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An Chonghui

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904:), whose military governor, Zhu Hongzhao, had received the post due to his relationship with An. When An reached Fengxiang, Zhu welcomed him with great fanfare, including bowing to An himself as An was arriving, and having his wife to come out to bow to An as well. At a feast held in An's honor by Zhu, An tearfully stated to Zhu, "The wicked people have continuously accused me, such that I have almost fallen. It is only by the clear understanding of the Sovereign that my family has been spared." As soon as An departed Fengxiang and continued to head to the frontline, however, Zhu twisted this statement in a report to Emperor Mingzong, accusing An of being resentful and possibly considering seizing Shi's command when he reached the frontline; he also wrote Shi, reporting the same thing. Shi, fearful, also submitted a report urging Emperor Mingzong to recall An. Emperor Mingzong therefore did. When An received the order and headed back toward Luoyang, Fengxiang refused him entry. Realizing the seriousness of the situation, An headed back toward Luoyang as quickly as he could. However, before he could reach there, Emperor Mingzong issued an edict making him the military governor of Huguo, thus preventing his return to Luoyang, despite Zhao's attempt at interceding for him. 961:), who had long resented An, to Hezhong, to monitor the situation, stating to him, "If An Chonghui has wrongful intentions, then kill him." Once both Zhai and Li Congzhang reached Hezhong, Li Congzhang had An's mansion surrounded by soldiers, and then personally entered to see An. As he bowed to An, An, who was not expecting that, stepped down to him to pull him up. As An did, Li Congzhang pulled out a hammer and battered An's head with it, killing him. An's wife Lady Zhang, in shock, rushed there to try to save him. Li Congzhang also killed her with the hammer. Shortly after, Emperor Mingzong issued an edict, accusing An of the crimes of alienating Meng Zhixiang, Dong Zhang, and Qian from the imperial government, as well as planning to take command of an army in attacking Wu and summoning his two sons back to Huguo. The edict ordered his death as well as the deaths of An Chongzan and An Chongxu. Li Congzhang had the clothes stripped off the bodies of An and Lady Zhang and had them exposed for a day. It was only later at the urging of the officer Bai Congzhang ( 802:) to attack Yang but giving them instructions to capture Yang alive. Suo and Yao, apparently at An's instruction, however, killed Yang when they captured Hezhong. Thereafter, An had Feng Dao and Zhao Feng propose that Li Congke be punished for losing the circuit to a mutiny, but Emperor Mingzong rebuffed them, as he did An when An personally requested, citing how Li Congke had been his son ever since a young age. Still, he ordered Li Congke to stay at his own mansion and not be allowed to attend imperial gatherings. When Suo was subsequently made the military governor of Huguo, he, at An's direction, submitted weapons and claimed that those were weapons privately made by Li Congke, implying that Li Congke was planning a rebellion. However, Li Congke escaped further punishment at the intercession of Emperor Mingzong's favorite concubine, 893:, to be in charge of the overall operations against Meng and Dong, but the imperial army ran into difficulties in advancing against Meng's and Dong's troops, while the garrisons of prefectures loyal to the imperial government were being captured one by one by Meng and Dong. In late 930, An offered to head to the frontline to oversee the campaign himself, and Emperor Mingzong agreed. It was said that when this was announced, the circuits which were previously not diligent in delivering the supplies to the army were all frightened and began to deliver supplies in haste. However, Shi himself did not support the campaign, and as soon as An left Luoyang, Shi began submitting petitions urging the end to the campaign. 790:) on a hunt, by closing the city gates and refusing to let Li Congke reenter. When Li Congke questioned why Yang was doing what he was doing, Yang responded, "It is not that I, Yang Yanwen, turns back on your graciousness, but I received an instruction from the Office of the Chief of Staff, asking you, Lord, to report to the imperial government." When Li Congke reported this to Emperor Mingzong, Emperor Mingzong summoned him to Luoyang, where the emperor was at the time. An disclaimed any involvement and advocated sending an army to attack Yang. Emperor Mingzong thus sent the generals Suo Zitong ( 564:), making him more honored than other chancellors. Emperor Mingzong eventually became displeased at Ren's continuous arguments with An, believing that to be an affront to himself, and