359:
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793:
781:
150:
613:
32:
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2107:
603:
The maxillary sinus presents the appearance of a furrow on the lateral wall of the nose. In the adult the vertical diameter is the greatest, owing to the development of the alveolar process and the increase in size of the sinus.
538:
and unite in the beginning of the third month, but the suture between the two portions persists on the palate until nearly middle life. Mall states that the frontal process is developed from both centers.
588:
lies between the palatine and premaxillary centers and beneath the vomer; this center, together with the corresponding center of the opposite bone, separates the incisive canals from each other.
674:. -When the tender bones of the upper jaw and lower nostril are severely or repetitively damaged, at any age the surrounding cartilage can begin to deteriorate just as it does after death.
542:
The maxillary sinus appears as a shallow groove on the nasal surface of the bone about the fourth month of development, but does not reach its full size until after the second dentition.
741:, both maxilla and premaxilla are relatively plate-like bones, forming only the sides of the upper jaw, and part of the face, with the premaxilla also forming the lower boundary of the
718:
Sometimes (e.g. in bony fish), the maxilla is called "upper maxilla", with the mandible being the "lower maxilla". Conversely, in birds the upper jaw is often called "upper mandible".
553:
forms that portion of the body of the bone which lies medial to the infraorbital canal, including the medial part of the floor of the orbit and the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.
516:
600:
The frontal process is well-marked and the body of the bone consists of little more than the alveolar process, the teeth sockets reaching almost to the floor of the orbit.
236:
1552:
212:
745:. However, in mammals, the bones have curved inward, creating the palatine process and thereby also forming part of the roof of the mouth.
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2007:
2002:
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The maxilla is a paired bone - the two maxillae unite with each other at the intermaxillary suture. The maxilla consists of:
1773:
865:
2112:
1813:
1277:
624:
of the maxillae holds the upper teeth, and is referred to as the maxillary arch. Each maxilla attaches laterally to the
1803:
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1763:
1107:
1088:
1055:
1006:
567:
is developed the palatine process posterior to the incisive canal together with the adjoining part of the nasal wall.
115:
68:
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1808:
1425:
574:
forms the incisive bone which carries the incisor teeth and corresponds to the premaxilla of the lower vertebrates.
792:
1442:
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53:
1144:
231:
20:
2132:
2127:
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gives origin to the portion which lies lateral to the infraorbital canal, including the zygomatic process.
1696:
1628:
973:
82:
843:
2077:
1706:
1609:
1473:
597:
At birth the transverse and antero-posterior diameters of the bone are each greater than the vertical.
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1902:
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1355:
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707:
64:
2122:
2042:
1716:
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1123:
243:
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49:
729:. These fuse with the maxilla proper to form the bone found in humans, and some other mammals. In
2117:
1617:
1259:
1247:
492:
42:
371:: pyramid-shaped; has an orbital, a nasal, an infratemporal, and a facial surface; contains the
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8:
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761:, such as sharks, also lack a true maxilla. Their upper jaw is instead formed from a
663:
379:
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formed from the fusion of two maxillary bones. In humans, the upper jaw includes the
89:
2108:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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171:
330:. The two maxillary bones are fused at the intermaxillary suture, forming the
19:
This article is about the maxilla in vertebrates. For arthropod maxillae, see
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2019:
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do not have a maxilla in the strict sense; the corresponding part of their
730:
642:
457:
491:
Sometimes it articulates with the orbital surface, and sometimes with the
2059:
1787:
1494:
1420:
969:"On ossification centers in human embryos less than one hundred days old"
581:
gives rise to the frontal process and the portion above the canine tooth.
323:
311:
149:
1045:
612:
545:
The maxilla was formerly described as ossifying from six centers, viz.:
1980:
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1437:
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726:
465:
261:
165:
721:
In most vertebrates, the foremost part of the upper jaw, to which the
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centers only, one for the maxilla proper and one for the premaxilla.
