Aristotle - Knowledge

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motion. When a person perceives a stimulus and the stimulus is no longer the focus of their attention, it leaves an impression. When the body is awake and the senses are functioning properly, a person constantly encounters new stimuli to sense and so the impressions of previously perceived stimuli are ignored. However, during sleep the impressions made throughout the day are noticed as there are no new distracting sensory experiences. So, dreams result from these lasting impressions. Since impressions are all that are left and not the exact stimuli, dreams do not resemble the actual waking experience. During sleep, a person is in an altered state of mind. Aristotle compares a sleeping person to a person who is overtaken by strong feelings toward a stimulus. For example, a person who has a strong infatuation with someone may begin to think they see that person everywhere because they are so overtaken by their feelings. Since a person sleeping is in a suggestible state and unable to make judgements, they become easily deceived by what appears in their dreams, like the infatuated person. This leads the person to believe the dream is real, even when the dreams are absurd in nature. In

1458:, which could be either a property or a relation to other things. When one looks at an apple, for example, one sees an apple, and one can also analyse a form of an apple. In this distinction, there is a particular apple and a universal form of an apple. Moreover, one can place an apple next to a book, so that one can speak of both the book and apple as being next to each other. Plato argued that there are some universal forms that are not a part of particular things. For example, it is possible that there is no particular good in existence, but "good" is still a proper universal form. Aristotle disagreed with Plato on this point, arguing that all universals are instantiated at some period of time, and that there are no universals that are unattached to existing things. In addition, Aristotle disagreed with Plato about the location of universals. Where Plato spoke of the forms as existing separately from the things that participate in them, Aristotle maintained that universals exist within each thing on which each universal is predicated. So, according to Aristotle, the form of apple exists within each apple, rather than in the world of the forms. 6493: 6481: 6513: 5258: 6413: 2553: 6291: 3333:

of a specific memory, that person will reject this experience until they find what they are looking for. Recollection occurs when one retrieved experience naturally follows another. If the chain of "images" is needed, one memory will stimulate the next. When people recall experiences, they stimulate certain previous experiences until they reach the one that is needed. Recollection is thus the self-directed activity of retrieving the information stored in a memory impression. Only humans can remember impressions of intellectual activity, such as numbers and words. Animals that have perception of time can retrieve memories of their past observations. Remembering involves only perception of the things remembered and of the time passed.

3847: 26007: 6372: 6394: 26031: 3667:. Aristotle considered the city to be a natural community. Moreover, he considered the city to be prior in importance to the family, which in turn is prior to the individual, "for the whole must of necessity be prior to the part". He famously stated that "man is by nature a political animal" and argued that humanity's defining factor among others in the animal kingdom is its rationality. Aristotle conceived of politics as being like an organism rather than like a machine, and as a collection of parts none of which can exist without the others. Aristotle's conception of the city is organic, and he is considered one of the first to conceive of the city in this manner. 2250: 6246: 3337: 6266: 6228: 3398:

a dream is first established by the fact that the person is asleep when they experience it. If a person had an image appear for a moment after waking up or if they see something in the dark it is not considered a dream because they were awake when it occurred. Secondly, any sensory experience that is perceived while a person is asleep does not qualify as part of a dream. For example, if, while a person is sleeping, a door shuts and in their dream they hear a door is shut, this sensory experience is not part of the dream. Lastly, the images of dreams must be a result of lasting impressions of waking sensory experiences.

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precise than the intelligent man? For all that this man will choose, if the choice is based on his knowledge, are good things and their contraries are bad. And since everybody chooses most of all what conforms to their own proper dispositions (a just man choosing to live justly, a man with bravery to live bravely, likewise a self-controlled man to live with self-control), it is clear that the intelligent man will choose most of all to be intelligent; for this is the function of that capacity. Hence it's evident that, according to the most authoritative judgment, intelligence is supreme among goods.

6099:'s description of Aristotle's literary style as "a river of gold" must have applied to the published works, not the surviving notes. A major question in the history of Aristotle's works is how the exoteric writings were all lost, and how the ones now possessed came to be found. The consensus is that Andronicus of Rhodes collected the esoteric works of Aristotle's school which existed in the form of smaller, separate works, distinguished them from those of Theophrastus and other Peripatetics, edited them, and finally compiled them into the more cohesive, larger works as they are known today. 5868: 1624: 6351: 1504: 6533: 2075: 6329: 6046: 60: 2483: 5381:, and left every future scientist and philosopher in his debt through his contributions to the scientific method. Taneli Kukkonen, observes that his achievement in founding two sciences is unmatched, and his reach in influencing "every branch of intellectual enterprise" including Western ethical and political theory, theology, rhetoric, and literary analysis is equally long. As a result, Kukkonen argues, any analysis of reality today "will almost certainly carry Aristotelian overtones ... evidence of an exceptionally forceful mind." 1405: 6462: 26103: 5412: 1942: 3671: 889: 26067: 821: 1109: 1280: 2342: 22273: 25955: 20163: 17942: 16723: 15475: 6894:"When the Roman dictator Sulla invaded Athens in 86 BC, he brought back to Rome a fantastic prize – Aristotle's library. Books then were papyrus rolls, from 10 to 20 feet long, and since Aristotle's death in 322 BC, worms and damp had done their worst. The rolls needed repairing, and the texts clarifying and copying on to new papyrus (imported from Egypt – Moses' bulrushes). The man in Rome who put Aristotle's library in order was a Greek scholar, Tyrannio." 26091: 3382:. Sleep takes place as a result of overuse of the senses or of digestion, so it is vital to the body. While a person is asleep, the critical activities, which include thinking, sensing, recalling and remembering, do not function as they do during wakefulness. Since a person cannot sense during sleep, they cannot have desire, which is the result of sensation. However, the senses are able to work during sleep, albeit differently, unless they are weary. 25965: 20173: 952: 25975: 5610:(Avicenna) breathed new life into Aristotle's ideas. They harmonized his logic with Islamic theology, employed his scientific methodologies to explore the natural world, and even reinterpreted his ethics within the framework of Islamic morality. This revival was not mere imitation. Islamic thinkers embraced Aristotle's rigorous methods while simultaneously challenging his conclusions where they diverged from their own religious beliefs. 26019: 5859:, Maimonides observes that there is no need for Samuel to study the writings of philosophers who preceded Aristotle because the works of the latter are "sufficient by themselves and to all that were written before them. His intellect, Aristotle's is the extreme limit of human intellect, apart from him upon whom the divine emanation has flowed forth to such an extent that they reach the level of prophecy, there being no level higher". 3234: 14347: 14425: 20188: 26055: 16734: 15486: 3689:). The aim of the city is not just to avoid injustice or for economic stability, but rather to allow at least some citizens the possibility to live a good life, and to perform beautiful acts: "The political partnership must be regarded, therefore, as being for the sake of noble actions, not for the sake of living together." This is distinguished from modern approaches, beginning with 26043: 3297:

positive about it. Aristotle's other criticism is that Plato's view of reincarnation entails that it is possible for a soul and its body to be mis-matched; in principle, Aristotle alleges, any soul can go with any body, according to Plato's theory. Aristotle's claim that the soul is the form of a living being eliminates that possibility and thus rules out reincarnation.

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current understanding of causality as the relation of cause and effect, this covers the modern definitions of "cause" as either the agent or agency or particular events or states of affairs. In the case of two dominoes, when the first is knocked over it causes the second also to fall over. In the case of animals, this agency is a combination of

3263:("psyches"): the vegetative soul, the sensitive soul, and the rational soul. Humans have all three. The vegetative soul is concerned with growth and nourishment. The sensitive soul experiences sensations and movement. The unique part of the human, rational soul is its ability to receive forms of other things and to compare them using the 3364:. Aristotle believed that past experiences are hidden within the mind. A force operates to awaken the hidden material to bring up the actual experience. According to Aristotle, association is the power innate in a mental state, which operates upon the unexpressed remains of former experiences, allowing them to rise and be recalled. 2121:

macrostructure) is the cause of its parts, a relationship known as the whole-part causation. Plainly put, the formal cause is the idea in the mind of the sculptor that brings the sculpture into being. A simple example of the formal cause is the mental image or idea that allows an artist, architect, or engineer to create a drawing.

920:. In one famous example, he counsels Alexander to be "a leader to the Greeks and a despot to the barbarians, to look after the former as after friends and relatives, and to deal with the latter as with beasts or plants". By 335 BC, Aristotle had returned to Athens, establishing his own school there known as the 2148:) is its purpose, the reason why a thing exists or is done, including both purposeful and instrumental actions and activities. The final cause is the purpose or function that something is supposed to serve. This covers modern ideas of motivating causes, such as volition. In the case of living things, it implies 5978:

Zoologists have frequently mocked Aristotle for errors and unverified secondhand reports. However, modern observation has confirmed several of his more surprising claims. Aristotle's work remains largely unknown to modern scientists, though zoologists sometimes mention him as the father of biology or

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One component of Aristotle's theory of dreams disagrees with previously held beliefs. He claimed that dreams are not foretelling and not sent by a divine being. Aristotle reasoned naturalistically that instances in which dreams do resemble future events are simply coincidences. Aristotle claimed that

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or end. Then Aristotle proceeds and concludes that the actuality is prior to potentiality in formula, in time and in substantiality. With this definition of the particular substance (i.e., matter and form), Aristotle tries to solve the problem of the unity of the beings, for example, "what is it that

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The works of Aristotle that have survived from antiquity through medieval manuscript transmission are collected in the Corpus Aristotelicum. These texts, as opposed to Aristotle's lost works, are technical philosophical treatises from within Aristotle's school. Reference to them is made according to

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with a discussion on which, if either, is superior: epic or tragic mimesis. He suggests that because tragedy possesses all the attributes of an epic, possibly possesses additional attributes such as spectacle and music, is more unified, and achieves the aim of its mimesis in shorter scope, it can be

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originally comprised two books – one on comedy and one on tragedy – only the portion that focuses on tragedy has survived. Aristotle taught that tragedy is composed of six elements: plot-structure, character, style, thought, spectacle, and lyric poetry. The characters in a tragedy are merely a means

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Because Aristotle believes people receive all kinds of sense perceptions and perceive them as impressions, people are continually weaving together new impressions of experiences. To search for these impressions, people search the memory itself. Within the memory, if one experience is offered instead

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Instead, he practiced a different style of science: systematically gathering data, discovering patterns common to whole groups of animals, and inferring possible causal explanations from these. This style is common in modern biology when large amounts of data become available in a new field, such as

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Aristotle's "natural philosophy" spans a wide range of natural phenomena including those now covered by physics, biology and other natural sciences. In Aristotle's terminology, "natural philosophy" is a branch of philosophy examining the phenomena of the natural world, and includes fields that would

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Philoponus and Galileo correctly objected that for the transient phase (still increasing in speed) with heavy objects falling a short distance, the law does not apply: Galileo used balls on a short incline to show this. Rovelli notes that "Two heavy balls with the same shape and different weight do

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Aristotle uses the term 'memory' for the actual retaining of an experience in the impression that can develop from sensation, and for the intellectual anxiety that comes with the impression because it is formed at a particular time and processing specific contents. Memory is of the past, prediction

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movement). In contrast to earlier philosophers, but in accordance with the Egyptians, he placed the rational soul in the heart, rather than the brain. Notable is Aristotle's division of sensation and thought, which generally differed from the concepts of previous philosophers, with the exception of

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as he wrote when describing the sights one viewed at the Eleusinian Mysteries, "to experience is to learn" . Aristotle remained in Athens for nearly twenty years before leaving in 348/47 BC. The traditional story about his departure records that he was disappointed with the Academy's direction

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Following the decline of the Roman Empire, Aristotle's vast philosophical and scientific corpus lay largely dormant in the West. However, his works underwent a remarkable revival in the Abbasid Caliphate. Translated into Arabic alongside other Greek classics, Aristotle's logic, ethics, and natural

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Aristotle taught that to achieve a virtuous and potentially happy character requires a first stage of having the fortune to be habituated not deliberately, but by teachers, and experience, leading to a later stage in which one consciously chooses to do the best things. When the best people come to

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could occur, he saw these as rare accidents. For Aristotle, accidents, like heat waves in winter, must be considered distinct from natural causes. He was thus critical of Empedocles's materialist theory of a "survival of the fittest" origin of living things and their organs, and ridiculed the idea

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Aristotle also made many observations about the hydrologic cycle. For example, he made some of the earliest observations about desalination: he observed early – and correctly – that when seawater is heated, freshwater evaporates and that the oceans are then replenished by the cycle of rainfall and

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was made up of "those stars which are shaded by the earth from the sun's rays," pointing out partly correctly that if "the size of the sun is greater than that of the earth and the distance of the stars from the earth many times greater than that of the sun, then... the sun shines on all the stars

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is "the primary source", or that from which the change under consideration proceeds. It identifies 'what makes of what is made and what causes change of what is changed' and so suggests all sorts of agents, non-living or living, acting as the sources of change or movement or rest. Representing the

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calls "highly structured procedures for the achievement of their purposes." For example, music imitates with the media of rhythm and harmony, whereas dance imitates with rhythm alone, and poetry with language. The forms also differ in their object of imitation. Comedy, for instance, is a dramatic

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For we all agree that the most excellent man should rule, i.e., the supreme by nature, and that the law rules and alone is authoritative; but the law is a kind of intelligence, i.e. a discourse based on intelligence. And again, what standard do we have, what criterion of good things, that is more

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Newton's "forced" motion corresponds to Aristotle's "violent" motion with its external agent, but Aristotle's assumption that the agent's effect stops immediately it stops acting (e.g., the ball leaves the thrower's hand) has awkward consequences: he has to suppose that surrounding fluid helps to

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the speed of fall would become infinite, and concludes from this apparent absurdity that a vacuum is not possible. Opinions have varied on whether Aristotle intended to state quantitative laws. Henri Carteron held the "extreme view" that Aristotle's concept of force was basically qualitative, but

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Dreams do not involve actually sensing a stimulus. In dreams, sensation is still involved, but in an altered manner. Aristotle explains that when a person stares at a moving stimulus such as the waves in a body of water, and then looks away, the next thing they look at appears to have a wavelike

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that the soul takes up space and is able to come into physical contact with bodies. 20th-century scholarship overwhelmingly opposed Aristotle's interpretation of Plato and maintained that he had misunderstood him. Today's scholars have tended to re-assess Aristotle's interpretation and been more

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claims that "almost every serious intellectual advance has had to begin with an attack on some Aristotelian doctrine". Russell calls Aristotle's ethics "repulsive", and labelled his logic "as definitely antiquated as Ptolemaic astronomy". Russell states that these errors make it difficult to do

1539:), which can be either innate or learned. For example, the eyes possess the potentiality of sight (innate – being acted upon), while the capability of playing the flute can be possessed by learning (exercise – acting). Actuality is the fulfilment of the end of the potentiality. Because the end ( 3725:

It is ... constitutional to take ... from oligarchy that offices are to be elected, and from democracy that this is not to be on a property-qualification. This then is the mode of the mixture; and the mark of a good mixture of democracy and oligarchy is when it is possible to speak of the same

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customs and traditions from his teacher. Although his respect for Aristotle was diminished as his travels made it clear that much of Aristotle's geography was clearly wrong, when the old philosopher released his works to the public, Alexander complained "Thou hast not done well to publish thy

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school. Aristotle's "lost" works stray considerably in characterization from the surviving Aristotelian corpus. Whereas the lost works appear to have been originally written with a view to subsequent publication, the surviving works mostly resemble lecture notes not intended for publication.

5908:, establishing that the heart functioned as a pump rather than being the seat of the soul and the controller of the body's heat, as Aristotle thought. Galileo used more doubtful arguments to displace Aristotle's physics, proposing that bodies all fall at the same speed whatever their weight. 3280:

of a living being. Because all beings are composites of form and matter, the form of living beings is that which endows them with what is specific to living beings, e.g. the ability to initiate movement (or in the case of plants, growth and transformations, which Aristotle considers types of

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Aristotle gave a summary of the function of money that was perhaps remarkably precocious for his time. He wrote that because it is impossible to determine the value of every good through a count of the number of other goods it is worth, the necessity arises of a single universal standard of

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began conscripting books for a royal library, and the heirs of Neleus hid their collection in a cellar to prevent it from being seized for that purpose. The library was stored there for about a century and a half, in conditions that were not ideal for document preservation. On the death of

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relating the life-history features of the live-bearing tetrapods (terrestrial placental mammals) that he studied. Among these correct predictions are the following. Brood size decreases with (adult) body mass, so that an elephant has fewer young (usually just one) per brood than a mouse.

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For heavenly bodies like the Sun, Moon, and stars, the observed motions are "to a very good approximation" circular around the Earth's centre, (for example, the apparent rotation of the sky because of the rotation of the Earth, and the rotation of the moon around the Earth) as Aristotle

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The scholar Taneli Kukkonen notes that "in the best 20th-century scholarship Aristotle comes alive as a thinker wrestling with the full weight of the Greek philosophical tradition." What follows is an overview of the transmission and influence of his texts and ideas into the modern era.

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measurement. Money thus allows for the association of different goods and makes them "commensurable". He goes on to state that money is also useful for future exchange, making it a sort of security. That is, "if we do not want a thing now, we shall be able to get it when we do want it".

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is its form, i.e., the arrangement of that matter. It tells one what a thing is, that a thing is determined by the definition, form, pattern, essence, whole, synthesis or archetype. It embraces the account of causes in terms of fundamental principles or general laws, as the whole (i.e.,

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be regarded today as physics, biology and other natural sciences. Aristotle's work encompassed virtually all facets of intellectual inquiry. Aristotle makes philosophy in the broad sense coextensive with reasoning, which he also would describe as "science". However, his use of the term

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are assembled from his own observations, statements given by people with specialized knowledge, such as beekeepers and fishermen, and less accurate accounts provided by travellers from overseas. His apparent emphasis on animals rather than plants is a historical accident: his works on

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Plato's gesture toward the sky is thought to indicate his Theory of Forms. ... Conversely, Aristotle's hand is a visual representation of his belief that knowledge comes from experience. Empiricism, as it is known, theorizes that humans must have concrete evidence to support their

3814:. It thus uses goods as a means to an end, rather than as an end unto itself. He believed that retail trade was in this way unnatural. Similarly, Aristotle considered making a profit through interest unnatural, as it makes a gain out of the money itself, and not from its use. 696:, none of it intended for publication. Aristotle provided a complex synthesis of the various philosophies existing prior to him. His teachings and methods of inquiry have had a significant impact across the world, and remain a subject of contemporary philosophical discussion. 5716:

greatly admired Aristotle's philosophy, and Averroes spoke of Aristotle as the "exemplar" for all future philosophers. Medieval Muslim scholars regularly described Aristotle as the "First Teacher". The title was later used by Western philosophers (as in the famous poem of

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regarded Aristotle as the most important contributor to the subject of biology. In an 1882 letter he wrote that "Linnaeus and Cuvier have been my two gods, though in very different ways, but they were mere schoolboys to old Aristotle". Also, in later editions of the book

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Apellicon sought to recover the texts, many of which were seriously degraded at this point due to the conditions in which they were stored. He had them copied out into new manuscripts, and used his best guesswork to fill in the gaps where the originals were unreadable.

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Greek Christian scribes played a crucial role in the preservation of Aristotle by copying all the extant Greek language manuscripts of the corpus. The first Greek Christians to comment extensively on Aristotle were Philoponus, Elias, and David in the sixth century, and

1551:) a thing is, is its principle, and the becoming is for the sake of the end; and the actuality is the end, and it is for the sake of this that the potentiality is acquired. For animals do not see in order that they may have sight, but they have sight that they may see. 1330:

if there were no other independent things besides the composite natural ones, the study of nature would be the primary kind of knowledge; but if there is some motionless independent thing, the knowledge of this precedes it and is first philosophy, and it is universal

1527:) in association with the matter and the form. Referring to potentiality, this is what a thing is capable of doing or being acted upon if the conditions are right and it is not prevented by something else. For example, the seed of a plant in the soil is potentially ( 3794:. Money came into use because people became dependent on one another, importing what they needed and exporting the surplus. For the sake of convenience, people then agreed to deal in something that is intrinsically useful and easily applicable, such as iron or 2642:. Philosophers of science have generally concluded that Aristotle was not interested in taxonomy, but zoologists who studied this question in the early 21st century think otherwise. He believed that purposive final causes guided all natural processes; this 3678:

The common modern understanding of a political community as a modern state is quite different from Aristotle's understanding. Although he was aware of the existence and potential of larger empires, the natural community according to Aristotle was the city

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Near the end of his life, Alexander and Aristotle became estranged over Alexander's relationship with Persia and Persians. A widespread tradition in antiquity suspected Aristotle of playing a role in Alexander's death, but the only evidence of this is an

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More than 2300 years after his death, Aristotle remains one of the most influential people who ever lived. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge then in existence, and he was the founder of many new fields. According to the philosopher

1543:) is the principle of every change, and potentiality exists for the sake of the end, actuality, accordingly, is the end. Referring then to the previous example, it can be said that an actuality is when a plant does one of the activities that plants do. 5637:

stands out for having attempted a fundamental critique of Aristotle's views on the eternity of the world, movement, and other elements of Aristotelian thought. Philoponus questioned Aristotle's teaching of physics, noting its flaws and introducing the

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Natural motion depends on the element concerned: the aether naturally moves in a circle around the heavens, while the 4 Empedoclean elements move vertically up (like fire, as is observed) or down (like earth) towards their natural resting places.

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could still state in "pure seventeenth century" tones that Aristotle had assembled "a strange and generally speaking rather tiresome farrago of hearsay, imperfect observation, wishful thinking and credulity amounting to downright gullibility".

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imitation of men worse than average; whereas tragedy imitates men slightly better than average. Lastly, the forms differ in their manner of imitation – through narrative or character, through change or no change, and through drama or no drama.

1960:(215a25), Aristotle effectively states a quantitative law, that the speed, v, of a falling body is proportional (say, with constant c) to its weight, W, and inversely proportional to the density, ρ, of the fluid in which it is falling:; 1951:

he states that objects fall at a speed proportional to their weight and inversely proportional to the density of the fluid they are immersed in. This is a correct approximation for objects in Earth's gravitational field moving in air or

3600:) of a thing. An eye is only a good eye in so much as it can see, because the proper function of an eye is sight. Aristotle reasoned that humans must have a function specific to humans, and that this function must be an activity of the 5823:

with the works of Aristotle as a foundation, just as the scholastics used Aristotle as the basis for their thinking. Dante knew Aristotle directly from Latin translations of his works and indirectly through quotations in the works of

5983:. Practising zoologists are unlikely to adhere to Aristotle's chain of being, but its influence is still perceptible in the use of the terms "lower" and "upper" to designate taxa such as groups of plants. The evolutionary biologist 5671: 3586:

Aristotle considered ethics to be a practical rather than theoretical study, i.e., one aimed at becoming good and doing good rather than knowing for its own sake. He wrote several treatises on ethics, most notably including the

1894:. With this understanding, it can be observed that, as Aristotle stated, heavy objects (on the ground, say) require more force to make them move; and objects pushed with greater force move faster. This would imply the equation 3329:

is of the future, and sensation is of the present. Retrieval of impressions cannot be performed suddenly. A transitional channel is needed and located in past experiences, both for previous experience and present experience.

2052:'s gravitational field immersed in a fluid such as air. In this system, heavy bodies in steady fall indeed travel faster than light ones (whether friction is ignored, or not), and they do fall more slowly in a denser medium. 2185:

that let light in. With it, he saw that whatever shape he made the hole, the sun's image always remained circular. He also noted that increasing the distance between the aperture and the image surface magnified the image.

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was a major influence on economic thought in the Middle Ages. He had a low opinion of retail, believing that contrary to using money to procure things one needs in managing the household, retail trade seeks to make a

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This period in Athens, between 335 and 323 BC, is when Aristotle is believed to have composed many of his works. He wrote many dialogues, of which only fragments have survived. Those works that have survived are in

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Aristotle has been called the father of logic, biology, political science, zoology, embryology, natural law, scientific method, rhetoric, psychology, realism, criticism, individualism, teleology, and meteorology.

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The order of the books (or the teachings from which they are composed) is not certain, but this list was derived from analysis of Aristotle's writings. It goes from the basics, the analysis of simple terms in the

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is a natural instinct of humanity that separates humans from animals and that all human artistry "follows the pattern of nature". Because of this, Aristotle believed that each of the mimetic arts possesses what

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of social arrangements. Aristotle believed that although communal arrangements may seem beneficial to society, and that although private property is often blamed for social strife, such evils in fact come from

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Most of Aristotle's work is probably not in its original form, because it was most likely edited by students and later lecturers. The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into a set of six books called the

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writes that Aristotle and his predecessors showed the difficulty of science by "proceed so readily to frame a theory of such a general character" on limited evidence from their senses. In 1985, the biologist

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And this is exactly why we hunt for the successor, starting in our thoughts from the present or from something else, and from something similar, or opposite, or neighbouring. By this means recollection

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1025b25). His practical science includes ethics and politics; his poetical science means the study of fine arts including poetry; his theoretical science covers physics, mathematics and metaphysics.

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such as sights or sounds are so complex that the nervous system cannot receive all the impressions at once. These changes are the same as those involved in the operations of sensation, Aristotelian

3309:, memory is the ability to hold a perceived experience in the mind and to distinguish between the internal "appearance" and an occurrence in the past. In other words, a memory is a mental picture ( 2200:

According to Aristotle, spontaneity and chance are causes of some things, distinguishable from other types of cause such as simple necessity. Chance as an incidental cause lies in the realm of

5696:. Most of the still extant works of Aristotle, as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars. 2106:

is traditionally translated as "cause", but it does not always refer to temporal sequence; it might be better translated as "explanation", but the traditional rendering will be employed here.

1890:(300a20). In violent motion, as soon as the agent stops causing it, the motion stops also: in other words, the natural state of an object is to be at rest, since Aristotle does not address 2113:

describes the material out of which something is composed. Thus the material cause of a table is wood. It is not about action. It does not mean that one domino knocks over another domino.

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became his guardian. Although little information about Aristotle's childhood has survived, he probably spent some time within the Macedonian palace, making his first connections with the

6919:(1953), vol. 2 pp= 408–410. Ross defends an interpretation according to which the phrase, at least in Aristotle's own works, usually refers generally to "discussions not peculiar to the 5535:

After Theophrastus, the Lyceum failed to produce any original work. Though interest in Aristotle's ideas survived, they were generally taken unquestioningly. It is not until the age of

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In general, the details of Aristotle's life are not well-established. The biographies written in ancient times are often speculative and historians only agree on a few salient points.

20024: 9387:"the father of teleology": Malcolm Owen Slavin, Daniel H. Kriegman, The Adaptive Design of the Human Psyche: Psychoanalysis, Evolutionary Biology, and the Therapeutic Process, p. 292. 6290: 3616:). Aristotle identified such an optimum activity (the virtuous mean, between the accompanying vices of excess or deficiency) of the soul as the aim of all human deliberate action, 1999: 1390:

that let us define something as a house. The formula that gives the components is the account of the matter, and the formula that gives the differentia is the account of the form.

1015:. Aristotle studied and made significant contributions to "logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance, and theatre." 2514:. It does not result in the same certainty as experimental science, but it sets out testable hypotheses and constructs a narrative explanation of what is observed. In this sense, 1314:

The word "metaphysics" appears to have been coined by the first century AD editor who assembled various small selections of Aristotle's works to the treatise we know by the name

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Coming-to-be is a change where the substrate of the thing that has undergone the change has itself changed. In that particular change he introduces the concept of potentiality (

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form and were not, for the most part, intended for widespread publication; they are generally thought to be lecture aids for his students. His most important treatises include

809:. While he was young, Aristotle learned about biology and medical information, which was taught by his father. Both of Aristotle's parents died when he was about thirteen, and 3313:) that can be recovered. Aristotle believed an impression is left on a semi-fluid bodily organ that undergoes several changes in order to make a memory. A memory occurs when 1576:

is based on the study of things that exist or happen in the world, and rises to knowledge of the universal, whereas for Plato epistemology begins with knowledge of universal

1564:

there are two Ideas: animal and biped, how then is man a unity? However, according to Aristotle, the potential being (matter) and the actual one (form) are one and the same.

1555:

In summary, the matter used to make a house has potentiality to be a house and both the activity of building and the form of the final house are actualities, which is also a

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of driving the story; and the plot, not the characters, is the chief focus of tragedy. Tragedy is the imitation of action arousing pity and fear, and is meant to effect the

3647:) can develop with each other towards the highest possible human virtue, the wisdom of an accomplished theoretical or speculative thinker, or in other words, a philosopher. 6412: 3356:

Aristotle believed the chain of thought, which ends in recollection of certain impressions, was connected systematically in relationships such as similarity, contrast, and

2362:

Aristotle was the first person to study biology systematically, and biology forms a large part of his writings. He spent two years observing and describing the zoology of

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considered superior to epic. Aristotle was a keen systematic collector of riddles, folklore, and proverbs; he and his school had a special interest in the riddles of the

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writes, "this painting will remain one of the greatest and most mysterious in the world, ensnaring us in its musty, glowing, pitch-black, terrible knowledge of time."

8510:

There's a large scholarly discussion of this dialectic between Plato and Aristotle here: Douglas R. Campbell, "The Soul's Tool: Plato on the Usefulness of the Body,"

2277:

noted that Aristotle described such change, including "lakes that had dried up" and "deserts that had become watered by rivers", giving as examples the growth of the

5769:. In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, interest in Aristotle revived and Latin Christians had translations made, both from Arabic translations, such as those by 2044:) are said to have shown by experiment that Aristotle's claim that a heavier object falls faster than a lighter object is incorrect. A contrary opinion is given by 14442: 5284:

as an example of how the perfect tragedy should be structured, with a generally good protagonist who starts the play prosperous, but loses everything through some

1926: 2426:

of cephalopods, used in sexual reproduction, was widely disbelieved until the 19th century. He gives accurate descriptions of the four-chambered fore-stomachs of

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organized the texts into the first complete edition of Aristotle's works (and works attributed to him). The Aristotelian texts we have today are based on these.

5855:. Maimonides also considered Aristotle to be the greatest philosopher that ever lived, and styled him as the "chief of the philosophers". Also, in his letter to 6309: 1078:, Aristotle is credited with the earliest study of formal logic, and his conception of it was the dominant form of Western logic until 19th-century advances in 6461: 3622:, generally translated as "happiness" or sometimes "well-being". To have the potential of ever being happy in this way necessarily requires a good character ( 11328: 5802:. These thinkers blended Aristotelian philosophy with Christianity, bringing the thought of Ancient Greece into the Middle Ages. Scholars such as Boethius, 5324:

Aristotle asserted that men were superior to women writing "the male is by nature superior and the female inferior, the male ruler and the female subject".

3292:, Aristotle famously criticizes Plato's theory of the soul and develops his own in response. The first criticism is against Plato's view of the soul in the 2327:

river runoff ("I have proved by experiment that salt water evaporated forms fresh and the vapor does not when it condenses condense into sea water again.")

13464: 9815:

Herbert A. Davidson, Herbert A. |q (Herbert Alan) Davidson, Professor of Hebrew Emeritus Herbert Davidson, Moses Maimonides: The Man and His Works, p. 98.

9158: 6328: 5550:, corrected Aristotle, placing intelligence in the brain, and connected the nervous system to motion and sensation. Herophilus also distinguished between 1131:

and gestures to the earth, representing his view in immanent realism, whilst Plato gestures to the heavens, indicating his Theory of Forms, and holds his

1335:, because it is first. And it belongs to this sort of philosophy to study being as being, both what it is and what belongs to it just by virtue of being. 5945:', Darwin traced evolutionary ideas as far back as Aristotle; the text he cites is a summary by Aristotle of the ideas of the earlier Greek philosopher 15008: 8460:

For instance, W.D. Ross argued that Aristotle "may well be criticized as having taken myth as if it were sober prose." See Ross, William D. ed. 1961.

6438: 2204:, "from what is spontaneous". There is also more a specific kind of chance, which Aristotle names "luck", that only applies to people's moral choices. 1447:), things in the world, whereas for Plato the universal is a separately existing form which actual things imitate. For Aristotle, "form" is still what 12923: 849:, although it is possible that he feared the anti-Macedonian sentiments in Athens at that time and left before Plato died. Aristotle then accompanied 22080: 6265: 5516:

is seen in the latter's bringing with him on his expedition a host of zoologists, botanists, and researchers. He had also learned a great deal about

762:

called him "the master of those who know". His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and were studied by medieval scholars such as

9269:"the father of political science": N. Jayapalan, Aristotle, p. 12, Jonathan Wolff, Lectures on the History of Moral and Political Philosophy, p. 48. 5458:, seed chamber. Theophrastus was much less concerned with formal causes than Aristotle was, instead pragmatically describing how plants functioned. 2586:, with man at the top. His system had eleven grades of animal, from highest potential to lowest, expressed in their form at birth: the highest gave 1023:

made some six years after the death. Following Alexander's death, anti-Macedonian sentiment in Athens was rekindled. In 322 BC, Demophilus and

18652: 2102:

Aristotle suggested that the reason for anything coming about can be attributed to four different types of simultaneously active factors. His term

6227: 26278: 26193: 23102: 18287: 13870: 12973: 5828:. Dante even acknowledges Aristotle's influence explicitly in the poem, specifically when Virgil justifies the Inferno's structure by citing the 5521:

acroamatic doctrines; for in what shall I surpass other men if those doctrines wherein I have been trained are to be all men's common property?"

924:. Aristotle conducted courses at the school for the next twelve years. While in Athens, his wife Pythias died and Aristotle became involved with 20234: 14761: 13405: 9365: 6715:

That these dates (the first half of the Olympiad year 384/383 BC, and in 322 shortly before the death of Demosthenes) are correct was shown by

7887: 26208: 4944: 1378:, or the stuff of which it is composed. For example, the matter of a house is the bricks, stones, timbers, etc., or whatever constitutes the 10763: 6532: 3390:

iii 3, Aristotle ascribes the ability to create, to store, and to recall images in the absence of perception to the faculty of imagination,

2534:, and also with body mass, so that elephants live longer than mice, have a longer period of gestation, and are heavier. As a final example, 17711: 13371: 11000: 10060: 6845:

Drabkin agrees that density is treated quantitatively in this passage, but without a sharp definition of density as weight per unit volume.

6350: 1031:, at which occasion he was said to have stated: "I will not allow the Athenians to sin twice against philosophy" – a reference to Athens's 5240:

both as a property of a work of art and also as the product of the artist's intention and contends that the audience's realisation of the

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could come to bear the departed soul of Richard Nixon. Aristotle regards this sort of view as worthy of ridicule." See Shields, C. 2016.

4765: 10806: 5845:(considered to be the foremost intellectual figure of medieval Judaism) adopted Aristotelianism from the Islamic scholars and based his 4685: 26218: 24702: 21024: 20665: 19369: 11270: 10992: 20201: 11740: 11252: 11235: 9731: 9610:

A World of Beasts: A Thirteenth-Century Illustrated Arabic Book on Animals (the Kitāb Na't al-Ḥayawān) in the Ibn Bakhtīshū' Tradition

6082:

Aristotle wrote his works on papyrus scrolls, the common writing medium of that era. His writings are divisible into two groups: the "

2021:; floating depends in Archimedes' scheme on the mass and volume of the object, not, as Aristotle thought, its elementary composition. 877:, either Hermias's adoptive daughter or niece. They had a daughter, whom they also named Pythias. In 343 BC, Aristotle was invited by 814: 26213: 19469: 17978: 14939: 14513: 2453:, too, noted these sorts of differences between similar kinds of animal, but unlike Aristotle used the data to come to the theory of 2299:

lends its name to the modern study of meteorology, but its modern usage diverges from the content of Aristotle's ancient treatise on

728: 2462:

that accidents could lead to orderly results. To put his views into modern terms, he nowhere says that different species can have a

1318:. Aristotle called it "first philosophy", and distinguished it from mathematics and natural science (physics) as the contemplative ( 21209: 19231: 11004: 10433:

Aristotle (1885). "On the Nicomachean Ethics, in relation to the other Ethical Writings included among the Works of Aristotle". In

5343:

that the things that lead to happiness need to be in women as well as men. Aristotle, like other Greek philosophers such Plato and

4855: 2457:. Aristotle's writings can seem to modern readers close to implying evolution, but while Aristotle was aware that new mutations or 18579: 9281: 5794:, working from Moerbeke's translations and calling Aristotle "The Philosopher", the demand for Aristotle's writings grew, and the 2445:(which live in marshes with soft mud and live by catching fish) have a long neck, long legs, and a sharp spear-like beak, whereas 22167: 21817: 21119: 19507: 17743: 9346:"the father of criticism": Nagendra Prasad, Personal Bias in Literary Criticism: Dr. Johnson, Matthew Arnold, T.S. Eliot, p. 70. 5360: 1370:(Book VII), and he concludes that a particular substance is a combination of both matter and form, a philosophical theory called 10975: 5257: 3715:

As Plato's disciple Aristotle was rather critical concerning democracy and, following the outline of certain ideas from Plato's

26168: 26143: 21238: 18265: 18031: 15536: 11063:. Translated by Ernest Barker and revised with introduction and notes by R.F. Stalley (1st ed.). Oxford University Press. 2634:). He recognised that animals did not exactly fit into a linear scale, and noted various exceptions, such as that sharks had a 1508: 13268: 9016: 26188: 26183: 26153: 21226: 19474: 16568: 15736: 14064: 13983: 13937: 13878: 13817: 13798: 13724: 13706: 13603: 13571: 13444: 13415: 13349: 13202: 13097: 13076: 13055: 12992: 12953: 12886: 12848: 12726: 12704: 12683: 12661: 12627: 12606: 12480: 12458: 12436: 12410: 12387: 12343: 12257: 12199: 12180: 12153: 12112: 12071: 11941: 11896: 11869: 11843: 11817: 11796: 11775: 11756: 11729: 11706: 11685: 11664: 11558: 11338: 11317: 11280: 11224: 11203: 11179: 11153: 11068: 11049: 10736: 10712: 10693: 10611: 10073: 10042: 9916: 9883: 7026: 6134:, which also ended the royal library ambitions, the existence of Aristotelian library was disclosed, and it was purchased by 5058: 904:. During Aristotle's time in the Macedonian court, he gave lessons not only to Alexander but also to two other future kings: 9943: 26148: 24090: 18645: 16668: 16588: 15062: 14091: 11430: 6907:

1102a26–27. Aristotle himself never uses the term "esoteric" or "acroamatic". For other passages where Aristotle speaks of

5351:, believing that it could lead people to become immoral due to the fact that he believed it went against nature's purpose. 13918:

Loux, Michael J. (1991). Primary Ousia: An Essay on Aristotle's Metaphysics Ζ and Η. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

3777:'s view, anticipated later proponents of private property among philosophers and economists, as it related to the overall 2056:

push the ball along to make it continue to rise even though the hand is no longer acting on it, resulting in the Medieval

682:

beginning in 343 BC. He established a library in the Lyceum, which helped him to produce many of his hundreds of books on

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The first equation can be read as 'It is not true that there exists an x such that x is a man and that x is not mortal.'

