645:
1263:
770:
1147:
991:
1931:
33:
1912:
331:. They always worked closely with the composers and were praised for the way their writing respected the movement and rhythm of the music. In the case of translated librettos, this was made all the more difficult by having to adapt their poetry to a pre-existing score intended to be sung in another language. An anonymous critic in
614:. They usually dined during the first act of operas, only entered their boxes when the second act began to watch the ballet, and departed immediately afterwards. Wagner adamantly refused to add a ballet to the second act, but compromised by adding one to the first act. The result was the famous fiasco of the "Paris
469:
1390:. Heine shot into the air. Strauss's shot gave Heine a slight wound on the hip. For an account in English of the duel and the events surrounding it, see Holub (1989) pp. 145-156. Several of Royer and Gautier's letters to Strauss' representatives concerning arrangements for the duel are published in Gautier (1985)
275:
201:
and
Liberalism, movements for which he maintained a sympathy throughout his life. He initially trained to be a lawyer, but was more interested in poetry and the theatre and longed to travel. His father sent him abroad where for several years he travelled in Italy and the Middle East, and carried out
508:, where several of his plays had premiered in the 1840s. Vaëz joined him at the Odéon as a stage and artistic director and then went with him to the Paris Opéra in 1856 when Royer became the director there. During Royer's tenure, the Opéra produced the world premieres of operas by
663:
for the Fine Arts). In his later years, he devoted himself to writing a six volume history of the theatre (the last two volumes of which were published posthumously) and a history of the Paris Opéra. He also translated the collected theatrical works of the
Italian dramatist
1505:(18 April 1875) pp. 155-156. Original quote in French: "Voilà pourquoi sa mémoire vivra parmi nous, voilà pourquoi son souvenir sera toujours cher à l'Opéra, pourquoi enfin, Messieurs, vous tous qui m'entourez, vous vous associez à mes paroles, à mes regrets, à mes larmes!"
605:
at the Opéra which was to be its French premiere. Royer told the composer that for the opera to have any success with
Parisian audiences, it required the customary ballet, specifically at the beginning of the second act. Royer explained that the influential members of the
451:. Heine, Gautier and Royer had a particularly close friendship. At several points they all lived near each other on the Rue de Navarin, at times sharing the same lodging. Royer and Gautier and their mistresses were also frequent visitors to Heine's summer house in
634:
in Milan. He suffered from involuntary spasmodic movements of the hands, the result of certain not very creditable physical infirmities, and probably to conceal these he continually toyed with a small stick, which he tossed to and fro with seeming affectation.
618:". On its opening night in 1861, the Jockey Club members duly arrived at the beginning of Act 2 and caused an uproar of shouts, whistles and laughter. Wagner recalled that when the whistling began, Royer turned to him in complete resignation and said, "
351:
By virtue of work and skill, MM. Royer and Vaëz have forced our language, so cold and so unmalleable, so constrained by consonants, so loaded with epithets, to enter without too many cuts and bruises into this narrow and flexible mode of
Italian
459:
with
Salomon Strauss which had involved them in lengthy negotiations with Strauss over the time, place and weapons. They were also the witnesses at Heine's marriage to his long-time mistress, Mathilde, which took place a week before the duel.
622:" ("It's the Jockeys; we're lost.") The two successive performances were even more seriously disrupted. Wagner never permitted another production in Paris. In his autobiography, Wagner described Royer in one of their early encounters:
282:
In the ensuing years, Royer wrote several more novels and plays, contributed articles to a variety of
Parisian periodicals, and formed a close friendship and working partnership with the Belgian playwright and poet,
1422:
M. Alphonse Royer, homme de goût, de tact, et de rotations charmantes. Le gouvernement trouverait en lui un partisan éprouvé des jetées d'ordre, et l'art un défenseur éclairé de nos grandes traditions littéraires.
496:... M. Alphonse Royer, a man of taste, tact and charming demeanor. The government would find in him an experienced and skilful supporter and an enlightened defender of our great literary traditions.
