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and gynecological pathology. In addition, there were specialty departments dealing with infectious and parasitic diseases, molecular studies and environmental pathology. As all of these specialties were located in one institution, rapid collaborative examination of a case was facilitated and interdepartmental collaborative research was the rule rather than the exception. In 2009, the
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Another special feature of the AFIP was the interaction between its departments in analyzing complex cases. The AFIP's diagnostic departments were based on organ sites—e.g., dermatological, hepatic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, pulmonary, soft tissue, bone, hematological, neurological, endocrine,
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from military, veteran, and civilian medical, dental, and veterinary sources. The unique character of the AFIP rested in the expertise of its civilian and military staff of diagnostic pathologists whose daily work consisted of the study of cases that are difficult to diagnose owing to their rarity or
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The implications of the BRAC and reaction to it by the pathology world resulted in congressional legislation in the
National Defense Authorization Act of 2008 (NDAA 2008) establishing a Joint Pathology Center (JPC). This recognized the significant contributions of the AFIP and mandated the JPC to
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Unique to the AFIP was the
Department of Radiologic Pathology, which pursued the interface between diagnostic radiology and anatomic pathology. This department was responsible for a course staffed by some of the finest radiologists and attended by most of the US trained radiologists during their
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were established at the AFIP in a number of subjects aimed at international standardization of tumor nomenclature, classification, and diagnostic criteria. AFIP staff contributed the largest number of IHCT panel members than any other institution. AFIP staff played key roles in the Tumor Node
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The AFIP played a critical role in the standardization of pathologic diagnosis of tumors. This was mainly the result of the participation of AFIP staff as panel members and reference center heads in the
International Histological Classification of Tumors (IHCT) series of the
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Miettinen M, Sobin, LH, Lasota J. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach. A clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 1765 cases with long-term follow-up. Am J Surg Pathol
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study sets for individual examination by the participants as well as authoritative lectures by the AFIP and visiting staff. Fellowships were available as were one-month visits to individual departments.
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their variation from the ordinary. The accumulation of such cases has resulted in a rich repository of lesions, numbering over three million, that have been the basis of major pathological studies.
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The educational mission of the
Institute consisted of formal courses providing continuing medical education (CME) credits for postgraduate medical personnel. A number of these courses had
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assume many of AFIP's responsibilities in consultation, education, and research, as well as the modernization of its unique tissue repository. AFIP shut its doors on
September 15, 2011.
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included a realignment of the Walter Reed Army
Medical Center campus that had as one element the disestablishment of AFIP with relocation of its "military relevant functions" to the
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residency. A by-product was an unmatched repository of medical cases having extensive radiological images and pathological slides, a great source for studies in this field.
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Lee, C. Pathologists protest defense site's closure: realignment will divvy up functions of the definitive disease clearinghouse. Washington Post, Feb. 4, 2007, p. A10
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Examples are the published reports on the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics of the relatively newly recognized gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
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to establish its
Research & Innovation Campus. When completed, the campus will host a wide variety of medical research, as well as biomedical
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Levy AD, Taylor LD, Abbott RM et al. Duodenal carcinoids: Imaging
Features with Clinicopathologic Comparison. Radiology 2005;237:967-972
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Recognizing the educational value of the radiology-pathology correlation course and corresponding vast database of cases, the
340:, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, Washington, DC 1964. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 63-60060
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Building 54, the building occupied by AFIP on the Walter Reed Campus, is unique in that it was designed to be atomic
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297:(AIRP) to allow continuation of the radiology-pathology course. The first course of the AIRP began in January 2011.
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Sobin, LH. The
International Histological Classification of Tumors. Bull World Health Organ 1981;59:813-819
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Following the WRAMC's closure in 2011, the AFIP building and other space totaling 12 acres was given to
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institution concerned with diagnostic consultation, education, and research in the medical specialty of
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were, and still are, monumental contributions to standards in diagnosis throughout the world.
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Renovation work started in 2018 and the first phase of the project opened in 2021.
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Legacy of
Excellence: The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1862-2011
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The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology - Its First Century 1862 -1962
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in 1951. It has no windows and walls are said to be 8-ft thick.
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Continuation as American Institute of Radiologic Pathology
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shut down many of the labs, especially those dealing with
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diagnostic consultations on pathologic specimens such as
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It was founded in 1862 as the Army Medical Museum in
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Armed Forces Institute of Pathology building at the
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
439:"AIRP Launches First Radiologic Pathology Course"
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263:Base Realignment and Closure proposal for 2005
21:Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (Pakistan)
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543:2011 disestablishments in the United States
295:American Institute of Radiologic Pathology
16:US government medical diagnostic institute
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
19:For the Pakistani military facility, see
528:United States Army medical installations
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533:1862 establishments in Washington, D.C.
238:WHO reference and collaborating centers
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293:has been instrumental in creating the
243:Union for International Cancer Control
227:AFIP and international standardization
204:, due to improper storage practices.
144:Southern wing of the building in 2020
65:"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology"
538:Medical museums in the United States
504:Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
156:) (1862 – September 15, 2011) was a
54:adding citations to reliable sources
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150:Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
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496:Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
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385:"Building a Bombproof Institute"
241:Metastasis (TNM) project of the
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423:. Genomeweb LLC. Archived from
198:Environmental Protection Agency
180:(WRAMC). It primarily provided
178:Walter Reed Army Medical Center
134:Walter Reed Army Medical Center
41:needs additional citations for
500:Radiology Residents AFIP Group
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251:American Registry of Pathology
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443:American College of Radiology
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389:devilofhistory.wordpress.com
307:Children's National Hospital
269:(NNMC), Bethesda, Maryland;
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301:Building status and future
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234:World Health Organization
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489:Joint Pathology Center
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50:improve this article
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245:(UICC). The AFIP
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469:. Retrieved
467:. 2021-09-23
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324:References
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277:, Texas.
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162:pathology
317:clinic.
186:biopsies
168:Overview
236:(WHO).
202:anthrax
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