6217:, too, is a celebrated work, showing the knowing philosopher and the blind Homer from an earlier age: as the art critic 26363: 26318: 26238: 24712: 24402: 24095: 24029: 22527: 20227: 19913: 18614: 15423: 10253: 9543: 9492: 6077: 5666: 5385:

wrote that "an account of Aristotle's intellectual afterlife would be little less than a history of European thought".

5131: 2552: 2538:

decreases with lifespan, so long-lived kinds like elephants have fewer young in total than short-lived kinds like mice.

1296:(methods of logical argument), Aristotle himself would have labelled "analytics". The term "logic" he reserved to mean 12896: 12306: 8493:

407b14–27. Christopher Shields summarizes it thus: "We might think that an old leather-bound edition of Machiavelli's

3846: 26298: 26223: 26203: 26163: 24100: 24075: 22232: 22127: 18130: 16859: 15548: 15097: 14363: 13844: 10434: 10217: 9335: 8193: 6666: 5438: 5424: 5406: 11675: 5934:, and allows it to handle a wider class of problems by expanding propositions of any number of terms, not just two. 5677: 2398:

Aristotle reports on the sea-life visible from observation on Lesbos and the catches of fishermen. He describes the

26353: 26323: 26313: 26178: 26173: 25909: 24658: 24085: 24080: 21897: 20347: 20196: 19863: 18678: 18456: 18277: 16771: 14978: 14624: 11432:

The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life

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period increases. He was correct in these predictions, at least for mammals: data are shown for mouse and elephant.

802: 656: 337: 26006: 22522: 14473: 12143: 8443:

I.3 406b26-407a10. For some scholarship, see Carter, Jason W. 2017. 'Aristotle's Criticism of Timaean Psychology'

5184:(speeches calling on an audience to make a decision on an issue). Aristotle also outlines two kinds of rhetorical 3661:

In addition to his works on ethics, which address the individual, Aristotle addressed the city in his work titled

2017:

corrected Aristotle's theory that bodies move towards their natural resting places; metal boats can float if they

1531:) a plant, and if it is not prevented by something, it will become a plant. Potentially, beings can either 'act' ( 24552: 24412: 24407: 23684: 22512: 20853: 20704: 19618: 19464: 18638: 18619: 18598: 16518: 15003: 14106: 13455: 4974: 4939: 2048:, who argues that Aristotle's physics of motion is correct within its domain of validity, that of objects in the 1882:

Aristotle describes two kinds of motion: "violent" or "unnatural motion", such as that of a thrown stone, in the

478: 13757: 13245: 754:

Aristotle was revered among medieval Muslim scholars as "The First Teacher", and among medieval Christians like

119: 26378: 26338: 26283: 25936: 24577: 23991: 23088: 22054: 21907: 20793: 19982: 19444: 19309: 18521: 17727: 15673: 15343: 14593: 9875: 9168: 6213: 1877: 9343:"the father of realism": Russell L. Hamm, Philosophy and Education: Alternatives in Theory and Practice, p. 58 26383: 26358: 26343: 26288: 26263: 25931: 25488: 24981: 24497: 24417: 24115: 23825: 22597: 22567: 22152: 22094: 21967: 21189: 20220: 20124: 20054: 19713: 19190: 18969: 18931: 18881: 18258: 17971: 17544: 16961: 16374: 16284: 16259: 16170: 15602: 15455: 15368: 14619: 14506: 13738: 13681: 11370: 11008: 10995: 9806:

Leon Simon, Aspects Of The Hebrew Genius: A Volume Of Essays On Jewish Literature And Thought (1910), p. 127.

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manuscripts returned to the West, stimulating a revival of Aristotelianism in Europe that continued into the

5509: 5028: 2506:, he finds a fertilized hen's egg of a suitable stage and opens it to see the embryo's heart beating inside. 929: 550: 223: 5930:. This gives logic a mathematical foundation with equations, enables it to solve equations as well as check 1607:

carries a different meaning than that covered by the term "scientific method". For Aristotle, "all science (

26398: 26373: 26328: 26243: 25904: 24433: 23887: 22347: 21992: 21987: 21681: 20719: 20352: 19595: 19439: 19339: 17791: 17751: 17664: 16703: 15809: 15460: 14841: 13676:

Code, Alan (1995). Potentiality in Aristotle's Science and Metaphysics, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 76.

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historical justice to Aristotle, until one remembers what an advance he made upon all of his predecessors.

5250: 5018: 1968: 1658: 1480: 1387: 22427: 9758:, Canto IV, lines 115-16 trans., 131 original, Robert Pinksky translation (1994); note to line, p.384 26393: 26388: 26253: 26228: 24959: 24567: 24443: 24105: 24059: 24014: 23790: 23479: 22247: 22192: 22007: 22002: 21787: 20059: 19500: 19180: 19130: 18329: 18142: 17423: 16578: 13831: 11857: 7249: 6357: 6218: 5662: 4865: 2366:

and the surrounding seas, including in particular the Pyrrha lagoon in the centre of Lesbos. His data in

25498: 13292: 9107: 5904:, establishing new theories based to some degree on observation and experiment. Harvey demonstrated the 26403: 26268: 25997: 25620: 25493: 24626: 24621: 24597: 24507: 24024: 23122: 22562: 22207: 22172: 20672: 20332: 20166: 19858: 19570: 19319: 19059: 18939: 18670: 18608: 18299: 17719: 16683: 16149: 15764: 15529: 15082: 14701: 13781: 12428: 12335: 10987: 8185: 6609: 1844: 1683: 1468: 1419:, like the ideal form of an apple. For Aristotle, both matter and form belong to the individual thing ( 1192: 424: 364: 31: 20989: 9971: 2249: 26423: 26413: 26258: 26158: 26107: 25978: 25921: 24877: 24680: 24665: 24587: 24522: 23842: 23737: 23211: 23145: 23034: 22237: 21036: 20979: 20564: 20191: 19404: 19004: 18911: 18751: 18353: 18334: 18243: 17910: 16419: 16254: 15874: 15729: 15445: 14154: 14130: 11291: 10568: 6885:"Where, as among the Lacedaemonians, the state of women is bad, almost half of human life is spoilt." 5623: 5619: 5339:. However, Aristotle gave equal weight to women's happiness as he did to men's, and commented in his 4775: 3907: 3721:, he developed a coherent theory of integrating various forms of power into a so-called mixed state: 1763: 1736: 1671: 1667: 1590: 24489: 24469: 23667: 23325: 13622:

Albany: SUNY Press. A contribution to our understanding of how to read Aristotle's scientific works.

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Ogilvie, Brian W. (2010). "Zoology". In Grafton, Anthony; Most, Glenn W.; Settis, Salvatore (eds.).

5920:

fully accepted Aristotle's logic, but decided "to go under, over, and beyond" it with his system of

3340:

Senses, perception, memory, dreams, action in Aristotle's psychology. Impressions are stored in the

1635:

and Aristotle illustrated with a burning log. The log releases all four elements as it is destroyed.

26408: 26273: 26128: 24675: 24638: 24572: 24238: 24125: 22477: 21877: 20141: 20029: 20014: 20006: 19888: 19329: 18363: 17964: 17926: 17413: 17070: 16826: 16693: 16628: 15693: 15582: 15024: 14499: 13620:

An Approach to Aristotle's Physics: With Particular Attention to the Role of His Manner of Writing.

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Politics-Ethics, In Early Economic Thought: Selections from Economic Literature Prior to Adam Smith

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reportedly denounced Aristotle for impiety, prompting him to flee to his mother's family estate in

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The Math Book: From Pythagoras to the 57th Dimension, 250 Milestones in the History of Mathematics

12230: 3277: 25958: 25082: 24882: 24867: 24670: 24653: 24633: 24602: 24502: 24438: 24054: 24039: 24009: 23970: 23847: 23699: 23201: 22532: 22437: 21857: 21777: 21194: 20783: 20694: 20109: 18974: 18901: 18756: 18504: 18196: 18053: 16558: 16488: 16369: 16154: 15834: 15688: 15637: 14905: 14846: 14813: 14303: 14144: 14120: 13552: 11548: 11090: 9384:"the father of individualism": Allan Gotthelf, Gregory Salmieri, A Companion to Ayn Rand, p. 325. 9355: 9263:* "the father of logic": Wentzel Van Huyssteen, Encyclopedia of Science and Religion: A-I, p. 27 6562: 6300: 6167: 5966: 5847: 4715: 4068: 3897: 3357: 3349: 2458: 1790: 1675: 1309: 1088: 987: 893: 420: 159: 65: 21591: 14357: 11953:"Was Tinbergen an Aristotelian? Comparison of Tinbergen's Four Whys and Aristotle's Four Causes" 11298:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 10665: 9369: 9081: 6448:"That most enduring of romantic images, Aristotle tutoring the future conqueror Alexander". 1866 26138: 26133: 25916: 24919: 24690: 24648: 24582: 24547: 23999: 23983: 23679: 23620: 23469: 23464: 22662: 22252: 22197: 22157: 21184: 21164: 21014: 20684: 20312: 20034: 19883: 19698: 19550: 19493: 19220: 19064: 18999: 18661: 18594: 18446: 18394: 18311: 17403: 17004: 16956: 16430: 16324: 16304: 16181: 16109: 16054: 15977: 15759: 15703: 14998: 14884: 14861: 14788: 14684: 13385: 11996: 11907: 11807: 11399: 10454: 9347: 6539: 6519: 5530: 5124: 4959: 4835: 4825: 4745: 4182: 3971: 3119: 2515: 2336: 1157: 1067: 912:. Aristotle encouraged Alexander toward eastern conquest, and Aristotle's own attitude towards 806: 790: 659:, died when Aristotle was a child, and he was brought up by a guardian. At 17 or 18, he joined 644: 414: 91: 22702: 21051: 14460: 12449:(1996). "Adversaries and Authorities: Investigations into ancient Greek and Chinese science". 12000: 9509: 1035:. He died in Chalcis, Euboea of natural causes later that same year, having named his student 26095: 26035: 25968: 25197: 25187: 25177: 25162: 24852: 24592: 24562: 24517: 24512: 24143: 24110: 23912: 23817: 23803: 23459: 23330: 23294: 22697: 22407: 22302: 22120: 21338: 21293: 21104: 20699: 20130: 20119: 19623: 19195: 19175: 19110: 18994: 18776: 18471: 18375: 18370: 18306: 18233: 17783: 17775: 17703: 17659: 17021: 17016: 16911: 16618: 16528: 16399: 16089: 16034: 16029: 15987: 15915: 15849: 15779: 15678: 15663: 15607: 15522: 15112: 15107: 15087: 14889: 14602: 14337: 14273: 12876: 12377: 11512: 11012: 10798: 10065: 9325: 8447:

5: 51–78 and Douglas R. Campbell. 2022. "Located in Space: Plato's Theory of Psychic Motion"

6785: 5852: 5630: 5489: 5181: 5003: 4914: 4845: 4705: 4464: 4327: 4242: 4139: 3919: 3314: 2568:), like a higher animal; this formed an exception to the linear scale from highest to lowest. 2374: 2307:

and volcanic eruptions. Aristotle proposed that the cause of earthquakes was a gas or vapor (

2232: 2201: 2195: 2130: 1428: 453: 403: 354: 21154: 14293: 14288: 12082: 11102: 10601: 9959:. translated by Hardie, R. P. and Gayle, R. K. and hosted by MIT's Internet Classics Archive 5582:) would remain central to biological thought essentially until the 18th and 19th centuries. 5236:("imitation"), each varying in imitation by medium, object, and manner. He applies the term 836:

At the age of seventeen or eighteen, Aristotle moved to Athens to continue his education at

26293: 25440: 25434: 25420: 24904: 24862: 24834: 24719: 24532: 23762: 23558: 22602: 22577: 22557: 22537: 22382: 21847: 21727: 21496: 21303: 21144: 21071: 20763: 20724: 20709: 20243: 20079: 20019: 19818: 19723: 19359: 19269: 19068: 19029: 18761: 18451: 18404: 18171: 18060: 17900: 17040: 17030: 17011: 16989: 16951: 16889: 16801: 16764: 16726: 16663: 16124: 16099: 16024: 15722: 15668: 15622: 15201: 15102: 15092: 15057: 14955: 14934: 14823: 14313: 14074: 9340:"the father of psychology": Margot Esther Borden, Psychology in the Light of the East, p. 4 9315: 8211:"From Aristotle to Contemporary Biological Classification: What Kind of Category is "Sex"?" 6599: 6571: 6199: 6150: 5328: 5145: 4909: 4899: 4695: 4469: 4429: 4172: 3857: 3757: 3746: 3717: 3663: 3656: 3627: 2639: 2638:

like the tetrapods. To a modern biologist, the explanation, not available to Aristotle, is

2213: 2177: 1640: 1149: 1121: 999: 878: 841: 810: 720: 704: 675: 393: 388: 180: 173: 22632: 21318: 17564: 14352: 14268: 13503: 6936:", (Google translation: "Aristotle will come pouring forth a golden stream of eloquence"). 6855:

fall at different speeds from an aeroplane, confirming Aristotle's theory, not Galileo's."

6207:, where the figures of Plato and Aristotle are central to the image, at the architectural 5265: 2590:

to hot and wet creatures, the lowest laid cold, dry mineral-like eggs. Animals came above

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The Works of Aristotle Translated into English Under the Editorship of W.D. Ross, 12 vols

13434: 13264: 12287: 12268: 10782: 10438: 10101: 7828:. Translated by Lee, H.D.P. (Loeb Classical Library ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: 6553: 6443: 6252: 6126: 6004: 5926: 5900:

in Italy reacted against the theories of Aristotle and other classical era thinkers like

5778: 5513: 5270: 5213: 5008: 4964: 4954: 4949: 4805: 4479: 4144: 4012: 3581: 3361: 3345: 2594:, and these in turn were above minerals. He grouped what the modern zoologist would call 2380: 2303:. The ancient Greeks did use the term for a range of atmospheric phenomena, but also for 2231:

and the earth screens none of them." He also wrote descriptions of comets, including the

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The secondary literature on Aristotle is vast. The following is only a small selection.

12514: 12019: 9780: 7823: 6068:, Berlin, 1831–1870), which in turn is based on ancient classifications of these works. 2311:) that was trapped inside the earth and trying to escape, following other Greek authors 938:– an uncritical compilation from the Middle Ages – is accurate, he may also have had an 26233: 26123: 25788: 25685: 25591: 25235: 25152: 25040: 24542: 24366: 23882: 23862: 23719: 23590: 23474: 23269: 23196: 23004: 22979: 22836: 22826: 22782: 22622: 22517: 22507: 22337: 22136: 22049: 22044: 22027: 22022: 21491: 20999: 20936: 19972: 19962: 19733: 19638: 19259: 19155: 19150: 19074: 19049: 18851: 18836: 18801: 18528: 18436: 18399: 18382: 18270: 18019: 17865: 17860: 17695: 17634: 17504: 17092: 16999: 16984: 16936: 16884: 16698: 16688: 16458: 16448: 15952: 15864: 15587: 15545: 15478: 15388: 15215: 15138: 14924: 14869: 14808: 14771: 14672: 14546: 14278: 13665: 13355: 13229: 13159: 13032: 13014: 12978: 12827: 12811: 12558: 12533: 12373: 12353: 12210: 11972: 11930: 11718: 11616: 11604: 11532: 11495: 11417: 10652: 9163: 8375: 8326: 8287: 8240: 6920: 6503: 6115: 6091: 6051: 6045: 6040: 6012: 5996: 5984: 5867: 5834:. Dante famously refers to him as "he / Who is acknowledged Master of those who know". 5830: 5722: 5646: 5477: 5467: 5154:

proposes that a speaker can use three basic kinds of appeals to persuade his audience:

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of plants, animals, and humans, making humans unique in having all three types of soul.

3061: 2915: 2368: 2244: 2074: 1580:(or ideas) and descends to knowledge of particular imitations of these. Aristotle uses 1185: 1133: 1127: 1079: 993: 921: 873:

and zoology of the island and its sheltered lagoon. While in Lesbos, Aristotle married

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See, e.g., Douglas R. Campbell, "Located in Space: Plato's Theory of Psychic Motion,"

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states that there was "nothing of any real consequence in biology after Lucretius and

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reappeared in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries, apparently sponsored by

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Aristotle did not do experiments in the modern sense. He used the ancient Greek term

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Woods, M. J. (1991b). "Universals and Particular Forms in Aristotle's Metaphysics".

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M is the Middle (here, Men), S is the Subject (Greeks), P is the Predicate (mortal).

6566:, the existence of a landmass in the southern high-latitude region, which he called 6560:

are named after Aristotle. He was the first person known to conjecture, in his book

6259:

shows Aristotle in a medieval scholar's clothing. Ink and watercolour on paper, 1493

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Among many pioneering zoological observations, Aristotle described the reproductive

770:. Aristotle's influence on logic continued well into the 19th century. In addition, 26083: 25793: 25325: 25290: 25107: 24964: 24842: 24729: 24724: 24049: 24004: 23835: 23742: 23358: 23191: 23176: 23166: 23054: 23024: 22989: 22946: 22906: 22866: 22856: 22821: 22806: 22762: 22742: 22717: 22587: 22572: 22417: 22257: 22113: 22017: 21947: 21717: 21636: 21631: 21556: 21531: 21476: 21466: 21456: 21426: 21406: 21396: 21263: 21258: 21216: 21159: 20956: 20639: 20634: 20609: 20554: 20529: 20044: 19688: 19585: 19289: 19200: 19024: 19019: 18821: 18478: 18426: 18411: 18216: 18110: 17890: 17815: 17799: 17629: 17614: 17559: 17338: 17120: 17087: 17082: 16979: 16879: 16816: 16796: 16788: 16364: 16349: 16329: 16129: 15941: 15884: 15647: 15333: 15191: 15034: 14874: 14706: 14667: 14661: 14562: 14446: 14410: 13971: 13657: 13401: 13337: 13276: 13241: 13221: 13024: 12831: 12803: 12745: 12553: 12545: 12168: 11984: 11884: 11641: 11600: 11524: 11491: 11460: 11421: 11409: 11247: 10634: 10205: 10136: 10124: 9614: 9293: 8365: 8271: 8222: 6634: 6579: 6362: 6204: 6183: 5992: 5958: 5931: 5790: 5693: 5579: 5505: 5411: 5088: 5033: 4919: 4589: 4415: 4134: 4051: 4044: 3912: 3770: 3057: 2531: 2522: 2482: 2386: 1836: 1351: 963: 955: 837: 825: 664: 652: 346: 130: 21621: 12002:

The British Flora: Comprising the Phaenogamous, Or Flowering Plants, and the Ferns

11809:

Philosophie, Wissenschaften, Technik. Philosophie (Doxographica [Forts. ])

10941: 9588: 9266:"the father of biology": S. C. Datt, S. B. Srivastava, Science and society, p. 93. 5442:, a pioneering work in botany. Some of his technical terms remain in use, such as 5172:(an appeal to logical reasoning). He also categorizes rhetoric into three genres: 3865: 2441:

He notes that an animal's structure is well matched to function so birds like the

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Levi ben Gershom, The Wars of the Lord: Book one, Immortality of the soul, p. 35.

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seized Athens in 86 BC, he seized the library and transferred it to Rome. There,

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as "animals without blood". Those with blood were divided into the live-bearing (

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have been lost, but two books on plants by his pupil Theophrastus have survived.

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Though Aristotle wrote many treatises and dialogues for publication, only around

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Evans, Nancy (2006). "Diotima and Demeter as Mystagogues in Plato's Symposium".

10204:. Novartis Foundation Symposia. Vol. 222. pp. 5–18, discussion 18–23. 8370: 8353: 2521:

From the data he collected and documented, Aristotle inferred quite a number of

2486:

Aristotle inferred growth laws from his observations on animals, including that

636:

tradition that followed, which set the groundwork for the development of modern

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Handbook of Greek Philosophy: From Thales to the Stoics Analysis and Fragments

13591:

These translations are available in several places online; see External links.

13341: 13212:

Staley, Kevin (1989). "Al-Kindi on Creation: Aristotle's Challenge to Islam".

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Miller, Willard M. (1973). "Aristotle on Necessity, Chance, and Spontaneity".

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Deep Homology?: Uncanny Similarities of Humans and Flies Uncovered by Evo-Devo

10209: 9618: 8275: 7036: 6486:

Roman copy of 117-138 AD of Greek original. Palermo Regional Archeology Museum

5738: 3670: 2502:

to mean observations, or at most investigative procedures like dissection. In

1507:

Aristotle argued that a capability like playing the flute could be acquired –

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The Graeco-Arabic Translation Movement in Baghdad and Early 'Abbasaid Society

9305: 9024: 8322: 8283: 8236: 6716: 6587: 6472: 6023: 6019: 5971: 5825: 5819: 5803: 5785: 5370:, "it is doubtful whether any human being has ever known as much as he did". 5348: 5185: 5098: 5083: 4934: 4735: 4594: 4569: 4534: 4381: 4349: 3880: 3870: 2879: 2652: 2582: 2547: 2431: 2274: 2045: 1083: 775: 763: 744: 533: 374: 22647: 15501: 14356: 14238: 13425: 13381: 12357: 12010: 9608: 9510:"The Reception of Aristotelian Science in Early Islam: A Historical Account" 8259: 3310: 1322:) philosophy which is "theological" and studies the divine. He wrote in his 1108: 25743: 25695: 25561: 25415: 25285: 24924: 24760: 24266: 24228: 23927: 23019: 23014: 23009: 22999: 22936: 22926: 22876: 22831: 22737: 22642: 22472: 22457: 22342: 22262: 22227: 22202: 22187: 21977: 21661: 21651: 21641: 21506: 21501: 21441: 21416: 21386: 21381: 21288: 21283: 21129: 21009: 20743: 20679: 20549: 20539: 20534: 20453: 20443: 20387: 20277: 20147: 20103: 19868: 19813: 19683: 19603: 19537: 19170: 19165: 19120: 19079: 18989: 18891: 18846: 18841: 18811: 18796: 18791: 18516: 18248: 18238: 18184: 18179: 18026: 17880: 17823: 17654: 17649: 17644: 17619: 17589: 17323: 17196: 17130: 17125: 17060: 16916: 16901: 16658: 16424: 16359: 16249: 16159: 16009: 15879: 15789: 15769: 15572: 15514: 15440: 15166: 14711: 14654: 14636: 14434: 14430: 13862: 12823: 12567: 12549: 12494: 12314: 12134: 12087: 11973:"Aristotle on Dreaming: What Goes on in Sleep when the 'Big Fire' goes out" 11474: 11303: 11261: 11107: 10648: 10227: 10169: 10141: 8338: 6747: 6724: 6111: 5917: 5889: 5807: 5650: 5433: 5419: 5402: 5374: 5078: 5023: 4624: 4410: 4265: 4234: 4102: 3783: 3320: 2953: 2643: 2599: 2423: 2403: 2346: 2117: 2087: 2078:

Aristotle argued by analogy with woodwork that a thing takes its form from

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Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics & Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre

1279: 674:). Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of 25763: 25655: 25635: 25463: 24971: 24949: 24939: 24934: 24857: 24814: 24361: 24271: 24261: 24148: 24138: 23902: 23279: 23254: 23069: 22955: 22941: 22921: 22722: 22707: 22682: 22667: 22657: 22422: 22272: 21676: 21671: 21606: 21601: 21451: 21323: 21278: 21268: 21061: 21056: 20994: 20931: 20714: 20689: 20614: 20574: 20544: 20519: 20499: 20478: 20458: 20438: 20428: 20397: 20262: 20069: 20064: 19843: 19773: 19748: 19743: 19673: 19648: 19565: 19414: 19379: 19299: 19125: 18916: 18856: 18741: 18726: 18630: 18421: 18206: 18156: 18077: 17579: 17383: 17160: 16821: 16414: 16334: 16264: 16214: 15992: 15920: 15899: 15854: 15819: 15774: 15745: 15597: 15592: 15577: 15316: 15156: 15146: 14851: 14648: 14614: 13765:, Volume 1: Books I & II; Volume 2: Book III. The Focusing Institute. 12594: 11544: 11465: 11448: 11360:(1874). "Book II, chapter XXXVIII, § 119". In Reid, James S. (ed.). 11253:

10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(19990415)257:2<58::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-I

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Redescriptions: Political Thought, Conceptual History and Feminist Theory

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Aristotle's Philosophy of Biology: Studies in the Origins of Life Science

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After a hiatus of several centuries, formal commentary by Eustratius and

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Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre

13028: 10193: 9911:. Shelton, Connecticut: People's Medical Publishing House. p. 118. 8330: 8306: 3902: 25700: 25670: 25665: 25650: 25536: 25503: 25172: 25142: 24809: 24537: 24371: 24213: 24208: 24198: 24183: 24168: 24158: 24133: 23509: 23264: 23219: 22542: 22462: 22432: 22059: 21867: 21767: 21616: 21536: 21308: 21199: 21041: 20984: 20961: 20926: 20875: 20865: 20833: 20778: 20604: 20584: 20509: 20473: 20377: 20362: 20287: 20212: 20176: 19873: 19833: 19828: 19419: 19210: 19054: 19009: 18886: 18861: 18786: 18721: 17639: 17609: 17604: 17584: 17534: 17445: 17303: 17246: 17206: 17201: 16971: 16894: 16548: 16274: 16239: 16189: 16074: 15972: 15859: 15784: 15698: 15272: 15238: 14608: 14541: 14470: 14168: 14021: 13669: 13233: 12815: 12807: 12671: 12645: 11827: 9272:

the "father of zoology": Josef Rudolf Winkler, A Book of Beetles, p. 12

8354:"Phylogenetic signal in characters from Aristotle's History of Animals" 6976: 6974: 6972: 6788:

is "essentially a direct reply to Aristotle, that the natural state is

6754: 6557: 5946: 5842: 5602:

Through meticulous commentaries and critical engagements, figures like

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One and Many in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Volume 1: Books Alpha – Delta

13717:

Aristotle's Empiricism: Experience and Mechanics in the 4th century BC

12963:

Robbins, Lionel (2000). Medema, Steven G.; Samuels, Warren J. (eds.).

12538:

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

10748:"Aristotelis Opera edidit Academia Regia Borussica Aristoteles graece" 10623:"Discovery of the cardiovascular system: from Galen to William Harvey" 9275:"the father of embryology": D.R. Khanna, Text Book Of Embryology, p. 2 9138: 8996: 6750:, with all three terms in 'a', is known by the traditional (medieval) 5230:, painting, sculpture, music, and dance are all fundamentally acts of 25675: 25601: 25586: 25556: 25551: 25483: 25407: 25392: 25377: 25320: 25220: 24872: 24804: 24376: 24356: 24326: 24321: 24316: 24281: 24276: 24246: 24193: 23932: 23798: 23752: 23732: 23363: 23234: 22732: 22627: 22332: 22105: 21757: 21696: 21253: 20896: 20823: 20729: 20649: 20644: 20569: 20524: 20504: 20483: 20468: 20448: 20433: 20297: 20257: 19903: 19768: 19451: 19160: 19100: 18979: 18959: 18711: 18686: 17855: 17767: 17499: 17378: 17288: 17261: 17241: 17186: 17055: 16864: 16708: 16673: 16653: 16084: 16014: 15967: 15930: 15869: 15799: 15642: 15433: 15250: 15228: 15186: 15052: 15047: 15042: 14993: 14983: 14746: 14724: 14695: 14587: 13921:

Maso, Stefano (Ed.), Natali, Carlo (Ed.), Seel, Gerhard (Ed.) (2012)

13754: 11536: 9824:

Menachem Kellner, Maimonides on Judaism and the Jewish People, p. 77.

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One and Many in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Volume 2: The Central Books

13661: 13225: 12794:

Morsink, Johannes (Spring 1979). "Was Aristotle's Biology Sexist?".

10768:

Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. United States Geological Survey

7528: 7526: 6969: 6118:). After the death of Theophrastus, the peripatetic library went to 3233: 2646:

view justified his observed data as an expression of formal design.

2273:

was too slow to be observed in one person's lifetime. The geologist

1374:. In Book VIII, he distinguishes the matter of the substance as the 1228:

is not conventionally included, but it states that it relies on the

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Historia animalium - The works of Aristotle translated into English

12163:

Kennedy-Day, Kiki (1998). "Aristotelianism in Islamic philosophy".

11528: 10404: 8809: 8807: 7667: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7659: 7632: 7456: 6751: 6583: 6523: 6468: 6336: 6107: 6087: 6083: 6016: 6008: 5766: 5744: 5713: 5701: 5697: 5607: 5497: 5451: 5344: 5332: 5286: 4386: 4364: 4282: 4088: 4074: 3885: 3875: 3838: 3806: 3762: 3602: 3419: 3411: 3373: 2975: 2911: 2808: 2635: 2565: 2511: 2427: 2407: 2182: 1891: 1432: 1040: 976: 967: 940: 643:

Little is known about Aristotle's life. He was born in the city of

617: 609: 589: 516: 464: 292: 287: 69: 25478: 17956: 14491: 14415: 13181:(2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 54. 13019: 12030: 11571:

Aristotle in the Ancient Biographical Tradition. By Ingemar Düring

10606:. Translated by Temple, Olivia; Temple, Robert. Penguin Classics. 9082:"Aristotle: A Complete Overview of His Life, Work, and Philosophy" 9062: 8756: 8501:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The quotation is from page 133. 8464:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The quotation is from page 189. 7868: 7776: 7694: 7692: 6998: 2181:, book 15. The apparatus consisted of a dark chamber with a small 1662:, Aristotle related each of the four elements proposed earlier by 928:

of Stagira. They had a son whom Aristotle named after his father,

25868: 25858: 25803: 25798: 25783: 25773: 25758: 25753: 25640: 25528: 25518: 25397: 25372: 25367: 25340: 25335: 25315: 25305: 25295: 25260: 25250: 25240: 25192: 25182: 25157: 25122: 25117: 25092: 24745: 24527: 24188: 24178: 23937: 23907: 23897: 23892: 23872: 23867: 23747: 23694: 23403: 23393: 23383: 23378: 23368: 23080: 23064: 22372: 22352: 22322: 22069: 21982: 20870: 20838: 20828: 20599: 20559: 20392: 20317: 20302: 20282: 20114: 19703: 19135: 18691: 17509: 17398: 17363: 17318: 17313: 17308: 17221: 17211: 16498: 16204: 16134: 16104: 16069: 16004: 15962: 15947: 15814: 15321: 15309: 14780: 14598: 9552: 8792: 7523: 7091: 6957: 6729: 6237: 6194:

over the centuries. Among the best-known depictions is Raphael's

6175: 5563: 5378: 5373:

Among countless other achievements, Aristotle was the founder of

5244:

is vital to understanding the work itself. Aristotle states that

5232: 4639: 4564: 4559: 4509: 4369: 4359: 4332: 4095: 4039: 3982: 3929: 3890: 3790:, Aristotle offers one of the earliest accounts of the origin of 3778: 3596:

Aristotle taught that virtue has to do with the proper function (

3188: 3124: 3052: 3027: 2838: 2770: 2627: 2623: 2611: 2415: 2399: 2350: 2300: 2266: 1517: 1359: 1220:). The first three treatises form the core of the logical theory 1208:, to the study of more complex forms, namely, syllogisms (in the 1144: 1116: 1103: 1028: 901: 874: 861:. After the death of Hermias, Aristotle travelled with his pupil 686: 683: 637: 498: 350: 146: 111: 25813: 25127: 19485: 14330: 12762:

Skepsis: A Journal for Philosophy and Interdisciplinary Research

10489: 10465: 10286: 9428: 8902: 8900: 8898: 8896: 8894: 8804: 8650: 8648: 8646: 8644: 8642: 8640: 7656: 7480: 6864:

For a different reading of social and economic processes in the

6801:

Leonard Susskind comments that Aristotle had clearly never gone

1886:(254b10), and "natural motion", such as of a falling object, in 25838: 25768: 25748: 25710: 25576: 25382: 25275: 25212: 25202: 25147: 24765: 24750: 24346: 24331: 24306: 24301: 24286: 23947: 23942: 23709: 23689: 23433: 23423: 23418: 23289: 23249: 23239: 23224: 22362: 22297: 20818: 20619: 20407: 20382: 20372: 20342: 20327: 20096: 19280:

An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language

19215: 17494: 17435: 17368: 17293: 17170: 16780: 16094: 16044: 15957: 15829: 14678: 13310:"The Story Behind Raphael's Masterpiece 'The School of Athens'" 12248:

Kukkonen, Taneli (2010). Grafton, Anthony; et al. (eds.).

11357: 10392: 9652: 8113: 7689: 7492: 7351: 6874:

Primitive, Archaic and Modern Economies: Essays of Karl Polanyi

6195: 6103: 6096: 5555: 5473: 5443: 5336: 5309: 5162: 5048: 5043: 4584: 4579: 4539: 4320: 4295: 4223: 4157: 4123: 4110: 4021: 3995: 3802: 3795: 3685:) which functions as a political "community" or "partnership" ( 3407: 3158: 3094: 2988: 2873: 2734: 2603: 2580:

in a graded scale of perfection, a nonreligious version of the

2573: 2557: 2392: 2363: 2168: 2007: 1863: 1782: 1451:

are based on, but is "instantiated" in a particular substance.

1204:

the analysis of propositions and their elementary relations in

870: 866: 629: 545: 528: 282: 272: 115: 15714: 14055:

The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy

13336:. Studies in Choice and Welfare. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 12423:(1968). "Aristotle: The Growth and Structure of His Thought". 11908:"Influence of Arabic and Islamic Philosophy on the Latin West" 10361: 10349: 8845: 8843: 8841: 8839: 7021:(Second ed.). Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc. 6872:

see Polanyi, Karl (1957) "Aristotle Discovers the Economy" in

6658: 6640: 3631:), often translated as moral or ethical virtue or excellence. 2598:

as the hotter "animals with blood", and below them the colder

2024:

Aristotle's writings on motion remained influential until the

1386:

house, namely 'covering for bodies and chattels' or any other

25848: 25823: 25720: 25660: 25645: 25513: 25473: 25225: 25137: 25132: 25102: 25097: 25072: 24755: 24296: 24251: 24203: 23775: 23727: 23428: 23398: 23345: 23320: 23259: 23229: 22327: 22287: 20848: 20337: 20272: 18701: 17474: 17464: 16599:

Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments

16194: 16144: 15428: 14730: 14717: 14630: 14575: 13993: 11788:

A history of Greek philosophy Vol. 6: Aristotle: An Encounter

10597: 10010: 9220: 9218: 9216: 9214: 8891: 8780: 8710: 8708: 8637: 6379: 6146: 5901: 5814: 5587: 5559: 5313: 5168: 5156: 4609: 4164: 4150: 3791: 3766: 3681: 3612: 3023: 2949: 2799: 2774: 2591: 2442: 2282: 2049: 1755: 1561: 1408: 1112: 660: 573: 541: 537: 267: 13562:

Ammonius (1991). Cohen, S. Marc; Matthews, Gareth B (eds.).

13124:

The Psychology of Aristotle: An Analysis of the Living Being

11862:

The Aesthetics of Mimesis: Ancient Texts and Modern Problems

11482:

Degnan, Michael (1994). "Recent Work in Aristotle's Logic".

10537: 10325: 8936: 8826: 8824: 8822: 8768: 8681: 8671: 8669: 8667: 8665: 8663: 7055: 6805:

or he would have seen that it takes force to stop an object.

6110:, after Aristotle's death, his library and writings went to 5472:

The immediate influence of Aristotle's work was felt as the

3697:

because of "fear of violent death" or its "inconveniences".

900:

Aristotle was appointed as the head of the royal Academy of

592:. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the 25853: 25828: 25778: 25265: 25255: 20843: 20267: 19853: 17736:

An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation

17514: 17430: 17276: 17271: 17231: 16139: 16119: 16114: 16039: 15997: 15982: 13436:

Dreamtime and dreamwork: Decoding the language of the night

12473:

The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of an Idea

10181: 9983: 9630: 9628: 9564: 9108:"How the ancient Greeks viewed pederasty and homosexuality" 8836: 8744: 8067: 8065: 7930: 7622: 7620: 7618: 7616: 7614: 7612: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7572: 7570: 7568: 7566: 7564: 7562: 7560: 7558: 7556: 6575: 5551: 5013: 3643: 3260: 3128: 2992: 2906: 2740: 2615: 2607: 2446: 1427:

Like his teacher Plato, Aristotle's philosophy aims at the

934: 520: 13107:

Shields, Christopher (2016). "Aristotle's Psychology". In

11390:

Corcoran, John (2009). "Aristotle's Demonstrative Logic".

10440:

The Ethics of Aristotle, Illustrated with Essays and Notes

10274: 10116: 9211: 9050: 8960: 8855: 8705: 6652: 20412: 20307: 17440: 16749: 13856:

Aristotle: Fundamentals of the History of His Development

13648:

Chappell, V. (1973). "Aristotle's Conception of Matter".

13498: 12860:"The Philosopher as Hero: Raphael's The School of Athens" 11751:. Vol. 14. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 71. 11507:. Translated by C. Dikshoorn. Princeton University Press. 11449:"Botany meets archaeology: people and plants in the past" 11330:

The Book of Memory: A Study of Memory in Medieval Culture

10797: 10082: 9144: 8819: 8660: 8589: 8541: 8398: 7906: 7728: 7140: 7138: 6980: 6945:

Compare the medieval tale of Phyllis and Alexander above.

6643: 6467:

Roman copy of 1st or 2nd century from original bronze by

5747:

Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from

5743:

With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early

5708:, who wrote on Aristotle in great depth, also influenced 3090: 1809: 12719:

Aristotle to Zoos: a philosophical dictionary of biology

12332:

Indianapolis Museum of Art: Highlights of the Collection

11832:

Aristotle's Way: How Ancient Wisdom Can Change Your Life

10746:

Aristoteles (31 January 2019) . Bekker, Immanuel (ed.).

10477: 10373: 10303: 10301: 10200:

Panchen, A. L. (1999). "Homology—History of a Concept".

10000: 9998: 9625: 9576: 9247: 9245: 8720: 8693: 8258:

Voultsiadou, Eleni; Vafidis, Dimitris (1 January 2007).

8161: 8062: 8050: 8026: 7966: 7942: 7918: 7677: 7603: 7553: 7444: 7399: 7397: 7395: 7315: 7291: 7229: 7193: 7171: 7169: 7167: 7165: 6022:

commented that he would be interested in the concept of

5991:, based on Aristotle's four causes, are used to analyse 5692:

Aristotle was one of the most revered thinkers in early

5599:

philosophy ignited the minds of early Islamic scholars.

16539:

A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge

13643:. Monuments of Western Thought. Vol. 1. Blaisdell. 10781: 10443:. Vol. 1 (4th ed.). Longmans, Green & Co. 9827: 9761: 9187: 8912: 8879: 8422: 8386: 8137: 7740: 7593: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7585: 7513: 7511: 7509: 7507: 7409: 7303: 7279: 7004: 6166:

Aristotle has been depicted by major artists including

3674:

Aristotle's classifications of political constitutions.

13996:(1979). Allen, Harold Joseph; Wilbur, James B (eds.). 13953:

Owen, G. E. L. (1965c). "The Platonism of Aristotle".

13930:

Proceedings of the International ESAP-HYELE Conference

11089: 10123:

Rigato, Emanuele; Minelli, Alessandro (28 June 2013).