when Ren, noticing the emperor's displeasure, offered to resign his secondary position as the director of the three financial agencies (taxation, treasury, and salt and iron monopolies), Emperor Mingzong accepted the resignation. In fall 927, Ren retired completely to Ci Prefecture (磁州, in modern 654:), while Wang Jianli accused An of allying himself with Zhang Yanlang and creating a power bloc. Emperor Mingzong, unhappy with what he saw of An, briefly considered replacing him with Wang Jianli, but ultimately did not do so, but kept Wang at Kaifeng as a chancellor and the director of the three financial agencies. Emperor Mingzong subsequently gave An the additional title of mayor of Henan Municipality (河南, i.e., the Luoyang region). 608:), because Meng was closely related to Emperor Zhuangzong (as his wife was a daughter of Li Keyong's and therefore a full-elder-sister of Emperor Zhuangzong's) and Dong was a favored general of Emperor Zhuangzong's. Meng was also acting fairly independently as the military governor of Xichuan Circuit, as he refused to yield tax revenues to the imperial administration. The official Li Yan ( 758:) serving as the prefect of Mian Prefecture (綿州, in modern Mianyang), each reinforced with soldiers from the imperial army. This, in turn, led to fears from both Meng and Dong that the imperial government would soon be acting against them. Despite their prior rivalry, Meng and Dong entered into an alliance and prepared to jointly fight the Later Tang imperial government. 688:), had long not been willing to yield himself to An. In 929, there was an incident in which Li Congcan was drunk at a feast and, in that drunkenness, sat on the emperor's seat as a joke. An took this opportunity to report this to Emperor Mingzong and recommend Li Congcan's death; as a result, Emperor Mingzong ordered Li Congcan to commit suicide. 711:) as emissaries to Wuyue. Han, who had an enmity with Wu, reported, upon return from Wuyue, that Wu not only bowed to Qian and referred to himself as Qian's subject, but also revealed secrets to Qian. An recommended that Wu be ordered to commit suicide, and subsequently ordered Qian to retire with the title of 446:
Li Siyuan quickly entered Kaifeng, and then from there advanced toward Luoyang. Emperor Zhuangzong organized an army to try to resist him, but was shortly thereafter killed in a mutiny at Luoyang. When Li Siyuan arrived at Luoyang, he was welcomed into the city and assumed, for the time, the title of
438:
instead. Subsequently, with Li Shaorong indeed accusing Li Siyuan of treason and cutting off Li Siyuan's attempts to send messengers to Emperor Zhuangzong to defend himself, Li Siyuan decided to indeed rebel, and therefore had An draft summons on his behalf, asking other generals to join his army, as
629:
declared himself emperor, thus putting himself at the same level, title-wise, as the Later Tang emperor. An advocated a campaign against Wu, but Emperor Mingzong ruled against it. However, subsequently, apparently with Emperor Mingzong's approval, An cut off the diplomatic communications between the
537:
reported this to Emperor Mingzong, Emperor Mingzong reacted, at An's request, by issuing an edict blaming the executed-Ma for the incident and declaring that the people should be careful in respecting the senior officials of the state. Later, in 927, An and Ren had a major disagreement about whom to
492:
An Chonghui quickly became the most powerful advisor for Emperor Mingzong, and, as Emperor Mingzong was illiterate, he relied on An to read to him the petitions coming from throughout the realm, although An, realizing that he was also not capable of handling all these petitions, recommended the
219:
For most of Emperor Mingzong's reign, An was the most powerful figure at court, making key military and political decisions that, in his eyes, sought to strengthen the authority of the Later Tang imperial state. However, his ruthless actions toward political enemies—including Emperor Mingzong's
633:
In 928, a rift developed between An and Kong, over the fact that Kong advised An against giving a daughter to one of Emperor Mingzong's sons in marriage, on the rationale that it would be improper for someone already so powerful to further engender himself to the emperor by a marriage of their
944:) as the new military governor of Huguo, while sending Yao Yanchou with an army heading for Hezhong. When An Chongzan and An Chongxu arrived at Hezhong, An Chonghui put them under arrest and delivered them toward Luoyang, although when they reached Shan Prefecture (陝州, in modern 35: 912:
After An Chonghui's removal as chief of staff, Emperor Mingzong summoned Li Congke to his presence and reunited with him. Emperor Mingzong also restored Qian Liu's offices, blaming the tension between the Later Tang imperial government and the Wuyue king on An.
