64:
938:
42:
477:
Velvetfishes get their name from the modified, prickly scales which cover the body and give the fish a velvety appearance, although there are some species which do not have these modified scales and have smooth skin, They typically have knobby lumps on the head, although sometimes there may be sharp
486:
has its origin over or nearly above the eye. The first 3 to 5 dorsal fin spines may be separate, from the rest of the dorsal fin and can be raised or have almost no membrane between them. These separate spines form a separate fin in 4 species. The
181:, of marine ray-finned fishes classified within the order Scorpaeniformes. They are small fish that have skin with a velvet texture. They live on the sea bottom close to the shore, at depths of up to 100 metres (330 ft). They are found in the
535:
Velvetfishes are found mainly in the eastern Indian and western
Pacific Oceans, but some species are found in the eastern Indian Ocean. The adults are found among vegetation or over rocky, shelly, coral rubble or coralline algae substrates.
232:
because all of these fish have a curved sabre-like lacrimal spine that can project, using a switch-blade-like mechanism, out from underneath their eye. The name of the family is taken from that of the type genus,
794:"Order Perciformes (Part 10): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Apistidae, Tetrarogidae, Synanceiidae, Aploacrinidae, Perryenidae, Eschmeyeridae, Pataecidae, Gnathanacanthidae, Congiopodidae and Zanclorhynchidae"
428:
740:"Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber"
823:
517:
very far forward, just to the rear of the base of the pelvic fins. These are small fishes with the largest species being the roughskin scorpionfish (
548:
hiding amongst algae or rubble on or in the vicinity of rocky and coral reefs. The spines in the fin are venom bearing. Little is known about their
361:
1091:
1117:
302:
1209:
1204:
1065:
1104:
778:
671:
1109:
634:
1166:
1122:
833:
890:
17:
454:
63:
1031:
1026:
1013:
863:
228:. The results of some studies suggest that the velvetfishes into an expanded stonefish clade, the family
1148:
1171:
1199:
779:"Stonefish are already scary, and now scientists have found they have switchblades in their heads"
739:
991:
942:
285:
1214:
1194:
953:
519:
1096:
505:
272:
1158:
1135:
1052:
1000:
819:
686:
577:
378:
8:
206:
201:
144:
556:, the large pectoral fins develop early as an adaptation to their pelagic mode of life.
759:
715:
688:
197:
140:
58:
1005:
1130:
1039:
1018:
828:
720:
667:
630:
607:
585:
575:
325:
259:
50:
763:
241:, meaning "ray", presumed to refer to the simple, unbranched soft rays of the fins.
913:
751:
710:
700:
657:
597:
545:
544:
Velvetfishes are uncommon and little-known. These fishes are very well camouflaged
365:
289:
174:
1044:
510:
382:
356:
221:
218:
115:
976:
441:
423:
403:
395:
348:
310:
105:
737:
705:
602:
1188:
859:
581:
500:
214:
194:
125:
495:
are very large. In most species there is a fleshy extension on the anterior
724:
611:
524:
496:
492:
462:
413:
390:
373:
297:
254:
229:
182:
1078:
985:
687:
Ricardo
Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017).
661:
553:
225:
193:
Aploactinidae was first formally recognised as a family by the
American
656:
488:
483:
320:
755:
1083:
793:
449:
343:
280:
249:
The following genera are classified within the family
Aploactinidae:
75:
1070:
947:
791:
738:
Smith, W. Leo; Smith, Elizabeth; Richardson, Clara (February 2018).
625:
Eschmeyer, William N. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.).
237:. which is a compound of "haplo" meaning "single" or "simple", and
970:
937:
868:
792:
Christopher
Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (10 March 2022).
549:
479:
333:
267:
211:
95:
41:
478:
spines. All of the fin rays are unbranched and the spines in the
436:
85:
1143:
1057:
503:
and no gill slit to the rear of last gill arch. One species,
514:
818:
224:. Other authorities place the Scorpaenoidei within the
624:
822:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
1186:
798:The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database
776:
491:has a single spine and 2 or 3 soft rays, the
482:are normally weakly developed and blunt. The
689:"Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes"
800:. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara
530:
911:
854:
852:
850:
629:. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 176.
40:
714:
704:
666:(5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495.
652:
650:
648:
646:
601:
731:
660:; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
858:
847:
571:
569:
217:which in turn is classified within the
14:
1187:
785:
680:
643:
513:, uniquely among scorpaenoids has its
952:
951:
885:
883:
881:
879:
586:"Family-group names of Recent fishes"
1149:865687AC-8E5F-4430-FF0F-0AA0FDB47902
905:
893:. Australian Museum. 12 October 2018
824:"Genera in the family Aploactininae"
566:
812:
552:behaviour but they do have pelagic
24:
876:
618:
472:
25:
1226:
1210:Taxa named by Edwin Chapin Starks
210:classifies the family within the
1205:Taxa named by David Starr Jordan
936:
777:Willingham, AJ (13 April 2018).