9746:, Canto XI, lines 70–115, Mandelbaum translation. 9664: 9464: 9404: 9392: 8625: 8613: 8601: 8260:"Marine invertebrate diversity in Aristotle's zoology" 8101: 7644: 7468: 7339: 7135: 7125: 7123: 7110: 7108: 7106: 7067: 6963: 6114:(Aristotle's successor as head of the Lycaeum and the 3406:

Aristotle's practical philosophy covers areas such as

25995: 13161:

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology

12531: 10298: 10175: 9995: 9909:

The heart's vortex: intracardiac blood flow phenomena

9839: 9440: 9242: 9230: 9199: 9038: 8867: 8577: 8565: 7990: 7543: 7541: 7392: 7267: 7162: 6667: 6646: 5712:

and other Western Christian scholastic philosophers.

5262:

The Blind Oedipus Commending his Children to the Gods

1971: 1905: 14034:

Substances and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics

13680:

Cohen, S. Marc; Reeve, C. D. C. (21 November 2020).

11515:(1938). "Notes on the Laws of Motion in Aristotle". 11236:"Aristotle: Form, function, and comparative anatomy" 10549: 10313: 10262: 9900: 9688: 9452: 9416: 9175: 8984: 8553: 8529: 8517: 8410: 8089: 8077: 8014: 8002: 7978: 7582: 7504: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7428: 7426: 7424: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7205: 7181: 6986: 6923:", rather than to specific works of Aristotle's own. 6655: 6649: 5176:(ceremonial speeches dealing with praise or blame), 2265:

Aristotle was one of the first people to record any

13453: 13005:(2015). "Aristotle's Physics: A Physicist's Look". 12489: 12358:"Aristotle's Lagoon: Embryo Inside a Chicken's Egg" 12105:

The Classical Mind: A History of Western Philosophy

11747:. In Enos, Richard Leo; Agnew, Lois Peters (eds.). 11195:

Philosophia Togata: Plato and Aristotle at Rome. II

11101: 10501: 10495: 10471: 10337: 10292: 9640: 9126: 8948: 8305:von Lieven, Alexander Fürst; Humar, Marcel (2008). 8149: 8125: 7954: 7856: 7788: 7764: 7752: 7363: 7327: 7217: 7150: 7120: 7103: 6637: 1493:

growth and diminution, which is change in quantity;

1092:that with Aristotle, logic reached its completion. 27:

Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath (384–322 BC)

