Prayagraj - Knowledge

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and kings come to this "great city" to give away alms at the Grand Place of Almsgiving. According to Xuanzang's travelogue, the confluence is to the east of this "great city" and the site where alms are distributed every day. Kama MacLean – an Indologist who has published articles on the Kumbh Mela predominantly based on the colonial archives and English-language media, states based on emails from other scholars and a more recent interpretation of the 7th-century Xuanzang memoir, that Prayag was also an important site in 7th-century India of a Buddhist festival. She states that Xuanzang festivities at Prayag featured a Buddha statue and involved alms giving, consistent with Buddhist practices. According to Li Rongxi – a scholar credited with a recent and complete translation of a critical version of the

70: 4668: 1266:", the Prayaga bathing pilgrimage festival of the Hindus. He further stated that the pillar origins were undoubtedly pre-Ashokan based on the new evidence from the archaeological and geological surveys of the triveni site (Prayaga), the major and minor inscriptions as well as textual evidence, taken together. Archaeological and geological surveys done since the 1950s, states Irwin, have revealed that the rivers – particularly Ganges – had a different course in distant past than now. The original path of river Ganges at the Prayaga confluence had settlements dating from the 8th century BCE onwards. According to 1445: 149: 1965: 5591: 18208: 5290: 5312:, Sarojini Naidu Children's Hospital and Manohar Das Eye Hospital serving under its affiliation. Some of the known multispecialty hospitals in and around Prayagraj are Alka Hospital, Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Amardeep Hospital, Asha Hospital, Ashutosh Hospital and Trauma Centre, Bhola Hospital, Dwarka Hospital, D R S Hospital, Jain Hospital, Parvati Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Phoenix Hospitals Pvt. Ltd., Priya Hospital, Sangam Multispeciality Hospital, Vatsalya Hospital, Yashlok Hospital and Research Centre, etc. 3295: 5448: 1186: 185: 5605: 2723: 1398: 1665: 2056:. The annual mean temperature is 26.1 °C (79.0 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 18–29 °C (64–84 °F). Prayagraj has three seasons: a hot, dry summer, a cool, dry winter and a hot, humid monsoon. Summer lasts from March to September with daily highs reaching up to 48 °C in the dry summer (from March to May) and up to 40 °C in the hot and extremely humid monsoon season (from June to September). The 1254:

lack of textual evidence for the move in records left by Muslim historians and the difficulty in moving the massive pillar. Further, like Cunningham, they noted that many smaller inscriptions were added on the pillar over time. Quite many of these inscriptions include a date between 1319 CE and 1575 CE, and most of these refer to the month Magha. According to Krishnaswamy and Ghosh, these dates are likely related to the

1921: 19161: 18165: 3420:. The Municipal Board became Municipal Corporation in 1959. Allahabad Cantonment has a cantonment board. The city of Prayagraj is currently divided into 80 wards, with one member (or corporator) elected from each ward to form the municipal committee. The head of the corporation is the mayor, but, the executive and administration of the corporation are the responsibility of the municipal commissioner, who is an 260: 16791: 1623: 192: 156: 1441:. He states that Akbar laid the foundation of the city at a place of the confluence of Ganges and Jumna which was a very sacred site of Hindus, then gives 1574 and 1584 as the year of its founding, and that it was named "Ilahabas". The next generation of Mughal rulers started calling it Illahabad, and finally, the British started calling it "Allahabad" for ease of pronunciation. 5279: 2061:(48 °F). Prayagraj never receives snow, but, experiences dense winter fog due to numerous wood fires, coal fires, and open burning of rubbish—resulting in substantial traffic and travel delays. Its highest recorded temperature is 48.9 °C (120.0 °F) on 9 June 2019, and its lowest is −0.7 °C (31 °F) on 26 December 1961. 69: 4655:

wheat is predominant followed by pulses and oilseed. Among oilseed crops, mustard has very little area under pure farming and is grown mainly as a mixed crop. Linseed dominates the oilseed production of the district and is mainly grown in Jamunapar area. In the case of pulses, gram has the largest area followed by pea and lentil (

1956:, on the banks of Yamuna. Stairs from three sides descend to the green water of the Yamuna. Above it is a park which is always covered with green grass. There are also facilities for boating here. There are also routes to reach Triveni Sangam by boat from here. Apart from this, there are more than 100 raw ghats in Prayagraj. 879:. Located in southern Uttar Pradesh, the city covers 365 km (141 sq mi). Although the city and its surrounding area are governed by several municipalities, a large portion of Prayagraj district is governed by the Prayagraj Municipal Corporation. The city is home to colleges, research institutions and many 5418:

irrigation and power departments at a cost of ₹147.36 crore. The riverfront would be developed in two phases. In the first phase, around 650 metres at Arail would be developed along with the Yamuna, while in the second phase 700 metres of the stretch between New Yamuna Bridge and Boat Club in Kydganj would be taken up.

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temple. People commit suicide by jumping from it in the belief that they will go to heaven. According to Ariel Glucklich – a scholar of Hinduism and Anthropology of Religion, the Xuanzang memoir mentions both the superstitious devotional suicide and narrates a story of how a Brahmin of a more ancient

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In papers published about 1979, John Irwin – a scholar of Indian Art History and Archaeology, concurred with Krishnaswamy and Ghosh that the Allahabad pillar was never moved and was always at the confluence of the rivers Ganges and Yamuna. According to Irwin, an analysis of the minor inscriptions and

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by a Muslim Sultan, and that in some later century before Akbar, the old city of Prayag had been deserted. Other scholars, such as Krishnaswamy and Ghosh disagree. In a paper published in 1935, they state that the pillar was always at its current location based on the inscription dates on the pillar,

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at 86.50 percent is the highest in the region. Male literacy is 90.21 percent and female literacy 82.17 percent. For 2001 census same figure stood at 75.81 and 46.38. As per census 2011, total 1,080,808 people are literate in Prayagraj of which males and females are 612,257 and 468,551 respectively.

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has been traditionally used to mean "a confluence of rivers". For Allahabad, it denoted the physical meeting point of the rivers Ganges and Yamuna in the city. An ancient tradition has it that a third river, invisible Sarasvati, also meets there with the two. Today, Triveni Sangam (or simply Sangam)

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The city generates 5,34,760 kg of domestic solid wastes daily, while the per capita generation of waste is 0.40 kg per day. The sewer service areas are divided into nine zones in the city. Prayagraj Municipal Corporation oversees the solid waste management project. Prayagraj was the first

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The Triveni Sangam (place where three rivers meet) is the meeting place of Ganges, the Yamuna and mythical Saraswati River, which according to Hindu legends, wells up from underground. A place of religious importance and the site for historic Prayag Kumbh Mela held every 12 years, over the years it

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temples" and to the south of the city are two Buddhist institutions (a stupa built by Ashoka and a monastery). His 644 CE memoir also mentions the Hindu bathing rituals at the junction of the rivers, where people fast near it and then bathe believing that this washes away their sins. Wealthy people

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held in the district. The DM is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the district. The DM is assisted by a chief development officer; five additional district magistrates for finance/revenue, city, rural administration, land acquisition and civil supply; one chief revenue officer; one