523:) which has a maximum published
62:
527:of 13.1 cm (5.2 in).
834:California Academy of Sciences
770:
13:
1:
914:"Velvetfishes, APLOACTINIDAE"
891:"Aploactinidae: Velvetfishes"
559:
499:. There are no teeth on the
7:
204:in 1904.The 5th edition of
188:
10:
1231:
539:
467:Poss & Eschmeyer, 1980
418:Poss & Eschmeyer, 1979
960:
706:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3
603:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1
244:
157:
152:
59:Scientific classification
57:
48:
39:
34:
872:. February 2022 version.
862:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
693:BMC Evolutionary Biology
531:Distribution and habitat
338:Jordan & Starks 1904
864:"Family Aploactinidae"
627:Encyclopedia of Fishes
576:Richard van der Laan;
520:Cocotropus monacanthus
820:Eschmeyer, William N.
506:Prosoproctus pataecus
578:William N. Eschmeyer
918:Fishes of Australia
912:Bray, D.J. (2017).
663:Fishes of the World
207:Fishes of the World
202:Edwin Chapin Starks
167:Little velvetfishes
920:. Museums Victoria
198:David Starr Jordan
1182:
1181:
1131:Open Tree of Life
954:Taxon identifiers
829:Catalog of Fishes
756:10.1643/CG-17-669
673:978-1-118-34233-6
468:
458:
445:
432:
419:
409:
399:
386:
369:
352:
339:
329:
316:
306:
293:
276:
263:
164:
163:
148:
51:Cocotropus roseus
16:(Redirected from
1222:
1175:
1174:
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1152:
1151:
1139:
1138:
1126:
1125:
1113:
1112:
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1086:
1074:
1073:
1061:
1060:
1048:
1047:
1035:
1034:
1022:
1021:
1009:
1008:
996:
995:
994:
981:
980:
979:
949:
948:
941:Data related to
940:
930:
929:
927:
925:
909:
903:
902:
900:
898:
887:
874:
873:
856:
845:
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842:
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805:
789:
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729:
728:
718:
708:
684:
678:
677:
654:
641:
640:
622:
616:
615:
605:
573:
546:ambush predators
466:
453:
440:
427:
417:
407:
394:
377:
360:
347:
337:
324:
314:
301:
284:
271:
258:
139:
67:
66:
44:
32:
31:
27:Family of fishes
21:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1200:Scorpaeniformes
1185:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1165:
1157:
1155:
1147:
1142:
1134:
1129:
1121:
1116:
1108:
1103:
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1090:
1082:
1077:
1069:
1064:
1056:
1051:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1012:
1004:
999:
990:
989:
984:
975:
974:
969:
956:
945:at Wikispecies
934:
933:
923:
921:
910:
906:
896:
894:
889:
888:
877:
857:
848:
838:
836:
817:
813:
803:
801:
790:
786:
775:
771:
736:
732:
685:
681:
674:
655:
644:
637:
623:
619:
574:
567:
562:
542:
533:
511:South China Sea
475:
473:Characteristics
357:Matsubarichthys
247:
222:Scorpaeniformes
191:
138:
116:Scorpaeniformes
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1228:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1163:
1153:
1140:
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
982:
966:
964:
958:
957:
932:
931:
904:
875:
860:Froese, Rainer
846:
811:
784:
769:
730:
679:
672:
642:
635:
617:
596:(2): 001–230.
564:
563:
561:
558:
541:
538:
532:
529:
474:
471:
470:
469:
459:
446:
442:J. L. B. Smith
433:
424:Pseudopataecus
420:
410:
404:Peristrominous
400:
387:
370:
353:
340:
330:
317:
311:Bathyaploactis
307:
294:
277:
264:
246:
243:
195:ichthyologists
190:
187:
162:
161:
155:
154:
150:
149:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
106:Actinopterygii
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1227:
1216:
1215:Fish families
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1195:Aploactinidae
1193:
1192:
1190:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:Aploactinidae
1015:
1011:
1007:
1006:Aploactinidae
1002:
998:
993:
992:Aploactinidae
987:
983:
978:
972:
968:
967:
965:
963:
962:Aploactinidae
959:
955:
950:
946:
944:
943:Aploactinidae
939:
919:
915:
908:
892:
886:
884:
882:
880:
871:
870:
865:
861:
855:
853:
851:
835:
831:
830:
825:
821:
815:
799:
795:
788:
780:
773:
765:
761:
757:
753:
750:(1): 94–119.