520:) and serving remotely (with an acting military governor at the circuit itself). An believed that Shannan East was too important of a circuit to lack an actual military governor at the circuit, and therefore declined; Emperor Mingzong subsequently agreed. 657:
Also in 928, Wang Du, who had been concerned about an imperial government takeover of his circuit, partly because An had begun to reimpose imperial laws on Yiwu whereas Yiwu had acted independently previously, tried to assassinate the imperial general
344:
The first historical reference made to An Chonghui himself was in 916, by which time Tang had ended, and the sons of Li Keyong and Zhu Quanzhong were ruling separate and rival realms that they inherited from their fathers—Li Keyong's biological son
886:, who, however, persuaded Emperor Mingzong that An needed to remain, as did Zhao, despite Feng's view that An could only protect himself by resigning. Subsequently, Emperor Mingzong made Fan a chief of staff as well, serving with An. 881:
were repeatedly accusing An of faults. An, apprehensive of what might happen, offered to resign, which caused Emperor Mingzong further displeasure, believing that An was abandoning him. Still, he considered replacing An with
451:, whose daughter was An's daughter-in-law, serving as An's deputy. Meanwhile, An and Li Shaozhen tried to get the political situation ready for Li Siyuan's eventual enthronement, by killing Li Cunxu's brothers Li Cunque ( 418:), Li Siyuan's own forces mutinied and forced him to join the Yedu mutineers. After Li Siyuan freed himself from the Yedu mutineers, he considered returning to his own circuit Chengde Circuit (成德, headquartered in modern 576:
the military governor of Xuanwu Circuit (宣武, headquartered in modern Kaifeng) rebelled, An, believing that Ren could be complicit, requested Emperor Mingzong to order Ren to commit suicide, and Emperor Mingzong did so.
554:; Emperor Mingzong ultimately chose Cui and Feng to serve as chancellors, replacing Doulu and Wei. Shortly after, Emperor Mingzong also bestowed chancellor titles on An and Kong, with An receiving the greater title of 672:
attack. Emperor Mingzong declared a general campaign against Wang Du, with Wang Yanqiu in command. In 929, Wang Yanqiu was able to capture Ding Prefecture, despite Wang Du's being aided by the Khitan general Tunei
614:) volunteered to serve as a monitor to the Xichuan army, believing that he could help curb Meng's exercise of authority, and An then sent him to Xichuan. Meng subsequently had Li executed, and another officer, 834:
By fall 930, Meng and Dong were preparing to rebel, but Dong made one last-ditch attempt to stop the imperial government from what he and Meng saw as provocative deployments—by having his son Dong Guangye
402:(as its Emperor Zhuangzong) and conquered Later Liang. However, by 926, the Later Tang realm was overrun by mutinies after Emperor Zhuangzong had, without good cause, executed two of the major generals, 851:, Dong's threat had the exact opposite effect, since An's intent was to force Dong and Meng into rebellion so that he could destroy them.) When An thereafter, in fall 930, sent the officer Xun Xian'ai ( 508:, as Ren was putting much of his own imprint on the governance, drawing An's jealousy. Meanwhile, Emperor Mingzong wanted to reward An by commissioning him as the military governor of Shannan East 938:), fearing of what might happen next, fled their imperial government posts and headed to Hezhong. Emperor Mingzong, apparently fearing that An might resist, commissioned his nephew Li Congzhang ( 721:), stripping him of all other titles, while putting all Wuyue emissaries under arrest. Qian had his sons submit petitions proclaiming his innocence, but An (and Emperor Mingzong) ignored them. 638:. An thus had Kong expelled from the imperial government to serve as the defender of Luoyang (as Emperor Mingzong was himself at Kaifeng at that time). However, when An had a dispute with 395:, as there was a time when they were drinking and got into an argument, and Li Congke beat him badly. Li Congke later apologized, but An continued to bear a grudge against Li Congke. 232:, which An instigated, stalled, An was forced to retire, and then was killed in retirement, under accusations that he had alienated Meng, Dong, and the Later Tang nominal vassal 509: 580:
By late 926, An had begun to be concerned about two powerful military governors that Emperor Zhuangzong had commissioned prior to his death to govern the former territory of
724:
An, around the same time, was continuing to prepare for the possibility of confrontation with Meng and Dong, by carving out territories from their circuits—with Li Renju (
916:
By summer 931, An, who was fearful of what might happen next, requested complete retirement. Emperor Mingzong agreed and allowed him to retire with the honorary title of
831:
and Yao, however, vouched for An Chonghui, so Emperor Mingzong executed Bian (and later, after discovering Li's and Zhang's parts in this false report, them as well).