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Natives of Uttar Pradesh form the majority of Prayagraj's population. With regards to Houseless Census in Prayagraj, total 5,672 families live on footpaths or without any roof cover, this is approximately 0.38 percent of the total population of Prayagraj district. The sex ratio of Prayagraj is 901

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Akbar was impressed by its strategic location for a fort. According to William Pinch, Akbar's motive may have been twofold. One, the armed fort secured the control of fertile Doab region. Second, it greatly increased his visibility and power to the non-Muslims who gathered here for pilgrimage from

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991 H.) he (Akbar) reached the wished spot and laid the foundations of the city and planned four forts." Abul Fazal adds, "Ilahabad anciently called Prayag was distinguished by His Imperial Majesty by the former name". The role of Akbar in founding the Ilahabad – later called Allahabad – fort and

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is unclear. In contrast to the account of Xuanzang, the Muslim historians place the tree at the confluence of the rivers. The historian Dr. D. B. Dubey states that it appears that between this period, the sandy plain was washed away by the Ganges, to an extent that the temple and tree seen by the

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all prominent crossings of the city. As per the plan, the administration proposed uniformity in signage and colour of buildings and a parking lot to be set up to solve traffic congestion. A 1.35 km long riverfront along Yamuna river would be developed by the Prayagraj Development Authority,

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selected Prayagraj among 16 other global cities for its smart cities programme to help it address challenges like waste management, disaster management, water management and citizen services. The company commenced working on solid waste management and power sector in generating renewable energy.

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The primary economic sectors of the district are tourism, fishing and agriculture, and the city is a hub for India's agricultural industry. In the case of agriculture crops, paddy has the largest share followed by bajra, arhar, urd and moong, in declining order during the Kharif season. In Rabi,

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Overall Prayagraj has a stable and diverse economy comprising various sectors such as State and Central government offices, education and research institutions, real estate, retail, banking, tourism and hospitality, agriculture-based industries, railways, transport and logistics, miscellaneous

1213:, "... there is nothing to suggest that modern Prayag (i e. modern Allahabad) was an ancient city. Yet it is inconceivable that one of the holiest places of Hinduism, Prayag or the confluence of the Ganga and Yamuna should be without a major ancient city." Chakrabarti suggests that the city of 5299:

Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Uttar Pradesh oversees the healthcare system of Prayagraj. Its healthcare system comprises hospitals, medical facilities, private clinics and diagnostic centers. These facilities are either privately owned or owned and facilitated by the

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The construction sector is a major part of Prayagraj's economy. Secondary manufacturers and services may be registered or unregistered; according to the third All India Census for Small Scale Industries, there are more than 10,000 unregistered small-scale industries in the city. An integrated

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begins in June, and lasts until August; high humidity levels prevail well into September. Winter runs from December to February, with temperatures rarely dropping to the freezing point. The daily average maximum temperature is about 22 °C (72 °F) and the minimum about 9 °C

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Hindi, the official state language, is the dominant language in Prayagraj. Urdu and other languages are spoken by a sizeable minority. Hindus form the majority of Prayagraj's population; Muslims compose a large minority. According to provisional results of the 2011 national census,

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reported a population of 1,112,544 in the 82 km (32 sq mi) area governed by Prayagraj Municipal Corporation, corresponding to a density of 13,600/km (35,000/sq mi). In January 2020, the boundaries of Prayagraj Municipal Corporation were expanded to 365 km

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falls on Allahabad from June to September, supplying the city with most of its annual rainfall of 1,027 mm (40 in). The highest monthly rainfall total, 333 mm (13 in), occurs in August. The city receives 2,961 hours of sunshine per year, with maximum

5430:. Chandra Mohan Garg, CEO of Prayagraj Smart City, said: "we are undertaking the restoration of the building, for which we have engaged conservation architects; and preservation of manuscripts dating back over 400 years, and digitisation of all library services". 5421:

Improving city libraries is part of the Smart City Mission. ₹6.6 crore is being spent improving and restoring Allahabad Government Public Library, which is in Chandra Shekhar Azad Park. The granite and sandstone building was founded in 1864 and was designed by

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for Kora and Allahabad. They turned their attention to Oudh to gain these two territories. Shuja was however, unwilling to give them up and made appeals to the English and the Marathas did not fare well at the Battle of Ramghat. In August and September 1773,

1472:. This evolved into the two variant colonial-era spellings of Ilahabad (Hindi: इलाहाबाद) and Allahabad. According to Maclean, these variant spellings have a political basis, as "Ilaha–" means "the gods" for Hindus, while Allah is the term for God to Muslims. 12538: 5315:

Prayagraj healthcare also comprises many medical research institutes. The city also has diagnostic labs, clinics, consultation providers and pathological institutes like Kriti Scanning Centre, Prayag Scan & Diagnostic Centre, and Sprint Medical.

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and other official documents as Allhabad Urban Agglomeration. It consists of Prayagraj Municipal Corporation, three census towns (the cantonment, Arail Uparhar, and Chak Babura Alimabad), and 17 Outer Growth (OG) areas listed in the table below.

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temple, and the alms-giving practice is recommended by the "records at this temple". Rongxi adds that the population of Prayaga was predominantly heretics (non-Buddhists, Hindus), and affirms that Prayaga attracted festivities of

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After the mutiny, the British established a high court, a police headquarters and a public-service commission in Allahabad, making the city an administrative centre. They truncated the Delhi region of the state, merging it with

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ancient scribblings on the pillar first observed by Cunningham, also noted by Krishnaswamy and Ghosh, reveals that these included years and months, and the latter "always turns out to be Magha, which also gives it name to the

2770:, one of four national museums in India, is documenting the flora and fauna of the Ganges and the Yamuna. To protect the rich aquatic biodiversity of river Ganges from escalating anthropogenic pressures, development of a 1159:, dated to the late 1st-millennium CE. These Purana-genre Sanskrit texts describe Prayag as a place "bustling with pilgrims, priests, vendors, beggars, guides" and local citizens busy along the confluence of the rivers ( 12170: 6786: 6753: 12534: 12439: 11880: 1479:'s coup against Akbar and a failed attempt to seize Agra's treasury, he came to Allahabad and seized its treasury while setting himself up as a virtually independent ruler. In May 1602, he had his name read in 12571: 12406: 4703:), which began operations in February 1966. The airport is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the city centre and lies in Bamrauli, Prayagraj. As of now, Prayagraj is connected to eleven cities by flight, where 1270:– an Indologist known for his studies on religion particularly Buddhism, the Irwin papers "showed conclusively that the pillar did not originate at Kaushambi", but had been at Prayaga from pre-Buddhist times. 11847: 8753: 11341: 5028:

and Prayagraj City Transport Service are an important means of public transport for travelling to various parts of the city, state and outskirts. Auto Rickshaws have been a popular mode of transportation.

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is north of it. Prayagraj is well placed geographically and culturally. Geographically part of the Ganga-Yamuna Doab (at the mouth of the Yamuna), culturally it is the terminus of the Indian west. The

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are nationally renowned centres of Arts, Dance, Music, local Folk Dance and Music, Plays/Theatre etc. and nurture upcoming artists. The city has also hosted the International Film Festival of Prayag.