745:
This is why his memory will live on with us. This is why his memory will be always dear to the Opéra. Finally, gentlemen, why all of you share my words, my regrets, my tears!
741:. Halanzier's address at the graveside emphasized Royer's personal modesty and kindness and his contribution to opera and to the Paris Opéra in particular, concluding with:
630:
accompanied me, and we were both struck by a ridiculous habit peculiar to this singular old man, whom
Belloni said he had known in his youth as a box-office clerk at the
727:
148:). In his later years, he wrote a six volume history of the theatre and a history of the Paris Opéra. He also translated the theatrical works of the Italian dramatist
1985:
1865:
327:, Royer and Vaëz became a major force in the adaptation of Italian operas for French audiences and had a virtual monopoly of the Italian repertoire at the
1386:. Strauss had wanted a duel with swords, while Heine wanted pistols. In the end, pistols were chosen, and the duel took place on 7 September 1841 in the
1080:
428:
247:
753:, describes one of them (circa 1843) as "written to Dolores Royer, the wife of Heine's friend Alphonse Royer". Royer's death was announced by his
1970:
790:
In addition to the works listed here, Royer was a regular contributor of articles, literary and music criticism, and serialized fiction (
2010:
2015:
1995:
1990:
1780:
1645:
1526:(1825–1895) was a French author and playwright of Irish descent who had collaborated with Royer and Vaëz on several comedies and
704:
2005:
1824:
1717:
1634:
299:
1980:
1818:
1603:
1619:
1854:
644:
2000:
1965:
1834:
1809:
1790:
1688:
1613:
1888:
Dictionnaire universel des contemporains: contenant toutes les personnes notables de la France et des pays Ă©trangers
1841:
1753:
391:, partly though his novels and travel writing which were widely read at the time, but also through his biography of
307:
in 1839 led to several similar commissions, as well as commissions for original librettos, most notably
Donizetti's
1763:
882:
737:
218:. His experiences during those years also served as the inspirations for several other works, including his novels
836:
The date and theatre given for a translated libretto is the date of the first performance using that translation.
374:. In addition to their work on opera librettos, Royer and Vaëz co-wrote many plays, ranging from serious drama to
1916:
1387:
1372:
Claveau (1867) p. 749. Strauss had challenged Heine to a duel after he had published scandalous accusations of a
749:
Little has been written about Royer's personal life, although Fritz H. Eisner in his analysis of four letters by
407:, attended by literary figures, artists, composers and journalists, all of whom were close friends. According to
1708:
928:
1975:
1590:
Premiere venue and date information in this section is from
Everist (2009) pp. 42-45 and the Théâtre de l'Odéon
1054:
850:
304:
1883:
1006:
655:
Royer remained director of the Paris Opéra until Vaëz's death in 1862, after which he left to become France's
251:
1658:
423:
consumed in tiny cups. Amongst Royer's circle of friends at this time, in addition to
Barbier and Vaëz, were
1773:
1262:
328:
189:
Alphonse Royer was born in Paris to a prosperous family with various commercial interests. His father was a
1738:
973:
725:, and there were spoken tributes by Olivier Halanzier, director of the Paris Opéra, Ferdinand Dugne of the
488:
1694:
1960:
404:
962:
361:
1796:
1044:
684:
was the first time any of AlarcĂłn's plays had been published in French translation. He had been made a
452:
1677:"Partners in Rhyme: Alphonse Royer, Gustave Vaëz, and foreign opera in Paris during the July Monarchy"
1743:
769:
708:
648:
541:
1527:
483:
376:
1238:
677:
610:(all of whom held season tickets) were primarily interested in watching their favourites in the
161:
1879:
689:
173:
1861:
1676:
1109:
818:
239:
660:
601:
141:
1955:
1950:
990:
978:
966:
905:
607:
591:
often meant managing the audience as well. On one notable occasion, Royer did not succeed.
