543:
529:
507:
502:
484:
481:Bessie Smith
478:
474:
440:
435:
428:plagiarizing
420:
380:
378:
370:
354:
337:
331:
320:
309:
303:
293:
287:
283:
279:
273:
269:
265:
264:
156:(1987, 1990)
140:
133:
126:
119:
82:(2005-10-02)
70:Pennsylvania
29:
6987:2005 deaths
6982:1945 births
6719:Jerry Lipka
6670:Anna Linzer
6614:Don DeLillo
6538:Louis Owens
6471:Kimiko Hahn
6466:Edward Said
6411:Tricia Rose
6396:Peter Quinn
6306:Paul Gilroy
6291:Jill Nelson
6230:Jack Beatty
6200:Cornel West
6123:Peter Bacho
6118:Norma Field
5946:Miles Davis
5912:John Norton
5792:Carolyn Lau
5787:Audre Lorde
5761:Tek Lum Lum
5694:Daisy Bates
5634:James Welch
5578:Toshio Mori
5548:Linda Hogan
5459:Sojin Takei
5446:Peter Irons
5353:JesĂşs ColĂłn
5343:Mark Podwal
5334:Gary Snyder
5329:Cecil Brown
5057:Edward Dorn
4978:Eboni Booth
4960:Katori Hall
4918:Annie Baker
4912:Ayad Akhtar
4878:Tracy Letts
4860:Doug Wright
4824:Paula Vogel
4770:Alfred Uhry
4748:David Mamet
4730:Beth Henley
4718:Sam Shepard
4666:Paul Zindel
4636:Abe Burrows
4249:Putting Up
4208:Bill Moyers
3913:October 29,
3887:October 29,
3865:December 4,
3722:December 4,
2855:(2): 1–17.
2849:Obsidian II
2656:October 12,
2593:Heinz Award
2426:Jersey Boys
1820:Tony Awards
1584:The Janitor
1188:Walter Kerr
1146:Walter Kerr
1125:Walter Kerr
1104:Walter Kerr
899:Brian Friel
724:Viola Davis
516:Black Power
436:The Janitor
336:(2016) and
327:Viola Davis
308:(1984) and
292:(1987) and
208:Judy Oliver
164:Heinz Award
6976:Categories
6881:Radio Golf
6732:Trey Ellis
6675:Brian Ward
6619:Jim Barnes
6432:Arthur Sze
5985:bell hooks
5922:Sergei Kan
5807:Frank Chin
5568:Susan Howe
5478:May Sarton
5463:Muin Ozaki
5451:Keiho Soga
5373:Miné Okubo
5298:Judy Grahn
5293:Joy Kogawa
5189:Frank Chin
5184:E. L. Mayo
5153:Susan Howe
5118:Helen Adam
4788:Neil Simon
4616:Jerry Bock
4514:Mary Chase
4418:Elmer Rice
4406:Paul Green
4382:Owen Davis
4264:Obituaries
4187:Interviews
4118:1347429411
3964:August 28,
3958:Britannica
3938:January 6,
3825:October 5,
3679:October 3,
3523:1347429411
3063:October 1,
2979:October 3,
2918:January 9,
2716:August 15,
2619:References
2441:Kenny Leon
2434:Mean Girls
2360:Radio Golf
2327:Best Play
2256:Best Play
2243:Nominated
2233:Nominated
2206:Nominated
2179:Nominated
2166:Nominated
2153:Nominated
2127:Nominated
2093:Nominated
2089:Radio Golf
2080:Nominated
2067:Nominated
2041:Nominated
2015:Nominated
1972:Nominated
1967:Radio Golf
1955:Nominated
1938:Nominated
1921:Nominated
1904:Nominated
1887:Nominated
1870:Nominated
1836:Nominated
1779:Radio Golf
1216:Chicago's
1199:Radio Golf
963:apparently
957:Radio Golf
837:Ed Bullins
796:Tony Award
751:Radio Golf
631:Billy Conn
361:Pittsburgh
351:Early life
108:Occupation
91:Washington
66:Pittsburgh
59:1945-04-27
6966:Biography
6762:Gary Gach
6462:Joe Sacco
6366:John Ross
6347:Herb Boyd
6020:Joy Harjo
5604:Cyn Zarco
5488:Ron Jones
5441:Gary Soto
5207:Judy Yung
5203:Genny Lim
4854:Nilo Cruz
4626:Tad Mosel
4474:Moss Hart
4462:Zoe Akins
4370:Zona Gale
4348:: Authors
3648:April 22,
3622:April 22,
3439:948561021
3140:March 23,
3115:March 23,
3089:March 15,
3032:April 25,
2861:0888-4412
2711:0362-4331
2651:0362-4331
2542:from the
2495:for Drama
2106:For Drama
1825:Best Play
873:Wilson's
821:Argentine
749:, titled
627:Joe Louis
544:Recycling
532:Rob Penny
504:Malcolm X
415:, 1:24:39
374:Hazelwood
6518:Alurista
5174:Al Young
4890:Tom Kitt
4283:obituary
4257:BU Today
4150:Archived
4039:July 25,
4012:July 26,
3799:June 11,
3773:April 8,
3768:Playbill
3643:YaleNews
3269:Archived
3248:April 8,
3222:April 8,
3027:Playbill
2869:44485235
2822:: Gale.