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in India, with an estimated population of 1.53 million in the city. In 2011, it was ranked the world's 40th fastest-growing city. The city, in 2016, was also ranked the third most liveable

9855: 12106: 11397: 11027: 10039: 12997: 9357: 5462:, the world's biggest examining body, is headquartered in the city. Although English is the language of instruction in most private schools, government schools and colleges offer Hindi and 4615:, India's largest oil company (which is state-owned), is constructing a seven-million-tonnes-per-annum (MTPA) capacity refinery in Lohgara with an investment estimated at ₹62 billion. 12224: 1792:

Prayagraj's elevation is over 90 m (295 ft) above sea level. The old part of the city, at the south of Prayagraj Junction railway station, consists of neighbourhoods like Chowk,

6961: 12340: 5470:. After completing their secondary education, students typically enrol in higher secondary schools affiliated with the Uttar Pradesh Board of High School and Intermediate Education, the 1727:

was held in the city, and by the turn of the 20th century, Allahabad was a revolutionary centre. Nityanand Chatterji became a household name when he hurled a bomb at a European club. In

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and his name minted on coins in Allahabad. After reconciliation with Akbar, Salim returned to Allahabad, where he stayed before returning in 1604. After capturing Jaunpur in 1624,

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Chinese traveller too was washed away, with the river later changing its course to the east and the confluence shifting to the place where Akbar laid the foundations of his fort.

14006: 1122:, before the great war, the epic states "the one who observes firm vows, having bathed at Prayaga during Magha, O best of the Bharatas, becomes spotless and reaches heaven." In 11701: 9597: 17272: 12667: 12604: 12202: 12162: 3206:(141 sq mi); according to the 2011 census, 1,536,218 people lived within those boundaries; this corresponds to a population density of 4,200/km (11,000/sq mi). 1422:

states, "For a long time his (Akbar's) desire was to found a great city in the town of Piyag (Allahabad) where the rivers Ganges and Jamuna join... On 13th November 1583 (1st

6776: 5363:, in a boost to India's 100 smart city programme. On 27 August 2015 the official list of 98 cities to be developed as smart cities, including Prayagraj, was announced by the 1004:

mentioned on coins minted in the city since Akbar's rule, the latter name became predominant after the emperor's death. It has also been thought to not have been named after

13346: 5459: 1217:, opposite the confluence, must have been the "ancient settlement of Prayag". Archaeological surveys since the 1950s has revealed the presence of human settlements near the 12482: 12292: 6361: 6743: 6720: 960:

visited the region in 1575 and was so impressed by the strategic location of the site that he ordered a fort be constructed. The fort was constructed by 1584 and called

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Allahabad has been ranked 20th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'

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and left Allahabad in May 1771 and in January 1772 reached Delhi. Upon realising the Maratha intent of territorial encroachment, however, Shah Alam ordered his general

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after threatening to annex the entire Awadh, concluded a treaty with Saadat on abolishing the independent Awadhi army, imposing a larger subsidiary force and annexing

13844: 12396: 6650: 11843: 5498: 5451: 3404:, oversees the city's civic infrastructure. The corporation originated in 1864 as the Municipal Board of Allahabad, when the Lucknow Municipal Act was passed by the 11333: 11935: 11249: 6566: 6493: 12965: 10837: 9561: 8940:, World Health Organization. See the spreadsheet "Ambient (outdoor) air pollution database, by country and city" to which this page links. Retrieved 11 July 2018. 6931: 18010: 13605: 5505:, founded in 1910, as "Agricultural Institute", is an autonomous Christian minority university in Prayagraj. Other notable institutions in Allahabad include the 5423: 12250: 6532: 13716: 12727: 10871: 9030: 8468: 13778: 10670: 13681: 12931: 8809: 5506: 1313:

Xuanzang also describes a ritual-suicide practice at Prayaga, then concludes it is absurd. He mentions a tree with "evil spirits" that stands before another

1292:) explicitly mentions Prayaga as both a country and a "great city" where the Yamuna river meets Ganges river. He states that the great city has hundreds of " 12462: 11811: 11754: 1249:

These dates correspond to about 1575 CE, and confirm the importance and the name Prayag. According to Cunningham, this pillar was brought to Allahabad from

15634: 1864:. Although several buildings from the colonial period have been declared "heritage structures", others are deteriorating. Famous landmarks of the city are 13368: 9197: 6679: 6217: 4356:. As the seat of the Government of Uttar Pradesh, Prayagraj is home to local governing agencies and the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly (housed in the 3283:) in the division, is in charge of infrastructure development in his division, and is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the division. The 1231:

Along with Ashoka's Brahmi script inscription from the 3rd century BCE, the pillar has a Samudragupta inscription, as well as a Magha Mela inscription of

18224: 17716: 13424: 12130: 11429: 5972: 1996:(of which Prayagraj is part). The city is divided by a railway line running east–west. South of the railway is the Old Chowk area, and the British-built 8494: 8346: 17281: 17265: 13227: 11092: 5634:, visiting the city was 98,167 in 2010 which subsequently increased to 1,07,141 in 2014. The city has a tradition of political graffiti which includes 4517: 903:

The location at the confluence of Ganges and Yamuna rivers has been known in ancient times as Prayāga, which means "place of a sacrifice" in Sanskrit (

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in May 1765. Alam, who was abandoned by Shuja after the defeats, surrendered to the English and was lodged at the fort, as they captured Allahabad,

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annually on the banks of the Triveni Sangam that typically lasts for one and a half months. Cultural attractions include the Allahabad Museum, the

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and Xuanzang found a flourishing city in the fifth and seventh centuries, respectively. The number of foreign tourists, which mostly consisted of

19194: 11162: 10807: 9007: 5387: 4585: 220: 10799: 9297: 9158: 9065: 6953: 4316:, the highest judicial body in the state of Uttar Pradesh. Prayagraj is known as the "Prime Minister Capital of India", since, seven of fifteen 18030: 14483: 12348: 11496: 6383: 6301: 6089: 5025: 12363: 8932: 8602: 18863: 17258: 14555: 14361: 14351: 11784: 8955: 6809: 6178: 5942: 5490: 5442: 715: 447: 13501: 10071: 1645:

Acquired in 1801, Allahabad, aside from its importance as a pilgrimage centre, was a stepping stone to the agrarian track upcountry and the

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is a noted modern Urdu poet, and Nooh Narwi, Tegh Allahabadi, Shabnam Naqvi and Rashid Allahabadi hail from Prayagraj. English author and

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distant places and who constituted the majority of his subjects. Later, he declared Ilahabas as a capital of one of the twelve divisions (

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roads and high rise buildings. Built in 1857, it was the largest town-planning project carried out in India before the establishment of