15009:On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 14052: 13694: 13454: 12977: 12774: 12649: 12398: 12083:"Aristotle with a Bust of Homer, Rembrandt (1653)" 12044:Hutchinson, D. S.; Johnson, Monte Ransome (2015). 11929: 11717: 11578: 11126:Commentarium Magnum in Aristotelis De Anima Libros 11103:"Aristotle with a Bust of Homer, Rembrandt (1653)" 11037: 10525: 10157: 9851: 9712: 9676: 9327:The impact of Aristotelianism on modern philosophy 8972: 8924: 8798: 8732: 8257: 7844: 7716: 7538: 7043: 6934:veniet flumen orationis aureum fundens Aristoteles 2564:was attached by a cord to a kind of placenta (the 2541: 1993: 1920: 667:in Athens and remained there until the age of 37 ( 15214: 15137: 13745:. History of Greek Philosophy. Vol. 3. Cape. 13639:Cantor, Norman F.; Klein, Peter L., eds. (1969). 13007:Journal of the American Philosophical Association 12043: 11932:Rembrandt's Aristotle and Other Rembrandt Studies 11212: 10513: 9700: 8813: 8119: 8038: 7421: 7375: 7079: 6066:Aristotelis Opera edidit Academia Regia Borussica 5180:(judicial speeches over guilt or innocence), and 3726:constitution as a democracy and as an oligarchy. 3693:theory, according to which individuals leave the 1611:) is either practical, poetical or theoretical" ( 1047:in which he asked to be buried next to his wife. 797:, about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day 26115: 13854:Jaeger, Werner (1948). Robinson, Richard (ed.). 12532:MacDougall-Shackleton, Scott A. (27 July 2011). 12491:"Lucas Cranach the Elder| Phyllis and Aristotle" 10978:. Translated by Roberts, W. Rhys. Archived from 6590:is also bearing the classical form of his name. 6578:bearing the classical form of Aristotle's name. 5911: 5773:, and from the original Greek, such as those by 23316: 13871:International Academy of the History of Science 13755:Line by Line Commentary on Aristotle's De Anima 12965:A History of Economic Thought: The LSE Lectures 11864:. Princeton University Press. pp. 152–59. 11213:Bergstrom, Carl T.; Dugatkin, Lee Alan (2012). 10986: 10683: 10543: 10367: 8304: 7704: 7061: 7017:Borchers, Timothy A.; Hundley, Heather (2018). 7016: 6735:Aristotle in the Ancient Biographical Tradition 5512:, and Theophrastus. Aristotle's influence over 3755:, especially to thought in the Middle Ages. In 2238: 26304:Philosophers and tutors of Alexander the Great 14371:(Two volume ed.). Loeb Classical Library. 14006:Substantial Knowledge: Aristotle's Metaphysics 12713: 11950: 11881:Cause and Explanation in Ancient Greek Thought 10863: 10187: 10016: 9906: 8762: 8750: 5813:According to scholar Roger Theodore Lafferty, 5675:Islamic portrayal of Aristotle (right) in the 5562:while the former do not. Though a few ancient 5396: 1382:house, while the form of the substance is the 1152:or others among his followers. The books are: 23096: 22121: 20228: 19501: 18646: 17972: 16765: 15730: 15530: 15506: 14507: 13734:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. 13633:Notes on Book Zeta of Aristotle's Metaphysics 13334:Analytical theory of democracy. Vols. 1 and 2 12252:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 11188: 11085:. Translated by Sachs, Joe. Green Lion Press. 10745: 10666:"I'm So Totally Over Newton's Laws of Motion" 10355: 10280: 10122: 9863: 5987:has reconstructed Aristotle's biology, while 5543:that advances in biology can be again found. 5125: 2572:Aristotle distinguished about 500 species of 2253:Aristotle noted that the ground level of the 1461: 20734: 17712:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel 15544: 15285: 13948:(2nd ed.). University of Chicago Press. 13770:Aristotle on Substance: The Paradox of Unity 13291: 12897:"Plutarch – Life of Alexander (Part 1 of 7)" 12841:The Islamic Intellectual Tradition in Persia 12330:Lee, Ellen Wardwell; Robinson, Anne (2005). 11502: 11124:Averroes (1953). Crawford, F. Stuart (ed.). 11001:Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide 10248:. Cambridge University Press. p. viii. 10202:Novartis Foundation Symposium 222 - Homology 10061:Dazzled and Deceived: Mimicry and Camouflage 9989: 7321: 5761:except through the Latin translation of the 5574:viewpoint of Aristotelian ideas about life, 5303:of those same emotions. Aristotle concludes 3751:Aristotle made substantial contributions to 2094:), and its decorative or practical purpose ( 758:as simply "The Philosopher", while the poet 719:, and was not replaced systematically until 20670: 18510:Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom 12915: 12329: 12162: 11027:Aristotle (1948). Monroe, Arthur E. (ed.). 10960: 10483: 9634: 9538:(2nd ed.). Columbia University Press. 8351: 8311:History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 7806: 7415: 7357: 6322:, Biblioteka Marciana. Oil on canvas, 1560s 6211:, reflecting their importance. Rembrandt's 5166:(an appeal to the audience's emotion), and 4766:A Dialogue Concerning Oratorical Partitions 3635:live life this way their practical wisdom ( 2449:that swim have short legs and webbed feet. 1485:319b–320a), he distinguishes coming-to-be ( 1260: All Greeks are men. 1257: All men are mortal. 694:a third of his original output has survived 23982: 23103: 23089: 22128: 22114: 20235: 20221: 19508: 19494: 19370:Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language 18660: 18653: 18639: 17979: 17965: 16772: 16758: 15737: 15723: 15537: 15523: 14514: 14500: 13968:Aristotle and the Philosophy of Friendship 13407:A History of the Association of Psychology 13370:(1910). Ross, W. D.; Smith, J. A. (eds.). 12760:(2009). "Dreams and Method in Aristotle". 12379:The Lagoon: How Aristotle Invented Science 11741:"Studies in the Philosophy of Aristotle's 11350:Notion de Force dans le Systeme d'Aristote 11326: 10102:"A History of the Study of Marine Biology" 10094: 9597:, pp. 20–21, 28–29, 393–406, 407–408. 9487:(1st ed.). Harvard University Press. 8595: 8547: 5851:on it and that became the basis of Jewish 5721:) who were influenced by the tradition of 5132: 5118: 58: 13018: 12557: 12266: 12060:Irwin, Terence; Fine, Gail, eds. (1996). 12059: 12028: 11970: 11878: 11852: 11677:Aristotle's Rhetoric: An Art of Character 11645: 11464: 11403: 11251: 11077: 11058: 11035: 11026: 10638: 10432: 10428: 10426: 10424: 10422: 10331: 10234: 10140: 9606: 9017:"The Philosophical Origins of Patriarchy" 8942: 8906: 8849: 8786: 8687: 8654: 8369: 8226: 7821: 7683: 7450: 7403: 7175: 7097: 6836:) which state Aristotle's laws of motion. 5656: 5546:The first medical teacher at Alexandria, 5461: 2189: 2082:: in the case of a table, the wood used ( 1588:, whereas Plato relies on deduction from 1496:locomotion, which is change in space; and 1489:, also translated as 'generation') from: 1050: 20242: 20025:Fundamental theory of Catholic canon law 18161:Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes 13479: 13366: 13240: 13068:Creationism and Its Critics in Antiquity 12895: 12874: 12692: 12574: 12396: 12247: 12141: 11749:Landmark Essays on Aristotelian Rhetoric 11738: 11654: 11630:"Athenian impiety trials: a reappraisal" 11389: 11347: 11123: 11005:Department of the Environment and Energy 10125:"The great chain of being is still here" 9845: 9767: 9658: 9582: 9514:Interdisciplinary Humanities Center UCSB 9434: 9257: 9224: 9044: 8966: 8885: 8753: Book I. See for example chapter 7. 8208: 7874: 7811:. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. 7638: 7597: 7517: 7345: 7297: 6992: 6706:covers ancient biographies of Aristotle. 6138:and returned to Athens in about 100 BC. 6071: 6044: 5866: 5670: 5410: 5256: 5160:(an appeal to the speaker's character), 4856:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style 3669: 3335: 3232: 2551: 2481: 2340: 2248: 2073: 1940: 1622: 1502: 1472:) and its causes, as he outlines in his 1403: 1107: 950: 887: 819: 21818:Reflections on the Revolution in France 17744:Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals 13331: 13307: 13189: 13176: 13106: 13085: 13043: 13001: 12962: 12793: 12467: 11784: 11765: 11627: 11511: 11296:The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 11289: 10876: 10842: 10821: 10762: 10721: 10555: 10199: 10051: 10028: 9980:, Chapter 19 "Aristotle's Metaphysics". 9977: 9869: 9694: 9594: 9570: 9558: 9193: 9156: 9056: 8830: 8631: 8428: 8155: 7782: 7758: 7746: 7626: 7576: 7498: 7486: 7462: 7369: 7333: 7247: 7199: 7129: 7114: 6699: 6034: 5862: 5361:List of writers influenced by Aristotle 5319: 3401: 1572:Aristotle's immanent realism means his 1499:alteration, which is change in quality. 962:(1st or 2nd century AD) copy of a lost 845:after control passed to Plato's nephew 14: 26279:Metic philosophers in Classical Athens 26194:Ancient Greek philosophers of language 26116: 25036: 22135: 14079:Aristotle: A Contemporary Appreciation 13902:Substance and Predication in Aristotle 13869:, Bruno Mondadori (Prize 2003 of the " 13400: 13263: 13211: 13064: 12941: 12857: 12756: 12735: 12189: 11995: 11673: 11567: 11543: 11505:The Mechanization of the World Picture 11481: 11428: 11356: 11162: 11140: 11036:Aristotle (1984). Lord, Carnes (ed.). 10663: 10507: 10419: 10379: 10343: 10307: 10268: 10057: 9939: 9646: 9533: 9398: 9236: 9205: 9014: 8861: 8714: 8619: 8607: 8583: 8571: 8352:Laurin, Michel; Humar, Marcel (2022). 8179: 8131: 8083: 8020: 7996: 7807:Udias, Agustin; Buforn, Elisa (2018). 7734: 7547: 7285: 7235: 6824:Drabkin quotes numerous passages from 6703: 5524: 5294:While it is believed that Aristotle's 1560:makes a man one"? Since, according to 25893: 25035: 24464: 23968: 23315: 23135: 23084: 22109: 20216: 19489: 18634: 17960: 16753: 16569:Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics 15718: 15518: 15505: 15356: 15265: 14495: 14465:The 11-volume 1837 Bekker edition of 14393:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 14039:Strauss, Leo (1964). "On Aristotle's 13157: 13138: 13121: 12971: 12772: 12615: 12593: 12509: 12445: 12419: 12372: 12352: 12285: 12208: 12102: 12080: 12017: 11905: 11805: 11715: 11694: 11657:Feminist Interpretations of Aristotle 11590: 11368: 11302: 11268: 11233: 10702: 10627:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 10596: 10531: 10319: 10163: 10088: 10004: 9954: 9857: 9718: 9682: 9507: 9482: 9458: 9446: 9422: 9251: 9181: 9132: 9002: 8873: 8738: 8699: 8675: 8559: 8535: 8523: 8416: 8404: 8392: 8167: 8107: 8095: 8071: 8056: 8044: 8032: 8008: 7984: 7972: 7960: 7948: 7936: 7912: 7862: 7850: 7794: 7770: 7698: 7671: 7650: 7532: 7474: 7438: 7386: 7273: 7223: 7211: 7187: 7156: 7144: 7085: 7073: 6723:VI 195); for further discussion, see 6685: 6086:", intended for the public, and the " 5884:, contrary to classical era thinking. 5613: 5578:(and after the rise of Christianity, 5059:Rhetoric of social intervention model 3426:Virtues and their accompanying vices 2357: 1994:{\displaystyle v=c{\frac {W}{\rho }}} 1597: 869:, where together they researched the 789:Aristotle was born in 384 BC in 26209:Ancient Greek political philosophers 25504:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus 23136: 16669:Interpretations of quantum mechanics 16589:The World as Will and Representation 15063:On Melissus, Xenophanes, and Gorgias 14092:Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 13641:Ancient Thought: Plato and Aristotle 13635:. Oxford: Sub-faculty of Philosophy. 13467:from the original on 10 January 2022 13432: 13246:"Classical Mechanics, Lectures 2, 3" 12976:. In Rorty, Amélie Oksenberg (ed.). 12942:Rhodes, Frank Harold Trevor (1974). 12838: 12670: 12644: 12288:"Medieval Theories of the Syllogism" 12269:"Medieval Theories of the Syllogism" 12231:"Aristotelianism in the Renaissance" 12228: 12165:Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12121: 11924: 11858:"Inside and Outside the Work of Art" 11826: 11768:A History of Greek Philosophy Vol. 1 11272:Aristotle on Memory and Recollection 11234:Blits, Kathleen C. (15 April 1999). 11172:The Cambridge Companion to Aristotle 11146:Aristotle: A Very Short Introduction 10973: 10939: 10620: 10519: 10453: 10410:Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans 10403: 10240: 9833: 9706: 9670: 9470: 9410: 9068: 8774: 8726: 8209:Sandford, Stella (3 December 2019). 8143: 7309: 7049: 6156: 6049:First page of a 1566 edition of the 6017:evolutionary developmental biologist 3706:, the character 'Aristotle' states: 1454:Plato argued that all things have a 699:Aristotle's views profoundly shaped 21928:The End of History and the Last Man 21838:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 20187: 19953:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 18388:The Naturalist on the River Amazons 17986: 17760:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 14521: 14358:"The Peripatetics: Aristotle" 14245:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 14184:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 14178:Indiana Philosophy Ontology Project 13686:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 13509:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 13491:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 13150:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 13114:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12586:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12304: 12297:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12278:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12240:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12215:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 12036:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 11917:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 11446: 11435:(6th ed.), London: John Murray 11375:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 10918: 10897: 9312:"the father of scientific method": 8990: 8978: 8954: 8930: 8918: 7924: 7888:"Darwin's Ghosts, By Rebecca Stott" 7722: 7710: 6876:ed. G. Dalton, Boston 1971, 78–115. 6064:'s Royal Prussian Academy edition ( 5837: 5428:, originally written around 300 BC. 2477: 2285:, and "the upheaving of one of the 2167:Aristotle describes experiments in 1393: 1350:Aristotle examines the concepts of 731:during the Middle Ages, as well as 24: 26309:Philosophers of ancient Chalcidice 26199:Ancient Greek philosophers of mind 24465: 23110: 22528:Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling 15424:Transmission of the Greek Classics 14094:. Vol. Suppl. pp. 41–56. 13955:Proceedings of the British Academy 13518: 13071:. University of California Press. 12987:. University of California Press. 12929:from the original on 29 March 2018 12534:"The levels of analysis revisited" 11724:. University of California Press. 11605:10.1111/j.1527-2001.2006.tb01091.x 11584:Introduction to Political Thinkers 11496:10.1111/j.1468-0149.1994.tb02858.x 11091:"Aristotle definition and meaning" 10809:from the original on 22 April 2009 10805:. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 10684:Anagnostopoulos, Georgios (2013). 10391: 9607:Contadini, Anna (1 January 2012). 9316:"History of the Scientific Method" 7019:Rhetorical Theory: An Introduction 6078:Transmission of the Greek Classics 6029: 5952: 5728: 5667:Transmission of the Greek Classics 2490:decreases with body mass, whereas 2090:), the tools and techniques used ( 1366:, "the what it was to be") in his 892:"Aristotle tutoring Alexander" by 25: 26435: 26219:Ancient Greek philosophers of art 19515: 15098:The Situations and Names of Winds 14364:Lives of the Eminent Philosophers 14100: 14088:Aristotle and the Later Tradition 13998:The Worlds of Plato and Aristotle 13293:"The School of Athens by Raphael" 12858:Phelan, Joseph (September 2002). 12796:Journal of the History of Biology 12696:Aristotle: The Great Philosophers 12401:The Beginnings of Western Science 11574:. Almqvist & Wiksell in Komm. 11517:The American Journal of Philology 11503:Dijksterhuis, Eduard Jan (1969). 11369:Cohen, S. Marc (8 October 2000). 11362:The Academica of Cicero 106–43 BC 11192:; Griffin, Miriam Tamara (1999). 10129:Evolution: Education and Outreach 9157:Garner., Dwight (14 March 2014). 6498:Relief of Aristotle and Plato by 5432:Aristotle's pupil and successor, 5407:Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus) 2434:embryological development of the 1466:Concerning the nature of change ( 26214:Ancient Greek political refugees 26101: 26089: 26077: 26065: 26053: 26041: 26029: 26017: 26005: 25973: 25963: 25954: 25953: 22271: 21898:The Open Society and Its Enemies 20186: 20171: 20162: 20161: 18578: 17941: 17940: 16732: 16722: 16721: 15484: 15474: 15473: 14423: 14383:Works by Aristotle in eBook form 14345: 13885:Kiernan, Thomas P., ed. (1962). 13858:(2nd ed.). Clarendon Press. 13269:"Chapter 3: Aristotle's Biology" 13089:The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle 12972:Rorty, Amélie Oksenberg (1996). 12676:The Growth of Biological Thought 12652:The Growth of Biological Thought 12142:Kaufmann, Walter Arnold (1968). 12081:Jones, Jonathan (27 July 2002). 12063:Aristotle: Introductory Readings 11951:Hladký, V.; Havlíček, J (2013). 11739:Grimaldi, William M. A. (1998). 11128:. Mediaeval Academy of America. 10969:. The Internet Classics Archive. 10872:. The Internet Classics Archive. 10640:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04312.x 10561: 10447: 10385: 10104:. MarineBio Conservation Society 10022: 9948: 9933: 9818: 9809: 9800: 9791: 9773: 9749: 9737: 9724: 9600: 9534:Fakhry, Professor Majid (1987). 9527: 9501: 9476: 9350:, Elements of Criticism, p. 237. 9150: 9100: 9074: 9015:Mercer, Christia (1 July 2019). 9008: 9005:, pp. Introduction, xi–xii. 8504: 8480: 8467: 8454: 8434: 8345: 8298: 8251: 8202: 8173: 6939: 6926: 6897: 6888: 6879: 6858: 6633: 6531: 6511: 6491: 6479: 6460: 6430: 6411: 6392: 6370: 6349: 6327: 6308: 6289: 6264: 6244: 6226: 5480:. Aristotle's students included 3845: 3769:. His response to criticisms of 3761:, Aristotle addresses the city, 3237:Aristotle proposed a three-part 1645: 1547:For that for the sake of which ( 1400:Aristotle's theory of universals 1278: 805:, was the personal physician to 25974: 20705:Family as a model for the state 18620:List of natural history dealers 18288:The Natural History of Selborne 16519:Meditations on First Philosophy 15744: 15004:On Length and Shortness of Life 14367:. Vol. 1:5. Translated by 13966:Pangle, Lorraine Smith (2002). 13456:"When libraries were on a roll" 13214:Journal of the History of Ideas 13158:Smith, William George (2007) . 13047:A history of western philosophy 12693:McLeisch, Kenneth Cole (1999). 12405:. University of Chicago Press. 12354:Leroi, Armand Marie (Presenter) 11680:. University of Chicago Press. 11659:. Penn State University Press. 11392:History and Philosophy of Logic 11044:. University of Chicago Press. 10948:. The Internet Classics Archive 10927:. The Internet Classics Archive 10906:. The Internet Classics Archive 10885:. The Internet Classics Archive 10851:. The Internet Classics Archive 10830:. The Internet Classics Archive 10799:"Aristotle (Greek philosopher)" 10664:Allain, Rhett (21 March 2016). 9536:A History of Islamic Philosophy 9159:"Who's More Famous Than Jesus?" 7880: 7815: 7800: 7248:Britton, Bianca (27 May 2016). 7241: 6848: 6839: 6818: 6808: 6795: 6778: 6769: 6760: 6740: 6236:, mosaic from a Roman villa in 5989:Niko Tinbergen's four questions 5965:The Dutch historian of science 5817:built up the philosophy of the 5354: 3276:For Aristotle, the soul is the 2542:Classification of living things 1945:Aristotle's laws of motion. In 1567: 1033:trial and execution of Socrates 881:to become the tutor to his son 479:Family as a model for the state 79:), with modern alabaster mantle 22055:Separation of church and state 21953:Collectivism and individualism 21908:The Origins of Totalitarianism 19983:Natural Law and Natural Rights 19310:Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus 18522:Adaptive Coloration in Animals 17728:The Theory of Moral Sentiments 17098:Value monism – Value pluralism 14594:Correspondence theory of truth 14218:Motion and its Place in Nature 12903:. Loeb Classical Library. 1919 12875:Pickover, Clifford A. (2009). 12453:. Cambridge University Press. 12148:. Princeton University Press. 11936:. Princeton University Press. 11791:. Cambridge University Press. 11770:. Cambridge University Press. 11453:Journal of Experimental Botany 11333:. Cambridge University Press. 11174:. Cambridge University Press. 9876:University of California Press 9872:Species: a history of the idea 9280:Shellens, Max Solomon (1959). 8799:Ebenstein & Ebenstein 2002 7010: 6709: 6692: 6676: 6626: 6214:Aristotle with a Bust of Homer 5810:worked on Aristotelian logic. 5633:in the early seventh century. 5327:On this ground, proponents of 3424: 2941:(Among the egg-laying fishes): 2063: 1878:History of classical mechanics 1686:, the divine substance of the 1303: 840:. He probably experienced the 727:were developed. He influenced 13: 1: 26169:Ancient Greek epistemologists 26144:4th-century BC mathematicians 23575: 23562: 23543: 23526: 22598:Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve 22568:Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 22523:Anne Louise Germaine de Staël 22095:Category:Political philosophy 21968:Critique of political economy 19191:Principle of compositionality 14940:Constitution of the Athenians 13904:. Cambridge University Press. 13778:A History of Greek Philosophy 13772:. Princeton University Press. 13533:Essays on Plato and Aristotle 13172:– via Internet Archive. 13126:. Columbia University Press. 13086:Shields, Christopher (2012). 12967:. Princeton University Press. 12839:Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1996). 12209:Kraut, Richard (1 May 2001). 12107:. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 11655:Freeland, Cynthia A. (1998). 11582:; Ebenstein, William (2002). 11294:. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). 11097:. Collins English Dictionary. 11009:Australian Antarctic Division 10996:Composite Antarctic Gazetteer 10783:"Aristoteles-Park in Stagira" 10758:– via Internet Archive. 9907:Pasipoularides, Ares (2010). 9278:"the father of natural law": 8814:Hutchinson & Johnson 2015 8120:Bergstrom & Dugatkin 2012 6981:Aristotle (Greek philosopher) 6737:, Göteborg, 1957, p. 253 6615: 6453: 6404:Johann Jakob Dorner the Elder 6344:(attrib.) Oil on canvas, 1713 6279: 5912:18th and 19th-century science 5755: 5748: 5682: 5642:to explain his observations. 5274:, Aristotle uses the tragedy 5029:List of feminist rhetoricians 3610:) in accordance with reason ( 3378:Aristotle describes sleep in 3217: 2269:observations. He stated that 1934:incorrect in modern physics. 1631:(fire, air, water, earth) of 668: 73: 26189:Ancient Greek metaphysicians 26184:Ancient Greek mathematicians 26154:4th-century BC Greek writers 24703:Funeral and burial practices 23888:Military of Mycenaean Greece 21993:Institutional discrimination 21988:History of political thought 20720:Negative and positive rights 19340:Philosophical Investigations 17792:On the Genealogy of Morality 17752:Critique of Practical Reason 16704:Philosophy of space and time 14842:On Generation and Corruption 14259:Aristotle in the Renaissance 14155:Resources in other libraries 14131:Resources in other libraries 14059:. Cornell University Press. 13833:Aristotle's First Principles 13732:Essays in Ancient Philosophy 13566:. Cornell University Press. 12678:. Harvard University Press. 12475:. Harvard University Press. 12173:10.4324/9780415249126-H002-1 12031:"Aristotle (384–322 B.C.E.)" 11989:10.5840/ancientphil199616244 11906:Hasse, Dag Nikolaus (2014). 10603:The Complete Fables By Aesop 9353:"the father of meteorology": 9071:, p. Book I, Chapter 5. 7535:, pp. 133–139, 166–169. 6951: 6161: 5019:Glossary of rhetorical terms 3740: 2556:Aristotle recorded that the 2239:Geology and natural sciences 2207: 2152:to a particular way of life. 2131:how it develops from the egg 2006:Aristotle implies that in a 1659:On Generation and Corruption 1481:On Generation and Corruption 1339: 64:Roman copy (in marble) of a 7: 26149:4th-century BC philosophers 22003:Justification for the state 21788:Two Treatises of Government 20060:Libertarian theories of law 19181:Modality (natural language) 18278:Bernard Germain de Lacépède 16579:The Phenomenology of Spirit 14422:(public domain audiobooks) 14407:Works by or about Aristotle 14254:Aristotle (general article) 14193:Aristotle (general article) 14081:. Indiana University Press. 14036:. Cornell University Press. 13915:. Chicago University Press. 13839:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 13594:Bakalis, Nikolaos. (2005). 12750:10.5840/newscholas197347237 12721:. Oxford University Press. 12307:"Optics and ancient Greeks" 12046:"Exhortation to Philosophy" 11997:Hooker, Sir William Jackson 11889:10.1093/0199246564.001.0001 11883:. Oxford University Press. 11148:. Oxford University Press. 11031:. Harvard University Press. 10707:. Oxford University Press. 8371:10.5852/cr-palevol2022v21a1 7674:, pp. 96–100, 106–107. 7641:, pp. 1–32 and passim. 7465:, p. VIII 1043a 10–30. 7250:"Is this Aristotle's tomb?" 7005:Aristoteles-Park in Stagira 6593: 5892:period, scientists such as 5663:Logic in Islamic philosophy 5397:His successor, Theophrastus 4866:Language as Symbolic Action 3821: 3801:Aristotle's discussions on 3650: 3348:(similarity, contrast, and 3344:(the heart), linked by his 2470:, or that kinds can become 2011:other authors reject this. 853:to the court of his friend 10: 26440: 26369:Philosophers of technology 26349:Philosophers of psychology 26334:Philosophers of literature 26249:Ancient Greek cosmologists 24627:Greek Revival architecture 23969: 22563:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 20673:Bellum omnium contra omnes 19571:International legal theory 19320:Language, Truth, and Logic 19060:Theological noncognitivism 18945:Contrast theory of meaning 18940:Causal theory of reference 18671:Index of language articles 18300:A History of British Birds 17720:A Treatise of Human Nature 16779: 15083:On Marvellous Things Heard 14702:Potentiality and actuality 14028:(6th ed.). Routledge. 13923:Reading Aristotle: Physics 13808:Halper, Edward C. (2005). 13789:Halper, Edward C. (2009). 13782:Cambridge University Press 13768:Gill, Mary Louise (1989). 13543:. Oxford University Press. 13535:, Oxford University Press. 13332:Tangian, Andranik (2020). 13273:Greek Biology and Medicine 13044:Russell, Bertrand (1972). 12616:Mason, Stephen F. (1979). 12429:Cambridge University Press 12336:Indianapolis Museum of Art 12267:Lagerlund, Henrik (2016). 12029:Humphreys, Justin (2009). 10705:Classical Greek Philosophy 10589: 10188:Hladký & Havlíček 2013 10176:MacDougall-Shackleton 2011 10017:Medawar & Medawar 1984 9508:Admin (13 February 2017). 9282:"Aristotle on Natural Law" 9145:Aristotle's Influence 2018 8186:Cambridge University Press 7785:, p. Book 1, Part 14. 7701:, pp. 91–92, 369–373. 6964:Collins English Dictionary 6733:244 F 38. Ingemar Düring, 6547: 6205:Vatican's Apostolic Palace 6075: 6038: 6015:began with Aristotle; the 5916:The English mathematician 5732: 5660: 5617: 5593: 5528: 5465: 5400: 5358: 5331:have accused Aristotle of 5312:and studied the fables of 5211: 5207: 5143: 3744: 3654: 3579: 3371: 3305:According to Aristotle in 3226: 2545: 2334: 2330: 2242: 2211: 2193: 2160: 2067: 1875: 1649: 1638: 1618: 1462:Potentiality and actuality 1397: 1343: 1307: 1193:On Sophistical Refutations 1101: 1095: 1065: 1059: 729:Judeo-Islamic philosophies 581:; 384–322 BC) was an 574: 365:Potentiality and actuality 32:Aristotle (disambiguation) 29: 26364:Philosophers of sexuality 26319:Philosophers of education 26239:Aristotelian philosophers 25949: 25900: 25894: 25889: 25734: 25611: 25600: 25527: 25449: 25406: 25353: 25211: 25063: 25054: 25050: 25031: 24980: 24895: 24833: 24795: 24788: 24738: 24698: 24689: 24611: 24488: 24484: 24460: 24426: 24395: 24237: 24124: 24068: 24035:Attalid kings of Pergamon 23990: 23981: 23977: 23964: 23843:Antigonid Macedonian army 23816: 23789: 23761: 23718: 23675: 23666: 23508: 23447: 23344: 23340: 23311: 23210: 23159: 23155: 23131: 23118: 23035:Filippo Tommaso Marinetti 22428:Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux 22280: 22269: 22238:Reader-response criticism 22143: 22090: 21940: 21709: 21357: 21090: 20970: 20889: 20801: 20792: 20658: 20492: 20421: 20250: 20157: 20088: 20005: 19912: 19594: 19536: 19523: 19460: 19405:Philosophy of information 19392: 19241: 19093: 19005:Mediated reference theory 18930: 18677: 18668: 18615:Natural History Societies 18587: 18576: 18492: 18483:The Royal Natural History 18335:Ornithological Dictionary 18322: 18244:Johan Christian Fabricius 18170: 18076: 18003: 17994: 17936: 17843: 17688: 17454: 17179: 17108: 16970: 16845: 16787: 16717: 16641: 16440: 16180: 15908: 15752: 15656: 15555: 15512: 15507:Links to related articles 15469: 15446:Commentaries on Aristotle 15416: 15130: 15033: 15017: 14969: 14948: 14914: 14898: 14860: 14822: 14779: 14770: 14555: 14529: 14274:Commentators on Aristotle 14239:Internet Classics Archive 14150:Resources in your library 14126:Resources in your library 13946:Introduction to Aristotle 13932:, Parmenides Publishing. 13812:. Parmenides Publishing. 13793:. Parmenides Publishing. 13719:, Parmenides Publishing, 13682:"Aristotle's Metaphysics" 13610:Bocheński, I. M. (1951). 13564:On Aristotle's Categories 13541:Aristotle the Philosopher 13342:10.1007/978-3-030-39691-6 13308:Stewart, Jessica (2019). 12717:; Medawar, J. S. (1984). 12619:A History of the Sciences 11698:Vita Aristotelis Marciana 11490:(2 (April 1994)): 81–89. 11414:10.1080/01445340802228362 11371:"Aristotle's Metaphysics" 11327:Carruthers, Mary (2007). 11290:Bobzien, Susanne (2015). 11095:www.collinsdictionary.com 10569:"IAU Minor Planet Center" 10356:Barnes & Griffin 1999 10210:10.1002/9780470515655.ch2 9619:10.1163/9789004222656_005 9561:, pp. 20, 28, 35–36. 8276:10.1163/18759866-07602004 8180:Lennox, James G. (2001). 7877:, p. Prefatory Note. 7825:Meteorologica, Chapter II 6378:Aristotle with a Bust of 5788:Thomas Aquinas wrote his 5739:Syllogism § Medieval 5624:Byzantine Aristotelianism 5620:Commentaries on Aristotle 5558:, noting that the latter 5377:, pioneered the study of 4776:De Optimo Genere Oratorum 3575: 3367: 3300: 3259:), posits three kinds of 2576:, arranging these in the 2422:. His description of the 2156: 1871: 1509:the potential made actual 1212:) and dialectics (in the 559: 306: 258: 240: 222: 212: 202: 198: 136: 126: 102: 84: 57: 48: 41: 26299:Peripatetic philosophers 26224:Ancient literary critics 26204:Ancient Greek physicists 26164:Ancient Greek biologists 22478:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing 22233:Psychoanalytic criticism 21878:The Revolt of the Masses 20142:Rational-legal authority 20030:German historical school 20015:Analytical jurisprudence 19330:Two Dogmas of Empiricism 18461:The Naturalist's Library 18364:On the Origin of Species 17071:Universal prescriptivism 16694:Philosophy of psychology 16629:Simulacra and Simulation 15694:Alexander of Aphrodisias 14476:24 November 2022 at the 14329:Turner, William (1907). 14051:Swanson, Judith (1992). 14004:Reeve, C. D. C. (2000). 13976:10.1017/CBO9780511498282 13944:McKeon, Richard (1973). 13900:Lewis, Frank A. (1991). 13889:. Philosophical Library. 13776:Guthrie, W.K.C. (1981). 13122:Shute, Clarence (1941). 12575:Machamer, Peter (2017). 12397:Lindberg, David (1992). 11971:Holowchak, Mark (1996). 11879:Hankinson, R.J. (1998). 11806:Haase, Wolfgang (1992). 11568:Düring, Ingemar (1957). 11553:. Simon & Schuster. 11429:Darwin, Charles (1872), 11348:Carteron, Henri (1923). 10750:. apud Georgium Reimerum 10686:A Companion to Aristotle 10496:Aristotle with Bust 2002 10293:When libraries were 2001 10035:Harvard University Press 9324:, Riccardo Pozzo (2004) 8264:Contributions to Zoology 7830:Harvard University Press 7809:Principles of Seismology 7489:, p. IX 1050a 5–10. 7100:, pp. Introduction. 6784:Rhett Allain notes that 6620: 5943:On the Origin of Species 5906:circulation of the blood 5880:, 1628, showed that the 5590:until the Renaissance." 5218:Aristotle writes in his 3380:On Sleep and Wakefulness 3249:, given in his treatise 3120:Spontaneously generating 1584:from examples alongside 1115:(left) and Aristotle in 1055: 1025:Eurymedon the Hierophant 620:. As the founder of the 207:Ancient Greek philosophy 49: 26354:Philosophers of science 26324:Philosophers of history 26314:Philosophers of culture 26179:Ancient Greek logicians 26174:Ancient Greek ethicists 22533:Samuel Taylor Coleridge 21858:The Communist Manifesto 20784:Tyranny of the majority 20695:Consent of the governed 20110:Judicial interpretation 19131:Use–mention distinction 18975:Direct reference theory 18595:Natural history museums 18197:Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 16860:Artificial intelligence 16559:Critique of Pure Reason 14814:Sophistical Refutations 14014:Aristotle's Syllogistic 13893:Knight, Kelvin (2007). 13730:Frede, Michael (1987). 13715:De Groot, Jean (2014). 13693:Ferguson, John (1972). 13688:(Winter 2020 ed.). 13618:Bolotin, David (1998). 13598:, Trafford Publishing, 13581:Aristotle (1908–1952). 13554:Aristotle for Everybody 13512:(Spring 2018 ed.). 13504:"Aristotle's Influence" 13250:The Theoretical Minimum 13117:(Winter 2016 ed.). 12922:. University of Texas. 12599:The Story of Philosophy 12451:Causes and Correlations 12250:The classical tradition 12229:Kuhn, Heinrich (2018). 12190:Knight, Kelvin (2007). 12127:Critique of Pure Reason 12018:House, Humphry (1956). 11960:Human Ethology Bulletin 11674:Garver, Eugene (1994). 11647:10.13130/1128-8221/4290 11628:Filonik, Jakub (2013). 11550:The Story of Philosophy 10484:Lee & Robinson 2005 10472:Lucas Cranach the Elder 10031:The Classical Tradition 9732:The Philosophy of Dante 9483:Gutas, Dimitri (1998). 9366:"94.05.01: Meteorology" 8777:, pp. 1253a19–124. 7501:, p. VIII 1045a–b. 6917:Aristotle's Metaphysics 6518:Stone statue in niche, 6301:Lucas Cranach the Elder 6168:Lucas Cranach the Elder 5967:Eduard Jan Dijksterhuis 5848:Guide for the Perplexed 5548:Herophilus of Chalcedon 4716:De Sophisticis Elenchis 3641:) and their intellect ( 3222: 2622:) and the hard-shelled 2606:), and the egg-laying ( 2466:, or that one kind can 1310:Metaphysics (Aristotle) 1218:Sophistical Refutations 1089:Critique of Pure Reason 894:Jean Leon Gerome Ferris 824:School of Aristotle in 807:King Amyntas of Macedon 781: 24069:Artists & scholars 23984:List of ancient Greeks 23621:Second Athenian League 23470:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 23295:Ancient Greek colonies 22253:Sociological criticism 22223:Postcolonial criticism 22158:Biographical criticism 20735: 20685:Clash of civilizations 20671: 20197:WikiProject Philosophy 19551:Critical legal studies 19065:Theory of descriptions 19000:Linguistic determinism 18662:Philosophy of language 18447:William Jackson Hooker 18395:Alexander von Humboldt 18312:Philosophie zoologique 18095:Pinax theatri botanici 16150:Type–token distinction 15978:Hypostatic abstraction 15760:Abstract object theory 15704:Olympiodorus the Elder 14999:On Divination in Sleep 14685:Horror vacui (physics) 14453:University of Adelaide 14440:(in English and Greek) 14012:Rose, Lynn E. (1968). 13539:Ackrill, J.L. (1981). 13410:. C. Scribner's sons. 13065:Sedley, David (2007). 13050:. Simon and Schuster. 12980:Essays on Aristotle's 12974:"Structuring Rhetoric" 12601:. Dorling Kindersley. 12550:10.1098/rstb.2010.0363 12167:. Taylor and Francis. 12145:Tragedy and Philosophy 11377:(Winter 2016 ed.) 11358:Cicero, Marcus Tullius 10142:10.1186/1936-6434-6-18 10058:Forbes, Peter (2009). 10037:. pp. 1000–1001. 9870:Wilkins, John (2009). 9437:, p. Part 1, 7:7. 9356:"What is meteorology?" 9314:Shuttleworth, Martyn. 8477:42 (2): 419–442. 2022. 8358:Comptes Rendus Palevol 7939:, pp. 66–74, 137. 6687:[aristotélɛːs] 6540:University of Freiburg 6090:", for use within the 6056: 5885: 5689: 5657:Medieval Islamic world 5531:Ancient Greek medicine 5462:Later Greek philosophy 5429: 5291: 4836:De doctrina Christiana 4826:Dialogus de oratoribus 4746:Rhetorica ad Herennium 3972:Captatio benevolentiae 3738: 3713: 3675: 3353: 3242: 2735:Live-bearing tetrapods 2569: 2495: 2410:in detail, as well as 2354: 2262: 2190:Chance and spontaneity 2135:how its body functions 2099: 1995: 1953: 1922: 1636: 1553: 1535:) or 'be acted upon' ( 1512: 1435:places the universal ( 1424: 1337: 1266:All Greeks are mortal. 1138: 1125:. Aristotle holds his 1068:Non-Aristotelian logic 1051:Theoretical philosophy 971: 897: 833: 318:Theoretical philosophy 26379:Philosophical theists 26339:Philosophers of logic 26284:Natural law ethicists 25188:Sybaris on the Traeis 23913:Sacred Band of Thebes 23653:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD) 23167:Cycladic civilization 22698:Ferdinand de Saussure 22281:Theorists and critics 20700:Divine right of kings 20120:Law without the state 19176:Mental representation 19111:Linguistic relativity 18995:Inquisitive semantics 18533:The Study of Instinct 18472:Kunstformen der Natur 18376:The Malay Archipelago 18371:Alfred Russel Wallace 18307:Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 17784:The Methods of Ethics 17022:Divine command theory 17017:Ideal observer theory 16739:Philosophy portal 16619:Being and Nothingness 16035:Mental representation 15679:Aristocles of Messene 15608:Demetrius of Phalerum 15491:Philosophy portal 15113:Rhetoric to Alexander 14458:(in Greek and French) 14338:Catholic Encyclopedia 14032:Scaltsas, T. (1994). 13907:Lord, Carnes (1984). 13760:27 March 2017 at the 13701:. Twayne Publishers. 13650:Journal of Philosophy 13439:. Jeremy P. Tarcher. 13195:Aristotle Transformed 13139:Smith, Robin (2017). 12901:penelope.uchicago.edu 12516:Principles of Geology 12103:Jones, W. T. (1980). 11812:. Walter de Gruyter. 11716:Green, Peter (1991). 11701:. Walter de Gruyter. 11695:Gigon, Olof (2017) . 11352:(in French). J. Vrin. 11269:Bloch, David (2007). 11240:The Anatomical Record 11013:Australian Government 10988:"Aristotle Mountains" 10703:Annas, Julia (2001). 10573:minorplanetcenter.net 10332:Irwin & Fine 1996 10178:, pp. 2076–2085. 10066:Yale University Press 9661:, p. III, 2, 43. 9613:. Brill. p. 75. 9360:Meteorological Office 9348:Lord Henry Home Kames 7927:, pp. 5805–5816. 