2737:Playbill
2676:CBS News
2415:Broadway
1803:Category
903:Ballybeg
763:Broadway
675:(1987).
663:(1985),
657:(1984),
651:(1982),
486:Harper's
438:(1985).
342:(2020).
256:Children
4167:article
3598:3041887
3321:July 8,
2893:May 29,
2461:at the
1809:Result
1806:Project
1536:Jitney!
1445:Placebo
1384:Recycle
1288:and as
1207:2007 –
1186:2004 –
1165:2001 –
1144:1996 –
1123:1992 –
1102:1990 –
1081:1988 –
1060:1987 –
1039:1984 –
1018:2017 –
997:Decade
696:Seattle
568:at the
538:in the
249:
241:
227:
215:
211:
200:
188:
184:
87:Seattle
6952:Portal
6940:(2024)
6932:(2020)
6924:(2016)
6921:Fences
6916:(1995)
6846:Jitney
6832:Fences
4980:(2024)
4974:(2023)
4968:(2022)
4962:(2021)
4956:(2020)
4950:(2019)
4944:(2018)
4938:(2017)
4932:(2016)
4926:(2015)
4920:(2014)
4914:(2013)
4908:(2012)
4902:(2011)
4896:(2010)
4886:(2009)
4880:(2008)
4874:(2007)
4868:(2005)
4862:(2004)
4856:(2003)
4850:(2002)
4844:(2001)
4838:(2000)
4832:(1999)
4826:(1998)
4820:(1996)
4814:(1995)
4808:(1994)
4802:(1993)
4796:(1992)
4790:(1991)
4784:(1990)
4778:(1989)
4772:(1988)
4766:(1987)
4760:(1985)
4750:(1984)
4744:(1983)
4738:(1982)
4732:(1981)
4726:(1980)
4720:(1979)
4714:(1978)
4708:(1977)
4702:(1976)
4680:(1975)
4674:(1973)
4668:(1971)
4662:(1970)
4656:(1969)
4650:(1967)
4644:(1965)
4638:(1962)
4628:(1961)
4622:(1960)
4604:(1959)
4598:(1958)
4592:(1957)
4586:(1956)
4576:(1955)
4570:(1954)
4564:(1953)
4558:(1952)
4552:(1950)
4538:(1949)
4532:(1948)
4526:(1946)
4516:(1945)
4510:(1943)
4504:(1941)
4498:(1940)
4492:(1939)
4486:(1938)
4480:(1937)
4470:(1936)
4464:(1935)
4458:(1934)
4452:(1933)
4446:(1932)
4432:(1931)
4426:(1930)
4420:(1929)
4414:(1928)
4408:(1927)
4402:(1926)
4396:(1925)
4390:(1924)
4384:(1923)
4378:(1922)
4372:(1921)
4366:(1920)
4360:(1918)
4251:Fences
4116:
4106:
3795:. 2020
3596:
3521:
3511:
3471:
3437:
3427:
3363:
3194:
3004:
2867:
2859:
2826:
2709:
2649:
2604:2006:
2587:Jitney
2581:Fences
2575:Jitney
2538:1991:
2531:1991:
2491:1986:
2432:, and
2344:Jitney
2273:Fences
2201:Fences
2110:Fences
2076:Jitney
2024:Fences
1989:Jitney
1848:Fences
1607:Fences
1370:Notes
1250:Boston
1244:. The
1204:1990s
1183:1900s
1162:1980s
1141:1940s
1120:1960s
1099:1930s
1078:1910s
1057:1950s
1052:Fences
1036:1920s
1015:1970s
1010:Jitney
994:Title
974:Fences
928:Fences
810:, and
794:and a
787:Fences
719:Fences
710:Fences
660:Fences
648:Jitney
549:Jitney
466:Career
333:Fences
289:Fences
171:Spouse
161:(1986)
145:(1990)
138:(1988)
131:(1987)
128:Fences
124:(1984)
93:, U.S.
