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1828:. The idea was that if the artwork was a performance that would leave nothing behind, or was an idea, it could not be bought and sold. "Democratic precepts revolving around the idea that a work of art is a commodity impelled the aesthetic innovation which germinated in the mid-1960s and was reaped throughout the 1970s. Artists broadly identified under the heading of Conceptual art ... substituting performance and publishing activities for engagement with both the material and materialistic concerns of painted or sculptural form ... endeavored to undermine the art object qua object."
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864:, Martin Heidegger, a German philosopher and seminal thinker, describes the essence of art in terms of the concepts of being and truth. He argues that art is not only a way of expressing the element of truth in a culture, but the means of creating it and providing a springboard from which "that which is" can be revealed. Works of art are not merely representations of the way things are, but actually produce a community's shared understanding. Each time a new artwork is added to any culture, the meaning of what it is to exist is inherently changed.
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603:. Each of these centers of early civilization developed a unique and characteristic style in its art. Because of the size and duration of these civilizations, more of their art works have survived and more of their influence has been transmitted to other cultures and later times. Some also have provided the first records of how artists worked. For example, this period of Greek art saw a veneration of the human physical form and the development of equivalent skills to show musculature, poise, beauty, and anatomically correct proportions.
2566:
being aesthetically appealing allows for a re-invigoration of aesthetic sensibility, and a new appreciation for the standards of art itself. Countless schools have proposed their own ways to define quality, yet they all seem to agree in at least one point: once their aesthetic choices are accepted, the value of the work of art is determined by its capacity to transcend the limits of its chosen medium to strike some universal chord by the rarity of the skill of the artist or in its accurate reflection in what is termed the
1850:
the elite who have been educated as to why an idea or video or piece of apparent garbage may be considered art. The marker of status becomes understanding the work instead of necessarily owning it, and the artwork remains an upper-class activity. "With the widespread use of DVD recording technology in the early 2000s, artists, and the gallery system that derives its profits from the sale of artworks, gained an important means of controlling the sale of video and computer artworks in limited editions to collectors."
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1528:
44:
2457:. Philosopher David Novitz has argued that disagreement about the definition of art are rarely the heart of the problem. Rather, "the passionate concerns and interests that humans vest in their social life" are "so much a part of all classificatory disputes about art." According to Novitz, classificatory disputes are more often disputes about societal values and where society is trying to go than they are about theory proper. For example, when the
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biographical criticisms' assumption that the artist's activities and experience were a privileged critical topic." These authors contend that: "Anti-intentionalists, such as formalists, hold that the intentions involved in the making of art are irrelevant or peripheral to correctly interpreting art. So details of the act of creating a work, though possibly of interest in themselves, have no bearing on the correct interpretation of the work."
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2644:, explained an additional connection between the destruction of cultural property and the cause of flight during a mission in Lebanon in April 2019: "Cultural goods are part of the identity of the people who live in a certain place. If you destroy their culture, you also destroy their identity. Many people are uprooted, often no longer have any prospects and as a result flee from their homeland." In order to preserve the
413:. Some art followers have argued that the difference between fine art and applied art has more to do with value judgments made about the art than any clear definitional difference. However, even fine art often has goals beyond pure creativity and self-expression. The purpose of works of art may be to communicate ideas, such as in politically, spiritually, or philosophically motivated art; to create a sense of beauty (see
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1444:, for example, is used to determine the personality and emotional functioning of a patient. The end product is not the principal goal in this case, but rather a process of healing, through creative acts, is sought. The resultant piece of artwork may also offer insight into the troubles experienced by the subject and may suggest suitable approaches to be used in more conventional forms of psychiatric therapy.
2562:'s painting depicting the Spanish shootings of 3 May 1808 is a graphic depiction of a firing squad executing several pleading civilians. Yet at the same time, the horrific imagery demonstrates Goya's keen artistic ability in composition and execution and produces fitting social and political outrage. Thus, the debate continues as to what mode of aesthetic satisfaction, if any, is required to define 'art'.
264:
1729:. Today, its collection is distinguished by an impressively wide historic span, from the early 15th century up to the immediate present. Its various areas of emphasis give it international standing as one of the most significant museums of its kind. These encompass: paintings and drawings by artists active in the Upper Rhine region between 1400 and 1600, and on the art of the 19th to 21st centuries.
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1977:(1884), caused a controversy over the reddish pink used to color the woman's ear lobe, considered far too suggestive and supposedly ruining the high-society model's reputation. The gradual abandonment of naturalism and the depiction of realistic representations of the visual appearance of subjects in the 19th and 20th centuries led to a rolling controversy lasting for over a century.
1040:'s representation of Napoleon as "Emperor-God beyond time and space". Similarly to extreme formalism, philosophers typically reject extreme intentionalism, because art may have multiple ambiguous meanings and authorial intent may be unknowable and thus irrelevant. Its restrictive interpretation is "socially unhealthy, philosophically unreal, and politically unwise".
689:. Further east, religion dominated artistic styles and forms too. India and Tibet saw emphasis on painted sculptures and dance, while religious painting borrowed many conventions from sculpture and tended to bright contrasting colors with emphasis on outlines. China saw the flourishing of many art forms: jade carving, bronzework, pottery (including the stunning
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imitation of men worse than average; whereas tragedy imitates men slightly better than average. Lastly, the forms differ in their manner of imitation—through narrative or character, through change or no change, and through drama or no drama. Aristotle believed that imitation is natural to mankind and constitutes one of mankind's advantages over animals.
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admits of expression in a concept determined by words. They furnish an aesthetic idea, which serves the above rational idea as a substitute for logical presentation, but with the proper function, however, of animating the mind by opening out for it a prospect into a field of kindred representations stretching beyond its ken. – Immanuel Kant
1105:, particular in its elevated sense, requires a certain level of creative expertise by the artist, whether this be a demonstration of technical ability, an originality in stylistic approach, or a combination of these two. Traditionally skill of execution was viewed as a quality inseparable from art and thus necessary for its success; for
2224:. At issue was the question of whether the aesthetic intentions of the artist in creating the work of art, whatever its specific form, should be associated with the criticism and evaluation of the final product of the work of art, or, if the work of art should be evaluated on its own merits independent of the intentions of the artist.
2121:'s 1960 article "Modernist Painting" defines modern art as "the use of characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself". Greenberg originally applied this idea to the Abstract Expressionist movement and used it as a way to understand and justify flat (non-illusionistic) abstract painting:
1940:, and economic changes in the production of art, the artists' vision became the usual determinant of the content of his art, increasing the incidence of controversies, though often reducing their significance. Strong incentives for perceived originality and publicity also encouraged artists to court controversy.
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The assumption of new values or the rebellion against accepted notions of what is aesthetically superior need not occur concurrently with a complete abandonment of the pursuit of what is aesthetically appealing. Indeed, the reverse is often true, that the revision of what is popularly conceived of as
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are typical in that the most largest and most lavish decoration was placed on the parts that could be seen by the general public, rather than the areas seen only by the priests. Many areas of royal palaces, castles and the houses of the social elite were often generally accessible, and large parts of
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is an essential step of the art process. According to education journals, the reflection of art is considered an essential part of the experience. However an important aspect of art is that others may view and appreciate it as well. While many focus on whether those viewing/listening/etc. believe the
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Jupiter's eagle is not, like logical (aesthetic) attributes of an object, the concept of the sublimity and majesty of creation, but rather something else—something that gives the imagination an incentive to spread its flight over a whole host of kindred representations that provoke more thought than
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The non-motivated purposes of art are those that are integral to being human, transcend the individual, or do not fulfill a specific external purpose. In this sense, Art, as creativity, is something humans must do by their very nature (i.e., no other species creates art), and is therefore beyond
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entirely on his ability to produce shocking concepts. The actual production in many conceptual and contemporary works of art is a matter of assembly of found objects. However, there are many modernist and contemporary artists who continue to excel in the skills of drawing and painting and in creating
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plays a decisive role in the meaning of a work of art, conveying the content or essential main idea, while all other interpretations can be discarded. It defines the subject as the persons or idea represented, and the content as the artist's experience of that subject. For example, the composition of
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and
Paisley Livingston in their essay "The Creation of Art": "Structuralist and post-structuralists theorists and critics were sharply critical of many aspects of New Criticism, beginning with the emphasis on aesthetic appreciation and the so-called autonomy of art, but they reiterated the attack on
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try to ensure effective protection at the national level and to intervene directly in the event of armed conflicts or disasters. This can particularly affect museums, archives, art collections and excavation sites. This should also secure the economic basis of a country, especially because works of
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Intellectual property law plays a significant role in the art world. Copyright protection is granted to artists for their original works, providing them with exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and display their creations. This safeguard empowers artists to govern the usage of their work and
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is also used to apply judgments of value, as in such expressions as "that meal was a work of art" (the cook is an artist), or "the art of deception" (the highly attained level of skill of the deceiver is praised). It is this use of the word as a measure of high quality and high value that gives the
2475:, suggested a thought experiment showing that "the status of an artifact as work of art results from the ideas a culture applies to it, rather than its inherent physical or perceptible qualities. Cultural interpretation (an art theory of some kind) is therefore constitutive of an object's arthood."
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who maintained that the human visual encounter was not limited to concepts represented in language alone (the linguistic turn) and that other forms of psychological representations of the work of art were equally defensible and demonstrable. Sperry's view eventually prevailed by the end of the 20th
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In the decades since, these ideas have been somewhat lost as the art market has learned to sell limited edition DVDs of video works, invitations to exclusive performance art pieces, and the objects left over from conceptual pieces. Many of these performances create works that are only understood by
1800:
Most modern public museums and art education programs for children in schools can be traced back to this impulse to have art available to everyone. However, museums do not only provide availability to art, but do also influence the way art is being perceived by the audience, as studies found. Thus,
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Art is often used as a form of propaganda, and thus can be used to subtly influence popular conceptions or mood. In a similar way, art that tries to sell a product also influences mood and emotion. In both cases, the purpose of art here is to subtly manipulate the viewer into a particular emotional
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Motivated purposes of art refer to intentional, conscious actions on the part of the artists or creator. These may be to bring about political change, to comment on an aspect of society, to convey a specific emotion or mood, to address personal psychology, to illustrate another discipline, to (with
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In many cultures, art is used in rituals, performances and dances as a decoration or symbol. While these often have no specific utilitarian (motivated) purpose, anthropologists know that they often serve a purpose at the level of meaning within a particular culture. This meaning is not furnished by
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Art has had a great number of different functions throughout its history, making its purpose difficult to abstract or quantify to any single concept. This does not imply that the purpose of art is "vague", but that it has had many unique, different reasons for being created. Some of these functions
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studies art's significance in a cultural context, such as the ideas, emotions, and reactions prompted by a work. The cultural context often reduces to the artist's techniques and intentions, in which case analysis proceeds along lines similar to formalism and intentionalism. However, in other cases
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is the view that all aesthetic properties of art are formal (that is, part of the art form). Philosophers almost universally reject this view and hold that the properties and aesthetics of art extend beyond materials, techniques, and form. Unfortunately, there is little consensus on terminology for
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as objects) that are compelled by a personal drive (art as activity) and convey a message, mood, or symbolism for the perceiver to interpret (art as experience). Art is something that stimulates an individual's thoughts, emotions, beliefs, or ideas through the senses. Works of art can be explicitly
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Realistic, naturalistic art had dissembled the medium, using art to conceal art; modernism used art to call attention to art. The limitations that constitute the medium of painting—the flat surface, the shape of the support, the properties of the pigment—were treated by the Old
Masters as negative
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By contrast, the realistic attitude, inspired by positivism, from Saint Thomas
Aquinas to Anatole France, clearly seems to me to be hostile to any intellectual or moral advancement. I loathe it, for it is made up of mediocrity, hate, and dull conceit. It is this attitude which today gives birth to
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Imitation, then, is one instinct of our nature. Next, there is the instinct for 'harmony' and rhythm, meters being manifestly sections of rhythm. Persons, therefore, starting with this natural gift developed by degrees their special aptitudes, till their rude improvisations gave birth to Poetry. –
614:
of the
Western Middle Ages, much art focused on the expression of subjects about biblical and religious culture, and used styles that showed the higher glory of a heavenly world, such as the use of gold in the background of paintings, or glass in mosaics or windows, which also presented figures in
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There have been attempts by artists to create art that can not be bought by the wealthy as a status object. One of the prime original motivators of much of the art of the late 1960s and 1970s was to create art that could not be bought and sold. It is "necessary to present something more than mere
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is whether it is perceived to be attractive or repulsive. Though perception is always colored by experience, and is necessarily subjective, it is commonly understood that what is not somehow aesthetically satisfying cannot be art. However, "good" art is not always or even regularly aesthetically
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Since ancient times, much of the finest art has represented a deliberate display of wealth or power, often achieved by using massive scale and expensive materials. Much art has been commissioned by political rulers or religious establishments, with more modest versions only available to the most
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follow this example. Emin slept (and engaged in other activities) in her bed before placing the result in a gallery as work of art. Hirst came up with the conceptual design for the artwork but has left most of the eventual creation of many works to employed artisans. Hirst's celebrity is founded
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or imitative art, each varying in imitation by medium, object, and manner. For example, music imitates with the media of rhythm and harmony, whereas dance imitates with rhythm alone, and poetry with language. The forms also differ in their object of imitation. Comedy, for instance, is a dramatic
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rejection of all canons but with a process of secularization of art, which is finally considered as "a mere (albeit essential) convention, sustained and reproduced by the art system (artists, galleries, critics, collectors), providing a free zone, that is, a more open place for experimentation,
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Art, at its simplest, is a form of communication. As most forms of communication have an intent or goal directed toward another individual, this is a motivated purpose. Illustrative arts, such as scientific illustration, are a form of art as communication. Maps are another example. However, the
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Nevertheless, there have been many periods where art of very high quality was available, in terms of ownership, across large parts of society, above all in cheap media such as pottery, which persists in the ground, and perishable media such as textiles and wood. In many different cultures, the
1202:
565:, where the oldest non-stationary works of human art yet discovered were found, in the form of carved animal and humanoid figurines, in addition to the oldest musical instruments unearthed so far, with the artifacts dating between 43,000 and 35,000 BC, so being the first centre of human art.
527:
was determined to be between 430,000 and 540,000 years old. A set of eight 130,000 years old white-tailed eagle talons bear cut marks and abrasion that indicate manipulation by neanderthals, possibly for using it as jewelry. A series of tiny, drilled snail shells about 75,000 years old—were
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made for this purpose or interpreted on the basis of images or objects. For some scholars, such as Kant, the sciences and the arts could be distinguished by taking science as representing the domain of knowledge and the arts as representing the domain of the freedom of artistic expression.
1796:
during the French
Revolution (in 1793) as a public museum for much of the former French royal collection certainly marked an important stage in the development of public access to art, transferring ownership to a republican state, but was a continuation of trends already well established.
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Following
Duchamp during the first half of the 20th century, a significant shift to general aesthetic theory took place which attempted to apply aesthetic theory between various forms of art, including the literary arts and the visual arts, to each other. This resulted in the rise of the
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Art provides a means to express the imagination in non-grammatic ways that are not tied to the formality of spoken or written language. Unlike words, which come in sequences and each of which have a definite meaning, art provides a range of forms, symbols and ideas with meanings that are
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controversy, or the "innocent eye debate" in the philosophy of art. This debate discussed the encounter of the work of art as being determined by the relative extent to which the conceptual encounter with the work of art dominates over the perceptual encounter with the work of art.
