218:
scientists investigated the nature of mandibular movement. By the 1900s the single-hinge dental articulators became commonplace. It wasn't until 1910 that dentistry had its first articulator breakthrough due to the work of scientists like W. E. Walker, Alfred Gysi and George Snow. From their work two major schools of articulators developed. On one side there was the new condylar (anatomic) movement and on the other side there was the geometric (non anatomic) movement. The debate between anatomic and non anatomic is demonstrated in this article for an articulator that boasted a simple design. Dr.
134:
29:
126:
157:. The human maxilla is fixed and the scope of movement of the mandible (and therefore the dentition) is dictated by the position and movements of the bilateral temperomandibular joints, which sit in the glenoid fossae in the base of the skull. The temperomandibular joints are not a simple hinge but rotate and translate forward when the mouth is opened.
208:
Fixed articulators emulate a simple hinge and disregard all functional movements of the jaw. They are used commonly for single-unit crowns or Angles Class III bites where there is little or no lateral excursion in chewing. Modern hinge articulators are made of a disposable plastic material which may
160:
The principal movements reproduced are: at rest (centric jaw relation), in protrusion (to bite), from side to side (lateral excursion) to chew, in retrusion, and any possible combination of these. Counter-intuitively, it is the cast of the maxilla which moves relative to the cast of the mandible and
164:
An articulator assists in the accurate fabrication of the biting surfaces of removable prosthodontic appliances (dentures), fixed prosthodontic restorations (implants, crowns, bridges, inlays and onlays) and orthodontic appliances. Used with skill it ensures correct interdigitation of the teeth and
199:
A semi-adjustable articulator uses some fixed values based on averages and is not therefore capable of reproducing any particular jaw relationship, or occlusions which are not close to the average. Values which may or may not be fixed include centric jaw relation, protrusion angle, centric shift,
217:
In 1840 the first US patent for dental articulators was issued to two
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dentists: James Cameron and Daniley T. Evens. One glaring weakness that became evident shortly after its release was its inability to manage mandibular movement. Through the 1850s and 60s dental
186:
A fully-adjustable articulator reproduces the movement of the temporomandibular joints in all possible dimensions and functional movements. They are necessary for large or complex restorative cases where a correct occlusion is being substantively restored. The relationship between the
172:
alone. However it is advantageous when a system is utilised jointly in which case the clinician should adopt the articulator system currently in use in the dental laboratory as they are not compatible with each other.
165:
an anatomically functional biting plane. This means less occlusal adjustments before and after fitting dental appliances and fewer chronic conflicts between the teeth and the jaw joints.
200:
lateral and
Bennett movements, immediate side-shift and retrusion. The advantage of a semi-adjustable articulator is that it may be adequate for most cases and is less costly.
168:
Articulators are used mainly by dental technicians in fabrication of prostheses and information regarding bite can be communicated from the prescribing dentist via a
191:. Individual patient's casts may be mounted and dismounted from a single articulator using a variety of disposable baseplates, either mechanical or magnetic.
282:
Starcke, Edgar N. (2002). "The history of articulators: A critical history of articulators based on geometric theories of mandibular movement: Part I".
187:
temporomandibular joints and the maxilla and the functional relationship of the jaws are transferred to the articulator by means of a separate
149:
to which plaster casts of the maxillary (upper) and mandibular (lower) jaw are fixed, reproducing some or all the movements of the
93:
65:
112:
72:
50:
79:
46:
239:
Starcke, Edgar N. (2000). "The
History of Articulators: Early Attempts to Reproduce Mandibular Movement".
61:
336:
331:
39:
8:
86:
307:
299:
264:
256:
252:
291:
248:
219:
150:
133:
325:
303:
295:
260:
311:
268:
17:
146:
28:
209:
be incorporated into or over the casts and are subject to bending.
188:
169:
154:
222:
is credited with developing the Hanau articulator in the 1920s.
125:
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
323:
212:
181:
194:
137:Semi-adjustable articulator with mounted casts
16:For articulators in speech production, see
203:
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
132:
124:
281:
238:
324:
145:is a mechanical hinged device used in
51:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
275:
232:
13:
14:
348:
253:10.1111/j.1532-849x.2000.00051.x
27:
38:needs additional citations for
1:
225:
213:Dental articulator 1840–1912
182:Fully-adjustable articulator
7:
195:Semi-adjustable articulator
10:
353:
15:
284:Journal of Prosthodontics
241:Journal of Prosthodontics
296:10.1053/jopr.2002.124356
176:
204:Fixed/Hinge articulator
138:
130:
290:(2). Wiley: 134–146.
136:
128:
47:improve this article
247:(1). Wiley: 51–56.
153:in relation to the
139:
131:
161:the articulator.
123:
122:
115:
97:
344:
337:Prosthodontology
332:Dental equipment
316:
315:
279:
273:
272:
236:
220:Rudolph L. Hanau
118:
111:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
31:
23:
352:
351:
347:
346:
345:
343:
342:
341:
322:
321:
320:
319:
280:
276:
237:
233:
228:
215:
206:
197:
184:
179:
119:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
44:
32:
21:
12:
11:
5:
350:
340:
339:
334:
318:
317:
274:
230:
229:
227:
224:
214:
211:
205:
202:
196:
193:
183:
180:
178:
175:
121:
120:
35:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
349:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
327:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
278:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
235:
231:
223:
221:
210:
201:
192:
190:
174:
171:
166:
162:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
135:
127:
117:
114:
106:
103:December 2009
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
62:"Articulator"
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
19:
287:
283:
277:
244:
240:
234:
216:
207:
198:
185:
167:
163:
159:
142:
140:
109:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
18:Speech organ
143:articulator
129:Articulator
326:Categories
226:References
73:newspapers
304:1059-941X
261:1059-941X
147:dentistry
312:12087552
269:11074029
151:mandible
189:facebow
170:facebow
155:maxilla
87:scholar
310:
302:
267:
259:
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
177:Types
94:JSTOR
80:books
308:PMID
300:ISSN
265:PMID
257:ISSN
66:news
292:doi
249:doi
141:An
49:by
328::
306:.
298:.
288:11
286:.
263:.
255:.
243:.
314:.
294::
271:.
251::
245:9
116:)
110:(
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
43:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