336:), who was likely older as well—with 500 cavalry soldiers, to aid Zhu Xuan and Zhu Jin. An Fuqian was subsequently killed in battle when fighting the Xuanwu forces. 863:), Dong publicly declared his rebellion, and he and Meng joined their forces to prepare to attack Baoning, Wuxin, and Zhaowu (昭武, headquartered in modern 391:
from Li Congrong's and Li Conghou's childhood, and the brothers respected him. However, he did not have a good relationship with Li Siyuan's adoptive son
699:, as he was displeased at Qian's arrogant wording while writing him. In 929, there was an incident where Emperor Mingzong sent his attendants Wu Zhaoyu ( 871:) Circuits, which were loyal to the imperial government. When the news came, An advocated a general campaign against them, and Emperor Mingzong agreed. 467:
the Prince of Wei committed suicide as his army refused to follow him in a campaign against Li Siyuan, Li Siyuan took the throne (as Emperor Mingzong).
847:) that if the imperial government sent more soldiers into the region, he would rebel. (However, as noted by, inter alia, the modern historian 1044:
implied that An Chonghui's death was on June 25, but does not clearly state it. Emperor Mingzong's edict ordering An's execution was on
770:
Meanwhile, An Chonghui continuously accused Li Congke, who was then the military governor of Huguo Circuit (護國, headquartered in modern
642:
the military governor of Chengde, with accusations flying both ways—An accusing Wang of being aligned with the semi-independent warlord
398:
For more than a decade, An followed Li Siyuan in his campaigns serving under Li Cunxu, who eventually declared himself emperor of a new
1435: 874:
By this point, however, due to An's lengthy hold on power, he had created many political enemies, and both Consort Wang and the
523:
Despite his faithfulness to Emperor Mingzong, An was also known for his arrogance and violence. When the minor official Ma Yan (
1445: 240:, from the Later Tang emperor. He was said to have, at his death, lamented that he was not able to rid the state of Li Congke. 209: 827:) to falsely accuse An of planning a rebellion and doing so by requesting the command of an army to attack Wu. The generals 1430: 784:) to expel Li Congke, and Yang did so when Li Congke happened to be out of the city (Huguo's capital Hezhong Municipality ( 896:
Before An could actually reach the frontline, in spring 931, he stopped at Fengxiang Circuit (鳳翔, headquartered in modern
1440: 1450: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1232: 1207: 1184: 1165: 1149: 1133: 1117: 1013: 1455: 1327: 1322: 1315: 1310: 1273: 1265: 1101: 1096: 1078: 1073: 618:, whom An sent to Dongchuan to serve as Dong's deputy military governor for a similar reason, fled back to Luoyang. 1410: 346: 248:
It is not known when An Chonghui was born, but it is known that his family was from Ying Prefecture (應州, in modern
841:), who served as the director of imperial gardens at the capital Luoyang, inform An Chonghui's deputy Li Qianhui ( 1405: 1390: 502: 1420: 1400: 1375: 358: 1380: 426:), which he was then the military governor of, to consider his next step, but An and Li Siyuan's deputy 1415: 967:) that Li Congzhang allowed the bodies to be reclothed again. However, his other children were spared. 890: 350: 271: 529:) accidentally collided with his train, An had Ma executed on the spot. When the imperial censor (御史, 1395: 388: 383:) and faithful to Li Siyuan, and Li Siyuan trusted him deeply. He was friendly with Li Siyuan's sons 1425: 875: 630:
two states, which had been frequent ever since Emperor Zhuangzong's destruction of Later Liang.