16506: 14033: 13935:, by Maheshchand, Mahesh Chand, India Planning Commission. Research Programmes Committee. Published by Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., 1969. 13306: 12872: 12706: 11457: 9840: 9633: 9604: 9144: 8651: 8564: 8325: 8082: 7208: 5336: 4834: 4577: 4538: 13738: 13101: 13030: 12318: 11676: 8739: 18377: 17226: 16324: 13460: 6331: 6106: 5471: 3364: 1603: 1464:). According to Richard Burn, the suffix "–bas" was deemed to "savouring too much of Hinduism" and therefore the name was changed to 1288: 1023:-led governments of Uttar Pradesh to rename Allahabad to Prayagraj. In 1992, the planned rename was shelved when the chief minister, 793:, who developed it as their capital. Kosambi was one of the greatest cities in India from the late Vedic period until the end of the 719: 12659: 12596: 12193: 18319: 14567: 14504: 5537: 3425: 3380: 13336: 11526: 11133: 10930: 9507: 9408: 1205:– also referred to as the Prayaga Bull pillar – adds to the confusion about the antiquity of this city. Excavations have revealed 19214: 18197: 18040: 18025: 18015: 18005: 17709: 17211: 12282: 10504: 9105: 6353: 148: 8860: 5626:. Allahabad has been called the "literary capital of Uttar Pradesh", attracting visitors from East Asia; the Chinese travellers 1363:

without visiting Allahabad had there been a city worth plundering. He further adds that its capture should have been heard when

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Plans were announced in 2024 to set up "digital smart classrooms" in 48 government-ran primary schools within the city limits.

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unfurled the banner of revolt. During the rebellion, Allahabad, with a number of European troops, was the scene of a massacre.

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The development of infrastructure in the city is overseen by the Prayagraj Development Authority (PDA), which comes under the

1747:, were centres of Indian National Congress activity. During the years before independence, Allahabad was home to thousands of 1101:(Skt: Prayaga) cannot wash away cruel and evil deeds, rather the virtuous one should be pure in heart and fair in action. The 19224: 19189: 18211: 16721: 15994: 13095: 12852: 12700: 12502: 11670: 10996: 10774: 10728: 9976: 9834: 9755: 9437: 9230: 9138: 8733: 8702: 8665: 8645: 8558: 8527: 8379: 8319: 8281: 8250: 8211: 8165: 8119: 8010: 7927: 7881: 7835: 7774: 7578:

Kama MacLean (2003). "Making the Colonial State Work for You: The Modern Beginnings of the Ancient Kumbh Mela in Allahabad".

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and the city were amalgamated for municipal purposes. The Cantonment was counted as part of the city in censuses until the

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Prayagraj has a literary and artistic heritage; the former capital of the United Provinces, it was known as Prayag in the

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by 0.28 percent. Around 0.02 percent stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.90 percent stated 'No Particular Religion'.

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met Shuja and concluded a treaty, under which Kora and Allahabad were ceded to the Nawab for a payment of 50 lakh rupees.

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The city is connected to most other Uttar Pradesh cities and major Indian cities such as Kolkata, New Delhi, Hyderabad,

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in October 2014, wherein it was announced that the US would assist India in developing three smart cities, Prayagraj,

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The Prayagraj educational system is distinct from Uttar Pradesh's other cities, with an emphasis on broad education.

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government. Prayagraj has a total of twenty four hospitals run by the administration. Founded in memory of Pandit

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in his name. The territories of Allahabad and Kora were given to the emperor after the treaty was signed in 1765.

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for the same reasons Akbar built it. British troops were first stationed at Allahabad fort in 1765 as part of the

19219: 18116: 18106: 18101: 17949: 17770: 17765: 16276: 15771: 15396: 14937: 14727: 14262: 13992: 13957:, by D. P. Dubey, Neelam Singh, Society of Pilgrimage Studies. Published by Society of Pilgrimage Studies, 1996. 13834: 12756: 10769: 7981: 7556: 6007: 5899: 5375: 4889: 3435:

Prayagraj was declared to have metropolitan status in October 2006. The metropolitan area is referred to in the

3401: 3288: 3280: 3276: 3268: 2696: 1877: 1126:, after the war, the epic elaborates this bathing pilgrimage as "geographical tirtha" that must be combined with 887:

offices, including High court of Uttar Pradesh. Prayagraj has hosted cultural and sporting events, including the

385: 365: 75: 11363: 10374: 5756:. Religious attractions include the Kumbh Mela, the Triveni Sangam and All Saints Cathedral. The city hosts the 2825:. Large numbers of Deer are found in the Trans Yamuna area of Prayagraj. India's first conservation reserve for 1151:(homa), and the confluence of river Ganges, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati site as the king of pilgrimage sites ( 19239: 19234: 18081: 18035: 17959: 16377: 16216: 14026: 9189: 8519:

The Wonder That Was India: A Survey of the Culture of the Indian Sub-Continent Before the Coming of the Muslims

5795: 5550:

and Western attire are gaining acceptance among younger women. Western dress is worn more by men, although the

5427: 3344: 2742:) is responsible for the city's unique flora and fauna. Since the arrival of humans, nearly half of the city's 1980:

and Yamuna. The region was known in antiquity first as the Kuru, then as the Vats country. To the southwest is

18175: 12024: 11599: 11419: 18281: 18271: 18056: 16501: 16352: 16289: 14923: 14509: 13523: 11585: 10110: 8490: 8340: 5931: 5510: 5309: 5305: 5293: 4620: 3394: 3314:. The DM is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the central government and oversees the 3311: 3272: 3223: 1239:

In the Samvat year 1632, Saka 1493, in Magha, the 5th of the waning moon, on Monday, Gangadas's son Maharaja

1130:(tirtha of the heart) whereby one lives by values such as truth, charity, self-control, patience and others. 845: 13223: 11103: 1495:

came to assist the garrison. During the Mughal war of succession, the commandant of the fort who had joined

1016:

that the name was deliberately given by Akbar to be construed as both Hindu ("ilaha") and Muslim ("Allah").

18628: 16387: 16314: 16152: 16046: 15970: 14541: 14086: 11217: 6117: 5243: 5203: 4671: 4461: 4415: 3397:, looks after the daily matters of the authority. The current chairperson of PDA is Bhanu Chandra Goswami. 3210:

females per 1000 males and child sex ratio of is 893 girls per 1000 boys, lower than the national average.