588:
580:
475:
259:
1151:
732:
444:
8:
1540:
1374:
1220:
841:
712:
669:
293:
153:
981:) – French translation (with Gustave Oppelt), Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie, Brussels 1859
936:
523:
440:
1547:, and later France's Under-Secretary of State for Public Instruction and the Fine Arts.
1355:
Camille Rogier (1810–1896) was French artist, most known for his depictions of life in
536:
230:(1834). On his return to Paris, Royer made his literary debut with a novel set in the
1830:
1814:
1786:
1684:
1609:
1360:
1146:
1141:
910:
870:
575:
400:
333:
255:
109:
1113:
940:
627:
531:
501:
1935:
1869:
1650:
1490:
1076:
893:
554:
388:
356:
Although their collaboration on the Italian operatic repertoire ended in 1847 with
343:
97:
1850:
1016:
862:
505:
381:
366:
129:
1894:
1229:
901:) – French translation (with Gustave Vaëz), Paris Opéra (Salle Le Peletier), 1844
673:
611:
416:
157:
1704:
1383:
955:) – Original libretto (with Gustave Vaëz), Paris Opéra (Salle Le Peletier), 1847
917:) – Original libretto (with Gustave Vaëz), Paris Opéra (Salle Le Peletier), 1846
812:
284:
101:
1560:(18 April 1875) pp. 155-156. The details of Royer's death and funeral are from
1523:
932:
800:
777:
758:
750:
549:
509:
448:
420:
203:
119:
1922:
914:
866:
432:
197:) and lawyer. As a young man, Royer belonged to a literary circle inspired by
133:
1944:
1804:
1379:
773:
424:
324:
32:
1581:
Premiere venue and date information in this section is from Casaglia (2005)
924:
877:
824:
722:
592:
567:
559:
518:
482:
Royer had been spoken of as a possible successor to Vedel, the director of
242:. It was published in 1830, the same year as his first venture into drama,
100:, most remembered today for having written (with his regular collaborator,
1089:, (with Gustave Vaëz and Charles Narrey), Théâtre des Variétés, Paris 1852
947:
703:
in Paris on 11 April 1875 at the age of 71. His funeral took place at the
468:
319:
124:
1926:
1876:, Volume 2, Au Bureau de la Publication, et Chez Aubert, 1840 (in French)
1452:
1248:
857:
782:
665:
486:, who resigned his post in 1840. In suggesting him for the directorship,
408:
309:
263:
231:
207:
198:
149:
114:
96:, (10 September 1803 – 11 April 1875) was a French author, dramatist and
395:
and his articles on Mahmud's legislative reforms for the legal journal,
287:. Their first major collaboration was the translation and adaptation of
1334:
791:
761:, and his nephew, Edmond Turquet, who led the mourners at his funeral.
274:
194:
1723:
edited by Claudine Lacoste-Veysseyre, Librairie Droz, 1985 (in French)
1333:
Louis Xavier Eyma (1816–1876) was French author and diplomat born in
846:
806:
700:
392:
387:
During this period, Royer had also achieved a minor reputation as an
288:
211:
145:
411:, who attended the salons at that time, they resembled a "miniature
886:
754:
717:
631:
105:
898:
338:
1847:, 3 December 2004, p. 90 (accessed 15 June 2010, in French)
176:, Royer died in Paris, the city of his birth, at the age of 71.