634:
children—and then himself gave a daughter in marriage to be the wife of Emperor Mingzong's son
534: 1460: 778:), but Emperor Mingzong took no heed. In 930, An instructed Li Congke's officer Yang Yanwen ( 803: 463:) the Prince of Ya, without Li Siyuan's prior approval. Later, after Li Cunxu's oldest son 224:
the Prince of Lu—created much resentment. After the campaign against the regional warlords
501:
to serve in that role. As chief advisor, however, he quickly developed a rivalry with the
430:
pointed out that that exposed him to be defenseless against charges that another general,
8: 1385: 952:), by Emperor Mingzong's orders, they were imprisoned there and not taken to Luoyang. 626: 538:
recommend to be chancellors to replace two chancellors recently removed from office,
730:) serving as the military governor of Baoning Circuit (保寧, headquartered in modern 206: 178: 679:); Wang Du committed suicide, allowing the imperial government to take over Yiwu. 1025: 744:) serving as the military governor of Wuxin Circuit (武信, headquartered in modern 256:) and that his ancestors were tribal chiefs in the region. His father An Fuqian ( 1334: 1008: 312:) sought aid from Li Keyong as they were under attack by Li Keyong's archrival 186: 1369: 1299: 878: 585: 448: 434:, might lay against him, convinced him to head south back toward the capital 225: 883: 669: 615: 431: 419: 403: 263: 659: 639: 573: 410:. When Li Siyuan was sent to battle the mutineers at Yedu (鄴都, in modern 407: 384: 354: 600:
the military governor of Dongchuan Circuit (東川, headquartered in modern
262:) was known for ferocity in battle and became an officer under the late- 828: 635: 597: 581: 427: 399: 292:
the military governor of Tianping Circuit (天平, headquartered in modern
229: 213: 53: 588:
the military governor of Xichuan Circuit (西川, headquartered in modern
324:), Li Keyong sent An Fuqian and two brothers—older brother An Fushun ( 304:
the military governor of Taining Circuit (泰寧, headquartered in modern
1306:(London: Arthur Probsthain, 1898), which is now in the public domain. 945: 864: 662:, whose army was then stationed near Yiwu's capital Ding Prefecture ( 513: 498: 392: 362: 316:
the military governor of Xuanwu Circuit (宣武, headquartered in modern
293: 267: 221: 202: 158: 89: 365:
the military governor of Anguo Circuit (安國, headquartered in modern
771: 731: 692: 646:
the military governor of Yiwu Circuit (義武, headquartered in modern
601: 551: 539: 505: 494: 309: 297: 289: 276: 249: 233: 197: 162: 154: 109: 49: 21: 1286: 1252:
implied that Li Congcan was a son of Emperor Mingzong's; but the
901: 868: 848: 749: 745: 735: 647: 643: 622: 605: 593: 589: 547: 543: 464: 440: 435: 366: 317: 313: 301: 281: 150: 373:). An was then serving under Li Siyuan with the officer rank of 1028: 775: 565: 411: 305: 285: 253: 113: 34: 949: 897: 696: 651: 569: 517: 423: 415: 370: 321: 237: 1248:
stated that Li Congcan was a son of Emperor Mingzong's; the
691:
Meanwhile, An was also in dispute with Later Tang's vassal,
682:
One of Emperor Mingzong's sons or nephews, Li Congcan (
955:
Emperor Mingzong also sent the official Zhai Guangye (