6425:. Oil on canvas, 1811 6406:. Oil on canvas, 1813 6387:. Oil on canvas, 1653 6365:. Oil on canvas, 1637 6297:Phyllis and Aristotle 6125:Some time later, the 6076:Further information: 6072:Loss and preservation 6048: 5870: 5853:scholastic philosophy 5733:Further information: 5678:Kitāb naʿt al-ḥayawān 5674: 5661:Further information: 5631:Stephen of Alexandria 5529:Further information: 5490:Demetrius of Phalerum 5466:Further information: 5418:to a 1644 version of 5414: 5359:Further information: 5260: 5004:Communication studies 4846:De vulgari eloquentia 4706:Rhetoric to Alexander 3735:, Book 4, 1294b.10–18 3723: 3708: 3673: 3372:Further information: 3339: 3236: 3227:Further information: 3087:Larva-bearing insects 2555: 2546:Further information: 2504:Generation of Animals 2485: 2375:Generation of Animals 2344: 2252: 2243:Further information: 2233:Great Comet of 371 BC 2212:Further information: 2196:Accident (philosophy) 2194:Further information: 2161:Further information: 2077: 2019:displace enough water 1996: 1944: 1923: 1876:Further information: 1690:, stars and planets. 1626: 1545: 1506: 1407: 1344:Further information: 1328: 1288:What is today called 1111: 1066:Further information: 954: 946:Palaephatus of Abydus 891: 823: 723:and theories such as 632:, he began the wider 624:of philosophy in the 404:Eternity of the world 338:Genus and differentia 68:bust of Aristotle by 26384:Philosophy academics 26359:Philosophers of time 26344:Philosophers of love 26289:Natural philosophers 26264:Greek meteorologists 24713:mythological figures 24434:Ancient Greek tribes 23559:Peloponnesian League 22603:James Russell Lowell 22578:Francesco De Sanctis 22558:Percy Bysshe Shelley 22538:Wilhelm von Humboldt 22383:Lodovico Castelvetro 22168:Cultural materialism 22153:Archetypal criticism 21848:Democracy in America 21227:political philosophy 21210:political philosophy 21025:political philosophy 20854:political philosophy 20764:Separation of powers 20725:Night-watchman state 20710:Monopoly on violence 20244:Political philosophy 20080:Virtue jurisprudence 20020:Deontological ethics 19360:Naming and Necessity 19270:De Arte Combinatoria 19069:Definite description 19030:Semantic externalism 18452:Joseph Dalton Hooker 18405:The Birds of America 17901:Political philosophy 16664:Feminist metaphysics 15669:Andronicus of Rhodes 15623:Hieronymus of Rhodes 15202:Andronicus of Rhodes 15103:On Virtues and Vices 15058:On Indivisible Lines 14979:Sense and Sensibilia 14949:Rhetoric and poetics 14762:Mathematical realism 14377:Collections of works 13887:Aristotle Dictionary 13612:Ancient Formal Logic 13433:Webb, Wilse (1990). 13265:Taylor, Henry Osborn 13177:Sorabji, R. (2006). 12777:The Earth We Live On 12773:Moore, Ruth (1956). 12211:"Aristotle's Ethics" 12024:. Rupert Hart-Davis. 11785:Guthrie, W. (1990). 11766:Guthrie, W. (2010). 11720:Alexander of Macedon 11312:. Prometheus Books. 10982:on 13 February 2015. 10866:"Nicomachean Ethics" 10621:Aird, W. C. (2011). 10459:The Life of Plotinus 10368:Anagnostopoulos 2013 10068:. pp. 236–239. 9330:. CUA Press. p. 41. 7915:, pp. 196, 248. 7360:, pp. 24b18–20. 7062:Anagnostopoulos 2013 6600:Aristotelian Society 6303:. Oil on panel, 1530 6200:The School of Athens 6151:Andronicus of Rhodes 6060:the organization of 6035:Corpus Aristotelicum 5863:Early Modern science 5329:feminist metaphysics 5320:Gender and sexuality 5204:(proof by example). 5146:Rhetoric (Aristotle) 3747:Politics (Aristotle) 3657:Politics (Aristotle) 3402:Practical philosophy 3053:Hard-shelled animals 2900:except scales, eggs 2868:except scales, eggs 2839:Egg-laying tetrapods 2666:(given by Aristotle) 2656:(highest to lowest) 2640:convergent evolution 2560:(fetus pictured) of 2222:, Aristotle refuted 2214:History of astronomy 1969: 1921:{\displaystyle F=mv} 1903: 1695:Aristotle's elements 1641:Aristotelian physics 1150:Andronicus of Rhodes 1122:The School of Athens 879:Philip II of Macedon 842:Eleusinian Mysteries 811:Proxenus of Atarneus 705:his physical science 701:medieval scholarship 676:Philip II of Macedon 509:Intellectual virtues 438:Practical philosophy 394:Aristotelian physics 389:Aristotelian biology 370:Theory of universals 30:For other uses, see 26399:Social philosophers 26374:Philosophical logic 26329:Philosophers of law 26244:Attic Greek writers 24825:Tunnel of Eupalinos 24820:Theatre of Dionysus 24444:Ancient Macedonians 24060:Tyrants of Syracuse 23572:Amphictyonic League 23172:Minoan civilization 22703:Claude Lévi-Strauss 22638:Friedrich Nietzsche 22593:Ralph Waldo Emerson 22553:Thomas Love Peacock 22548:Arthur Schopenhauer 22498:Mary Wollstonecraft 22183:Descriptive poetics 22173:Darwinian criticism 22038:Right-wing politics 21918:A Theory of Justice 21888:The Road to Serfdom 21808:The Social Contract 20515:Christian democracy 19410:Philosophical logic 19400:Analytic philosophy 19206:Sense and reference 19085:Verification theory 19040:Situation semantics 18500:Martinus Beijerinck 18043:De Natura Animalium 17871:Evolutionary ethics 17832:Reasons and Persons 17808:A Theory of Justice 16962:Uncertain sentience 16509:Daneshnameh-ye Alai 16020:Linguistic modality 15613:Strato of Lampsacus 15172:Strato of Lampsacus 14804:Posterior Analytics 14556:Ideas and interests 14016:. Charles C Thomas. 14000:. Prometheus Books. 13927:What is Alteration? 13376:. Clarendon Press. 13179:Aristotle on Memory 13141:"Aristotle's Logic" 13029:10.1017/apa.2014.11 12781:. Alfred A. Knopf. 12544:(1574): 2076–2085. 12519:. J. Murray, 1832. 12471:(31 January 1976). 12425:The critic of Plato 12374:Leroi, Armand Marie 12286:Lagerlund, Henrik. 12129:(Second ed.). 12021:Aristotle's Poetics 11484:Philosophical Books 11309:The Laws of Thought 11198:. Clarendon Press. 11059:Aristotle (2009) . 10688:. Wiley-Blackwell. 10544:Aristotle Mountains 10407:. "Life of Sulla". 10397:Historical Sketches 10091:, pp. 137–138. 9573:, pp. 233–724. 8909:, pp. 152–159. 8864:, pp. 109–110. 8789:, pp. 320–321. 8729:, pp. 174–184. 8717:, pp. 169–181. 8678:, pp. 115–118. 8657:, pp. 405–423. 8514:43 (1): 7–27. 2022. 8499:Aristotle: De Anima 8462:Aristotle: De Anima 8407:, pp. 156–163. 8170:, pp. 111–119. 8146:, pp. 201–202. 8074:, pp. 365–368. 8059:, pp. 197–200. 8035:, pp. 361–365. 7975:, pp. 135–136. 7951:, pp. 118–119. 7737:, pp. 204–213. 7312:, pp. Preface. 6574:is a crater on the 6554:Aristotle Mountains 6520:Gladstone's Library 6253:Nuremberg Chronicle 6127:Kingdom of Pergamon 6055:in Greek and Latin. 5927:The Laws of Thought 5779:William of Moerbeke 5525:Hellenistic science 5514:Alexander the Great 5226:, tragedy, comedy, 5214:Poetics (Aristotle) 5009:Composition studies 4940:Health and medicine 4806:Institutio Oratoria 4013:Eloquentia perfecta 3582:Aristotelian ethics 3427: 3362:laws of association 3360:, described in his 3346:laws of association 3239:structure for souls 2657: 2516:Aristotle's biology 2468:change into another 2381:Movement of Animals 2337:Aristotle's biology 2042:Early modern period 1697: 1240: 1236:One of Aristotle's 1179:Posterior Analytics 855:Hermias of Atarneus 815:Macedonian monarchy 725:classical mechanics 703:. The influence of 680:Alexander the Great 444:Aristotelian ethics 245:Alexander the Great 107:322 BC (aged 61–62) 26394:Rhetoric theorists 26389:Philosophy writers 26254:Greek male writers 26229:Ancient Stagirites 26108:History of science 25499:Menestheus's Limin 25153:Pandosia (Lucania) 25041:Greek colonisation 24403:Athenian statesmen 24164:Diogenes of Sinope 24025:Kings of Macedonia 24015:Kings of Commagene 23883:Macedonian phalanx 23863:Hellenistic armies 23611:(c. 424–c. 395 BC) 23475:Indo-Greek Kingdom 23197:Hellenistic Greece 23005:Hans-Georg Gadamer 22837:Philip Wheelwright 22827:Simone de Beauvoir 22623:Charles Baudelaire 22518:William Wordsworth 22513:Friedrich Schlegel 22508:Friedrich Schiller 22338:Christine de Pizan 22248:Semiotic criticism 22193:Feminist criticism 22137:Literary criticism 22050:Political violence 22045:Political theology 22028:Left-wing politics 22023:Political spectrum 19973:The Concept of Law 19963:Pure Theory of Law 19260:Port-Royal Grammar 19156:Family resemblance 19075:Theory of language 19050:Supposition theory 18605:Parson-naturalists 18437:Philip Henry Gosse 18400:John James Audubon 18383:Henry Walter Bates 18271:Histoire Naturelle 18259:Historia Plantarum 18147:Avium Praecipuarum 18131:Historia animalium 18032:Historia Plantarum 18020:History of Animals 17866:Ethics in religion 17861:Descriptive ethics 17696:Nicomachean Ethics 16699:Philosophy of self 16689:Philosophy of mind 15953:Embodied cognition 15865:Scientific realism 15216:Islamic Golden Age 15139:Peripatetic school 14925:Nicomachean Ethics 14620:Future contingents 14431:Works by Aristotle 14416:Works by Aristotle 14398:Works by Aristotle 14369:Hicks, Robert Drew 14353:Laërtius, Diogenes 14299:Natural philosophy 13750:Gendlin, Eugene T. 13626:Burnyeat, Myles F. 13549:Adler, Mortimer J. 13295:. Visual Arts Cork 13244:(3 October 2011). 12808:10.1007/bf00128136 12469:Lovejoy, Arthur O. 12305:Lahanas, Michael. 11977:Ancient Philosophy 11854:Halliwell, Stephen 11586:. Wadsworth Group. 11513:Drabkin, Israel E. 11466:10.1093/jxb/ert068 11078:Aristotle (1999). 10785:. Dimos Aristoteli 10334:, pp. xi–xii. 9836:, pp. 118–29. 9781:"Moses Maimonides" 9730:Lafferty, Roger. " 9298:10.1093/ajj/4.1.72 9164:The New York Times 9059:, pp. 83–112. 8945:, pp. 152–59. 8921:, p. I 1447a. 8765:, p. Book VI. 8763:Nicomachean Ethics 8751:Nicomachean Ethics 8702:, pp. 115–18. 8690:, pp. 405–23. 8475:Ancient Philosophy 8449:Ancient Philosophy 7822:Aristotle (1952). 6921:Peripatetic school 6905:Nicomachean Ethics 6866:Nicomachean Ethics 6786:Newton's First Law 6588:main asteroid belt 6580:(6123) Aristoteles 6504:Florence Cathedral 6116:Peripatetic school 6057: 6052:Nicomachean Ethics 6041:Works of Aristotle 5985:Armand Marie Leroi 5886: 5831:Nicomachean Ethics 5723:Islamic philosophy 5690: 5647:Michael of Ephesus 5614:Byzantine scholars 5478:Peripatetic school 5468:Peripatetic school 5430: 5425:Historia Plantarum 5292: 5228:dithyrambic poetry 5094:Terministic screen 4876:A General Rhetoric 4406:Resignation speech 3943:Studia humanitatis 3925:Byzantine rhetoric 3676: 3590:Nicomachean Ethics 3425: 3374:Dream § Other 3354: 3243: 2649: 2578:History of Animals 2570: 2496: 2369:History of Animals 2358:Empirical research 2355: 2281:since the time of 2263: 2245:History of geology 2226:'s claim that the 2100: 1991: 1954: 1918: 1693: 1637: 1629:classical elements 1598:Natural philosophy 1513: 1425: 1294:types of syllogism 1290:Aristotelian logic 1238:types of syllogism 1235: 1139: 1128:Nicomachean Ethics 1080:mathematical logic 1029:Chalcis, on Euboea 994:Nicomachean Ethics 972: 898: 834: 733:Christian theology 678:, tutored his son 622:Peripatetic school 421:Theory of elements 383:Natural philosophy 324:Aristotelian logic 273:Natural philosophy 232:Peripatetic school 217:Western philosophy 168:Nicomachean Ethics 26404:Students of Plato 26269:Humor researchers 25993: 25992: 25987: 25986: 25945: 25944: 25885: 25884: 25881: 25880: 25877: 25876: 25451:Iberian Peninsula 25383:Lipara/Meligounis 25349: 25348: 25027: 25026: 25023: 25022: 25000:Cypriot syllabary 24891: 24890: 24800:Athenian Treasury 24784: 24783: 24456: 24455: 24452: 24451: 24045:Ptolemaic dynasty 24005:Archons of Athens 23960: 23959: 23956: 23955: 23831:Athenian military 23812: 23811: 23645:League of Corinth 23627:Thessalian League 23603:Chalcidian League 23585:Acarnanian League 23495:Ptolemaic Kingdom 23307: 23306: 23303: 23302: 23078: 23077: 23060:Oswald de Andrade 22897:Hans Robert Jauss 22872:E. D. Hirsch, Jr. 22768:John Crowe Ransom 22663:Stéphane Mallarmé 22633:Søren Kierkegaard 22453:Giambattista Vico 22243:Russian formalism 22208:Marxist criticism 22103: 22102: 22013:Philosophy of law 21958:Conflict theories 21798:The Spirit of Law 21705: 21704: 20754:Original position 20210: 20209: 20182:Philosophy portal 19943:The Spirit of Law 19581:Philosophy of law 19561:Economic analysis 19546:Constitutionalism 19483: 19482: 18985:Dynamic semantics 18628: 18627: 18574: 18573: 18192:Marcello Malpighi 18086:Ulisse Aldrovandi 18066:De Materia Medica 17954: 17953: 17921:Social philosophy 17906:Population ethics 17896:Philosophy of law 17876:History of ethics 17359:Political freedom 17036:Euthyphro dilemma 16827:Suffering-focused 16747: 16746: 15926:Category of being 15895:Truthmaker theory 15712: 15711: 15499: 15498: 15451:Metabasis paradox 15412: 15411: 15352: 15351: 15339:Pietro Pomponazzi 15281: 15280: 15261: 15260: 15210: 15209: 15162:Eudemus of Rhodes 15152:Clearchus of Soli 15126: 15125: 14794:On Interpretation 14737:Temporal finitism 14625:Genus–differentia 14582:Category of being 14467:Aristotle's Works 14402:Project Gutenberg 14332:"Aristotle" 14304:Non-contradiction 14107:Library resources 14066:978-0-8014-2319-2 13985:978-0-511-49828-2 13938:978-1-930972-73-5 13879:978-88-424-9737-0 13828:Irwin, Terence H. 13819:978-1-930972-05-6 13800:978-1-930972-21-6 13725:978-1-930972-83-4 13708:978-0-8057-2064-8 13604:978-1-4120-4843-9 13573:978-0-8014-2688-9 13482:"John Philoponus" 13480:Wildberg (2016). 13446:978-0-87477-594-5 13417:978-0-598-91975-5 13402:Warren, Howard C. 13351:978-3-030-39690-9 13242:Susskind, Leonard 13204:978-0-7156-2254-4 13099:978-0-19-518748-9 13078:978-0-520-25364-3 13057:978-0-671-31400-2 12994:978-0-520-20227-6 12955:978-0-307-64360-5 12917:"Predicate Logic" 12888:978-1-4027-5796-9 12850:978-0-7007-0314-2 12738:New Scholasticism 12728:978-0-19-283043-2 12715:Medawar, Peter B. 12706:978-0-415-92392-7 12685:978-0-674-36446-2 12663:978-0-674-36446-2 12656:. Belknap Press. 12629:978-0-02-093400-4 12622:. Collier Books. 12608:978-0-241-24126-4 12577:"Galileo Galilei" 12482:978-0-674-36153-9 12460:978-0-521-55695-8 12438:978-0-521-09456-6 12412:978-0-226-48205-7 12389:978-1-4088-3622-4 12345:978-0-936260-77-8 12259:978-0-674-03572-0 12201:978-0-7456-1977-4 12182:978-0-415-25069-6 12155:978-0-691-02005-1 12114:978-0-15-538312-8 12073:978-0-87220-339-6 11943:978-0-691-03862-9 11898:978-0-19-823745-7 11871:978-0-691-09258-4 11845:978-1-84792-407-0 11819:978-3-11-013699-9 11798:978-0-521-38760-6 11777:978-0-521-29420-1 11758:978-1-880393-32-1 11731:978-0-520-27586-7 11708:978-3-11-082017-1 11687:978-0-226-28425-5 11666:978-0-271-01730-3 11560:978-0-671-73916-4 11459:(18): 5805–5816. 11340:978-0-521-42973-3 11319:978-1-59102-089-9 11282:978-90-04-16046-0 11226:978-0-393-92592-0 11205:978-0-19-815222-4 11181:978-0-521-42294-9 11155:978-0-19-285408-7 11070:978-0-19-953873-7 11051:978-0-226-92184-6 10963:"Prior Analytics" 10738:978-80-7484-292-4 10714:978-0-19-285357-8 10695:978-1-118-59243-4 10613:978-0-14-044649-4 10399:. Vol. XIII. 10382:, pp. 10–15. 10281:Aristotelis Opera 10244:(February 2017). 10075:978-0-300-12539-9 10044:978-0-674-07227-5 9990:Dijksterhuis 1969 9918:978-1-60795-033-2 9885:978-0-520-27139-5 9673:, pp. 59–60. 9473:, pp. 90–94. 9413:, pp. 90–91. 9286:Natural Law Forum 9227:, pp. 70–77. 9114:. 13 January 2023 8969:, pp. 56–60. 8852:, pp. 16–28. 8833:, pp. 20–24. 8395:, pp. 43–44. 8110:, pp. 72–74. 7892:independent.co.uk 7653:, pp. 88–90. 7629:, pp. 23–40. 7579:, pp. 60–84. 7477:, pp. 43–47. 7288:, pp. 81–89. 7238:, p. T44a-e. 7202:, pp. 72–73. 7147:, pp. 58–59. 7076:, pp. 58–63. 7028:978-1-4786-3580-2 6748:type of syllogism 6702:, pp. 3–16; 6500:Luca della Robbia 6342:Alessandro Turchi 6257:anachronistically 6157:Depictions in art 6120:Neleus of Scepsis 6011:. The concept of 5979:in particular of 5924:in his 1854 book 5857:Samuel ibn Tibbon 5771:Gerard of Cremona 5640:theory of impetus 5494:Eudemos of Rhodes 5439:History of Plants 5266:Bénigne Gagneraux 5251:Stephen Halliwell 5142: 5141: 5069:Rogerian argument 4816:Panegyrici Latini 3908:The age of Cicero 3573: 3572: 3215: 3214: 2936:, including eggs 2291:volcanic eruption 2271:geological change 2259:volcanic eruption 2257:changed before a 2202:accidental things 2163:History of optics 2058:theory of impetus 1989: 1869: 1868: 1652:Classical element 1521:) and actuality ( 1286: 1285: 1206:On Interpretation 1165:On Interpretation 958:of Aristotle; an 865:to the island of 830:Macedonia, Greece 747:tradition of the 735:, especially the 721:the Enlightenment 713:Early Middle Ages 563: 562: 120:Macedonian Empire 96:Chalcidian League 16:(Redirected from 26431: 26424:Classical theism 26414:Virtue ethicists 26259:Greek geologists 26159:Acting theorists 26106: 26105: 26104: 26094: 26093: 26092: 26082: 26081: 26080: 26070: 26069: 26068: 26058: 26057: 26056: 26046: 26045: 26044: 26034: 26033: 26032: 26022: 26021: 26010: 26009: 26001: 25977: 25976: 25967: 25957: 25956: 25891: 25890: 25609: 25608: 25108:Heraclea Lucania 25061: 25060: 25052: 25051: 25033: 25032: 24793: 24792: 24725:Twelve Olympians 24696: 24695: 24486: 24485: 24462: 24461: 24050:Seleucid dynasty 24030:Kings of Paionia 23979: 23978: 23966: 23965: 23836:Scythian archers 23743:Graphe paranomon 23673: 23672: 23580: 23577: 23567: 23564: 23548: 23545: 23535: 23531: 23528: 23342: 23341: 23313: 23312: 23192:Classical Greece 23177:Mycenaean Greece 23157: 23156: 23133: 23132: 23105: 23098: 23091: 23082: 23081: 23055:Yokomitsu Riichi 23025:J. Hillis Miller 22990:Geoffrey Hartman 22947:Elaine Showalter 22907:Raymond Williams 22867:Martin Heidegger 22857:Gaston Bachelard 22822:Jean-Paul Sartre 22807:Monroe Beardsley 22763:Georges Bataille 22743:Boris Eikhenbaum 22718:Viktor Shklovsky 22588:John Stuart Mill 22573:Giacomo Leopardi 22418:Pierre Corneille 22275: 22258:Source criticism 22130: 22123: 22116: 22107: 22106: 22018:Political ethics 22008:Machiavellianism 21948:Authoritarianism 21933: 21923: 21913: 21903: 21893: 21883: 21873: 21863: 21853: 21843: 21833: 21823: 21813: 21803: 21793: 21783: 21773: 21763: 21753: 21743: 21733: 21723: 20799: 20798: 20740: 20676: 20666:Balance of power 20640:Social democracy 20635:Social Darwinism 20610:Multiculturalism 20555:Environmentalism 20530:Communitarianism 20237: 20230: 20223: 20214: 20213: 20190: 20189: 20175: 20165: 20164: 20045:Legal positivism 19998: 19988: 19978: 19968: 19958: 19948: 19938: 19928: 19586:Sociology of law 19510: 19503: 19496: 19487: 19486: 19445:Formal semantics 19393:Related articles 19385: 19375: 19365: 19355: 19345: 19335: 19325: 19315: 19305: 19295: 19285: 19275: 19265: 19255: 19025:Relevance theory 19020:Phallogocentrism 18655: 18648: 18641: 18632: 18631: 18582: 18555:The Dancing Bees 18479:Richard Lydekker 18427:Jean-Henri Fabre 18412:William Buckland 18217:Regnier de Graaf 18111:Andrea Cesalpino 18001: 18000: 17981: 17974: 17967: 17958: 17957: 17944: 17943: 17891:Moral psychology 17836: 17828: 17820: 17816:Practical Ethics 17812: 17804: 17800:Principia Ethica 17796: 17788: 17780: 17772: 17764: 17756: 17748: 17740: 17732: 17724: 17716: 17708: 17704:Ethics (Spinoza) 17700: 17339:Moral imperative 16797:Consequentialism 16774: 16767: 16760: 16751: 16750: 16737: 16736: 16735: 16725: 16724: 16634: 16624: 16614: 16604: 16594: 16584: 16574: 16564: 16554: 16544: 16534: 16524: 16514: 16504: 16494: 16484: 16474: 16464: 16454: 16130:Substantial form 15942:Cogito, ergo sum 15885:Substance theory 15739: 15732: 15725: 15716: 15715: 15674:Boethus of Sidon 15648:Diodorus of Tyre 15539: 15532: 15525: 15516: 15515: 15503: 15502: 15489: 15488: 15487: 15477: 15476: 15354: 15353: 15334:Jacopo Zabarella 15283: 15282: 15263: 15262: 15212: 15211: 15192:Diodorus of Tyre 15135: 15134: 14777: 14776: 14707:Substance theory 14668:Moderate realism 14662:Minima naturalia 14563:Active intellect 14516: 14509: 14502: 14493: 14492: 14459: 14447:Tufts University 14441: 14427: 14426: 14411:Internet Archive 14372: 14360: 14349: 14348: 14342: 14334: 14309:Political theory 14095: 14082: 14075:Veatch, Henry B. 14070: 14058: 14045:The City and Man 14029: 14017: 14001: 13989: 13962: 13949: 13909:Introduction to 13890: 13859: 13850: 13838: 13823: 13804: 13785: 13746: 13712: 13700: 13689: 13673: 13644: 13615: 13614:. North-Holland. 13590: 13577: 13558: 13544: 13513: 13500:Zalta, Edward N. 13495: 13486:Zalta, Edward N. 13476: 13474: 13472: 13458: 13450: 13429: 13397: 13395: 13393: 13388:on 9 August 2019 13384:. Archived from 13368:Thompson, D'Arcy 13363: 13328: 13322: 13320: 13304: 13302: 13300: 13288: 13286: 13284: 13279:on 27 March 2006 13275:. Archived from 13260: 13258: 13256: 13237: 13208: 13191:Sorabji, Richard 13186: 13173: 13171: 13169: 13154: 13145:Zalta, Edward N. 13135: 13118: 13109:Zalta, Edward N. 13103: 13082: 13061: 13040: 13022: 12998: 12986: 12968: 12959: 12948:. Golden Press. 12938: 12936: 12934: 12928: 12921: 12912: 12910: 12908: 12892: 12871: 12869: 12867: 12854: 12843:. Curzon Press. 12835: 12790: 12780: 12769: 12753: 12732: 12710: 12689: 12667: 12655: 12641: 12612: 12590: 12581:Zalta, Edward N. 12571: 12561: 12528: 12506: 12504: 12502: 12486: 12464: 12442: 12416: 12404: 12393: 12369: 12367: 12365: 12349: 12326: 12324: 12322: 12317:on 11 April 2009 12313:. 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(2013). 11443: 11442: 11440: 11425: 11407: 11386: 11384: 11382: 11365: 11353: 11344: 11323: 11299: 11286: 11265: 11255: 11230: 11209: 11190:Barnes, Jonathan 11185: 11164:Barnes, Jonathan 11159: 11142:Barnes, Jonathan 11137: 11120: 11118: 11116: 11098: 11086: 11074: 11055: 11043: 11032: 11023: 11021: 11019: 10983: 10970: 10967:classics.mit.edu 10957: 10955: 10953: 10946:classics.mit.edu 10936: 10934: 10932: 10925:classics.mit.edu 10915: 10913: 10911: 10904:classics.mit.edu 10894: 10892: 10890: 10883:classics.mit.edu 10873: 10870:classics.mit.edu 10860: 10858: 10856: 10849:classics.mit.edu 10839: 10837: 10835: 10828:classics.mit.edu 10818: 10816: 10814: 10794: 10792: 10790: 10778: 10776: 10774: 10759: 10757: 10755: 10742: 10728:Summa Theologica 10718: 10699: 10680: 10678: 10676: 10660: 10642: 10617: 10584: 10583: 10581: 10579: 10565: 10559: 10553: 10547: 10541: 10535: 10529: 10523: 10517: 10511: 10505: 10499: 10493: 10487: 10481: 10475: 10469: 10463: 10462: 10451: 10445: 10444: 10435:Grant, Alexander 10430: 10417: 10414: 10400: 10389: 10383: 10377: 10371: 10365: 10359: 10358:, pp. 1–69. 10353: 10347: 10341: 10335: 10329: 10323: 10317: 10311: 10305: 10296: 10290: 10284: 10278: 10272: 10266: 10260: 10259: 10238: 10232: 10231: 10197: 10191: 10185: 10179: 10173: 10167: 10161: 10155: 10154: 10144: 10120: 10114: 10113: 10111: 10109: 10098: 10092: 10086: 10080: 10079: 10055: 10049: 10048: 10026: 10020: 10014: 10008: 10002: 9993: 9987: 9981: 9975: 9969: 9968: 9966: 9964: 9952: 9946: 9937: 9931: 9930: 9904: 9898: 9897: 9867: 9861: 9855: 9849: 9843: 9837: 9831: 9825: 9822: 9816: 9813: 9807: 9804: 9798: 9795: 9789: 9788: 9787:. 26 March 2023. 9777: 9771: 9765: 9759: 9753: 9747: 9741: 9735: 9728: 9722: 9716: 9710: 9704: 9698: 9692: 9686: 9680: 9674: 9668: 9662: 9656: 9650: 9644: 9638: 9635:Kennedy-Day 1998 9632: 9623: 9622: 9604: 9598: 9592: 9586: 9580: 9574: 9568: 9562: 9556: 9550: 9549: 9531: 9525: 9524: 9522: 9520: 9505: 9499: 9498: 9480: 9474: 9468: 9462: 9456: 9450: 9444: 9438: 9432: 9426: 9420: 9414: 9408: 9402: 9396: 9390: 9381: 9379: 9377: 9368:. 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Oil on panel, 6268: 6248: 6230: 6184:Jusepe de Ribera 5993:animal behaviour 5959:Bertrand Russell 5957:The philosopher 5882:blood circulated 5843:Moses Maimonides 5838:Medieval Judaism 5791:Summa Theologica 5760: 5757: 5753: 5750: 5694:Islamic theology 5687: 5684: 5580:natural theology 5506:Mnason of Phocis 5277:Oedipus Tyrannus 5134: 5127: 5120: 5034:List of speeches 4881: 4871: 4861: 4851: 4841: 4831: 4821: 4811: 4801: 4791: 4781: 4771: 4761: 4751: 4741: 4731: 4721: 4711: 4701: 4691: 4681: 4485:Neo-Aristotelian 4052:Figure of speech 3913:Second Sophistic 3849: 3826: 3825: 3771:private property 3753:economic thought 3736: 3428: 3325:, and thinking. 3324: 3269:(intellect) and 3211: 3207: 3183: 3179: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3114: 3110: 3082:(mineral shell) 3081: 3077: 3047: 3043: 3012: 3008: 2973: 2969: 2935: 2931: 2899: 2895: 2867: 2863: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2794: 2790: 2760: 2756: 2729: 2725: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2689: 2658: 2648: 2532:gestation period 2478:Scientific style 2387:Parts of Animals 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24480: 24479: 24448: 24439:Thracian Greeks 24422: 24413:Olympic victors 24391: 24233: 24120: 24064: 24055:Kings of Sparta 24040:Kings of Pontus 24010:Kings of Athens 23986: 23973: 23952: 23848:Army of Macedon 23808: 23785: 23757: 23714: 23662: 23635:(370–c. 230 BC) 23633:Arcadian League 23617:(c. 400–188 BC) 23615:Aetolian League 23609:Boeotian League 23591:Hellenic League 23578: 23565: 23555:(c. 650–404 BC) 23546: 23540:Italiote League 23533: 23529: 23523:Doric Hexapolis 23513: 23504: 23500:Seleucid Empire 23443: 23336: 23335: 23299: 23206: 23182:Greek Dark Ages 23151: 23150: 23127: 23114: 23109: 23079: 23074: 23030:Clifford Geertz 22985:Jonathan Culler 22912:Lionel Trilling 22892:Michel Foucault 22882:Jacques Derrida 22758:Mikhail Bakhtin 22713:Walter Benjamin 22678:Antonio Gramsci 22673:Benedetto Croce 22618:Hippolyte Taine 22608:Edgar Allan Poe 22483:Joshua Reynolds 22276: 22267: 22218:New historicism 22145:Literary theory 22139: 22134: 22104: 22099: 22086: 22075:Totalitarianism 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18227:Systema Naturae 18166: 18138:Frederik Ruysch 18116:Valerius Cordus 18106:Hieronymus Bock 18072: 18054:Natural History 18049:Pliny the Elder 18006: 17996: 17990: 17988:Natural history 17985: 17955: 17950: 17932: 17839: 17834: 17826: 17818: 17810: 17802: 17794: 17786: 17778: 17770: 17762: 17754: 17746: 17738: 17730: 17722: 17714: 17706: 17698: 17684: 17457: 17450: 17374:Self-discipline 17334:Moral hierarchy 17282:Problem of evil 17227:Double standard 17217:Culture of life 17175: 17104: 17051:Non-cognitivism 16966: 16841: 16783: 16778: 16748: 16743: 16733: 16731: 16713: 16637: 16632: 16622: 16612: 16602: 16592: 16582: 16572: 16562: 16552: 16542: 16532: 16522: 16512: 16502: 16492: 16482: 16479:De rerum natura 16472: 16462: 16452: 16436: 16176: 16080:Physical object 15916:Abstract object 15904: 15890:Theory of forms 15825:Meaning of life 15748: 15743: 15713: 15708: 15652: 15551: 15543: 15508: 15500: 15495: 15485: 15483: 15465: 15408: 15348: 15344:Cesar Cremonini 15300:Albertus Magnus 15277: 15257: 15206: 15122: 15078:Physiognomonics 15073:On Things Heard 15068:On the Universe 15029: 15013: 14971:Parva Naturalia 14965: 14944: 14930:Eudemian Ethics 14910: 14894: 14856: 14818: 14799:Prior Analytics 14766: 14690:Rational animal 14551: 14525: 14523:Aristotelianism 14520: 14478:Wayback Machine 14457: 14443:Perseus Project 14439: 14424: 14387:Standard Ebooks 14351: 14346: 14328: 14323: 14232: 14174:2553 Aristotle 14161: 14160: 14159: 14136: 14135: 14115: 14114: 14110: 14103: 14098: 14085: 14073: 14067: 14050: 14047:, Rand McNally. 14022:Ross, Sir David 14020: 14011: 13992: 13986: 13965: 13952: 13943: 13897:, Polity Press. 13884: 13853: 13847: 13836: 13826: 13820: 13807: 13801: 13788: 13780:. Vol. 6. 13775: 13762:Wayback Machine 13737: 13709: 13692: 13679: 13662:10.2307/2025076 13656:(19): 679–696. 13647: 13638: 13609: 13587:Clarendon Press 13580: 13574: 13561: 13547: 13538: 13521: 13519:Further reading 13516: 13470: 13468: 13463:. 19 May 2001. 13447: 13418: 13391: 13389: 13352: 13318: 13316: 13298: 13296: 13282: 13280: 13254: 13252: 13226:10.2307/2709566 13205: 13167: 13165: 13100: 13079: 13058: 12995: 12956: 12932: 12930: 12926: 12919: 12906: 12904: 12889: 12865: 12863: 12862:. ArtCyclopedia 12851: 12758:Modrak, Deborah 12729: 12707: 12686: 12664: 12630: 12609: 12500: 12498: 12483: 12461: 12447:Lloyd, G. E. R. 12439: 12421:Lloyd, G. E. R. 12413: 12390: 12363: 12361: 12346: 12320: 12318: 12260: 12219: 12217: 12202: 12183: 12156: 12115: 12093: 12091: 12074: 12066:. Hackett Pub. 12048: 11955: 11944: 11899: 11872: 11846: 11836:The Bodley Head 11820: 11799: 11778: 11759: 11732: 11709: 11688: 11667: 11580:Ebenstein, Alan 11561: 11438: 11436: 11380: 11378: 11341: 11320: 11292:"Ancient Logic" 11283: 11227: 11206: 11182: 11168:"Life and Work" 11156: 11114: 11112: 11071: 11052: 11017: 11015: 10951: 10949: 10930: 10928: 10909: 10907: 10888: 10886: 10854: 10852: 10833: 10831: 10812: 10810: 10788: 10786: 10772: 10770: 10753: 10751: 10739: 10723:Aquinas, Thomas 10715: 10696: 10674: 10672: 10614: 10592: 10587: 10577: 10575: 10567: 10566: 10562: 10554: 10550: 10542: 10538: 10530: 10526: 10518: 10514: 10506: 10502: 10494: 10490: 10482: 10478: 10470: 10466: 10452: 10448: 10431: 10420: 10390: 10386: 10378: 10374: 10366: 10362: 10354: 10350: 10342: 10338: 10330: 10326: 10318: 10314: 10306: 10299: 10291: 10287: 10279: 10275: 10267: 10263: 10256: 10239: 10235: 10220: 10198: 10194: 10186: 10182: 10174: 10170: 10162: 10158: 10121: 10117: 10107: 10105: 10100: 10099: 10095: 10087: 10083: 10076: 10056: 10052: 10045: 10027: 10023: 10015: 10011: 10003: 9996: 9988: 9984: 9976: 9972: 9962: 9960: 9953: 9949: 9938: 9934: 9919: 9905: 9901: 9886: 9868: 9864: 9856: 9852: 9844: 9840: 9832: 9828: 9823: 9819: 9814: 9810: 9805: 9801: 9796: 9792: 9779: 9778: 9774: 9766: 9762: 9754: 9750: 9742: 9738: 9729: 9725: 9717: 9713: 9705: 9701: 9693: 9689: 9681: 9677: 9669: 9665: 9657: 9653: 9645: 9641: 9633: 9626: 9605: 9601: 9593: 9589: 9581: 9577: 9569: 9565: 9557: 9553: 9546: 9532: 9528: 9518: 9516: 9506: 9502: 9495: 9481: 9477: 9469: 9465: 9457: 9453: 9445: 9441: 9433: 9429: 9421: 9417: 9409: 9405: 9397: 9393: 9375: 9373: 9372:on 21 July 2016 9364: 9354: 9313: 9279: 9262: 9258: 9250: 9243: 9235: 9231: 9223: 9212: 9204: 9200: 9192: 9188: 9180: 9176: 9155: 9151: 9143: 9139: 9131: 9127: 9117: 9115: 9106: 9105: 9101: 9091: 9089: 9080: 9079: 9075: 9067: 9063: 9055: 9051: 9043: 9039: 9029: 9027: 9013: 9009: 9001: 8997: 8993:, p. XXVI. 8989: 8985: 8977: 8973: 8965: 8961: 8953: 8949: 8941: 8937: 8929: 8925: 8917: 8913: 8905: 8892: 8884: 8880: 8876:, pp. 3–7. 8872: 8868: 8860: 8856: 8848: 8837: 8829: 8820: 8812: 8805: 8797: 8793: 8785: 8781: 8773: 8769: 8761: 8757: 8749: 8745: 8737: 8733: 8725: 8721: 8713: 8706: 8698: 8694: 8686: 8682: 8674: 8661: 8653: 8638: 8630: 8626: 8618: 8614: 8606: 8602: 8596:Carruthers 2007 8594: 8590: 8582: 8578: 8570: 8566: 8558: 8554: 8548:Carruthers 2007 8546: 8542: 8534: 8530: 8522: 8518: 8509: 8505: 8485: 8481: 8472: 8468: 8459: 8455: 8439: 8435: 8427: 8423: 8415: 8411: 8403: 8399: 8391: 8387: 8350: 8346: 8303: 8299: 8256: 8252: 8207: 8203: 8196: 8188:. p. 346. 8178: 8174: 8166: 8162: 8154: 8150: 8142: 8138: 8130: 8126: 8118: 8114: 8106: 8102: 8094: 8090: 8082: 8078: 8070: 8063: 8055: 8051: 8043: 8039: 8031: 8027: 8019: 8015: 8007: 8003: 7995: 7991: 7983: 7979: 7971: 7967: 7959: 7955: 7947: 7943: 7935: 7931: 7923: 7919: 7911: 7907: 7897: 7895: 7886: 7885: 7881: 7873: 7869: 7861: 7857: 7849: 7845: 7835: 7833: 7820: 7816: 7805: 7801: 7793: 7789: 7781: 7777: 7769: 7765: 7757: 7753: 7749:, p. 1. 8. 7745: 7741: 7733: 7729: 7721: 7717: 7709: 7705: 7697: 7690: 7682: 7678: 7670: 7657: 7649: 7645: 7637: 7633: 7625: 7604: 7596: 7583: 7575: 7554: 7546: 7539: 7531: 7524: 7516: 7505: 7497: 7493: 7485: 7481: 7473: 7469: 7461: 7457: 7449: 7445: 7437: 7422: 7416:Predicate Logic 7414: 7410: 7402: 7393: 7385: 7376: 7368: 7364: 7358:Prior Analytics 7356: 7352: 7344: 7340: 7332: 7328: 7320: 7316: 7308: 7304: 7296: 7292: 7284: 7280: 7276:, p. 3862. 7272: 7268: 7258: 7256: 7246: 7242: 7234: 7230: 7222: 7218: 7210: 7206: 7198: 7194: 7186: 7182: 7174: 7163: 7155: 7151: 7143: 7136: 7128: 7121: 7113: 7104: 7096: 7092: 7084: 7080: 7072: 7068: 7060: 7056: 7048: 7044: 7029: 7015: 7011: 7003: 6999: 6991: 6987: 6979: 6970: 6962: 6958: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6940: 6931: 6927: 6902: 6898: 6893: 6889: 6884: 6880: 6863: 6859: 6853: 6849: 6844: 6840: 6823: 6819: 6813: 6809: 6800: 6796: 6783: 6779: 6774: 6770: 6765: 6761: 6745: 6741: 6714: 6710: 6697: 6693: 6682: 6681: 6677: 6668: 6636: 6632: 6631: 6627: 6623: 6618: 6596: 6550: 6543: 6542:, Germany, 1915 6538:Bronze statue, 6536: 6527: 6516: 6507: 6496: 6487: 6484: 6475: 6465: 6456: 6449: 6441: 6435: 6426: 6423:Francesco Hayez 6416: 6407: 6397: 6388: 6375: 6366: 6354: 6345: 6332: 6323: 6313: 6304: 6294: 6285: 6282: 6276:Justus van Gent 6269: 6260: 6249: 6240: 6231: 6209:vanishing point 6192:Francesco Hayez 6172:Justus van Gent 6164: 6159: 6080: 6074: 6062:Immanuel Bekker 6043: 6037: 6032: 6030:Surviving works 5995:; they examine 5955: 5953:Present science 5922:algebraic logic 5914: 5898:Galileo Galilei 5896:in England and 5865: 5840: 5775:James of Venice 5758: 5751: 5741: 5735:Aristotelianism 5731: 5729:Medieval Europe 5685: 5669: 5659: 5635:John Philoponus 5626: 5616: 5596: 5570:challenged the 5533: 5527: 5470: 5464: 5409: 5401:Main articles: 5399: 5383:Jonathan Barnes 5363: 5357: 5322: 5216: 5210: 5148: 5138: 5109: 5108: 5054:Public rhetoric 4992: 4991: 4982: 4981: 4930:Native American 4895: 4894: 4885: 4884: 4879: 4869: 4859: 4849: 4839: 4829: 4819: 4809: 4799: 4789: 4779: 4769: 4759: 4749: 4739: 4729: 4719: 4709: 4699: 4689: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4660: 4659: 4500: 4499: 4490: 4489: 4433: 4432: 4421: 4420: 4311:Funeral oration 4301:Farewell speech 4258:Socratic method 4214: 4213: 4204: 4203: 3966: 3965: 3956: 3955: 3861: 3860: 3824: 3749: 3743: 3737: 3730: 3695:state of nature 3691:social contract 3659: 3653: 3584: 3578: 3544:Just resentment 3481:Obsequiousness 3453:Lack of purpose 3445:High-mindedness 3404: 3376: 3370: 3318: 3303: 3231: 3225: 3220: 3209: 3205: 3181: 3177: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3112: 3108: 3079: 3075: 3045: 3041: 3010: 3006: 2978:like tetrapods 2971: 2967: 2958:with blood 2942: 2933: 2929: 2920:with blood 2897: 2893: 2884:with blood 2865: 2861: 2852:with blood 2830: 2826: 2822: 2813:with blood 2792: 2788: 2779:with blood 2758: 2754: 2745:with blood 2727: 2723: 2714:with blood 2700: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2665: 2550: 2544: 2530:increases with 2518:is scientific. 