1911:
1356:
596:
436:
1408:
Vedel was the stage name of Alexandre-Furcy Poulet (1783–1873)
1826:
Seul dans l'orient lointain: Les voyages de Nerval et Du Camp
1544:
1487:
952:
412:
314:
202:
several minor diplomatic and business missions. Royer was in
1194:
Aventures de voyage, tableaux, récits et souvenirs du Levant
849:) – French translation and adaptation (with Gustave Vaëz),
456:
1874:
Galerie de la presse, de la littérature et des beaux-arts
1681:
Fashions and Legacies of Nineteenth-Century Italian Opera
455:. In 1841, Gautier and Royer were Heine's seconds in his
1486:
himself, originally for the funeral of his teacher, the
504:. However, in 1853 Royer was appointed director of the
1890:, 5th Edition, Hachette, 1880, p. 1588 (in French)
1679:
in Roberta Montemorra Marvin and Hilary Poriss (eds.),
1069:, (with Gustave Vaëz) Théâtre du Vaudeville, Paris 1850
1063:, (with Gustave Vaëz), Théâtre des Variétés, Paris 1850
861:(Donizetti) – Original libretto (with Gustave Vaëz and
1813:, Vol. 4, Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 76.
1608:, Cambridge University Press, 1983, pp. 591–592.
1095:, (with Henri Monnier), Théâtre de l'Odéon, Paris 1852
881:(Donizetti) – French translation (with Gustave Vaëz),
431:(who travelled with Royer to Constantinople in 1840),
1572:(18 April 1875) pp. 155-156; and Duval (1876) p. 143,
1363:'s stories. See Schreier (2006) especially pp. 75-77.
1683:, Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 30–52.
1672:, Volume 6, Number 1, January 1961, pp. 280–284
214:
and later wrote an account of it in his 1844 novel,
1037:(with Gustave Vaëz), Théâtre de l'Odéon, Paris 1843
1031:(with Gustave Vaëz), Théâtre de l'Odéon, Paris 1843
1025:(with Gustave Vaëz), Théâtre de l'Odéon, Paris 1842
1128:(collection of novellas), Paris: Abel Ledoux, 1834
297:for the French stage. The successful premiere of
1942:
184:
128:. From 1853 to 1856, he was the director of the
1473:See Douhair (1865) p. 224 and Royer (1865) p. 1
994:Charles Volnys as Henry in Royer's first play,
1986:19th-century French dramatists and playwrights
1728:German Writers in the Age of Goethe, 1789–1832
1776:, 18 April 1875) pp. 155–156 (in French)
360:, they later wrote the original libretto for
254:on 27 February 1830 with incidental music by
250:. The play premiered to great success at the
1245:
1093:Grandeur et décadence de M. Joseph Prudhomme
1073:Chodruc-Duclos, ou l'Homme Ă la longue barbe
587:Managing an opera house in Paris during the
269:
18:French author, dramatist and theatre manager
1782:LĂ©onide Massine and the 20th Century Ballet
965:) – Original libretto (with Gustave Vaëz),
939:) – Original libretto (with Gustave Vaëz),
794:) to several French periodicals, including
1053:, (with Gustave Vaëz and Charles Narrey),
31:
1701:, July 1866, pp. 218–220 (in French)
1420:(2 January 1840) p. 2. Original French: "
1734:, Vol. 90), Gale, 1989, pp. 145–156
1668:Eisner, Fritz H., "Four Heine Letters",
1261:
1212:
1145:
989:
768:
668:, as well those of the Spanish writers,
643:
620:Ce sont les Jockeys; nous sommes perdus.
467:
419:smoked on traditional Turkish pipes and
273:
152:, as well those of the Spanish writers,
136:, after which he was appointed France's
1746:, 2 January 1840, p. 2 (in French)
1257:
1043:(with Gustave Vaëz and Charles Narrey)
1943:
1801:, Michel Lévy frères, 1865 (in French)
1766:, 15 April 1875, p. 3 (in French)
1756:, 13 April 1875, p. 2 (in French)
1726:Holub, Robert C., "Heinrich Heine" in
1556:For Halanzier's complete tribute, see
1302:
1300:
1285:
132:and from 1856 to 1862 director of the
1971:French theatre managers and producers
1829:, Université de Saint-Etienne, 2006.