761: 483: 889:Emperor Mingzong sent his son-in-law, the general 857:) to reinforce Baoning's capital Lang Prefecture ( 280:) of Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern 1367: 625:the king of Later Tang's southeastern neighbor 1256:stated that Li Congcan was a nephew. Compare 962: 956: 939: 933: 927: 921: 858: 852: 842: 836: 822: 816: 810: 797: 791: 785: 779: 753: 739: 725: 716: 706: 700: 683: 674: 663: 609: 559: 546:; Ren recommended Li Qi while An recommended 524: 458: 452: 378: 361:. In 916, Li Cunxu made his adoptive brother 331: 325: 257: 447:regent. He made An his chief of staff, with 195:, fl. 10th century) was the chief of staff ( 926:). On the same day, An's sons An Chongzan ( 470: 1224: 1222: 1220: 1218: 1216: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1193: 1176: 1174: 1003: 1001: 999: 809:Around this time, the officers Li Xingde ( 339: 33: 997: 995: 993: 991: 989: 987: 985: 983: 981: 979: 550:at the suggestion of his close associate 1298:This article incorporates material from 1068: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1213: 1190: 1171: 1091: 1089: 1087: 572:), but shortly after, when the general 205:(Emperor Mingzong) (r. 926–933) of the 191: 1368: 1139: 1123: 976: 752:), and An's brother-in-law Wu Qianyu ( 210:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period 1059: 1040:The description of the events in the 1084: 457:) the Prince of Tong and Li Cunji ( 288:). In 894, when Li Keyong's allies 13: 1029:Chinese-Western Calendar Converter 14: 1472: 1323:New History of the Five Dynasties 1304:A Chinese Biographical Dictionary 1270:New History of the Five Dynasties 1254:New History of the Five Dynasties 1074:New History of the Five Dynasties 1019: 668:) in anticipation of a potential 907: 1436:People executed by blunt trauma 1279: 1238: 512:(山南東道, headquartered in modern 1155: 1107: 1034: 963: 940: 817: 780: 707: 701: 684: 525: 475: 379: 39:Modern portrait of An Chonghui 1: 1446:People executed by Later Tang 1311:History of the Five Dynasties 1289:Edition of the Zizhi Tongjian 1262:History of the Five Dynasties 1250:History of the Five Dynasties 1097:History of the Five Dynasties 970: 243: 108:Ying Prefecture (應州, modern 7: 1431:Executed people from Shanxi 821:) induced one Bian Yanwen ( 10: 1477: 1441:Executed Later Tang people 1451:10th-century Asian people 957: 934: 928: 922: 859: 853: 843: 837: 823: 811: 798: 792: 786: 754: 740: 726: 717: 675: 664: 610: 560: 459: 453: 332: 326: 274:) the military governor ( 258: 182: 168: 146: 135: 130: 120: 104: 99: 95: 85: 59: 48: 44: 32: 18: 1456:9th-century Asian people 471:During Li Siyuan's reign 353:and Zhu Quanzhong's son 300:) and Zhu Xuan's cousin 1411:Politicians from Shanxi 1052:description was issued 340:During Li Cunxu's reign 201:) and chief advisor to 1406:Shannan Xidao jiedushi 1391:Later Tang chancellors 1421:Generals from Shanxi 177:(d. June 25, 931?) ( 1401:Later Tang jiedushi 1376:Later Tang shumishi 1048:, but based on the 796:) and Yao Yanchou ( 443:(Bian prefecture). 439:he advanced toward 1381:9th-century births 932:) and An Chongxu ( 815:) and Zhang Jian ( 493:imperial scholars 357:as the Emperor of 161:campaigns against 153:campaigns against 1416:Mayors of Luoyang 349:as the Prince of 330:) and An Fuqing ( 172: 171: 1468: 1396:Hezhong jiedushi 1292: 1291:, vol. 68 (930). 1283: 1277: 1260:, vol. 276 with 1242: 1236: 1226: 1211: 1201: 1188: 1178: 1169: 1159: 1153: 1143: 1137: 1127: 1121: 1111: 1105: 1093: 1082: 1070: 1057: 1038: 1032: 1023: 1017: 1005: 966: 965: 960: 959: 943: 942: 937: 936: 931: 930: 925: 924: 862: 861: 856: 855: 846: 845: 840: 839: 826: 825: 820: 819: 814: 813: 801: 800: 795: 794: 789: 788: 783: 782: 757: 756: 743: 742: 729: 728: 720: 719: 710: 709: 704: 703: 687: 686: 678: 677: 667: 666: 613: 612: 563: 562: 528: 527: 462: 461: 456: 455: 382: 381: 335: 334: 329: 328: 261: 260: 193: 184: 131:Military service 100:Personal details 81: 79: 73: 71: 64: 37: 16: 15: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1470: 