664:
in
Tunisia, also called the Mosque of Uqba, is one of the finest, most significant and best preserved artistic and architectural examples of early great mosques. Dated in its present state from the 9th century, it is the ancestor and model of all the mosques in the western Islamic
2471:'s work by arguing "For 1,000 years art has been one of our great civilising forces. Today, pickled sheep and soiled beds threaten to make barbarians of us all" they are not advancing a definition or theory about art, but questioning the value of Hirst's and Emin's work. In 1998,
2183:, Larry Shiner examines the construction of the modern system of the arts, i.e. fine art. He finds evidence that the older system of the arts before our modern system (fine art) held art to be any skilled human activity; for example, Ancient Greek society did not possess the term
2250:", which served as a kind of sister essay to "The Intentional Fallacy" Wimsatt and Beardsley also discounted the reader's personal/emotional reaction to a literary work as a valid means of analyzing a text. This fallacy would later be repudiated by theorists from the
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these ridiculous books, these insulting plays. It constantly feeds on and derives strength from the newspapers and stultifies both science and art by assiduously flattering the lowest of tastes; clarity bordering on stupidity, a dog's life. – André Breton (Surrealism)
2365:
came to hold that the conceptual encounter with the work of art predominated exclusively over the perceptual and visual encounter with the work of art during the 1960s and 1970s. He was challenged on the basis of research done by the Nobel prize winning psychologist
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interaction during this time saw an equivalent influence of other cultures into
Western art. Thus, Japanese woodblock prints (themselves influenced by Western Renaissance draftsmanship) had an immense influence on impressionism and subsequent development. Later,
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among others. Though only originally intended as a way of understanding a specific set of artists, Greenberg's definition of modern art is important to many of the ideas of art within the various art movements of the 20th century and early 21st century.
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In the first step, the artist envisions the art in their mind. By imagining what their art would look like, the artist begins the process of bringing the art into existence. Preparation of art may involve approaching and researching the subject matter.
1571:, created in the elder years of his life, are thought to be so bleak because he was in isolation and because of his experience with war. He painted them directly on the walls of his apartment in Spain, and most likely never discussed them with anyone.
1300:
Most scholars who deal with rock paintings or objects recovered from prehistoric contexts that cannot be explained in utilitarian terms and are thus categorized as decorative, ritual or symbolic, are aware of the trap posed by the term 'art'. – Silva
482:" has conferred "the status of candidate for appreciation". Larry Shiner has described fine art as "not an essence or a fate but something we have made. Art as we have generally understood it is a European invention barely two hundred years old."
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2176:
Duchamp once proposed that art is any activity of any kind-everything. However, the way that only certain activities are classified today as art is a social construction. There is evidence that there may be an element of truth to this. In
1387:
While similar to art for political change, subversive or deconstructivist art may seek to question aspects of society without any specific political goal. In this case, the function of art may be used to criticize some aspect of society.
2580:
feelings, and can be understood as a way of communicating these feelings. Artists express something so that their audience is aroused to some extent, but they do not have to do so consciously. Art may be considered an exploration of the
2243:, or "intended meaning" in the analysis of a literary work. For Wimsatt and Beardsley, the words on the page were all that mattered; importation of meanings from outside the text was considered irrelevant, and potentially distracting.
2269:
Gaut and
Livingston define the intentionalists as distinct from formalists stating that: "Intentionalists, unlike formalists, hold that reference to intentions is essential in fixing the correct interpretation of works." They quote
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remain especially controversial. Much art has been disliked purely because it depicted or otherwise stood for unpopular rulers, parties or other groups. Artistic conventions have often been conservative and taken very seriously by
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appealing to a majority of viewers. In other words, an artist's prime motivation need not be the pursuit of the aesthetic. Also, art often depicts terrible images made for social, moral, or thought-provoking reasons. For example,
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view that art expresses emotions, and that the work of art therefore essentially exists in the mind of the creator. The theory of art as form has its roots in the philosophy of Kant, and was developed in the early 20th century by
4015:
Veronika Eckl "Vom Leben in Cafés und zwischen
Buchdeckeln" In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 17.01.2008; Angelo Ara, Claudio Magris "Triest Eine literarische Hauptstadt Mitteleuropas (Trieste: un’identità di frontiera)"
2274:
as stating that, "The task of criticism is the reconstruction of the creative process, where the creative process must in turn be thought of as something not stopping short of, but terminating on, the work of art itself."
376:
may refer to several things: (i) a study of a creative skill, (ii) a process of using the creative skill, (iii) a product of the creative skill, or (iv) the audience's experience with the creative skill. The creative arts
364:
emerged in the early 17th century. Fine art refers to a skill used to express the artist's creativity, or to engage the audience's aesthetic sensibilities, or to draw the audience towards consideration of more refined or
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paintings are busy and colorful, and focus on telling stories via setting and composition. Japan names its styles after imperial dynasties too, and also saw much interplay between the styles of calligraphy and painting.
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term its flavor of subjectivity. Making judgments of value requires a basis for criticism. At the simplest level, a way to determine whether the impact of the object on the senses meets the criteria to be considered
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9100:
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1812:, a railroad executive whose personal art collection seeded the museum.) But despite all this, at least one of the important functions of art in the 21st century remains as a marker of wealth and social status.
1380:
has enhanced its tolerance towards cultural differences as well as its critical and liberating functions (social inquiry, activism, subversion, deconstruction, etc.), becoming a more open place for research and
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The functions of art described above are not mutually exclusive, as many of them may overlap. For example, art for the purpose of entertainment may also seek to sell a product, i.e. the movie or video game.
428:
as "one of the most elusive of the traditional problems of human culture". Art has been defined as a vehicle for the expression or communication of emotions and ideas, a means for exploring and appreciating
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who glued them to the walls of their homes. Printed books were initially very expensive, but fell steadily in price until by the 19th century even the poorest could afford some with printed illustrations.
838:
said in 1970, "It is now taken for granted that nothing which concerns art can be taken for granted any more: neither art itself, nor art in relationship to the whole, nor even the right of art to exist."
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had a greatly increased emphasis on the realistic depiction of the material world, and the place of humans in it, reflected in the corporeality of the human body, and development of a systematic method of
404:
Often, if the skill is being used in a common or practical way, people will consider it a craft instead of art. Likewise, if the skill is being used in a commercial or industrial way, it may be considered
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art to be good/successful or not, art has profound value beyond its commercial success as a provider of information and health in society. Art enjoyment can bring about a wide spectrum of emotion due to
7756:
Friedrich Schipper: "Bildersturm: Die globalen Normen zum Schutz von Kulturgut greifen nicht" (German – The global norms for the protection of cultural property do not apply), In: Der Standard, 6 March
1779:
opened entirely as a gallery in 1765, though this function had been gradually taking the building over from the original civil servants' offices for a long time before. The building now occupied by the
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1332:. Art may seek to bring about a particular emotion or mood, for the purpose of relaxing or entertaining the viewer. This is often the function of the art industries of motion pictures and video games.
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functioned in the ancient Greek world as the Bible does today in the modern Christian world: as divinely inspired literary art that can provide moral guidance, if only it can be properly interpreted.
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Art has long been controversial, that is to say disliked by some viewers, for a wide variety of reasons, though most pre-modern controversies are dimly recorded, or completely lost to a modern view.
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on publicly viewable walls, buildings, buses, trains, and bridges, usually without permission. Certain art forms, such as graffiti, may also be illegal when they break laws (in this case vandalism).
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is one of the most vivid examples of this interaction. The meeting of different cultures and worldviews also influenced artistic creation. An example of this is the multicultural port metropolis of
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5250:
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the art collections of such people could often be seen, either by anybody, or by those able to pay a small price, or those wearing the correct clothes, regardless of who they were, as at the
1735:, secular and religious, by their nature normally address the whole of society, and visitors as viewers, and display to the general public has long been an important factor in their design.
1967:(1863), was considered scandalous not because of the nude woman, but because she is seated next to men fully dressed in the clothing of the time, rather than in robes of the antique world.
1117:
were alternately admired and viewed with skepticism for their manual fluency, yet at nearly the same time the artist who would become the era's most recognized and peripatetic iconoclast,
236:
is closely related to the older Latin meaning, which roughly translates to "skill" or "craft", as associated with words such as "artisan". English words derived from this meaning include
5161:
1486:
Art can be divided into any number of steps one can make an argument for. This section divides the creative process into broad three steps, but there is no consensus on an exact number.
855:
and irony. Furthermore, the separation of cultures is increasingly blurred and some argue it is now more appropriate to think in terms of a global culture, rather than of regional ones.
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697:), poetry, calligraphy, music, painting, drama, fiction, etc. Chinese styles vary greatly from era to era and each one is traditionally named after the ruling dynasty. So, for example,
3455:
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The trade in works of art or the export from a country may be subject to legal regulations. Internationally there are also extensive efforts to protect the works of art created. The
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Disputes as to whether or not to classify something as a work of art are referred to as classificatory disputes about art. Classificatory disputes in the 20th century have included
2035:'s sacrifice and final suffering, submerged in a glass of the artist's own urine. The resulting uproar led to comments in the United States Senate about public funding of the arts.
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is a general dislike of either all figurative images, or often just religious ones, and has been a thread in many major religions. It has been a crucial factor in the history of
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779:
The history of 20th-century art is a narrative of endless possibilities and the search for new standards, each being torn down in succession by the next. Thus the parameters of
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factors that could be acknowledged only implicitly or indirectly. Under Modernism these same limitations came to be regarded as positive factors, and were acknowledged openly.
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5897:
2528:, or advertising, it involves the creation of objects where the practical considerations of use are essential in a way that they usually are not in a painting, for example.
485:
Art may be characterized in terms of mimesis (its representation of reality), narrative (storytelling), expression, communication of emotion, or other qualities. During the
5139:
2057:; ideas as to what the appropriate balance is have shifted to and fro over the centuries. This concern is largely absent in other traditions of art. The aesthetic theorist
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historical and material conditions may predominate, such as religious and philosophical convictions, sociopolitical and economic structures, or even climate and geography.
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dating to roughly 40,000 years ago have been found, but the precise meaning of such art is often disputed because so little is known about the cultures that produced them.
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2021:(1981), depicts a female nude, hooded detainee strapped to a chair, her legs open to reveal her sexual organs, surrounded by two tormentors dressed in everyday clothing.
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1376:, removed from the action of the social censure. Unlike the avant-garde movements, which wanted to erase cultural differences in order to produce new universal values,
1113:'s work, now praised for its ephemeral virtues, was most admired by his contemporaries for its virtuosity. At the turn of the 20th century, the adroit performances of
7766:
Corine Wegener, Marjan Otter: Cultural Property at War: Protecting Heritage during Armed Conflict. In: The Getty Conservation Institute, Newsletter 23.1, Spring 2008.
232:; however, some theorists think that the typical concept of "artistic works" does not fit well outside modern Western societies. One early sense of the definition of
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Art at this level is not an action or an object, but an internal appreciation of balance and harmony (beauty), and therefore an aspect of being human beyond utility.
5183:
1237:
of art are provided in the following outline. The different purposes of art may be grouped according to those that are non-motivated, and those that are motivated (
879:
at the beginning of the 20th century, where James Joyce met writers from Central Europe and the artistic development of New York City as a cultural melting pot.
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as a criticism of the prevailing climate of disagreement in the philosophy of art during the closing decades of the 20th century. Influential theorists include
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the museum itself is not only a blunt stage for the presentation of art, but plays an active and vital role in the overall perception of art in modern society.
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Non-Western images are not well described in terms of art, and neither are medieval paintings that were made in the absence of humanist ideas of artistic value
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Art provides a way to experience one's self in relation to the universe. This experience may often come unmotivated, as one appreciates art, music or poetry.
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There is an understanding that is reached with the material as a result of handling it, which facilitates one's thought processes. A common view is that the
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that defines a work of art as any artifact upon which a qualified person or persons acting on behalf of the social institution commonly referred to as "the
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idealized, patterned (flat) forms. Nevertheless, a classical realist tradition persisted in small Byzantine works, and realism steadily grew in the art of
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and its uses with images, necessitates a re-evaluation of aesthetic theory in art history today and a reconsideration of the limits of human creativity.
291:, among others, questioned the meaning of art. Several dialogues in Plato tackle questions about art, while Socrates says that poetry is inspired by the
7697:"UNESCO Legal Instruments: Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict 1999"
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in the late 19th century led to a radical break in the conception of the function of art, and then again in the late 20th century with the advent of
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is among the first examples of pieces wherein the artist used found objects ("ready-made") and exercised no traditionally recognised set of skills.
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occurs along the lines of objecting to the apparent lack of skill or ability required in the production of the artistic object. In conceptual art,
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HCI International 2011 Posters' Extended Abstracts: International Conference, HCI International 2011, Orlando, FL, July 9–14, 2011, Proceedings
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6585:, rejecting nothing and selecting nothing, and scorning nothing, believing all things are right and good, and rejoicing always in the truth".
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The content of much formal art through history was dictated by the patron or commissioner rather than just the artist, but with the advent of
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became a major industry from the Renaissance onwards, and governments and cities made efforts to make their key works accessible. The British
121:, and its interpretation has varied greatly throughout history and across cultures. In the Western tradition, the three classical branches of
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explanation for this is that the human brain and associated traits (such as artistic ability and creativity) are the human equivalent of the
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In the second step, the artist executes the creation of their work. The creation of a piece can be affected by factors such as the artist's
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discovered in a South African cave. Containers that may have been used to hold paints have been found dating as far back as 100,000 years.
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Spratt, Emily L.; Elgammal, Ahmed (29 September 2014). "Computational Beauty: Aesthetic Judgment at the Intersection of Art and Science".
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are historical products that came later on in human history. Techne included painting, sculpting and music, but also cooking, medicine,
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Before Modernism, aesthetics in Western art was greatly concerned with achieving the appropriate balance between different aspects of
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It has been argued that the ability of the human brain by far exceeds what was needed for survival in the ancestral environment. One
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Cochran-Smith, Marilyn; Lytle, Susan L. (January 1999). "Relationships of knowledge and practice: teacher learning in communities".
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and is not rational. He speaks approvingly of this, and other forms of divine madness (drunkenness, eroticism, and dreaming) in the
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The creative arts are often divided into more specific categories, typically along perceptually distinguishable categories such as
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The Search for Aesthetic Meaning in the Visual Arts: The Need for the Aesthetic Tradition in Contemporary Art Theory and Education
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2331:. The power of language, more specifically of certain rhetorical tropes, in art history and historical discourse was explored by
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any one individual, but is often the result of many generations of change, and of a cosmological relationship within the culture.
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Art can be used to raise awareness for a large variety of causes. A number of art activities were aimed at raising awareness of
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Roger O’Keefe, Camille Péron, Tofig Musayev, Gianluca Ferrari: Protection of Cultural Property. Military Manual. UNESCO, 2016.
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Decisive for the linguistic turn debate in art history and the humanities were the works of yet another tradition, namely the
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Special arrangements were made to allow the public to see many royal or private collections placed in galleries, as with the
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The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science. – Albert Einstein
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In general there are three schools of philosophy regarding art, focusing respectively on form, content, and context. Extreme
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is a label for art that intentionally challenges the established parameters and values of art; it is a term associated with
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to convey meaning with immediacy or depth. Art can be defined as an act of expressing feelings, thoughts, and observations.
834:, the idealistic search for truth, gave way in the latter half of the 20th century to a realization of its unattainability.
820:. Similarly, in the 19th and 20th centuries the West has had huge impacts on Eastern art with originally western ideas like
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have interpreted art as the means by which a community develops for itself a medium for self-expression and interpretation.
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851:, where cultures of the world and of history are seen as changing forms, which can be appreciated and drawn from only with
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2258:, was himself trained by New Critics. Fish criticizes Wimsatt and Beardsley in his 1970 essay "Literature in the Reader".
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that are independent of its interpretation or significance. It covers the methods adopted by the artist and the physical
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2501:(1917), an ordinary urinal, has achieved considerable prominence and influence on art. Anti-art is a feature of work by
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rejections of this in favor of pictures of the emotional side and individuality of humans, exemplified in the novels of
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for the public display of parts of the royal art collection, and similar royal galleries open to the public existed in
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One of the defining functions of early 20th-century art has been to use visual images to bring about political change.
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2084:, whereby it is not an absolute value, but depends on, and varies with, the human experience of different humans.
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In the perspective of the history of art, artistic works have existed for almost as long as humankind: from early
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2821:"Conceptual Art | Definition of Conceptual Art by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of Conceptual Art"
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Historically, art and artistic skills and ideas have often been spread through trade. An example of this is the
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8052:. Art Gallery of The Graduate Center, The City University of New York and The Salgo Trust for Education, 2006.
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2412:
1831:
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1744:, where the appropriate extra accessories (silver shoe buckles and a sword) could be hired from shops outside.