72:, U.S.
6824:Plays
3594:JSTOR
2865:JSTOR
2535:award
2353:2007
2340:2000
2324:1996
2308:1992
2295:1990
2282:1988
2269:1987
2248:1985
1800:Award
1769:2005
1750:2003
1733:2002
1714:1999
1696:1996
1676:1995
1657:1990
1637:1987
1617:1986
1597:1985
1578:1985
1546:1982
1528:1982
1506:1981
1418:1976
1393:1976
1375:1976
1367:Title
1326:Death
1194:2005
1173:2003
1152:1999
1131:1995
1110:1990
1089:1987
1068:1986
1047:1985
1026:1984
1005:1982
741:2000s
690:1990s
641:1980s
560:1970s
471:1960s
243:(
239:
217:(
213:
190:(
186:
6658:1999
6592:1998
6511:1997
6420:1996
6335:1995
6259:1994
6175:1993
6071:1992
5973:1991
5861:1990
5770:1989
5677:1988
5587:1987
5517:1986
5415:1985
5322:1984
5251:1983
5167:1982
5103:Alta
5096:1981
5045:1980
4892:and
4756:and
4698:and
4634:and
4618:and
4582:and
4548:and
4522:and
4476:and
4442:and
4176:IMDb
4114:OCLC
4104:ISBN
4081:2014
4041:2016
4014:2016
3966:2024
3940:2021
3915:2020
3889:2020
3867:2023
3827:2008
3801:2023
3775:2020
3750:2008
3724:2023
3681:2008
3650:2024
3624:2024
3519:OCLC
3509:ISBN
3469:ISBN
3435:OCLC
3425:ISBN
3406:2015
3361:ISBN
3323:2010
3250:2020
3224:2020
3192:ISBN
3142:2019
3117:2019
3091:2017
3065:2008
3034:2016
3002:ISBN
2981:2022
2920:2024
2895:2015
2857:ISSN
2824:ISBN
2744:2020
2718:2022
2707:ISSN
2684:2020
2658:2020
2647:ISSN
2364:Won
2348:Won
2335:Won
2319:Won
2303:Won
2290:Won
2277:Won
2264:Won
2212:1995
2185:2017
2171:2000
2158:1995
2145:1992
2140:Won
2132:1990
2119:1989
2114:Won
2098:1987
2085:2007
2072:2000
2059:1996
2054:Won
2046:1990
2033:1988
2028:Won
2020:1987
1999:1985
1994:Won
1978:2017
1961:2007
1944:2005
1927:2001
1910:1996
1893:1992
1876:1990
1859:1988
1853:Won
1842:1987
1815:1985
1797:Year
1354:Work
1224:and
866:The
839:and
278:(or
268:(né
223:div.
196:div.
77:Died
51:Born
6815:'s
4195:on
4174:at
3586:doi
3553:doi
2887:PBS
1266:in
1248:of
901:'s
893:'s
798:),
757:in
580:'s
413:PBS
359:of
6978::
6769:/
6725:/
6721:/
6697:/
6464:/
6349:/
6193:/
6184:/
6164:/
6160:/
6052:/
5962:/
5958:/
5939:/
5905:/
5759:/
5725:/
5721:/
5661:/
5594:Ai
5531:/
5461:/
5457:/
5453:/
5429:/
5389:/
5385:/
5341:/
5205:/
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4694:,
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