1469: 1467: 1466: 1465: 1366: 1365: 1295: 1284: 1280: 1243: 1239: 1227: 1214: 1202: 1191: 1179: 1172: 1160: 1156: 1144: 1140: 1128: 1124: 1112: 1108: 1094: 1085: 1071: 1060: 1039: 1035: 1026:Academia Sinica 1024: 1020: 1006: 977: 973: 910: 768: 705:) and Han Mei ( 490: 481: 473: 342: 246: 157: 125: 77: 75: 69: 67: 65: 60: 40: 28: 25: 12: 11: 5: 1474: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1426:Sogdian people 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1364: 1363: 1335:Zizhi Tongjian 1331: 1319: 1307: 1294: 1293: 1278: 1258:Zizhi Tongjian 1246:Zizhi Tongjian 1237: 1229:Zizhi Tongjian 1212: 1204:Zizhi Tongjian 1189: 1181:Zizhi Tongjian 1170: 1162:Zizhi Tongjian 1154: 1146:Zizhi Tongjian 1138: 1130:Zizhi Tongjian 1122: 1114:Zizhi Tongjian 1106: 1083: 1058: 1050:Zizhi Tongjian 1042:Zizhi Tongjian 1033: 1018: 1009:Zizhi Tongjian 974: 972: 969: 909: 906: 767: 760: 489: 482: 480: 474: 472: 469: 341: 338: 266:major warlord 245: 242: 170: 169: 166: 165: 148: 144: 143: 137: 133: 132: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 106: 102: 101: 97: 96: 93: 92: 87: 83: 82: 57: 56: 46: 45: 42: 41: 38: 30: 29: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1473: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1371: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1324: 1320: 1317: 1313: 1312: 1308: 1305: 1301: 1300:Herbert Giles 1297: 1296: 1290: 1288: 1282: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1234: 1230: 1225: 1223: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1209: 1205: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1194: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1167: 1163: 1158: 1151: 1147: 1142: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1119: 1115: 1110: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1092: 1090: 1088: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1069: 1067: 1065: 1063: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1037: 1030: 1027: 1022: 1015: 1011: 1010: 1004: 1002: 1000: 998: 996: 994: 992: 990: 988: 986: 984: 982: 980: 975: 968: 953: 951: 947: 919: 914: 908:After removal 905: 903: 899: 894: 892: 887: 885: 880: 879:Meng Hanqiong 877: 872: 870: 866: 850: 832: 830: 807: 805: 777: 773: 766:era (930–931) 765: 759: 751: 747: 738:), Xia Luqi ( 737: 733: 722: 714: 698: 694: 689: 680: 671: 661: 655: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 631: 628: 624: 621:In late 927, 619: 617: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 586:Meng Zhixiang 583: 578: 575: 571: 567: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 536: 532: 521: 519: 515: 511: 507: 504: 500: 496: 488:era (926–930) 487: 479: 468: 466: 450: 449:Zhang Yanlang 444: 442: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 396: 394: 390: 386: 376: 372: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 337: 323: 319: 315: 314:Zhu Quanzhong 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 278: 273: 269: 265: 255: 251: 241: 239: 235: 231: 227: 226:Meng Zhixiang 223: 220:adoptive son 217: 215: 211: 208: 204: 200: 199: 194: 192:An Ch'ung-hui 188: 180: 176: 167: 164: 160: 156: 152: 149: 145: 141: 138: 134: 129: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 98: 94: 91: 88: 84: 63: 58: 55: 51: 47: 43: 36: 31: 24: 23: 17: 1461:Taizi taishi 1333: 1321: 1309: 1303: 1285: 1281: 1269: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1228: 1203: 1180: 1161: 1157: 1145: 1141: 1129: 1125: 1113: 1109: 1095: 1072: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1036: 1021: 1007: 954: 918:Taizi Taishi 917: 915: 911: 895: 891:Shi Jingtang 888: 884:Fan Yanguang 873: 833: 808: 804:Consort Wang 769: 763: 723: 712: 695:the King of 690: 681: 656: 632: 620: 616:Zhu Hongzhao 579: 555: 530: 522: 491: 485: 477: 445: 420:Shijiazhuang 404:Guo Chongtao 397: 374: 343: 275: 270:(founder of 264:Tang dynasty 247: 236:the King of 218: 196: 190: 174: 173: 147:Battles/wars 139: 124:June 25, 931 61: 20: 1056:An's death. 