749:
745:
741:
734:
726:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
698:
694:
690:
683:
675:
669:
665:
664:
659:
653:
651:
649:
647:
638:
636:0-12-547665-5
632:
628:
621:
613:
609:
604:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
582:Ronald Fricke
579:
572:
570:
565:
557:
555:
551:
547:
537:
528:
526:
522:
521:
516:
512:
508:
507:
502:
498:
494:
493:pectoral fins
490:
485:
481:
465:
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:
421:
416:
415:
411:
408:Whitley, 1952
406:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:
354:
350:
346:
345:
341:
336:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:
318:
315:Whitley, 1933
313:
312:
308:
304:
300:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:
278:
274:
270:
269:
265:
261:
257:
256:
252:
251:
250:
242:
240:
236:
231:
227:
223:
220:
216:
215:Scorpaenoidei
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
196:
186:
184:
180:
179:Aploactinidae
176:
172:
168:
160:
156:
151:
146:
142:
137:
136:Aploactinidae
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:Scorpaenoidei
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
65:
60:
56:
53:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Velvetfishes
33:
30:
19:
18:Aploactinidae
961:
935:
922:. Retrieved
917:
907:
895:. Retrieved
867:
837:. Retrieved
827:
814:
802:. Retrieved
797:
787:
772:
747:
743:
733:
699:(162): 162.
696:
692:
682:
662:
658:J. S. Nelson
626:
620:
593:
589:
543:
534:
525:total length
518:
504:
476:
463:Xenaploactis
461:
448:
435:
422:
414:Prosoproctus
412:
402:
391:Paraploactis
389:
374:Neoaploactis
372:
355:
342:
332:
319:
309:
298:Aploactisoma
296:
279:
266:
255:Acanthosphex
253:
248:
238:
234:
230:Synanceiidae
205:
192:
183:Indo-Pacific
178:
171:velvetfishes
170:
166:
165:
158:
135:
49:
29:
1079:iNaturalist
986:Wikispecies
509:, from the
226:Perciformes
1189:Categories
560:References
489:pelvic fin
484:dorsal fin
455:Richardson
321:Cocotropus
169:or simply
122:Suborder:
501:palatines
450:Sthenopus
379:Eschmeyer
344:Kanekonia
303:Castelnau
281:Aploactis
235:Aploactis
159:see text
82:Kingdom:
76:Eukaryota
977:Q1755617
971:Wikidata
924:21 April
897:21 April
869:FishBase
839:20 April
804:22 April
764:91157582
725:28683774
612:25543675
584:(2014).
550:spawning
480:anal fin
334:Erisphex
290:Schlegel
286:Temminck
268:Adventor
212:suborder
189:Taxonomy
185:region.
132:Family:
96:Chordata
92:Phylum:
86:Animalia
72:Domain:
716:5501477
590:Zootaxa
540:Biology
497:isthmus
437:Ptarmus
429:Johnson
396:Bleeker
366:Johnson
273:Whitley
153:Genera
112:Order:
102:Class:
1172:154253
1159:113970
1156:uBio:
1136:279762
1123:178227
1110:167063
1097:110341
1032:148248
781:. CNN.
762:
744:Copeia
723:
713:
670:
633:
610:
580:&
554:larvae
457:, 1848
444:, 1947
431:, 2004
398:, 1864
385:, 1978
381:&
368:, 1991
364:&
351:, 1915
349:Tanaka
328:, 1858
305:, 1872
292:, 1843
288:&
275:, 1952
262:, 1938
260:Fowler
245:Genera
177:, the
175:family
173:are a
147:, 1904
145:Starks
143:&
141:Jordan
1167:WoRMS
1144:Plazi
1092:IRMNG
1084:85591
760:S2CID
383:Allen
239:actis
219:order
1118:NCBI
1105:ITIS
1071:5091
1066:GBIF
1058:5152
1027:BOLD
926:2022
899:2022
841:2022
806:2022
721:PMID
668:ISBN
631:ISBN
608:PMID
594:3882
515:anus
362:Poss
326:Kaup
200:and
1053:EoL
1045:6KN
1040:CoL
1014:AFD
1001:ADW
752:doi
748:106
711:PMC
701:doi
598:doi
1191::
1169::
1146::
1133::
1120::
1107::
1094::
1081::
1068::
1055::
1042::
1029::
1016::
1003::
988::
973::
916:.
878:^
866:.
849:^
832:.
826:.
796:.
758:.
746:.
742:.
719:.
709:.
697:17
695:.
691:.
645:^
606:.
592:.
588:.
568:^
928:.
901:.
843:.
808:.
766:.
754::
727:.
703::
676:.
639:.
614:.
600::
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