692:in 1844, and in 1867 was promoted to
226:(1840) and a collection of novellas,
1539:Edmond Turquet, (1836–1914) was the
1359:, but also for his illustrations of
380:, several of which premiered at the
1626:. L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia
1297:
500:In the end, Vedel was succeeded by
13:
1378:involving Strauss, Strauss' wife,
1276:
1208:, Paris: Bachelin-Deflorenne, 1875
959:Georgette ou Le moulin de Fontenoy
831:
764:
463:
372:Georgette ou Le moulin de Fontenoy
14:
2027:
1904:
1810:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1664:, Paris: Tresse, 1876 (in French)
1253:, Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1865
1242:, Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1865
1233:, Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1863
1224:, Paris: Michel Lévy frères, 1862
657:Inspecteur Général des Beaux-Arts
323:(1847). During the period of the
138:Inspecteur Général des Beaux-Arts
2011:19th-century French male writers
1932:Works by or about Alphonse Royer
1910:
1732:Dictionary of Literary Biography
1670:The Leo Baeck Institute Yearbook
1451:Gaetano Belloni (1810–1887) was
2016:French male non-fiction writers
1900:, Dodd, Mead and Company, 1911.
1774:"Semaine théâtrale et musicale"
1584:
1575:
1550:
1533:
1517:
1508:
1496:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1388:Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
1200:Histoire universelle du théâtre
728:Société des auteurs dramatiques
337:wrote of their translation for
1855:Complete repertoire: 1782–1997
1366:
1349:
1340:
1327:
1324:Quoted in Everist (2009) p. 35
1318:
1309:
1187:
943:(Cirque Olympique), Paris 1847
639:
206:during the 1826 revolt of the
1:
2006:19th-century French novelists
1654:, Volume 64, 1865 (in French)
1122:, Paris: Eugène Renduel, 1834
595:had ordered a performance of
185:Early years and first success
1981:Directors of the Paris Opera
1713:, Maréchal, 1946 (in French)
1315:Everist (2009) pp. 31 and 35
238:, which he co-authored with
179:
7:
1023:Le Bourgeois grand seigneur
883:Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie
738:Société des gens de lettres
705:Église de la Sainte-Trinité
10:
2032:
1996:Italian–French translators
1991:Spanish–French translators
1744:"Novelles et faits divers"
1618:Casaglia, Gherardo (2005).
1596:
1134:, Paris: Abel Ledoux, 1834
651:with Paris in the distance
626:On one of these occasions
329:Académie Royale de Musique
1433:Norton (2004) pp. 241-242
1099:
1075:, (with Gustave Vaëz and
1003:Henry V et ses compagnons
996:Henry V et ses compagnons
851:Théâtre de la Renaissance
415:in Constantinople", with
403:at his apartment in the
305:Théâtre de la Renaissance
270:Librettist and playwright
244:Henry V et ses compagnons
74:
58:
39:
30:
23:
2001:19th-century translators
1966:French opera librettists
1605:Donizetti and His Operas
1271:(1st edition title page)
1202:, Paris: A. Franck, 1869
1169:Robert Macaire en Orient
1163:Le Connétable de Bourbon
1138:L'Auberge des trois pins
1051:Les Fantaisies de Milord
985:
707:, followed by burial in
558:) as well as ballets by
516:, the French version of
362:François-Auguste Gevaert
224:Robert Macaire en Orient
1857:(accessed 15 June 2010)
1764:"Courrier des théâtres"
1754:"Courrier des théâtres"
1719:Correspondance générale
1482:Faure had composed the
1455:'s secretary and agent.