762:During the 660:Wang Yanqiu 640:Wang Jianli 574:Zhu Shouyin 484:During the 432:Li Shaorong 428:Li Shaozhen 408:Zhu Youqian 385:Li Congrong 375:Zhongmenshi 359:Later Liang 175:An Chonghui 140:Zhongmenshi 27:An Chonghui 1386:931 deaths 1370:Categories 971:References 829:An Congjin 636:Li Conghou 598:Dong Zhang 582:Former Shu 503:chancellor 400:Later Tang 389:Li Conghou 244:Background 230:Dong Zhang 214:Later Tang 187:Wade–Giles 54:Later Tang 946:Sanmenxia 865:Guangyuan 764:Changxing 514:Xiangyang 499:Zhao Feng 486:Tiancheng 393:Li Congke 363:Li Siyuan 268:Li Keyong 222:Li Congke 203:Li Siyuan 159:Li Siyuan 90:Li Siyuan 62:In office 1338:, vols. 1233:vol. 276 1208:vol. 275 1185:vol. 274 1166:vol. 272 1150:vol. 278 1134:vol. 269 1118:vol. 259 1014:vol. 277 772:Yuncheng 732:Nanchong 693:Qian Liu 602:Mianyang 556:Shizhong 552:Kong Xun 540:Doulu Ge 506:Ren Huan 495:Feng Dao 478:shumishi 355:Zhu Zhen 347:Li Cunxu 310:Shandong 298:Shandong 290:Zhu Xuan 277:jiedushi 250:Shuozhou 234:Qian Liu 198:Shumishi 163:Li Cunxu 155:Zhu Xuan 110:Shuozhou 50:Shumishi 22:Shumishi 1328:vol. 24 1316:vol. 66 1287:Bo Yang 1274:vol. 15 1266:vol. 51 1102:vol. 66 1079:vol. 24 1046:June 26 902:Shaanxi 869:Sichuan 849:Bo Yang 750:Sichuan 746:Suining 736:Sichuan 648:Baoding 644:Wang Du 623:Yang Pu 606:Sichuan 594:Sichuan 590:Chengdu 548:Cui Xie 544:Wei Yue 510:Circuit 465:Li Jiji 441:Kaifeng 436:Luoyang 367:Xingtai 318:Kaifeng 302:Zhu Jin 282:Taiyuan 207:Chinese 179:Chinese 151:Zhu Wen 126:Hezhong 86:Monarch 76: ( 68: ( 876:eunuch 776:Shanxi 713:Taishi 670:Khitan 596:) and 566:Handan 412:Handan 306:Jining 294:Tai'an 286:Shanxi 254:Shanxi 212:state 189:: 181:: 114:Shanxi 1054:after 950:Henan 898:Baoji 697:Wuyue 652:Hebei 570:Hebei 535:Li Qi 531:yushi 518:Hubei 424:Hebei 416:Hebei 371:Hebei 322:Henan 238:Wuyue 142:(中門使) 1268:and 1244:The 923:太子太師 542:and 497:and 406:and 387:and 228:and 136:Rank 121:Died 105:Born 74:–931 1360:278 1356:277 1352:276 1348:275 1344:274 1340:269 1302:'s 964:白從璋 958:翟光鄴 941:李從璋 935:安重緒 929:安重贊 854:荀咸乂 844:李虔徽 838:董光業 824:邊彥溫 812:李行德 799:藥彥稠 793:索自通 787:河中) 781:楊彥溫 755:武虔裕 741:夏魯奇 727:李仁矩 702:烏昭遇 685:李從璨 476:As 460:李存紀 454:李存確 380:中門使 351:Jin 333:安福慶 327:安福順 272:Jin 259:安福遷 183:安重誨 78:931 70:925 66:925 52:of 1372:: 1358:, 1354:, 1350:, 1346:, 1342:, 1326:, 1314:, 1272:, 1264:, 1231:, 1215:^ 1206:, 1192:^ 1183:, 1173:^ 1164:, 1148:, 1132:, 1116:, 1100:, 1086:^ 1077:, 1061:^ 1012:, 978:^ 948:, 900:, 867:, 860:閬州 818:張儉 806:. 774:, 748:, 734:, 718:太師 708:韓玫 676:禿餒 665:定州 650:, 627:Wu 611:李嚴 604:, 592:, 568:, 561:侍中 533:) 526:馬延 516:, 422:, 414:, 369:, 320:, 308:, 296:, 284:, 252:, 216:. 185:; 112:, 1362:. 1330:. 1318:. 1276:. 1235:. 1210:. 1187:. 1168:. 1152:. 1136:. 1120:. 1104:. 1081:. 1031:. 1016:. 920:( 835:( 715:( 673:( 584:— 558:( 377:( 116:) 80:) 72:)

Index

Shumishi

Shumishi
Later Tang
Li Siyuan
Shuozhou
Shanxi
Zhu Wen
Zhu Xuan
Li Siyuan
Li Cunxu
Chinese
Wade–Giles
Shumishi
Li Siyuan
Chinese
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
Later Tang
Li Congke
Meng Zhixiang
Dong Zhang
Qian Liu
Wuyue
Shuozhou
Shanxi
Tang dynasty
Li Keyong
Jin
jiedushi
Taiyuan

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