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1465:'s tail. The purpose of the male peacock's extravagant tail has been argued to be to attract females (see also
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1473:). According to this theory superior execution of art was evolutionarily important because it attracted mates.
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were both artistic and practical, and very widely used by what can be loosely called the middle class in the
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860:
7651:"Pluralities of Power in Indonesia's Intellectual Property Law, Regional Arts and Religious Freedom Debates"
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2065:, saw art's role as the communication by artifice of an essential truth that could only be found in nature.
1963:
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is one of the main drivers of art, and may be considered to stem from instinct, impressions, and feelings.
1226:
489:, art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science".
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4718:. Note: Although speaking mostly of poetry here, the Ancient Greeks often speak of the arts collectively.
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Development of Modern Art Criticism in India after Independence: Post Independence Indian Art Criticism
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Framed Visions: Popular Culture, Americanization, and the Contemporary German and Austrian Imagination
2191:. Techne can be understood neither as art or craft, the reason being that the distinctions of art and
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Forms of the "medieval" in the "Renaissance": A Multidisciplinary Exploration of a Cultural Continuum
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Many great traditions in art have a foundation in the art of one of the great ancient civilizations:
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peoples, Rwanda. Artistic works may serve practical functions, in addition to their decorative value.
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5719:"Ceramics of the Indigenous Peoples of South America: Studies of Production and Exchange using INAA"
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1605:, which has the sub-topic of critique. In one study, over half of visual arts students agreed that
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2013:, to depict the harrowing consequences of a contemporary bombing of a small, ancient Basque town.
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content of art could cause controversy, as with late medieval depictions of the new motif of the
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7120:. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1968. 2nd ed. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1976. Based on his 1960–61
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The definition and evaluation of art has become especially problematic since the 20th century.
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is the destruction of art that is disliked for a variety of reasons, including religious ones.
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in Paris, which could be visited for most of the 18th century. In Italy the art tourism of the
1614:. Some art is meant to be practical, with its analysis studious, meant to stimulate discourse.
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content need not be scientific. Emotions, moods and feelings are also communicated through art.
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2080:, whereby it is also an absolute value, but is dependent on general human experience; and the
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This article is about the general concept of art. For the group of creative disciplines, see
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to all cultural image-making, including fashion images, comics, billboards and pornography.
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181:. In modern usage after the 17th century, where aesthetic considerations are paramount, the
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1973:
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256:. However, there are many other colloquial uses of the word, all with some relation to its
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art are often of tourist importance. The founding president of Blue Shield International,
2169:. Artists of the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s expanded this technique of self-criticism beyond
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were widely used, these also became an art form that reached the widest range of society.
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2031:(1989) is a photograph of a crucifix, sacred to the Christian religion and representing
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in the 18th century saw artistic depictions of physical and rational certainties of the
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strongly defending a return to moderate aesthetic formalism among other alternatives.
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school of literary theory. Ironically, one of the leading theorists from this school,
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artefacts or images with symbolic meanings as a means of communication. – Steve Mithen
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2742:, a guide to the subject of art presented as a tree structured list of its subtopics.
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1109:, art, neither more nor less than his other endeavors, was a manifestation of skill.
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803:, etc. cannot be maintained very much beyond the time of their invention. Increasing
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identified art as a use of indirect means to communicate from one person to another.
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Egyptian Temple Architecture: 100 Years of Hungarian Excavations in Egypt, 1907–2007
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For glory and for beauty: practical perspectives on Christianity and the visual arts
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4196:
2076:, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute value independent of any human view; the
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are found in such a wide range of graves that they were clearly not restricted to a
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RevolutionArt – Art magazines with worldwide exhibitions, callings and competitions
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5241:"Red dress art project to raise awareness of murdered and missing Aboriginal women"
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3333:, Galen Johnson and Michael Smith (eds), (Northwestern University Press, 1994) and
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2572:. Art is often intended to appeal to and connect with human emotion. It can arouse
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Art is also used by art therapists, psychotherapists and clinical psychologists as
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740:, as well as politically revolutionary visions of a post-monarchist world, such as
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instead of fine art. On the other hand, crafts and design are sometimes considered
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5411:"What Are the Stages of the Creative Process? What Visual Art Students Are Saying"
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these informal properties. Some authors refer to subject matter and content—i.e.,
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A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful
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Public Access to Art in Paris: A Documentary History from the Middle Ages to 1800
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Propaganda Prints: A History of Art in the Service of Social and Political Change
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Museums in the United States tend to be gifts from the very rich to the masses. (
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5534:"Effective reflective practice: in search of meaning in learning about teaching"
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Digital Arts and Entertainment: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
4348:"Triad: Method for studying the core of the semiotic parity of language and art"
3893:"The Age of Enlightenment An Anthology Prepared for the Enlightenment Book Club"
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Fish, Stanley (Autumn 1970). "Literature in the Reader: Affective Stylistics".
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7732:"UNIFIL – Action plan to preserve heritage sites during conflict, 12 Apr 2019"
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Objects Observed: The Poetry of Things in Twentieth-Century France and America
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The Prehistory of the Mind: The Cognitive Origins of Art, Religion and Science
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a transparent medium of thought had been stressed by a very different form of
1990:
Everyone an artist – On the way to the libertarian form of the social organism
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paintings are monochromatic and sparse, emphasizing idealized landscapes, but
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319:, Socrates gives no hint of the disapproval of Homer that he expresses in the
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3182:(6th ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 119–121.
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of many different sorts have decorated homes and other places for centuries.
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are separated and distinguished from acquired skills in general, such as the
56:
48:
8461:
8117:. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 657–660.
4839:
2588:
By extension, it has been argued by Emily L. Spratt that the development of
2524:
Architecture is often included as one of the visual arts; however, like the
2072:
distinguishes three approaches to assessing the aesthetic value of art: the
417:); to explore the nature of perception; for pleasure; or to generate strong
336:
With regards to the literary art and the musical arts, Aristotle considered
10306:
10190:
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9794:
9476:
9400:
8874:
8739:
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8451:
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5669:
5446:
5385:
3660:
2492:
2472:
2464:
2367:
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2255:
2196:
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became both noteworthy and influential through work including and possibly
2032:
1985:
1922:
1836:
1817:
1752:
1652:
1558:
1554:
1527:
1389:
1339:
1179:
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935:
761:
718:
702:
698:
611:
523:
190:
134:
8279:
6351:
Reordering of Culture: Latin America, the Caribbean and Canada in the Hood
6273:
British Romanticism and the Reception of Italian Old Master Art, 1793–1840
4317:
Emiroğlu, Melahat Küçükarslan; Koş, Fitnat Cimşit (16–20 September 2014).
4242:
1099:
10247:
10242:
10222:
10185:
10159:
10117:
9905:
9784:
9706:
9670:
9653:
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9608:
9486:
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9415:
9410:
9347:
9043:
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8852:
8804:
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8714:
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5245:
3334:
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1007:
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670:
584:
543:
486:
442:
410:
337:
213:
100:
92:
43:
8232:
What Are You Looking At?: 150 Years of Modern Art in the Blink of an Eye
8222:
5990:
The Museum Is Open: Towards a Transnational History of Museums 1750–1940
2210:
1655:, though other forms of art may have been. Reproductive methods such as
10272:
10252:
10227:
9944:
9839:
9694:
9682:
9648:
9603:
9593:
9496:
9491:
9013:
8991:
8884:
8669:
8629:
8589:
8456:
8371:
8177:
5610:
4073:
3098:
3066:
2719:
2613:
2459:
2423:
to photograph the urinal. The exhibition entry tag can be clearly seen.
2262:
2044:
2014:
1899:
1882:
1756:
1732:
1635:
1393:
1347:
1206:
1155:
1121:, was completing a traditional academic training at which he excelled.
1088:
1003:
947:
911:
871:, where Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian and Chinese influences could mix.
852:
840:
800:
463:
414:
201:
150:
122:
96:
7223:
7053:
5404:
5402:
5400:
5398:
3067:"Art History and Images That Are Not Art (with previous bibliography)"
2283:
The end of the 20th century fostered an extensive debate known as the
1682:
Another important innovation came in the 15th century in Europe, when
10262:
10232:
9613:
9503:
9420:
9351:
8924:
8894:
8689:
8634:
8554:
8486:
8121:
6194:
Sharp, Willoughby (December 1969). "An Interview with Joseph Beuys".
6103:
5864:
Prints and Printmaking: An Introduction to the History and Techniques
4003:
3610:"Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy"
3478:"130,000-Year-Old Neanderthal 'Eagle Claw Necklace' Found in Croatia"
2609:
2573:
2568:
2166:
2110:
1886:
1821:
1631:
1422:, murdered and missing Aboriginal women, elder abuse, and pollution.
1313:
commercial arts) sell a product, or used as a form of communication.
1134:
1110:
963:
915:
868:
831:
821:
641:
479:
459:
341:
280:
257:
130:
7594:
6227:
4065:
3609:
3082:
1124:
10257:
10237:
9844:
9741:
9481:
9466:
9437:
9390:
9225:
8959:
8909:
8889:
8754:
7518:
7350:
7207:
7045:
6546:
Noah's Other Son: Bridging the Gap Between the Bible and the Qur'an
5395:
5184:"SciCafe – Art/Sci Collision: Raising Ocean Conservation Awareness"
5110:"October art walk aims to raise money, awareness for breast cancer"
4393:. Illustrated London News & Sketch Limited. 1872. p. 502.
4027:"How did New York City become the centre of the western art world?"
3616:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
2934:
The Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects
2662:
Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
2577:
2541:
2514:
2506:
2479:
2235:
published a classic and controversial New Critical essay entitled "
2204:
2200:
2054:
1820:. This time period saw the rise of such things as performance art,
1776:
1580:
1423:
1092:
1033:
905:
633:
568:
454:
284:
205:
182:
178:
166:
126:
31:
7634:
6905:
New Literary Histories: New Historicism and Contemporary Criticism
2130:
After Greenberg, several important art theorists emerged, such as
1201:
930:
of the artwork, primarily non-semantic aspects of the work (i.e.,
10217:
10180:
9598:
9508:
9385:
9370:
9038:
8986:
8944:
8929:
8899:
3929:. Vol. 1, 84. The New York Times Company. 1979. p. 30.
3636:"World's Oldest Figurative Art is Now an Official World Treasure"
2617:
2436:
2154:
1980:
1926:
1691:
1687:
1659:
made mass-production easier, and were used to bring high-quality
1537:
1462:
1401:
1343:
1219:
1185:
The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living
1147:
983:
931:
876:
843:
was accepted as an unavoidable truth, which led to the period of
817:
813:
796:
788:
773:
652:. It reads "Mahmud Khan son of Abdulhamid is forever victorious".
553:
The first undisputed sculptures and similar art pieces, like the
418:
345:
173:
referred to any skill or mastery and was not differentiated from
138:
108:
3424:"Lion man takes pride of place as oldest statue" by Rex Dalton,
713:
503:
441:. Art as mimesis has deep roots in the philosophy of Aristotle.
10212:
9566:
9518:
9513:
9432:
8971:
8949:
8879:
8857:
7777:
7422:
5275:. Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. Archived from
2653:
2632:
2428:
2188:
2006:
1930:
1789:
1772:
1713:, Switzerland, is the oldest public museum of art in the world.
1611:
1430:
is one example of using art to raise awareness about pollution.
1419:
1411:
1174:
951:
792:
753:
638:
196:
The nature of art and related concepts, such as creativity and
104:
10128:
7880:. Edition 2, revised. Indiana: Indiana University Press, 1953.
7479:
6507:
Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints and Voices
6228:"YouTube for Artists The best places to find video art online"
5140:"Students get creative in the fight against human trafficking"
4323:. 12th World Congress of Semiotics. New Bulgarian University.
4268:
Munk, Eduard; Beck, Charles; Felton, Cornelius Conway (1844).
2689:
1839:
opened up the interior court to create the expansive entrance
263:
10195:
9427:
8744:
8340:
8313:– online collections from UK museums, galleries, universities
6659:
Writing Back to Modern Art: After Greenberg, Fried, and Clark
6347:
6106:"Effects of Context and Genuineness in the Experience of Art"
5273:"Raising elder abuse awareness through intergenerational art"
4522:
4444:
4170:"Against Zangwill's Extreme Formalism About Inorganic Nature"
3539:"African Cave Yields Evidence of a Prehistoric Paint Factory"
2278:
2239:", in which they argued strongly against the relevance of an
2192:
1925:
was controversial for various reasons, including breaches of
1781:
1718:
1710:
1451:
or psychological response toward a particular idea or object.
1091:. Art can also refer to the developed and efficient use of a
600:
381:
as discipline) are a collection of disciplines which produce
329:
310:
292:
276:
174:
154:
142:
77:
8304:
Art and Artist Files in the Smithsonian Libraries Collection
7078:
7076:
5049:"Photographer Seeks Subjects To Help Raise Cancer Awareness"
4917:
removed from the constraints of the practical sphere.": see
1426:, using trash to make fashion, practiced by artists such as
117:
There is no generally agreed definition of what constitutes
8965:
8939:
7318:
5986:
5508:"Beatles' Acid Test: How LSD Opened the Door to 'Revolver'"
4794:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 529–533.
2484:
1676:
1087:
Art can connote a sense of trained ability or mastery of a
288:
158:
111:
8102:
7912:
Art as Culture: An Introduction to the Anthropology of Art
4052:
Walton, Kendall L. (1 January 1970). "Categories of Art".
1725:, opened the first public museum of art in the world, the
630:
to depict recession in a three-dimensional picture space.
8934:
8043:
Aesthetic as Science of Expression and General Linguistic
7106:, Michael Lane, Basic Books University of Michigan, 1970.
7073:
6503:
4006:"The Silk Road in World History" (New York 2010), pp. 21.
2620:
and works that are strongly based on other works of art.
1957:), was in part a political commentary on a recent event.
1593:
are considered an integral part of the creation process.
1576:
268:
5634:"What is Art Good For? The Socio-Epistemic Value of Art"
4604:
Damien Hirst's Shark: Nature, Capitalism and the Sublime
2977:. Oxford University Press. December 2011. Archived from
2624:
safeguard against unauthorized copying or infringement.
8035:(this book has significant material on art and science)
8011:
Digital and Other Virtualities: Renegotiating the image
7969:
The Abuse of Beauty: Aesthetics and the Concept of Art.
6794:
6104:
Susanne GrĂĽner; Eva Specker & Helmut Leder (2019).
5409:
Botella, Marion; Zenasni, Franck; Lubart, Todd (2018).
5300:"Trash to treasure: Turning Mt. Everest waste into art"
5016:"Anchorage art exhibit to raise awareness about autism"
4787:
4565:
Gardner's Art through the Ages: The Western Perspective
4516:
4415:
2628:
103:
talent, generally expressive of technical proficiency,
7724:
6029:
The Uffizi: The Official Guide : All of the Works
5757:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 264.
3742:
The Genius of Arab Civilization: Source of Renaissance
3442:"Shell 'Art' Made 300,000 Years Before Humans Evolved"
2978:
9151:
The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction
8161:
Intellectual Birdhouse. Artistic Practice as Research
7589:(3). ACM: Association for Computing Machinery: 8–20.
7564:
Philosophy of the arts: an introduction to aesthetics
7512:
6817:
4840:
Information Resources Management Association (2014).
3682:
Gombrich, pp. 83, 75–115, 132–141, 147–155, 163, 627.
2491:
just before World War I, when he was making art from
535:, dating back 51,000 years and made by Neanderthals.
8087:. Massachusetts: October Books/The MIT Press, 2006.
7165:"2003: the 3rd Annual Year in Ideas: Video Game Art"
7117:
Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols
5408:
5388:. 2003. "Aesthetics and Evolutionary Psychology" in
5210:"SMU students raise awareness with 'Art for Darfur'"
5186:. American Museum of Natural History. Archived from
4438:
3309:, is considered in Wollheim, op. cit. 1980 pp. 36–43
2671:
2362:
Languages of Art: An Approach to a Theory of Symbols
424:
The nature of art has been described by philosopher
7473:
7267:. New York: Oxford University Press. Archived from
6341:
6308:
5021:. Alaska Department of Health and Social Services.