1869: 1378: 1206: 865: 184: 128: 91: 87: 9322: 5703:. Prayagraj is a publication centre for Hindi literature, including the Lok Bharti, Rajkamal and Neelabh. 1155:). Other early accounts of the significance of Prayag to Hinduism is found in the various versions of the 19127: 18304: 18256: 18190: 17995: 17985: 17933: 16842: 16397: 16309: 14956: 14771: 14443: 14306: 14132: 13549: 11629: 10734: 10303: 10270: 10147: 5895: 5773: 5379: 5340: 5332: 5259: 5169: 5115: 5060: 4871: 4565: 4490: 4435: 4427: 3421: 3384: 1861: 884: 9925:

A-4 Towns And Urban Agglomerations Classified By Population Size Class In 2011 With Variation Since 1901

8929: 19199: 18286: 18251: 18155: 17980: 17928: 17918: 16666: 16516: 16041: 15914: 15389: 14488: 14438: 12054: 11187: 10593: 8203: 8157: 7919: 5844: 5526: 5383: 5254:

now accommodates railway and auto traffic. A road bridge across the Ganges also connects Prayagraj and

4969: 4950: 4879: 4861: 4842: 4824: 4790: 4469: 4407: 3307: 3284: 1630: 1496: 566: 35: 31: 11155: 11077:. Development Commissioner, Small Scale Industries, Ministry of Industry, Govt. of India. p. 72. 9003: 8491:"Minto Park – Minto Park Allahabad – Allahabad Minto Park – Madan Mohan Malaviya Park Allahabad India" 3335:

City comes under the Prayagraj Police Zone and Prayagraj Police Range, Prayagraj Zone is headed by an

18808: 17123: 16827: 16357: 16177: 16051: 16006: 15926: 14894: 14686: 14076: 14019: 11286: 10812: 9290: 9166: 9075: 8546: 5902:

and the Boys' High School and College Gymnasium. There is an international-level swimming complex in

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city to get pre-paid meters for electricity bill in Uttar Pradesh. The city is equipped with over 40

5212: 4636: 4524: 2045: 2017: 1900:

finding Prayagraj to have the third highest mean concentration of "PM2.5" (<2.5 μm diameter)

1893: 1857: 1845: 857: 17: 6387: 6297: 1428: 19082: 18718: 18713: 18276: 18266: 18261: 18246: 17216: 16531: 16299: 15778: 15735: 14909: 14904: 14889: 14639: 14216: 14200: 14101: 14096: 14071: 13496: 13024: 9502: 8612: 8550:

A Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi: Books And Pamphlets About Mahatma Gandhi

7955: 7641: 7398: 6417: 5745: 5669: 5463: 5216: 4640: 4623:

and A. H. Wheeler and Company have their headquarters in the city. Major companies in the city are

4441: 4388: 3227: 1885: 1724: 1654: 1611: 394: 252: 107: 103: 8952: 6189: 3446:

Population of Allahabad Urban Agglomeration and its Parts According to Census Data for 1901–2011.

2008:

report, Prayagraj is in a "low damage risk" wind and cyclone zone. In common with the rest of the

18828: 18503: 18339: 17814: 17745: 16596: 15938: 15725: 14797: 13491: 8795: 8043: 7973: 7317: 6870: 5724: 5661: 5514: 5486: 4341: 4317: 3222:

is the second most practised religion in the city with approximately 21.94 percent following it.

1804:

and many more. In the north of the Railway Station, the new city consists of neighbourhoods like

1772: 1736: 1685: 1578: 1558: 1356: 1210: 1028: 945:", is used as a term of respect to indicate that this confluence is the most splendid one of the 853: 99: 13468: 12902: 10991:. Development Commissioner, Ministry of Small Scale Industries, Govt. of India. pp. 13–18. 10703: 10308: 8425: 7720: 6777:"क्या है प्रयागराज का मतलब? सृष्टि की रचना के बाद जहां ब्रह्मा ने सबसे पहले संपन्न किया था यज्ञ" 2750:

or have had their range severely reduced. Associated changes in habitat and the introduction of

1581:

in return attacked Delhi and defeated his forces in 1772. The Marathas were granted an imperial

972:. Speculations regarding its name, however, exist. Because of the surrounding people calling it 18768: 18238: 18183: 17585: 17293: 16601: 15958: 15818: 15467: 15029: 14750: 14722: 14285: 13880: 12819: 12782: 11424: 11070: 10984: 9678:"Normals Data: Allahabad/Bamhrauli – India Latitude: 25.45°N Longitude: 81.73°E Height: 97 (m)" 9529: 8454:

Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories: In 36 Volumes. Uttar ... – Google Books

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use the term Prayag, and never use the term Allahabad or its variants. Its history before the

19204: 18813: 18693: 18688: 18548: 18367: 18296: 17514: 17459: 17367: 17113: 17002: 16756: 16392: 16147: 16142: 15890: 15621: 15479: 15004: 14879: 14696: 14660: 14371: 14226: 14061: 13201: 12690: 11451: 10006: 9950: 9824: 9128: 8830: 8789: 8635: 8548: 8309: 8197: 8151: 8105: 8000: 7913: 7676: 7437: 7294:

John Irwin (1983). "The ancient pillar-cult at Prayāga (Allahabad): its pre-Aśokan origins".

7192: 7150: 6885: 6516: 6435: 6271: 5903: 5777: 5347:. The pact came into existence after the bilateral meeting between the Indian Prime Minister 4932: 4913: 4897: 4752: 4396: 3352: 3340: 1813: 1768: 1756: 1713: 1638: 1054: 985: 821: 355: 13314: 13085: 12880: 11660: 9629: 8723: 8584:

The Allahabad conference of the presidents and secretaries of provincial Congress committees

8062: 7088: 18728: 18613: 18583: 18334: 18329: 17809: 17740: 17060: 16997: 16992: 16372: 16132: 15950: 15245: 15180: 15064: 14874: 14616: 14611: 14172: 14137: 14056: 13888: 13870: 13746: 13434: 13019: 12663: 12630: 12600: 12314: 12163:"5 pillars of Smart Cities: Top honchos finally unveil the key to the lock called 'Smart'!" 12107:"IBM picks Surat, Allahabad & Vizag among 16 global locations for smart cities project" 11562: 11534: 10499: 10011: 8111: 7807: 7716: 5887: 5808: 5640: 5494: 5386:, the vice-chairperson of Prayagraj Development Authority and the mayor in addition to the 5224: 5181: 5143: 4708: 4357: 4349: 4313: 3413: 3299: 3202: 2735: 2600: 2025: 2001: 1873: 1801: 1797: 1668: 1650: 1319: 1048: 875:

destinations, securing the second position in terms of tourist arrivals in the state after

711: 706:, the most populous district in the state and 13th most populous district in India and the 538: 83: 6323: 6121: 5478:. and focus on liberal arts, business or science. Vocational programs are also available. 5405:

As a part of Smart City Project, Civil Lines is being developed on the lines of Lucknow's

8: 18967: 18798: 18708: 18593: 18465: 18415: 17897: 17785: 17180: 17165: 17108: 16766: 16591: 16200: 16167: 15878: 15830: 15583: 15345: 15240: 14948: 14884: 14833: 14665: 14473: 14463: 14388: 14366: 14066: 7483:, Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai and Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, Berkeley, 5799:

are two major English-language newspapers that are produced and published from the city.