968:
31:
1827:
695:
338:(lower jaw), which is also a fusion of two mandibular bones at the
335:
137:
1050:. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. pp. 217–43.
755:(mainly consisting of the premaxilla) is called "upper mandible".
725:
are attached in mammals consists of a separate pair of bones, the
631:
Each maxilla assists in forming the boundaries of three cavities:
1413:
1408:
1317:
1307:
742:
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722:
461:
1269:
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Each maxilla also enters into the formation of two fossae: the
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481:
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1488:
706:. Maxilla fractures are classified according to the
299:
1046:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
942:Fehrenbach, Margaret J.; Herring, Susan W. (2017).
290:
281:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1098:Worthington, Philip; Evans, John R., eds. (1994).
1100:Controversies in Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
946:(5th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier. p. 61.
941:
909:
2099:
1097:
342:. The mandible is the movable part of the jaw.
616:Fracture of the left lacrimal / maxillary bone
534:These centers appear during the sixth week of
527:and Fawcett maintain that it is ossified from
1474:
1145:
1074:
690:. A maxilla fracture is often the result of
488:, as well as the maxilla of the other side.
1481:
1467:
1152:
1138:
769:with the bone found in other vertebrates.
456:Each maxilla articulates with nine bones:
148:
136:
1019:
1002:"Some Notes on the Epiphyses of the Ribs"
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1159:
944:Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck
912:Illustrated Anatomy of the Head and Neck
677:
611:
514:
506:
357:
999:
2100:
838:This article incorporates text in the
1462:
1133:
523:The maxilla is ossified in membrane.
1126:at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
1041:
1039:
966:
937:
935:
933:
931:
772:
519:Inferior surface of maxilla at birth
511:Anterior surface of maxilla at birth
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1278:Levator palpebrae superioris muscle
713:
310:) is the upper fixed (not fixed in
269:
13:
1083:(6th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
1068:
641:the floor and lateral wall of the
14:
2144:
1117:
1036:
1007:Journal of Anatomy and Physiology
928:
896:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
592:
420:Features of the maxilla include:
2085:
832:
791:
779:
451:
277:
30:
416:the anterior, posterior, medial
41:needs additional citations for
1443:Suspensory ligament of eyeball
993:
960:
903:
889:
875:
858:
798:Skull. Maxilla shown in white.
786:Skull. Maxilla shown in green.
502:
1:
827:
21:Maxilla (arthropod mouthpart)
1253:Trochlea of superior oblique
910:Fehrenbach; Herring (2012).
871:University of North Carolina
350:
7:
974:American Journal of Anatomy
846:of the 20th edition of
803:
607:
362:Inferior surface of maxilla
10:
2149:
2113:Bones of the head and neck
967:Mall, Franklin P. (1906).
807:
345:
18:
2030:
1973:
1911:
1875:Mandibular incisive canal
1835:
1826:
1796:
1756:
1735:
1726:
1683:
1658:
1597:
1510:
1501:
1401:
1356:Accessory lacrimal glands
1331:
1288:Medial palpebral ligament
1268:
1218:
1172:
334:. This is similar to the
242:
230:
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206:
194:
182:
177:
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159:
147:
135:
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2043:Posterior lacrimal crest
1124:Anatomy photo:22:os-1901
1000:Fawcett, Edward (1911).
914:. Elsevier. p. 55.