3428:425, 7 (4 September 2003) doi:10.1038/425007a also
3242:, p. 1, 2nd ed., 1980, Cambridge University Press,
1902:, though often much less so by a wider public. The
1358:, among others—are collectively referred to as the
882:
8215:Art and its Objects: An introduction to aesthetics
7579:"Computers and art in the age of machine learning"
6979:
6694:
6655:
6646:. ed. Francis Frascina and Charles Harrison, 1982.
6542:
6497:
5861:
5817:
5747:
5588:
4918:
3006:. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. xi–xiii.
2903:
2061:, who championed what he saw as the naturalism of
1763:remains distinct, but large donations such as the
1634:. Museums are important forums for the display of
710:became important in Japan after the 17th century.
200:, are explored in a branch of philosophy known as
9346:
8189:Art Through the Ages, Twelfth Edition (2 volumes)
7993:Themes of Contemporary Art, Visual Art after 1980
6425:
6258:Themes of Contemporary Art, Visual Art after 1980
1256:Basic human instinct for harmony, balance, rhythm
591:, India, China, Ancient Greece, Rome, as well as
421:. The purpose may also be seemingly nonexistent.
397:Back of a Renaissance oval basin or dish, in the
10298:
8184:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986
7140:
6983:Introducing Aesthetics and the Philosophy of Art
6898:
6811:
6778:. F-R Publishing Corporation. 2004. p. 84.
5856:
5631:
4672:
3401:
1792:, Munich and other capitals. The opening of the
1583:influenced some of their greatest hits, such as
744:'s portrayal of Newton as a divine geometer, or
9824:Timeline of 20th century printmaking in America
8025:The New Story of Science: mind and the universe
7159:
7133:Nick Zangwill, "Feasible Aesthetic Formalism",
6940:
6154:
5980:
4986:"Art exhibit aims to raise awareness of autism"
4781:
4561:
2540:Aboriginal hollow log tombs. National Gallery,
1816:objects" said the major post war German artist
531:The oldest piece of art found in Europe is the
352:The more recent and specific sense of the word
8249:A History of Six Ideas: an Essay in Aesthetics
7954:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
7627:
7526:A World of Polities: Essays on Global Politics
6892:
6863:Literary Theory and Criticism: An Oxford Guide
6856:
6644:Modern Art and Modernism: A Critical Anthology
6595:, Volume I, 1843. London: Smith, Elder and Co.
6302:
5850:
4964:"RiverKings raising autism awareness with art"
4668:
4666:
4664:
4483:
4409:
4267:
3795:
3028:
2876:
2849:
1808:in New York City, for example, was created by
1649:ceramics of indigenous peoples of the Americas
1385:Art for social inquiry, subversion or anarchy.
313:'s great poetic art, and laughter as well. In
10144:
9332:
8356:
7022:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2001.
6733:
6727:
6386:
6269:
6214:New Art in the 60s and 70s Redefining Reality
5925:. American Univ in Cairo Press. p. 140.
5461:Goya: The Origins of the Modern Temper in Art
5079:"Bra art raising awareness for breast cancer"
4833:
4776:Places of Art: Art and Archaeology in Context
3564:"World's oldest art found in Indonesian cave"
3341:, (State University of New York Press, 2009).
1052:continues to grow and develop alongside art.
9081:The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons
8062:Burguete, Maria, and Lam, Lui, eds. (2011).
7194:Novitz, David (1996). "Disputes about Art".
7020:The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism
6908:. Manchester University Press. p. 221.
6740:. University of Michigan Press. p. 43.
6639:
6637:
6464:
6419:
6354:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. p. 256.
6148:
6025:
3958:
3691:Gombrich, pp. 86–89, 135–141, 143, 179, 185.
3257:
3255:
2901:
2548:Somewhat in relation to the above, the word
2513:, though it is a form still rejected by the
2371:century with aesthetic philosophers such as
1032:. As evidenced by the title, the subject is
508:
8293:from the Dictionary of the History of ideas
8027:, Lake Bluff, Ill.: Regnery Gateway, 1984.
7813:(Revised ed.). London: Phaidon Press.
7806:
7196:The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism
6934:
6649:
6458:
6393:. University of Toronto Press. p. 50.
5957:
5951:
5918:
5811:
5741:
5328:
4661:
4555:
4316:
3843:
3700:
3694:
3670:
3434:
3357:New York: St. Martin's Press, 1979, p. 89.
2211:New Criticism and the "intentional fallacy"
1434:Art for psychological and healing purposes.
756:. The late 19th century then saw a host of
165:, are included in a broader definition of "
10151:
10137:
9339:
9325:
8363:
8349:
8182:Theories and Documents of Contemporary Art
8159:, Claudia Mareis and Michael Schwab, eds.
7938:. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.
7778:"Austrian Armed Forces Mission in Lebanon"
6850:
6624:. Routledge, London & New York, 1999.
6536:
6380:
6263:
6019:
5912:
5868:. University of California Press. p.
4679:. Cambridge University Press. p. 37.
4477:
4355:Signs – International Journal of Semiotics
4224:
4218:
4168:Xu, Min; Deng, Guifang (2 December 2014).
3789:
3509:""World's Oldest Jewellery Found in Cave""
3353:Art and Philosophy: Readings in Aesthetics
3003:Art and Philosophy: Readings in Aesthetics
2378:
1336:The Avant-Garde. Art for political change.
1244:
208:are studied in the professional fields of
7633:
7480:Nicholas Addison; Lesley Burgess (2012).
7407:, 20 April 2003. Retrieved on 2 May 2009.
7379:""In bed with Tracey, Sarah ... and Ron""
7343:
6973:
6688:
6634:
6429:The Queer Encyclopedia of the Visual Arts
5659:
5649:
5525:
5436:
5426:
5322:
4645:. Vol. V. J. Bell. 1808. p. 8.
4451:. American Society of Classical Realism.
4132:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4122:
3882:Gombrich, pp. 394–395, 519–527, 573–575.
3837:
3561:
3252:
3175:
1145:–1506, showing the painting technique of
748:'s propagandistic paintings. This led to
559:Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura
27:Creative work to evoke aesthetic response
7951:The Invention of Art: A Cultural History
7376:
7344:Schneider, Caroline (1 September 2001).
7309:
7307:
7305:
7303:
7301:
7299:
7293:, edited by Susan Vogel. New York, 1988.
6866:. Oxford University Press. p. 171.
6348:Alvina Ruprecht; Cecilia Taiana (1995).
5531:
5335:Healing Arts: The History of Art Therapy
5238:
5162:"Looking to raise awareness at ArtPrize"
4529:. Univ of California Press. p. 26.
4523:Jane Dillenberger; John Handley (2014).
4445:Kirk Richards; Stephen Gjertson (2002).
3964:
3377:The Invention of Art: A Cultural History
3289:, Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 16.
2535:
2388:
2180:The Invention of Art: A Cultural History
2091:
1979:
1857:
1830:
1701:
1621:
1526:
1493:
1218:
1200:
1154:A common contemporary criticism of some
1123:
1065:
886:
712:
655:
632:
567:
557:, are the numerous objects found at the
502:
466:. More recently, thinkers influenced by
392:
262:
42:
7448:
6260:, p. 16. Oxford University Press, 2005.
6225:
5505:
5297:
4961:
4345:
4320:Design Semiotics and Post-Structuralism
4295:
4086:
3506:
3381:The University of Chicago Press Books.
3267:, Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 5.
2999:
2881:. Pennsylvania State University Press.
2449:' superlative imitations of banknotes,
2087:
14:
10299:
8097:
8048:Botar, Oliver A.I. Technical Detours:
8023:Augros, Robert M., Stanciu, George N.
7649:Aragon, Lorraine V. (2 January 2022).
7648:
7576:
7561:
7256:
7193:
6947:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 161.
6071:. Penn State Press. pp. 281–283.
6064:
5987:Andrea Meyer; Benedicte Savoy (2014).
5754:Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology
5479:
5379:
4167:
4136:
4119:
4051:
3602:
3321:, "The Origin of the Work of Art", in
3305:R.G. Collingwood's view, expressed in
3064:
2930:
2415:exhibit. Stieglitz used a backdrop of
1307:
10132:
9320:
8344:
8187:Kleiner, Gardner, Mamiya and Tansey.
7936:Art History Aesthetics Visual Studies
7839:
7775:
7609:from the original on 25 February 2022
7391:from the original on 21 December 2016
7296:
7289:Danto, Arthur. "Artifact and Art" in
6238:from the original on 7 September 2011
6193:
5482:"How LSD changed The Beatles forever"
5120:from the original on 20 February 2013
5107:
5059:from the original on 21 February 2013
4962:Trotter, Jeramia (15 February 2011).
4912:this is not only associated with the
4711:
4600:
4327:from the original on 17 February 2017
4206:from the original on 27 February 2017
4149:from the original on 27 February 2017
3759:from the original on 23 November 2015
3666:
3404:"Press statement on The Story of Art"
3325:, (Harper Perennial, 2001). See also
3105:from the original on 18 August 2021.
2771:. Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from
1974:Madame Pierre Gautreau (Madam X)
1448:Art for propaganda, or commercialism.
8307:(2005) Smithsonian Digital Libraries
8217:. New York: Harper & Row, 1968.
8013:. London and NY: I.B. Tauris, 2010.
7031:
6504:Roger Chapman; James Ciment (2015).
6256:Robertson, Jean and Craig McDaniel:
6136:from the original on 24 January 2020
5684:"The Importance of Art Appreciation"
5046:
4943:from the original on 18 January 2011
4740:
4568:. Cengage Learning. pp. 24–27.
4033:from the original on 21 January 2021
3590:from the original on 11 October 2014
3519:from the original on 8 February 2008
2931:Vasari, Giorgio (18 December 2007).
2879:Artworks: Definition, Meaning, Value
2763:
2761:
2098:Composition with Red Blue and Yellow
533:Riesenhirschknochen der Einhornhöhle
8333:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
8321:
8255:, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff, 1980
7991:Jean Robertson and Craig McDaniel,
7703:from the original on 25 August 2021
7483:Debates in Art and Design Education
7461:from the original on 30 August 2017
6315:. ReadHowYouWant.com. p. 182.
5632:Sherman, A.; Morrissey, C. (2017).
5310:from the original on 9 October 2019
5298:Mathema, Paavan (16 January 2013).
5089:from the original on 9 October 2019
5047:Ruhl, Ashleigh (18 February 2013).
4996:from the original on 9 October 2019
4271:The Metres of the Greeks and Romans
4143:Art History: A Preliminary Handbook
3704:Renaissance Art: A Beginner's Guide
3562:Cyranoski, David (8 October 2014).
3331:The Merleau-Ponty Aesthetics Reader
2801:from the original on 30 August 2019
2585:; that is, what it is to be human.
1294:Ritualistic and symbolic functions.
372:Within this latter sense, the word
47:Clockwise from upper left: an 1887
24:
9923:Index of painting-related articles
8050:The Early Moholy-Nagy Reconsidered
7999:
7827:from the original on 23 April 2021
7776:Matzl, Christoph (28 April 2019).
7543:from the original on 5 August 2019
7500:from the original on 5 August 2019
7449:Glancey, Jonathan (26 July 1995).
7000:from the original on 5 August 2019
6961:from the original on 5 August 2019
6922:from the original on 5 August 2019
6880:from the original on 5 August 2019
6838:from the original on 5 August 2019
6782:from the original on 5 August 2019
6754:from the original on 5 August 2019
6715:from the original on 5 August 2019
6676:from the original on 5 August 2019
6563:from the original on 5 August 2019
6524:from the original on 5 August 2019
6485:from the original on 5 August 2019
6446:from the original on 5 August 2019
6407:from the original on 5 August 2019
6368:from the original on 5 August 2019
6329:from the original on 5 August 2019
6312:A Journey into Michelangelo's Rome
6290:from the original on 5 August 2019
6175:from the original on 5 August 2019
6085:from the original on 5 August 2019
6046:from the original on 5 August 2019
6007:from the original on 5 August 2019
5968:from the original on 5 August 2019
5939:from the original on 5 August 2019
5838:from the original on 5 August 2019
5799:from the original on 5 August 2019
5532:Loughran, J. John (January 2002).
5390:The Oxford Handbook for Aesthetics
5352:from the original on 5 August 2019
5146:. 26 November 2012. Archived from
5108:Flynn, Marella (10 January 2007).
5028:from the original on 30 March 2013
4860:from the original on 5 August 2019
4808:from the original on 5 August 2019
4693:from the original on 5 August 2019
4649:from the original on 5 August 2019
4621:from the original on 17 April 2021
4582:from the original on 5 August 2019
4543:from the original on 5 August 2019
4526:The Religious Art of Pablo Picasso
4504:from the original on 5 August 2019
4465:from the original on 5 August 2019
4426:from the original on 5 August 2019
4416:Eric Newton; William Neil (1966).
4397:from the original on 5 August 2019
4107:from the original on 14 April 2021
4090:Linguistics and Semiotics in Music
3985:from the original on 5 August 2019
3933:from the original on 5 August 2019
3864:from the original on 5 August 2019
3816:from the original on 5 August 2019
3721:from the original on 5 August 2019
3650:"Earliest music instruments found"
3488:from the original on 14 April 2021
2951:from the original on 14 April 2021
2590:generative artificial intelligence
1055:
1043:Finally, the developing theory of
1017:Extreme Intentionalism holds that
25:
10333:
8259:
7738:from the original on 26 July 2020
7577:Spratt, Emily L. (3 April 2018).
7430:from the original on 21 June 2017
7175:from the original on 1 April 2017
7018:Leitch, Vincent B., et al., eds.
6216:, p. 35. Thames and Hudson, 2001.
6032:. Giunti Editore. pp. 8–11.
5506:Gilmore, Mikal (25 August 2016).
5168:. 10 January 2012. Archived from
4422:. Harper & Row. p. 184.
3545:. 13 October 2011. Archived from
3286:The Oxford Handbook of Aesthetics
3264:The Oxford Handbook of Aesthetics
3179:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
3046:from the original on 1 April 2009
2937:. Random House Publishing Group.
2910:. University of Wisconsin Press.
2787:
2758:
2608:An essential legal issue are art
2598:Music and artificial intelligence
2531:
2385:Classificatory disputes about art
2343:which originated in the works of
1396:are graphics and images that are
1062:Conceptual art and artistic skill
1025:Napoleon I on his Imperial Throne
893:Napoleon I on his Imperial Throne
9299:
8251:, translated from the Polish by
7784:from the original on 26 May 2020
7769:
7760:
7750:
7715:
7689:
7642:
7621:
7570:
7555:
7442:
7410:
7377:Ferguson, Euan (20 April 2003).
7370:
7337:
7283:
7250:
7240:. Berg Publishers, 2002. p. 12.
7230:
7187:
7153:
7127:
7109:
7097:
7085:
7060:
7025:
7012:
6824:. World Scientific. p. 74.
6818:Maria Burguete; Lui Lam (2011).
6766:
6611:
6598:
6575:
6250:
6219:
6206:
6187:
6097:
6058:
5886:
5783:
5771:from the original on 10 May 2016
5729:from the original on 28 May 2018
5711:
5702:
5676:
5625:
5582:
5499:
5480:Taysom, Joe (30 November 2021).
5473:
5253:from the original on 18 May 2020
4788:Constantine Stephanidis (2011).
3905:from the original on 27 May 2018
3458:from the original on 6 June 2015
2688:
2674:
2279:"Linguistic turn" and its debate
1853:
1617:
1010:—while others prefer terms like
883:Forms, genres, media, and styles
575:, Lascaux, France, c. 17,000 BCE
55:; a female ancestor figure by a
10158:
8311:Visual Arts Data Service (VADS)
8163:. London: Koening Books, 2012.
8145:. London: Phaidon Press, 1995.
8085:Women Artists at the Millennium
8066:. World Scientific: Singapore.
7860:
5824:. Rookwood Press. p. 148.
5638:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
5591:Review of Research in Education
5453:
5364:
5338:. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
5291:
5265:
5232:
5202:
5176:
5154:
5132:
5101:
5071:
5040:
5008:
4978:
4955:
4902:
4872:
4846:. US: IGI Global. p. 976.
