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present. 12 of the test starfish (20%) moved towards the target and got within 15 cm (6 in) of it in the allotted 15 minute timespan. The direction of movement became more accurate as the distance from the bait shortened. The rate of movement was slower than that of the control starfish and it was thought that this slower speed might improve the ability of the starfish to taste the water and make accurate comparisons of odour concentrations. None of the control starfish moved purposely in any direction, tending to move in random directions, circling and crossing their previous paths. It was proposed that more starfish would have moved towards the bait if they had previously been starved for a longer period. Other similar trials have involved starving starfish for two months prior to the experiment and this provides greater motivation to seek
264:
46:
33:
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flesh in a tank of slowly circulating water. Test starfish were placed in the downstream odour plume, one metre (3 ft 3 in) away from the food source and the movements of each starfish were recorded on videotape. A control was provided using the same flow conditions but without an odour being
293:
that run down the centre of each arm. The colour of the upper side is variable, ranging from brown or tan to reddish-purple and the underside is usually pale brown. Near the tip on the underside of each arm there are small eyespots. These are not set on short stalks as they are in the otherwise
354:
and other marine invertebrates. It can open shells by gripping the two halves with its tube feet and forcing them apart. It then inserts its stomach, turning it inside out in the process, and secretes enzymes, digesting the body of the mollusc in situ.
281:, minute pincers that can grip objects. The arms are plump, broad at the base and tapering to a blunt tip. This starfish grows to about 15 centimetres (5.9 in) in diameter with an arm length of about 6 centimetres (2.4 in). The
382:. Sperm and eggs are liberated into the sea and fertilization is external. The starfish in any area may synchronise their emission of gametes which will increase the chance of fertilization taking place. The eggs hatch into
650:
277:
usually has 5 arms but occasionally has 4 or 6. Like many starfish species, the upper surface is covered in blunt conical projections giving it a rough feel. Some of these are
856:
412:. They feed on the tissue of the gonad and effectively castrate their host. A small number of females were also found to contain the parasite.
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and develop over a period of about three weeks before settling on the seabed and undergoing metamorphosis into juvenile starfish.
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323:. This rocky habitat is beneficial to the species because it helps to prevent them from being washed away by ocean waves.
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255:. It is found in shallow waters in the northwest Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
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is usually pink and is visible near the edge of the disc. There are several rows of
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Burrowes, Robert B. (1936). "Further observations on parasitism in the starfish".
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554:"Role of Chemical Signals in the Orientation Behavior of the Sea Star
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that had not been fed for a week were used. The bait was a piece of
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Journal of the Marine
Biological Association of the United Kingdom
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Notulae
Naturae of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
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of rocky shores on the
Atlantic coast of North America from
513:"A comparative study of the identification characters of
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655:L. II. parasitization of the gonads by the ciliate
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404:has been found in the gonads of up to 20% of male
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427:
597:"Chemosensory search behavior in the starfish
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327:has a more northerly range, being found from
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552:Moore, P. A.; Lepper, D. M. E. (June 1997).
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31:
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300:with which this species can be confused.
262:
428:Mah, Christopher (2011). Mah CL (ed.).
289:on the underside on either side of the
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745:
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495:Collins Pocket Guide to the Sea Shore
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461:
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493:Barrett, John; Yonge, C. M. (1958).
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611:(2). Biological Bulletin: 210–212.
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358:Starfish can locate their prey by
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1002:
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339:living in colder, deeper waters.
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442:World Register of Marine Species
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497:. London: Collins. p. 178.
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215:Asterias arenicola var. lacazei
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642:
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511:Aldrich, Frederick A. (1956).
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386:larvae which form part of the
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199:Asteracanthion novaeboracensis
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521:(Echinodermata: Asteroidea)"
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705:10.1126/science.84.2180.329
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378:The sexes are separate in
991:Animals described in 1848
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678:10.1017/s0025315400052814
438:World Asteroidea database
335:, most commonly north of
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41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
172:Asteracanthion berylinus
605:The Biological Bulletin
595:Dale, Jonathan (1997).
562:The Biological Bulletin
657:Orchitophyra stellarum
475:. Encyclopedia of Life
401:Orchitophrya stellarum
271:
191:Asteracanthion lacazei
180:Asteracanthion forbesi
649:Vevers, H.G. (1951).
617:10.1086/BBLv193n2p210
398:The ciliate parasite
266:
737:at Wikimedia Commons
362:. In a trial, sixty
240:, commonly known as
223:Asterias crassispina
248:of starfish in the
16:Species of starfish
473:: Forbes Sea Star"
319:southwards to the
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207:Asterias arenicola
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922:Open Tree of Life
747:Taxon identifiers
733:Media related to
410:Long Island Sound
291:ambulacral groove
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651:"The biology of
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627:. Archived from
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406:Asterias forbesi
380:Asterias forbesi
364:Asterias forbesi
352:bivalve molluscs
348:Asterias forbesi
311:is found in the
309:Asterias forbesi
275:Asterias forbesi
269:Asterias forbesi
237:Asterias forbesi
226:H.L. Clark, 1941
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175:A. Agassiz, 1866
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150:Asterias forbesi
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574:10.2307/1542750
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297:Asterias rubens
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242:Forbes sea star
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672:(3): 619–625.
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568:(3): 410–417.
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434:(Desor, 1848)"
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304:Distribution
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935:SeaLifeBase
883:NatureServe
844:iNaturalist
519:A. vulgaris
388:zooplankton
283:madreporite
259:Description
980:Categories
635:2012-05-16
479:2012-05-16
447:2012-05-16
416:References
384:bipinnaria
253:Asteriidae
108:Asteriidae
88:Asteroidea
582:0006-3185
350:feeds on
343:Behaviour
287:tube feet
126:Species:
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
986:Asterias
888:2.808765
862:10856817
764:Wikidata
713:17757665
625:28575587
337:Cape Cod
329:Labrador
294:similar
163:Synonyms
119:Asterias
104:Family:
74:Phylum:
68:Animalia
54:Domain:
950:6909621
836:5187514
770:Q770124
693:Science
659:Cepede"
394:Ecology
246:species
244:, is a
114:Genus:
94:Order:
84:Class:
963:158489
947:uBio:
927:721263
914:158489
875:157217
823:597578
797:172179
711:
623:
580:
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368:mussel
250:family
186:, 1848
958:WoRMS
940:48659
857:IRMNG
849:48902
662:(PDF)
317:Maine
184:Desor
909:OBIS
901:7603
896:NCBI
870:ITIS
831:GBIF
810:HRJ4
792:BOLD
709:PMID
621:PMID
578:ISSN
533:ISBN
517:and
373:prey
818:EoL
805:CoL
779:ADW
701:doi
674:doi
613:doi
609:193
570:doi
566:192
529:285
408:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