5769: 5364: 5282: 5239: 5185: 4624: 4325: 3405: 2029: 1760: 1732: 1672: 1565:

by the Marathas, left for his capital in 1771 under their protection. He was escorted by

1516: 546: 8064:

Anglo-Maratha relations during the administration of Warren Hastings 1772–1785, Volume 1

5736:

Prayagraj is noted for historic, cultural and religious tourism. Historic sites include

4584:

industrial township has been proposed for 1,200 acres (490 ha) in Prayagraj by the

3323:

viz. Sadar, Soraon, Phulpur, Handia, Karchhana, Bara, Meja and Kuraon, each headed by a

19184: 19047: 18843: 18838: 18823: 18788: 18783: 18763: 18703: 18648: 18633: 18623: 18588: 18553: 18460: 18455: 18425: 18420: 17850: 17840: 17725: 17640: 17250: 17231: 17175: 16294: 16172: 16036: 15854: 15759: 15455: 15330: 15190: 15044: 14980: 14823: 14792: 14327: 13915: 13839: 13773: 13711: 13429: 12992: 12566: 12434: 12401: 12368: 12287: 12255: 11875: 11816: 11579: 11129: 11022: 10926: 10044: 9860: 9801: 9497: 9412: 9035: 8758: 7710: 7603: 7595: 7299: 6990: 6684: 6222: 5977: 5911: 5684: 4997: 4600: 4401: 4361: 3436: 3367:. Each of the several police circles is headed by a circle officer (CO) in the rank of 3315: 2033: 1701: 1697: 1658: 1595: 1512: 1348: 988:' account of the early 1800s claims that it was renamed Allahabad or "Abode of God" by 880: 801:. Since then, the city has been a political, cultural and administrative centre of the 707: 703: 390: 301: 289: 13874: 12509: 10494: 9097: 7223: 1197:

of Akbar's era added an inscription that mentions the "Magh mela at Prayag Tirth Raj".

18853: 18773: 18758: 18738: 18638: 18618: 18558: 18533: 18523: 18470: 18450: 18405: 18400: 17835: 17760: 17170: 17103: 17093: 17088: 17012: 16847: 16460: 16229: 16162: 16137: 16122: 15806: 15747: 15664: 15644: 14899: 14853: 14828: 14590: 14478: 14453: 14417: 14257: 14091: 13978: 13958: 13948: 13091: 12848: 12696: 11666: 10992: 10625: 10471: 10442: 10413: 10241: 10212: 10183: 9830: 9751: 9226: 9134: 8897: 8868: 8836: 8832:

A Hand-book for Visitors to Lucknow: With Preliminary Notes on Allahabad and Cawnpore

8799: 8729: 8725:

A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

8698: 8641: 8554: 8523: 8458: 8426:"Progress of events in Eastern Bengal, Odisha, Bihar, Oudh, Rohilkhand and Rajputana" 8375: 8315: 8277: 8246: 8207: 8161: 8115: 8072: 8068: 8006: 7923: 7877: 7831: 7770: 7738: 7607: 7511: 7484: 7443: 7331: 7265: 7255: 7198: 7156: 7117: 7033: 6994: 6891: 6626: 6592: 6556: 6522: 6483: 6441: 5886:, also known as street cricket, is popular among city youth. The famous cricket club 5760:

Kumbh Mela, the largest religious gathering in the world, every twelve years and the

5741: 5635: 5123: 5092: 4696: 4688: 4684: 4353: 4352:

or were elected from an Allahabad constituency. Prayagraj is administered by several

3250:, Prayagraj reported the highest rate of violations of special and local laws to the 3242: 3235: 2649: 2594: 2065: 1634: 1574: 888: 10955: 10114: 8547:

Surendra Bhana; Ananda M. Pandiri; E. S. (FRW) Reddy; Uma Dhupelia-Mesthrie (1995).

8399: 7082: 5656:, the doyen of modern Hindi literature, remained its editors from 1903 to 1920. The 1941:

has also been the site of immersion of ashes of several national leaders, including

18833: 18803: 18743: 18723: 18698: 18683: 18673: 18663: 18568: 18518: 18498: 18493: 18440: 18395: 18390: 17923: 17819: 17185: 17157: 16837: 16807: 16408: 16367: 16261: 16241: 15849: 15842: 15533: 15521: 15504: 15443: 15315: 15290: 15255: 15205: 15175: 15130: 15125: 15054: 14755: 14634: 14595: 14458: 14337: 14290: 14190: 13903: 13310: 11731:. Vol. 32. Agricultural Institute, University of Allahabad. 1958. p. 68. 10739: 9924: 8981: 8193: 8147: 7909: 7587: 7327: 7194:

A Critical Inventory of Rāmāyaṇa Studies in the World: Indian languages and English

5840: 5712: 5704: 5696: 5676: 5649: 5378:

as chairperson, secretaries of housing and urban planning and urban development in

5251: 5155: 4716: 4644: 4337: 4321: 3231: 2822: 2767: 1865: 1646: 1602:, entered into a treaty with the company and gave the fort to the British in 1798. 1570: 1434: 1382: 1364: 1352: 1202: 1190: 828:

mention that Akbar laid the foundations of an imperial city there which was called

825: 620: 13399:"Culture & Heritage | District Prayagraj, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India" 13284: 10761: 8669: 6744:"Yogi Adityanath takes Allahabad to Prayagraj after 443 years: A recap of History" 1385:

mention that Akbar laid the foundations of an Imperial City there which he called

1035:

which remained unfulfilled. The rename finally succeeded in October 2018 when the

864:

from 1902 to 1920 and remained at the forefront of national importance during the

19022: 18982: 18818: 18793: 18753: 18733: 18678: 18668: 18658: 18608: 18598: 18578: 18573: 18538: 18528: 18513: 18508: 18445: 18435: 18430: 17892: 17674: 17357: 17201: 16947: 16902: 16342: 16266: 16127: 15999: 15563: 15491: 15270: 15225: 15215: 15110: 15100: 14858: 14520: 14422: 13806: 13579: 12487: 12467: 12077:"Telehealth is now the safest and most cost-effective option for people in India" 11894: 11726: 11471: 11312: 11072: 10986: 10893: 10076: 9776: 9745: 9724: 9265: 9220: 8959: 8936: 8582: 8517: 8242:

The Formation of the Colonial State in India: Scribes, Paper and Taxes, 1760–1860

7825: 7764: 7027: 6586: 5915: 5804: 5800: 5719: 5708: 5608:

A procession of pilgrims cross the Ganges during the 2001 Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj

5402:

and the USTDA. The project is being assisted by the U.S.-India Business Council.

5289: 4345: 3429: 2794: 1833: 1589: 1566: 1539: 1293: 1086: 1036: 953: 892: 814: 762: 576: 522: 15902: 13971:, by Siddheshwari Narain Roy. Published by Raka Prakashana for the Museum, 1999. 13648: 13052: 10556: 9386: 6651:"With over 32 cr tourist arrivals in 9 months, UP turns top tourist destination" 5481:

Prayagraj attracts students from throughout India. As of 2017, the city has one

4639:, Raymond Synthetics, Triveni Sheet Glass, Triveni Electroplast, EMC Power Ltd, 4384:

Prayagraj houses various central government offices and organisations, such as-

19107: 18977: 18848: 18643: 18563: 18410: 18205: 17755: 16987: 16967: 16907: 16822: 16731: 16696: 16655: 16347: 16284: 15963: 15866: 15325: 15160: 15105: 14802: 14717: 14712: 14332: 14247: 14242: 14127: 14081: 13253: 11986: 9571:. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 81–82. Archived from 8047: 6033: 6031: 6029: 5891: 5700: 5680: 5547: 5414: 5371: 5159: 5030: 4789:

is one of the main railway junctions in northern India and headquarters of the

4616: 4608: 3319:

city magistrate; and three additional city magistrates. The district has eight

3247: 2854: 2775: 2727: 1953: 1942: 1925: 1626: 1543: 1531: 1528: 1437:

gives two different dates for Allahabad's foundation, in different sections of

1401: 1374: 1338: 750: 13894:

History of Dharmaśāstra: Ancient and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in India

11501: 9984: 9603:. India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M211. Archived from 5772:

and the University of Allahabad. North Central Zone Culture Centre, under the

1351:

believed that a town existed before Allahabad was founded. He adds that after

1193:

contains many inscriptions since the 3rd century BCE. Sometime about 1575 CE,

19178: 19132: 18603: 18488: 18385: 18215: 17597: 17128: 17083: 17045: 16932: 16832: 16576: 16521: 16362: 16157: 16117: 16031: 16023: 15861: 15692: 15260: 15235: 15230: 15220: 15034: 14999: 14787: 14401: 14322: 13398: 11317:. Vol. 11. Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Uttar Pradesh. p. 44. 10762:"Allahabad Municipal Corporation —> Contact Details of CUG Mobile No.List" 9774: 9722: 9070: 8338: 7873: 7863: 6984: 5919: 5883: 5816: 5665: 5598: 5579: 5467: 5360: 5348: 5301: 4985: 4604: 4329: 2798: 1976:

Prayagraj is in the southern part of Uttar Pradesh, at the confluence of the

1889: 1849: 1744: 1705: 1681: 1185: 1032: 837: 794: 699: 277: 235: 222: 169: 17694: 16812: 12483:"Prayagraj Smart City initiative: 48 govt primary schools to become 'smart'" 9927:(Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 9895: 6026: 5831:

and Radio Tadka and one educational FM radio channel Radio Adan 90.4 run by

19165: 19077: 18748: 18169: 16962: 16942: 16884: 16686: 16541: 16486: 16109: 16011: 15825: 15742: 15715: 15350: 15280: 15140: 15135: 15095: 14644: 14195: 13277:"Who is the youngest ever to receive a Nobel Prize, and who is the oldest?" 8305: 7323:

Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga

7269: 6090:"Poets' 'Allahabadi' Surnames Changed To 'Prayagraj' After UP Website Hack" 6059: 5947: 5863: 5828: 5657: 5594: 5352: 5040:

There are several important National Highways that pass through Prayagraj:

4775: 4774:

in February 1911, when 6,000 cards and letters where flown by French pilot

4333: 3140: 2036:, which was until recently a part of Allahabad (Prayagraj), is North-West. 1901: 1881: 1793: 1740: 1689: 1524: 1520: 1492: 1488: 1409: 1333:

The historic literature of Hinduism and Buddhism before the Mughal emperor

1267: 1024: 946: 798: 786: 782: 714:

being the highest judicial body in the state. As of 2011, Prayagraj is the

340: 111: 11018:"Eastern dedicated freight corridor to get rs 42,000 cr investments to UP" 10988:

Final results, third all India census of small scale industries, 2001–2002

10346: 8273:

From Movement To Government: The Congress in the United Provinces, 1937–42

6146: 5590: 1964: 1330:

who calls it as "Prayaga", located at the confluence of Ganga and Yamuna.

1065:

The earliest mention of Prayāga and the associated pilgrimage is found in

681: 19102: 19072: 17570: 17118: 17098: 17027: 16957: 16952: 16922: 16856: 16817: 16621: 16611: 16586: 16551: 16511: 16319: 16187: 16084: 15987: 15975: 15873: 15793: 15677: 15672: 15654: 15601: 15596: 15545: 15360: 15059: 15014: 14807: 14691: 14681: 14221: 11252:. District Level Information of Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh). Archived from 10649:

This book says that the Municipal Board of Allahabad was founded in 1863.

10261: 9598:"Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" 9291:"Agricultural Productivity and Productivity Regions in Ganga-Yamuna Doab" 8301: 6748: 5875: 5836: 5824: 5820: 5753: 5737: 5575: 5127: 4744: 4628: 3417: 2830: 1985: 1981: 1837: 1829: 1728: 1709: 1453: 1360: 1135: 1103: 766: 723: 79: 16790: 13919: 11071:

Office of the Development Commissioner (Small Scale Industries) (1993).

10985:

Office of the Development Commissioner (Small Scale Industries) (2004).

7545:"Review of Pilgrimage and Power: The Kumbh Mela in Allahabad, 1765–1954" 7439:

Symbols in Art and Religion: The Indian and the Comparative Perspectives

7303: 5246:(built 2001–04), is in Prayagraj and connects the city to the suburb of 5033:

are the most economical means of transportation in Prayagraj along with

4796:

Prayagraj has following nine railway stations in its city limits :

1649:. It also potentially offered sizeable revenues to the company. Initial 19087: 19042: 19032: 19027: 18941: 18361: 17664: 17635: 17602: 17575: 17480: 17301: 17206: 16879: 16852: 16746: 16736: 16706: 16681: 16646: 16546: 16536: 16496: 16427: 16422: 16061: 15885: 15754: 15649: 15639: 15606: 15553: 15474: 15310: 15305: 15295: 15200: 15165: 14994: 14252: 13115: 13057: 11607: 10660:

City Development Plan for Allahabad, 2041 (Final City Development Plan)

10526: 10142: 9470: 7599: 7376: 7374: 6151: 5749: 5406: 5344: 5034: 3393:

chairperson of PDA, whereas a vice chairperson, a government-appointed

3389: 3294: 2790: 2782: 2747: 2743: 2734:

The Ganga-Jamuna Doab, of which Prayagraj is a part, is on the western

2070: 1817: 1748: 1671:, established in 1887, is one of the oldest modern universities in the 1607: 1484: 1480: 1469: 1415: 1397: 1323: 1255: 993: 981: 969: 836:. In the early 17th century, Allahabad was a provincial capital in the 790: 731: 695: 60: 14533: 12752: 12315:"Smart City Task Forces for Ajmer, Allahabad and Visakhapatnam set up" 11991:

Allahabad Nagar Nigam, Government of Uttar Pradesh, allahabadmc.gov.in

11558:"Meet Tabassum Bano – the first female e-rickshaw driver of Allahabad" 11371: 7544: 6982: 6324:"The world's fastest growing cities and urban areas from 2006 to 2020" 6011: 5890:

has produced many national and international cricket players. Several

5447: 1039:-led government officially changed the name of the city to Prayagraj. 19117: 19097: 19057: 18946: 18926: 18896: 18891: 17683: 17625: 17611: 17526: 17424: 17315: 17148: 17138: 17133: 17055: 17022: 17007: 16982: 16977: 16917: 16894: 16771: 16716: 16701: 16671: 16651: 16641: 16571: 16561: 16491: 16442: 16432: 15897: 15837: 15766: 15682: 15591: 15568: 15558: 15528: 15516: 15499: 15438: 15430: 15285: 15155: 13908:

The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland

13020:"Education will lay the foundation of India's future, says President" 12873:"A city of many dimensions is what befits a description of Allahabad" 12787: 11961:"Hospitals | District Prayagraj, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India" 11755:"Union Government launched National Waterway-4 project in Tamil Nadu" 11074:

Report on the second all-India census of small scale industrial units

10409: 10382: 10300:[List of District Magistrates and Divisional Commissioners]. 10179: 9743: 9222:

Archaeology of lower Ganga-Yamuna Doab (circa 1200 B.C. to 1200 A.D.)