244:Anatomical terms of bone
154:Animation of the maxilla
1618:Anterior lacrimal crest
1260:Inferior oblique muscle
1248:Superior oblique muscle
493:lateral pterygoid plate
412:It has three surfaces:
142:Position of the maxilla
1782:Sphenopalatine foramen
1778:Greater palatine canal
1589:Greater palatine canal
1233:Inferior rectus muscle
1228:Superior rectus muscle
987:10.1002/aja.1000050403
810:anatomical terminology
708:Le Fort classification
617:
520:
512:
363:
1998:Inferior nasal concha
1855:Mandibular prominence
1768:Posterior nasal spine
1743:Pterygopalatine fossa
1238:Lateral rectus muscle
817:Maxillofacial surgery
678:Clinical significance
615:
518:
510:
486:inferior nasal concha
361:
1859:Mandibular symphysis
1649:Anterior nasal spine
1562:Maxillary tuberosity
1546:Anterior nasal spine
1536:Infraorbital foramen
1243:Medial rectus muscle
704:automobile accidents
536:prenatal development
340:mandibular symphysis
332:anterior nasal spine
326:in the front of the
50:improve this article
2133:Otorhinolaryngology
2128:Human mouth anatomy
1897:Submandibular fovea
1867:Mental protuberance
1774:Perpendicular plate
1573:Infraorbital groove
1341:Lacrimal canaliculi
1048:The Vertebrate Body
426:infraorbital sulcus
369:body of the maxilla
1936:Mandibular foramen
1707:Zygomaticotemporal
1697:Zygomatico-orbital
1641:Foramina of Scarpa
1578:Infraorbital canal
1333:Lacrimal apparatus
886:2nd edition, 1989.
869:—Embryo Images at
808:This article uses
759:Cartilaginous fish
618:
563:From a third, the
521:
513:
364:
2073:
2072:
2008:Maxillary process
2003:Ethmoidal process
1986:Internasal suture
1969:
1968:
1956:Condyloid process
1822:
1821:
1679:
1678:
1605:Zygomatic process
1456:
1455:
1426:Plica semilunaris
1393:Nasolacrimal duct
1346:Lacrimal caruncle
1313:Palpebral fissure
1077:Du Brul, E. Lloyd
1014:(Pt 2): 172–178.
953:978-0-323-39634-9
921:978-1-4377-2419-6
773:Additional images
584:And a sixth, the
387:zygomatic process
258:
257:
253:
126:
125:
118:
100:
2140:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2065:Retromolar space
2053:Lacrimal hamulus
1951:Mandibular notch
1946:Coronoid process
1924:Mandibular canal
1919:Mylohyoid groove
1893:Sublingual fovea
1881:internal surface
1843:external surface
1833:
1832:
1764:Horizontal plate
1733:
1732:
1717:Zygomaticofacial
1703:Temporal process
1633:Incisive foramen
1629:Palatine process
1624:Alveolar process
1508:
1507:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1460:
1459:
1383:Lacrimal punctum
1378:Lacrimal papilla
1366:Ciaccio's glands
1154:
1147:
1140:
1131:
1130:
1113:
1094:
1062:
1061:
1043:
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795:
783:
765:bar that is not
714:In other animals
684:maxilla fracture
672:pterygomaxillary
668:inferior orbital
647:the wall of the
635:the roof of the
622:alveolar process
446:incisive foramen
405:palatine process
399:alveolar process
309:
308:
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247:
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2123:Irregular bones
2098:
2097:
2096:
2084:
2076:
2074:
2069:
2048:Lacrimal groove
2026:
1965:
1961:Pterygoid fovea
1907:
1863:Lingual foramen
1818:
1792:
1752:
1748:Pterygoid fossa
1722:
1713:Lateral process
1693:Orbital process
1675:
1671:Maxillary sinus
1666:Body of maxilla
1654:
1637:Incisive canals
1610:Frontal process
1593:
1557:Alveolar canals
1497:
1491:facial skeleton
1487:
1457:
1452:
1448:Tenon's capsule
1397:
1361:Krause's glands
1327:
1298:Meibomian gland
1293:Epicanthic fold
1264:
1214:
1168:
1158:
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1110:
1091:
1075:Sicher, Harry;
1071:
1069:Further reading
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822:Maxillary crest
813:
806:
799:
796:
787:
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716:
688:facial fracture
680:
660:pterygopalatine
628:(cheek bones).