4820:
4768:
4763:Critique of Aesthetic Judgement
4755:
4734:
4722:from the original on 8 May 2008
4705:
4633:
4594:
4381:
4339:
4310:
4289:
4261:
4161:
4080:
4045:
4019:
4009:
3997:
3945:
3917:
3885:
3876:
3828:
3780:
3771:
3733:
3685:
3676:
3642:
3628:
3555:
3531:
3500:
3470:
3418:
3395:
3368:
3344:
3312:
3299:
3277:
3230:
3217:
3208:
3169:
3156:
3143:
3130:
3121:
3112:
3065:Elkins, James (December 1995).
3058:
2797:. Merriam-Websters Dictionary.
1845:, later copied all over Europe.
1784:in Madrid was built before the
1751:mostly housed in a wing of the
1596:
828:exerting a powerful influence.
8370:
7799:
6944:Key Terms in Philosophy of Art
6701:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
6549:. A&C Black. p. 210.
6226:Fineman, Mia (21 March 2007).
5961:The Select Circulating Library
5216:. 4 March 2008. Archived from
4676:The Value of Arts for Business
4487:Pablo Picasso: A Modern Master
4227:"Intentionalism in Aesthetics"
3926:The New York Times Book Review
3507:Radford, Tim (16 April 2004).
2993:
2963:
2924:
2895:
2870:
2843:
2813:
2603:
2413:Society of Independent Artists
1806:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1733:Public buildings and monuments
1543:Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji
1489:
1281:Expression of the imagination.
13:
1:
7667:10.1080/00664677.2022.2042793
7529:. Routledge. pp. 38–39.
7366:– via encyclopedia.com.
7238:Contemporary Art and the Home
7137:, December 1999, pp. 610–629.
7104:Introduction to Structuralism
6110:Empirical Studies of the Arts
5894:"550 Jahre Universität Basel"
5792:Ancient Coins as Works of Art
5239:Donnelly, Greg (3 May 2012).
4490:. New Line Books. p. 7.
3850:. A&C Black. p. 76.
2825:Lexico Dictionaries | English
2752:
2517:, who describe themselves as
2307:created a work of art titled
2220:school and debate concerning
1951:
1872:
1270:Experience of the mysterious.
1210:
1139:
900:(French, 1806), oil on canvas
861:The Origin of the Work of Art
722:
275:Over time, philosophers like
66:
9862:Museum collection management
9785:Art history (academic study)
9664:alternative exhibition space
9211:Aestheticization of politics
7844:. Laurence King Publishing.
6309:Angela K. Nickerson (2010).
5541:Journal of Teacher Education
4225:Livingston, Paisley (1998).
3614:UNESCO World Heritage Centre
3430:Nature News 4 September 2003
2856:. Cornell University Press.
2335:. The fact that language is
2299:and the ensuing movement of
1028:is partly borrowed from the
7:
10023:Colossal sculptures in situ
9727:Artist-in-residence program
8128:. London: Pan Books, 1978.
7981:. London: Blackwell, 2003.
7977:and Margaret Iversen, eds.
7807:Fortenberry, Diane (2017).
7418:"Stuck on the Turner Prize"
7169:The New York Times Magazine
7092:Philosophy for Architecture
6980:Darren Hudson Hick (2017).
6695:David Kenneth Holt (2001).
6656:Jonathan P. Harris (2005).
6543:Brian Arthur Brown (2008).
5818:George Hugo Tucker (2000).
5553:10.1177/0022487102053001004
4919:Maurizio Bolognini (2008).
4712:Aristotle. " The Poetics".
4419:2000 Years of Christian Art
4390:The Illustrated London News
3339:Bearing Witness to Epiphany
2667:
2594:artificial intelligence art
2053:or truth to nature and the
1771:, established in 1753. The
1533:The Great Wave off Kanagawa
1522:
1455:Art as a fitness indicator.
476:institutional theory of art
433:for their own sake, and as
219:
169:". Until the 17th century,
10:
10338:
10033:Contemporary art galleries
9928:Outline of the visual arts
8234:. New York: Viking, 2012.
7264:Encyclopedia of Aesthetics
7261:. In Michael Kelly (ed.).
7082:Gaut and Livingston, p. 6.
6510:. Routledge. p. 594.
6468:John Sargent: 121 Drawings
6426:Claude J. Summers (2004).
6065:Berger, Robert W. (1999).
5993:. De Gruyter. p. 66.
5964:. A. Waldie. p. 367.
5392:. Oxford University Press.
4346:Breskin, Vladimir (2010).
4137:Belton, Robert J. (1996).
4093:. Routledge. p. 202.
3799:The Arts of China 900–1620
3176:Languages, Oxford (2007).
2902:Noël Carroll, ed. (2000).
2740:Outline of the visual arts
2600:has taken a similar path.
2592:, especially in regard to
2503:Situationist International
2382:
2163:critiquing popular culture
2042:
1628:Metropolitan Museum of Art
1232:. Spain, late 10th century
1196:
1059:
903:
728:. 24.8 Ă— 25.2 cm
637:The stylized signature of
496:
492:
399:Metropolitan Museum of Art
29:
10281:
10166:
10103:
9963:
9832:
9770:
9634:
9559:
9358:
9279:
9203:
9052:
8825:
8532:
8444:
8378:
8298:In-depth directory of art
8280:Resources in your library
7874:Katharine Everett Gilbert
7486:. Routledge. p. 97.
6986:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
5708:Gilbert, Kuhn pp. 161–165
5603:10.3102/0091732X024001249
4673:Giovanni Schiuma (2011).
4189:10.1007/s11406-014-9575-1
4087:Monelle, Raymond (1992).
3834:Gombrich, p. 155, p. 530.
3802:. Yale University Press.
3707:. Oneworld Publications.
3576:10.1038/nature.2014.16100
3452:Reed Business Information
3402:Gombrich, Ernst. (2005).
3323:Poetry, Language, Thought
3214:Gilbert, Kuhn pp. 287–326
2637:Blue Shield International
2063:J. M. W. Turner
2038:
1767:were made from it to the
1442:Diagnostic Drawing Series
1030:Statue of Zeus at Olympia
301:(265a–c), and yet in the
10087:Most expensive paintings
9874:Conservation-restoration
9676:Contemporary art gallery
7094:, Branco Mitrovic, 2012.
6941:Tiger C. Roholt (2013).
6276:. Taylor & Francis.
6155:Michael Findlay (2012).
6122:10.1177/0276237418822896
5795:. Museum Haaretz. 1960.
5651:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00411
5463:. Universe Books, 1979.
5428:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02266
5114:Flagler College Gargoyle
4562:Fred S. Kleiner (2009).
4054:The Philosophical Review
2746:Visual impairment in art
2403:, 1917, photographed by
1481:
966:. Form may also include
662:Great Mosque of Kairouan
161:and other media such as
10095:works by living artists
9857:Classificatory disputes
9231:Evolutionary aesthetics
9181:The Aesthetic Dimension
8324:"The Definition of Art"
8114:Encyclopædia Britannica
7934:and Keith Moxey (eds.)
7566:. Taylor & Francis.
7562:Graham, Gordon (2005).
6471:. Osmora Incorporated.
5415:Frontiers in Psychology
4882:Manifesto of Surrealism
4484:Richard Leslie (2005).
3796:William Watson (1995).
3329:, "CĂ©zanne's Doubt" in
3127:Gilbert, Kuhn pp. 40–72
3118:Gilbert, Kuhn pp. 73–96
3040:Encyclopædia Britannica
3000:Kennick, W. E. (1979).
2877:Robert Stecker (1997).
2850:Stephen Davies (1991).
2379:Classification disputes
2237:The Intentional Fallacy
2222:the intentional fallacy
1964:Le DĂ©jeuner sur l'Herbe
1929:through nudity and the
1709:, the Museum of Art in
1667:to a very wide market.
1459:evolutionary psychology
1245:Non-motivated functions
970:, such as arrangement,
356:as an abbreviation for
344:poetry and music to be
10312:Concepts in aesthetics
10286:List of artistic media
9161:Avant-Garde and Kitsch
9111:Lectures on Aesthetics
8245:Władysław Tatarkiewicz
8064:Arts: A Science Matter
7878:A History of Esthetics
7842:The Short Story of Art
7257:Dutton, Denis (1998).
6821:Arts: A Science Matter
6802:Duchamp Two Statements
6734:Gerd GemĂĽnden (1998).
6622:Differencing the Canon
6387:John C. Stout (2018).
6270:Maureen McCue (2016).
3454:Ltd. 3 December 2014.
2730:List of art techniques
2545:
2424:
2341:philosophy of language
2303:. In 1981, the artist
2128:
2106:
2005:(1937) used arresting
1992:
1933:-like pose of Christ.
1895:depictions of Muhammad
1878:
1846:
1714:
1639:
1546:
1511:
1408:Art for social causes.
1370:
1356:Abstract Expressionism
1352:Russian constructivism
1326:
1303:
1290:
1277:
1266:
1233:
1216:
1151:
1084:
901:
816:and to some extent by
729:
666:
653:
576:
518:
509:
401:
327:suggests that Homer's
272:
107:, emotional power, or
87:is a diverse range of
81:
34:. For other uses, see
9732:Artist-run initiative
9619:Visual arts education
9306:Philosophy portal
7926:Grasping for the Wind
7919:Theories of Art Today
7840:Hodge, Susie (2017).
7655:Anthropological Forum
7451:"Is advertising art?"
7066:Gaut and Livingston,
6581:"go to nature in all
6465:Narim Bender (2014).
6026:Gloria Fossi (1999).
4744:The World as I See It
4296:Tolstoy, Leo (1899).
4243:10.1353/nlh.1998.0042
4139:"The Elements of Art"
4029:. 26 September 2016.
3786:Gombrich, pp. 634–635
3777:Gombrich, pp. 127–128
3673:, pp. 1 & 2.
3327:Maurice Merleau-Ponty
3307:The Principles of Art
3225:The Boundaries of Art
2906:Theories of Art Today
2658:living human treasure
2539:
2511:Young British Artists
2392:
2297:Ferdinand de Saussure
2248:The Affective Fallacy
2136:T. J. Clark
2123:
2095:
2009:techniques and stark
1995:In the 20th century,
1983:
1861:
1834:
1717:In 1661, the city of
1705:
1661:Ancient Roman pottery
1625:
1575:stated drugs such as
1530:
1497:
1365:
1322:
1298:
1285:
1273:
1261:
1222:
1204:
1127:
1069:
1036:, and the content is
890:
716:
659:
636:
628:graphical perspective
571:
542:, rock paintings and
506:
396:
267:20th-century bottle,
266:
46:
10028:Contemporary artists
9891:Destination painting
9688:Single-artist museum
9577:Conservator-restorer
9251:Philosophy of design
9131:In Praise of Shadows
9121:The Critic as Artist
8253:Christopher Kasparek
7910:Evelyn Hatcher, ed.
7325:on 10 September 2009
7315:"Glossary: Anti-art"
7163:(14 December 2003).
7148:Duchamp: A Biography
7034:New Literary History
6662:. Psychology Press.
5958:Adam Waldie (1839).
5919:Győző Vörös (2007).
5900:on 24 September 2017
4974:on 22 February 2011.
4601:White, Luke (2013).
4376:on 1 September 2011.
4231:New Literary History
3951:Adorno, Theodor W.,
3844:Colin Moore (2010).
3701:Tom Nichols (2012).
3408:The Gombrich Archive
2349:Wilhelm von Humboldt
2207:, and farming, etc.
2088:Arrival of Modernism
1912:Crucifixion of Jesus
1810:John Taylor Johnston
1742:Palace of Versailles
1643:wealthy in society.
1517:Artistic inspiration
1374:Art as a "free zone"
1330:Art as entertainment
1072:The Creation of Adam
849:postmodern criticism
734:Age of Enlightenment
717:Chinese painting by
521:A shell engraved by
59:artist; detail from
36:Art (disambiguation)
10018:Art reference books
9812:History of painting
9396:Fine-art photograph
9261:Philosophy of music
9236:Mathematical beauty
8126:Man and His Symbols
8081:Catherine de Zegher
7901:Catherine de Zegher
7521:Richard W. Mansbach
7426:. 27 October 2000.
7122:John Locke lectures
7068:The Creation of Art
6583:singleness of heart
5570:on 15 December 2017
5166:WWMT, Newschannel 3
5144:WDTN Channel 2 News
5083:The Palm Beach Post
4378:pp. 1–2.
4302:. Crowell. p.
3745:. MIT Press. 1983.
3239:Art and its objects
2775:on 1 September 2016
2735:Mathematics and art
2705:Artist-in-residence
2345:Johann Georg Hamann
2246:In another essay, "
2082:Relativist position
1969:John Singer Sargent
1908:Swoon of the Virgin
1564:The Black Paintings
1392:and other types of
1342:that had this goal—
1308:Motivated functions
1115:John Singer Sargent
677:led to emphasis on
650:Islamic calligraphy
563:World Heritage Site
555:Venus of Hohle Fels
340:, tragedy, comedy,
10113:Visual arts portal
10043:National galleries
9896:Eclecticism in art
9851:Catalogue raisonné
9722:Artist cooperative
9256:Philosophy of film
9246:Patterns in nature
9216:Applied aesthetics
9191:Why Beauty Matters
8977:Life imitating art
8838:Art for art's sake
8005:Antony Briant and
7905:Inside the Visible
7885:Definitions of Art
7519:Yale H. Ferguson;
6161:. Prestel Verlag.
5749:Barbara Ann Kipfer
5279:on 22 January 2013
5172:on 6 October 2012.
4910:Maurizio Bolognini
4774:Silvia Tomaskova,
4741:Einstein, Albert,
4642:La Belle Assemblée
4257:on 31 August 2017.
3955:, (1970 in German)
3551:on 1 January 2022.
3543:The New York Times
3513:Guardian Unlimited
3414:on 6 October 2008.
3283:Jerrold Levinson,
3261:Jerrold Levinson,
3236:Richard Wollheim,
2981:on 11 January 2008
2853:Definitions of Art
2696:Visual arts portal
2546:
2509:movement, and the
2487:and attributed to
2425:
2241:author's intention
2229:William K. Wimsatt
2107:
2105:(Dutch, 1872–1944)
2011:monochromatic oils
1993:
1947:Raft of the Medusa
1942:Théodore Géricault
1879:
1868:Raft of the Medusa
1863:Théodore Géricault
1847:
1749:Orleans Collection
1715:
1640:
1547:
1512:
1471:handicap principle
1234:
1217:
1152:
1085:
1045:post-structuralism
1014:and significance.
902:
873:Greco Buddhist art
810:African sculptures
758:artistic movements
738:clockwork universe
730:
708:Woodblock printing
679:geometric patterns
667:
654:
577:
519:
402:
273:
91:and its resulting
82:
76:; and an Okinawan
62:The Birth of Venus
10294:
10293:
10268:Site-specific art
10126:
10125:
9717:Artist collective
9531:Site-specific art
9381:Cultural artifact
9314:
9313:
9266:Psychology of art
9141:Art as Experience
8322:Adajian, Thomas.
8266:Library resources
8191:Wadsworth, 2004.
8155:Florian Dombois,
8072:978-981-4324-93-9
7960:978-0-226-75342-3
7932:Michael Ann Holly
7907:. MIT Press, 1996
7876:and Helmut Kuhn,
7851:978-1-78067-968-6
7820:978-0-7148-7502-6
7734:. 12 April 2019.
7536:978-1-135-98149-5
7493:978-0-415-61887-8
6993:978-1-350-00691-1
6954:978-1-4411-3246-8
6915:978-0-7190-4987-3
6873:978-0-19-929133-5
6831:978-981-4324-93-9
6747:978-0-472-08560-6
6708:978-0-89789-773-0
6669:978-0-415-32429-8
6556:978-0-8264-2996-4
6517:978-1-317-47351-0
6478:978-2-7659-0006-1
6439:978-1-57344-191-9
6400:978-1-4875-0157-0
6361:978-0-88629-269-0
6322:978-1-4587-8547-3
6283:978-1-317-17148-5
6168:978-3-641-08342-7
6078:978-0-271-04434-7
6039:978-88-09-01487-9
6000:978-3-11-029882-6
5932:978-963-662-084-4
5879:978-0-520-20714-1
5831:978-1-886365-20-9
5764:978-0-306-46158-3
5688:Educationworld.in
5345:978-1-85302-799-4
4936:978-88-430-4739-0
4929:. Rome: Carocci.