2480: 2464:common ancestor 2360: 2339: 2333: 2287:Aeolian islands 2255:Aeolian islands 2247: 2241: 2216: 2210: 2198: 2192: 2165: 2159: 2126:efficient cause 2092:efficient cause 2086:), its design ( 2072: 2066: 2030:John Philoponus 1981: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1904: 1901: 1900: 1880: 1874: 1859: 1851: 1828: 1823: 1801: 1796: 1774: 1769: 1747: 1742: 1728: 1717: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1654: 1648: 1643: 1621: 1600: 1570: 1464: 1402: 1396: 1348: 1342: 1312: 1306: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1270: 1262: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1248: 1172:Prior Analytics 1106: 1100: 1075:Prior Analytics 1070: 1064: 1058: 1053: 838:Plato's Academy 784: 749:Catholic Church 671: 649:northern Greece 555: 504:Natural slavery 440: 439: 434: 430:Rational animal 385: 384: 379: 320: 319: 313:Aristotelianism 309: 302: 261: 236: 194: 137: 122: 109: 106: 98: 89: 80: 76: 53: 50: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 26437: 26427: 26426: 26421: 26416: 26411: 26406: 26401: 26396: 26391: 26386: 26381: 26376: 26371: 26366: 26361: 26356: 26351: 26346: 26341: 26336: 26331: 26326: 26321: 26316: 26311: 26306: 26301: 26296: 26291: 26286: 26281: 26276: 26271: 26266: 26261: 26256: 26251: 26246: 26241: 26236: 26231: 26226: 26221: 26216: 26211: 26206: 26201: 26196: 26191: 26186: 26181: 26176: 26171: 26166: 26161: 26156: 26151: 26146: 26141: 26136: 26131: 26126: 26111: 26110: 26098: 26096:Ancient Greece 26086: 26074: 26062: 26050: 26038: 26036:Earth sciences 26026: 26014: 25991: 25990: 25985: 25984: 25982: 25981: 25971: 25961: 25950: 25947: 25946: 25943: 25942: 25940: 25939: 25934: 25929: 25924: 25919: 25914: 25913: 25912: 25901: 25898: 25897: 25887: 25886: 25883: 25882: 25879: 25878: 25875: 25874: 25872: 25871: 25866: 25861: 25856: 25851: 25846: 25841: 25836: 25831: 25826: 25821: 25816: 25811: 25806: 25801: 25796: 25791: 25786: 25781: 25776: 25771: 25766: 25761: 25756: 25751: 25746: 25740: 25738: 25732: 25731: 25729: 25728: 25723: 25718: 25713: 25708: 25703: 25698: 25693: 25688: 25683: 25678: 25673: 25668: 25663: 25658: 25653: 25648: 25643: 25638: 25633: 25628: 25623: 25617: 25615: 25606: 25598: 25597: 25595: 25594: 25589: 25584: 25579: 25574: 25569: 25564: 25559: 25554: 25549: 25544: 25539: 25533: 25531: 25525: 25524: 25522: 25521: 25516: 25511: 25506: 25501: 25496: 25491: 25486: 25481: 25476: 25471: 25466: 25461: 25455: 25453: 25447: 25446: 25444: 25443: 25438: 25428: 25423: 25418: 25412: 25410: 25404: 25403: 25401: 25400: 25395: 25390: 25385: 25380: 25375: 25370: 25365: 25359: 25357: 25351: 25350: 25347: 25346: 25344: 25343: 25338: 25333: 25328: 25323: 25318: 25313: 25308: 25303: 25301:Megara Hyblaea 25298: 25293: 25288: 25283: 25281:Hybla Gereatis 25278: 25273: 25271:Heraclea Minoa 25268: 25263: 25258: 25253: 25248: 25243: 25238: 25233: 25228: 25223: 25217: 25215: 25209: 25208: 25206: 25205: 25200: 25195: 25190: 25185: 25180: 25175: 25170: 25165: 25160: 25155: 25150: 25145: 25140: 25135: 25130: 25125: 25120: 25115: 25110: 25105: 25100: 25095: 25090: 25085: 25080: 25075: 25069: 25067: 25058: 25048: 25047: 25044: 25043: 25037: 25029: 25028: 25025: 25024: 25021: 25020: 25018: 25017: 25015:Attic numerals 25012: 25010:Greek numerals 25007: 25005:Greek alphabet 25002: 24997: 24992: 24986: 24984: 24978: 24977: 24975: 24974: 24969: 24968: 24967: 24962: 24957: 24952: 24947: 24942: 24937: 24932: 24927: 24917: 24912: 24907: 24901: 24899: 24893: 24892: 24889: 24888: 24886: 24885: 24880: 24875: 24870: 24865: 24860: 24855: 24850: 24845: 24839: 24837: 24831: 24830: 24828: 24827: 24822: 24817: 24812: 24807: 24802: 24796: 24790: 24786: 24785: 24782: 24781: 24779: 24778: 24773: 24768: 24763: 24758: 24753: 24748: 24742: 24740: 24736: 24735: 24733: 24732: 24727: 24722: 24717: 24716: 24715: 24705: 24699: 24693: 24687: 24686: 24684: 24683: 24678: 24673: 24668: 24663: 24662: 24661: 24659:Musical system 24651: 24646: 24641: 24636: 24631: 24630: 24629: 24618: 24616: 24609: 24608: 24606: 24605: 24600: 24595: 24590: 24585: 24580: 24575: 24570: 24565: 24560: 24555: 24550: 24545: 24540: 24535: 24530: 24525: 24520: 24515: 24510: 24505: 24500: 24494: 24492: 24482: 24481: 24478: 24477: 24472: 24466: 24458: 24457: 24454: 24453: 24450: 24449: 24447: 24446: 24441: 24436: 24430: 24428: 24424: 24423: 24421: 24420: 24415: 24410: 24405: 24399: 24397: 24393: 24392: 24390: 24389: 24384: 24379: 24374: 24369: 24364: 24359: 24354: 24349: 24344: 24339: 24334: 24329: 24324: 24319: 24314: 24309: 24304: 24299: 24294: 24289: 24284: 24279: 24274: 24269: 24264: 24259: 24254: 24249: 24243: 24241: 24235: 24234: 24232: 24231: 24226: 24221: 24216: 24211: 24206: 24201: 24196: 24191: 24186: 24181: 24176: 24171: 24166: 24161: 24156: 24151: 24146: 24141: 24136: 24130: 24128: 24122: 24121: 24119: 24118: 24113: 24108: 24103: 24098: 24093: 24091:Mathematicians 24088: 24083: 24078: 24072: 24070: 24066: 24065: 24063: 24062: 24057: 24052: 24047: 24042: 24037: 24032: 24027: 24022: 24017: 24012: 24007: 24002: 24000:Kings of Argos 23996: 23994: 23988: 23987: 23975: 23974: 23962: 23961: 23958: 23957: 23954: 23953: 23951: 23950: 23945: 23940: 23935: 23930: 23925: 23920: 23915: 23910: 23905: 23900: 23895: 23890: 23885: 23880: 23875: 23870: 23865: 23860: 23858:Cretan archers 23855: 23850: 23845: 23840: 23839: 23838: 23828: 23822: 23820: 23814: 23813: 23810: 23809: 23807: 23806: 23801: 23795: 23793: 23787: 23786: 23784: 23783: 23778: 23773: 23767: 23765: 23759: 23758: 23756: 23755: 23750: 23745: 23740: 23735: 23730: 23724: 23722: 23716: 23715: 23713: 23712: 23707: 23702: 23697: 23692: 23687: 23682: 23676: 23670: 23664: 23663: 23661: 23660: 23657:Achaean League 23654: 23651:Euboean League 23648: 23642: 23639:Epirote League 23636: 23630: 23624: 23618: 23612: 23606: 23600: 23594: 23588: 23587:(c. 500–31 BC) 23582: 23569: 23556: 23550: 23537: 23519: 23517: 23515:Confederations 23506: 23505: 23503: 23502: 23497: 23492: 23487: 23482: 23477: 23472: 23467: 23462: 23457: 23451: 23449: 23445: 23444: 23442: 23441: 23439:Lissus (Crete) 23436: 23431: 23426: 23421: 23416: 23411: 23406: 23401: 23396: 23391: 23386: 23381: 23376: 23371: 23366: 23361: 23356: 23350: 23348: 23338: 23337: 23334: 23333: 23328: 23323: 23317: 23309: 23308: 23305: 23304: 23301: 23300: 23298: 23297: 23292: 23287: 23282: 23277: 23272: 23267: 23262: 23257: 23252: 23247: 23242: 23237: 23232: 23227: 23222: 23216: 23214: 23208: 23207: 23205: 23204: 23199: 23194: 23189: 23187:Archaic Greece 23184: 23179: 23174: 23169: 23163: 23161: 23153: 23152: 23149: 23148: 23143: 23137: 23129: 23128: 23126: 23125: 23119: 23116: 23115: 23112:Ancient Greece 23108: 23107: 23100: 23093: 23085: 23076: 23075: 23073: 23072: 23067: 23062: 23057: 23052: 23047: 23042: 23037: 23032: 23027: 23022: 23017: 23012: 23007: 23002: 22997: 22992: 22987: 22982: 22977: 22972: 22970:Félix Guattari 22966:Gilles Deleuze 22963: 22961:Murray Krieger 22958: 22952:Sandra Gilbert 22949: 22944: 22939: 22934: 22929: 22924: 22919: 22917:Julia Kristeva 22914: 22909: 22904: 22902:Georges Poulet 22899: 22894: 22889: 22887:Roland Barthes 22884: 22879: 22874: 22869: 22864: 22862:Ernst Gombrich 22859: 22854: 22849: 22847:Roman Jakobson 22844: 22842:Theodor Adorno 22839: 22834: 22829: 22824: 22819: 22817:Jan Mukařovský 22814: 22812:Cleanth Brooks 22809: 22800: 22798:Ernst Cassirer 22795: 22790: 22785: 22780: 22775: 22773:R. P. Blackmur 22770: 22765: 22760: 22755: 22753:I. A. Richards 22750: 22748:Virginia Woolf 22745: 22740: 22735: 22730: 22728:Irving Babbitt 22725: 22720: 22715: 22710: 22705: 22700: 22695: 22690: 22685: 22680: 22675: 22670: 22665: 22660: 22655: 22653:Anatole France 22650: 22645: 22640: 22635: 22630: 22625: 22620: 22615: 22613:Matthew Arnold 22610: 22605: 22600: 22595: 22590: 22585: 22583:Thomas Carlyle 22580: 22575: 22570: 22565: 22560: 22555: 22550: 22545: 22540: 22535: 22530: 22525: 22520: 22515: 22510: 22505: 22500: 22495: 22490: 22485: 22480: 22475: 22470: 22468:Samuel Johnson 22465: 22460: 22455: 22450: 22448:Joseph Addison 22445: 22443:Alexander Pope 22440: 22435: 22430: 22425: 22420: 22415: 22410: 22408:Henry Reynolds 22405: 22400: 22398:Torquato Tasso 22395: 22393:Jacopo Mazzoni 22390: 22385: 22380: 22378:Wang Changling 22375: 22370: 22365: 22360: 22358:Anandavardhana 22355: 22350: 22345: 22340: 22335: 22330: 22325: 22320: 22315: 22310: 22305: 22300: 22295: 22290: 22284: 22282: 22278: 22277: 22270: 22268: 22266: 22265: 22260: 22255: 22250: 22245: 22240: 22235: 22230: 22225: 22220: 22215: 22210: 22205: 22200: 22195: 22190: 22185: 22180: 22178:Deconstruction 22175: 22170: 22165: 22163:Chicago school 22160: 22155: 22149: 22147: 22141: 22140: 22133: 22132: 22125: 22118: 22110: 22101: 22100: 22098: 22097: 22091: 22088: 22087: 22085: 22084: 22077: 22072: 22067: 22065:Social justice 22062: 22057: 22052: 22047: 22042: 22041: 22040: 22035: 22030: 22020: 22015: 22010: 22005: 22000: 21995: 21990: 21985: 21980: 21975: 21973:Egalitarianism 21970: 21965: 21963:Contractualism 21960: 21955: 21950: 21944: 21942: 21938: 21937: 21935: 21934: 21924: 21914: 21904: 21894: 21884: 21874: 21864: 21854: 21844: 21834: 21824: 21814: 21804: 21794: 21784: 21774: 21764: 21754: 21744: 21734: 21724: 21713: 21711: 21707: 21706: 21703: 21702: 21700: 21699: 21694: 21689: 21684: 21679: 21674: 21669: 21664: 21659: 21654: 21649: 21644: 21639: 21634: 21629: 21624: 21619: 21614: 21609: 21604: 21599: 21594: 21589: 21584: 21579: 21574: 21569: 21564: 21559: 21554: 21549: 21544: 21539: 21534: 21529: 21524: 21519: 21514: 21509: 21504: 21499: 21494: 21489: 21484: 21479: 21474: 21469: 21464: 21459: 21454: 21449: 21444: 21439: 21434: 21429: 21424: 21419: 21414: 21409: 21404: 21399: 21394: 21389: 21384: 21379: 21374: 21369: 21363: 21361: 21355: 21354: 21352: 21351: 21346: 21341: 21336: 21331: 21326: 21321: 21316: 21311: 21306: 21301: 21296: 21291: 21286: 21281: 21276: 21271: 21266: 21261: 21256: 21251: 21246: 21241: 21236: 21231: 21230: 21229: 21219: 21214: 21213: 21212: 21202: 21197: 21192: 21187: 21182: 21177: 21172: 21167: 21162: 21157: 21152: 21147: 21142: 21137: 21132: 21127: 21122: 21117: 21112: 21107: 21102: 21096: 21094: 21088: 21087: 21085: 21084: 21079: 21074: 21069: 21064: 21059: 21054: 21049: 21044: 21039: 21034: 21029: 21028: 21027: 21017: 21012: 21007: 21002: 20997: 20992: 20987: 20982: 20976: 20974: 20968: 20967: 20965: 20964: 20959: 20954: 20949: 20944: 20939: 20934: 20929: 20924: 20919: 20914: 20909: 20904: 20899: 20893: 20891: 20887: 20886: 20884: 20883: 20878: 20873: 20868: 20863: 20858: 20857: 20856: 20846: 20841: 20836: 20831: 20826: 20821: 20816: 20811: 20805: 20803: 20796: 20790: 20789: 20787: 20786: 20781: 20776: 20771: 20766: 20761: 20759:Overton window 20756: 20751: 20746: 20741: 20732: 20727: 20722: 20717: 20712: 20707: 20702: 20697: 20692: 20687: 20682: 20677: 20668: 20662: 20660: 20656: 20655: 20653: 20652: 20647: 20642: 20637: 20632: 20627: 20622: 20617: 20612: 20607: 20602: 20597: 20592: 20590:Libertarianism 20587: 20582: 20577: 20572: 20567: 20562: 20557: 20552: 20547: 20542: 20537: 20532: 20527: 20522: 20517: 20512: 20507: 20502: 20496: 20494: 20490: 20489: 20487: 20486: 20481: 20476: 20471: 20466: 20461: 20456: 20451: 20446: 20441: 20436: 20431: 20425: 20423: 20419: 20418: 20416: 20415: 20410: 20405: 20400: 20395: 20390: 20385: 20380: 20375: 20370: 20365: 20360: 20355: 20350: 20345: 20340: 20335: 20330: 20325: 20320: 20315: 20310: 20305: 20300: 20295: 20290: 20285: 20280: 20275: 20270: 20265: 20260: 20254: 20252: 20248: 20247: 20240: 20239: 20232: 20225: 20217: 20208: 20207: 20205: 20204: 20199: 20194: 20184: 20179: 20169: 20158: 20155: 20154: 20152: 20151: 20144: 20139: 20134: 20127: 20122: 20117: 20112: 20107: 20100: 20092: 20090: 20086: 20085: 20083: 20082: 20077: 20075:Utilitarianism 20072: 20067: 20062: 20057: 20052: 20047: 20042: 20040:Legal moralism 20037: 20035:Interpretivism 20032: 20027: 20022: 20017: 20011: 20009: 20003: 20002: 20000: 19999: 19989: 19979: 19969: 19959: 19949: 19939: 19929: 19918: 19916: 19910: 19909: 19907: 19906: 19901: 19896: 19891: 19886: 19881: 19876: 19871: 19866: 19861: 19856: 19851: 19846: 19841: 19836: 19831: 19826: 19821: 19816: 19811: 19806: 19801: 19796: 19791: 19786: 19781: 19776: 19771: 19766: 19761: 19756: 19751: 19746: 19741: 19736: 19731: 19726: 19721: 19716: 19711: 19706: 19701: 19696: 19691: 19686: 19681: 19676: 19671: 19666: 19661: 19656: 19651: 19646: 19641: 19636: 19631: 19626: 19621: 19616: 19611: 19606: 19600: 19598: 19592: 19591: 19589: 19588: 19583: 19578: 19573: 19568: 19563: 19558: 19553: 19548: 19542: 19540: 19534: 19533: 19531: 19530: 19524: 19521: 19520: 19513: 19512: 19505: 19498: 19490: 19481: 19480: 19478: 19477: 19472: 19467: 19461: 19458: 19457: 19455: 19454: 19449: 19448: 19447: 19437: 19432: 19427: 19422: 19417: 19412: 19407: 19402: 19396: 19394: 19390: 19389: 19387: 19386: 19376: 19366: 19356: 19346: 19336: 19326: 19316: 19306: 19296: 19286: 19276: 19266: 19256: 19245: 19243: 19239: 19238: 19236: 19235: 19228: 19223: 19218: 19213: 19208: 19203: 19198: 19193: 19188: 19186:Presupposition 19183: 19178: 19173: 19168: 19163: 19158: 19153: 19148: 19143: 19138: 19133: 19128: 19123: 19118: 19113: 19108: 19103: 19097: 19095: 19091: 19090: 19088: 19087: 19082: 19077: 19072: 19062: 19057: 19052: 19047: 19042: 19037: 19032: 19027: 19022: 19017: 19012: 19007: 19002: 18997: 18992: 18987: 18982: 18977: 18972: 18967: 18965:Deconstruction 18962: 18957: 18952: 18947: 18942: 18936: 18934: 18928: 18927: 18925: 18924: 18919: 18914: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18894: 18889: 18884: 18879: 18874: 18869: 18864: 18859: 18854: 18849: 18844: 18839: 18834: 18829: 18824: 18819: 18814: 18809: 18804: 18799: 18794: 18789: 18784: 18779: 18774: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18754: 18749: 18744: 18739: 18734: 18729: 18724: 18719: 18714: 18709: 18704: 18699: 18694: 18689: 18683: 18681: 18675: 18674: 18669: 18666: 18665: 18658: 18657: 18650: 18643: 18635: 18626: 18625: 18623: 18622: 18617: 18612: 18602: 18591: 18589: 18585: 18584: 18577: 18575: 18572: 18571: 18569: 18568: 18561:Ronald Lockley 18558: 18548: 18536: 18529:Niko Tinbergen 18526: 18514: 18502: 18496: 18494: 18490: 18489: 18487: 18486: 18476: 18464: 18454: 18449: 18444: 18439: 18434: 18429: 18424: 18419: 18414: 18409: 18397: 18392: 18380: 18368: 18359:Charles Darwin 18356: 18351: 18342:Georges Cuvier 18339: 18330:George Montagu 18326: 18324: 18320: 18319: 18317: 18316: 18304: 18292: 18280: 18275: 18263: 18251: 18246: 18241: 18236: 18231: 18219: 18214: 18212:Jan Swammerdam 18209: 18204: 18202:William Derham 18199: 18194: 18189: 18176: 18174: 18168: 18167: 18165: 18164: 18154: 18143:William Turner 18140: 18135: 18126:Conrad Gessner 18123: 18121:Leonhart Fuchs 18118: 18113: 18108: 18103: 18098: 18091:Gaspard Bauhin 18088: 18082: 18080: 18074: 18073: 18071: 18070: 18058: 18046: 18036: 18024: 18011: 18009: 17998: 17992: 17991: 17984: 17983: 17976: 17969: 17961: 17952: 17951: 17949: 17948: 17937: 17934: 17933: 17931: 17930: 17923: 17918: 17916:Secular ethics 17913: 17911:Rehabilitation 17908: 17903: 17898: 17893: 17888: 17883: 17878: 17873: 17868: 17863: 17858: 17853: 17847: 17845: 17841: 17840: 17838: 17837: 17829: 17821: 17813: 17805: 17797: 17789: 17781: 17776:Utilitarianism 17773: 17765: 17757: 17749: 17741: 17733: 17725: 17717: 17709: 17701: 17692: 17690: 17686: 17685: 17683: 17682: 17677: 17672: 17667: 17662: 17657: 17652: 17647: 17642: 17637: 17632: 17627: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17587: 17582: 17577: 17572: 17567: 17562: 17557: 17552: 17547: 17542: 17537: 17532: 17527: 17522: 17517: 17512: 17507: 17502: 17497: 17492: 17487: 17482: 17477: 17472: 17467: 17461: 17459: 17452: 17451: 17449: 17448: 17443: 17438: 17433: 17428: 17427: 17426: 17421: 17416: 17406: 17401: 17396: 17391: 17386: 17381: 17376: 17371: 17366: 17361: 17356: 17351: 17346: 17341: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17301: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17285: 17284: 17279: 17274: 17264: 17259: 17254: 17249: 17244: 17239: 17234: 17229: 17224: 17219: 17214: 17209: 17204: 17199: 17194: 17189: 17183: 17181: 17177: 17176: 17174: 17173: 17168: 17163: 17158: 17153: 17148: 17143: 17138: 17136:Existentialist 17133: 17128: 17123: 17118: 17112: 17110: 17106: 17105: 17103: 17102: 17101: 17100: 17090: 17085: 17080: 17075: 17074: 17073: 17068: 17063: 17058: 17048: 17043: 17038: 17033: 17031:Constructivism 17028: 17027: 17026: 17025: 17024: 17019: 17009: 17008: 17007: 17005:Non-naturalism 17002: 16987: 16982: 16976: 16974: 16968: 16967: 16965: 16964: 16959: 16954: 16949: 16944: 16939: 16934: 16929: 16924: 16919: 16914: 16909: 16904: 16899: 16898: 16897: 16887: 16882: 16877: 16872: 16867: 16862: 16857: 16851: 16849: 16843: 16842: 16840: 16839: 16834: 16832:Utilitarianism 16829: 16824: 16819: 16814: 16809: 16804: 16799: 16793: 16791: 16785: 16784: 16777: 16776: 16769: 16762: 16754: 16745: 16744: 16742: 16741: 16729: 16718: 16715: 16714: 16712: 16711: 16706: 16701: 16696: 16691: 16686: 16681: 16676: 16671: 16666: 16661: 16656: 16651: 16645: 16643: 16642:Related topics 16639: 16638: 16636: 16635: 16625: 16615: 16609:Being and Time 16605: 16595: 16585: 16575: 16565: 16555: 16545: 16535: 16525: 16515: 16505: 16495: 16485: 16475: 16465: 16455: 16444: 16442: 16438: 16437: 16435: 16434: 16427: 16422: 16417: 16412: 16407: 16402: 16397: 16392: 16387: 16382: 16377: 16372: 16367: 16362: 16357: 16352: 16347: 16342: 16337: 16332: 16327: 16322: 16317: 16312: 16307: 16302: 16297: 16292: 16287: 16282: 16277: 16272: 16267: 16262: 16257: 16252: 16247: 16242: 16237: 16232: 16227: 16222: 16217: 16212: 16207: 16202: 16197: 16192: 16186: 16184: 16182:Metaphysicians 16178: 16177: 16175: 16174: 16167: 16162: 16157: 16152: 16147: 16142: 16137: 16132: 16127: 16122: 16117: 16112: 16107: 16102: 16097: 16092: 16087: 16082: 16077: 16072: 16067: 16062: 16057: 16052: 16047: 16042: 16037: 16032: 16027: 16022: 16017: 16012: 16007: 16002: 16001: 16000: 15990: 15985: 15980: 15975: 15970: 15965: 15960: 15955: 15950: 15945: 15938: 15936:Causal closure 15933: 15928: 15923: 15918: 15912: 15910: 15906: 15905: 15903: 15902: 15897: 15892: 15887: 15882: 15877: 15872: 15867: 15862: 15857: 15852: 15847: 15842: 15837: 15832: 15827: 15822: 15817: 15812: 15810:Libertarianism 15807: 15802: 15797: 15795:Existentialism 15792: 15787: 15782: 15777: 15772: 15767: 15762: 15756: 15754: 15750: 15749: 15742: 15741: 15734: 15727: 15719: 15710: 15709: 15707: 15706: 15701: 15696: 15691: 15686: 15681: 15676: 15671: 15666: 15660: 15658: 15654: 15653: 15651: 15650: 15645: 15640: 15635: 15633:Aristo of Ceos 15630: 15625: 15620: 15615: 15610: 15605: 15600: 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15575: 15570: 15565: 15559: 15557: 15553: 15552: 15542: 15541: 15534: 15527: 15519: 15513: 15510: 15509: 15497: 15496: 15494: 15493: 15481: 15470: 15467: 15466: 15464: 15463: 15458: 15456:Views on women 15453: 15448: 15443: 15438: 15437: 15436: 15426: 15420: 15418: 15417:Related topics 15414: 15413: 15410: 15409: 15407: 15406: 15401: 15396: 15391: 15386: 15381: 15376: 15371: 15366: 15360: 15358: 15350: 15349: 15347: 15346: 15341: 15336: 15331: 15329:Peter of Spain 15326: 15325: 15324: 15314: 15313: 15312: 15305:Thomas Aquinas 15302: 15297: 15291: 15289: 15279: 15278: 15276: 15275: 15269: 15267: 15259: 15258: 15256: 15255: 15254: 15253: 15243: 15242: 15241: 15231: 15226: 15220: 15218: 15208: 15207: 15205: 15204: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15184: 15182:Aristo of Ceos 15179: 15174: 15169: 15164: 15159: 15154: 15149: 15143: 15141: 15132: 15128: 15127: 15124: 15123: 15121: 15120: 15115: 15110: 15105: 15100: 15095: 15090: 15085: 15080: 15075: 15070: 15065: 15060: 15055: 15050: 15045: 15039: 15037: 15035:Pseudepigrapha 15031: 15030: 15028: 15027: 15021: 15019: 15015: 15014: 15012: 15011: 15006: 15001: 14996: 14991: 14986: 14981: 14975: 14973: 14967: 14966: 14964: 14963: 14958: 14952: 14950: 14946: 14945: 14943: 14942: 14937: 14932: 14927: 14921: 14919: 14912: 14911: 14909: 14908: 14902: 14900: 14896: 14895: 14893: 14892: 14887: 14882: 14877: 14872: 14866: 14864: 14858: 14857: 14855: 14854: 14849: 14844: 14839: 14837:On the Heavens 14834: 14828: 14826: 14820: 14819: 14817: 14816: 14811: 14806: 14801: 14796: 14791: 14785: 14783: 14774: 14768: 14767: 14765: 14764: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14739: 14734: 14727: 14722: 14704: 14699: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14675: 14670: 14665: 14658: 14651: 14646: 14639: 14634: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14612: 14605: 14596: 14591: 14584: 14579: 14572: 14569:Antiperistasis 14565: 14559: 14557: 14553: 14552: 14550: 14549: 14544: 14539: 14533: 14531: 14527: 14526: 14519: 14518: 14511: 14504: 14496: 14490: 14489: 14463: 14455: 14449: 14437: 14428: 14413: 14404: 14395: 14389: 14379: 14378: 14374: 14373: 14343: 14341:. Vol. 1. 14326: 14325: 14324: 14322: 14321: 14316: 14311: 14306: 14301: 14296: 14291: 14286: 14281: 14276: 14271: 14266: 14261: 14256: 14250: 14241: 14235: 14234: 14233: 14231: 14230: 14225: 14220: 14215: 14210: 14205: 14200: 14195: 14189: 14180: 14171: 14158: 14157: 14152: 14147: 14141: 14137: 14134: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14117: 14116: 14105: 14104: 14102: 14101:External links 14099: 14097: 14096: 14083: 14071: 14065: 14048: 14037: 14030: 14018: 14009: 14002: 13990: 13984: 13963: 13950: 13941: 13919: 13916: 13913:, by Aristotle 13905: 13898: 13891: 13882: 13860: 13851: 13845: 13824: 13818: 13805: 13799: 13786: 13773: 13766: 13747: 13739:Fuller, B.A.G. 13735: 13728: 13713: 13707: 13690: 13677: 13674: 13645: 13636: 13623: 13616: 13607: 13592: 13578: 13572: 13559: 13545: 13536: 13529:Ackrill, J. L. 13525: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13514: 13502:, ed. (2018). 13496: 13477: 13451: 13445: 13430: 13416: 13398: 13364: 13350: 13329: 13305: 13289: 13261: 13238: 13220:(3): 355–370. 13209: 13203: 13187: 13174: 13155: 13136: 13119: 13104: 13098: 13083: 13077: 13062: 13056: 13041: 13003:Rovelli, Carlo 12999: 12993: 12969: 12960: 12954: 12939: 12913: 12893: 12887: 12872: 12855: 12849: 12836: 12791: 12770: 12754: 12744:(2): 204–213. 12733: 12727: 12711: 12705: 12690: 12684: 12668: 12662: 12642: 12628: 12613: 12607: 12591: 12572: 12529: 12511:Lyell, Charles 12507: 12487: 12481: 12465: 12459: 12443: 12437: 12417: 12411: 12394: 12388: 12382:. Bloomsbury. 12370: 12356:(3 May 2011). 12350: 12344: 12327: 12302: 12283: 12264: 12258: 12245: 12226: 12206: 12200: 12187: 12181: 12160: 12154: 12139: 12123:Kant, Immanuel 12119: 12113: 12100: 12078: 12072: 12057: 12041: 12026: 12015: 11993: 11983:(2): 405–423. 11968: 11948: 11942: 11922: 11903: 11897: 11876: 11870: 11850: 11844: 11824: 11818: 11803: 11797: 11782: 11776: 11763: 11757: 11736: 11730: 11713: 11707: 11692: 11686: 11671: 11665: 11652: 11625: 11588: 11576: 11565: 11559: 11541: 11529:10.2307/290584 11509: 11500: 11479: 11444: 11426: 11405:10.1.1.650.463 11387: 11366: 11354: 11345: 11339: 11324: 11318: 11300: 11287: 11281: 11266: 11231: 11225: 11210: 11204: 11186: 11180: 11160: 11154: 11138: 11121: 11111:. 27 July 2002 11099: 11087: 11075: 11069: 11056: 11050: 11033: 11024: 10984: 10971: 10958: 10937: 10916: 10895: 10874: 10861: 10840: 10819: 10803:Britannica.com 10795: 10779: 10760: 10743: 10737: 10719: 10713: 10700: 10694: 10681: 10661: 10618: 10612: 10593: 10591: 10588: 10586: 10585: 10560: 10548: 10536: 10524: 10512: 10500: 10488: 10476: 10464: 10446: 10418: 10416: 10415: 10384: 10372: 10360: 10348: 10336: 10324: 10312: 10297: 10285: 10273: 10261: 10255:978-1316601211 10254: 10242:Held, Lewis I. 10233: 10218: 10192: 10180: 10168: 10156: 10115: 10093: 10081: 10074: 10050: 10043: 10021: 10009: 10007:, p. 353. 9994: 9982: 9970: 9947: 9932: 9917: 9899: 9884: 9878:. p. 15. 9862: 9850: 9838: 9826: 9817: 9808: 9799: 9790: 9772: 9760: 9748: 9736: 9723: 9711: 9699: 9687: 9675: 9663: 9651: 9639: 9624: 9599: 9587: 9585:, p. 162. 9575: 9563: 9551: 9545:978-0231055338 9544: 9526: 9500: 9494:978-0415061339 9493: 9475: 9463: 9451: 9449:, p. 252. 9439: 9427: 9415: 9403: 9401:, p. 219. 9391: 9389: 9388: 9385: 9382: 9351: 9344: 9341: 9338: 9310: 9276: 9273: 9270: 9267: 9256: 9254:, p. 352. 9241: 9229: 9210: 9198: 9196:, p. 156. 9186: 9174: 9149: 9137: 9125: 9099: 9073: 9061: 9049: 9037: 9007: 8995: 8983: 8971: 8959: 8957:, p. III. 8947: 8943:Halliwell 2002 8935: 8923: 8911: 8907:Halliwell 2002 8890: 8878: 8866: 8854: 8850:Aristotle 1948 8835: 8818: 8803: 8791: 8787:Aristotle 2009 8779: 8767: 8755: 8743: 8731: 8719: 8704: 8692: 8688:Holowchak 1996 8680: 8659: 8655:Holowchak 1996 8636: 8624: 8622:, p. 259. 8612: 8610:, p. 296. 8600: 8588: 8576: 8564: 8552: 8540: 8528: 8516: 8503: 8479: 8466: 8453: 8433: 8431:, p. 348. 8421: 8409: 8397: 8385: 8344: 8317:(2): 227–262. 8297: 8270:(2): 103–120. 8250: 8201: 8194: 8172: 8160: 8148: 8136: 8124: 8112: 8100: 8098:, p. 408. 8088: 8076: 8061: 8049: 8037: 8025: 8013: 8011:, p. 273. 8001: 7999:, p. 189. 7989: 7987:, p. 206. 7977: 7965: 7953: 7941: 7929: 7917: 7905: 7879: 7867: 7855: 7843: 7814: 7799: 7787: 7775: 7763: 7751: 7739: 7727: 7725:, p. 2.6. 7715: 7703: 7688: 7686:, p. 159. 7684:Hankinson 1998 7676: 7655: 7643: 7631: 7602: 7581: 7552: 7537: 7522: 7503: 7491: 7479: 7467: 7455: 7453:, p. 111. 7451:Aristotle 1999 7443: 7420: 7408: 7404:Lagerlund 2016 7391: 7374: 7362: 7350: 7338: 7326: 7314: 7302: 7290: 7278: 7266: 7240: 7228: 7216: 7214:, p. 216. 7204: 7192: 7190:, p. 460. 7180: 7176:Humphreys 2009 7161: 7149: 7134: 7119: 7102: 7098:Aristotle 1984 7090: 7078: 7066: 7054: 7042: 7027: 7009: 6997: 6985: 6968: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6947: 6938: 6925: 6896: 6887: 6878: 6857: 6847: 6838: 6830:On the Heavens 6817: 6807: 6794: 6777: 6768: 6759: 6739: 6708: 6691: 6675: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6613: 6612: 6607: 6605:Conimbricenses 6602: 6595: 6592: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6528: 6517: 6510: 6508: 6497: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6478: 6476: 6466: 6459: 6455: 6452: 6451: 6450: 6436: 6429: 6427: 6417: 6410: 6408: 6398: 6391: 6389: 6376: 6369: 6367: 6355: 6348: 6346: 6335:Aristotle and 6333: 6326: 6324: 6320:Paolo Veronese 6314: 6307: 6305: 6295: 6288: 6286: 6270: 6263: 6261: 6250: 6243: 6241: 6232: 6225: 6219:Jonathan Jones 6180:Paolo Veronese 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6073: 6070: 6039:Main article: 6036: 6033: 6031: 6028: 5981:marine biology 5954: 5951: 5938:Charles Darwin 5913: 5910: 5894:William Harvey 5877:De Motu Cordis 5872:William Harvey 5864: 5861: 5839: 5836: 5730: 5727: 5710:Thomas Aquinas 5658: 5655: 5615: 5612: 5595: 5592: 5526: 5523: 5476:grew into the 5463: 5460: 5398: 5395: 5356: 5353: 5321: 5318: 5310:Delphic Oracle 5212:Main article: 5209: 5206: 5144:Main article: 5140: 5139: 5137: 5136: 5129: 5122: 5114: 5111: 5110: 5107: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5056: 5051: 5046: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5016: 5011: 5006: 5001: 4998:Ars dictaminis 4993: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4977: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4883: 4882: 4872: 4862: 4852: 4842: 4832: 4822: 4812: 4802: 4796:On the Sublime 4792: 4782: 4772: 4762: 4752: 4742: 4732: 4722: 4712: 4702: 4692: 4682: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4658: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4501: 4497: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4440: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4426: 4423: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4402: 4401: 4391: 4390: 4389: 4379: 4378: 4377: 4372: 4367: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4345:Lightning talk 4342: 4341: 4340: 4330: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4292: 4291: 4286: 4274: 4269: 4262: 4261: 4260: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4226: 4221: 4215: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4194: 4187: 4186: 4185: 4175: 4170: 4169: 4168: 4161: 4154: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4130:Method of loci 4127: 4120: 4113: 4108: 4107: 4106: 4099: 4092: 4085: 4078: 4066: 4065: 4064: 4059: 4049: 4048: 4047: 4037: 4030: 4025: 4018: 4017: 4016: 4004: 3999: 3992: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3967: 3963: 3962: 3961: 3958: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3948: 3947: 3946: 3934: 3933: 3932: 3927: 3917: 3916: 3915: 3910: 3900: 3895: 3894: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3866:Ancient Greece 3862: 3856: 3855: 3854: 3851: 3850: 3842: 3841: 3835: 3834: 3823: 3820: 3775:Lionel Robbins 3745:Main article: 3742: 3739: 3728: 3655:Main article: 3652: 3649: 3580:Main article: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3560: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3549: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3538: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3512: 3509: 3505: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3494: 3493: 3490: 3487: 3483: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3472: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3464:Spiritlessness 3461: 3460: 3459:Over-ambition 3457: 3456:Right ambition 3454: 3450: 3449: 3446: 3443: 3439: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3403: 3400: 3369: 3366: 3302: 3299: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3212: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3161: 3155: 3154: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3088: 3084: 3083: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3021: 3015: 3014: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2986: 2980: 2979: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2947: 2938: 2937: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2909: 2902: 2901: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2859: 2856: 2853: 2850: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2768: 2762: 2761: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2705: 2704: 2682: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2662: 2543: 2540: 2479: 2476: 2459:hybridizations 2424:hectocotyl arm 2420:paper nautilus 2359: 2356: 2353:(bottom left). 2347:hectocotyl arm 2335:Main article: 2332: 2329: 2240: 2237: 2209: 2206: 2191: 2188: 2173:camera obscura 2158: 2155: 2154: 2153: 2138: 2122: 2114: 2111:Material cause 2084:material cause 2068:Main article: 2065: 2062: 2034:Late antiquity 2004: 2003: 2002: 2001: 1988: 1985: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1932: 1931: 1930: 1929: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1888:On the Heavens 1873: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1853: 1848: 1840: 1839: 1834: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1813: 1812: 1807: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1786: 1785: 1780: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1759: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1732: 1731: 1723: 1720: 1711: 1702: 1650:Main article: 1647: 1644: 1639:Main article: 1620: 1617: 1599: 1596: 1569: 1566: 1511:– by learning. 1501: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1463: 1460: 1456:universal form 1445:kath' hekaston 1431:. Aristotle's 1398:Main article: 1395: 1392: 1364:to ti ên einai 1341: 1338: 1308:Main article: 1305: 1302: 1284: 1283: 1276: 1267: 1254: 1253: 1250: 1245: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1182: 1175: 1168: 1161: 1102:Main article: 1099: 1094: 1086:stated in the 1060:Main article: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1043:and leaving a 1021:unlikely claim 960:Imperial Roman 801:. His father, 783: 780: 756:Thomas Aquinas 709:late antiquity 707:extended from 655:. His father, 561: 560: 557: 556: 554: 553: 551:Views on women 548: 531: 506: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 467: 451: 446: 437: 436: 435: 433: 432: 427: 418: 411: 406: 401: 396: 391: 382: 381: 380: 378: 377: 372: 367: 362: 357: 340: 335: 330: 317: 316: 315: 310: 307: 304: 303: 301: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 264: 262: 260:Main interests 259: 256: 255: 242: 238: 237: 235: 234: 228: 226: 220: 219: 214: 210: 209: 204: 200: 199: 196: 195: 193: 192: 185: 178: 171: 164: 157: 150: 142: 140: 134: 133: 128: 124: 123: 110: 104: 100: 99: 90: 86: 82: 81: 63: 55: 54: 46: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 26436: 26425: 26422: 26420: 26417: 26415: 26412: 26410: 26407: 26405: 26402: 26400: 26397: 26395: 26392: 26390: 26387: 26385: 26382: 26380: 26377: 26375: 26372: 26370: 26367: 26365: 26362: 26360: 26357: 26355: 26352: 26350: 26347: 26345: 26342: 26340: 26337: 26335: 26332: 26330: 26327: 26325: 26322: 26320: 26317: 26315: 26312: 26310: 26307: 26305: 26302: 26300: 26297: 26295: 26292: 26290: 26287: 26285: 26282: 26280: 26277: 26275: 26272: 26270: 26267: 26265: 26262: 26260: 26257: 26255: 26252: 26250: 26247: 26245: 26242: 26240: 26237: 26235: 26232: 26230: 26227: 26225: 26222: 26220: 26217: 26215: 26212: 26210: 26207: 26205: 26202: 26200: 26197: 26195: 26192: 26190: 26187: 26185: 26182: 26180: 26177: 26175: 26172: 26170: 26167: 26165: 26162: 26160: 26157: 26155: 26152: 26150: 26147: 26145: 26142: 26140: 26139:322 BC deaths 26137: 26135: 26134:384 BC births 26132: 26130: 26127: 26125: 26122: 26121: 26119: 26109: 26099: 26097: 26087: 26085: 26075: 26073: 26063: 26061: 26051: 26049: 26039: 26037: 26027: 26025: 26020: 26015: 26013: 26008: 26003: 26002: 25999: 25980: 25972: 25970: 25966: 25962: 25960: 25952: 25951: 25948: 25938: 25935: 25933: 25930: 25928: 25925: 25923: 25920: 25918: 25915: 25911: 25908: 25907: 25906: 25903: 25902: 25899: 25892: 25888: 25870: 25867: 25865: 25862: 25860: 25857: 25855: 25852: 25850: 25847: 25845: 25842: 25840: 25837: 25835: 25832: 25830: 25827: 25825: 25822: 25820: 25817: 25815: 25812: 25810: 25807: 25805: 25802: 25800: 25797: 25795: 25792: 25790: 25787: 25785: 25782: 25780: 25777: 25775: 25772: 25770: 25767: 25765: 25762: 25760: 25757: 25755: 25752: 25750: 25747: 25745: 25742: 25741: 25739: 25733: 25727: 25724: 25722: 25719: 25717: 25714: 25712: 25709: 25707: 25704: 25702: 25699: 25697: 25694: 25692: 25689: 25687: 25684: 25682: 25679: 25677: 25674: 25672: 25669: 25667: 25664: 25662: 25659: 25657: 25654: 25652: 25649: 25647: 25644: 25642: 25639: 25637: 25634: 25632: 25629: 25627: 25624: 25622: 25619: 25618: 25616: 25610: 25607: 25603: 25599: 25593: 25590: 25588: 25585: 25583: 25580: 25578: 25575: 25573: 25570: 25568: 25565: 25563: 25560: 25558: 25555: 25553: 25550: 25548: 25545: 25543: 25540: 25538: 25535: 25534: 25532: 25530: 25526: 25520: 25517: 25515: 25512: 25510: 25507: 25505: 25502: 25500: 25497: 25495: 25492: 25490: 25487: 25485: 25482: 25480: 25479:Hemeroscopion 25477: 25475: 25472: 25470: 25467: 25465: 25462: 25460: 25457: 25456: 25454: 25452: 25448: 25442: 25439: 25436: 25432: 25429: 25427: 25424: 25422: 25419: 25417: 25414: 25413: 25411: 25409: 25405: 25399: 25396: 25394: 25391: 25389: 25386: 25384: 25381: 25379: 25376: 25374: 25371: 25369: 25366: 25364: 25361: 25360: 25358: 25356: 25352: 25342: 25339: 25337: 25334: 25332: 25329: 25327: 25324: 25322: 25319: 25317: 25314: 25312: 25309: 25307: 25304: 25302: 25299: 25297: 25294: 25292: 25289: 25287: 25284: 25282: 25279: 25277: 25274: 25272: 25269: 25267: 25264: 25262: 25259: 25257: 25254: 25252: 25249: 25247: 25244: 25242: 25239: 25237: 25234: 25232: 25229: 25227: 25224: 25222: 25219: 25218: 25216: 25214: 25210: 25204: 25201: 25199: 25196: 25194: 25191: 25189: 25186: 25184: 25181: 25179: 25176: 25174: 25171: 25169: 25166: 25164: 25161: 25159: 25156: 25154: 25151: 25149: 25146: 25144: 25141: 25139: 25136: 25134: 25131: 25129: 25126: 25124: 25121: 25119: 25116: 25114: 25111: 25109: 25106: 25104: 25101: 25099: 25096: 25094: 25091: 25089: 25086: 25084: 25081: 25079: 25076: 25074: 25071: 25070: 25068: 25062: 25059: 25057: 25056:Magna Graecia 25053: 25049: 25042: 25039: 25038: 25034: 25030: 25016: 25013: 25011: 25008: 25006: 25003: 25001: 24998: 24996: 24993: 24991: 24988: 24987: 24985: 24983: 24979: 24973: 24970: 24966: 24963: 24961: 24958: 24956: 24953: 24951: 24948: 24946: 24943: 24941: 24938: 24936: 24933: 24931: 24930:Arcadocypriot 24928: 24926: 24923: 24922: 24921: 24918: 24916: 24913: 24911: 24908: 24906: 24903: 24902: 24900: 24898: 24894: 24884: 24883:Zeus, Olympia 24881: 24879: 24876: 24874: 24871: 24869: 24868:Hera, Olympia 24866: 24864: 24861: 24859: 24856: 24854: 24851: 24849: 24846: 24844: 24841: 24840: 24838: 24836: 24832: 24826: 24823: 24821: 24818: 24816: 24813: 24811: 24808: 24806: 24803: 24801: 24798: 24797: 24794: 24791: 24787: 24777: 24774: 24772: 24771:Mount Olympus 24769: 24767: 24764: 24762: 24759: 24757: 24754: 24752: 24749: 24747: 24744: 24743: 24741: 24739:Sacred places 24737: 24731: 24728: 24726: 24723: 24721: 24718: 24714: 24711: 24710: 24709: 24706: 24704: 24701: 24700: 24697: 24694: 24692: 24688: 24682: 24679: 24677: 24674: 24672: 24669: 24667: 24664: 24660: 24657: 24656: 24655: 24652: 24650: 24647: 24645: 24642: 24640: 24637: 24635: 24632: 24628: 24625: 24624: 24623: 24620: 24619: 24617: 24614: 24610: 24604: 24601: 24599: 24596: 24594: 24591: 24589: 24586: 24584: 24581: 24579: 24576: 24574: 24571: 24569: 24566: 24564: 24563:Olympic Games 24561: 24559: 24556: 24554: 24553:Homosexuality 24551: 24549: 24546: 24544: 24541: 24539: 24536: 24534: 24531: 24529: 24526: 24524: 24521: 24519: 24516: 24514: 24511: 24509: 24506: 24504: 24501: 24499: 24496: 24495: 24493: 24491: 24487: 24483: 24476: 24473: 24471: 24468: 24467: 24463: 24459: 24445: 24442: 24440: 24437: 24435: 24432: 24431: 24429: 24425: 24419: 24416: 24414: 24411: 24409: 24406: 24404: 24401: 24400: 24398: 24394: 24388: 24385: 24383: 24380: 24378: 24375: 24373: 24370: 24368: 24365: 24363: 24360: 24358: 24355: 24353: 24350: 24348: 24345: 24343: 24340: 24338: 24335: 24333: 24330: 24328: 24325: 24323: 24320: 24318: 24315: 24313: 24310: 24308: 24305: 24303: 24300: 24298: 24295: 24293: 24290: 24288: 24285: 24283: 24280: 24278: 24275: 24273: 24270: 24268: 24265: 24263: 24260: 24258: 24255: 24253: 24250: 24248: 24245: 24244: 24242: 24240: 24236: 24230: 24227: 24225: 24222: 24220: 24217: 24215: 24212: 24210: 24207: 24205: 24202: 24200: 24197: 24195: 24192: 24190: 24187: 24185: 24182: 24180: 24177: 24175: 24172: 24170: 24167: 24165: 24162: 24160: 24157: 24155: 24152: 24150: 24147: 24145: 24142: 24140: 24137: 24135: 24132: 24131: 24129: 24127: 24123: 24117: 24114: 24112: 24109: 24107: 24104: 24102: 24099: 24097: 24094: 24092: 24089: 24087: 24084: 24082: 24079: 24077: 24074: 24073: 24071: 24067: 24061: 24058: 24056: 24053: 24051: 24048: 24046: 24043: 24041: 24038: 24036: 24033: 24031: 24028: 24026: 24023: 24021: 24018: 24016: 24013: 24011: 24008: 24006: 24003: 24001: 23998: 23997: 23995: 23993: 23989: 23985: 23980: 23976: 23972: 23967: 23963: 23949: 23946: 23944: 23941: 23939: 23936: 23934: 23931: 23929: 23926: 23924: 23923:Seleucid army 23921: 23919: 23916: 23914: 23911: 23909: 23906: 23904: 23901: 23899: 23896: 23894: 23891: 23889: 23886: 23884: 23881: 23879: 23876: 23874: 23871: 23869: 23866: 23864: 23861: 23859: 23856: 23854: 23851: 23849: 23846: 23844: 23841: 23837: 23834: 23833: 23832: 23829: 23827: 23824: 23823: 23821: 23819: 23815: 23805: 23802: 23800: 23797: 23796: 23794: 23792: 23788: 23782: 23779: 23777: 23774: 23772: 23769: 23768: 23766: 23764: 23760: 23754: 23751: 23749: 23746: 23744: 23741: 23739: 23736: 23734: 23731: 23729: 23726: 23725: 23723: 23721: 23717: 23711: 23708: 23706: 23703: 23701: 23698: 23696: 23693: 23691: 23688: 23686: 23683: 23681: 23678: 23677: 23674: 23671: 23669: 23665: 23658: 23655: 23652: 23649: 23646: 23643: 23640: 23637: 23634: 23631: 23628: 23625: 23622: 23619: 23616: 23613: 23610: 23607: 23604: 23601: 23598: 23597:Delian League 23595: 23592: 23589: 23586: 23583: 23573: 23570: 23560: 23557: 23554: 23553:Ionian League 23551: 23541: 23538: 23534: 560 BC 23524: 23521: 23520: 23518: 23516: 23511: 23507: 23501: 23498: 23496: 23493: 23491: 23488: 23486: 23483: 23481: 23478: 23476: 23473: 23471: 23468: 23466: 23463: 23461: 23458: 23456: 23453: 23452: 23450: 23446: 23440: 23437: 23435: 23432: 23430: 23427: 23425: 23422: 23420: 23417: 23415: 23412: 23410: 23407: 23405: 23402: 23400: 23397: 23395: 23392: 23390: 23387: 23385: 23382: 23380: 23377: 23375: 23372: 23370: 23367: 23365: 23362: 23360: 23357: 23355: 23352: 23351: 23349: 23347: 23343: 23339: 23332: 23329: 23327: 23324: 23322: 23319: 23318: 23314: 23310: 23296: 23293: 23291: 23288: 23286: 23283: 23281: 23278: 23276: 23275:Magna Graecia 23273: 23271: 23268: 23266: 23263: 23261: 23258: 23256: 23253: 23251: 23248: 23246: 23243: 23241: 23238: 23236: 23233: 23231: 23228: 23226: 23223: 23221: 23218: 23217: 23215: 23213: 23209: 23203: 23200: 23198: 23195: 23193: 23190: 23188: 23185: 23183: 23180: 23178: 23175: 23173: 23170: 23168: 23165: 23164: 23162: 23158: 23154: 23147: 23144: 23142: 23139: 23138: 23134: 23130: 23124: 23121: 23120: 23117: 23113: 23106: 23101: 23099: 23094: 23092: 23087: 23086: 23083: 23071: 23068: 23066: 23063: 23061: 23058: 23056: 23053: 23051: 23048: 23046: 23043: 23041: 23040:Tristan Tzara 23038: 23036: 23033: 23031: 23028: 23026: 23023: 23021: 23018: 23016: 23013: 23011: 23008: 23006: 23003: 23001: 22998: 22996: 22995:Wolfgang Iser 22993: 22991: 22988: 22986: 22983: 22981: 22980:Hélène Cixous 22978: 22976: 22973: 22971: 22967: 22964: 22962: 22959: 22957: 22953: 22950: 22948: 22945: 22943: 22940: 22938: 22935: 22933: 22932:Chinua Achebe 22930: 22928: 22925: 22923: 22920: 22918: 22915: 22913: 22910: 22908: 22905: 22903: 22900: 22898: 22895: 22893: 22890: 22888: 22885: 22883: 22880: 22878: 22875: 22873: 22870: 22868: 22865: 22863: 22860: 22858: 22855: 22853: 22852:Northrop Frye 22850: 22848: 22845: 22843: 22840: 22838: 22835: 22833: 22830: 22828: 22825: 22823: 22820: 22818: 22815: 22813: 22810: 22808: 22804: 22803:W. K. Wimsatt 22801: 22799: 22796: 22794: 22793:Kenneth Burke 22791: 22789: 22786: 22784: 22783:György Lukács 22781: 22779: 22778:Jacques Lacan 22776: 22774: 22771: 22769: 22766: 22764: 22761: 22759: 22756: 22754: 22751: 22749: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22729: 22726: 22724: 22721: 22719: 22716: 22714: 22711: 22709: 22706: 22704: 22701: 22699: 22696: 22694: 22693:Sigmund Freud 22691: 22689: 22688:A. C. Bradley 22686: 22684: 22681: 22679: 22676: 22674: 22671: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22661: 22659: 22656: 22654: 22651: 22649: 22646: 22644: 22641: 22639: 22636: 22634: 22631: 22629: 22626: 22624: 22621: 22619: 22616: 22614: 22611: 22609: 22606: 22604: 22601: 22599: 22596: 22594: 22591: 22589: 22586: 22584: 22581: 22579: 22576: 22574: 22571: 22569: 22566: 22564: 22561: 22559: 22556: 22554: 22551: 22549: 22546: 22544: 22541: 22539: 22536: 22534: 22531: 22529: 22526: 22524: 22521: 22519: 22516: 22514: 22511: 22509: 22506: 22504: 22503:William Blake 22501: 22499: 22496: 22494: 22493:Immanuel Kant 22491: 22489: 22488:Denis Diderot 22486: 22484: 22481: 22479: 22476: 22474: 22471: 22469: 22466: 22464: 22461: 22459: 22456: 22454: 22451: 22449: 22446: 22444: 22441: 22439: 22436: 22434: 22431: 22429: 22426: 22424: 22421: 22419: 22416: 22414: 22413:Thomas Hobbes 22411: 22409: 22406: 22404: 22403:Francis Bacon 22401: 22399: 22396: 22394: 22391: 22389: 