626:zygomatic bones
610:
595:
505:
454:
440:maxillary sinus
393:frontal process
373:maxillary sinus
353:
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2118:Dental anatomy
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1991:Nasal foramina
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1903:Alveolar part
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1889:Mylohyoid line
1878:
1871:Mental foramen
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1526:Incisive fossa
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1485:
1478:
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1433:Orbital septum
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1353:
1351:Lacrimal gland
1348:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1303:Ciliary glands
1300:
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1190:Maxillary bone
1187:
1185:Zygomatic bone
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992:
981:(4): 433–458.
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849:Gray's Anatomy
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593:Changes by age
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570:A fourth, the
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1645:Incisive bone
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840:public domain
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686:is a form of
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106:December 2007
98:
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67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
1885:Mental spine
1880:
1842:
1530:Canine fossa
1521:
1502:
1388:Lacrimal sac
1200:Ethmoid bone
1189:
1180:Frontal bone
1102:. Saunders.
1099:
1081:Oral Anatomy
1080:
1047:
1011:
1005:
995:
978:
972:
962:
943:
911:
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891:
881:
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653:
643:nasal cavity
630:
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551:orbitonasal,
550:
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354:
273:
265:
259:
213:A02.1.12.001
188:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2060:Prognathism
1788:Hard palate
1421:Conjunctiva
727:premaxillae
503:Development
480:bones, the
324:hard palate
312:Neopterygii
262:vertebrates
178:Identifiers
2102:Categories
1981:Nasal bone
1814:Sphenoidal
1614:Agger nasi
1438:Periorbita
828:References
767:homologous
735:amphibians
662:, and two
558:zygomatic,
76:newspapers
1804:Pyramidal
1797:Processes
1685:Zygomatic
1598:Processes
866:hednk-023
731:bony fish
565:palatine,
549:One, the
470:zygomatic
380:processes
351:Structure
166:Precursor
65:"Maxilla"
2038:Lacrimal
1828:Mandible
1728:Palatine
1518:Anterior
1511:Surfaces
1079:(1975).
1030:17232872
844:page 157
804:See also
743:nostrils
739:reptiles
723:incisors
696:violence
694:such as
664:fissures
608:Function
497:sphenoid
478:palatine
474:lacrimal
336:mandible
274:maxillae
2092:Anatomy
1929:Lingula
1809:Orbital
1569:Orbital
1503:Maxilla
1493:of the
1414:Unibrow
1409:Eyebrow
1318:Canthus
1308:Eyelash
1220:Muscles
1164:of the
1021:1288875
495:of the
462:ethmoid
458:frontal
434:foramen
346:Anatomy
318:of the
266:maxilla
201:D008437
189:maxilla
160:Details
131:Maxilla
90:scholar
2078:Portal
1757:Plates
1736:Fossae
1522:fossae
1283:Tarsus
1270:Eyelid
1106:
1087:
1054:
1028:
1018:
950:
918:
852:(1918)
737:, and
666:, the
579:nasal,
484:, the
476:, and
432:, and
264:, the
170:First
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2031:Other
2015:Vomer
1941:Angle
1912:Ramus
1659:Other
1585:Nasal
1495:skull
1402:Other
1173:Bones
1162:orbit
842:from
753:beaks
749:Birds
700:falls
649:orbit
637:mouth
482:vomer
466:nasal
430:canal
378:Four
328:mouth
248:[
184:Latin
97:JSTOR
83:books
2020:Wing
1974:Nose
1847:Chin
1836:Body
1489:The
1160:The
1104:ISBN
1085:ISBN
1052:ISBN
1026:PMID
948:ISBN
916:ISBN
670:and
658:and
620:The
525:Mall
444:the
438:the
424:the
403:the
397:the
391:the
385:the
367:The
316:bone
237:9711
208:TA98
196:MeSH
69:news
1851:Jaw
1780:,
1166:eye
1016:PMC
983:doi
883:OED
702:or
529:two
320:jaw
270:pl.
260:In
232:FMA
225:756
220:TA2
52:by
2104::
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1891:,
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291:ˈ
288:k
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282:m
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