184:. Each design identifies a family. Some of the most important are the gamako (frog), the symbol of fertility, the zikamu (centipede), the aku (rattlesnake), which symbolizes time and space, the peynu (comb), the kutia (ribs), kaku serankua (the creator of the Sierra father), makuru (vulture), gwirkunu (hills and lakes), urumu (snail), sariwuwu (the months of pregnancy), kunsamunu a'mia (the thought of women), kunsamunu cheyrua (human thought), kanzachu (tree leaf), chinuzatu (the four corners of the world), kambiru (scorpion tail or scribble), phundwas (the snowy peaks of the Sierra) and Garwa (the father of the roads).
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Arhuaco men traditionally use three bags: one called chige kwanu, to save personal belongings, another called Zizhu, to carry coca leaves, and the third for food storage or travel items. They also used a fourth one called masi, to hold their poporo. The women carry the tutu gawa made of agave. The
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Starting in the 1960s, the arhuaca mochila left the geographical arhuaco, penetrated large
Colombian cities (especially Santa Marta and Valledupar), and is used primarily by young people today as a way to claim their indigenous culture.
165:(Arhuaco women) can weave the bags together according to custom. Traditionally, the women learn to weave from an early age by watching their mothers. The first mochila they make is given to the priest for the rituals of the life cycle.
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The colors with which the mochilas are woven are earth tones, ranging from brown and beige to black and gray. Originally they were woven with natural fibers from the
Arahuaco lands, such as
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and cotton (the latter reserved for Mamos backpacks, which can not be traded). The
Spanish introduced sheep's wool and currently mochilas also are made with industrial fibers.
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When a man and woman will marry, the future wife weaves two bags, one for her and one for her husband, to symbolize the love of the couple.
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tutu chakeai and jina kau (white, cotton, without drawings) are marunsama backpacks or mamu (spiritual sage of the arhuaco).
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In 2006, the backpack was nominated as the
Arhuaco cultural symbol of Colombia in the contest organized by the magazine
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The bags are usually decorated with indigenous representations of animals and other objects of their
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Although the whole arhuaco community is involved in production, only
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Artefactos : Colombian Crafts from the Andes to the Amazon
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359:. 1st edition. Chelsea Green Publishing, 2007. 114-15. Print.
302:. 2nd edition. Bogota: Villegas Company, 2009. 109-10. Print.
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Javatrekker: Dispatches From the World of Fair Trade Coffee
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The
Arhuaca mochila is a popular artisan bag in Colombia.
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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298:Villegas, Liliana, and Benjamin Villegas.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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