198:. In January 1685, various English exiles met in Utrecht to discuss revolutionary plans and in February Monmouth met Argyll in Amsterdam, deciding upon the plan to invade England from both north and south. In addition to her financial support of Argyll, Smith gave £1,000 (equivalent to £190,000 in 2023) to Monmouth so that he could hire a ship to sail to
202:. During the uprising, Smith remained in the Netherlands; her son joined Monmouth and it is not known if he survived. Ferguson visited Smith to tell her that both uprisings had failed and Argyll wrote from prison to apologise that her name had been mentioned at his trial. By July 1685, both Argyll and Monmouth had been executed for treason.
185:
A profile written for the
English government described Ann Smith as "a great fomentor of plots". After the death of her husband in 1684, Smith inherited his wealth and she quickly gave £7,000 (equivalent to £1,400,000 in 2023) to Argyll to fund his revolt. The rising in Scotland was designed to occur
209:
in
Amsterdam in the spring of 1685, before Gaunt's trial in London and eventual death through being burnt alive on 23 October 1685. During the religious turmoil of the 1680s, Smith is one of around twelve women (alongside Gaunt) known to have been active in the support of revolutionary politics. She
135:
and fled to London. He met Ann Smith via
Abraham Holmes and she arranged for him and his servant to be housed in secret. Firstly they lived in a tenement building close to where Smith lived in
186:
at the same time as the
Monmouth Rebellion in the south of England, but Argyll began with a force of just 300 men and never engaged the expected numbers of men for his cause.
533:
500:
431:
395:
331:
289:
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158:
In
December 1682, Ann Smith wrote to Francis "Elephant" Smith (no relation), who was a publisher and Baptist minister. He had printed pamphlets about the
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72:
in London and involved in the business, pursuing a debt owed by the nephew of the
Spanish ambassador. Together they had at least one child.
590:
195:
25:
127:(also James VII of Scotland), which was mainly funded by Smith. The Scottish Presbyterian and politician Argyll had been charged with
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33:
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was also in exile in the
Netherlands, living on an annuity of £6,000 (equivalent to £1,200,000 in 2023) given to him by the
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595:
191:
148:
68:
Nothing is known of Ann Smith's early life before 1682. At that time, it was recorded she was married to a prosperous
187:
570:
368:
The United
Societies: Militancy, Martyrdom and the Presbyterian Movement in Late-Restoration Scotland, 1679 to 1688
580:
575:
170:. By 1683, Ann Smith and her husband had also fled to the Netherlands and they were living with Argyll in
585:
175:
101:
124:
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151:, who was considering an uprising in Ireland; by the autumn Argyll was forced to flee to the
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8:
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37:
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104:, who was known as "the Plotter" for his involvement with conspiracies such as the
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and this may have motivated Smith to take political action, since she was a devout
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550:
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468:
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469:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)"
404:
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105:
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498:
Harris, Tim. "Scott , James, duke of
Monmouth and first duke of Buccleuch".
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97:
57:
159:
69:
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60:
for her activism in 1686, after which time records of her life cease.
167:
140:
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28:
1682–1686) was an
English anti-Catholic political activist. A devout
147:, in the summer of 1682 to discuss rebellion and also met with the
171:
128:
93:
41:
29:
329:
Stevenson, David. "Campbell, Archibald, ninth earl of Argyll".
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in 1686 and nothing else is known about her life afterwards.
179:
96:. She was acquainted with the rebel Major Abraham Holmes and
123:
in 1685. This was a failed attempt to unseat the Catholic
36:
when he was in hiding in London and fled with him to the
143:. Whilst in London, Argyll had covert meetings with the
166:, consequently being forced to flee with his family to
131:
in 1681 and was condemned to death. He escaped from
139:, then they moved to a more comfortable house in
562:
374:(PhD). University of Edinburgh. pp. 87–88
145:Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury
537:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
504:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
435:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
399:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
335:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
293:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
260:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
455:
178:, another Scottish exile who was living in
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52:in England. She hosted fellow conspirator
465:inflation figures are based on data from
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32:, she and her family sheltered the rebel
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534:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
501:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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432:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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396:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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332:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
290:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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257:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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40:in 1683. She lived with her husband in
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117:Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll
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429:Morgan, Basil. "Cochrane, Sir John".
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75:
524:
182:. Cochrane joined the conspirators.
48:in Scotland and the contemporaneous
591:Recipients of English royal pardons
531:Zook, Melinda. "Gaunt, Elizabeth".
287:Zook, Melinda. "Ferguson, Robert".
253:
224:
192:Governor-general of the Netherlands
13:
497:
428:
164:Speech Lately Made by a Noble Peer
162:and Shaftesbury's treasonous text
149:Arthur Forbes, 1st Earl of Granard
14:
612:
392:
188:James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
530:
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393:Lynch, Beth. "Smith, Francis".
44:and following his death funded
18:17th-century political activist
254:Clifton, Robin. "Smith, Ann".
1:
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63:
551:UK public library membership
518:UK public library membership
449:UK public library membership
413:UK public library membership
349:UK public library membership
307:UK public library membership
274:UK public library membership
88:cracked down upon religious
56:in Amsterdam and received a
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601:17th-century English people
205:Smith also gave shelter to
10:
617:
596:17th-century English women
174:. Together, they visited
125:King James II of England
571:English women activists
467:Clark, Gregory (2017).
543:10.1093/ref:odnb/10459
510:10.1093/ref:odnb/24879
405:10.1093/ref:odnb/39672
365:Jardine, Mark (2009).
266:10.1093/ref:odnb/67257
581:People from Battersea
576:17th-century Baptists
441:10.1093/ref:odnb/5753
341:10.1093/ref:odnb/4473
299:10.1093/ref:odnb/9325
115:Ann Smith also knew
153:Spanish Netherlands
38:Spanish Netherlands
586:Monmouth Rebellion
463:Retail Price Index
119:, who was to lead
110:Monmouth Rebellion
76:Political activism
50:Monmouth Rebellion
34:9th Earl of Argyll
549:(Subscription or
516:(Subscription or
447:(Subscription or
411:(Subscription or
347:(Subscription or
305:(Subscription or
272:(Subscription or
196:Marquis of Savona
155:to avoid arrest.
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82:Exclusion Crisis
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121:Argyll's Rising
102:Robert Ferguson
86:King Charles II
84:ended in 1681,
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54:Elizabeth Gaunt
46:Argyll's Rising
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212:royal pardon
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98:Presbyterian
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58:royal pardon
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210:received a
160:Popish Plot
70:sugar-baker
565:Categories
553:required.)
520:required.)
451:required.)
415:required.)
351:required.)
309:required.)
276:required.)
218:References
200:Lyme Regis
90:dissenters
80:After the
64:Early life
168:Rotterdam
141:Brentford
137:Battersea
100:minister
22:Ann Smith
108:and the
378:14 July
172:Utrecht
129:treason
94:Baptist
42:Utrecht
30:Baptist
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194:, the
180:Cleves
480:7 May
372:(PDF)
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380:2020
539:doi
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461:UK
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26:fl.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.