22388:Philip Sidney 22386: 22384: 22381: 22379: 22376: 22374: 22371: 22369: 22366: 22364: 22361: 22359: 22356: 22354: 22351: 22349: 22346: 22344: 22341: 22339: 22336: 22334: 22331: 22329: 22326: 22324: 22321: 22319: 22316: 22314: 22313:St. Augustine 22311: 22309: 22306: 22304: 22301: 22299: 22296: 22294: 22291: 22289: 22286: 22285: 22283: 22279: 22274: 22264: 22261: 22259: 22256: 22254: 22251: 22249: 22246: 22244: 22241: 22239: 22236: 22234: 22231: 22229: 22226: 22224: 22221: 22219: 22216: 22214: 22213:New Criticism 22211: 22209: 22206: 22204: 22201: 22199: 22196: 22194: 22191: 22189: 22186: 22184: 22181: 22179: 22176: 22174: 22171: 22169: 22166: 22164: 22161: 22159: 22156: 22154: 22151: 22150: 22148: 22146: 22142: 22138: 22131: 22126: 22124: 22119: 22117: 22112: 22111: 22108: 22096: 22093: 22092: 22089: 22083: 22082: 22078: 22076: 22073: 22071: 22068: 22066: 22063: 22061: 22058: 22056: 22053: 22051: 22048: 22046: 22043: 22039: 22036: 22034: 22031: 22029: 22026: 22025: 22024: 22021: 22019: 22016: 22014: 22011: 22009: 22006: 22004: 22001: 21999: 21998:Jurisprudence 21996: 21994: 21991: 21989: 21986: 21984: 21981: 21979: 21976: 21974: 21971: 21969: 21966: 21964: 21961: 21959: 21956: 21954: 21951: 21949: 21946: 21945: 21943: 21939: 21930: 21929: 21925: 21920: 21919: 21915: 21910: 21909: 21905: 21900: 21899: 21895: 21890: 21889: 21885: 21880: 21879: 21875: 21870: 21869: 21865: 21860: 21859: 21855: 21850: 21849: 21845: 21840: 21839: 21835: 21830: 21829: 21828:Rights of Man 21825: 21820: 21819: 21815: 21810: 21809: 21805: 21800: 21799: 21795: 21790: 21789: 21785: 21780: 21779: 21775: 21770: 21769: 21765: 21760: 21759: 21755: 21750: 21749: 21745: 21740: 21739: 21738:De re publica 21735: 21730: 21729: 21725: 21720: 21719: 21715: 21714: 21712: 21708: 21698: 21695: 21693: 21690: 21688: 21685: 21683: 21680: 21678: 21675: 21673: 21670: 21668: 21665: 21663: 21660: 21658: 21655: 21653: 21650: 21648: 21645: 21643: 21640: 21638: 21635: 21633: 21630: 21628: 21625: 21623: 21620: 21618: 21615: 21613: 21610: 21608: 21605: 21603: 21600: 21598: 21595: 21593: 21590: 21588: 21585: 21583: 21580: 21578: 21575: 21573: 21570: 21568: 21565: 21563: 21560: 21558: 21555: 21553: 21550: 21548: 21545: 21543: 21540: 21538: 21535: 21533: 21530: 21528: 21525: 21523: 21520: 21518: 21515: 21513: 21510: 21508: 21505: 21503: 21500: 21498: 21495: 21493: 21490: 21488: 21485: 21483: 21480: 21478: 21475: 21473: 21470: 21468: 21465: 21463: 21460: 21458: 21455: 21453: 21450: 21448: 21445: 21443: 21440: 21438: 21435: 21433: 21430: 21428: 21425: 21423: 21420: 21418: 21415: 21413: 21410: 21408: 21405: 21403: 21400: 21398: 21395: 21393: 21390: 21388: 21385: 21383: 21380: 21378: 21375: 21373: 21370: 21368: 21365: 21364: 21362: 21358:20th and 21st 21356: 21350: 21347: 21345: 21342: 21340: 21337: 21335: 21332: 21330: 21327: 21325: 21322: 21320: 21317: 21315: 21312: 21310: 21307: 21305: 21302: 21300: 21297: 21295: 21292: 21290: 21287: 21285: 21282: 21280: 21277: 21275: 21272: 21270: 21267: 21265: 21262: 21260: 21257: 21255: 21252: 21250: 21247: 21245: 21242: 21240: 21237: 21235: 21232: 21228: 21225: 21224: 21223: 21220: 21218: 21215: 21211: 21208: 21207: 21206: 21203: 21201: 21198: 21196: 21193: 21191: 21188: 21186: 21183: 21181: 21178: 21176: 21173: 21171: 21168: 21166: 21163: 21161: 21158: 21156: 21153: 21151: 21148: 21146: 21143: 21141: 21138: 21136: 21133: 21131: 21128: 21126: 21123: 21121: 21118: 21116: 21113: 21111: 21108: 21106: 21103: 21101: 21098: 21097: 21095: 21091:18th and 19th 21089: 21083: 21080: 21078: 21075: 21073: 21070: 21068: 21065: 21063: 21060: 21058: 21055: 21053: 21050: 21048: 21045: 21043: 21040: 21038: 21035: 21033: 21030: 21026: 21023: 21022: 21021: 21018: 21016: 21013: 21011: 21008: 21006: 21003: 21001: 20998: 20996: 20993: 20991: 20988: 20986: 20983: 20981: 20978: 20977: 20975: 20969: 20963: 20960: 20958: 20955: 20953: 20950: 20948: 20947:Nizam al-Mulk 20945: 20943: 20940: 20938: 20935: 20933: 20930: 20928: 20925: 20923: 20920: 20918: 20915: 20913: 20910: 20908: 20905: 20903: 20900: 20898: 20895: 20894: 20892: 20888: 20882: 20879: 20877: 20874: 20872: 20869: 20867: 20864: 20862: 20859: 20855: 20852: 20851: 20850: 20847: 20845: 20842: 20840: 20837: 20835: 20832: 20830: 20827: 20825: 20822: 20820: 20817: 20815: 20812: 20810: 20807: 20806: 20804: 20800: 20797: 20795: 20791: 20785: 20782: 20780: 20777: 20775: 20772: 20770: 20767: 20765: 20762: 20760: 20757: 20755: 20752: 20750: 20747: 20745: 20742: 20739: 20738: 20733: 20731: 20728: 20726: 20723: 20721: 20718: 20716: 20713: 20711: 20708: 20706: 20703: 20701: 20698: 20696: 20693: 20691: 20688: 20686: 20683: 20681: 20678: 20675: 20674: 20669: 20667: 20664: 20663: 20661: 20657: 20651: 20648: 20646: 20643: 20641: 20638: 20636: 20633: 20631: 20630:Republicanism 20628: 20626: 20623: 20621: 20618: 20616: 20613: 20611: 20608: 20606: 20603: 20601: 20598: 20596: 20593: 20591: 20588: 20586: 20583: 20581: 20578: 20576: 20573: 20571: 20568: 20566: 20563: 20561: 20558: 20556: 20553: 20551: 20548: 20546: 20543: 20541: 20538: 20536: 20533: 20531: 20528: 20526: 20523: 20521: 20518: 20516: 20513: 20511: 20508: 20506: 20503: 20501: 20498: 20497: 20495: 20491: 20485: 20482: 20480: 20477: 20475: 20472: 20470: 20467: 20465: 20462: 20460: 20457: 20455: 20452: 20450: 20447: 20445: 20442: 20440: 20437: 20435: 20432: 20430: 20427: 20426: 20424: 20420: 20414: 20411: 20409: 20406: 20404: 20401: 20399: 20396: 20394: 20391: 20389: 20386: 20384: 20381: 20379: 20376: 20374: 20371: 20369: 20366: 20364: 20361: 20359: 20356: 20354: 20351: 20349: 20346: 20344: 20341: 20339: 20336: 20334: 20331: 20329: 20326: 20324: 20321: 20319: 20316: 20314: 20311: 20309: 20306: 20304: 20301: 20299: 20296: 20294: 20291: 20289: 20286: 20284: 20281: 20279: 20276: 20274: 20271: 20269: 20266: 20264: 20261: 20259: 20256: 20255: 20253: 20249: 20245: 20238: 20233: 20231: 20226: 20224: 20219: 20218: 20215: 20203: 20200: 20198: 20195: 20193: 20185: 20183: 20180: 20178: 20174: 20170: 20168: 20160: 20159: 20156: 20150: 20149: 20145: 20143: 20140: 20138: 20135: 20133: 20132: 20128: 20126: 20123: 20121: 20118: 20116: 20113: 20111: 20108: 20106: 20105: 20101: 20099: 20098: 20094: 20093: 20091: 20087: 20081: 20078: 20076: 20073: 20071: 20068: 20066: 20063: 20061: 20058: 20056: 20053: 20051: 20050:Legal realism 20048: 20046: 20043: 20041: 20038: 20036: 20033: 20031: 20028: 20026: 20023: 20021: 20018: 20016: 20013: 20012: 20010: 20008: 20004: 19995: 19994: 19990: 19985: 19984: 19980: 19975: 19974: 19970: 19965: 19964: 19960: 19955: 19954: 19950: 19945: 19944: 19940: 19935: 19934: 19930: 19925: 19924: 19920: 19919: 19917: 19915: 19911: 19905: 19902: 19900: 19897: 19895: 19892: 19890: 19887: 19885: 19882: 19880: 19877: 19875: 19872: 19870: 19867: 19865: 19862: 19860: 19857: 19855: 19852: 19850: 19847: 19845: 19842: 19840: 19837: 19835: 19832: 19830: 19827: 19825: 19822: 19820: 19817: 19815: 19812: 19810: 19807: 19805: 19802: 19800: 19797: 19795: 19792: 19790: 19787: 19785: 19782: 19780: 19777: 19775: 19772: 19770: 19767: 19765: 19762: 19760: 19757: 19755: 19752: 19750: 19747: 19745: 19742: 19740: 19737: 19735: 19732: 19730: 19727: 19725: 19722: 19720: 19717: 19715: 19712: 19710: 19707: 19705: 19702: 19700: 19697: 19695: 19692: 19690: 19687: 19685: 19682: 19680: 19677: 19675: 19672: 19670: 19667: 19665: 19662: 19660: 19657: 19655: 19652: 19650: 19647: 19645: 19642: 19640: 19637: 19635: 19632: 19630: 19627: 19625: 19622: 19620: 19617: 19615: 19612: 19610: 19607: 19605: 19602: 19601: 19599: 19597: 19593: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19577: 19576:Legal history 19574: 19572: 19569: 19567: 19564: 19562: 19559: 19557: 19554: 19552: 19549: 19547: 19544: 19543: 19541: 19539: 19535: 19529: 19526: 19525: 19522: 19518: 19517:Jurisprudence 19511: 19506: 19504: 19499: 19497: 19492: 19491: 19488: 19476: 19473: 19471: 19468: 19466: 19463: 19462: 19459: 19453: 19450: 19446: 19443: 19442: 19441: 19438: 19436: 19433: 19431: 19430:Scholasticism 19428: 19426: 19423: 19421: 19418: 19416: 19413: 19411: 19408: 19406: 19403: 19401: 19398: 19397: 19395: 19391: 19382: 19381: 19377: 19372: 19371: 19367: 19362: 19361: 19357: 19352: 19351: 19347: 19342: 19341: 19337: 19332: 19331: 19327: 19322: 19321: 19317: 19312: 19311: 19307: 19301: 19297: 19292: 19291: 19287: 19282: 19281: 19277: 19272: 19271: 19267: 19262: 19261: 19257: 19252: 19251: 19247: 19246: 19244: 19240: 19234: 19233: 19229: 19227: 19224: 19222: 19219: 19217: 19214: 19212: 19209: 19207: 19204: 19202: 19199: 19197: 19194: 19192: 19189: 19187: 19184: 19182: 19179: 19177: 19174: 19172: 19169: 19167: 19164: 19162: 19159: 19157: 19154: 19152: 19149: 19147: 19144: 19142: 19139: 19137: 19134: 19132: 19129: 19127: 19124: 19122: 19119: 19117: 19114: 19112: 19109: 19107: 19104: 19102: 19099: 19098: 19096: 19092: 19086: 19083: 19081: 19078: 19076: 19073: 19070: 19066: 19063: 19061: 19058: 19056: 19053: 19051: 19048: 19046: 19045:Structuralism 19043: 19041: 19038: 19036: 19033: 19031: 19028: 19026: 19023: 19021: 19018: 19016: 19013: 19011: 19008: 19006: 19003: 19001: 18998: 18996: 18993: 18991: 18988: 18986: 18983: 18981: 18978: 18976: 18973: 18971: 18970:Descriptivism 18968: 18966: 18963: 18961: 18958: 18956: 18953: 18951: 18950:Contrastivism 18948: 18946: 18943: 18941: 18938: 18937: 18935: 18933: 18929: 18923: 18920: 18918: 18915: 18913: 18910: 18908: 18905: 18903: 18900: 18898: 18895: 18893: 18890: 18888: 18885: 18883: 18880: 18878: 18875: 18873: 18870: 18868: 18865: 18863: 18860: 18858: 18855: 18853: 18850: 18848: 18845: 18843: 18840: 18838: 18835: 18833: 18830: 18828: 18825: 18823: 18820: 18818: 18815: 18813: 18810: 18808: 18805: 18803: 18800: 18798: 18795: 18793: 18790: 18788: 18785: 18783: 18780: 18778: 18775: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18743: 18740: 18738: 18735: 18733: 18730: 18728: 18725: 18723: 18720: 18718: 18715: 18713: 18710: 18708: 18705: 18703: 18700: 18698: 18695: 18693: 18690: 18688: 18685: 18684: 18682: 18680: 18676: 18672: 18667: 18663: 18656: 18651: 18649: 18644: 18642: 18637: 18636: 18633: 18621: 18618: 18616: 18613: 18610: 18606: 18603: 18600: 18596: 18593: 18592: 18590: 18586: 18581: 18566: 18562: 18559: 18556: 18552: 18549: 18546: 18545: 18544:On Aggression 18540: 18539:Konrad Lorenz 18537: 18534: 18530: 18527: 18524: 18523: 18518: 18515: 18512: 18511: 18506: 18505:Abbott Thayer 18503: 18501: 18498: 18497: 18495: 18491: 18484: 18480: 18477: 18474: 18473: 18468: 18467:Ernst Haeckel 18465: 18462: 18458: 18455: 18453: 18450: 18448: 18445: 18443: 18440: 18438: 18435: 18433: 18432:Louis Agassiz 18430: 18428: 18425: 18423: 18420: 18418: 18417:Charles Lyell 18415: 18413: 18410: 18407: 18406: 18401: 18398: 18396: 18393: 18390: 18389: 18384: 18381: 18378: 18377: 18372: 18369: 18366: 18365: 18360: 18357: 18355: 18354:William Smith 18352: 18349: 18348: 18343: 18340: 18337: 18336: 18331: 18328: 18327: 18325: 18321: 18314: 18313: 18308: 18305: 18302: 18301: 18296: 18295:Thomas Bewick 18293: 18290: 18289: 18284: 18283:Gilbert White 18281: 18279: 18276: 18273: 18272: 18267: 18264: 18261: 18260: 18255: 18252: 18250: 18247: 18245: 18242: 18240: 18237: 18235: 18234:Georg Steller 18232: 18229: 18228: 18223: 18222:Carl Linnaeus 18220: 18218: 18215: 18213: 18210: 18208: 18205: 18203: 18200: 18198: 18195: 18193: 18190: 18187: 18186: 18181: 18178: 18177: 18175: 18173: 18172:Enlightenment 18169: 18162: 18158: 18155: 18152: 18148: 18144: 18141: 18139: 18136: 18133: 18132: 18127: 18124: 18122: 18119: 18117: 18114: 18112: 18109: 18107: 18104: 18102: 18101:Otto Brunfels 18099: 18096: 18092: 18089: 18087: 18084: 18083: 18081: 18079: 18075: 18068: 18067: 18062: 18059: 18056: 18055: 18050: 18047: 18044: 18040: 18037: 18034: 18033: 18028: 18025: 18022: 18021: 18016: 18013: 18012: 18010: 18008: 18002: 17999: 17993: 17989: 17982: 17977: 17975: 17970: 17968: 17963: 17962: 17959: 17947: 17939: 17938: 17935: 17929: 17928: 17924: 17922: 17919: 17917: 17914: 17912: 17909: 17907: 17904: 17902: 17899: 17897: 17894: 17892: 17889: 17887: 17884: 17882: 17879: 17877: 17874: 17872: 17869: 17867: 17864: 17862: 17859: 17857: 17854: 17852: 17849: 17848: 17846: 17842: 17833: 17830: 17825: 17822: 17817: 17814: 17809: 17806: 17801: 17798: 17793: 17790: 17785: 17782: 17777: 17774: 17769: 17766: 17761: 17758: 17753: 17750: 17745: 17742: 17737: 17734: 17729: 17726: 17721: 17718: 17713: 17710: 17705: 17702: 17697: 17694: 17693: 17691: 17687: 17681: 17678: 17676: 17673: 17671: 17668: 17666: 17663: 17661: 17658: 17656: 17653: 17651: 17648: 17646: 17643: 17641: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17621: 17618: 17616: 17613: 17611: 17608: 17606: 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17586: 17583: 17581: 17578: 17576: 17573: 17571: 17568: 17566: 17563: 17561: 17558: 17556: 17553: 17551: 17548: 17546: 17543: 17541: 17538: 17536: 17533: 17531: 17528: 17526: 17523: 17521: 17518: 17516: 17513: 17511: 17508: 17506: 17503: 17501: 17498: 17496: 17493: 17491: 17488: 17486: 17483: 17481: 17478: 17476: 17473: 17471: 17468: 17466: 17463: 17462: 17460: 17458: 17453: 17447: 17444: 17442: 17439: 17437: 17434: 17432: 17429: 17425: 17422: 17420: 17417: 17415: 17412: 17411: 17410: 17407: 17405: 17402: 17400: 17397: 17395: 17392: 17390: 17387: 17385: 17382: 17380: 17377: 17375: 17372: 17370: 17367: 17365: 17362: 17360: 17357: 17355: 17352: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17342: 17340: 17337: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17329:Moral courage 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17305: 17302: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17283: 17280: 17278: 17275: 17273: 17270: 17269: 17268: 17267:Good and evil 17265: 17263: 17260: 17258: 17255: 17253: 17252:Family values 17250: 17248: 17245: 17243: 17240: 17238: 17235: 17233: 17230: 17228: 17225: 17223: 17220: 17218: 17215: 17213: 17210: 17208: 17205: 17203: 17200: 17198: 17195: 17193: 17190: 17188: 17185: 17184: 17182: 17178: 17172: 17169: 17167: 17164: 17162: 17159: 17157: 17154: 17152: 17149: 17147: 17144: 17142: 17139: 17137: 17134: 17132: 17129: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17117: 17114: 17113: 17111: 17107: 17099: 17096: 17095: 17094: 17091: 17089: 17086: 17084: 17081: 17079: 17076: 17072: 17069: 17067: 17066:Quasi-realism 17064: 17062: 17059: 17057: 17054: 17053: 17052: 17049: 17047: 17044: 17042: 17039: 17037: 17034: 17032: 17029: 17023: 17020: 17018: 17015: 17014: 17013: 17010: 17006: 17003: 17001: 16998: 16997: 16996: 16993: 16992: 16991: 16988: 16986: 16983: 16981: 16978: 16977: 16975: 16973: 16969: 16963: 16960: 16958: 16955: 16953: 16950: 16948: 16945: 16943: 16940: 16938: 16935: 16933: 16930: 16928: 16925: 16923: 16920: 16918: 16915: 16913: 16910: 16908: 16905: 16903: 16900: 16896: 16893: 16892: 16891: 16890:Environmental 16888: 16886: 16883: 16881: 16878: 16876: 16873: 16871: 16868: 16866: 16863: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16852: 16850: 16848: 16844: 16838: 16835: 16833: 16830: 16828: 16825: 16823: 16820: 16818: 16815: 16813: 16812:Particularism 16810: 16808: 16805: 16803: 16800: 16798: 16795: 16794: 16792: 16790: 16786: 16782: 16775: 16770: 16768: 16763: 16761: 16756: 16755: 16752: 16740: 16730: 16728: 16720: 16719: 16716: 16710: 16707: 16705: 16702: 16700: 16697: 16695: 16692: 16690: 16687: 16685: 16684:Phenomenology 16682: 16680: 16677: 16675: 16672: 16670: 16667: 16665: 16662: 16660: 16657: 16655: 16652: 16650: 16647: 16646: 16644: 16640: 16631: 16630: 16626: 16621: 16620: 16616: 16611: 16610: 16606: 16601: 16600: 16596: 16591: 16590: 16586: 16581: 16580: 16576: 16571: 16570: 16566: 16561: 16560: 16556: 16551: 16550: 16546: 16541: 16540: 16536: 16531: 16530: 16526: 16521: 16520: 16516: 16511: 16510: 16506: 16501: 16500: 16496: 16491: 16490: 16486: 16481: 16480: 16476: 16471: 16470: 16466: 16461: 16460: 16456: 16451: 16450: 16446: 16445: 16443: 16441:Notable works 16439: 16433: 16432: 16428: 16426: 16423: 16421: 16418: 16416: 16413: 16411: 16408: 16406: 16403: 16401: 16398: 16396: 16393: 16391: 16388: 16386: 16383: 16381: 16378: 16376: 16373: 16371: 16368: 16366: 16363: 16361: 16358: 16356: 16353: 16351: 16348: 16346: 16343: 16341: 16338: 16336: 16333: 16331: 16328: 16326: 16323: 16321: 16318: 16316: 16313: 16311: 16308: 16306: 16303: 16301: 16298: 16296: 16293: 16291: 16288: 16286: 16283: 16281: 16278: 16276: 16273: 16271: 16268: 16266: 16263: 16261: 16258: 16256: 16253: 16251: 16248: 16246: 16243: 16241: 16238: 16236: 16233: 16231: 16228: 16226: 16223: 16221: 16218: 16216: 16213: 16211: 16208: 16206: 16203: 16201: 16198: 16196: 16193: 16191: 16188: 16187: 16185: 16183: 16179: 16173: 16172: 16168: 16166: 16163: 16161: 16158: 16156: 16153: 16151: 16148: 16146: 16143: 16141: 16138: 16136: 16133: 16131: 16128: 16126: 16123: 16121: 16118: 16116: 16113: 16111: 16108: 16106: 16103: 16101: 16098: 16096: 16093: 16091: 16088: 16086: 16083: 16081: 16078: 16076: 16073: 16071: 16068: 16066: 16063: 16061: 16058: 16056: 16053: 16051: 16048: 16046: 16043: 16041: 16038: 16036: 16033: 16031: 16028: 16026: 16023: 16021: 16018: 16016: 16013: 16011: 16008: 16006: 16003: 15999: 15996: 15995: 15994: 15991: 15989: 15986: 15984: 15981: 15979: 15976: 15974: 15971: 15969: 15966: 15964: 15961: 15959: 15956: 15954: 15951: 15949: 15946: 15944: 15943: 15939: 15937: 15934: 15932: 15929: 15927: 15924: 15922: 15919: 15917: 15914: 15913: 15911: 15907: 15901: 15898: 15896: 15893: 15891: 15888: 15886: 15883: 15881: 15878: 15876: 15873: 15871: 15868: 15866: 15863: 15861: 15858: 15856: 15853: 15851: 15848: 15846: 15845:Phenomenalism 15843: 15841: 15838: 15836: 15833: 15831: 15828: 15826: 15823: 15821: 15818: 15816: 15813: 15811: 15808: 15806: 15803: 15801: 15798: 15796: 15793: 15791: 15788: 15786: 15783: 15781: 15778: 15776: 15773: 15771: 15768: 15766: 15765:Action theory 15763: 15761: 15758: 15757: 15755: 15751: 15747: 15740: 15735: 15733: 15728: 15726: 15721: 15720: 15717: 15705: 15702: 15700: 15697: 15695: 15692: 15690: 15687: 15685: 15682: 15680: 15677: 15675: 15672: 15670: 15667: 15665: 15662: 15661: 15659: 15655: 15649: 15646: 15644: 15641: 15639: 15636: 15634: 15631: 15629: 15628:Lyco of Troas 15626: 15624: 15621: 15619: 15616: 15614: 15611: 15609: 15606: 15604: 15601: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15564: 15561: 15560: 15558: 15554: 15550: 15547: 15540: 15535: 15533: 15528: 15526: 15521: 15520: 15517: 15511: 15504: 15492: 15482: 15480: 15472: 15471: 15468: 15462: 15461:Wheel paradox 15459: 15457: 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15442: 15439: 15435: 15432: 15431: 15430: 15427: 15425: 15422: 15421: 15419: 15415: 15405: 15402: 15400: 15397: 15395: 15392: 15390: 15387: 15385: 15382: 15380: 15377: 15375: 15372: 15370: 15369:Trendelenburg 15367: 15365: 15362: 15361: 15359: 15355: 15345: 15342: 15340: 15337: 15335: 15332: 15330: 15327: 15323: 15320: 15319: 15318: 15315: 15311: 15308: 15307: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15296: 15295:Peter Lombard 15293: 15292: 15290: 15288: 15287:Scholasticism 15284: 15274: 15271: 15270: 15268: 15264: 15252: 15249: 15248: 15247: 15244: 15240: 15237: 15236: 15235: 15232: 15230: 15227: 15225: 15222: 15221: 15219: 15217: 15213: 15203: 15200: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15183: 15180: 15178: 15177:Lyco of Troas 15175: 15173: 15170: 15168: 15165: 15163: 15160: 15158: 15155: 15153: 15150: 15148: 15145: 15144: 15142: 15140: 15136: 15133: 15129: 15119: 15118:Magna Moralia 15116: 15114: 15111: 15109: 15106: 15104: 15101: 15099: 15096: 15094: 15091: 15089: 15086: 15084: 15081: 15079: 15076: 15074: 15071: 15069: 15066: 15064: 15061: 15059: 15056: 15054: 15051: 15049: 15046: 15044: 15041: 15040: 15038: 15036: 15032: 15026: 15023: 15022: 15020: 15016: 15010: 15007: 15005: 15002: 15000: 14997: 14995: 14992: 14990: 14987: 14985: 14982: 14980: 14977: 14976: 14974: 14972: 14968: 14962: 14959: 14957: 14954: 14953: 14951: 14947: 14941: 14938: 14936: 14933: 14931: 14928: 14926: 14923: 14922: 14920: 14917: 14913: 14907: 14904: 14903: 14901: 14897: 14891: 14888: 14886: 14883: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14867: 14865: 14863: 14859: 14853: 14850: 14848: 14845: 14843: 14840: 14838: 14835: 14833: 14830: 14829: 14827: 14825: 14821: 14815: 14812: 14810: 14807: 14805: 14802: 14800: 14797: 14795: 14792: 14790: 14787: 14786: 14784: 14782: 14778: 14775: 14773: 14769: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14757:Virtue ethics 14755: 14753: 14752:Unmoved mover 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14740: 14738: 14735: 14733: 14732: 14728: 14726: 14723: 14720: 14719: 14714: 14713: 14708: 14705: 14703: 14700: 14698: 14697: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14680: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14663: 14659: 14657: 14656: 14652: 14650: 14647: 14645: 14644: 14640: 14638: 14635: 14633: 14632: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14611: 14610: 14606: 14604: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14589: 14585: 14583: 14580: 14578: 14577: 14573: 14571: 14570: 14566: 14564: 14561: 14560: 14558: 14554: 14548: 14545: 14543: 14540: 14538: 14535: 14534: 14532: 14528: 14524: 14517: 14512: 14510: 14505: 14503: 14498: 14497: 14494: 14487: 14483: 14479: 14475: 14472: 14468: 14464: 14462: 14456: 14454: 14450: 14448: 14444: 14438: 14436: 14432: 14429: 14421: 14417: 14414: 14412: 14408: 14405: 14403: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14390: 14388: 14384: 14381: 14380: 14376: 14375: 14370: 14366: 14365: 14359: 14354: 14344: 14340: 14339: 14333: 14327: 14320: 14317: 14315: 14312: 14310: 14307: 14305: 14302: 14300: 14297: 14295: 14292: 14290: 14287: 14285: 14282: 14280: 14277: 14275: 14272: 14270: 14267: 14265: 14262: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14251: 14249: 14248: 14246: 14242: 14240: 14236: 14229: 14226: 14224: 14221: 14219: 14216: 14214: 14211: 14209: 14206: 14204: 14201: 14199: 14196: 14194: 14191: 14190: 14188: 14187: 14185: 14181: 14179: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14166: 14163: 14162: 14156: 14153: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14142: 14140: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14119: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14093: 14089: 14084: 14080: 14076: 14072: 14068: 14062: 14057: 14056: 14049: 14046: 14042: 14038: 14035: 14031: 14027: 14023: 14019: 14015: 14010: 14007: 14003: 13999: 13995: 13991: 13987: 13981: 13977: 13973: 13969: 13964: 13960: 13956: 13951: 13947: 13942: 13939: 13935: 13931: 13928: 13924: 13920: 13917: 13914: 13910: 13906: 13903: 13899: 13896: 13892: 13888: 13883: 13880: 13876: 13872: 13868: 13864: 13863:Jori, Alberto 13861: 13857: 13852: 13848: 13846:0-19-824290-5 13842: 13835: 13834: 13829: 13825: 13821: 13815: 13811: 13806: 13802: 13796: 13792: 13787: 13783: 13779: 13774: 13771: 13767: 13764: 13763: 13759: 13756: 13751: 13748: 13744: 13740: 13736: 13733: 13729: 13726: 13722: 13718: 13714: 13710: 13704: 13699: 13698: 13691: 13687: 13683: 13678: 13675: 13671: 13667: 13663: 13659: 13655: 13651: 13646: 13642: 13637: 13634: 13630: 13627: 13624: 13621: 13617: 13613: 13608: 13605: 13601: 13597: 13593: 13588: 13584: 13579: 13575: 13569: 13565: 13560: 13556: 13555: 13550: 13546: 13542: 13537: 13534: 13530: 13527: 13526: 13524: 13511: 13510: 13505: 13501: 13497: 13493: 13492: 13487: 13483: 13478: 13466: 13462: 13461:The Telegraph 13457: 13452: 13448: 13442: 13438: 13437: 13431: 13427: 13423: 13419: 13413: 13409: 13408: 13403: 13399: 13387: 13383: 13379: 13375: 13374: 13369: 13365: 13361: 13357: 13353: 13347: 13343: 13339: 13335: 13330: 13327: 13315: 13314:My Modern Met 13311: 13306: 13294: 13290: 13278: 13274: 13270: 13266: 13262: 13251: 13247: 13243: 13239: 13235: 13231: 13227: 13223: 13219: 13215: 13210: 13206: 13200: 13197:. Duckworth. 13196: 13192: 13188: 13185: 13180: 13175: 13163: 13162: 13156: 13152: 13151: 13146: 13142: 13137: 13133: 13129: 13125: 13120: 13116: 13115: 13110: 13105: 13101: 13095: 13091: 13090: 13084: 13080: 13074: 13070: 13069: 13063: 13059: 13053: 13049: 13048: 13042: 13038: 13034: 13030: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13012: 13008: 13004: 13000: 12996: 12990: 12985: 12984: 12981: 12975: 12970: 12966: 12961: 12957: 12951: 12947: 12946: 12940: 12925: 12918: 12914: 12902: 12898: 12894: 12890: 12884: 12880: 12879: 12873: 12861: 12856: 12852: 12846: 12842: 12837: 12833: 12829: 12825: 12821: 12817: 12813: 12809: 12805: 12802:(1): 83–112. 12801: 12797: 12792: 12788: 12784: 12779: 12778: 12771: 12767: 12763: 12759: 12755: 12751: 12747: 12743: 12739: 12734: 12730: 12724: 12720: 12716: 12712: 12708: 12702: 12699:. Routledge. 12698: 12697: 12691: 12687: 12681: 12677: 12673: 12669: 12665: 12659: 12654: 12653: 12647: 12643: 12639: 12635: 12631: 12625: 12621: 12620: 12614: 12610: 12604: 12600: 12596: 12592: 12588: 12587: 12582: 12578: 12573: 12569: 12565: 12560: 12555: 12551: 12547: 12543: 12539: 12535: 12530: 12526: 12522: 12518: 12517: 12512: 12508: 12496: 12492: 12488: 12484: 12478: 12474: 12470: 12466: 12462: 12456: 12452: 12448: 12444: 12440: 12434: 12430: 12426: 12422: 12418: 12414: 12408: 12403: 12402: 12395: 12391: 12385: 12381: 12380: 12375: 12371: 12359: 12355: 12351: 12347: 12341: 12337: 12333: 12328: 12316: 12312: 12308: 12303: 12299: 12298: 12293: 12289: 12284: 12280: 12279: 12274: 12270: 12265: 12261: 12255: 12251: 12246: 12242: 12241: 12236: 12232: 12227: 12216: 12212: 12207: 12203: 12197: 12193: 12188: 12184: 12178: 12174: 12170: 12166: 12161: 12157: 12151: 12147: 12146: 12140: 12136: 12132: 12128: 12124: 12120: 12116: 12110: 12106: 12101: 12090: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12075: 12069: 12065: 12064: 12058: 12055:. p. 22. 12054: 12047: 12042: 12038: 12037: 12032: 12027: 12023: 12022: 12016: 12012: 12008: 12004: 12003: 11998: 11994: 11990: 11986: 11982: 11978: 11974: 11969: 11965: 11961: 11954: 11949: 11945: 11939: 11934: 11933: 11927: 11923: 11919: 11918: 11913: 11909: 11904: 11900: 11894: 11890: 11886: 11882: 11877: 11873: 11867: 11863: 11859: 11855: 11851: 11847: 11841: 11837: 11833: 11829: 11825: 11821: 11815: 11811: 11810: 11804: 11800: 11794: 11790: 11789: 11783: 11779: 11773: 11769: 11764: 11760: 11754: 11750: 11746: 11744: 11737: 11733: 11727: 11722: 11721: 11714: 11710: 11704: 11700: 11699: 11693: 11689: 11683: 11679: 11678: 11672: 11668: 11662: 11658: 11653: 11648: 11643: 11640:(16): 72–73. 11639: 11635: 11631: 11626: 11622: 11618: 11614: 11610: 11606: 11602: 11598: 11594: 11589: 11585: 11581: 11577: 11573: 11572: 11566: 11562: 11556: 11552: 11551: 11546: 11542: 11538: 11534: 11530: 11526: 11522: 11518: 11514: 11510: 11506: 11501: 11497: 11493: 11489: 11485: 11480: 11476: 11472: 11467: 11462: 11458: 11454: 11450: 11445: 11434: 11433: 11427: 11423: 11419: 11415: 11411: 11406: 11401: 11397: 11393: 11388: 11376: 11372: 11367: 11363: 11359: 11355: 11351: 11346: 11342: 11336: 11332: 11331: 11325: 11321: 11315: 11311: 11310: 11305: 11304:Boole, George 11301: 11297: 11293: 11288: 11284: 11278: 11274: 11273: 11267: 11263: 11259: 11254: 11249: 11245: 11241: 11237: 11232: 11228: 11222: 11218: 11217: 11211: 11207: 11201: 11197: 11196: 11191: 11187: 11183: 11177: 11173: 11169: 11165: 11161: 11157: 11151: 11147: 11143: 11139: 11135: 11131: 11127: 11122: 11110: 11109: 11104: 11100: 11096: 11092: 11088: 11084: 11081: 11076: 11072: 11066: 11062: 11057: 11053: 11047: 11042: 11041: 11034: 11030: 11025: 11014: 11010: 11006: 11002: 10998: 10997: 10994: 10989: 10985: 10981: 10977: 10972: 10968: 10964: 10959: 10947: 10943: 10938: 10926: 10922: 10917: 10905: 10901: 10896: 10884: 10880: 10879:"On the Soul" 10875: 10871: 10867: 10862: 10850: 10846: 10845:"Meteorology" 10841: 10829: 10825: 10824:"Metaphysics" 10820: 10808: 10804: 10800: 10796: 10784: 10780: 10769: 10765: 10764:"Aristoteles" 10761: 10749: 10744: 10740: 10734: 10730: 10729: 10724: 10720: 10716: 10710: 10706: 10701: 10697: 10691: 10687: 10682: 10671: 10667: 10662: 10658: 10654: 10650: 10646: 10641: 10636: 10632: 10628: 10624: 10619: 10615: 10609: 10605: 10604: 10599: 10595: 10594: 10574: 10570: 10564: 10557: 10552: 10545: 10540: 10533: 10528: 10521: 10516: 10509: 10504: 10497: 10492: 10485: 10480: 10473: 10468: 10460: 10456: 10450: 10442: 10441: 10436: 10429: 10427: 10425: 10423: 10412: 10411: 10406: 10402: 10401: 10398: 10394: 10388: 10381: 10376: 10370:, p. 16. 10369: 10364: 10357: 10352: 10345: 10340: 10333: 10328: 10322:, p. 35. 10321: 10316: 10310:, p. 12. 10309: 10304: 10302: 10294: 10289: 10282: 10277: 10270: 10265: 10257: 10251: 10247: 10243: 10237: 10229: 10225: 10221: 10219:9780470515655 10215: 10211: 10207: 10203: 10196: 10189: 10184: 10177: 10172: 10165: 10160: 10152: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10134: 10130: 10126: 10119: 10103: 10097: 10090: 10085: 10077: 10071: 10067: 10063: 10062: 10054: 10046: 10040: 10036: 10032: 10025: 10019:, p. 28. 10018: 10013: 10006: 10001: 9999: 9992:, p. 72. 9991: 9986: 9979: 9974: 9958: 9951: 9945: 9941: 9936: 9928: 9924: 9920: 9914: 9910: 9903: 9895: 9891: 9887: 9881: 9877: 9873: 9866: 9859: 9854: 9847: 9846:Machamer 2017 9842: 9835: 9830: 9821: 9812: 9803: 9794: 9786: 9782: 9776: 9770:, p. 74. 9769: 9768:Kukkonen 2010 9764: 9757: 9752: 9745: 9740: 9733: 9727: 9720: 9715: 9708: 9703: 9696: 9691: 9684: 9679: 9672: 9667: 9660: 9659:Averroes 1953 9655: 9648: 9643: 9636: 9631: 9629: 9620: 9616: 9612: 9611: 9603: 9596: 9591: 9584: 9583:Lindberg 1992 9579: 9572: 9567: 9560: 9555: 9547: 9541: 9537: 9530: 9515: 9511: 9504: 9496: 9490: 9486: 9479: 9472: 9467: 9461:, p. 56. 9460: 9455: 9448: 9443: 9436: 9435:Plutarch 1919 9431: 9425:, p. 46. 9424: 9419: 9412: 9407: 9400: 9395: 9386: 9383: 9371: 9367: 9361: 9357: 9352: 9349: 9345: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9336:0-8132-1347-9 9333: 9329: 9328: 9321: 9317: 9311: 9307: 9303: 9299: 9295: 9292:(1): 72–100. 9291: 9287: 9283: 9277: 9274: 9271: 9268: 9265: 9264: 9260: 9253: 9248: 9246: 9239:, p. 86. 9238: 9233: 9226: 9225:Kukkonen 2010 9221: 9219: 9217: 9215: 9208:, p. 92. 9207: 9202: 9195: 9190: 9184:, p. 34. 9183: 9178: 9170: 9166: 9165: 9160: 9153: 9146: 9141: 9134: 9129: 9113: 9109: 9103: 9088:. 16 May 2023 9087: 9083: 9077: 9070: 9065: 9058: 9053: 9046: 9045:Freeland 1998 9041: 9026: 9022: 9018: 9011: 9004: 8999: 8992: 8987: 8981:, p. VI. 8980: 8975: 8968: 8967:Kaufmann 1968 8963: 8956: 8951: 8944: 8939: 8933:, p. IV. 8932: 8927: 8920: 8915: 8908: 8903: 8901: 8899: 8897: 8895: 8888:, p. 71. 8887: 8886:Grimaldi 1998 8882: 8875: 8870: 8863: 8858: 8851: 8846: 8844: 8842: 8840: 8832: 8827: 8825: 8823: 8816:, p. 22. 8815: 8810: 8808: 8801:, p. 59. 8800: 8795: 8788: 8783: 8776: 8771: 8764: 8759: 8752: 8747: 8740: 8735: 8728: 8723: 8716: 8711: 8709: 8701: 8696: 8689: 8684: 8677: 8672: 8670: 8668: 8666: 8664: 8656: 8651: 8649: 8647: 8645: 8643: 8641: 8634:, p. 54. 8633: 8628: 8621: 8616: 8609: 8604: 8598:, p. 19. 8597: 8592: 8586:, p. 25. 8585: 8580: 8574:, p. 30. 8573: 8568: 8562:, p. 25. 8561: 8556: 8550:, p. 16. 8549: 8544: 8538:, p. 61. 8537: 8532: 8526:, p. 12. 8525: 8520: 8513: 8507: 8500: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8483: 8476: 8470: 8463: 8457: 8450: 8446: 8442: 8437: 8430: 8425: 8419:, p. 45. 8418: 8413: 8406: 8401: 8394: 8389: 8381: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8363: 8360:(in French). 8359: 8355: 8348: 8340: 8336: 8332: 8328: 8324: 8320: 8316: 8312: 8308: 8301: 8293: 8289: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8273: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8254: 8246: 8242: 8238: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8205: 8197: 8195:0-521-65976-0 8191: 8187: 8184:. Cambridge: 8183: 8176: 8169: 8164: 8157: 8152: 8145: 8140: 8133: 8128: 8122:, p. 35. 8121: 8116: 8109: 8104: 8097: 8092: 8086:, p. 49. 8085: 8080: 8073: 8068: 8066: 8058: 8053: 8046: 8041: 8034: 8029: 8023:, p. 42. 8022: 8017: 8010: 8005: 7998: 7993: 7986: 7981: 7974: 7969: 7963:, p. 73. 7962: 7957: 7950: 7945: 7938: 7933: 7926: 7921: 7914: 7909: 7894:. 2 June 2012 7893: 7889: 7883: 7876: 7875:Thompson 1910 7871: 7865:, p. 14. 7864: 7859: 7852: 7847: 7832:. p. 156 7831: 7827: 7826: 7818: 7810: 7803: 7797:, p. 17. 7796: 7791: 7784: 7779: 7773:, p. 13. 7772: 7767: 7760: 7755: 7748: 7743: 7736: 7731: 7724: 7719: 7712: 7707: 7700: 7695: 7693: 7685: 7680: 7673: 7668: 7666: 7664: 7662: 7660: 7652: 7647: 7640: 7639:Carteron 1923 7635: 7628: 7623: 7621: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7613: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7599: 7598:Susskind 2011 7594: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7586: 7578: 7573: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7565: 7563: 7561: 7559: 7557: 7549: 7544: 7542: 7534: 7529: 7527: 7519: 7518:Wildberg 2016 7514: 7512: 7510: 7508: 7500: 7495: 7488: 7483: 7476: 7471: 7464: 7459: 7452: 7447: 7440: 7435: 7433: 7431: 7429: 7427: 7425: 7417: 7412: 7405: 7400: 7398: 7396: 7388: 7383: 7381: 7379: 7371: 7366: 7359: 7354: 7348:, p. 52. 7347: 7346:Pickover 2009 7342: 7335: 7330: 7323: 7318: 7311: 7306: 7299: 7298:Corcoran 2009 7294: 7287: 7282: 7275: 7270: 7255: 7251: 7244: 7237: 7232: 7226:, p. 41. 7225: 7220: 7213: 7208: 7201: 7196: 7189: 7184: 7177: 7172: 7170: 7168: 7166: 7159:, p. 88. 7158: 7153: 7146: 7141: 7139: 7131: 7126: 7124: 7116: 7111: 7109: 7107: 7099: 7094: 7087: 7082: 7075: 7070: 7063: 7058: 7052:, p. 14. 7051: 7046: 7038: 7034: 7030: 7024: 7020: 7013: 7006: 7001: 6994: 6993:McLeisch 1999 6989: 6982: 6977: 6975: 6973: 6965: 6960: 6956: 6942: 6935: 6929: 6922: 6918: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6900: 6891: 6882: 6875: 6871: 6867: 6861: 6851: 6842: 6835: 6831: 6827: 6821: 6811: 6804: 6798: 6791: 6790:not to change 6787: 6781: 6772: 6763: 6756: 6753: 6749: 6743: 6736: 6732: 6731: 6726: 6722: 6718: 6717:August Boeckh 6712: 6705: 6701: 6695: 6688: 6679: 6673: 6672: 6663: 6629: 6625: 6611: 6610:Perfectionism 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6597: 6591: 6589: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6559: 6555: 6541: 6534: 6529: 6526:, Wales, 1899 6525: 6521: 6514: 6509: 6505: 6501: 6494: 6489: 6482: 6477: 6474: 6473:Louvre Museum 6470: 6463: 6458: 6457: 6445: 6440: 6433: 6428: 6424: 6420: 6414: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6395: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6381: 6373: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6359: 6352: 6347: 6343: 6339: 6338: 6330: 6325: 6321: 6317: 6311: 6306: 6302: 6298: 6292: 6287: 6277: 6273: 6267: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6254: 6247: 6242: 6239: 6235: 6229: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6220: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6189: 6185: 6181: 6177: 6173: 6169: 6154: 6152: 6148: 6143: 6139: 6137: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6109: 6105: 6102:According to 6100: 6098: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6079: 6069: 6067: 6063: 6054: 6053: 6047: 6042: 6027: 6025: 6024:deep homology 6021: 6020:Lewis I. Held 6018: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5994: 5990: 5986: 5982: 5976: 5973: 5972:Peter Medawar 5968: 5963: 5960: 5950: 5948: 5944: 5939: 5935: 5933: 5929: 5928: 5923: 5919: 5909: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5883: 5879: 5878: 5873: 5869: 5860: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5849: 5844: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5827: 5826:Albert Magnus 5822: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5809: 5805: 5804:Peter Abelard 5801: 5797: 5793: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5780: 5776: 5772: 5768: 5764: 5752: CE 600 5746: 5740: 5736: 5726: 5724: 5720: 5715: 5711: 5707: 5703: 5699: 5695: 5680: 5679: 5673: 5668: 5664: 5654: 5652: 5648: 5643: 5641: 5636: 5632: 5625: 5621: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5600: 5591: 5589: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5573: 5569: 5565: 5561: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5544: 5542: 5538: 5532: 5522: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5459: 5457: 5453: 5450:, fruit, and 5449: 5445: 5441: 5440: 5435: 5427: 5426: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5408: 5404: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5371: 5369: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5349:homosexuality 5346: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5325: 5317: 5315: 5311: 5306: 5302: 5297: 5289: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5278: 5273: 5272: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5255: 5252: 5247: 5243: 5239: 5235: 5234: 5229: 5225: 5221: 5215: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5193: 5192: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5164: 5159: 5158: 5153: 5147: 5135: 5130: 5128: 5123: 5121: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5112: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5099:Toulmin model 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5084:Talking point 5082: 5080: 5079:Speechwriting 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4999: 4995: 4994: 4986: 4985: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4900:Argumentation 4898: 4897: 4889: 4888: 4878: 4877: 4873: 4868: 4867: 4863: 4858: 4857: 4853: 4848: 4847: 4843: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4827: 4823: 4818: 4817: 4813: 4808: 4807: 4803: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4787: 4783: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4768: 4767: 4763: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4738: 4737: 4736:De Inventione 4733: 4728: 4727: 4723: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4708: 4707: 4703: 4698: 4697: 4693: 4688: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4677: 4673: 4672: 4664: 4663: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4494: 4493: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4445: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4431: 4425: 4424: 4417: 4416:War-mongering 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4400: 4397: 4396: 4395: 4392: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4383: 4382:Progymnasmata 4380: 4376: 4373: 4371: 4368: 4366: 4363: 4362: 4361: 4358: 4356: 4353: 4351: 4350:Maiden speech 4348: 4346: 4343: 4339: 4336: 4335: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4322: 4319: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4284: 4280: 4279: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4259: 4256: 4255: 4254: 4251: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4231: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4216: 4208: 4207: 4200: 4199: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4181: 4180: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4166: 4162: 4160: 4159: 4155: 4153: 4152: 4148: 4147: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4119: 4118: 4114: 4112: 4109: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4098: 4097: 4093: 4091: 4090: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4077: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4054: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4035: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4014: 4010: 4009: 4008: 4005: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3997: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3960: 3959: 3952: 3951:Modern period 3949: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3939: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3921: 3918: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3905: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3898:Ancient India 3896: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3881:Attic orators 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3868: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3827: 3819: 3815: 3813: 3808: 3804: 3799: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3754: 3748: 3734: 3727: 3722: 3720: 3719: 3712: 3707: 3705: 3704: 3698: 3696: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3683: 3672: 3668: 3666: 3665: 3658: 3648: 3646: 3645: 3640: 3639: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3614: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3592: 3591: 3583: 3569:Wastefulness 3568: 3565: 3562: 3561: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3547:Spitefulness 3546: 3543: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3532: 3530:Shamelessness 3529: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3518: 3517: 3514:Boastfulness 3513: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3503:Intemperance 3502: 3499: 3497:Insensibility 3496: 3495: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3474: 3473: 3470:Irascibility 3469: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3458: 3455: 3452: 3451: 3447: 3444: 3441: 3440: 3436: 3434:Virtuous mean 3433: 3430: 3429: 3423: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3409: 3399: 3395: 3393: 3389: 3383: 3381: 3375: 3365: 3363: 3359: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3298: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3267: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3204: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3186: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3156: 3153:, from earth 3141: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3130: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3062:trumpet snail 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3016: 3013:except shell 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2940: 2939: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2917: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2904: 2903: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2880:Ottoman viper 2878:Water snake, 2877: 2875: 2872: 2871: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2821: 2818: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2803: 2801: 2798: 2797: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2706: 2683: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2660: 2659: 2655: 2654: 2653:Scala naturae 2647: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2600:invertebrates 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2584: 2583:scala naturae 2579: 2575: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2548:Scala naturae 2539: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2507: 2505: 2501: 2493: 2489: 2484: 2475: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2437: 2433: 2432:ovoviviparous 2430:, and of the 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2383: 2382: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2352: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2328: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2309:anathymiaseis 2306: 2302: 2298: 2297:Meteorologica 2294: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2275:Charles Lyell 2272: 2268: 2260: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2236: 2234: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2215: 2205: 2203: 2197: 2187: 2184: 2180: 2179: 2174: 2170: 2164: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2136: 2132: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2108: 2107: 2105: 2097: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2061: 2059: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2046:Carlo Rovelli 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2022: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2009: 1986: 1983: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1965: 1964: 1963: 1962: 1961: 1959: 1950: 1949: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1899: 1898: 1897: 1896: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1879: 1865: 1862: 1857: 1854: 1849: 1847: 1846: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1820: 1819: 1815: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1788: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1766: 1765: 1761: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1733: 1730: 1724: 1721: 1712: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1660: 1653: 1646:Five elements 1642: 1634: 1630: 1625: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1595: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1565: 1563: 1558: 1552: 1550: 1549:to hou heneka 1544: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1519: 1510: 1505: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1482: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1470: 1459: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1401: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1347: 1336: 1334: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1311: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1281: 1277: 1268: 1265: 1256: 1255: 1252:In equations 1251: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1239: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1222:stricto sensu 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1183: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1174: 1173: 1169: 1167: 1166: 1162: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1146: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1123: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1098: 1093: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1076: 1069: 1063: 1048: 1046: 1042: 1039:as his chief 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1007: 1002: 1001: 996: 995: 990: 989: 984: 983: 978: 969: 965: 961: 957: 956:Portrait bust 953: 949: 947: 943: 942: 937: 936: 931: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 895: 890: 886: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 856: 852: 848: 843: 839: 831: 827: 822: 818: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 787: 779: 777: 776:virtue ethics 773: 769: 765: 764:Peter Abelard 761: 757: 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 697: 695: 690: 688: 685: 681: 677: 672: 347 BC 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 641: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 584: 583:Ancient Greek 580: 571: 567: 558: 552: 549: 547: 543: 539: 535: 534:Three appeals 532: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 495: 492: 490: 487: 485: 482: 480: 477: 475: 471: 468: 466: 463: 459: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 441: 431: 428: 426: 422: 419: 417: 416: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 395: 392: 390: 387: 386: 376: 375:Unmoved mover 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 352: 348: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 325: 322: 321: 314: 311: 308:Notable ideas 305: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 284: 281: 279: 276: 274: 271: 269: 266: 265: 263: 257: 254: 250: 246: 243: 239: 233: 230: 229: 227: 225: 221: 218: 215: 211: 208: 205: 201: 197: 191: 190: 186: 184: 183: 179: 177: 176: 172: 170: 169: 165: 163: 162: 158: 156: 155: 151: 149: 148: 144: 143: 141: 135: 132: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 105: 101: 97: 93: 87: 83: 77: 330 BC 71: 67: 61: 56: 47: 40: 37: 33: 19: 25774:Dionysopolis 25744:Abonoteichos 25696:Pantikapaion 25286:Hybla Heraea 24622:Architecture 24578:Prostitution 24267:Aristophanes 24153: 24126:Philosophers 24096:Philosophers 23928:Spartan army 23659:(280–146 BC) 23647:(338–322 BC) 23641:(370–168 BC) 23629:(374–196 BC) 23623:(378–355 BC) 23605:(430–348 BC) 23599:(478–404 BC) 23593:(499–449 BC) 23280:Peloponnesus 23202:Roman Greece 23045:André Breton 23020:M. H. Abrams 23015:Peter Szondi 23010:Paul Ricoeur 23000:Hayden White 22937:Stanley Fish 22927:Harold Bloom 22877:Noam Chomsky 22832:Ronald Crane 22738:Leon Trotsky 22643:Walter Pater 22473:Edward Young 22458:Edmund Burke 22348:Rajashekhara 22343:Bharata Muni 22292: 22263:Thing theory 22228:Postcritique 22203:Geocriticism 22188:Ecocriticism 22079: 21978:Elite theory 21926: 21916: 21906: 21896: 21886: 21876: 21866: 21856: 21846: 21836: 21826: 21816: 21806: 21796: 21786: 21776: 21766: 21756: 21746: 21736: 21726: 21716: 21015:Guicciardini 20971:Early modern 20808: 20794:Philosophers 20744:Open society 20680:Body politic 20550:Distributism 20540:Conservatism 20535:Confucianism 20454:Gerontocracy 20444:Dictatorship 20398:Sovereignty‎ 20388:Ruling class 20278:Emancipation 20263:Citizenship‎ 20148:Usul al-Fiqh 20146: 20129: 20125:Legal system 20102: 20095: 19993:Law's Empire 19991: 19981: 19971: 19961: 19951: 19941: 19931: 19921: 19613: 19596:Philosophers 19538:Legal theory 19378: 19368: 19358: 19348: 19338: 19328: 19318: 19308: 19288: 19278: 19268: 19258: 19248: 19230: 19171:Metalanguage 19166:Logical form 19121:Truth-bearer 19080:Unilalianism 18990:Expressivism 18817:Wittgenstein 18762:von Humboldt 18706: 18679:Philosophers 18564: 18554: 18542: 18532: 18520: 18517:Hugh B. Cott 18508: 18493:20th century 18482: 18470: 18460: 18403: 18386: 18374: 18362: 18345: 18333: 18323:19th century 18310: 18298: 18286: 18269: 18257: 18249:James Hutton 18239:Joseph Banks 18225: 18185:Micrographia 18183: 18180:Robert Hooke 18160: 18150: 18146: 18129: 18094: 18064: 18052: 18042: 18030: 18027:Theophrastus 18018: 18014: 17925: 17881:Human rights 17824:After Virtue 17550:Schopenhauer 17479: 17324:Moral agency 17197:Common sense 17093:Universalism 17061:Expressivism 17041:Intuitionism 17012:Subjectivism 16957:Terraforming 16932:Professional 16659:Epistemology 16627: 16617: 16607: 16597: 16587: 16577: 16567: 16557: 16547: 16537: 16527: 16517: 16507: 16497: 16487: 16477: 16469:Nyāya Sūtras 16467: 16457: 16447: 16429: 16345:Wittgenstein 16290:Schopenhauer 16199: 16169: 16160:Unobservable 16010:Intelligence 15940: 15880:Subjectivism 15875:Spiritualism 15790:Essentialism 15770:Anti-realism 15573:Theophrastus 15562: 15549:philosophers 15441:Neoplatonism 15167:Theophrastus 15025:Protrepticus 14918:and politics 14729: 14716: 14712:hypokeimenon 14710: 14694: 14677: 14660: 14653: 14641: 14637:Hylomorphism 14629: 14607: 14586: 14574: 14567: 14536: 14481: 14466: 14435:Open Library 14362: 14336: 14145:Online books 14139:By Aristotle 14138: 14121:Online books 14111: 14087: 14078: 14054: 14044: 14040: 14033: 14025: 14013: 14005: 13997: 13967: 13958: 13954: 13945: 13929: 13926: 13922: 13912: 13911:The Politics 13908: 13901: 13894: 13886: 13866: 13855: 13832: 13809: 13790: 13777: 13769: 13753: 13742: 13731: 13716: 13696: 13685: 13653: 13649: 13640: 13632: 13628: 13619: 13611: 13595: 13582: 13563: 13557:. Macmillan. 13553: 13540: 13532: 13522: 13507: 13489: 13469:. Retrieved 13460: 13435: 13406: 13390:. Retrieved 13386:the original 13372: 13333: 13324: 13317:. Retrieved 13313: 13297:. Retrieved 13281:. Retrieved 13277:the original 13272: 13253:. Retrieved 13249: 13217: 13213: 13194: 13182: 13178: 13166:. Retrieved 13160: 13148: 13123: 13112: 13088: 13067: 13046: 13013:(1): 23–40. 13010: 13006: 12983: 12979: 12964: 12944: 12931:. Retrieved 12905:. Retrieved 12900: 12881:. Sterling. 12877: 12864:. Retrieved 12840: 12799: 12795: 12776: 12765: 12761: 12741: 12737: 12718: 12695: 12675: 12651: 12618: 12598: 12595:Magee, Bryan 12584: 12541: 12537: 12515: 12499:. Retrieved 12472: 12450: 12424: 12400: 12378: 12362:. Retrieved 12331: 12319:. Retrieved 12315:the original 12310: 12295: 12276: 12249: 12238: 12218:. Retrieved 12214: 12191: 12164: 12144: 12126: 12104: 12092:. 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S. Eliot 22708:T. E. Hulme 22683:Umberto Eco 22668:Leo Tolstoy 22658:Oscar Wilde 22438:John Dennis 22423:John Dryden 21852:(1835–1840) 21732:(c. 350 BC) 21722:(c. 375 BC) 21339:Tocqueville 21304:Saint-Simon 21269:Montesquieu 21120:Bolingbroke 21052:Machiavelli 20932:Ibn Khaldun 20897:Alpharabius 20890:Middle Ages 20715:Natural law 20690:Common good 20615:Nationalism 20575:Imperialism 20545:Corporatism 20520:Colonialism 20500:Agrarianism 20479:Technocracy 20459:Meritocracy 20439:Bureaucracy 20429:Aristocracy 20070:Paternalism 20065:Natural law 19927:(c. 355 BC) 19774:Montesquieu 19566:Legal norms 19415:Linguistics 19380:Limited Inc 19300:On Denoting 19126:Proposition 18777:de Saussure 18742:Ibn Khaldun 18565:Shearwaters 18422:Mary Anning 18207:Hans Sloane 18157:John Gerard 18151:New Herball 18078:Renaissance 18061:Dioscorides 17997:naturalists 17699:(c. 322 BC) 17565:Kierkegaard 17384:Stewardship 17161:Rousseauian 17078:Rationalism 16990:Cognitivism 16937:Programming 16912:Meat eating 16885:Engineering 16489:Metaphysics 16473:(c. 200 BC) 16463:(c. 350 BC) 16453:(c. 350 BC) 16340:Collingwood 16245:Malebranche 15993:Information 15921:Anima mundi 15900:Type theory 15855:Physicalism 15820:Materialism 15775:Determinism 15746:Metaphysics 15598:Dicaearchus 15593:Praxiphanes 15578:Aristoxenus 15546:Peripatetic 15317:Duns Scotus 15157:Dicaearchus 15147:Aristoxenus 14906:Metaphysics 14899:Metaphysics 14885:Progression 14852:On the Soul 14847:Meteorology 14649:Magnanimity 14615:Four causes 14294:Metaphysics 14289:Mathematics 14213:Metaphysics 13164:. 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Longman. 11828:Hall, Edith 11599:(2): 1–27. 11381:14 November 11082:Metaphysics 10974:Aristotle. 10961:Aristotle. 10940:Aristotle. 10919:Aristotle. 10898:Aristotle. 10877:Aristotle. 10864:Aristotle. 10843:Aristotle. 10822:Aristotle. 10633:: 118–129. 10556:Aristoteles 10508:Phelan 2002 10380:Barnes 1995 10344:Cicero 1874 10308:Barnes 1995 10269:Barnes 1995 10135:(18): 1–6. 10108:19 November 9955:Aristotle. 9940:Darwin 1872 9647:Staley 1989 9399:Hooker 1831 9237:Barnes 1982 9206:Durant 2006 8862:Garver 1994 8715:Modrak 2009 8620:Warren 1921 8608:Warren 1921 8584:Warren 1921 8572:Warren 1921 8487:On the Soul 8441:On the Soul 8364:(1): 1–16. 8221:(1): 4–17. 8132:Rhodes 1974 8084:Taylor 1922 8021:Taylor 1922 7997:Sedley 2007 7783:Meteorology 7759:Meteorology 7747:Meteorology 7735:Miller 1973 7548:Allain 2016 7499:Metaphysics 7487:Metaphysics 7463:Metaphysics 7286:Degnan 1994 7236:Düring 1957 6903:Aristotle: 6803:ice skating 6704:Düring 1957 6671:-ih-stot-əl 6572:Aristoteles 6563:Meteorology 6506:, 1437–1439 6442: [ 6283: 1476 6132:Attalus III 5800:Renaissance 5759: 1100 5706:Alpharabius 5686: 1220 5502:Hephaestion 5486:Dicaearchus 5482:Aristoxenus 5456:pericarpion 5368:Bryan Magee 5347:, rejected 5224:epic poetry 5104:Wooden iron 5064:Rhetrickery 5039:Oral skills 4975:Composition 4910:Contrastive 4730:(c. 350 BC) 4720:(c. 350 BC) 4710:(c. 350 BC) 4700:(c. 350 BC) 4690:(c. 370 BC) 4550:Demosthenes 4530:Brueggemann 4465:Ideological 4316:Homiletics‎ 4229:Declamation 4219:Apologetics 4069:Five canons 3937:Renaissance 3920:Middle Ages 3731:Aristotle. 3541:Callousness 3525:Buffoonery 3519:Boorishness 3467:Good temper 3307:On the Soul 3290:On the Soul 3252:On the Soul 3229:On the Soul 3019:Cephalopods 2984:Crustaceans 2905:Egg-laying 2681:Vegetative) 2596:vertebrates 2436:hound shark 2412:cephalopods 2305:earthquakes 2142:final cause 2096:final cause 2080:four causes 2070:Four causes 2064:Four causes 1613:Metaphysics 1557:final cause 1524:entelecheia 1441:particulars 1388:differentia 1368:Metaphysics 1326:(1026a16): 1324:Metaphysics 1316:Metaphysics 1304:Metaphysics 1202:Categories, 1006:On the Soul 988:Metaphysics 717:Renaissance 651:during the 602:linguistics 586:philosopher 579:Aristotélēs 575:Ἀριστοτέλης 494:Magnanimity 484:Golden mean 333:Four causes 278:Metaphysics 253:Aristoxenus 161:Metaphysics 51:Ἀριστοτέλης 26419:Zoologists 26118:Categories 26072:Literature 26060:Philosophy 26048:Psychology 25824:Polemonion 25701:Phanagoria 25671:Kimmerikon 25666:Kerkinitis 25651:Hermonassa 25641:Dioscurias 25537:Aspalathos 25484:Kalathousa 25459:Akra Leuke 25388:Phoenicusa 25173:Scylletium 25158:Poseidonia 25078:Brentesion 24965:Pamphylian 24960:Macedonian 24878:Samothrace 24863:Hephaestus 24810:Long Walls 24789:Structures 24730:Underworld 24676:Technology 24639:Literature 24573:Philosophy 24538:Euergetism 24427:By culture 24372:Thucydides 24214:Pythagoras 24209:Protagoras 24199:Parmenides 24184:Heraclitus 24169:Empedocles 24159:Democritus 24144:Anaximenes 24134:Anaxagoras 24086:Historians 23579: 595 23566: 550 23547: 800 23532: – c. 23460:Cappadocia 23265:Ionian Sea 23255:Hellespont 23220:Aegean Sea 22648:Émile Zola 22543:John Keats 22463:David Hume 22433:John Locke 22060:Separatism 21868:On Liberty 21768:The Prince 21497:Huntington 21000:Campanella 20927:al-Ghazali 20876:Thucydides 20834:Lactantius 20779:Statolatry 20605:Monarchism 20585:Liberalism 20510:Capitalism 20493:Ideologies 20474:Plutocracy 20422:Government 20378:Revolution 20363:Propaganda 20313:Legitimacy 20288:Government 20177:Law portal 19804:Petrażycki 19794:Pashukanis 19789:Olivecrona 19724:Hägerström 19639:Blackstone 19475:Discussion 19470:Task Force 19420:Pragmatics 19211:Speech act 19141:Categories 19055:Symbiosism 19010:Nominalism 18922:Watzlawick 18802:Bloomfield 18722:Chrysippus 17995:Pioneering 17595:Bonhoeffer 17304:Immorality 17247:Eudaimonia 17207:Conscience 17202:Compassion 17088:Skepticism 17083:Relativism 17000:Naturalism 16980:Absolutism 16952:Technology 16802:Deontology 16549:Monadology 16483:(c. 80 BC) 16190:Parmenides 16075:Perception 15973:Experience 15860:Relativism 15835:Naturalism 15785:Enactivism 15699:Themistius 15603:Nicomachus 15583:Chamaeleon 15399:Hursthouse 15273:Maimonides 15239:Avicennism 14890:Generation 14862:On Animals 14789:Categories 14609:Eudaimonia 14469:in Greek ( 14461:P. Remacle 14314:Psychology 14169:PhilPapers 14008:. Hackett. 13961:: 125–150. 13867:Aristotele 13168:30 January 12907:31 January 12787:1024467091 12768:: 169–181. 11966:(4): 3–11. 11219:. Norton. 10976:"Rhetoric" 10952:30 January 10942:"Politics" 10931:30 January 10910:31 January 10889:30 January 10855:30 January 10834:30 January 10754:31 January 10532:Jones 2002 10320:House 1956 10164:Leroi 2015 10089:Leroi 2015 10005:Leroi 2015 9942:, p. 9858:Boole 2003 9785:Britannica 9683:Hasse 2014 9519:27 January 9459:Mason 1979 9447:Annas 2001 9423:Mason 1979 9320:Explorable 9252:Leroi 2015 9182:Magee 2010 9133:Leroi 2015 9003:Aesop 1998 8874:Rorty 1996 8739:Kraut 2001 8700:Shute 1941 8676:Shute 1941 8560:Bloch 2007 8536:Bloch 2007 8524:Bloch 2007 8495:The Prince 8417:Mason 1979 8405:Leroi 2015 8393:Mason 1979 8168:Leroi 2015 8108:Leroi 2015 8096:Leroi 2015 8072:Leroi 2015 8057:Leroi 2015 8045:Leroi 2011 8033:Leroi 2015 8009:Leroi 2015 7985:Leroi 2015 7973:Leroi 2015 7961:Leroi 2015 7949:Leroi 2015 7937:Leroi 2015 7913:Leroi 2015 7863:Leroi 2015 7851:Leroi 2015 7836:22 January 7795:Lyell 1832 7771:Moore 1956 7699:Leroi 2015 7672:Lloyd 1996 7651:Leroi 2015 7533:Lloyd 1968 7475:Lloyd 1968 7439:Cohen 2000 7387:Smith 2017 7274:Haase 1992 7259:21 January 7224:Gigon 2017 7212:Jones 1980 7188:Green 1991 7157:Smith 2007 7145:Green 1991 7086:Evans 2006 7074:Blits 1999 7037:1031145493 6683:pronounced 6616:References 6568:Antarctica 6558:Antarctica 6454:Sculptures 5947:Empedocles 5786:Scholastic 5784:After the 5618:See also: 5584:Ernst Mayr 5539:under the 5537:Alexandria 5510:Nicomachus 5264:(1784) by 5201:paradeigma 5194:(proof by 5174:epideictic 4960:Technology 4950:Procedural 4770:(c. 50 BC) 4756:De Oratore 4620:Quintilian 4615:Protagoras 4470:Metaphoric 4394:Propaganda 4277:Epideictic 4191:Sotto voce 4145:Persuasion 4140:Operations 4082:Dispositio 3978:Chironomia 3619:eudaimonia 3566:Liberality 3558:Vulgarity 3555:Generosity 3448:Vainglory 3442:Humbleness 3431:Too little 3358:contiguity 3350:contiguity 3273:(reason). 3247:psychology 3218:Psychology 2945:selachians 2943:placental 2916:parrotfish 2679:Sensitive, 2677:(Rational, 2632:gastropods 2588:live birth 2488:brood size 2321:Democritus 2317:Empedocles 2313:Anaxagoras 2279:Nile delta 2267:geological 2224:Democritus 2150:adaptation 2015:Archimedes 1852:substance) 1664:Empedocles 1633:Empedocles 1417:universals 1376:substratum 1320:theoretikē 1298:dialectics 1158:Categories 1062:Term logic 930:Nicomachus 859:Asia Minor 851:Xenocrates 847:Speusippus 803:Nicomachus 795:Chalcidice 772:his ethics 745:scholastic 657:Nicomachus 614:psychology 598:philosophy 474:Paradeigma 458:epideictic 26234:Aphorists 26124:Aristotle 26084:Biography 25910:in Epirus 25859:Trapezous 25804:Mesambria 25789:Eupatoria 25759:Apollonia 25754:Anchialos 25716:Theodosia 25686:Nymphaion 25676:Myrmekion 25646:Gorgippia 25602:Black Sea 25587:Tragurion 25572:Nymphaion 25557:Epidauros 25552:Epidamnos 25542:Apollonia 25519:Zacynthos 25441:Ptolemais 25435:Apollonia 25408:Cyrenaica 25398:Therassía 25393:Strongyle 25373:Ereikousa 25296:Leontinoi 25236:Apollonia 25113:Hipponion 24910:Mycenaean 24873:Parthenon 24805:Lion Gate 24708:Mythology 24671:Sculpture 24634:Astronomy 24568:Pederasty 24543:Festivals 24528:Education 24408:Lawgivers 24377:Timocreon 24357:Sophocles 24352:Simonides 24327:Philocles 24322:Panyassis 24317:Mimnermus 24282:Herodotus 24277:Euripides 24247:Aeschylus 24194:Leucippus 24154:Aristotle 23933:Strategos 23799:Synedrion 23753:Ostracism 23733:Areopagus 23685:Free city 23480:Macedonia 23364:Byzantion 23270:Macedonia 23235:Cyrenaica 23212:Geography 23146:Geography 22733:Carl Jung 22628:Karl Marx 22333:Boccaccio 22293:Aristotle 22198:Formalism 21778:Leviathan 21758:Monarchia 21752:(c. 1274) 21587:Oakeshott 21532:Mansfield 21527:Luxemburg 21512:Kropotkin 21407:Bernstein 21360:centuries 21274:Nietzsche 21217:Jefferson 21145:Condorcet 21093:centuries 21072:Pufendorf 20937:Marsilius 20824:Confucius 20809:Aristotle 20802:Antiquity 20730:Noble lie 20650:Third Way 20645:Socialism 20570:Feudalism 20525:Communism 20505:Anarchism 20484:Theocracy 20469:Oligarchy 20449:Democracy 20434:Autocracy 20348:Pluralism 20333:Obedience 20298:Hierarchy 20258:Authority 19937:(c. 1270) 19819:Pufendorf 19754:Llewellyn 19614:Aristotle 19452:Semiotics 19440:Semantics 19290:Alciphron 19226:Statement 19161:Intension 19101:Ambiguity 18980:Dramatism 18960:Cratylism 18712:Eubulides 18707:Aristotle 18687:Confucius 18015:Aristotle 18007:antiquity 18005:Classical 17856:Casuistry 17768:Either/Or 17675:Korsgaard 17670:Azurmendi 17635:MacIntyre 17575:Nietzsche 17505:Augustine 17500:Confucius 17480:Aristotle 17456:Ethicists 17414:Intrinsic 17379:Suffering 17289:Happiness 17262:Free will 17242:Etiquette 17187:Authority 17131:Epicurean 17126:Confucian 17121:Christian 17056:Emotivism 16880:Discourse 16817:Pragmatic 16789:Normative 16709:Teleology 16674:Mereology 16654:Cosmology 16513:(c. 1000) 16410:Plantinga 16400:Armstrong 16350:Heidegger 16325:Whitehead 16310:Nietzsche 16230:Descartes 16200:Aristotle 16155:Universal 16085:Principle 16055:Necessity 16015:Intention 15968:Existence 15931:Causality 15870:Solipsism 15800:Free will 15664:Cratippus 15657:Roman era 15643:Critolaus 15618:Clearchus 15563:Aristotle 15556:Greek era 15434:Platonism 15389:MacIntyre 15251:Averroism 15229:Al-Farabi 15187:Critolaus 15131:Followers 15108:Economics 15088:Mechanics 15053:On Plants 15048:On Colors 15043:On Breath 14994:On Dreams 14984:On Memory 14747:Haecceity 14725:Syllogism 14696:Phronesis 14588:Catharsis 14537:Aristotle 14269:Causality 14243:From the 14165:Aristotle 14112:Aristotle 14026:Aristotle 13743:Aristotle 13697:Aristotle 13360:216190330 13283:3 January 13184:occurs... 13132:936606202 13020:1312.4057 12945:Evolution 12638:924760574 12525:609586345 12495:Sotheby's 11621:143750010 11613:1527-2001 11547:(2006) . 11439:9 January 11400:CiteSeerX 11306:(2003) . 11275:. BRILL. 11216:Evolution 11134:611422373 10921:"Poetics" 10900:"Physics" 10520:Held 1969 10151:1936-6434 9957:"Physics" 9927:680621287 9894:314379168 9834:Aird 2011 9719:Lagerlund 9707:Kuhn 2018 9671:Nasr 1996 9471:Mayr 1985 9411:Mayr 1982 9306:0065-8995 9112:Big Think 9025:0027-8378 8727:Webb 1990 8445:Rhizomata 8380:245863171 8323:0391-9714 8284:1875-9866 8245:210140121 8237:2308-0914 8144:Mayr 1982 7310:Kant 1787 7050:Hall 2018 6952:Citations 6913:W.D. Ross 6419:Aristotle 6400:Aristotle 6385:Rembrandt 6358:Aristotle 6316:Aristotle 6272:Aristotle 6234:Aristotle 6203:, in the 6188:Rembrandt 6162:Paintings 6136:Apellicon 6005:mechanism 6001:phylogeny 5604:Al-Farabi 5576:teleology 5568:Lucretius 5541:Ptolemies 5301:catharsis 5282:Sophocles 5268:. In his 5196:syllogism 5191:enthymeme 5074:Seduction 4905:Cognitive 4893:Subfields 4820:(100–400) 4575:Isocrates 4515:Augustine 4505:Aristotle 4480:Narrative 4430:Criticism 4375:Philippic 4289:Panegyric 4272:Elocution 4253:Dialectic 4173:Situation 4034:Facilitas 4028:Enthymeme 4007:Eloquence 3989:Delectare 3741:Economics 3718:Statesman 3638:phronesis 3552:Pettiness 3511:Sincerity 3492:Rashness 3486:Cowardice 3437:Too much 3416:economics 3392:phantasia 3342:sensorium 3035:tentacles 3000:many legs 2848:crocodile 2844:Chameleon 2829:, except 2805:Bee-eater 2766:Cetaceans 2684:Qualities 2562:a dogfish 2536:fecundity 2492:gestation 2455:evolution 2428:ruminants 2228:Milky Way 2220:astronomy 2208:Astronomy 1987:ρ 1729:of matter 1627:The four 1586:deduction 1582:induction 1449:phenomena 1429:universal 1415:exist as 1380:potential 1352:substance 1340:Substance 1292:with its 1210:Analytics 1072:With the 1037:Antipater 932:. If the 926:Herpyllis 910:Cassander 883:Alexander 715:into the 606:economics 566:Aristotle 525:phronesis 470:Enthymeme 449:Catharsis 409:Five wits 347:substance 328:syllogism 127:Education 43:Aristotle 25959:Category 25937:Theatres 25864:Tripolis 25799:Kerasous 25794:Heraclea 25726:Tyritake 25681:Nikonion 25592:Thronion 25514:Salauris 25469:Emporion 25426:Berenice 25416:Balagrae 25368:Euonymos 25341:Tyndaris 25326:Syracuse 25321:Selinous 25291:Kamarina 25246:Casmenae 25231:Akrillai 25148:Neápolis 25083:Caulonia 25064:Mainland 24995:Linear B 24990:Linear A 24920:Dialects 24897:Language 24691:Religion 24649:Medicine 24583:Religion 24548:Folklore 24533:Emporium 24508:Clothing 24503:Calendar 24387:Xenophon 24382:Tyrtaeus 24367:Theognis 24342:Polybius 24337:Plutarch 24312:Menander 24292:Hipponax 24219:Socrates 24174:Epicurus 24020:Diadochi 23918:Sciritae 23878:Hetairoi 23853:Ballista 23818:Military 23781:Gerousia 23771:Ekklesia 23738:Ecclesia 23720:Athenian 23668:Politics 23581:–279 BC) 23568:–366 BC) 23549:–389 BC) 23485:Pergamon 23455:Bithynia 23448:Kingdoms 23389:Pergamon 23331:Military 23326:Politics 23123:Timeline 23050:Mina Loy 22318:Boethius 22308:Plotinus 22303:Longinus 22033:Centrism 21728:Politics 21718:Republic 21687:Voegelin 21667:Spengler 21652:Shariati 21627:Rothbard 21582:Nussbaum 21482:Habermas 21457:Fukuyama 21447:Foucault 21372:Ambedkar 21349:Voltaire 21319:de Staël 21294:Rousseau 21175:Franklin 21150:Constant 21110:Beccaria 20942:Muhammad 20922:Gelasius 20907:Averroes 20881:Xenophon 20861:Polybius 20814:Chanakya 20659:Concepts 20625:Populism 20595:Localism 20580:Islamism 20565:Feminism 20464:Monarchy 20368:Property 20358:Progress 20323:Monopoly 20293:Hegemony 20167:Category 20089:Concepts 20055:Legalism 20007:Theories 19894:Voegelin 19864:Scaevola 19824:Radbruch 19799:Perelman 19784:Nussbaum 19729:Jellinek 19694:Habermas 19689:Gurvitch 19659:Durkheim 19629:Beccaria 19465:Category 19425:Rhetoric 19250:Cratylus 19221:Sentence 19196:Property 19116:Language 19094:Concepts 18932:Theories 18897:Strawson 18882:Davidson 18872:Hintikka 18867:Anscombe 18812:Vygotsky 18767:Mauthner 18737:Averroes 18727:Zhuangzi 18717:Diodorus 18697:Cratylus 18442:Asa Gray 18254:John Ray 17946:Category 17886:Ideology 17851:Axiology 17680:Nussbaum 17630:Frankena 17625:Anscombe 17615:Williams 17570:Sidgwick 17490:Valluvar 17485:Diogenes 17470:Socrates 17394:Theodicy 17389:Sympathy 17354:Pacifism 17344:Morality 17257:Fidelity 17237:Equality 17192:Autonomy 17180:Concepts 17141:Feminist 17116:Buddhist 17046:Nihilism 16985:Axiology 16942:Research 16875:Computer 16870:Business 16727:Category 16649:Axiology 16503:(c. 270) 16431:more ... 16385:Anscombe 16380:Strawson 16375:Davidson 16270:Berkeley 16210:Plotinus 16171:more ... 16110:Relation 16090:Property 16065:Ontology 15988:Identity 15909:Concepts 15840:Nihilism 15805:Idealism 15753:Theories 15689:Adrastus 15684:Aspasius 15588:Phaenias 15479:Category 15404:Nussbaum 15374:Brentano 15246:Averroes 15234:Avicenna 15224:Al-Kindi 15197:Erymneus 15093:Problems 14989:On Sleep 14956:Rhetoric 14935:Politics 14880:Movement 14742:Quiddity 14603:accident 14530:Overview 14474:Archived 14420:LibriVox 14355:(1925). 14319:Rhetoric 14228:Politics 14077:(1974). 14041:Politics 14024:(1995). 13925:VII. 3: 13865:(2003). 13830:(1988). 13758:Archived 13752:(2012). 13741:(1923). 13631:(1979). 13551:(1978). 13531:(1997). 13465:Archived 13426:21010604 13404:(1921). 13392:19 March 13382:39273217 13319:29 March 13299:22 March 13267:(1922). 13193:(1990). 13037:44193681 12982:Rhetoric 12933:29 March 12924:Archived 12866:23 March 12824:11615776 12674:(1985). 12648:(1982). 12597:(2010). 12568:21690126 12513:(1832). 12501:23 March 12376:(2015). 12321:26 April 12220:19 March 12125:(1787). 12094:23 March 12011:17317293 11999:(1831). 11928:(1969). 11856:(2002). 11830:(2018). 11743:Rhetoric 11475:23669575 11398:: 1–20. 11262:10321433 11166:(1995). 11144:(1982). 11115:23 March 11061:Politics 10813:26 April 10807:Archived 10789:20 March 10773:19 March 10725:(2013). 10657:12092592 10649:21781247 10600:(1998). 10455:Porphyry 10405:Plutarch 10228:10332750 9963:23 April 9734:", pg. 4 9069:Rhetoric 8775:Politics 8512:Elenchos 8339:19203017 8331:23334371 8292:55152069 7925:Day 2013 6870:Politics 6834:De Caelo 6752:mnemonic 6594:See also 6584:asteroid 6524:Hawarden 6469:Lysippos 6337:Campaspe 6108:Plutarch 6088:esoteric 6084:exoteric 6013:homology 6009:ontogeny 5997:function 5932:validity 5767:Boethius 5765:made by 5745:medieval 5714:Alkindus 5702:Avicenna 5698:Averroes 5608:Ibn Sina 5566:such as 5564:atomists 5556:arteries 5498:Harpalus 5452:pericarp 5345:Xenophon 5341:Rhetoric 5333:misogyny 5290:(fault). 5287:hamartia 5178:forensic 5152:Rhetoric 4945:Pedagogy 4925:Feminist 4696:Rhetoric 4686:Phaedrus 4680:(380 BC) 4630:Richards 4600:Perelman 4448:Pentadic 4443:Dramatic 4387:Suasoria 4365:Diatribe 4306:Forensic 4283:Encomium 4248:Demagogy 4117:Imitatio 4089:Elocutio 4075:Inventio 4045:Informal 3964:Concepts 3891:Sophists 3886:Calliope 3876:Atticism 3871:Asianism 3839:Rhetoric 3831:a series 3829:Part of 3822:Rhetoric 3807:interest 3788:Politics 3763:property 3758:Politics 3733:Politics 3729:— 3687:koinōnia 3664:Politics 3651:Politics 3563:Meanness 3536:Shyness 3478:Civility 3475:Rudeness 3420:rhetoric 3412:politics 3388:De Anima 3311:phantasm 3283:Alcmaeon 3189:Minerals 2976:placenta 2912:Sea bass 2809:nightjar 2664:Examples 2636:placenta 2628:bivalves 2624:molluscs 2612:reptiles 2566:yolk sac 2528:Lifespan 2512:genomics 2408:frogfish 2183:aperture 2178:Problems 2171:using a 2028:period. 1892:friction 1858:Circular 1591:a priori 1537:paschein 1437:katholou 1433:ontology 1244:In words 1226:Rhetoric 1041:executor 1000:Politics 977:treatise 968:Lysippos 966:made by 941:erômenos 743:and the 711:and the 618:the arts 610:politics 590:polymath 517:episteme 465:rhetoric 462:forensic 355:accident 293:Rhetoric 288:Politics 182:Rhetoric 175:Politics 70:Lysippos 18:Aristote 26024:Biology 26012:Physics 25998:Portals 25979:Outline 25932:Temples 25869:Zaliche 25849:Thèrmae 25839:Sesamus 25809:Odessos 25784:Cytorus 25779:Cotyora 25529:Illyria 25494:Mainake 25489:Kypsela 25378:Hycesia 25336:Thermae 25316:Segesta 25306:Messana 25261:Helorus 25241:Calacte 25221:Akragas 25183:Sybaris 25168:Rhegion 25123:Krimisa 25073:Alision 24982:Writing 24955:Locrian 24945:Epirote 24915:Homeric 24848:Artemis 24835:Temples 24776:Olympia 24746:Eleusis 24681:Theatre 24666:Pottery 24593:Warfare 24588:Slavery 24523:Economy 24518:Cuisine 24513:Coinage 24490:Society 24475:Culture 24470:Society 24418:Tyrants 24257:Alcaeus 24239:Authors 24189:Hypatia 24179:Gorgias 24116:Writers 23938:Toxotai 23908:Sarissa 23898:Peltast 23893:Phalanx 23873:Hoplite 23868:Hippeis 23791:Macedon 23763:Spartan 23748:Heliaia 23695:Proxeny 23404:Larissa 23399:Kerkyra 23394:Eretria 23384:Miletus 23379:Ephesus 23374:Corinth 23369:Chalcis 23290:Taurica 23160:Periods 23141:History 23065:Hu Shih 22373:Liu Xie 22353:Valmiki 22323:Aquinas 22070:Statism 21983:Elitism 21941:Related 21742:(51 BC) 21672:Strauss 21647:Scruton 21642:Schmitt 21632:Russell 21552:Michels 21547:Maurras 21542:Marcuse 21502:Kautsky 21472:Gramsci 21467:Gentile 21437:Dworkin 21427:Du Bois 21422:Dmowski 21417:Chomsky 21412:Burnham 21397:Benoist 21367:Agamben 21334:Thoreau 21324:Stirner 21314:Spencer 21259:Mazzini 21249:Maistre 21244:Madison 21239:Le Play 21170:Fourier 21135:Carlyle 21115:Bentham 21105:Bastiat 21100:Bakunin 21077:Spinoza 21067:Müntzer 21037:Leibniz 21010:Grotius 20990:Bossuet 20957:Plethon 20902:Aquinas 20871:Sun Tzu 20839:Mencius 20829:Han Fei 20600:Marxism 20560:Fascism 20393:Society 20318:Liberty 20303:Justice 20283:Freedom 20202:changes 20115:Justice 19869:Schmitt 19859:Savigny 19839:Reinach 19764:Maistre 19759:Luhmann 19734:Jhering 19684:Grotius 19669:Ehrlich 19664:Dworkin 19654:Cardozo 19634:Bentham 19624:Bastiat 19609:Aquinas 19232:more... 19136:Concept 18877:Dummett 18852:Gadamer 18847:Chomsky 18832:Derrida 18822:Russell 18807:Bergson 18792:Tillich 18752:Leibniz 18692:Gorgias 17844:Related 17590:Tillich 17555:Bentham 17530:Spinoza 17525:Aquinas 17510:Mencius 17424:Western 17399:Torture 17364:Precept 17319:Loyalty 17314:Liberty 17309:Justice 17222:Dignity 17212:Consent 17156:Kantian 17146:Islamic 17109:Schools 16995:Realism 16927:Nursing 16922:Medical 16907:Machine 16847:Applied 16499:Enneads 16493:(c. 50) 16459:Timaeus 16449:Sophist 16395:Dummett 16390:Deleuze 16330:Russell 16320:Bergson 16315:Meinong 16295:Bolzano 16255:Leibniz 16235:Spinoza 16220:Aquinas 16205:Proclus 16135:Thought 16125:Subject 16105:Reality 16100:Quality 16070:Pattern 16030:Meaning 16005:Insight 15963:Essence 15948:Concept 15850:Realism 15815:Liberty 15780:Dualism 15638:Satyrus 15568:Eudemus 15322:Scotism 15310:Thomism 14961:Poetics 14870:History 14832:Physics 14824:Physics 14781:Organon 14709: ( 14655:Mimesis 14599:Essence 14451:At the 14409:at the 14264:Biology 14237:At the 14223:Poetics 14198:Biology 14182:At the 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4520:Bakhtin 4510:Aspasia 4475:Mimesis 4438:Cluster 4370:Eristic 4360:Polemic 4355:Oratory 4333:Lecture 4096:Memoria 4040:Fallacy 3983:Decorum 3930:Trivium 3858:History 3779:utility 3533:Modesty 3508:Sarcasm 3489:Courage 3315:stimuli 3294:Timaeus 3196:without 3168:without 3133:without 3125:Sponges 3099:without 3066:without 3032:without 3028:octopus 2997:without 2771:Dolphin 2720:R, S, V 2620:shelled 2604:mammals 2574:animals 2472:extinct 2416:octopus 2400:catfish 2351:octopus 2349:of the 2331:Biology 2301:meteors 2038:Galileo 1958:Physics 1956:In the 1948:Physics 1884:Physics 1850:(divine 1725:Modern 1701:Element 1656:In his 1619:Physics 1609:dianoia 1605:science 1529:dynamei 1518:dynamis 1487:genesis 1475:Physics 1469:kinesis 1360:essence 1145:Organon 1134:Timaeus 1117:Raphael 1104:Organon 1097:Organon 1012:Poetics 982:Physics 906:Ptolemy 902:Macedon 875:Pythias 791:Stagira 739:of the 687:scrolls 684:papyrus 665:Academy 645:Stagira 638:science 499:Mimesis 351:essence 298:Poetics 189:Poetics 154:Physics 147:Organon 112:Chalcis 92:Stagira 25969:Portal 25917:People 25905:Cities 25844:Sinope 25829:Rhizos 25819:Phasis 25769:Bathus 25764:Athina 25749:Amisos 25711:Tanais 25706:Pityus 25631:Charax 25582:Pharos 25577:Orikon 25474:Helike 25464:Alonis 25431:Cyrene 25363:Didyme 25276:Himera 25251:Catana 25213:Sicily 25203:Thurii 25198:Terina 25163:Pixous 25118:Hydrus 25093:Croton 24925:Aeolic 24843:Aphaea 24766:Dodona 24751:Delphi 24720:Temple 24396:Others 24347:Sappho 24332:Pindar 24307:Lucian 24302:Ibycus 24287:Hesiod 24224:Thales 23992:Rulers 23971:People 23948:Xyston 23943:Xiphos 23804:Koinon 23710:Tyrant 23700:Stasis 23690:Koinon 23490:Pontus 23465:Epirus 23434:Sparta 23424:Rhodes 23419:Megara 23414:Thebes 23359:Athens 23285:Pontus 23250:Epirus 23240:Cyprus 23225:Aeolis 22363:Cao Pi 22298:Horace 21932:(1992) 21922:(1971) 21912:(1951) 21902:(1945) 21892:(1944) 21882:(1929) 21872:(1859) 21862:(1848) 21842:(1820) 21832:(1791) 21822:(1790) 21812:(1762) 21802:(1748) 21792:(1689) 21782:(1651) 21772:(1532) 21762:(1313) 21692:Walzer 21682:Taylor 21637:Sartre 21602:Popper 21597:Pareto 21592:Ortega 21577:Nozick 21567:Mouffe 21517:Laclau 21477:Guénon 21462:Gandhi 21402:Berlin 21392:Bauman 21387:Badiou 21377:Arendt 21344:Tucker 21234:Le Bon 21195:Herder 21185:Haller 21180:Godwin 21165:Fichte 21160:Engels 21155:Cortés 21125:Bonald 21082:Suárez 21057:Milton 21047:Luther 21020:Hobbes 21005:Filmer 20995:Calvin 20980:Boétie 20973:period 20952:Ockham 20819:Cicero 20620:Nazism 20408:Utopia 20383:Rights 20373:Regime 20343:People 20328:Nation 20097:Dharma 19997:(1986) 19987:(1980) 19977:(1961) 19967:(1934) 19957:(1820) 19947:(1748) 19899:Walzer 19879:Suárez 19844:Renner 19809:Posner 19779:Müller 19744:Kelsen 19719:Hobbes 19699:Haller 19679:Fuller 19674:Finnis 19644:Bobbio 19619:Austin 19384:(1988) 19374:(1982) 19364:(1980) 19354:(1967) 19344:(1953) 19334:(1951) 19324:(1936) 19314:(1921) 19304:(1905) 19294:(1732) 19284:(1668) 19274:(1666) 19264:(1660) 19254:(n.d.) 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