4853:978-1-4666-6115-8
4801:978-3-642-22094-4
4686:978-1-139-49665-0
4575:978-0-495-57364-7
4536:978-0-520-27629-1
4497:978-1-59764-094-7
4458:978-0-9636180-4-7
3978:978-1-947697-31-7
3965:Sangeeta (2017).
3898:. pp. 1–45.
3857:978-1-4081-0591-7
3809:978-0-300-09835-8
3714:978-1-78074-178-9
3484:. 11 March 2015.
3391:978-0-226-75342-3
3189:978-0-19-920687-2
3013:978-0-312-05391-8
2917:978-0-299-16354-9
2888:978-0-271-01596-5
2863:978-0-8014-9794-0
2769:"Art: definition"
2725:List of art media
2650:cultural identity
2642:Karl von Habsburg
2301:poststructuralism
2261:As summarized by
2165:, as well as the
2119:Clement Greenberg
2019:Interrogation III
1910:in scenes of the
1786:French Revolution
1765:Old Royal Library
1727:Kunstmuseum Basel
1707:Kunstmuseum Basel
1686:began with small
1673:Ancient Near East
1665:Tanagra figurines
1601:The last step is
1569:Francisco de Goya
1504:The Gates of Hell
1467:Fisherian runaway
1416:human trafficking
1130:Leonardo da Vinci
1107:Leonardo da Vinci
1079:'s fresco in the
968:Design principles
836:Theodor W. Adorno
812:were taken up by
548:Upper Paleolithic
451:R. G. Collingwood
163:interactive media
74:Sandro Botticelli
16:(Redirected from
10329:
10153:
10146:
10139:
10130:
10129:
10082:Stolen paintings
9950:Sociology of art
9901:Economics of art
9752:Sculpture garden
9737:Artist-run space
9536:Social sculpture
9406:Installation art
9341:
9334:
9327:
9318:
9317:
9304:
9303:
9302:
9196:
9186:
9176:
9166:
9156:
9146:
9136:
9126:
9116:
9106:
9096:
9086:
9076:
9066:
8365:
8358:
8351:
8342:
8341:
8337:
8328:Zalta, Edward N.
8211:Richard Wollheim
8143:The Story of Art
8118:
8106:
8007:Griselda Pollock
7924:John Whitehead.
7883:Stephen Davies,
7855:
7836:
7834:
7832:
7794:
7793:
7791:
7789:
7773:
7767:
7764:
7758:
7754:
7748:
7747:
7745:
7743:
7728:
7722:
7719:
7713:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7646:
7640:
7639:
7637:
7625:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7614:
7583:XRDS: Crossroads
7574:
7568:
7567:
7559:
7553:
7552:
7550:
7548:
7516:
7510:
7509:
7507:
7505:
7477:
7471:
7470:
7468:
7466:
7446:
7440:
7439:
7437:
7435:
7414:
7408:
7400:
7398:
7396:
7374:
7368:
7367:
7365:
7363:
7354:. Archived from
7341:
7335:
7334:
7332:
7330:
7321:. Archived from
7311:
7294:
7287:
7281:
7280:
7278:
7276:
7254:
7248:
7236:Painter, Colin.
7234:
7228:
7227:
7191:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7157:
7151:
7144:
7138:
7131:
7125:
7113:
7107:
7101:
7095:
7089:
7083:
7080:
7071:
7064:
7058:
7057:
7029:
7023:
7016:
7010:
7009:
7007:
7005:
6977:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6966:
6938:
6932:
6931:
6929:
6927:
6900:Claire Colebrook
6896:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6854:
6848:
6847:
6845:
6843:
6815:
6809:
6803:
6798:
6792:
6791:
6789:
6787:
6770:
6764:
6763:
6761:
6759:
6731:
6725:
6724:
6722:
6720:
6692:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6653:
6647:
6641:
6632:
6618:Griselda Pollock
6615:
6609:
6602:
6596:
6579:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6568:
6540:
6534:
6533:
6531:
6529:
6501:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6490:
6462:
6456:
6455:
6453:
6451:
6423:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6373:
6345:
6339:
6338:
6336:
6334:
6306:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6295:
6267:
6261:
6254:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6223:
6217:
6210:
6204:
6203:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6180:
6158:The Value of Art
6152:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6141:
6101:
6095:
6094:
6092:
6090:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5975:
5973:
5955:
5949:
5948:
5946:
5944:
5916:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5905:
5896:. Archived from
5890:
5884:
5883:
5867:
5858:Antony Griffiths
5854:
5848:
5847:
5845:
5843:
5815:
5809:
5808:
5806:
5804:
5787:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5745:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5734:
5715:
5709:
5706:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5695:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5663:
5653:
5629:
5623:
5622:
5586:
5580:
5579:
5577:
5575:
5569:
5563:. Archived from
5538:
5529:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5518:
5503:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5492:
5486:Far Out Magazine
5477:
5471:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5440:
5430:
5406:
5393:
5383:
5377:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5357:
5326:
5320:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5295:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5258:
5236:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5225:
5214:SMU News Release
5206:
5200:
5199:
5197:
5195:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5150:on 30 June 2013.
5136:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5125:
5105:
5099:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5064:
5044:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5033:
5027:
5020:
5012:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4992:. 4 April 2012.
4990:Daily News-Miner
4982:
4976:
4975:
4970:. Archived from
4959:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4886:. Archived from
4876:
4870:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4837:
4831:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4785:
4779:
4772:
4766:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4747:, archived from
4738:
4732:
4731:
4729:
4727:
4709:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4670:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4637:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4598:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4559:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4548:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4472:
4470:
4442:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4385:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4369:. Archived from
4352:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4314:
4308:
4307:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4282:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4253:. Archived from
4222:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4174:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4134:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4112:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4038:
4023:
4017:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3971:. Notion Press.
3962:
3956:
3953:Aesthetic Theory
3949:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3904:
3897:
3889:
3883:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3841:
3835:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3793:
3787:
3784:
3778:
3775:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3698:
3692:
3689:
3683:
3680:
3674:
3671:Fortenberry 2017
3664:
3658:
3657:
3646:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3621:
3606:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3438:
3432:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3410:. Archived from
3399:
3393:
3372:
3366:
3348:
3342:
3319:Martin Heidegger
3316:
3310:
3303:
3297:
3281:
3275:
3259:
3250:
3234:
3228:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3204:on 3 March 2022.
3200:. Archived from
3173:
3167:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3071:The Art Bulletin
3062:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3032:
3026:
3025:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2909:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2831:on 14 April 2021
2827:. Archived from
2817:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2765:
2715:Cultural tourism
2710:Artistic freedom
2698:
2693:
2692:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2495:. One of these,
2405:Alfred Stieglitz
2309:The Innocent Eye
2272:Richard Wollheim
2233:Monroe Beardsley
2148:Griselda Pollock
2070:Richard Wollheim
1956:
1953:
1877:
1874:
1761:Royal Collection
1737:Egyptian temples
1603:art appreciation
1381:experimentation.
1378:contemporary art
1215:
1212:
1144:
1141:
1019:authorial intent
845:contemporary art
727:
724:
673:'s rejection of
514:
468:Martin Heidegger
426:Richard Wollheim
309:wants to outlaw
230:contemporary art
204:. The resulting
71:
68:
53:Vincent van Gogh
21:
10337:
10336:
10332:
10331:
10330:
10328:
10327:
10326:
10297:
10296:
10295:
10290:
10277:
10208:Decorative arts
10162:
10157:
10127:
10122:
10108:Painting portal
10099:
10006:sculpture parks
9959:
9918:Elements of art
9886:Cultural policy
9828:
9780:Timeline of art
9766:
9757:Sculpture trail
9636:
9630:
9555:
9472:Performance art
9354:
9345:
9315:
9310:
9300:
9298:
9275:
9199:
9194:
9184:
9174:
9171:Critical Essays
9164:
9154:
9144:
9134:
9124:
9114:
9104:
9094:
9084:
9074:
9064:
9048:
8821:
8735:Ortega y Gasset
8528:
8440:
8374:
8369:
8286:
8285:
8284:
8274:
8273:
8269:
8262:
8174:Kristine Stiles
8077:Carol Armstrong
8039:Benedetto Croce
8002:
8000:Further reading
7979:Art and Thought
7948:Shiner, Larry.
7863:
7858:
7852:
7830:
7828:
7821:
7802:
7797:
7787:
7785:
7774:
7770:
7765:
7761:
7755:
7751:
7741:
7739:
7730:
7729:
7725:
7720:
7716:
7706:
7704:
7695:
7694:
7690:
7647:
7643:
7626:
7622:
7612:
7610:
7595:10.1145/3186697
7575:
7571:
7560:
7556:
7546:
7544:
7537:
7517:
7513:
7503:
7501:
7494:
7478:
7474:
7464:
7462:
7455:The Independent
7447:
7443:
7433:
7431:
7416:
7415:
7411:
7394:
7392:
7384:TheGuardian.com
7375:
7371:
7361:
7359:
7342:
7338:
7328:
7326:
7313:
7312:
7297:
7288:
7284:
7274:
7272:
7255:
7251:
7235:
7231:
7192:
7188:
7178:
7176:
7161:Deborah Solomon
7158:
7154:
7145:
7141:
7132:
7128:
7114:
7110:
7102:
7098:
7090:
7086:
7081:
7074:
7065:
7061:
7030:
7026:
7017:
7013:
7003:
7001:
6994:
6978:
6974:
6964:
6962:
6955:
6939:
6935:
6925:
6923:
6916:
6897:
6893:
6883:
6881:
6874:
6855:
6851:
6841:
6839:
6832:
6816:
6812:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6785:
6783:
6772:
6771:
6767:
6757:
6755:
6748:
6732:
6728:
6718:
6716:
6709:
6693:
6689:
6679:
6677:
6670:
6654:
6650:
6642:
6635:
6616:
6612:
6604:Wollheim 1980,
6603:
6599:
6592:Modern Painters
6580:
6576:
6566:
6564:
6557:
6541:
6537:
6527:
6525:
6518:
6502:
6498:
6488:
6486:
6479:
6463:
6459:
6449:
6447:
6440:
6432:. Cleis Press.
6424:
6420:
6410:
6408:
6401:
6385:
6381:
6371:
6369:
6362:
6346:
6342:
6332:
6330:
6323:
6307:
6303:
6293:
6291:
6284:
6268:
6264:
6255:
6251:
6241:
6239:
6224:
6220:
6212:Rorimer, Anne:
6211:
6207:
6192:
6188:
6178:
6176:
6169:
6153:
6149:
6139:
6137:
6102:
6098:
6088:
6086:
6079:
6063:
6059:
6049:
6047:
6040:
6024:
6020:
6010:
6008:
6001:
5985:
5981:
5971:
5969:
5956:
5952:
5942:
5940:
5933:
5917:
5913:
5903:
5901:
5892:
5891:
5887:
5880:
5855:
5851:
5841:
5839:
5832:
5816:
5812:
5802:
5800:
5789:
5788:
5784:
5774:
5772:
5765:
5746:
5742:
5732:
5730:
5717:
5716:
5712:
5707:
5703:
5693:
5691:
5682:
5681:
5677:
5630:
5626:
5587:
5583:
5573:
5571:
5567:
5536:
5530:
5526:
5516:
5514:
5504:
5500:
5490:
5488:
5478:
5474:
5459:* Licht, Fred.
5458:
5454:
5407:
5396:
5384:
5380:
5369:
5365:
5355:
5353:
5346:
5327:
5323:
5313:
5311:
5296:
5292:
5282:
5280:
5271:
5270:
5266:
5256:
5254:
5237:
5233:
5223:
5221:
5220:on 3 April 2013
5208:
5207:
5203:
5193:
5191:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5138:
5137:
5133:
5123:
5121:
5106:
5102:
5092:
5090:
5077:
5076:
5072:
5062:
5060:
5045:
5041:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5018:
5014:
5013:
5009:
4999:
4997:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4960:
4956:
4946:
4944:
4937:
4907:
4903:
4893:
4891:
4880:"André Breton,
4878:
4877:
4873:
4863:
4861:
4854:
4838:
4834:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4802:
4786:
4782:
4773:
4769:
4761:Immanuel Kant,
4760:
4756:
4739:
4735:
4725:
4723:
4710:
4706:
4696:
4694:
4687:
4671:
4662:
4652:
4650:
4639:
4638:
4634:
4624:
4622:
4615:
4599:
4595:
4585:
4583:
4576:
4560:
4556:
4546:
4544:
4537:
4521:
4517:
4507:
4505:
4498:
4482:
4478:
4468:
4466:
4459:
4443:
4439:
4429:
4427:
4414:
4410:
4400:
4398:
4387:
4386:
4382:
4373:
4350:
4344:
4340:
4330:
4328:
4315:
4311:
4294:
4290:
4280:
4278:
4266:
4262:
4223:
4219:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4172:
4166:
4162:
4152:
4150:
4135:
4120:
4110:
4108:
4101:
4085:
4081:
4066:10.2307/2183933
4050:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4010:
4002:
3998:
3988:
3986:
3979:
3963:
3959:
3950:
3946:
3936:
3934:
3923:
3922:
3918:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3877:
3867:
3865:
3858:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3829:
3819:
3817:
3810:
3794:
3790:
3785:
3781:
3776:
3772:
3762:
3760:
3753:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3724:
3722:
3715:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3665:
3661:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3617:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3593:
3591:
3560:
3556:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3505:
3501:
3491:
3489:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3461:
3459:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3423:
3419:
3400:
3396:
3373:
3369:
3350:W. E. Kennick,
3349:
3345:
3317:
3313:
3304:
3300:
3282:
3278:
3260:
3253:
3235:
3231:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3190:
3174:
3170:
3161:
3157:
3148:
3144:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3113:
3083:10.2307/3046136
3063:
3059:
3049:
3047:
3034:
3033:
3029:
3014:
2998:
2994:
2984:
2982:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2954:
2952:
2945:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2875:
2871:
2864:
2848:
2844:
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2793:
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2767:
2766:
2759:
2755:
2750:
2694:
2687:
2682:The arts portal
2680:
2673:
2670:
2606:
2583:human condition
2534:
2526:decorative arts
2421:Marsden Hartley
2411:after the 1917
2387:
2381:
2329:Jacques Derrida
2325:Michel Foucault
2285:linguistic turn
2281:
2252:reader-response
2213:
2140:Rosalind Krauss
2109:The arrival of
2090:
2047:
2041:
1984:Performance by
1954:
1875:
1856:
1794:Musée du Louvre
1620:
1599:
1591:Trial and error
1561:. For example,
1536:, the first in
1525:
1492:
1484:
1310:
1247:
1213:
1199:
1142:
1064:
1058:
1056:Skill and craft
924:elements of art
908:
885:
725:
721:artist Ma Lin,
691:terracotta army
648:was written in
623:Renaissance art
617:Catholic Europe
501:
495:
487:Romantic period
474:has offered an
447:Benedetto Croce
431:formal elements
323:. The dialogue
226:prehistoric art
222:
147:performing arts
69:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10335:
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10101:
10100:
10098:
10097:
10084:
10079:
10078:
10077:
10067:
10062:
10061:
10060:
10058:by nationality
10055:
10045:
10040:
10038:Modern artists
10035:
10030:
10025:
10020:
10015:
10014:
10013:
10008:
10003:
9998:
9988:
9983:
9981:Art techniques
9978:
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9913:
9908:
9898:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9882:
9881:
9871:
9870:
9869:
9867:deaccessioning
9859:
9854:
9847:
9842:
9836:
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9830:
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9821:
9820:
9819:
9809:
9808:
9807:
9797:
9792:
9787:
9782:
9776:
9774:
9772:History of art
9768:
9767:
9765:
9764:
9762:Virtual museum
9759:
9754:
9749:
9744:
9739:
9734:
9729:
9724:
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9709:
9704:
9703:
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9692:
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9690:
9680:
9679:
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9666:
9659:Art exhibition
9656:
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9584:
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9557:
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9541:Soft sculpture
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9408:
9403:
9398:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9378:
9376:Conceptual art
9373:
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9274:
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9268:
9263:
9258:
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9243:
9241:Neuroesthetics
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9221:Arts criticism
9218:
9213:
9207:
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9200:
9198:
9197:
9187:
9177:
9167:
9157:
9147:
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9117:
9107:
9097:
9091:On the Sublime
9087:
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9011:
9004:
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8957:
8955:Interpretation
8952:
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8927:
8922:
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8907:
8902:
8897:
8892:
8887:
8882:
8877:
8872:
8871:
8870:
8865:
8855:
8850:
8848:Artistic merit
8845:
8840:
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8807:
8802:
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8509:
8504:
8499:
8497:Psychoanalysis
8494:
8489:
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8469:
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8441:
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8398:
8393:
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8375:
8368:
8367:
8360:
8353:
8345:
8339:
8338:
8319:
8314:
8308:
8300:
8295:
8283:
8282:
8276:
8275:
8264:
8263:
8261:
8260:External links
8258:
8257:
8256:
8242:
8240:978-0670920495
8225:
8208:
8185:
8171:
8169:978-3863351182
8157:Ute Meta Bauer
8153:
8151:978-0714832470
8136:
8119:
8109:Chisholm, Hugh
8099:Colvin, Sidney
8095:
8074:
8060:
8058:978-1599713571
8046:
8036:
8021:
8019:978-1441676313
8001:
7998:
7997:
7996:
7989:
7972:
7962:
7946:
7929:
7922:
7917:Noel Carroll,
7915:
7908:
7898:
7895:But is it Art?