1282:Vapereau (1880) p. 1588
1035:La Comtesse d'Altenberg
1005:(with Auguste Romieu),
699:Alphonse Royer died of
1699:Le Moniteur de la mode
1635:"Chronique littéraire"
1568:(15 April 1875) p. 3;
1564:(13 April 1875) p. 2;
1491:Louis Antoine Ponchard
1272:
1246:
1158:
1144:), Paris: Dumont, 1836
1007:Théâtre des Nouveautés
998:
787:
747:
709:Père Lachaise Cemetery
652:
649:Père Lachaise Cemetery
637:
498:
479:
354:
279:
252:Théâtre des Nouveautés
1976:French opera managers
1844:Nadar et son Panthéon
1265:
1247:Théâtre fiabesque de
1213:Literary translations
1196:, Paris: Dumont, 1837
1177:, Paris: Dumont, 1840
1171:, Paris: Dumont, 1840
1165:, Paris: Werdet, 1838
1149:
1110:Henri Auguste Barbier
1045:Théâtre du Vaudeville
1015:(with Gustave Vaëz),
993:
819:Revue des Deux Mondes
772:
743:
647:
624:
494:
471:
397:Gazette des tribunaux
377:comédie en vaudeville
349:
277:
240:Henri Auguste Barbier
1919:at Wikimedia Commons
1716:Gautier, Théophile,
1514:Eisner (1961) p. 281
1464:Wagner (1911) p. 735
1442:Wagner (1911) p. 765
1294:(13 April 1875) p. 2
1258:Notes and references
1183:, Paris: Duval, 1844
1055:Théâtre des Variétés
1013:Le Voyage Ă Pontoise
974:Alessandro Stradella
678:Juan Ruiz de AlarcĂłn
608:Jockey-Club de Paris
589:Second French Empire
260:Carl Maria von Weber
162:Juan Ruiz de AlarcĂłn
1785:, McFarland, 2004.
1639:Revue contemporaine
1602:Ashbrook, William,
1399:Fejtő (1946) p. 205
1221:Miguel de Cervantes
1206:Histoire de l'Opéra
1154:for Royer's novel,
1106:Les Mauvais Garçons
1081:Théâtre de la Gaîté
842:Lucie de Lammermoor
796:L'Europe littéraire
780:in the premiere of
713:Jean-Baptiste Faure
670:Miguel de Cervantes
300:Lucie de Lammermoor
294:Lucia di Lammermoor
246:, co-authored with
236:Les Mauvais Garçons
191:commissaire-priseur
154:Miguel de Cervantes
1961:Writers from Paris
1851:Théâtre de l'Odéon
1641:, 1867 (in French)
1346:Eyma (1866) p. 220
1273:
1175:Mademoiselle BĂ©ata
1159:
1061:Le Jour et la nuit
1017:Théâtre de l'Odéon
999:
788:
653:
542:Prince Poniatowski
506:Théâtre de l'Odéon
480:
382:Théâtre de l'Odéon
280:
1915:Media related to
1893:Wagner, Richard,
1884:"Royer, Alphonse"
1880:Vapereau, Gustave
1819:978-0-19-522186-2
1798:Théâtre d'Alarcón
1795:Royer, Alphonse,
1779:Norton, Leslie,
1633:Claveau, Anatole
1361:E. T. A. Hoffmann
1268:Théâtre d'Alarcón
1142:Roger de Beauvoir
1067:Un ami malheureux
1041:La Dame de trèfle
1029:Mademoiselle Rose
871:Salle Le Peletier
792:romans feuilleton
733:Emmanuel Gonzalès
682:Théâtre d'Alarcón
661:Inspector General
576:Jacques Offenbach
546:Pierre de MĂ©dicis
445:Théophile Gautier
256:Giacomo Meyerbeer
142:Inspector General
110:Gaetano Donizetti
91:
90:
50:10 September 1803
2023:
1936:Internet Archive
1914:
1870:Charles Philipon
1862:"Alphonse Royer"
1823:Schreier, Lise,
1659:L'Année théatral
1657:Duval, Georges,
1651:Le Correspondant
1646:"Revue Critique"
1629:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1573:
1554:
1548:
1537:
1531:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1456:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1370:
1364:
1353:
1347:
1344:
1338:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1252:
1156:Venezia la bella
1150:Frontispiece by
1120:Venezia la bella
1077:Michel Delaporte
921:Les premiers pas
690:LĂ©gion d'honneur
555:La reine de Saba
524:Fromental Halévy
484:Théâtre-Français
441:GĂ©rard de Nerval
220:Venezia la bella
