316:
As judge-governor, Valeriano operated between two worlds; he spoke both
Spanish and Nahuatl and served as both a preserver and destroyer of the pre-colonial culture. He dressed as a Spaniard, but artistic depictions of him varied. Some depicted him the same as the other judge-governors. It also
388:
is a unitary work which â despite the considerable objections against such a possibility â de la Vega wrote, with the assistance of a collaborator. Nevertheless, the general consensus among
Mexican scholars (ecclesiastical and secular) remains that Valeriano is indeed the author of the
289:, the former capital of the Aztec Empire, from 1573 to 1599. The city had only recently begun to be ruled by non-dynastic governors, its governors often having been descendants of the old Aztec emperors until the death of
250:
Valeriano and other pupils and former pupils of the colegio are to be credited with their collaboration with the
Franciscans in creating religious texts, dictionaries, and other texts such as SahagĂșn's magnum opus of the
230:
singled out
Valeriano as "one of my collaborators ... collegians expert in grammar. The principal and most learned of them was Antonio de Valeriano of Atzcapoltzalco." He was also praised by Franciscan Fray
268:
38:
384:
Suggestions have been made that its content is incompatible with someone (such as
Valeriano) who had close bonds with the Franciscans, and others have suggested that the
858:
805:
95:
329:
however, in that he is shown with a brown
Spanish shirt rather than Nahua attire and that he is holding a staff of justice (symbolizing his role as judge).
235:, who preserved the last letter that Valeriano wrote him in Latin. Valeriano says that "my hands are trembling, my eyes are clouded, and my ears closed" (
305:. Though not noble himself, Valeriano was of Nahua origin and was connected to the previous royal dynasty through marrying a daughter of the
784:
717:
The
Spiritual Conquest of Mexico: An Essay on the Apostolate and the Evangelizing Methods of the Mendicant Orders in New Spain, 1523-1572.
83:
833:
347:
has become a point of contention in the long-running dispute over the historicity of the apparitions of the Virgin Mary (under the title
469:
The Nahuas After the
Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries
853:
878:
848:
843:
290:
593:
563:
533:
504:
477:
699:
719:
Translated by Lesley Byrd
Simpson. Berkeley: University of California Press 1966. Originally published in French in 1933.
223:
828:
683:
Castañeda de la Paz, MarĂa, "Historia de una casa real. Origen y ocaso del linaje gobernante en MĂ©xico-Tenochtitlan",
374:
838:
700:"From Courtyard to the Seat of Government: The Career of Antonio Valeriano, Nahua Colleague of Bernardino de SahagĂșn"
666:
378:
20:
298:
407:
381:
as to
Valeriano's authorship and as to their acquaintance with the relative manuscripts in his hand-writing.
310:
325:
is shown with a crown and seated on a throne. The depiction differs from how the same codex depicts the
226:. As with other students at the colegio, Valeriano was taught literacy in Nahuatl, Spanish, and Latin.
873:
728:
627:
232:
883:
373:
has long been attributed to Valeriano. This attribution is based on a tradition dating back to the
740:
172:
227:
187:
365:
222:
Antonio de Valeriano was the most accomplished pupil and then native scholar at the Franciscan
863:
823:
348:
286:
60:
402:
868:
360:
496:
The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule: A History of the Indians of the Valley of Mexico, 1519-1810
8:
795:
369:, and de la Vega's claims of authorship in the preface to that work notwithstanding, the
743:" presentation to Marian Congress 6â8 August 2009 Phoenix, Arizona, accessed 2011-02-02
695:
672:
662:
655:
589:
559:
529:
500:
473:
256:
195:
179:
585:
Insignia of Rank in the Nahua World: From the Fifteenth to the Seventeenth Century
707:
657:
Mexican Phoenix: Our Lady of Guadalupe: Image and Tradition Across Five Centuries
583:
553:
523:
494:
467:
791:
762:
102:
56:
817:
688:
343:
176:
676:
766:
207:
203:
138:
106:
322:
43:
19:
This article is about Antonio Valeriano the elder. For his grandson, see
352:
241:) and signing as "Your most loving, but unworthy, Antonius Valerianus"
183:
211:
156:
267:
37:
282:
273:
199:
338:
377:
and the assertions of Luis Becerra Tanco and, subsequently, Don
363:
as part of a composite text known from its opening words as the
555:
A Troubled Marriage: Indigenous Elites of the Colonial Americas
332:
317:
appears that some in Tenochtitlan saw Valeriano as almost a
293:
in 1565. These dynastic governors used the old royal title
444:
Quoted in Latin and English translation in Ricard, p. 223.
238:
manus namque vacillant, oculi calignant, et aures occlusae
733:
The Story of Guadalupe (Nahuatl Studies Series, Number 5)
271:
Another depiction of Valeriano in the Aubin Codex, with
691:
online since 31 January 2011, accessed 21 December 2013
525:
Brill's Companion to Classics in the Early Americas
244:
Tui amantissimus etsi indignus. Antonius Valerianus
694:
654:
639:Trasloheros offers a succinct overview of opinions
815:
859:16th-century indigenous people of the Americas
558:. University of New Mexico Press. p. 61.
337:The question of Valeriano's authorship of the
588:. University Press of Colorado. p. 217.
333:Question of authorship of the Nican Mopohua
301:, governors of the city were simply called
262:
242:
236:
741:Guadalupan Voices in the History of Mexico
726:
499:. Stanford University Press. p. 170.
253:General History of the Things of New Spain
192:General History of the Things of New Spain
36:
735:. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press.
661:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
472:. Stanford University Press. p. 34.
297:; beginning with Valeriano's predecessor
465:
266:
652:
551:
816:
492:
190:in the creation of the twelve-volume
581:
577:
575:
547:
545:
518:
516:
461:
459:
321:, since he in one depiction in the
291:Luis de Santa MarĂa Nanacacipactzin
224:Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco
13:
834:Governors of San Juan Tenochtitlan
714:
186:. He was a collaborator with fray
14:
895:
572:
542:
513:
456:
739:Traslosheros, Jorge E. (2009). "
706:. 19/20: 113â120. Archived from
626:Lisa Sousa, Stafford Poole, and
854:16th-century Mexican historians
727:Sousa Lisa, Stafford Poole and
633:
620:
611:
602:
375:Informaciones JurĂdicas de 1666
21:Antonio Valeriano (the younger)
608:Brading, pp.117-118, cf. p.359
486:
447:
438:
429:
420:
16:Nahua writer, Mexican governor
1:
879:16th-century writers in Latin
849:16th-century Mesoamericanists
844:Novohispanic Mesoamericanists
646:
528:. BRILL. 2021. p. 213.
379:Carlos de SigĂŒenza y GĂłngora
7:
408:Fernando Alvarado TezozĂłmoc
396:
311:Diego de Alvarado Huanitzin
10:
900:
731:(edd. and trans.) (1998).
42:Valeriano depicted in the
18:
829:Historians of Mesoamerica
802:
789:
781:
773:
760:
754:
749:
685:Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos
552:McEnroe, Sean F. (2020).
359:was published in 1649 by
217:
162:
152:
144:
132:
127:
123:
112:
101:
89:
77:
66:
55:
51:
35:
28:
839:Nahuatl-language writers
493:Gibson, Charles (1964).
466:Lockhart, James (1992).
435:quoted in Ricard, p. 42.
413:
263:Position in Tenochtitlan
653:Brading, D. A. (2001).
582:Olko, Justyna (2014).
278:
243:
237:
210:, in Spanish colonial
630:, pp. 8, 17-18, 46-47
349:Our Lady of Guadalupe
287:San Juan Tenochtitlan
270:
228:Bernardino de SahagĂșn
188:Bernardino de SahagĂșn
171:(c. 1521â1605) was a
61:San Juan Tenochtitlan
453:Ricard, pp. 223-224.
426:Ricard, pp. 42, 223.
386:Huei tlamahuiçoltica
366:Huei tlamahuiçoltica
361:Luis Laso de la Vega
281:Valeriano served as
796:Mexico Tenochtitlan
750:Political offices
696:Karttunen, Frances
403:CrĂłnica Mexicayotl
279:
202:of both his home,
874:Classical Nahuatl
812:
811:
803:Succeeded by
785:Francisco Jiménez
774:Succeeded by
617:Karttunen, p. 118
595:978-1-60732-241-2
565:978-0-8263-6120-2
535:978-90-04-46865-8
506:978-0-8047-0196-9
479:978-0-8047-2317-6
299:Francisco Jiménez
169:Antonio Valeriano
166:
165:
84:Francisco Jiménez
30:Antonio Valeriano
891:
884:Aztec philosophy
782:Preceded by
755:Preceded by
747:
746:
736:
723:
715:Ricard, Robert.
711:
680:
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257:Florentine Codex
246:
240:
196:Florentine Codex
173:colonial Mexican
128:Personal details
117:
92:
80:
71:
40:
26:
25:
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303:juez-gobernador
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806:GerĂłnimo LĂłpez
804:
801:
792:Judge-governor
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783:
779:
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772:
771:1565 â ?
763:Judge-governor
759:
756:
752:
751:
745:
744:
737:
729:James Lockhart
724:
712:
710:on 2011-07-18.
692:
681:
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628:James Lockhart
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355:in 1531. The
341:text known as
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200:judge-governor
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57:Judge-governor
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391:Nican Mopohua
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371:Nican Mopohua
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362:
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357:Nican Mopohua
354:
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344:Nican Mopohua
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328:
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309:and governor
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27:
22:
864:1520s births
824:Nahua people
790:
767:Azcapotzalco
761:
732:
720:
716:
708:the original
703:
684:
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280:
277:-like attire
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252:
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208:Tenochtitlan
204:Azcapotzalco
191:
168:
167:
139:Azcapotzalco
114:
107:Azcapotzalco
91:Succeeded by
68:
869:1605 deaths
323:Aubin Codex
157:New Spanish
153:Nationality
79:Preceded by
44:Aubin Codex
818:Categories
800:1573â1599
647:References
353:Juan Diego
184:politician
704:Amerindia
212:New Spain
206:, and of
115:In office
73:1573â1599
69:In office
698:(1995).
677:44868981
397:See also
327:tlatoani
319:tlatoani
307:tlatoani
295:tlatoani
274:tlatoani
136:ca. 1521
689:Article
339:Nahuatl
180:scholar
675:
665:
592:
562:
532:
503:
476:
255:, the
218:Career
194:, the
119:1565â?
414:Notes
351:) to
177:Nahua
673:OCLC
663:ISBN
590:ISBN
560:ISBN
530:ISBN
501:ISBN
474:ISBN
182:and
148:1605
145:Died
133:Born
794:of
765:of
687:.
285:of
247:).
105:of
59:of
820::
702:.
671:.
574:^
544:^
515:^
458:^
393:.
313:.
259:.
214:.
175:,
776:?
757:?
722:.
679:.
598:.
568:.
538:.
509:.
482:.
46:.
23:.
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