7888:
7881:
7871:
7862:
7859:
7857:
7856:
7850:
7837:
7819:
7810:The Art Museum
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7795:
7768:
7759:
7749:
7723:
7714:
7688:
7641:
7620:
7569:
7554:
7535:
7511:
7492:
7472:
7441:
7409:
7369:
7358:on 13 May 2011
7336:
7295:
7282:
7271:on 17 May 2020
7249:
7229:
7208:10.2307/431087
7202:(2): 153–163.
7186:
7152:
7139:
7126:
7108:
7096:
7084:
7072:
7059:
7046:10.2307/468593
7040:(1): 123–162.
7024:
7011:
6992:
6972:
6953:
6933:
6914:
6891:
6872:
6858:Patricia Waugh
6849:
6830:
6810:
6793:
6775:The New Yorker
6765:
6746:
6726:
6707:
6687:
6668:
6648:
6633:
6610:
6608:. pp. 231–239.
6597:
6574:
6555:
6535:
6516:
6496:
6477:
6457:
6438:
6418:
6399:
6379:
6360:
6340:
6321:
6301:
6282:
6262:
6249:
6218:
6205:
6186:
6167:
6147:
6116:(2): 138–152.
6096:
6077:
6057:
6038:
6018:
5999:
5979:
5950:
5931:
5911:
5885:
5878:
5849:
5830:
5810:
5782:
5763:
5740:
5710:
5701:
5675:
5624:
5597:(1): 249–305.
5581:
5524:
5498:
5472:
5452:
5394:
5378:
5371:Roland Barthes
5363:
5344:
5321:
5290:
5264:
5231:
5201:
5190:on 3 July 2013
5175:
5153:
5131:
5100:
5070:
5039:
5007:
4977:
4954:
4935:
4901:
4890:on 25 May 2020
4871:
4852:
4832:
4826:Steve Mithen.
4819:
4800:
4780:
4767:
4754:
4751:on 8 June 2008
4733:
4704:
4685:
4660:
4632:
4614:978-1849763875
4613:
4593:
4574:
4554:
4535:
4515:
4496:
4476:
4457:
4437:
4408:
4380:
4338:
4309:
4288:
4260:
4217:
4160:
4118:
4100:978-3718652099
4099:
4079:
4044:
4018:
4008:
3996:
3977:
3957:
3944:
3916:
3884:
3875:
3856:
3836:
3827:
3808:
3788:
3779:
3770:
3752:978-0262081368
3751:
3732:
3713:
3693:
3684:
3675:
3669:, p. 12;
3659:
3656:. 24 May 2012.
3641:
3627:
3601:
3554:
3530:
3499:
3469:
3433:
3417:
3394:
3367:
3343:
3311:
3298:
3276:
3251:
3229:
3223:David Novitz,
3216:
3207:
3188:
3168:
3155:
3142:
3129:
3120:
3111:
3077:(4): 553–571.
3057:
3027:
3012:
2992:
2962:
2944:978-0307432391
2943:
2923:
2916:
2894:
2887:
2869:
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2707:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2685:
2669:
2666:
2605:
2602:
2560:Francisco Goya
2533:
2532:Value judgment
2530:
2489:Marcel Duchamp
2451:conceptual art
2447:J. S. G. Boggs
2445:, the movies,
2401:Marcel Duchamp
2383:Main article:
2380:
2377:
2357:Nelson Goodman
2353:Ernst Gombrich
2338:
2321:Julia Kristeva
2280:
2277:
2212:
2209:
2089:
2086:
2043:Main article:
2040:
2037:
2023:Andres Serrano
1855:
1852:
1842:cour d'honneur
1826:conceptual art
1769:British Museum
1697:Popular prints
1669:Cylinder seals
1619:
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1598:
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1491:
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1480:
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1371:
1333:
1327:
1318:Communication.
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1291:
1278:
1267:
1246:
1243:
1198:
1195:
1193:works of art.
1160:Marcel Duchamp
1081:Sistine Chapel
1075:, detail from
1057:
1054:
994:, and rhythm.
922:refers to the
904:Main article:
884:
881:
826:Post-Modernism
776:among others.
646:Ottoman Empire
573:Cave paintings
540:cave paintings
499:History of art
497:Main article:
494:
491:
439:representation
407:commercial art
369:works of art.
221:
218:
214:history of art
198:interpretation
95:that involves
89:human activity
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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10209:
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10201:pallet crafts
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10068:
10066:
10065:Photographers
10063:
10059:
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10054:
10051:
10050:
10049:
10046:
10044:
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10024:
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10019:
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10011:single artist
10009:
10007:
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9997:
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9992:
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9987:
9986:Art movements
9984:
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9971:Art magazines
9969:
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9911:art valuation
9909:
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9815:
9814:
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9810:
9806:
9803:
9802:
9801:
9798:
9796:
9795:Art movements
9793:
9791:
9790:Art manifesto
9788:
9786:
9783:
9781:
9778:
9777:
9775:
9773:
9769:
9763:
9760:
9758:
9755:
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9738:
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9723:
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9718:
9715:
9713:
9712:Arts festival
9710:
9708:
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9579:
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9568:
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9552:
9551:Artwork title
9549:
9547:
9546:Stained glass
9544:
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9470:
9468:
9465:
9461:
9458:
9456:
9453:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9446:
9445:New media art
9443:
9439:
9436:
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9431:
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9426:
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9417:
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9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9366:Appropriation
9364:
9363:
9361:
9357:
9353:
9349:
9342:
9337:
9335:
9330:
9328:
9323:
9322:
9319:
9307:
9297:
9295:
9292:
9290:
9287:
9285:
9282:
9281:
9278:
9272:
9271:Theory of art
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
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9112:
9108:
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9102:
9098:
9093:
9092:
9088:
9083:
9082:
9078:
9073:
9072:
9068:
9063:
9062:
9061:Hippias Major
9058:
9057:
9055:
9051:
9045:
9042:
9040:
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9017:
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8958:
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8946:
8943:
8941:
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8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8920:Entertainment
8918:
8916:
8913:
8911:
8908:
8906:
8903:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
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8869:
8866:
8864:
8861:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8854:
8851:
8849:
8846:
8844:
8843:Art manifesto
8841:
8839:
8836:
8834:
8833:Appropriation
8831:
8830:
8828:
8824:
8818:
8817:
8813:
8811:
8808:
8806:
8803:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8773:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8761:
8758:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8726:
8725:Merleau-Ponty
8723:
8721:
8718:
8716:
8713:
8711:
8708:
8706:
8703:
8701:
8698:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8686:
8683:
8681:
8678:
8676:
8673:
8671:
8668:
8666:
8663:
8661:
8658:
8656:
8653:
8651:
8648:
8646:
8643:
8641:
8638:
8636:
8633:
8631:
8628:
8626:
8623:
8621:
8618:
8616:
8613:
8611:
8608:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8561:
8558:
8556:
8553:
8551:
8548:
8546:
8543:
8541:
8540:Abhinavagupta
8538:
8537:
8535:
8531:
8525:
8524:
8520:
8518:
8515:
8513:
8510:
8508:
8505:
8503:
8500:
8498:
8495:
8493:
8492:Postmodernism
8490:
8488:
8485:
8483:
8480:
8478:
8475:
8473:
8470:
8468:
8465:
8463:
8460:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8450:
8449:
8447:
8443:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8429:
8427:
8424:
8422:
8419:
8417:
8414:
8412:
8409:
8407:
8404:
8402:
8399:
8397:
8394:
8392:
8389:
8387:
8384:
8383:
8381:
8377:
8373:
8366:
8361:
8359:
8354:
8352:
8347:
8346:
8343:
8335:
8334:
8329:
8325:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8312:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8292:
8288:
8287:
8281:
8278:
8277:
8272:
8267:
8254:
8250:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8237:
8233:
8229:
8228:Will Gompertz
8226:
8224:
8220:
8216:
8212:
8209:
8206:
8205:0-534-64091-5
8202:
8198:
8197:0-534-64095-8
8194:
8190:
8186:
8183:
8179:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8166:
8162:
8158:
8154:
8152:
8148:
8144:
8140:
8139:E.H. Gombrich
8137:
8135:
8131:
8127:
8123:
8120:
8116:
8115:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8096:
8094:
8090:
8086:
8082:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8069:
8065:
8061:
8059:
8055:
8051:
8047:
8044:
8040:
8037:
8034:
8033:0-89526-833-7
8030:
8026:
8022:
8020:
8016:
8012:
8008:
8004:
8003:
7994:
7990:
7988:
7984:
7980:
7976:
7973:
7970:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7957:
7953:
7952:
7947:
7945:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7930:
7927:
7923:
7920:
7916:
7913:
7909:
7906:
7902:
7899:
7896:
7892:
7889:
7886:
7882:
7879:
7875:
7872:
7869:
7866:Oscar Wilde,
7865:
7864:
7853:
7847:
7843:
7838:
7826:
7822:
7816:
7812:
7811:
7805:
7804:
7783:
7780:(in German).
7779:
7772:
7763:
7753:
7737:
7733:
7727:
7718:
7702:
7698:
7692:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7664:
7660:
7656:
7652:
7645:
7636:
7631:
7624:
7608:
7604:
7600:
7596:
7592:
7588:
7584:
7580:
7573:
7565:
7558:
7542:
7538:
7532:
7528:
7527:
7522:
7515:
7499:
7495:
7489:
7485:
7484:
7476:
7460:
7456:
7452:
7445:
7429:
7425:
7424:
7419:
7413:
7406:
7405:
7390:
7386:
7385:
7380:
7373:
7357:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7340:
7324:
7320:
7316:
7310:
7308:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7300:
7292:
7286:
7270:
7266:
7265:
7260:
7253:
7247:
7246:1-85973-661-0
7243:
7239:
7233:
7225:
7221:
7217:
7213:
7209:
7205:
7201:
7197:
7190:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7162:
7156:
7149:
7143:
7136:
7130:
7123:
7119:
7118:
7112:
7105:
7100:
7093:
7088:
7079:
7077:
7069:
7063:
7055:
7051:
7047:
7043:
7039:
7035:
7028:
7021:
7015:
6999:
6995:
6989:
6985:
6984:
6976:
6960:
6956:
6950:
6946:
6945:
6937:
6921:
6917:
6911:
6907:
6906:
6901:
6895:
6879:
6875:
6869:
6865:
6864:
6859:
6853:
6837:
6833:
6827:
6823:
6822:
6814:
6808:
6804:
6797:
6781:
6777:
6776:
6769:
6753:
6749:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6730:
6714:
6710:
6704:
6700:
6699:
6691:
6675:
6671:
6665:
6661:
6660:
6652:
6645:
6640:
6638:
6631:
6630:0-415-06700-6
6627:
6623:
6619:
6614:
6607:
6601:
6594:
6593:
6588:
6584:
6578:
6562:
6558:
6552:
6548:
6547:
6539:
6523:
6519:
6513:
6509:
6508:
6500:
6484:
6480:
6474:
6470:
6469:
6461:
6445:
6441:
6435:
6431:
6430:
6422:
6406:
6402:
6396:
6392:
6391:
6383:
6367:
6363:
6357:
6353:
6352:
6344:
6328:
6324:
6318:
6314:
6313:
6305:
6289:
6285:
6279:
6275:
6274:
6266:
6259:
6253:
6237:
6233:
6229:
6222:
6215:
6209:
6201:
6197:
6190:
6174:
6170:
6164:
6160:
6159:
6151:
6135:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6119:
6115:
6111:
6107:
6100:
6084:
6080:
6074:
6070:
6069:
6061:
6045:
6041:
6035:
6031:
6030:
6022:
6006:
6002:
5996:
5992:
5991:
5983:
5967:
5963:
5962:
5954:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5924:
5923:
5915:
5899:
5895:
5889:
5881:
5875:
5871:
5866:
5865:
5859:
5853:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5823:
5822:
5814:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5786:
5770:
5766:
5760:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5744:
5728:
5724:
5723:core.tdar.org
5720:
5714:
5705:
5690:. 29 May 2018
5689:
5685:
5679:
5671:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5628:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5585:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5535:
5528:
5513:
5512:Rolling Stone
5509:
5502:
5487:
5483:
5476:
5470:
5469:0-87663-294-0
5466:
5462:
5456:
5448:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5420:
5416:
5412:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5391:
5387:
5386:Dutton, Denis
5382:
5376:
5372:
5367:
5351:
5347:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5325:
5309:
5305:
5301:
5294:
5278:
5274:
5268:
5252:
5248:
5247:
5242:
5235:
5219:
5215:
5211:
5205:
5189:
5185:
5179:
5171:
5167:
5163:
5157:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5135:
5119:
5115:
5111:
5104:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5043:
5024:
5017:
5011:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4981:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4958:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4915:
4911:
4908:According to
4905:
4889:
4885:
4883:
4875:
4859:
4855:
4849:
4845:
4844:
4836:
4829:
4823:
4807:
4803:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4784:
4777:
4771:
4764:
4758:
4750:
4746:
4745:
4737:
4721:
4717:
4716:
4708:
4692:
4688:
4682:
4678:
4677:
4669:
4667:
4665:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4636:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4606:
4605:
4597:
4581:
4577:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4558:
4542:
4538:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4519:
4503:
4499:
4493:
4489:
4488:
4480:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4450:
4449:
4441:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4412:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4384:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4326:
4322:
4321:
4313:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4292:
4277:
4273:
4272:
4264:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4237:(4): 831–46.
4236:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4183:(1): 249–57.
4182:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4083:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4060:(3): 334–67.
4059:
4055:
4048:
4032:
4028:
4022:
4012:
4005:
4000:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3970:
3969:
3961:
3954:
3948:
3932:
3928:
3927:
3920:
3901:
3894:
3888:
3879:
3863:
3859:
3853:
3849:
3848:
3840:
3831:
3815:
3811:
3805:
3801:
3800:
3792:
3783:
3774:
3758:
3754:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3697:
3688:
3679:
3672:
3668:
3663:
3655:
3651:
3645:
3637:
3631:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3558:
3549:
3544:
3540:
3534:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3503:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3473:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3447:New Scientist
3443:
3437:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3398:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3374:Shiner 2003.