174:LĂ©gion d'honneur
65:
49:
47:
35:
21:
20:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2024:
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2020:
1941:
1940:
1907:
1860:Vaëz, Gustave,
1705:Fejtő, François
1675:Everist, Mark,
1627:
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1215:
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1181:Les Janissaires
1102:
1087:Déménagé d'hier
988:
967:Théâtre Lyrique
834:
832:Opera librettos
767:
765:Principal works
680:. Royer's 1865
674:Tirso de Molina
642:
612:corps de ballet
474:(caricature by
473:
466:
464:Theatre manager
417:Turkish tobacco
272:
216:Les janissaires
187:
182:
158:Tirso de Molina
98:theatre manager
87:
84:theatre manager
70:
67:
63:
54:
51:
45:
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1923:Alphonse Royer
1920:
1917:Alphonse Royer
1906:
1905:External links
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1805:Sadie, Stanley
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1114:Eugène Renduel
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915:pastiche opera
902:
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801:Revue de Paris
778:Gilbert Duprez
766:
763:
759:Charles Narrey
751:Heinrich Heine
641:
638:
550:Charles Gounod
532:FĂ©licien David
510:Giuseppe Verdi
502:François Buloz
472:Alphonse Royer
465:
462:
449:Heinrich Heine
429:Camille Rogier
421:Turkish coffee
405:Rue de Navarin
334:L'Illustration
271:
268:
248:Auguste Romieu
204:Constantinople
186:
183:
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120:Giuseppe Verdi
94:Alphonse Royer
89:
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66:(aged 71)
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25:Alphonse Royer
24:
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2017:
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367:opéra comique
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130:Odéon Theatre
127:
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99:
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83:
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69:Paris, France
62:11 April 1875
61:
57:
53:Paris, France
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
16:
1895:
1887:
1873:
1843:
1825:
1808:
1797:
1781:
1770:Le MĂ©nestrel
1769:
1759:
1749:
1737:
1731:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1698:
1680:
1669:
1663:
1660:
1649:
1644:Douhair, P.
1638:
1628:(in Italian)
1621:
1604:
1586:
1577:
1570:Le MĂ©nestrel
1569:
1565:
1561:
1558:Le MĂ©nestrel
1557:
1552:
1535:
1519:
1510:
1503:Le MĂ©nestrel
1502:
1498:
1493:(1787–1866).
1483:
1478:
1469:
1460:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1421:
1417:
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1395:
1384:Ludwig Börne
1373:
1368:
1351:
1342:
1329:
1320:
1311:
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1083:, Paris 1850
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1057:, Paris 1850
1050:
1047:, Paris 1850
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1019:, Paris 1842
1012:
1009:, Paris 1830
1002:
995:
972:
969:, Paris 1853
958:
946:
920:
906:Robert Bruce
904:
892:
878:Don Pasquale
876:
856:
853:, Paris 1839
840:
835:
823:
817:
813:Le MĂ©nestrel
811:
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799:
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781:
748:
744:
736:
726:
723:Requiem Mass
716:
698:
693:
685:
681:
656:
654:
625:
619:
615:
600:
593:Napoleon III
586:
579:
571:
568:Daniel Auber
563:
560:Ernest Reyer
553:
545:
535:
527:
519:Il trovatore
517:
513:
499:
495:
487:
481:
396:
386:
375:
371:
365:
357:
355:
350:
342:
332:
318:
313:(1840), and
308:
298:
292:
285:Gustave Vaëz
281:
278:Gustave Vaëz
243:
235:
227:
223:
219:
215:
190:
188:
169:
165:
137:
123:
113:
102:Gustave Vaëz
93:
92:
64:(1875-04-11)
15:
1956:1875 deaths
1951:1803 births
1927:Data.bnf.fr
1866:Louis Huart
1842:Catalogue:
1837:(in French)
1710:Henri Heine
1453:Franz Liszt
1306:Vaëz (1840)
1249:Carlo Gozzi
1237:Théâtre d'
1228:Théâtre de
1219:Théâtre de
1188:Non-fiction
911:Niedermeyer
867:Paris Opéra
858:La favorite
783:La favorite
721:during the
666:Carlo Gozzi
640:Later years
581:Le papillon
572:Marco Spada
514:Le trouvère
453:Montmorency
433:Joseph MĂ©ry
409:Xavier Eyma
389:orientalist
310:La favorite
264:Louis Spohr
232:Middle Ages
222:(1834) and
208:Janissaries
199:Romanticism
150:Carlo Gozzi
134:Paris Opéra
115:La favorite
75:Occupations
1945:Categories
1898:, Volume 2
1721:, Volume 1
1695:"Causerie"
1528:vaudeville
1335:Martinique
1112:), Paris:
616:Tannhäuser
602:Tannhäuser
564:Sacountalâ
537:Herculanum
399:. He held
291:'s opera,
195:auctioneer
168:and later
46:1803-09-10
1760:La Presse
1750:La Presse
1739:La Presse
1566:La Presse
1562:La Presse
1418:La Presse
1292:La Presse
948:JĂ©rusalem
847:Donizetti
825:L'Artiste
807:Le Figaro
715:sang the
701:pneumonia
686:Chevalier
489:La Presse
478:ca. 1857)
393:Mahmud II
358:JĂ©rusalem
320:JĂ©rusalem
303:, at the
289:Donizetti
212:Mahmud II
180:Biography
166:Chevalier
146:Fine Arts
125:JĂ©rusalem
112:'s opera
106:librettos
1872:(eds.),
1484:Pie Jesu
1266:Royer's
1152:Nanteuil
1126:Un Divan
887:Brussels
755:executor
718:Pie Jesu
694:Officier
364:'s 1853
228:Un Divan
210:against
170:Officier
144:for the
1934:at the
1896:My Life
1882:(ed.),
1840:Tajan,
1807:(ed.),
1597:Sources
1530:pieces.
1239:AlarcĂłn
963:Gevaert
899:Rossini
873:), 1840
735:of the
688:of the
574:), and
548:), and
352:poetry.
339:Rossini
172:of the
1833:
1817:
1789:
1687:
1612:
1541:Deputy
1357:Turkey
1140:(with
1132:Manoël
1116:, 1830
1108:(with
1100:Novels
979:Flotow
937:Halévy
935:, and
933:Carafa
894:Otello
822:, and
731:, and
676:, and
597:Wagner
492:wrote:
437:Balzac
401:salons
344:Otello
262:, and
160:, and
104:) the
81:writer
1864:, in
1545:Aisne
1488:tenor
986:Plays
953:Verdi
929:Auber
628:Bulow
476:Nadar
413:divan
315:Verdi
1868:and
1831:ISBN
1815:ISBN
1787:ISBN
1685:ISBN
1610:ISBN
1543:for
925:Adam
889:1843
776:and
457:duel
447:and
164:. A
118:and
108:for
59:Died
40:Born
1925:on
1079:),
865:),
599:'s
584:).
566:),
540:),
530:),
522:),
341:'s
317:'s
122:'s
1947::
1886:,
1853:,
1772:,
1762:,
1752:,
1742:,
1707:,
1697:,
1648:,
1637:,
1299:^
931:,
927:,
913:,
885:,
828:.
816:,
810:,
804:,
798:,
757:,
711:.
696:.
672:,
443:,
439:,
435:,
427:,
384:.
370:,
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266:.
258:,
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1730:(
1630:.
1624:"
1620:"
1424:"
1337:.
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961:(
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869:(
845:(
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570:(
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552:(
544:(
534:(
526:(
512:(
193:(
140:(
48:)
44:(
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