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Chachapoyas, founded by the
Spanish, served as a port city for numerous expeditions venturing into the rainforest. The legend of El Dorado, a city of gold, fueled the early explorers' thirst for wealth. Though obsessed with finding this mythical treasure, their expeditions faced unforeseen hardships
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The El Dorado envisioned by the conquistadors was a city with streets and temples paved with gold, embellished with massive golden structures and plazas. Its location was variously thought to be north of
Chachapoyas, near Quillabamba, or even deeper in the central rainforest and Colombia. While the
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While some contemporaries accused him of greed and brutality, Alvarado remained a loyal supporter of the
Spanish crown throughout the Peruvian civil wars. He consistently sided with those he believed represented the crown's authority, even when such alliances proved risky or unprofitable.
251:, he escaped and rejoined Pizarro. He participated in subsequent conflicts as a prominent military leader, though not always achieving personal victories. Nonetheless, he held a high military position and was considered a pillar of the Spanish cause.
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Alvarado participated in the
Peruvian civil wars between Diego de Almagro and Francisco Pizarro. Captured by Almagro in 1537, he escaped and joined Pizarro's forces. Siding with the crown, Alvarado helped defeat Almagro's followers at the
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On the fifth of
September in the year of the Lord one thousand five hundred and thirty-eight Ihsu Christo, with sixty Spaniards under the control of captain Alonso de Alvarado arrived in "Xalca" and made the first foundation of
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While in
Chachapoyas, Alvarado learned of the legendary city said to hold fabulous treasures deep within the rainforest, El Dorado. He organized further expeditions along the Marañón River, founding the city of
362:. However, this victory did little to quell discontent among Spanish settlers opposed to the growing authority of the Spanish court's representatives. In 1553, as captain-general and chief justice in
335:("El Mozo") assassinated Francisco Pizarro, seeking revenge for his father's death. The following year, Governor Cristóbal Vaca de Castro, allied with Alvarado, defeated El Mozo at the
300:, was also present at the founding. The Inca Garcilaso de la Vega drew on Blas Valera's chronicles for his descriptions of the Tawantinsuyu in his "Royal Commentaries of the Incas."
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His most significant achievement was the pacification of
Chachapoyas in northeastern Peru (1535–1536). This conquest marked the first Spanish foray into the Amazon Basin from Peru.
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rebelled, Alvarado led the royalist forces. However, he suffered a decisive defeat at the Battle of
Chuquinga (1554). Dejected by this final setback, he fell ill and died.
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Leon, P., 1998, The
Discovery and Conquest of Peru, Chronicles of the New World Encounter, edited and translated by Cook and Cook, Durham: Duke University Press,
216:, seeking riches. He participated in several key battles during the conquest and subsequent civil wars (1537–1555), including the defense of Lima against
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legend itself proved to be a myth, it nonetheless opened doors for the initial colonization and evangelization of vast, remote regions of South
America.
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Following Francisco Pizarro's orders, Alvarado sought an ideal location for a city halfway between Lima and Cusco in 1539. He co-founded
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Alonso de Alvarado was a forerunner of the expeditions that penetrated the Amazon Basin. In 1535, he departed from
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Alvarado returned to Peru in 1546. In April 1548, he reaffirmed his loyalty to the crown by fighting against
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Prescott, W.H., 2011, The History of the Conquest of Peru, Digireads.com Publishing,
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The chronicler Pedro Cieza de León mentions the first founding of
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For instance, in 1537, he commanded Pizarro's forces against
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Alonso de Alvarado Montaya González de Cevallos y Miranda
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Alvarado married during a brief visit to Spain in 1544.
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Captain Luis Valera, father of the Cachapoya Jesuit
451:. Vol. 1. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
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484:Narrative of the Proceedings of Pedrarias Davila
351:of Peru, and married upon his return to Spain.
83: and the second or maternal family name is
441:Bandelier, Adolph Francis Alphonse (1907). "
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59:Learn how and when to remove this message
247:. Although defeated and captured at the
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343:of Spain. He was knighted in the
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224:(1538), and later conflicts at
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372:Francisco Hernández Girón
259:Francisco Hernández Girón
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175:(1500–1556) was a
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208:In 1534, he arrived in
481:Andagoya, Pascual de.
360:Battle of Jaquijahuana
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546:People from Cantabria
541:Spanish conquistadors
536:People from Trasmiera
448:Catholic Encyclopedia
319:Battle of Las Salinas
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222:Battle of Las Salinas
220:'s siege (1536), the
205:'s campaign in Peru.
191:Secadura de Trasmiera
122:Secadura de Trasmiera
268:Search for El Dorado
90:Spanish conquistador
566:Knights of Santiago
333:Diego de Almagro II
218:Manco Inca Yupanqui
144:Viceroyalty of Peru
443:Alonzo de Alvarado
312:Civil Wars in Peru
182:and knight of the
109:Alonso de Alvarado
97:Alonso de Alvarado
39:You can assist by
345:Order of Santiago
249:Battle of Abancay
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165:Conquistador
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33:copy editing
31:may require
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531:1556 deaths
526:1500 births
509:Taken from
298:Blas Valera
285:Chachapoyas
278:Chachapoyas
151:Nationality
520:Categories
390:References
161:Occupation
41:editing it
378:in 1556.
341:Charles I
331:In 1541,
321:in 1538.
308:in 1540.
306:Moyobamba
364:La Plata
326:Huamanga
274:Trujillo
189:Born in
71:In this
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491:21 June
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349:Marshal
177:Spanish
155:Spanish
85:Miranda
77:surname
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368:Potosí
226:Chupas
245:Cuzco
195:Spain
493:2019
466:ISBN
409:ISBN
376:Lima
366:and
228:and
210:Peru
140:Lima
133:Died
118:1500
115:Born
79:is
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