3371:
3364:
3363:0-312-05391-6
3360:
3356:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3295:0-19-927945-4
3292:
3288:
3287:
3280:
3274:
3273:0-19-927945-4
3270:
3266:
3265:
3258:
3256:
3249:
3248:0-521-29706-0
3245:
3241:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3181:
3180:
3172:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3146:
3139:
3133:
3124:
3115:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2996:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2927:
2919:
2913:
2908:
2907:
2898:
2890:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2865:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2846:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2757:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2686:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2656:protects the
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2563:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2543:
2538:
2529:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2519:anti-anti-art
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2493:found objects
2490:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2433:impressionist
2430:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2393:The original
2391:
2386:
2376:
2374:
2373:Nick Zangwill
2369:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:Luce Irigaray
2314:
2313:Judith Butler
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2293:structuralism
2289:
2286:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2218:New Criticism
2208:
2206:
2203:, carpentry,
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2144:Linda Nochlin
2141:
2137:
2133:
2132:Michael Fried
2127:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:postmodernism
2112:
2104:
2103:Piet Mondrian
2100:
2099:
2094:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:Pablo Picasso
1991:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:Édouard Manet
1949:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1918:Last Judgment
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1854:Controversies
1851:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1829:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1618:Public access
1615:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1520:
1518:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1428:Marina DeBris
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:spray-painted
1395:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1340:Art movements
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1242:
1240:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1208:
1203:
1194:
1192:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1149:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1120:
1119:Pablo Picasso
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1053:
1051:
1050:Art criticism
1046:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
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965:
961:
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949:
945:
941:
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933:
929:
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917:
913:
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865:
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837:
833:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
785:Expressionism
782:
781:Impressionism
777:
775:
771:
770:impressionism
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
720:
715:
711:
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688:
684:
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672:
669:In the east,
663:
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631:
629:
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613:
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582:
581:Ancient Egypt
574:
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541:
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512:
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481:
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473:
472:George Dickie
469:
465:
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456:
453:advanced the
452:
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300:
299:
294:
290:
289:Immanuel Kant
286:
282:
278:
270:
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261:
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255:
254:military arts
251:
247:
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210:art criticism
207:
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199:
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149:, as well as
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49:self-portrait
45:
41:
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10191:Computer art
10175:
10171:Architecture
10001:most visited
9849:
9477:Plastic arts
9401:Found object
9189:
9179:
9169:
9139:
9129:
9109:
9099:
9089:
9079:
9069:
9059:
9006:
8982:Magnificence
8964:
8814:
8780:Schopenhauer
8615:Coomaraswamy
8533:Philosophers
8521:
8452:Aestheticism
8331:
8302:
8291:Art and Play
8290:
8270:
8248:
8231:
8214:
8199:(vol 1) and
8188:
8181:
8160:
8142:
8125:
8112:
8084:
8063:
8049:
8042:
8024:
8010:
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7978:
7968:
7965:Arthur Danto
7949:
7935:
7925:
7918:
7911:
7904:
7894:
7891:Nina Felshin
7884:
7877:
7867:
7861:Bibliography
7841:
7829:. Retrieved
7809:
7786:. Retrieved
7771:
7762:
7752:
7740:. Retrieved
7726:
7717:
7705:. Retrieved
7691:
7661:(1): 20–40.
7658:
7654:
7644:
7623:
7611:. Retrieved
7586:
7582:
7572:
7563:
7557:
7545:. Retrieved
7525:
7514:
7502:. Retrieved
7482:
7475:
7463:. Retrieved
7454:
7444:
7432:. Retrieved
7421:
7412:
7404:The Observer
7402:
7393:. Retrieved
7382:
7372:
7360:. Retrieved
7356:the original
7349:
7346:"Asger Jorn"
7339:
7327:. Retrieved
7323:the original
7291:Art/Artifact
7290:
7285:
7273:. Retrieved
7269:the original
7263:
7259:"Tribal Art"
7252:
7237:
7232:
7199:
7195:
7189:
7177:. Retrieved
7168:
7155:
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7067:
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7037:
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7014:
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6982:
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6963:. Retrieved
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6924:. Retrieved
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6697:
6690:
6678:. Retrieved
6658:
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6613:
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6600:
6590:
6587:Ruskin, John
6577:
6565:. Retrieved
6545:
6538:
6526:. Retrieved
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6499:
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6467:
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6448:. Retrieved
6428:
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6350:
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6099:
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6067:
6060:
6048:. Retrieved
6028:
6021:
6009:. Retrieved
5989:
5982:
5970:. Retrieved
5960:
5953:
5941:. Retrieved
5921:
5914:
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5898:the original
5888:
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5840:. Retrieved
5820:
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5687:
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5565:the original
5547:(1): 33–43.
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5511:
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5485:
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5218:the original
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5010:
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4989:
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4967:
4957:
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4926:Postdigitale
4925:
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4888:the original
4881:
4874:
4862:. Retrieved
4842:
4835:
4827:
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4790:
4783:
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4757:
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4714:
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4675:
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4603:
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4564:
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4545:. Retrieved
4525:
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4506:. Retrieved
4486:
4479:
4467:. Retrieved
4447:
4440:
4428:. Retrieved
4418:
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4399:. Retrieved
4389:
4383:
4371:the original
4358:
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4341:
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4319:
4312:
4299:What is Art?
4298:
4291:
4279:. Retrieved
4270:
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4255:the original
4234:
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4220:
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4180:
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4089:
4082:
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4021:
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3967:
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3935:. Retrieved
3925:
3919:
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3887:
3878:
3866:. Retrieved
3846:
3839:
3830:
3818:. Retrieved
3798:
3791:
3782:
3773:
3761:. Retrieved
3741:
3735:
3723:. Retrieved
3703:
3696:
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3678:
3662:
3653:
3644:
3630:
3618:. Retrieved
3613:
3604:
3592:. Retrieved
3567:
3557:
3548:the original
3542:
3533:
3521:. Retrieved
3512:
3502:
3490:. Retrieved
3482:Sci-News.com
3481:
3472:
3460:. Retrieved
3445:
3436:
3425:
3420:
3412:the original
3407:
3397:
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3322:
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3306:
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3210:
3202:the original
3178:
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3137:
3132:
3123:
3114:
3106:
3074:
3070:
3060:
3048:. Retrieved
3039:
3030:
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2995:
2983:. Retrieved
2979:the original
2974:
2965:
2953:. Retrieved
2933:
2926:
2905:
2897:
2878:
2872:
2852:
2845:
2833:. Retrieved
2829:the original
2824:
2815:
2803:. Retrieved
2789:
2777:. Retrieved
2773:the original
2660:through the
2626:
2622:
2607:
2587:
2567:
2564:
2554:
2549:
2547:
2544:, Australia.
2523:
2505:, the lo-fi
2496:
2478:
2477:
2473:Arthur Danto
2458:
2440:
2426:
2417:The Warriors
2416:
2394:
2368:Roger Sperry
2360:
2359:in his book
2333:Hayden White
2308:
2290:
2282:
2268:
2260:
2256:Stanley Fish
2245:
2226:
2221:
2214:
2197:horsemanship
2184:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2153:
2129:
2124:
2108:
2096:
2067:
2048:
2026:
2018:
2000:
1994:
1989:
1986:Joseph Beuys
1972:
1962:
1945:
1935:
1923:Michelangelo
1917:
1904:iconographic
1880:
1866:
1848:
1840:
1837:Louis Le Vau
1835:Versailles:
1818:Joseph Beuys
1814:
1803:
1799:
1753:Palais Royal
1746:
1731:
1716:
1681:
1653:social elite
1645:
1641:
1600:
1597:Appreciation
1584:
1562:
1559:mental state
1555:surroundings
1548:
1541:
1531:
1513:
1502:
1498:
1485:
1476:
1454:
1447:
1433:
1407:
1390:Graffiti art
1384:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1299:
1293:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1248:
1239:LĂ©vi-Strauss
1235:
1190:
1183:
1180:Damien Hirst
1173:
1163:
1153:
1146:
1133:
1102:
1097:
1086:
1077:Michelangelo
1070:
1042:
1023:
1016:
1008:connotations
996:
919:
918:, and form.
909:
891:
866:
859:
857:
830:
778:
762:academic art
732:The western
731:
719:Song dynasty
703:Ming dynasty
699:Tang dynasty
687:architecture
668:
621:
612:Medieval art
605:
578:
552:
538:Sculptures,
537:
530:
524:Homo erectus
522:
520:
507:
484:
434:
423:
403:
386:
382:
378:
373:
371:
366:
361:
358:creative art
357:
353:
351:
335:
328:
324:
320:
314:
304:
302:
296:
274:
253:
250:medical arts
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
223:
195:
191:applied arts
170:
145:, and other
135:architecture
118:
116:
84:
83:
60:
40:
10322:Visual arts
10248:Printmaking
10243:Photography
10223:Digital art
10160:Visual arts
10118:Arts portal
9991:Art museums
9906:art finance
9707:Arts centre
9671:Art gallery
9654:Art commune
9644:Art auction
9487:Printmaking
9416:Mixed media
9411:Kinetic art
9348:Visual arts
9075:(c. 335 BC)
9065:(c. 390 BC)
9044:Work of art
8997:Picturesque
8853:Avant-garde
8810:Winckelmann
8685:Kierkegaard
8610:Collingwood
8580:Baudrillard
8507:Romanticism
8477:Historicism
8411:Mathematics
8104:"Art"
7975:Dana Arnold
7800:Works cited
7788:19 December
7742:19 December
7707:25 February
7613:12 November
7395:11 December
7179:18 February
5375:Mythologies
5330:Susan Hogan
5314:22 February
5283:21 February
5246:Global News
5194:21 February
4331:26 February
4281:26 February
4210:26 February
4177:Philosophia
4153:26 February
3335:John Russon
3162:Aristotle,
3149:Aristotle,
3136:Aristotle,
2985:26 February
2971:"Art, n. 1"
2805:25 December
2779:25 December
2604:Art and law
2463:criticized
2455:video games
2435:paintings,
2305:Mark Tansey
2159:Andy Warhol
2155:Pop artists
2078:Objectivist
2059:John Ruskin
2028:Piss Christ
1955: 1820
1938:Romanticism
1900:art critics
1891:Islamic art
1876: 1820
1723:Switzerland
1684:printmaking
1573:The Beatles
1509:Musée Rodin
1499:The Thinker
1490:Preparation
1438:art therapy
1361:avant-garde
1214: 1880
1170:Tracey Emin
1143: 1503
1004:denotations
934:), such as
928:composition
726: 1250
695:Emperor Qin
683:calligraphy
675:iconography
671:Islamic art
585:Mesopotamia
544:petroglyphs
511:Löwenmensch
443:Leo Tolstoy
411:applied art
342:Dithyrambic
338:epic poetry
101:imaginative
70: 1484
10301:Categories
10273:Street art
10253:Public art
10228:Filmmaking
10091:sculptures
9945:Provenance
9840:Art market
9747:Commission
9695:Art school
9683:Art museum
9649:Art colony
9637:and events
9497:street art
9492:Public art
9014:Recreation
8992:Perception
8885:Creativity
8585:Baumgarten
8575:Baudelaire
8457:Classicism
8372:Aesthetics
8178:Peter Selz
8134:0330253212
8093:026201226X
7987:0631227156
7944:0300097891
7868:Intentions
7434:22 January
7362:24 January
7329:23 January
7275:27 January
5694:27 January
5574:15 January
5517:27 January
5491:27 January
5124:22 January
5093:22 January
5063:22 January
5032:22 January
5000:22 January
4914:postmodern
4274:. p.
4111:8 November
4037:15 January
4004:Liu, Xinru
3667:Hodge 2017
3620:17 October
3594:12 October
3523:18 January
3022:1064878696
2975:OED Online
2955:8 November
2753:References
2720:Craftivism
2614:plagiarism
2460:Daily Mail
2263:Berys Gaut
2101:(1930) by
2045:Aesthetics
2015:Leon Golub
1883:Iconoclasm
1757:Grand Tour
1663:and Greek
1636:visual art
1607:reflection
1540:'s series
1414:, cancer,
1402:stencilled
1394:street art
1348:Surrealism
1284:malleable.
1207:Navajo rug
1156:modern art
1128:Detail of
1060:See also:
988:proportion
853:skepticism
841:Relativism
801:Surrealism
760:, such as
464:Clive Bell
415:aesthetics
242:artificial
202:aesthetics
187:decorative
151:literature
123:visual art
109:conceptual
72:–1486) by
10263:Sculpture
10233:Light art
10070:Sculptors
9976:Art media
9938:sculpture
9879:paintings
9800:Criticism
9582:paintings
9572:Collector
9504:Sculpture
9421:bricolage
9352:art world
9019:Reverence
8925:Eroticism
8895:Depiction
8868:Masculine
8770:Santayana
8730:Nietzsche
8675:Hutcheson
8665:Heidegger
8650:Greenberg
8605:Coleridge
8570:Balthasar
8555:Aristotle
8517:Theosophy
8512:Symbolism
8487:Modernism
8472:Formalism
8122:Carl Jung
7683:248300879
7675:0066-4677
7635:1410.2488
7465:18 August
7216:0021-8529
7150:, p. 186.
7146:Tomkins,
6140:26 August
6130:150115587
5619:143929745
4921:"chap. 3"
4367:1902-8822
3584:189968118
3462:24 August
3198:170973920
3091:0004-3079
2646:diversity
2610:forgeries
2574:aesthetic
2569:zeitgeist
2515:Stuckists
2227:In 1946,
2167:art world
2111:Modernism
1887:Aniconism
1822:video art
1632:Manhattan
1301:Tomaskova
1264:Aristotle
1250:utility.
1230:miniature
1224:Mozarabic
1135:Mona Lisa
1111:Rembrandt
999:Formalism
992:proximity
944:dimension
914:, genre,
869:Silk Road
832:Modernism
822:Communism
766:Symbolism
642:Mahmud II
608:Byzantine
546:from the
480:art world
460:Roger Fry
281:Aristotle
258:etymology
183:fine arts
131:sculpture
10317:The arts
10258:Rock art
10238:Painting
10186:Ceramics
10048:Painters
9933:painting
9845:The arts
9805:feminist
9742:Biennale
9482:Portrait
9467:Painting
9438:graffiti
9391:Fine art
9350:and the
9294:Category
9226:Axiology
9095:(c. 500)
9085:(c. 100)
8960:Judgment
8915:Emotions
8910:Elegance
8890:Cuteness
8863:Feminine
8826:Concepts
8795:Tanizaki
8775:Schiller
8760:Richards
8750:Rancière
8720:Maritain
8655:Hanslick
8595:Benjamin
8467:Feminism
8436:Theology
8416:Medieval
8406:Japanese
8401:Internet
8101:(1911).
7831:23 April
7825:Archived
7782:Archived
7736:Archived
7701:Archived
7607:Archived
7541:Archived
7523:(2008).
7498:Archived
7459:Archived
7428:Archived
7389:Archived
7351:Artforum
7173:Archived
6998:Archived
6959:Archived
6920:Archived
6902:(1997).
6878:Archived
6860:(2006).
6836:Archived
6780:Archived
6752:Archived
6713:Archived
6674:Archived
6606:Essay VI
6561:Archived
6522:Archived
6483:Archived
6444:Archived
6405:Archived
6366:Archived
6327:Archived
6288:Archived
6242:3 August
6236:Archived
6202:(4): 45.
6196:Artforum
6173:Archived
6134:Archived
6083:Archived
6044:Archived
6005:Archived
5966:Archived
5937:Archived
5860:(1996).
5836:Archived
5797:Archived
5769:Archived
5751:(2000).
5727:Archived
5670:28894418
5447:30519205
5421:: 2266.
5350:Archived
5332:(2001).
5308:Archived
5251:Archived
5118:Archived
5087:Archived
5057:Archived
5053:Gazettes
5023:Archived
4994:Archived
4947:2 August
4941:Archived
4858:Archived
4806:Archived
4778:: (1997)
4720:Archived
4715:Republic
4691:Archived
4647:Archived
4619:Archived
4607:. Tate.
4580:Archived
4541:Archived
4502:Archived
4463:Archived
4424:Archived
4395:Archived
4361:: 1–28.
4325:Archived
4251:53618673
4201:Archived
4197:55901464
4147:Archived
4105:Archived
4031:Archived
3983:Archived
3931:Archived
3900:Archived
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