7296:

The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland

7064:

Diane Eck (1981), India's "Tīrthas: "Crossings" in Sacred Geography,

6814: 6781: 6212: 6210: 5812: 5563: 5228: 5139: 4923: 4748: 4724: 4704: 3218:

is majority religion in Prayagraj city with 76.03 percent followers.

2833:

Forest Division. Other animals in the state include reptiles such as

2826: 2802: 2762:

led to the extinction of bird species, including large birds such as

1853: 1805: 1664: 1535: 1500: 1369: 1327: 1263: 1174: 809: 677: 534: 529: 15381: 7591: 7417: 7405: 7371: 6841: 6588:

Networks of Empire: Forced Migration in the Dutch East India Company

6544: 6542: 6107:"52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" 1622: 1487:

ordered the siege of Allahabad. The siege was however, lifted after

1243:

made the auspicious pilgrimage to Tirth Raj Prayag. Saphal scripsit.

19122: 19037: 18951: 18886: 17794:

Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences

17630: 17536: 17449: 17403: 17338: 17333: 17324: 17070: 17050: 16927: 16912: 16871: 16741: 16711: 16631: 16581: 16476: 16382: 16195: 16099: 16089: 15933: 15700: 15611: 15573: 15511: 15412: 15370: 15340: 15265: 15170: 15145: 15120: 15090: 15039: 15019: 13116:"Raghupati Sahay, better known under his pen name Firaq Gorakhpuri" 12016: 11844:"इलाहाबाद में लगेगा यूपी का पहला प्रीपेड बिजली का मीटर, हुई लॉचिंग" 8607: 7657:

Prayāga, the Site of Kumbha Melā: In Temporal and Traditional Space

6954:"UP Government Issues Notification Renaming Allahabad To Prayagraj" 6258: 5907: 5879: 5618: 5559: 5503:

Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences

5220: 5193: 5189: 5147: 5131: 5084: 4993: 4756: 4348:). All seven leaders were either born in Allahabad, were alumni of 3215: 3185: 3110: 2842: 2810: 2806: 2751: 2722: 2707:(sun 1971–1990),Tokyo Climate Center (mean temperatures 1991–2020) 2013: 1821: 1764: 1693: 1476: 1449: 1279: 1165: 1081: 989: 934: 876: 841: 335: 13941:, by Surendra Nath Sinha. Published by Jamia Millia Islamia, 1974. 13527: 11334:"Air India to begin new services from Sept 9 | Business Line" 11188:"Industries that play a vital role in the economy of the district" 10262:"Contact Details of Commissioners and District Magistrates of U.P" 6207: 4422:

Special officer for Linguistic Minorities (Regional Headquarters).

1716:. In 1877 the provinces of Agra and Awadh were merged to form the 1503:'s officers and surrendered it to Khan Dauran on 12 January 1659. 976:, has led to some people holding the view that it was named after 19147: 19142: 19092: 19067: 19052: 18997: 18916: 18911: 18881: 18876: 18229: 17669: 17659: 17504: 17499: 17485: 17434: 17408: 17352: 17078: 16860: 16661: 16626: 16616: 16211: 16094: 16074: 15909: 15801: 15335: 15320: 15300: 15275: 15210: 15185: 9750:. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh Publishing House. p. 530. 8367: 6539: 6250: 5894:

are used by amateur and professional athletes; these include the

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The main international and domestic airport serving Prayagraj is

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captured Benares. However, Ghori's historians never noticed it.

1258:

pilgrimage at Prayag, as recommended in the ancient Hindu texts.

1250: 1140: 1067: 872: 778: 739: 482: 13977:, by Arvind Krishna Mehrotra. Published by Penguin Books, 2007. 13939:

Subah of Allahabad Under the Great Mughals, 1580–1707: 1580–1707

13879:. Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. pp. 12692:

Educational Administration And Management:An Integrated Approach

11310: 9797:"Allahabad museum to document flora, fauna of Ganga-Yamuna belt" 8893:

Middle Land, Middle Way: A Pilgrim's Guide to the Buddha's India

8791:

The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture, Volume 3

5262:, the longest Waterway in India, connects Prayagraj and Haldia. 3267:

Prayagraj division, comprising four districts, is headed by the

1688:

to Allahabad (where it remained for 20 years). In January 1858,

19137: 19062: 19017: 19007: 19002: 18972: 18921: 18906: 18901: 17871: 17866: 17650: 17645: 17565: 17560: 17550: 17541: 17490: 17439: 17429: 17398: 17393: 17384: 17379: 17347: 16972: 16937: 16636: 16481: 16455: 16437: 16417: 16253: 16236: 16207: 16079: 16069: 15921: 15813: 15629: 15450: 15365: 15355: 15250: 15195: 15150: 15115: 15085: 15069: 15024: 14122: 14117: 13929:, by Ujagir Singh. Published by Banaras Hindu University, 1966. 9031:"Work for renovating ghats of Allahabad commemces[sic]" 6254: 6246: 5631: 5627: 5567: 5177: 5151: 5096: 5080: 5013: 5009: 5005: 4740: 4736: 4728: 4720: 3432:, whereas the current municipal commissioner is Avinash Singh. 3320: 2834: 2818: 2774:

sanctuary in Prayagraj along with a River Biodiversity Park at

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Rain from the Bay of Bengal or the Arabian Sea branches of the

1977: 1969: 1933: 1929: 1776: 1551: 1240: 1232: 1194: 1144: 1114:–300 CE) mentions a bathing pilgrimage at Prayag as a means of 912: 758: 754: 582: 12341:"India, US to set up task force to develop three Smart Cities" 12251:"Modi-Obama meet: US to help India develop three smart cities" 11637: 9438:"Average monthly precipitation over the year (rainfall, snow)" 7507:

The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective

7113:

The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective

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and others which are relatively new and were built during the

1557:

Shah Alam spent six years in the Allahabad fort and after the

1143:

with various legends, including being one of the places where

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WHO Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database (update 2016)

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Emperors of the Peacock Throne: The Saga of the Great Mughals

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Board of High School and Intermediate Education Uttar Pradesh

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officer of high seniority. The current mayor of Prayagraj is

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longitude (25.15°N 82.58°E) is near the city. According to a

1989: 1905: 1562: 1405: 1341: 1334: 1214: 1201:

Inscription evidence from the famed Ashoka edicts containing

1148: 1005: 957: 918: 817: 774: 743: 735: 710:. The city is the judicial capital of Uttar Pradesh with the 647: 502: 265: 14011: 12430:"City's smart journey to begin with riverfront along Yamuna" 12046: 11785:"Invitation card gives Mayor a miss, Congmen stall ceremony" 11453:

Railways (India): return to an order from any correspondence

10838:"Bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh" 9630:"Climatological Information – Prayagraj (Allahabad) (42474)" 8787: 8580: 8002: