Halloween - Knowledge

3842:) and practised customs which were usually associated with 31 December. In fact the flimsy nature of all this evidence ought to have been apparent from the start. The divinatory and purificatory rituals on 31 October could be explained by a connection to the most eerie of Christian feasts (All Saints) or by the fact that they ushered in the most dreaded of seasons. The many "Hog-unnaa" customs were also widely practised on the conventional New Year's Eve, and Rhys was uncomfortably aware that they might simply have been transferred, in recent years, from then Hallowe'en, to increase merriment and fundraising on the latter. He got round this problem by asserting that in his opinion (based upon no evidence at all) the transfer had been the other way round." ... Hutton points out that Rhy's unsubstantiated notions were further popularised by Frazer who used them to support an idea of his own, that Samhain, as well as being the origin of Halloween, had also been a pagan Celtic feast of the dead—a notion used to account for the element of ghosts, witches and other unworldly spirits commonly featured within Halloween. ... Halloween's preoccupation with the netherworld and with the supernatural owes more to the Christian festival of All Saints or All Souls, rather than vice versa. 5233:

All Souls' Day would have emphasized visitations from the spirit world over the motifs of spirits and fairies. ... The baking and sharing of souls cakes was introduced around the 15th century: in some cultures, the poor would go door to door to collect them in exchange for praying for the dead (a practice called souling), often carrying lanterns made of hollowed-out turnips. Around the 16th century, the practice of going house to house in disguise (a practice called guising) to ask for food began and was often accompanied by recitation of traditional verses (a practice called mumming). Wearing costumes, another tradition, has many possible explanations, such as it was done to confuse the spirits or souls who visited the earth or who rose from local graveyards to engage in what was called a Danse Macabre, basically a large party among the dead.

1810:" was prevalent in Scotland and Ireland at Halloween by the late 19th century. A Scottish term, the tradition is called "guising" because of the disguises or costumes worn by the children. In Ireland and Scotland, the masks are known as 'false faces', a term recorded in Ayr, Scotland in 1890 by a Scot describing guisers: "I had mind it was Halloween . . . the wee callans (boys) were at it already, rinning aboot wi’ their fause-faces (false faces) on and their bits o’ turnip lanthrons (lanterns) in their haun (hand)". Costuming became popular for Halloween parties in the US in the early 20th century, as often for adults as for children, and when trick-or-treating was becoming popular in Canada and the US in the 1920s and 1930s. 2487: 1639: 453: 1831: 4660:

Eve. With All Souls Day on November 2, it formed the feast of Allhallowtide. All Saints Day began in fourth-century Rome as a festival honoring Christian martyrs. By the eighth century, it was expanded to all those remembered as saints, and the date of its observance was moved from May 13 to November 1. That move, of course, put it smack dab on top of Samhain in Britain. But the decision to move the date was not made in Britain; it was made in Rome, where there was no Samhain or anything like it. There is no evidence that any Samhain customs rubbed off on Halloween anywhere because there is no evidence of any Samhain customs at all.

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on a hill near its homestead, one person holding a large bunch of burning straw on the end of a fork. The rest in a circle around and prayed for the souls of relatives and friends until the flames burned out. The author who recorded this custom added that it gradually died out in the latter part of the century, but that before it had been very common and at nearby Whittingham such fires could be seen all around the horizon at Hallowe'en. He went on to say that the name 'Purgatory Field', found across northern Lancashire, testified to an even wider distribution and that the rite itself was called 'Teen'lay'.

1285: 11830: 2294: 2359: 11518: 657:. In 835, it became the official date in the Frankish Empire. Some suggest this was due to Celtic influence, while others suggest it was a Germanic idea, although it is claimed that both Germanic and Celtic-speaking peoples commemorated the dead at the beginning of winter. They may have seen it as the most fitting time to do so, as it is a time of 'dying' in nature. It is also suggested the change was made on the "practical grounds that Rome in summer could not accommodate the great number of pilgrims who flocked to it", and perhaps because of 2184:, that Halloween-themed haunted houses first began to appear in America. It was in the late 1950s that haunted houses as a major attraction began to appear, focusing first on California. Sponsored by the Children's Health Home Junior Auxiliary, the San Mateo Haunted House opened in 1957. The San Bernardino Assistance League Haunted House opened in 1958. Home haunts began appearing across the country during 1962 and 1963. In 1964, the San Manteo Haunted House opened, as well as the Children's Museum Haunted House in Indianapolis. 1076: 990: 11300: 1462: 63: 1599: 2577: 5116:'Soul-cakes,' which the rich gave to the poor at the Halloween season, in return for which the recipients prayed for the souls of the givers and their friends. And this custom became so favored in popular esteem that, for a long time, it was a regular observance in the country towns of England for small companies to go from parish to parish, begging soul-cakes by singing under the windows some such verse as this: 'Soul, souls, for a soul-cake; Pray you good mistress, a soul-cake!' 1714: 4849:. Cambridge University Press, 2013. pp. 215–216. Quote: "Soon after his election in 731, Gregory III summoned a synod to gather on 1 November in the basilica of Saint Peter's in order to respond to the policy of iconoclasm that he believed was being promoted by the Byzantine Emperor Six months later, in April of the following year, 732, the pope assembled another synod in the basilica to consecrate a new oratory dedicated to the Saviour, the Virgin Mary, and all the saints". 17403: 674: 15785: 13514: 11194: 2946:

displays. In Brittany children would play practical jokes by setting candles inside skulls in graveyards to frighten visitors. Mass transatlantic immigration in the 19th century popularized Halloween in North America, and celebration in the United States and Canada has had a significant impact on how the event is observed in other nations. This larger North American influence, particularly in iconic and commercial elements, has extended to places such as

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calendar. The Church traditionally held a vigil on All Hallows' Eve when worshippers would prepare themselves with prayers and fasting prior to the feast day itself. The name derives from the Old English 'hallowed' meaning holy or sanctified and is now usually contracted to the more familiar word Hallowe'en. ...However, there are supporters of the view that Hallowe'en, as the eve of All Saints' Day, originated entirely independently of Samhain ...

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has been adopted in many countries around the world with vast numbers involved each year from a Cathedral in India to a convent in New Zealand; from Churches in the US and Europe to Africa; in Schools, churches, homes and church halls all ages have got involved. Although it began in the Catholic Church it has been taken up by other Christians who while keeping its essentials have adapted it to suit their own traditions.

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protect people and livestock from the effects of witches, who were believed to accompany the malignant spirits as they traveld the earth. Although a rare few continued to divine the future, cast spells, and tell ghost stories in rural communities, woe to anyone who was denounced to the church for engaging in such activities. These may seem like innocent fun today, but it was deadly serious stuff during the Middle Ages.

4862:. University of Toronto Press, 2005. p. 258. Quote: "Gregory III began his reign with a synod in St Peter's (1 November 731) which formally condemned iconoclasm on the Sunday before Easter, 12 April 732, Gregory convoked yet another synod and at the synod inaugurated an oratory Dedicated to all saints, this oratory was designed to hold 'relics of the holy apostles and all the holy martyrs and confessors'". 2690: 2919:

Neopagan religions like Wicca. While the traditions of this holiday originate in Celtic countries, modern day Wiccans don't try to historically replicate Samhain celebrations. Some traditional Samhain rituals are still practised, but at its core, the period is treated as a time to celebrate darkness and the dead – a possible reason why Samhain can be confused with Halloween celebrations."

2122: 1072:; a name meaning "first day of winter". For the Celts, the day ended and began at sunset; thus the festival begins the evening before 1 November by modern reckoning. Samhain is mentioned in some of the earliest Irish literature. The names have been used by historians to refer to Celtic Halloween customs up until the 19th century, and are still the Gaelic and Welsh names for Halloween. 1698:(1919), and references souling in the chapter "Hallowe'en in America". In her book, Kelley touches on customs that arrived from across the Atlantic; "Americans have fostered them, and are making this an occasion something like what it must have been in its best days overseas. All Halloween customs in the United States are borrowed directly or adapted from those of other countries". 3958:

festzustellen. Allerheiligen war lange vor der Halloween invasion ein wichtiger Brauchtermin und ist das ncoh heute. ... So wie viele heimische Bräuche generell als fruchtbarkeitsbringend und dämonenaustreibend interpretiert werden, was trottz aller Aufklärungsarbeit nicht auszurotten ist, begegnet uns Halloween als ...heidnisches Fest. Aber es wird nicht als solches inszeniert.

1172: – they mimicked the Sun and held back the decay and darkness of winter. They were also used for divination and to ward off evil spirits. In Scotland, these bonfires and divination games were banned by the church elders in some parishes. In Wales, bonfires were also lit to "prevent the souls of the dead from falling to earth". Later, these bonfires "kept away the 2970:, Americans are expected to spend $ 12.2 billion on Halloween in 2023, up from $ 10.6 billion in 2022. Of this amount, $ 3.9 billion is projected to be spent on home decorations, up from $ 2.7 billion in 2019. The popularity of Halloween decorations has been growing in recent years, with retailers offering a wider range of increasingly elaborate and oversized decorations. 1224:) led youths house-to-house reciting verses – some of which had pagan overtones – in exchange for food. If the household donated food it could expect good fortune from the 'Muck Olla'; not doing so would bring misfortune. In Scotland, youths went house-to-house with masked, painted or blackened faces, often threatening to do mischief if they were not welcomed. 1673:—children disguised in costume going from door to door for food or coins—is a secular Halloween custom. It is recorded in Scotland at Halloween in 1895 where masqueraders in disguise carrying lanterns made out of scooped out turnips, visit homes to be rewarded with cakes, fruit, and money. In Ireland, the most popular phrase for kids to shout (until the 2000s) was " 1449:, and mendacity, Jack is refused entry to heaven when he dies. Keeping his promise, the Devil refuses to let Jack into hell and throws a live coal straight from the fires of hell at him. It was a cold night, so Jack places the coal in a hollowed out turnip to stop it from going out, since which time Jack and his lantern have been roaming looking for a place to rest. 1112:', could more easily come into this world and were particularly active. Most scholars see them as "degraded versions of ancient gods whose power remained active in the people's minds even after they had been officially replaced by later religious beliefs". They were both respected and feared, with individuals often invoking the protection of 5159:. Man & Culture, 2002. p. 108. Quote: "Soul cakes were small cakes baked as food for the deceased or offered for the salvation of their souls. They were therefore offered at funerals and feasts of the dead, laid on graves, or given to the poor as representatives of the dead. The baking of these soul cakes is a universal practice". 942:. Some suggested these 'tindles' were originally lit to "guide the poor souls back to earth". In Scotland and Ireland, old Allhallowtide customs that were at odds with Reformed teaching were not suppressed as they "were important to the life cycle and rites of passage of local communities" and curbing them would have been difficult. 5314:

believed to be the soul of an unbaptized child, who tries to lead travelers to water in hopes of receiving baptism. ... In American lore, the jack-o'-lantern is associated with withces and the Halloween custom of trick-or-treating. It is customary for trick-or-treaters to carry pumpkin jack-o'-lanterns to frighten away evil spirits.

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the spiritual lives of children: being taught about death and mortality, and the ways of the Celtic ancestors actually being a valuable life lesson and a part of many of their parishioners' heritage. Christian minister Sam Portaro wrote that Halloween is about using "humor and ridicule to confront the power of death".

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ursprünglich ein keltisch-heidnisches Totenfest. Vielmehr stamme Halloween von den britischen Inseln, der Begriff leite sich ab von "All Hallows eve", Abend vor Allerheiligen. Irische Einwanderer hätten das Fest nach Amerika gebracht, so Döring, von wo aus es als "amerikanischer" Brauch nach Europa zurückkehrte.

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The heart of the Night of Light is an all-night vigil of prayer, but there is room for children's fun too: sweets, perhaps a bonfire and dressing up as St George or St Lucy. The minimum gesture is to put a lighted candle in the window, which is in itself too exciting for some proponents of health and

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In its first year – 2000 AD – over 1000 people participated from several countries. This included special All Saints Vigil masses, extended periods of Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament and parties for children. In our second year 10,000 participated. Since these modest beginnings, the Night of Light

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Scotland and Ireland started tricking: A few decades later a practice called 'guising' was in full swing in Scotland and Ireland. Short for 'disguising', children would go out from door to door dressed in costume and rather than pledging to pray, they would tell a joke, sing a song or perform another

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Since the 16th century, costumes have become a central part of Halloween traditions. Perhaps the most common traditional Halloween costume is that of the ghost. This is likely because ... when Halloween customs began to be influenced by Catholicism, the incorporation of the themes of All Hallows' and

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sometimes conflicts with the date of Halloween; but some Hindus choose to participate in the popular customs of Halloween. Other Hindus, such as Soumya Dasgupta, have opposed the celebration on the grounds that Western holidays like Halloween have "begun to adversely affect our indigenous festivals".

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has organized a "Saint Fest" on Halloween. Similarly, many contemporary Protestant churches view Halloween as a fun event for children, holding events in their churches where children and their parents can dress up, play games, and get candy for free. To these Christians, Halloween holds no threat to

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O LORD our God, increase, we pray thee, and multiply upon us the gifts of thy grace: that we, who do prevent the glorious festival of all thy Saints, may of thee be enabled joyfully to follow them in all virtuous and godly living. Through Jesus Christ, Our Lord, who liveth and reigneth with thee, in

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in the United States. While there is evidence of such incidents, relative to the degree of reporting of such cases, actual cases involving malicious acts are extremely rare and have never resulted in serious injury. Nonetheless, many parents assumed that such heinous practices were rampant because of

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copyrighted a "Mini haunted house for the March of Dimes" in 1976 and began fundraising through their local chapters by conducting haunted houses soon after. Although they apparently quit supporting this type of event nationally sometime in the 1980s, some March of Dimes haunted houses have persisted

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or dunking (which may be called "dooking" in Scotland) in which apples float in a tub or a large basin of water and the participants must use only their teeth to remove an apple from the basin. A variant of dunking involves kneeling on a chair, holding a fork between the teeth and trying to drive the

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Elsewhere in Europe, mumming was part of other festivals, but in the Celtic-speaking regions, it was "particularly appropriate to a night upon which supernatural beings were said to be abroad and could be imitated or warded off by human wanderers". From at least the 18th century, "imitating malignant

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There is proof that this shifting of customs from one day to another really took place. For until the end of the eighteenth century, children in some Derbyshire parishes, instead of lighting bonfires with the rest of England on November 5th, lit their furze fires called 'tindles' on All Souls night.

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According to most legends, the jack-o'-lantern is a wandering soul who has been denied entry into both heaven and hell. ... In Ireland, children who are caught outdoors after dark are told to wear their jackets inside-out in order not to be lured astray by a jack-o'-lantern. In Sweden, the spirit is

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Most funerals are Lutheran, and nearly 98 percent of all funerals take place in a church. It is customary to take pictures of funerals or even videotape them. To Finns, death is a part of the cycle of life, and a funeral is another special occasion worth remembering. In fact, during All Hallow's Eve

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Die lückenhaften religionsgeschichtlichen Überlieferungen, die auf die Neuzeit begrenzte historische Dimension der Halloween-Kultausprägung, vor allem auch die Halloween-Metaphorik legen nahe, daß wir umdenken müssen: Halloween geht nicht auf das heidnische Samhain zurück, sondern steht in Bezug zum

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Halloween and the Day of the Dead share a common origin in the Christian commemoration of the dead on All Saints' and All Souls' Day. But both are thought to embody strong pre-Christian beliefs. In the case of Halloween, the Celtic celebration of Samhain is critical to its pagan legacy, a claim that

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The pre-Christian observance obviously influenced the Christian celebration of All Hallows' Eve, just as the Taoist festival affected the newer Buddhist Ullambana festival. Although the Christian version of All Saints' and All Souls' Days came to emphasize prayers for the dead, visits to graves, and

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Fires were indeed lit in England on All Saints' Day, notably in Lancashire, and may well ultimately have descended from the same rites, but were essentially party of a Christian ceremony ... families still assembled at the midnight before All Saints' Day in the early nineteenth century. Each did so

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Dr. Alois Döring ist wissenschaftlicher Referent für Volkskunde beim LVR-Institut für Landeskunde und Regionalgeschichte Bonn. Er schrieb zahlreiche Bücher über Bräuche im Rheinland, darunter das Nachschlagewerk "Rheinische Bräuche durch das Jahr". Darin widerspricht Döring der These, Halloween sei

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Hutton (1996, 363) identifies Rhys as a key figure who, along with another Oxbridge academic, James Frazer, romanticised the notion of Samhain and exaggerated its influence on Halloween. Hutton argues that Rhys had no substantiated documentary evidence for claiming that Halloween was the Celtic new

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by strings; these must be eaten without using hands while they remain attached to the string, an activity that inevitably leads to a sticky face. Another once-popular game involves hanging a small wooden rod from the ceiling at head height, with a lit candle on one end and an apple hanging from the

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has traditionally been carved during Halloween, but immigrants to North America used the native pumpkin, which is both much softer and much larger, making it easier to carve than a turnip. The American tradition of carving pumpkins is recorded in 1837 and was originally associated with harvest time

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All Saints' Day is the centerpiece of an autumn triduum. In the carnival celebrations of All Hallows' Eve our ancestors used the most powerful weapon in the human arsenal, the power of humor and ridicule to confront the power of death. The following day, in the commemoration of All Saints, we gave

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Another contributor to the custom of dressing up at Halloween was the old Irish practice of marking All Hallows' Day with religious pageants that recounted biblical events. These were common during the Middle Ages all across Europe. The featured players dressed as saints and angels, but there were

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Der Wunsch nach einer Tradition, deren Anfänge sich in grauer Vorzeit verlieren, ist bei Dachleuten wie laien gleichmäßig verbreitet. ... Abgesehen von Irrtümern wie die Herleitung des Fests in ungebrochener Tradition ("seit 2000 Jahren") ist eine mangelnde vertrautheit mit der heimischen Folklore

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It is widely believed that many Hallowe'en traditions have evolved from an ancient Celtic festival called Samhain which was Christianised by the early Church.... All Hallows' Eve falls on 31st October each year, and is the day before All Hallows' Day, also known as All Saints' Day in the Christian

2339:), which is a light fruitcake, into which a plain ring, a coin, and other charms are placed before baking. It is considered fortunate to be the lucky one who finds it. It has also been said that those who get a ring will find their true love in the ensuing year. This is similar to the tradition of 9193:

The Vigil is based on the monastic office of Vigils (or Matins), when the monks would arise in the middle of the night to pray. On major feast days, they would have an extended service of readings (scriptural, patristic, and from lives of the saints) in addition to chanting the psalms. This all

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All Hallows' Eve. A time of spiritual unrest, when the souls of the dead, along with ghosts and evil spirits, were believed to walk the land. Church bells were run and fires lit to guide these souls on their way and deflect them from haunting honest Christian folk. Barns and homes were blessed to

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The name "Halloween," of course, is a contraction of "All Hallow's Eve." That's the eve of All Saints Day, or All Hallows Day, as it was popularly known in Britain. As with Christmas Eve and the Easter vigil, the celebration of All Saints Day began with a service the night before, on All Hallow's

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The vigil of the feast is Halloween, the night when charms and incantations were powerful, when people looked into the future, and when feasting and merriment were ordained. Up to recent time this was a day of abstinence, when according to church ruling no flesh meat was allowed. Colcannon, apple

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About All Hallows Eve: Tonight is the eve of All Saints Day, the festival in the Church that recalls the faith and witness of the men and women who have come before us. The service celebrates our continuing communion with them, and memorializes the recently deceased. The early church followed the

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The traditions and importance of Halloween vary greatly among countries that observe it. In Scotland and Ireland, traditional Halloween customs include children dressing up in costume going "guising", holding parties, while other practices in Ireland include lighting bonfires, and having firework

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attractions, were unable to compete financially, and the better funded commercial enterprises filled the vacuum. Facilities that were once able to avoid regulation because they were considered to be temporary installations now had to adhere to the stricter codes required of permanent attractions.

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areas, a nocturnal Mass was said in cemeteries on Halloween night. Candles that had been blessed were placed on graves, and families sometimes spent the entire night at the graveside". Originally confined to these immigrant communities, it was gradually assimilated into mainstream society and was

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Evangelicals have found opportunities with both Christmas and Easter to use Christian candy to re-inject religion into these traditionally Christian holidays and boldly reclaim them as their own. They have increasingly begun to use Halloween, the most candy-centric holiday, as an opportunity for

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Halloween, incorporated into the Christian year as the eve of All Saints Day, marked the return of the souls of the departed and the release of devils who could move freely on that night. Fires lit on that night served to prevent the influence of such spirits and to provide omens for the future.

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writes that "Wiccans don't officially celebrate Halloween, despite the fact that 31 Oct. will still have a star beside it in any good Wiccan's day planner. Starting at sundown, Wiccans celebrate a holiday known as Samhain. Samhain actually comes from old Celtic traditions and is not exclusive to

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on 1 November, some neopagans do enjoy Halloween festivities, stating that one can observe both "the solemnity of Samhain in addition to the fun of Halloween". Some neopagans are opposed to the celebration of Hallowe'en, stating that it "trivializes Samhain", and "avoid Halloween, because of the

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Up until the 19th century, the Halloween bonfires were also used for divination in parts of Scotland, Wales and Brittany. When the fire died down, a ring of stones would be laid in the ashes, one for each person. In the morning, if any stone was mislaid it was said that the person it represented

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Villagers were also encouraged to masquerade on this day, not to frighten unwelcome spirits, but to honor Christian saints. On All Saints' Day, churches throughout Europe and the British Isles displayed relics of their patron saints. Poor churches could not afford genuine relics and instead had

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produced between the turn of the 20th century and the 1920s commonly show children but not trick-or-treating. Trick-or-treating does not seem to have become a widespread practice in North America until the 1930s, with the first US appearances of the term in 1934, and the first use in a national

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All Hallows' Eve falls on 31st October each year, and is the day before All Hallows' Day, also known as All Saints' Day in the Christian calendar. The Church traditionally held a vigil on All Hallows' Eve when worshippers would prepare themselves with prayers and fasting prior to the feast day

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Several of the traditional activities from Ireland and Britain involve foretelling one's future partner or spouse. An apple would be peeled in one long strip, then the peel tossed over the shoulder. The peel is believed to land in the shape of the first letter of the future spouse's name. Two

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at Six Flags Great Adventure caught fire. As a result of the fire, eight teenagers perished. The backlash to the tragedy was a tightening of regulations relating to safety, building codes and the frequency of inspections of attractions nationwide. The smaller venues, especially the nonprofit

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to ward off evil spirits, organizing community feasts, and even encouraging carnival practices like costumes, the medieval and early modern traditions of "Hallowtide" fit well with our modern holiday. So what does this all mean? It means that when we celebrate Halloween, we are definitely

1932:, these rituals were done by a "rare few" in rural communities as they were considered to be "deadly serious" practices. In recent centuries, these divination games have been "a common feature of the household festivities" in Ireland and Britain. They often involve apples and hazelnuts. In 9836:

While some Christians aren't certain what to make of Halloween – unsure whether to embrace or ignore all the goblins and ghoulishness – some evangelical churches use Oct. 31 as a day to evangelize. ...Some use trick-or-treating as an evangelistic opportunity, giving out Bible tracts with

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witness to the victory of incarnate goodness embodied in remarkable deeds and doers triumphing over the misanthropy of darkness and devils. And in the commemoration of All Souls we proclaimed the hope of common mortality expressed in our aspirations and expectations of a shared eternity.

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would be baked; the person would eat it in three bites and then go to bed in silence without anything to drink. This is said to result in a dream in which their future spouse offers them a drink to quench their thirst. Unmarried women were told that if they sat in a darkened room and

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All Hallow's Eve was a Western (Anglo) Christian holiday that revolved around commemorating the dead using humor to intimidate death itself. Like all holidays, All Hallow's Eve involved traditional treats. The church encouraged an abstinence from meat, which created many vegetarian

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While the first reference to "guising" in North America occurs in 1911, another reference to ritual begging on Halloween appears, place unknown, in 1915, with a third reference in Chicago in 1920. The earliest known use in print of the term "trick or treat" appears in 1927, in the

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would be done in the dark, of course, and was an opportunity to listen carefully to the Word of God as well as the words of the Church Fathers and great saints. The Vigil of All Saints is an adaptation of this ancient practice, using the canonical office of Compline at the end.

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Polish Catholics taught their children to pray out loud as they walked through the woods so that the souls of the dead could hear them and be comforted. Priests in tiny Spanish villages still ring their church bells to remind parishioners to honor the dead on All Hallows

2136: 1025:, writes that "there was throughout Ireland an uneasy truce existing between customs and beliefs associated with Christianity and those associated with religions that were Irish before Christianity arrived". The origins of Halloween customs are typically linked to the 2324:

the mass media. At the peak of the hysteria, some hospitals offered free X-rays of children's Halloween hauls in order to find evidence of tampering. Virtually all of the few known candy poisoning incidents involved parents who poisoned their own children's candy.

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safety. The inventor of the Night of Light is Damian Stayne, the founder of a year-round religious community called Cor et Lumen Christi – heart and light of Christ. This new movement is Catholic, orthodox and charismatic – emphasising the work of the Holy Spirit.

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the word Halloween means 'holy evening' and comes from All Hallow's Eve? Traditionally it is the fast day before the feast days of All Saints (1 Nov) and All Souls (2 Nov) which are opportunities to celebrate the saints and remember those who have departed this

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One that has grown over the past decade is the so-called Night of Light, on All Hallows' Eve, October 31. It was invented in 2000, in leafy Chertsey, Surrey, when perhaps 1,000 people took part. Now it is a worldwide movement, popular in Africa and the United

5628:, a hideous dance by the spirits of the dead who arose from the churchyards for a wild carnival each year. This dance, commonly depicted on the walls of cathedrals, monasteries and cemeteries, may well be the origin of the macabre costumes we don on Halloween. 3808:

Time out of time', when the barriers between this world and the next were down, the dead returned from the grave, and gods and strangers from the underworld walked abroad was a twice- yearly reality, on dates Christianised as All Hallows' Eve and All Hallows'

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A popular variant of trick-or-treating, known as trunk-or-treating (or Halloween tailgating), occurs when "children are offered treats from the trunks of cars parked in a church parking lot", or sometimes, a school parking lot. In a trunk-or-treat event, the

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believes this could have been a Christianization of an earlier pagan custom. Many Christians in mainland Europe, especially in France, believed "that once a year, on Hallowe'en, the dead of the churchyards rose for one wild, hideous carnival" known as the

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of All Hallows' Eve was redefined: "souls cannot be journeying from Purgatory on their way to Heaven, as Catholics frequently believe and assert. Instead, the so-called ghosts are thought to be in actuality evil spirits". Other Protestants believed in an

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should not participate in Halloween, stating that "participation in Halloween is worse than participation in Christmas, Easter, ... it is more sinful than congratulating the Christians for their prostration to the crucifix". It has also been ruled to be

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year, but inferred it from contemporary folklore in Wales and Ireland. Moreover, he argues that Rhys: "thought that was vindicated when he paid a subsequent visit to the Isle of Man and found its people sometimes called 31 October New Year's Night (

1749:. Trunk-or-treating has grown in popularity due to its perception as being more safe than going door to door, a point that resonates well with parents, as well as the fact that it "solves the rural conundrum in which homes built a half-mile apart". 1997:

hazelnuts would be roasted near a fire; one named for the person roasting them and the other for the person they desire. If the nuts jump away from the heat, it is a bad sign, but if the nuts roast quietly it foretells a good match. A salty oatmeal

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However, there are supporters of the view that Hallowe'en, as the eve of All Saints' Day, originated entirely independently of Samhain and some question the existence of a specific pan-Celtic religious festival which took place on 31st October/1st

1203:

in Ireland, Scotland, the Isle of Man and Wales. This involved people going house-to-house in costume (or in disguise), usually reciting verses or songs in exchange for food. It may have originally been a tradition whereby people impersonated the

8288:(spirits of dead children) to come back for a visit. November 1 is All Saints Day, and the adult spirits will come to visit. November 2 is All Souls Day, when the families go to the cemetery to decorate the graves and tombs of their relatives. 3921:

Die Kelten haben gar nichts mit Halloween zu tun", entkräftet Stefan Moser, Direktor des Keltenmuseums Hallein, einen weit verbreiteten Mythos. Moser sieht die Ursprünge von Halloween insgesamt in einem christlichen Brauch, nicht in einem

3883:

It is the medieval Christian festivals of All Saints' and All Souls' that provide our firmest foundation for Halloween. From emphasizing dead souls (both good and evil), to decorating skeletons, lighting candles for processions, building

965:. In the same country, "parish priests went house-to-house, asking for small gifts of food which they shared among themselves throughout that night". In Spain, they continue to bake special pastries called "bones of the holy" (Spanish: 5683:

Sometimes enacted as at village pageants, the danse macabre was also performed as court masques, the courtiers dressing up as corpses from various strata of society...both the name and the observance began liturgically as All Hallows'

1610:

or sometimes money, with the question, "Trick or treat?" The word "trick" implies a "threat" to perform mischief on the homeowners or their property if no treat is given. The practice is said to have roots in the medieval practice of

9164:"The vigil of the hallows" refers to the prayer service the evening before the celebration of All Hallows or Saints Day. Or "Halloween" for short – a fixture on the liturgical calendar of the Christian West since the seventh century. 7266:

sort of "trick" in exchange for food or money. The expression trick or treat has only been used at front doors for the last 10 to 15 years. Before that "Help the Halloween Party" seems to have been the most popular phrase to holler.

3293:

All Hallow's Eve, which later became known as Halloween, is celebrated on the night before All Saints' Day, November 1. Use this simple prayer service in conjunction with Halloween festivities to mark the Christian roots of this

1896:, 30 million Americans will spend an estimated $ 480 million on Halloween costumes for their pets in 2018. This is up from an estimated $ 200 million in 2010. The most popular costumes for pets are the pumpkin, followed by the 1228:

suggests the ancient festival included people in costume representing the spirits, and that faces were marked or blackened with ashes from the sacred bonfire. In parts of Wales, men went about dressed as fearsome beings called

922:(5 November), which appropriated some of its customs. In England, the ending of official ceremonies related to the intercession of saints led to the development of new, unofficial Hallowtide customs. In 18th–19th century rural 8489: 8450: 9740: 5511:

also plenty of roles for demons who had more fun, capering, acting devilish, and playing to the crows. The pageant began inside the church, then moved by procession to the churchyard, where it continued long into the night.

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Rather than compete, liturgy planners would do well to consider ways of including children in the celebration of these vigil Masses. For example, children might be encouraged to wear Halloween costumes representing their

788:: "It was traditionally believed that the souls of the departed wandered the earth until All Saints' Day, and All Hallows' Eve provided one last chance for the dead to gain vengeance on their enemies before moving to the 10278: 1876:

was begun in 1974; it is the world's largest Halloween parade and America's only major nighttime parade, attracting more than 60,000 costumed participants, two million spectators, and a worldwide television audience.

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This service may be used on the evening of October 31, known as All Hallows' Eve. Suitable festivities and entertainments may take place before or after this service, and a visit may be made to a cemetery or burial

2716:

in Rome, has said, "if English and American children like to dress up as witches and devils on one night of the year that is not a problem. If it is just a game, there is no harm in that." In more recent years, the

739:, especially the souls of the givers' friends and relatives. This was called "souling". Soul cakes were also offered for the souls themselves to eat, or the 'soulers' would act as their representatives. As with the 8688: 7018: 5281:

Modern children go from house to house at Halloween with flashlights powered by electric batteries, while jack o'lanterns (perhaps with an actual candle, but often with a lightbulb) glow from windows and porches.

953:. In 19th-century Italy, churches staged "theatrical re-enactments of scenes from the lives of the saints" on All Hallow's Day, with "participants represented by realistic wax figures". In 1823, the graveyard of 4601:

Of the stated rustic festivals peculiar to Scotland the most important was Hallowe'en, a contraction for All-hallow Evening, or the evening of All-Saints Day, the annual return of which was a season for joy and

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All Hallows' Eve, holy or hallowed evening observed on October 31, the eve of All Saints' Day. The Irish pre-Christian observances influenced the Christian festival of All Hallows' Eve, celebrated on the same

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The feasts of Hallowe'en, or All Hallows Eve and the devotions to the dead on All Saints' and All Souls' Day are both mixtures of old Celtic, Druid and other pagan customs intertwined with Christian practice.

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to ensure the people and livestock survived the winter. Offerings of food and drink, or portions of the crops, were left outside for them. The souls of the dead were also said to revisit their homes seeking

372:

immigrants took many Halloween customs to North America in the 19th century, and then through American influence various Halloween customs spread to other countries by the late 20th and early 21st century.

1817:, offers a religious perspective to the wearing of costumes on All Hallows' Eve, suggesting that by dressing up as creatures "who at one time caused us to fear and tremble", people are able to poke fun at 10044: 6837: 3211:

Halloween or Hallowe'en, is the yearly celebration on October 31st that signifies the first day of Allhallowtide, being the time to remember the dead, including martyrs, saints and all faithful departed

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on Halloween night, the face of their future husband would appear in the mirror. The custom was widespread enough to be commemorated on greeting cards from the late 19th century and early 20th century.

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In October 1832 Daniel Maclise attended a Halloween party in Blarney, Ireland and, the next summer, exhibited a painting at London's Royal Academy of Arts, titled "Snap Apple Night, or All Hallow Eve."

1971:

The following activities were a common feature of Halloween in Ireland and Britain during the 17th–20th centuries. Some have become more widespread and continue to be popular today. One common game is

3457:

Originally celebrated as the night before All Saints' Day, Christians chose November first to honor their many saints. The night before was called All Saints' Eve or hallowed eve meaning holy evening.

1666:

and is practiced on All Hallow's Eve among children in rural areas. People drape themselves in white cloths to represent souls and then visit houses, where they sing in return for prayers and sweets.

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Other Christians will opt for Halloween alternatives called 'Harvest Festivals', 'Hallelujah Night' or 'Reformation Festivals' – the kids dress up as farmers, Bible characters, or Reformation heroes.

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By the early 20th century, Halloween, like Christmas, was commercialized. Pre-made costumes, decorations and special candy all became available. The Christian origins of the holiday were downplayed.

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At one time, candy apples were commonly given to trick-or-treating children, but the practice rapidly waned in the wake of widespread rumors that some individuals were embedding items like pins and

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participating in a tradition with deep historical roots. But, while those roots are firmly situated in the medieval Christian past, their historical connection to "paganism" is rather more tenuous.

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Foods such as cakes will often be decorated with Halloween colors (typically black, orange, and purple) and motifs for parties and events. Popular themes include pumpkins, spiders, and body parts.

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In England, from the medieval period, up until the 1930s, people practiced the Christian custom of souling on Halloween, which involved groups of soulers, both Protestant and Catholic, going from

9407:

Christianity needs to make clear its positive message for young people. It's high time we reclaimed the Christian aspects of Halloween," says the Bishop, explaining the background to his letter.

7573: 792:. In order to avoid being recognized by any soul that might be seeking such vengeance, people would don masks or costumes". In the Middle Ages, churches in Europe that were too poor to display 6254:

They were both respected and feared. "Their backs towards us, their faces away from us, and may God and Mary save us from harm," was a prayer spoken whenever one ventured near their dwellings.

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in Christianity, in the sense that prayers are said for both "martyrs and for one's own family". Nevertheless, many American Jews celebrate Halloween, disconnected from its Christian origins.

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were lit and there were rituals involving them. Their flames, smoke, and ashes were deemed to have protective and cleansing powers. In some places, torches lit from the bonfire were carried

543:

Halloween is thought to have influences from Christian beliefs and practices. The English word 'Halloween' comes from "All Hallows' Eve", being the evening before the Christian holy days of

9570:

evangelism. Contained in small packages featuring Bible verses, Scripture Candy's "Harvest Seeds" – candy corn in everything but name – are among many candies created for this purpose.

7772: 2557:. After the service, "suitable festivities and entertainments" often follow, as well as a visit to the graveyard or cemetery, where flowers and candles are often placed in preparation for 10357: 8782: 8057: 773:, where they were called "soul lights", that served "to guide the souls back to visit their earthly homes". In many of these places, candles were also lit at graves on All Souls' Day. In 9244: 981:, there was a procession to the city cemetery at Allhallowtide, an event that drew beggars who "appeal to the tender recollections of one's deceased relations and friends" for sympathy. 5899:

And even then, the educated folk of the districts concerned, declared that these fires were a relic of papistical days when they were lit at night to guide the poor souls back to earth.

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Trick-or-treating began as souling an English and Irish tradition in which the poor, wearing masks, would go door to door and beg for soul cakes in exchange for people's dead relatives.

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dressed in black to parade the streets, ringing a bell of mournful sound and calling on all good Christians to remember the poor souls". The Allhallowtide custom of baking and sharing

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experienced a surge in attendance in the 1990s as a result of America's obsession with Halloween as a cultural event. Theme parks have played a major role in globalizing the holiday.

3180: 2107:(with the specials usually aimed at children) are commonly aired on or before Halloween, while new horror films are often released before Halloween to take advantage of the holiday. 10326: 3965: 9736: 8755: 3280: 2088: – and portions of it served out at random. A person's future would be foretold by the item they happened to find; for example, a ring meant marriage and a coin meant wealth. 11728: 7638: 7252: 5476:

processions in which parishioners dressed as saints, angels and devils. It served the new church by giving an acceptable Christian basis to the custom of dressing up on Halloween.

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In Ireland, dishes based on potatoes and other vegetables were associated with Halloween, as meat was forbidden during the Catholic vigil and fast leading up to All Saint's Day.

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because of its alleged pagan roots stating "Halloween is celebrated using a humorous theme mixed with horror to entertain and resist the spirit of death that influence humans".

1528:

compositions; skulls have therefore been commonplace in Halloween, which touches on this theme. Traditionally, the back walls of churches are "decorated with a depiction of the

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of milk were poured on the graves of kinfolk, or food would be left overnight on the dinner table for the returning souls; a custom also found in Tyrol and parts of Italy.

731:

souls, has been suggested as the origin of trick-or-treating. The custom dates back at least as far as the 15th century and was found in parts of England, Wales, Flanders,

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in order to remind their congregants to remember the dead on All Hallows' Eve. In Ireland, and among immigrants in Canada, a custom includes the Christian practice of

1532:, complete with graves opening and the dead rising, with a heaven filled with angels and a hell filled with devils", a motif that has permeated the observance of this 13222: 7799: 7223:

The tradition continued in some areas of northern England as late as the 1930s, with children going from door to door "souling" for cakes or money by singing a song.

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The Dictionary of Religion: An Encyclopedia of Christian and Other Religious Doctrines, Denominations, Sects, Heresies, Ecclesiastical Terms, History, Biography, Etc

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neighborhood in 1950 and expanded nationally in 1952, the program involves the distribution of small boxes by schools (or in modern times, corporate sponsors like

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In Protestant regions souling remained an important occasion for soliciting food and money from rich neighbors in preparation for the coming cold and dark months.

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events at its parks in Paris, Hong Kong and Tokyo, as well as in the United States. The theme park haunts are by far the largest, both in scale and attendance.

12439: 11938: 1584:, which have been long associated with witches, are also a common symbol of Halloween. Black, orange, and sometimes purple are Halloween's traditional colors. 769:

were used to ward off evil spirits. On All Saints' and All Souls' Day during the 19th century, candles were lit in homes in Ireland, Flanders, Bavaria, and in

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Halloween, a holiday with religious origins but increasingly secularized as celebrated in America, came to assume major proportions as a children's festivity.

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in the 19th century that Halloween became a major holiday in America. Most American Halloween traditions were inherited from the Irish and Scots, though "In

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Christian leaders made old Celtic and Roman customs into new Christian ones. Bonfires were once lighted against evil spirits. Now, they kept away the devil.

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has sometimes been compared to Halloween, in part due to some observants wearing costumes, especially of Biblical figures described in the Purim narrative.

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My folks are Polish and they celebrate Halloween in a different way. It is time to remember your dead and visit the cemetery and graves of your loved ones.

8666: 7052: 1212:'. Impersonating these beings, or wearing a disguise, was also believed to protect oneself from them. In parts of southern Ireland, the guisers included a 9394: 8147: 7290:(in Scotland and N England) the practice or custom of disguising oneself in fancy dress, often with a mask, and visiting people's houses, esp at Halloween 6741: 4279: 2502:

out loud as they walk through the forests in order that the souls of the dead might find comfort; in Spain, Christian priests in tiny villages toll their

693:

On All Hallows' Eve, Christians in some parts of the world visit cemeteries to pray and place flowers and candles on the graves of their loved ones. Top:

15642: 14241: 8301: 7326: 2507: 15611:(federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to a specific 10400: 9784: 17323: 14323: 13543: 7875: 2154:

Haunted attractions are entertainment venues designed to thrill and scare patrons. Most attractions are seasonal Halloween businesses that may include

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More subtly, images associated with the danse macabre persist in the form of skeletons and other scary regalia found on children's Halloween costumes.

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apples or taffy apples are common Halloween treats made by rolling whole apples in a sticky sugar syrup, sometimes followed by rolling them in nuts.

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rituals and games intended to foretell one's future, especially regarding death and marriage. Apples and nuts were often used, and customs included

13270: 13104: 8541: 15652: 10145: 9587: 8805: 8019: 7776: 2882:, during which Hindus pay homage to and perform a ceremony "to keep the souls of their ancestors at rest". It is celebrated in the Hindu month of 765:(1593). While souling, Christians would carry "lanterns made of hollowed-out turnips", which could have originally represented souls of the dead; 17180: 13159: 11714: 11332: 10066: 8117: 3709: 1619:. John Pymm wrote that "many of the feast days associated with the presentation of mumming plays were celebrated by the Christian Church." These 9903: 9236: 8778: 8049: 15612: 15036: 13210: 13175: 13147: 9308:

notes that "suitable festivities and entertainments" may precede of follow the service, and there may be a visit to a cemetery or burial place.

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Vigils were kept at least till midnight before the feasts of martyrs, and those of Easter Eve and Christmas Eve were prolonged till cock-crow.

1606:

Trick-or-treating is a customary celebration for children on Halloween. Children go in costume from house to house, asking for treats such as

637:"of the holy apostles and of all saints, martyrs and confessors". Some sources say it was dedicated on 1 November, while others say it was on 17439: 16400: 15156: 13536: 13077: 13060: 13026: 8721: 8087: 6662:

Encyclopaedia Londinensis, or, Universal dictionary of arts, sciences, and literature, Volume 21 (John Wilkes), R. G. Gunnell and Co., p. 544

4172: 2155: 2103:, listening to Halloween-themed songs and watching horror films are common fixtures of Halloween parties. Episodes of television series and 17352: 14741: 13247: 12822: 3195: 17447: 10334: 10009: 8747: 3973: 1572:, are also prevalent. Homes are often decorated with these types of symbols around Halloween. Halloween imagery includes themes of death, 16519: 15943: 15855: 15674: 15040: 14099: 11649: 6241: 5582: 5437: 5037: 4411: 3904: 3326: 9074: 7642: 7242: 4814: 3264: 17366: 15093: 13227: 11230: 10088: 9321: 8614: 2860: 2666:

on All Hallows' Eve. Often, "Harvest Festivals" or "Reformation Festivals" are held on All Hallows' Eve, in which children dress up as

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Among the European nations the beautiful custom of lighting candles for the dead was always a part of the "All Hallow's Eve" festival.

2700:

Some Christians feel concerned about the modern celebration of Halloween because they feel it trivializes – or celebrates –

2203:, which opened in 1973. Evangelical Christians adopted a form of these attractions by opening one of the first "hell houses" in 1972. 1260:

as lanterns, often carved with grotesque faces. By those who made them, the lanterns were variously said to represent the spirits, or

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In most of Europe, Halloween is strictly a religious event. Sometimes in North America the church's traditions are lost or confused.

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or their favorite saint, clearly adding a new level of meaning to the Halloween celebrations and the celebration of All Saints' Day.

2682:, stated that around 3 million gospel tracts are ordered from them alone for Hallowe'en celebrations. Others order Halloween-themed 17185: 15821: 14837: 14592: 13132: 11406: 11337: 9664: 4768: 2263: 2222:, Ohio. It was last produced in 1982. Other Jaycees followed suit with their own versions after the success of the Ohio house. The 902:, or ringing church bells for the dead; the Anglican church eventually suppressed this bell-ringing. Mark Donnelly, a professor of 10449: 10246: 8950: 7664: 3503:

Hallowtide covers the three days – 31 October (All-Hallows Eve or Hallowe'en), 1 November (All Saints) and 2 November (All Souls).

2173:, England. This attraction actually most closely resembles a carnival fun house, powered by steam. The House still exists, in the 1516:

in the Christian tradition, serves as "a reminder of death and the transitory quality of human life" and is consequently found in

1252:. Wearing costumes and playing pranks at Halloween did not spread to England until the 20th century. Pranksters used hollowed-out 17357: 16381: 16170: 13755: 13623: 13316: 12800: 11454: 9722: 7722: 6989: 4200:

Jewish custom that a new day began at sundown; thus, feasts and festivals in the church were observed beginning the night before.

3498: 3383: 1509: 9924: 6425: 6401: 5869: 4935: 839:, with people "dressing up as corpses from various strata of society", and this may be the origin of Halloween costume parties. 17967: 16531: 16415: 16075: 15032: 13784: 13242: 13154: 11416: 11264: 6862:, 1837: Hide it under thy cloak, say'st thou? Why, it will gleam through the holes, and make thee look like a jack-o'-lantern! 1873: 1861:, a United Nations Programme that provides humanitarian aid to children in developing countries. Started as a local event in a 1838: 1040:

in the medieval Gaelic calendar and has been celebrated on 31 October – 1 November in Ireland, Scotland and the

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Quote: "Trick or treat?" the youthful mischief-maker will say this evening, probably, as he rings the doorbell of a neighbor."

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disagrees provided the celebration is not referred to as an 'eid' and that behaviour remains in line with Islamic principles.

1337:

celebrated coast to coast by people of all social, racial, and religious backgrounds by the early 20th century. Then, through

17333: 16364: 15462: 15214: 14871: 14203: 13925: 10972: 10681: 10595: 9703: 9562: 9331: 9285: 9068: 9013: 8986: 8433: 8405: 8277: 8239: 7840: 7216: 7188: 7028: 6696: 6490: 6235: 5940: 5849: 5758: 5718: 5649: 5617: 5576: 5503: 5468: 5431: 5400: 5306: 5273: 5225: 5178: 5137: 5004: 4747: 4652: 4453: 4405: 4370: 4317: 4249: 4144: 4119: 3950: 3830: 3794: 3752: 3682: 3644: 3528: 3436: 3320: 3274: 3240: 3055: 3045: 2104: 1791:, and devils. Over time, the costume selection extended to include popular characters from fiction, celebrities, and generic 930:

while the rest knelt around him, praying for the souls of relatives and friends until the flames went out. This was known as

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Like the perennial favourites, hot cross buns; they were often marked with a cross to indicate that they were baked as alms.

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Halloween (All Hallows Eve). The name given to October 31, the eve of the Christian festival of All Saints Day (November 1).

735:. Groups of poor people, often children, would go door-to-door during Allhallowtide, collecting soul cakes, in exchange for 17235: 16618: 16504: 15634: 14333: 12923: 10300: 7351: 6887: 6872: 2827:

Jeffrey Goldwasser has said that "There is no religious reason why contemporary Jews should not celebrate Halloween" while

2773:

on the Western observance of All Hallows' Eve, out of the pastoral need to provide an alternative to popular celebrations.

2718: 38: 15284: 7011: 4791:

Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations, Volume 1

3570: 3517:

Don't Know Much About Mythology: Everything You Need to Know About the Greatest Stories in Human History but Never Learned

17: 16573: 16486: 16443: 14443: 14437: 13801: 13127: 12928: 12325: 10740: 10422: 3659:

the role of the living assuring the safe passage to heaven of their departed loved ones, older notions never disappeared.

2561:. In England, Light Parties are organized by churches after worship services on Halloween with the focus on Jesus as the 954: 9737:"Catholic Elementary Schools to Celebrate Halloween with Costume Parades on Friday, October 28 & Monday, October 31" 9512: 9423: 7195:

The practice of dressing up and going door to door for treats dates back to the middle ages and the practice of souling.

1821:"whose kingdom has been plundered by our Saviour". Images of skeletons and the dead are traditional decorations used as 1317:

strongly opposed the holiday, along with other traditional celebrations of the established Church, including Christmas.

17338: 17102: 17005: 16499: 16410: 16185: 15988: 15948: 15936: 15931: 15919: 15847: 15620: 12281: 11813: 11603: 11342: 10950: 6871:

As late as 1900, an article on Thanksgiving entertaining recommended a lit jack-o'-lantern as part of the festivities.

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is depicted: the young woman, looking into a mirror in a darkened room, hopes to catch a glimpse of her future husband.

420:. Some people practice the Christian observances of All Hallows' Eve, including attending church services and lighting 417: 9206: 8584: 7833:

Medieval Celebrations: Your Guide to Planning and Hosting Spectacular Feasts, Parties, Weddings, and Renaissance Fairs

5793:

Medieval Celebrations: Your Guide to Planning and Hosting Spectacular Feasts, Parties, Weddings, and Renaissance Fairs

2753:. Others consider Halloween to be completely incompatible with the Christian faith due to its putative origins in the 2674:. In addition to distributing candy to children who are trick-or-treating on Hallowe'en, many Christians also provide 800:

at Allhallowtide let parishioners dress up as saints instead. Some Christians observe this custom at Halloween today.

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would not live out the year. In Mexico, children create altars to invite the spirits of deceased children to return (

884: 17894:

indicates major holidays commonly celebrated in Algeria, which often represent the major celebrations of the month.

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A History of the Scottish People from the Earliest Times: From the Union of the kingdoms, 1706, to the present time

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A Halloween cake decorated with ghosts, spider webs, skulls and long bones, and spiders. The cake is topped with a

2169:

The first recorded purpose-built haunted attraction was the Orton and Spooner Ghost House, which opened in 1915 in

867: 10703: 9143: 4437: 3357: 1361:

At Halloween, yards, public spaces, and some houses may be decorated with traditionally macabre symbols including

1341:, these Halloween traditions spread to many other countries by the late 20th and early 21st century, including to 1321:

of the late 18th and early 19th century give no indication that Halloween was widely celebrated in North America.

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The first Halloween haunted house run by a nonprofit organization was produced in 1970 by the Sycamore-Deer Park

1264:

evil spirits. They were common in parts of Ireland and the Scottish Highlands in the 19th century, as well as in

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Catholic school chiefs have insisted that the extended Halloween holiday must not be stretched out any further.

8139: 6733: 5964: 2667: 2486: 2116: 926:, Catholic families gathered on hills on the night of All Hallows' Eve. One held a bunch of burning straw on a 413: 166: 8309: 1952:

were associated with divine wisdom. Some also suggest that they derive from Roman practices in celebration of

1136:

Throughout Ireland and Britain, especially in the Celtic-speaking regions, the household festivities included

17614: 16608: 16317: 16231: 15788: 14393: 13921: 13446: 10641: 10390: 5956: 3150: 3070: 1741:(boot) of each automobile is decorated with a certain theme, such as those of children's literature, movies, 875: 556: 7872: 4701:

New Proclamation Commentary on Feasts, Holy Days, and Other Celebrations (Bill Doggett, Gordon W. Lathrop),

1674: 957:

in Rome presented a scene in which bodies of those who recently died were arrayed around a wax statue of an

17972: 17952: 17789: 17520: 17425: 17265: 16583: 16509: 16359: 16292: 16216: 16090: 16047: 15814: 15332: 15296: 15229: 15083: 14813: 14683: 13286: 13111: 12684: 12662: 12528: 12148: 12136: 12000: 11613: 11377: 11364: 11284: 9813: 7477:, on Halloween in 1934, although not by the term 'trick-or-treating'. "Front Views and Profiles" (column), 5710: 3571:"The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed (All Souls' Day) - November 02, 2021 - Liturgical Calendar" 2207: 1928:

rituals or ways of foretelling one's future, especially regarding death, marriage and children. During the

1694: 1638: 452: 6095: 2733:, such as in the United States, while schools throughout Ireland also close for the Halloween break. Many 1677:". The practice of guising at Halloween in North America was first recorded in 1911, where a newspaper in 17942: 16603: 15976: 14894: 14819: 14659: 14490: 14449: 13647: 13344: 11447: 11394: 11382: 9008:. Cookbook Delights Holiday Series. Whispering Pine Press International, Incorporated. pp. 119–138. 8451:"Knott's Scary Farm remains the ideal Southern California Halloween theme park event for the 2016 season" 8371: 2327:

One custom that persists in modern-day Ireland is the baking (or more often nowadays, the purchase) of a

2255: 2174: 761: 630: 424:

on the graves of the dead, although it is a secular celebration for others. Some Christians historically

9176: 575:

that began the night before, as did the feast of All Hallows'. These three days are collectively called

17957: 17709: 17691: 17455: 17308: 16947: 16613: 16307: 15660: 15121: 14918: 14011: 13653: 13578: 13038: 11608: 11259: 10491: 10139: 9583: 8813: 8027: 4808: 2967: 1893: 1655: 1446: 694: 31: 13587: 11299: 9899: 8109: 17937: 17927: 17015: 16871: 16591: 16405: 16327: 16312: 16297: 16145: 16080: 16042: 16032: 16022: 15882: 15480: 15320: 14912: 14783: 14311: 14207: 13205: 13065: 13031: 13021: 12679: 12463: 12131: 12126: 11962: 11669: 11372: 11216: 10960: 10945: 10867: 10713: 10479: 5609: 4644: 4558: 4519: 3010: 2629: 2243: 1854: 1662:

for the souls of the givers and their friends. In the Philippines, the practice of souling is called

1133:

formally offered for the souls of the dead. After this the eating, drinking, and games would begin".

17033: 3476: 1458:

in general, not becoming specifically associated with Halloween until the mid-to-late 19th century.

17260: 16390: 16004: 15290: 14985: 14888: 14865: 14538: 14235: 13929: 13593: 13499: 12918: 12716: 12356: 12302: 12194: 11695: 11659: 11644: 11274: 10965: 9476:. The General Board of Discipleship of The United Methodist Church. 21 October 2005. Archived from 6511:"From turnips to potatoes to pumpkins: Irish folklife expert says Jack-O-Lanterns began in Ireland" 4860:

Ritual and the Rood: Liturgical Images and the Old English Poems of the Dream of the Rood Tradition

3040: 2864: 2734: 1981:

other. The rod is spun round, and everyone takes turns to try to catch the apple with their teeth.

1924:

There are several games traditionally associated with Halloween. Some of these games originated as

1498: 911: 888: 615: 14381: 14363: 8079: 2729:, Halloween's Christian connection is acknowledged, and Halloween celebrations are common in many 2595:

have chosen to emphasize the Christian traditions associated with All Hallow's Eve. Some of these

2238:

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, theme parks became a notable figure in the Halloween business.

1830: 1631:. Mumming practiced in Germany, Scandinavia and other parts of Europe, involved masked persons in 17947: 17621: 17328: 17277: 16993: 16745: 16494: 16354: 16160: 16105: 16095: 16062: 15895: 15807: 15486: 15278: 14825: 14403: 14258: 13472: 13339: 13094: 12651: 12588: 12578: 12268: 12258: 12120: 12067: 12050: 11805: 11795: 11289: 11254: 10835: 10733: 10623: 6012: 5841: 5815: 4833: 4681: 4563: 4524: 4445: 4183: 4046: 3613: 2883: 2758: 2347:. Halloween-themed foods are also produced by companies in the lead up to the night, for example 2287: 2259: 2247: 1624: 1466: 1422: 1406: 1221: 14665: 10506:

Halloween Merrymaking: An Illustrated Celebration Of Fun, Food, And Frolics From Halloweens Past

4241: 4235: 1179: 17922: 17348: 17225: 16851: 16371: 16226: 16115: 16066: 14765: 14432: 14426: 14214: 14154: 14081: 13969: 13937: 13617: 13099: 12968: 12913: 12844: 12789: 12616: 12593: 12583: 12253: 12090: 12072: 12062: 11766: 11440: 11359: 11065: 10794: 10605: 10395: 10081:"Fatawa – Is it forbidden for Muslims to celebrate days such as valentine's day and halloween?" 7281: 6590: 6033: 3969: 2928: 2679: 1998: 1862: 1442: 1386: 1188: 994: 977:

and services during Allhallowtide, after which people keep an all night vigil. In 19th-century

962: 859: 708: 275: 107: 14759: 11829: 9003: 8976: 6225: 5566: 5417: 5029: 4996: 4733: 4513: 4391: 4105: 3908: 3608: 3306: 3232: 1284: 17541: 17010: 16981: 16514: 15438: 15162: 14936: 14795: 14735: 14069: 14057: 13807: 13778: 13737: 13423: 12457: 11956: 11389: 11314: 10659: 10551: 9058: 7597: 6004: 5810: 5495: 5489: 5109: 4676: 4571: 4537: 3672: 3463: 2622: 2251: 2239: 2200: 2196: 1763: 1504: 1473: 1430: 1418: 1173: 789: 732: 662: 45: 14635: 10080: 9275: 8618: 4988: 4160:, or seas of light. Finns visit cemeteries and light candles in remembrance of the deceased. 3697:

has been foregrounded in recent years by both new-age enthusiasts and the evangelical Right.

572: 353: 17573: 17380: 17147: 16918: 16895: 16680: 16566: 16420: 16395: 16264: 16085: 16057: 15456: 15338: 15238: 14930: 14900: 14477: 14063: 13879: 13831: 13789: 13712: 12870: 12740: 12189: 11690: 11055: 11005: 9762: 7997: 7979: 3191: 2754: 2708:, or other practices and cultural phenomena deemed incompatible with their beliefs. Father 2671: 2320: 2144: 1290: 1272:). In the 20th century they spread to other parts of Britain and became generally known as 1157: 974: 958: 903: 820: 595:

were held by several churches on various dates, mostly in springtime. In 4th-century Roman

580: 279: 103: 14629: 8482:"These evangelical haunted houses are designed to show sinners that they're going to hell" 6455: 5419:

Traditionalists, Muslims, and Christians in Africa: Interreligious Encounters and Dialogue

3744: 2899:

There is no consistent rule or view on Halloween amongst those who describe themselves as

2358: 2293: 8: 17566: 17255: 17157: 17053: 16941: 16786: 16476: 16466: 16376: 16052: 15909: 15890: 15844: 15504: 15308: 15272: 15178: 15127: 15088: 14948: 14771: 14723: 14556: 14421: 14219: 13957: 13716: 13477: 13391: 12810: 12429: 12361: 12216: 12055: 11928: 11706: 11654: 11557: 11517: 11170: 10983: 10879: 9695: 9642: 7800:"Instagram-loving pets owners will spend nearly $ 500M on animal costumes this Halloween" 7370: 6482: 6388: 6133: 5345: 5298: 3865: 3085: 2987: 2305: 2211: 2188: 1113: 1045: 871: 863: 843: 816: 766: 756: 736: 603: 306:, and all the faithful departed. In popular culture, the day has become a celebration of 17082: 4586: 17917: 17496: 17282: 17215: 17210: 17137: 17120: 17038: 16725: 16720: 16653: 16282: 16150: 16100: 16037: 16012: 16008: 15926: 15870: 15729: 15350: 15244: 15048: 14550: 14029: 13981: 13730: 13724: 13665: 13659: 13611: 13605: 13599: 13396: 13375: 12817: 12757: 12722: 12701: 12690: 12350: 12171: 12165: 12154: 11878: 11753: 11629: 11598: 11577: 11507: 11487: 11198: 11115: 10857: 10852: 10726: 8198: 7668: 7046: 6686: 6290: 5674: 5369: 4306: 3035: 2955: 2787: 2746: 2675: 2658: 2608: 2588: 2581: 2565:. In Finland, because so many people visit the cemeteries on All Hallows' Eve to light 2562: 2558: 2530: 2363: 2344: 2055: 1953: 1738: 1394: 1342: 1273: 1249: 879: 784:

Christian minister Prince Sorie Conteh linked the wearing of costumes to the belief in

611: 552: 544: 501: 481: 393: 345: 283: 232: 150: 68: 7078:, p. 14 "Halloween is closely associated in folklore with death and the supernatural". 6981: 6774:

Dante's "Commedia" and the Poetics of Christian Catabasis (Lee Foust), ProQuest, p. 15

5553:

Descriptive Analyses of Piano Works; For the Use of Teachers, Players, and Music Clubs

2166:, and the level of sophistication of the effects has risen as the industry has grown. 17897: 17841: 17824: 17781: 17666: 17470: 17313: 17243: 16963: 16825: 16690: 16596: 16546: 16461: 16322: 16236: 15696: 15626: 15474: 15468: 15392: 15373: 15326: 14924: 14883: 14598: 14532: 13813: 13682: 13641: 13572: 13401: 13321: 13237: 12958: 12735: 12184: 11567: 11492: 11399: 11120: 11080: 11075: 11040: 10820: 10815: 10677: 10663: 10645: 10627: 10609: 10591: 10573: 10555: 10537: 10523: 10509: 10495: 10060: 9699: 9558: 9327: 9281: 9064: 9009: 8982: 8847: 8553: 8429: 8401: 8273: 8235: 8202: 8190: 7918: 7836: 7306: 7212: 7184: 7180: 7071: 7024: 6927: 6716: 6692: 6538: 6486: 6422: 6398: 6306: 6231: 6061: 6016: 5936: 5845: 5819: 5754: 5714: 5645: 5613: 5572: 5499: 5464: 5427: 5396: 5302: 5269: 5221: 5174: 5133: 5000: 4989: 4905: 4743: 4685: 4648: 4552: 4449: 4401: 4366: 4313: 4245: 4140: 4115: 4050: 3946: 3826: 3790: 3748: 3678: 3640: 3617: 3524: 3432: 3316: 3270: 3236: 3090: 3075: 2793: 2596: 2352: 2181: 1941: 1937: 1881: 1842: 1758: 1678: 1593: 1434: 1414: 1329: 1225: 1169: 1099: 1014: 626: 588: 548: 389: 377: 369: 143: 139: 16819: 16556: 10167: 10037:"Trick or treat? Fatwa Council bars Muslims from celebrating Halloween | Malay Mail" 9668: 8838:

Rogers, Nicholas (2002). "Razor in the Apple: Struggle for Safe and Sane Halloween,

1976:

fork into an apple. Another common game involves hanging up treacle or syrup-coated

1949: 1086:

in 1833, shows people feasting and playing divination games on Halloween in Ireland.

1075: 17808: 17172: 17152: 16973: 16928: 16302: 15983: 15965: 15852: 15749: 15709: 15630: 15544: 15516: 15266: 15103: 15077: 14942: 14906: 14729: 14544: 14282: 14252: 14148: 14087: 13963: 13825: 13689: 12696: 12627: 12568: 12160: 12040: 11664: 11639: 11634: 11150: 11130: 8864: 8182: 7474: 7456: 7408: 7395: 6393: 5535: 5350: 5105: 3020: 2828: 2600: 2522: 2499: 2187:

The haunted house as an American cultural icon can be attributed to the opening of

2023: 1933: 1722: 1721:

at a trunk-or-treat event at St. John Lutheran Church and Early Learning Center in

1707: 1685: 1659: 1557: 1298: 1261: 1130: 989: 919: 892: 801: 797: 622: 600: 592: 457: 341: 325: 303: 180: 17528: 14229: 6326:. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009. Credo Reference. Web. 21 September 2012. 5992:

The Hallowed Eve: Dimensions of Culture in a Calendar Festival of Northern Ireland

5890:

The Catholic World, Vol. 138: A Monthly Magazine of General Literature and Science

5707:

The Hallowed Eve: Dimensions of Culture in a Calendar Festival in Northern Ireland

1313:"recognized All Hallow's Eve in their church calendars", although the Puritans of 1168:

around homes and fields to protect them. It is suggested the fires were a kind of

1094:

season and beginning of winter or the 'darker half' of the year. It was seen as a

978: 17673: 17647: 17628: 17535: 17272: 17200: 17195: 17025: 16903: 16830: 16471: 16155: 16130: 15713: 15616: 15190: 15002: 14960: 14700: 14671: 14580: 14514: 14387: 14305: 14294: 14160: 14136: 14130: 14075: 13891: 13885: 13795: 13699: 13635: 13517: 13440: 13215: 12863: 12518: 12505: 12341: 12217: 11990: 11982: 11754: 11741: 11737: 11497: 11025: 10955: 10253: 10117: 9931: 9445: 7879: 7469: 7464: 7437: 7426: 7415: 7333: 7247: 7139:

Interacting communities: studies on some aspects of migration and urban ethnology

6894: 6879: 6429: 6405: 6083: 5876: 5796: 5668: 5089: 5082: 4939: 4932: 4179: 3784: 3737: 3634: 3080: 3001: 2730: 2726: 2709: 2645: 1338: 748: 405: 291: 246: 228: 224: 13558: 10304: 9031:"Trick or treat? Halloween cakes look horrifying but are they devilishly tasty?" 8284:

On October 31, All Hallows Eve, the children make a children's altar, to invite

7347: 1849:, is the world's largest Halloween parade, with millions of spectators annually. 1208:, or the souls of the dead, and received offerings on their behalf, similar to ' 17857: 17407: 17303: 17142: 17130: 16908: 15971: 15955: 15905: 15592: 15562: 15492: 15115: 14807: 14562: 14276: 13999: 13903: 13819: 13693: 13484: 13462: 13331: 13198: 13055: 13050: 12963: 12899: 12645: 12481: 12444: 12263: 12114: 11948: 11943: 11800: 11582: 11537: 11279: 11160: 11140: 11050: 10889: 10830: 10587: 7451: 6582: 5776: 3455:"NEDCO Producers' Guide". 31–33. Northeast Dairy Cooperative Federation. 1973. 3428: 3030: 3015: 2821: 2738: 2534: 2383: 2332: 2283: 2223: 2031: 1866: 1729: 1663: 1635:

who "paraded the streets and entered houses to dance or play dice in silence".

1628: 1481: 1477: 1461: 1402: 1325: 1241: 1083: 1010: 950: 918:

as they traveled the earth". After 1605, Hallowtide was eclipsed in England by

915: 907: 855: 785: 607: 493: 437: 425: 409: 365: 307: 236: 176: 62: 9665:"Feast of Samhain/Celtic New Year/Celebration of All Celtic Saints 1 November" 7127:

Folklore: An Encyclopedia of Beliefs, Customs, Tales, Music, and Art, Volume 1

7090:

Artworks for Elementary Teachers: Developing Artistic and Perceptual Awareness

6034:"How Halloween Traditions Are Rooted in the Ancient Pagan Festival of Samhain" 4807: 4378:

cake and barm brack, as well as apples and nuts were part of the festive fare.

3146: 2072:

In Ireland and Scotland, items would be hidden in food – usually a cake,

1959: 1536:. One of the earliest works on the subject of Halloween is from Scottish poet 17911: 17871: 17768: 17581: 16958: 16791: 16665: 16140: 16125: 15770: 15704: 15550: 15410: 15380: 15250: 15014: 15008: 14996: 14859: 14789: 14747: 14707: 14526: 14415: 14375: 14369: 14355: 14178: 13909: 13861: 13767: 13467: 13358: 12993: 12933: 12610: 12540: 12421: 12403: 12317: 12106: 12012: 11920: 11894: 11858: 11853: 11838: 11790: 11547: 11477: 11463: 11324: 11319: 11125: 10977: 10927: 10874: 10825: 10777: 10197: 9516: 9419: 9151: 8557: 8421: 8270:

Latina and Latino Voices in Literature: Lives and Works, Updated and Expanded

8194: 6372: 6274: 6116: 5893: 5423: 4845:

McClendon, Charles. "Old Saint Peter's and the Iconoclastic Controversy", in

4803: 4153: 3520: 3312: 3060: 2914: 2817: 2653: 2641: 2566: 2511: 2452: 2420: 2407: 2313: 1972: 1964: 1835: 1689: 1632: 1607: 1533: 1529: 1141: 1022: 970: 946: 935: 896: 812: 807: 744: 701:

praying and lighting candles in front of the central crucifix of a graveyard.

658: 576: 429: 421: 401: 287: 162: 146: 129: 7368:, October 1915, p. 1144. Mae McGuire Telford, "What Shall We Do Halloween?" 6913:(Charles Adolph Huttar, Peter J. Schakel), Bucknell University Press, p. 155 5929:

Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions

2816:

communally four times a year, which is vaguely similar to the observance of

2812::3, which forbids Jews from partaking in gentile customs. Many Jews observe 2576: 2030:, that they would die soon, perhaps within the year; water, that they would 1598: 17750: 17595: 17548: 17112: 17048: 17043: 16953: 16936: 16761: 16700: 16190: 16175: 15574: 15223: 15145: 15109: 15057: 14990: 14647: 14520: 14343: 14300: 14093: 14023: 13987: 13951: 13943: 13873: 12948: 12832: 12761: 12657: 12545: 12393: 12225: 12017: 11762: 11685: 11269: 11175: 11045: 11035: 10704:"All Hallows Eve (Halloween) in the Traditional, Pre-1955 Liturgical Books" 9363: 9210: 9035: 4393:

Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions

4107:

Food, Feasts, and Faith: An Encyclopedia of Food Culture in World Religions

3341: 2879: 2809: 2498:

On Hallowe'en (All Hallows' Eve), in Poland, believers were once taught to

2459: 2425: 2393: 2081: 2035: 1823: 1713: 1553: 1518: 1486: 1269: 1257: 1196: 1149: 1121: 1037: 1018: 1006: 969:) and set them on graves. At cemeteries in Spain and France, as well as in 945:

In parts of Italy until the 15th century, families left a meal out for the

461: 349: 315: 10709: 9946:"What day is Purim? Here's what you need to know about the Jewish holiday" 7595:

Miller, Marian (31 October 1932). "Halloween Jollity Within Reason Need".

4270:"Not so spooky after all: The roots of Halloween are tamer than you think" 1912: 1095: 634: 17878: 17864: 17249: 17162: 16861: 16805: 16766: 16027: 15538: 15532: 15444: 15386: 14979: 14954: 14677: 14653: 14623: 14586: 14409: 14184: 14166: 14124: 13761: 13408: 13016: 12953: 12938: 12535: 12523: 12486: 12473: 12287: 12275: 12007: 11995: 11967: 11865: 11819: 11542: 11421: 10862: 8393: 7804: 7695: 6873:"The Day We Celebrate: Thanksgiving Treated Gastronomically and Socially" 2649: 2554: 2503: 2491: 2475: 2399: 2389: 2309: 2298: 2148: 2100: 2051: 2039: 1945: 1929: 1718: 1314: 1213: 1126: 1050: 1041: 998: 712: 650: 642: 638: 485: 216: 6100:

Myth, Legend & Romance: An encyclopaedia of the Irish folk tradition

4087:

Knowing Fear: Science, Knowledge and the Development of the Horror Genre

2018:"); a person would be blindfolded and then would choose between several 1884:

as costumes have increasingly come under scrutiny in the United States.

752: 707:

By the end of the 12th century, the celebration had become known as the

17502: 17343: 16866: 16776: 16740: 16730: 16536: 15427: 15416: 15302: 15139: 15133: 15071: 15020: 14801: 14574: 14500: 14467: 14270: 14264: 13854: 13837: 13749: 13629: 13368: 12943: 12855: 12706: 12640: 12555: 12451: 12398: 12292: 12221: 12027: 11758: 11572: 11411: 11145: 10915: 10362: 8228:

Attridge, Derek; Attridge, Professor of English Derek (16 March 2000).

8186: 7391: 4702: 4363:

Land of Milk and Honey: The Story of Traditional Irish Food & Drink

2770: 2750: 2742: 2652:, alongside All Hallow's Eve or independently from it. This is because 2465: 2403: 2219: 2192: 2061: 1984: 1925: 1917: 1792: 1746: 1537: 1378: 1370: 1357: 1137: 939: 923: 899: 847: 720: 673: 212: 198: 158: 16987: 9359:"Halloween light parties put a Christian spin on haunted celebrations" 8170: 7773:"Pinterest is prohibiting culturally inappropriate Halloween costumes" 7419: 6543:

Hallowe'en: its origin, rites and ceremonies in the Scottish tradition

4614: 2616:

the unity of the Holy Ghost, ever one God, world without end. Amen. —

1433:

and tricks him into climbing a tree. A quick-thinking Jack etches the

17774: 17588: 17375: 17096: 16735: 16710: 16685: 16110: 15754: 15744: 15619:, (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = 15568: 15398: 15367: 14850: 14568: 14455: 14247: 14224: 14142: 13743: 12890: 12635: 12491: 12366: 12311: 12096: 11972: 11902: 11847: 11562: 11110: 11030: 10884: 10522:, Facts on File (1990, Pelican Publishing Company, 1998). 180 pages. 9887:

The Jewish Life Cycle: rites of passage from biblical to modern times

9853: 9818: 8519: 8333:"The History of Haunted Houses: A Fight for Frights as Tastes Change" 7566:"A very Derry Halloween: a carnival of frights, fireworks and parade" 7115:

A Student's Guide to A2 Performance Studies for the OCR Specification

6833:

Frank Leslie's popular monthly, Volume 40, November 1895, pp. 540–543

5909: 5907: 3065: 2933: 2831:

Rabbi Michael Broyde has argued against Jews' observing the holiday.

2762: 2749:

in order to make use of Halloween's popularity as an opportunity for

2689: 2515: 2470: 2448: 2430: 2377: 2340: 2328: 2159: 2126: 2085: 2077: 2073: 2065: 2015: 1901: 1846: 1784: 1681:, Canada, reported children going "guising" around the neighborhood. 1620: 1581: 1569: 1374: 1234: 1209: 1056: 927: 724: 716: 641:

in April 732. By 800, there is evidence that churches in Ireland and

568: 560: 441: 220: 117: 17061: 16781: 14288: 14046: 13363: 8865:"Urban Legends Reference Pages: Pins and Needles in Halloween Candy" 4304:

Braden, Donna R.; Village, Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield (1988).

2282:

On All Hallows' Eve, many Western Christian denominations encourage

2274: 2230:

On the evening of 11 May 1984, in Jackson Township, New Jersey, the

2022:. The item in the saucer would provide a hint as to their future: a 1775:

Halloween costumes were traditionally modeled after figures such as

1437:

into the bark, thus trapping the Devil. Jack strikes a bargain that

1104: 895:). In some localities, Catholics and Protestants continued souling, 831:

urged Christians "not to forget the end of all earthly things". The

428:

on All Hallows' Eve, a tradition reflected in the eating of certain

17478: 17287: 17220: 16885: 16771: 16715: 16120: 15724: 15432: 15422: 15314: 14172: 13867: 12839: 12827: 12513: 12385: 11552: 11208: 11180: 11165: 11155: 10548:

Dressed for Thrills: 100 Years of Halloween Costumes and Masquerade

10454: 7978:. Philadelphia: Penn Publishing Company. p. 98. Archived from 7301:

Rogers, Nicholas. (2002) "Coming Over:Halloween in North America".

5932: 5217: 4397: 4111: 2900: 2713: 2701: 1800: 1776: 1646:, Canada, the same province where the Scottish Halloween custom of 1513: 1472:

The modern imagery of Halloween comes from many sources, including

1410: 1362: 1346: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1265: 1253: 1184: 1069: 1061: 778: 774: 698: 684: 361: 337: 321:

One theory holds that many Halloween traditions were influenced by

13082: 13072: 7325:, Boston: Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Co., 1919, chapter 15, p. 127. 5904: 3786:

The Making of the English Village: A Study in Historical Geography

2886:, usually in mid-September. The celebration of the Hindu festival 17850: 17450: 17205: 17190: 17089: 16876: 16856: 15830: 15799: 15685: 15586: 15450: 15404: 15260: 15256: 14461: 14397: 13418: 12792:

in the universal calendar which do not normally fall on a Sunday.

11085: 11020: 10905: 10772: 10534:

A Halloween Reader. Stories, Poems and Plays from Halloweens Past

9450:. Frank Gavin Liturgical Foundation. 1955. pp. 1514 (E494). 8981:. Betty Crocker Cooking. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 132. 8951:"Spooky twist on classic Cadbury Creme Egg in time for Halloween" 7103:

Faces Around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face

6815:

p. 269. Oxford University Press, 2007. Retrieved 17 February 2011

6060:(Publisher: Penguin Books Ltd; Reprint edition: 4 November 2004) 5524:

Using Common Worship: Times and Seasons – All Saints to Candlemas

3885: 2981: 2908: 2904: 2805: 2801: 2766: 2634: 2617: 2604: 2592: 2587:

Today, Christian attitudes towards Halloween are diverse. In the

2348: 2170: 2163: 2003: 1992:(1919) showing several Halloween activities, such as nut roasting 1897: 1807: 1788: 1670: 1647: 1643: 1616: 1612: 1577: 1524: 1492: 1398: 1318: 1200: 1165: 1161: 1153: 1145: 1091: 1030: 1005:

Today's Halloween customs are thought to have been influenced by

728: 654: 397: 385: 381: 357: 333: 311: 208: 184: 154: 11432: 8050:"Traditional Irish Halloween games try to marry off young girls" 7551:"Trunk or Treat! Halloween Tailgating Grows" (Fernanda Santos), 6603:

Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, Volume 2

6121:

The Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain

5606:

Approaching the Divine: Signs and Symbols of the Christian Faith

3966:"Süßes, Saures – olle Kamellen? Ist Halloween schon wieder out?" 3495:

National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty

2995: 2529:. Worshippers prepared themselves for feasting on the following 2050:, that they would be poor. The game features prominently in the 711:

in Western Christianity and involved such traditions as ringing

665:, which claimed a number of lives during Rome's sultry summers. 17833: 17816: 17075: 17068: 16913: 16846: 16705: 15734: 15719: 15598: 15202: 15196: 15150: 14777: 14116: 14052: 14040: 13952:

Annunciation of the Virgin Mary / Annunciation of the Theotokos

13772: 13350: 13193: 13089: 12563: 12242: 12035: 11779: 11135: 11090: 9237:"Here's to the Soulcakers going about their mysterious mummery" 8925:"Top ten Irish Halloween traditions and memories you may share" 6673:

All Around the Year: Holidays and Celebrations in American Life

4641:

Keeping Christmas: Finding Joy in a Season of Excess and Strife

4081: 4079: 3025: 2947: 2907:. Some Neopagans do not observe Halloween, but instead observe 2887: 2875: 2851: 2843: 2813: 2705: 2693: 2414: 2019: 1858: 1780: 1561: 1390: 1238: 1183:

A plaster cast of a traditional Irish Halloween turnip (swede,

851: 836: 653:'s court, may then have introduced this 1 November date in the 646: 596: 591:

who have yet to reach Heaven. Commemorations of all saints and

564: 510:

is the Scots term for "eve" or "evening", and is contracted to

299: 15299:(CA, DE, HI, KY, MT, NJ, NY, OH, PR, VA, WV, proposed federal) 9005:

Halloween Delights Cookbook: A Collection of Halloween Recipes

7490:

Moss, Doris Hudson. "A Victim of the Window-Soaping Brigade?"

6798:(Glennys Howarth, Oliver Leaman), Taylor & Francis, p. 320 4875:(Fifth Edition, Revised). Oxford University Press, 2011. p. 14 4511: 2761:

Christians observe All Hallows' Day on the First Sunday after

2121: 340:

roots. Some go further and suggest that Samhain may have been

17125: 16695: 14473: 14190: 13897: 13489: 13183: 12886: 11532: 10847: 9814:"Some Christians use 'Hell Houses' to reach out on Halloween" 7530:(Dail R. Faircloth), First Baptist Church of Royal Palm Beach 5786: 5568:

The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 7, c. 1415–c. 1500

5262:

Rising from the Flames: The Experience of the Severely Burned

2951: 2856: 2832: 2824: 2526: 2444: 2440: 1977: 1818: 1796: 1768: 1742: 1541: 1438: 1366: 1333: 1109: 1026: 793: 770: 645:

were holding a feast commemorating all saints on 1 November.

584: 477: 433: 329: 322: 295: 188: 13559:

Holidays, observances, and celebrations in the United States

10718: 10168:"Should Indians Celebrate Foreign Festivals Like Halloween?" 9639:"Salem 'Saint Fest' restores Christian message to Halloween" 6629:

Rooted in America: Foodlore of Popular Fruits and Vegetables

6509:

MacDonald, Sarah; Service, Catholic News (19 October 2017).

5838:

Stations of the Sun: A History of the Ritual Year in Britain

4977:

The World Review – Volume 4, University of Minnesota, p. 255

4966:

Arising from Bondage: A History of the Indo-Caribbean People

4076: 4065: 4063: 2696:

children dressed up as Biblical figures and Christian saints

1692:

wrote the first book-length history of Halloween in the US:

1658:

to parish, begging the rich for soul cakes, in exchange for

1429:

On route home after a night's drinking, Jack encounters the

993:

An early 20th-century Irish Halloween mask displayed at the

15580: 15556: 15510: 13993: 13494: 12413: 12376: 11912: 11015: 10237:(B.A. Robinson), Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance 9541:

Halloween tracts serve as tool to spread gospel to children

7636: 2938: 2765:, the Eastern Orthodox Church recommends the observance of 2215: 2047: 2043: 2027: 1573: 1565: 1454: 1233:. In the late 19th and early 20th century, young people in 740: 610:

in Rome to "St Mary and all martyrs". This was the date of

11736: 7243:"Ten trick-or-treating facts for impressive bonfire chats" 6379:, ed. Robert O'Driscoll. Braziller, 1981. pp. 218–227 2776: 16813: 10698: 10035:

Tuesday, 28 October 2014 11:41 AM MYT (28 October 2014).

7996:. Vintage Holiday Crafts. 21 January 2008. Archived from 6786:(Rosemary Guiley), Guinness World Records Limited, p. 178 4060: 2308:

Halloween comes in the wake of the yearly apple harvest,

1548:, as well as the supernatural associated with the night, 697:

lighting candles on the headstone of a relative. Bottom:

538: 241: 9889:(Ivan G. Marcus), University of Washington Press, p. 232 9391:"Bishop Challenges Supermarkets to Lighten up Halloween" 7719:"Cultural Appropriation, A Perennial Issue On Halloween" 7637:

Beauchemin, Genevieve; CTV.ca News Staff (31 May 2006).

7141:(Zsuzsa Szarvas), Hungarian Ethnographic Society, p. 314 6922:

Rogers, Nicholas (2002). "Halloween Goes to Hollywood".

3935:

christlichen Totengedenkfest Allerheiligen/ Allerseelen.

3358:"Hallowe'en is a spooktacular event for the Goodfellows" 874:

to "commemorate saints as godly human beings". For some

484:; a term equivalent to "All Hallows Eve" is attested in 16242:

List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland

10010:"Halloween is 'haram,' declares Malaysia fatwa council" 9474:"Reformation Day: What, Why, and Resources for Worship" 7627:, Museum of Art and Archaeology, University of Missouri 5633: 1409:

folktale associated with the jack-o'-lantern, which in

854:" doctrine incompatible with the Calvinist doctrine of 842:

In Britain, these customs came under attack during the

835:

was sometimes enacted in European village pageants and

37:"All Hallows' Eve" redirects here. For other uses, see 10656:

Death Makes a Holiday: A Cultural History of Halloween

10425:(in Finnish). Helsingin yliopiston almanakkatoimisto. 8779:"Halloween Is Raking in Scary Profits for Theme Parks" 8080:"Halloween in Irish Folklore | Irish Archaeology" 7746:"15 Offensive Halloween Costumes That Shouldn't Exist" 7409:

Postcard & Greeting Card Museum: Halloween Gallery

6375:. "Irish Folk Tradition and the Celtic Calendar", in 6134:"Snap Apple Night, or All-Hallow Eve. January 1, 1845" 1195:

From at least the 16th century, the festival included

348:. Other academics believe Halloween began solely as a 11503:

International Day of Prayer for the Persecuted Church

10450:"Why Americans may spend $ 12bn on Halloween in 2023" 10327:"¿Cómo se introduce la fiesta de Halloween en Chile?" 8426:

Haunted Mansion: From The Magic Kingdom To The Movies

7459:), 1 November 1934; and "The Gangsters of Tomorrow", 7070:, Howarth, G. and Leeman, O. (2001) London Routledge 5640:

DeSpelder, Lynne Ann; Strickland, Albert Lee (2009).

5207: 5205: 4099: 4097: 4095: 3945:(in German). LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 8, 12, 30. 15972:

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

10799: 9100:

Feasting and Fasting: Canada's Heritage Celebrations

7689: 7615:(Peter Mazar), Liturgy Training Publications, p. 114 7539:"Trunk or Treat focuses on fun, children's safety", 7153:(David Scott Kastan), Oxford University Press, p. 47 7087: 6970:(Peter Mazar), Liturgy Training Publications, p. 115 6399:

Chapter 63, Part 1: On the Fire-festivals in general

6058:

A Pocket Guide To Superstitions of the British Isles

5260:

Carter, Albert Howard; Petro, Jane Arbuckle (1998).

4767:. Catholic Education Resource Center. Archived from 3860:"Guess what? Halloween is more Christian than Pagan" 3821:

O’Donnell, Hugh; Foley, Malcolm (18 December 2008).

2977: 14242:

Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust

10520:

Halloween: An American Holiday, An American History

9274:Armentrout, Donald S.; Slocum, Robert Boak (1999). 9141: 9060:

Halloween: An American Holiday, an American History

8641:"8 Killed by Smoky Fire in Park's 'Haunted Castle'" 7683: 7665:"History of the Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF Campaign" 7211:. Whispering Pine Press International. p. 33. 5639: 5540:

Halloween: An American Holiday, an American History

5461:

Halloween: An American Holiday, an American History

5415: 5341: 5339: 5337: 5335: 4550: 3907:(in German). Salzburger Nachrichten. Archived from 2490:The Vigil of All Hallows is being celebrated at an 1288:"Halloween Days", article from American newspaper, 1098:time, when the boundary between this world and the 906:, and historian Daniel Diehl write that "barns and 17456:Holidays, observances, and celebrations in Algeria 14760:Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary 10194:"Real-life witches that don't celebrate Halloween" 9113:"BBC – Religions – Christianity: All Hallows' Eve" 7831:Diehl, Daniel; Donnelly, Mark P. (13 April 2011). 7824: 7506:(Heather Jones Skaggs), Arcadia Publishing, p. 117 6946:(Gertrude Grace Sill), Simon & Schuster, p. 64 6926:, pp. 103–124. New York: Oxford University Press. 6911:The Rhetoric of Vision: Essays on Charles Williams 6705: 5870:"Treat or Trick? Halloween in a Globalising World" 5255: 5253: 5202: 5157:Compendium of Symbolic and Ritual Plants in Europe 4670: 4668: 4551: 4512: 4305: 4092: 3928:Döring, Alois; Bolinius, Erich (31 October 2006), 3858: 3814: 3736: 3117:"BBC – Religions – Christianity: All Hallows' Eve" 2199:began hosting its own Halloween night attraction, 1248:spirits" led to playing pranks in Ireland and the 1116:when approaching their dwellings. At Samhain, the 870:, though All Hallow's Day remained in the English 858:. State-sanctioned ceremonies associated with the 16335:List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland 10488:Halloween: Romantic Art and Customs of Yesteryear 10271:"Halloween firework injuries are on the increase" 9852:. The Restored Church of God. n.d. Archived from 9850:"'Trick?' or 'Treat?' – Unmasking Halloween" 9657: 8995: 8896:"Poisoned Halloween Candy: Trick, Treat or Myth?" 8846:, pp. 78–102. New York: Oxford University Press. 6763:The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca 6569: 6567: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6551: 6359: 6357: 6227:The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore 6211:The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore 6166:The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore 6112: 6110: 6108: 5295:The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca 4297: 3825:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 91–92. 3739:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopædia of World Religions 3384:"Local haunted houses to explore this Hallowe'en" 17909: 10536:, Pelican Publishing Company (2004). 272 pages. 10508:, Pelican Publishing Company (2004). 112 pages. 9725:AmericanCatholic.org. Retrieved 24 October 2007. 9273: 9209:. Cor et Lumen Christi Community. Archived from 9115:. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 2010. 8227: 7528:Suggested Themes for "Trunks" for Trunk or Treat 7088:Herberholz, Donald; Herberholz, Barbara (1990). 7051:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 6642:Pumpkin: The Curious History of an American Icon 6508: 5364:Ruth Hutchison and Ruth Constance Adams (1951). 5332: 5104: 5057: 5055: 4584: 4351:All Hallows' Eve (Diana Swift), Anglican Journal 3823:Treat or Trick? Halloween in a Globalising World 3119:. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 2010. 2958:, Finland, Japan, and other parts of East Asia. 2848:A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam 2312:(known as toffee apples outside North America), 2180:It was during the 1930s, about the same time as 2068:(showing ring found inside) at Halloween in 2020 1587: 344:as All Hallow's Day, along with its eve, by the 17181:Association football in the Republic of Ireland 10789: 10638:Halloween and Other Festivals of Death and Life 10391:"Safe treats for kids on year's scariest night" 10303:. Tartanplace.com. 12 July 2001. Archived from 10165: 10109: 9842: 9581: 8231:Joyce Effects: On Language, Theory, and History 7382: 7380: 7237: 7235: 7233: 7231: 7168: 6858:Nathaniel Hawthorne, "The Great Carbuncle", in 6812:The Oxford companion to American food and drink 6784:The Guinness Encyclopedia of Ghosts and Spirits 6394:The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion 6160: 6158: 5920: 5526:(David Kennedy), Church House Publishing, p. 42 5250: 4923: 4921: 4665: 4103: 3670: 1453:In Ireland, Scotland, and Northern England the 14754:Fast in Honor of the Holy Mother of Lord Jesus 10137: 9412: 8663:"The Haunted Castle, Revisited – NFPA Journal" 8457:. Distant Creations Group, LLC. Archived from 7639:"UNICEF to end Halloween 'orange box' program" 7276: 7274: 6548: 6354: 6105: 6070: 5783:. Cambridge University Press, 2015. pp.475–477 5734:The Episcopal Church, its teaching and worship 5211: 4634: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4383: 4312:. Henry Ford Museum & Greenfield Village. 3927: 3820: 286:. It is at the beginning of the observance of 17433: 15815: 15668: 13544: 12871: 11722: 11448: 11224: 10734: 10235:Halloween, From a Wiccan/Neopagan perspective 9785:"Schools 'must reopen' after Halloween break" 9631: 8968: 8919: 8917: 8400:(paperback). United Kingdom: Reaktion Books. 7830: 7744:Escobar, Sam; Robin, Marci (5 October 2020). 7151:The Oxford Encyclopedia of British Literature 7033:. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016 6644:. University of Washington Press, 2012. p. 42 6470: 6217: 5494:. Kensington Publishing Corporation. p. 5452: 5386: 5384: 5382: 5380: 5378: 5319: 5052: 5024: 5022: 5020: 5018: 5016: 4830:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 4303: 3729: 3702: 3664: 3262: 1907: 294:dedicated to remembering the dead, including 14943:Nativity of Mary / Nativity of the Theotokos 9022: 8777:Munarriz, Rick Aristotle (23 October 2014). 7743: 7394:, Alberta), 4 November 1927, p. 5, dateline 7377: 7228: 7117:(John Pymm), Rhinegold Publishing Ltd, p. 28 6534: 6532: 6334: 6332: 6155: 6123:. Oxford University Press, 1996. pp. 365–369 5955: 5744: 5742: 5642:The Last Dance: Encountering Death and Dying 4918: 4887: 4885: 4883: 4881: 4818:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 4735:Holy Women, Holy Men: Celebrating the Saints 4585:Thomson, Thomas; Annandale, Charles (1896). 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 3905:"Kein 'Trick or Treat' bei Salzburgs Kelten" 3639:. University of Illinois Press. p. 66. 3174: 3172: 3139: 2525:traditionally observed Hallowe'en through a 1393:associated with Halloween formed over time. 1305:colonists in the southern United States and 15944:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 15339:Presentation of the Theotokos to the Temple 15041:Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month 14642:Emancipation Day in the U.S. Virgin Islands 11650:Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant 10620:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 10065:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 9974: 9438: 9267: 8844:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 8386: 7893:The Year in Ireland: Irish Calendar Customs 7303:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 7271: 6924:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 6713:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 6678: 6675:. University of Illinois Press, 1995. p.153 6411: 6279:The Year in Ireland: Irish Calendar Customs 6009:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 6005:Samhain and the Celtic Origins of Halloween 5994:. University Press of Kentucky, 1998. p. 95 5979:Anglo-Saxon Spirituality: Selected Writings 5879:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008. p.35 5811:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 5802: 5571:. Cambridge University Press. p. 210. 5558: 5355:. Oxford University Press, 1998. pp.380–383 5259: 5243: 5241: 5212:Pulliam, June; Fonseca, Anthony J. (2016). 5121: 4991:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 4904:(Second ed.). 2003. pp. 242–243. 4677:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 4625: 4578: 4043:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 3852: 3850: 3776: 3674:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 3609:Halloween: From Pagan Ritual to Party Night 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 2633:Votive candles in the Halloween section of 517: 511: 505: 17440: 17426: 17367:Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland 15822: 15808: 15675: 15661: 13551: 13537: 12878: 12864: 11729: 11715: 11455: 11441: 11231: 11217: 10741: 10727: 10358:"Calls for Halloween holiday in Australia" 10187: 10185: 9984:, Al Huda Institute Canada, archived from 9765:. Department of Education Northern Ireland 9692:A Companion to the Lesser Feasts and Fasts 9614: 9555:Evangelical Christians and Popular Culture 9546: 9504: 8914: 7963: 7207:Hood, Karen Jean Matsko (1 January 2014). 7174: 5926: 5829: 5597: 5529: 5481: 5463:. Pelican Publishing Company. p. 19. 5375: 5286: 5162: 5013: 4708: 4389: 4261: 4212:"The Christian Observances of Halloween". 3416: 2434: 2262:both participate, while Disney now mounts 2218:, an AM radio station broadcasting out of 1441:can never claim his soul. After a life of 1279: 1044:. A kindred festival has been held by the 599:it was held on 13 May, and on 13 May 609, 464:, recounts various legends of the holiday. 392:parties, carving pumpkins or turnips into 61: 44:For the slasher multimedia franchise, see 15157:Virgin Islands–Puerto Rico Friendship Day 10674:Gods of The Nowhere: A Novel of Halloween 10355: 9875:Do Orthodox Christians Observe Halloween? 9739:. The Catholic Schools of Broome County. 9179:. Catholic News Agency. 31 October 2012. 9057:Bannatyne, Lesley Pratt (1 August 1998). 9056: 8832: 8448: 8299: 8272:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 72. 7969: 7917:, Volume III. William MacLellan, Glasgow 7200: 7066:Simpson, Jacqueline "All Saints' Day" in 6916: 6608: 6529: 6382: 6329: 5997: 5949: 5748: 5739: 5458: 5409: 5130:A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face 4878: 4354: 4240:. Liturgy Training Publications. p. 4227: 4028: 3940: 3626: 3545:"All Faithful Departed, Commemoration of" 3508: 3401: 3222: 3220: 3169: 3111: 3109: 3107: 2878:remember the dead during the festival of 2451:, often with novelty shapes like skulls, 2373:List of foods associated with Halloween: 1401:on All Hallows' Eve in order to frighten 910:to protect people and livestock from the 17186:Association football in Northern Ireland 12885: 10572:, LIT Verlag Münster (2005). 308 pages. 10566:Halloween in der Steiermark und anderswo 9943: 9667:. All Saints Parish. n.d. Archived from 9515:. Church Publishing, Inc. Archived from 8776: 8361: 7907: 7305:. p. 76. Oxford University Press, 2002, 7016: 6825: 6823: 6821: 6806: 6804: 6715:. Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 74. 6631:. Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1999. p. 154 6476: 6454:. Welsh Government. 2016. Archived from 6223: 6208: 5555:. Theodore Presser Company, 1902. p. 276 5238: 5100: 5098: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5067: 4802: 4756: 4429: 4165: 4128: 3943:Halloween in der Steiermark und anderswo 3847: 3593: 3258: 3256: 3231:. Church Publishing, Inc. 2004. p. 2932: 2688: 2628: 2575: 2485: 2481: 2357: 2292: 2273: 2132: 2120: 2060: 2010:Another popular Irish game was known as 1983: 1958: 1911: 1829: 1762: 1712: 1637: 1597: 1460: 1356: 1283: 1178: 1074: 988: 984: 938:, and the lighting of 'tindle' fires in 451: 16382:Demographics of the Republic of Ireland 10447: 10247:Halloween fire calls 'every 90 seconds' 10182: 10034: 9877:by Saint Spyridon Greek Orthodox Church 9689: 9582:D'Augostine, Lori (20 September 2013). 9466: 9393:. The Church of England. Archived from 9326:. D & J Holdings LLC. p. 150. 9313: 9142:Andrew James Harvey (31 October 2012). 9135: 8974: 8512:"Classic Haunts From Cincinnati's Past" 8420: 7976:Parlor Games for the Wise and Otherwise 7797: 7563: 7473:also mentioned door-to-door begging in 7449:"Halloween Pranks Keep Police on Hop", 6958:(Marilynn Gelfman Karp), Abrams, p. 299 6199:. Oxford University Press, 2006. p. 236 6197:Ireland: An Oxford Archaeological Guide 5781:Broken Idols of the English Reformation 5704: 5670:Books & Culture: A Christian Review 5564: 5127: 5083:Chapter 7: All Hallow Tide to Martinmas 4638: 4502:(Colin Buchanan), Scarecrow Press, p. 8 3782: 3355: 2912:interruptions from trick or treaters". 2804:, Halloween is not permitted by Jewish 2777:Analogous celebrations and perspectives 2417:in their shells) (Ireland and Scotland) 2026:would mean that they would marry soon; 1487:Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus 14: 17910: 13834:(CA, FL, NY, WI, WV, proposed federal) 13802:Presentation of Our Lord to the Temple 13785:National Girls and Women in Sports Day 13606:Feast of Epiphany / Feast of Theophany 11285:State Street Halloween Party (Madison) 10429:from the original on 15 September 2015 10388: 10268: 10191: 9811: 9602: 9356: 9319: 9028: 8797: 8745: 8615:"Fires in History: The Haunted Castle" 8582: 8398:Trick or Treat: A History of Halloween 8392: 8330: 8293: 8168: 7657: 7594: 7364:Theo. E. Wright, "A Halloween Story", 6944:A Handbook of Symbols in Christian Art 6829: 6684: 6618:. David & Charles, 1973. pp. 87–88 5835: 5644:. McGraw-Hill Education. p. 107. 5603: 5487: 5393:Trick or Treat: A History of Halloween 5390: 5292: 5168: 5114:. Scribner & Company. p. 93. 4986: 4865: 4832:, 3rd edition, ed. E. A. Livingstone. 4714: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4267: 3963: 3857:Barr, Beth Allison (28 October 2016). 3789:. Longman Scientific & Technical. 3515:Davis, Kenneth C. (29 December 2009). 3422: 3407: 3217: 3178: 3104: 2110: 2042:(become a nun, priest, monk, etc.); a 1916:In this 1904 Halloween greeting card, 1857:" is a fundraising program to support 1623:included All Hallows' Eve, Christmas, 747:, soul cakes were often marked with a 539:Christian origins and historic customs 416:, telling scary stories, and watching 17421: 16651: 16441: 16262: 15868: 15803: 15656: 15463:National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day 15215:Native American Indian Heritage Month 15037:Disability Employment Awareness Month 14872:Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day 14191:Chandramana Uugadi / Souramana Uugadi 13532: 12859: 12215: 11752: 11710: 11436: 11407:Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party 11212: 10722: 10584:Trick or Treat A history of Halloween 10403:from the original on 10 November 2010 10192:George, Stephanie (25 October 2010). 9734: 9552: 9510: 9280:. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 7. 9277:An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church 9105: 8893: 8803: 8449:Celestino, Mike (28 September 2016). 7716: 7667:. UNICEF Canada. 2008. Archived from 7354:from the original on 14 October 2013. 7020:Burns: A Study of the Poems and Songs 7013:Burns: a study of the poems and songs 6992:from the original on 24 November 2022 6818: 6801: 6517:from the original on 28 February 2021 6224:Monaghan, Patricia (1 January 2009). 6051: 5736:(Latta Griswold), E.S. Gorham, p. 110 5095: 5064: 4360: 4233: 3902: 3636:Women's History in Global Perspective 3632: 3514: 3253: 3056:List of Halloween television specials 3046:List of fiction works about Halloween 2686:to pass out to children on this day. 2264:Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party 1642:Girl in a Halloween costume in 1928, 1013:, some of which are believed to have 914:, who were believed to accompany the 551:on 2 November. Since the time of the 376:Popular Halloween activities include 27:Annual celebration held on 31 October 15635:Public holidays in the United States 14919:His Holiness Sakya Trizin's Birthday 14766:Hawaii Admission Day / Statehood Day 14058:Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole Day 11238: 10676:, Waxlight Press (2013). 294 pages. 10448:Doherty, Brennan (15 October 2023). 10148:from the original on 8 December 2015 10091:from the original on 19 October 2020 10047:from the original on 16 October 2020 9956:from the original on 31 October 2022 9609:Halloween: What's a Christian to Do? 9590:from the original on 29 October 2013 9426:from the original on 16 October 2006 9169: 9119:from the original on 3 November 2011 9077:from the original on 31 October 2017 9001: 8931:from the original on 24 October 2018 8902:from the original on 11 January 2012 8875:from the original on 29 October 2021 8785:from the original on 7 November 2017 8585:"Blaze Fatal to 8 Linked to Lighter" 8564:from the original on 31 October 2020 8492:from the original on 31 October 2014 8480:Lum, Kathryn Gin (30 October 2014). 8150:from the original on 1 November 2020 8090:from the original on 8 November 2020 7812:from the original on 16 October 2018 7770: 7630: 7576:from the original on 24 October 2018 7564:Bradley, Michael (24 October 2018). 7255:from the original on 27 January 2021 7206: 6744:from the original on 31 October 2022 6230:. Infobase Publishing. p. 167. 6140:from the original on 25 October 2021 5868:O'Donnell, Hugh and Foley, Malcolm. 5681:from the original on 23 April 2016. 5440:from the original on 31 October 2017 5214:Ghosts in Popular Culture and Legend 5040:from the original on 30 October 2012 4995:. Oxford University Press. pp. 4762: 4619:Scottish National Dictionary (1700–) 4572:participating institution membership 4538:participating institution membership 4435: 4414:from the original on 31 October 2017 4308:Leisure and entertainment in America 4134: 4012:from the original on 28 October 2021 3873:from the original on 2 November 2021 3856: 3581:from the original on 1 November 2022 3551:from the original on 1 November 2022 3329:from the original on 31 October 2017 3299: 3283:from the original on 25 January 2017 3229:The Book of Occasional Services 2003 3179:Hughes, Rebekkah (29 October 2014). 3123:from the original on 3 November 2011 2719:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston 1892:According to a 2018 report from the 1417:who has been denied entry into both 547:(All Saints' Day) on 1 November and 15621:Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies 15393:Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib 15128:Native American Day in South Dakota 14438:National Defense Transportation Day 13588:Birthday of Eugenio María de Hostos 13579:Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr. 11417:Universal's Halloween Horror Nights 11265:New York's Village Halloween Parade 10166:Soumya Dasgupta (5 November 2009), 10110:Lauren Stengele (25 October 2012), 9812:Suarez, Essdras (29 October 2007). 9743:from the original on 3 October 2018 9029:McCrum, Kirstie (14 October 2015). 8804:Mader, Isabel (30 September 2014). 8748:"The Real Scare Is Not Being Scary" 8479: 8267: 7873:"Apple dookers make record attempt" 7798:Keshner, Andrew (17 October 2018). 7748:. Good Housekeeping. Archived from 6295:The Fairy-Faith in Celtic Countries 6213:. Infobase publishing. p. 167. 6168:. Infobase Publishing, 2004. p. 407 6102:. Prentice Hall Press, 1991. p. 402 4980: 4968:. New York University Press, p. 241 4505: 4462: 3964:Döring, Volkskundler Alois (2011). 3930:Samhain – Halloween – Allerheiligen 3381: 2644:also celebrate All Hallows' Eve as 1874:New York's Village Halloween Parade 1806:Dressing up in costumes and going " 1650:was first recorded in North America 1496:) and classic horror films such as 1080:Snap-Apple Night, or All-Hallow Eve 356:of All Hallow's Day. Celebrated in 24: 16411:Tourism in the Republic of Ireland 16186:Economy of the Republic of Ireland 15984:Irish Free State (1922–1937) 15829: 14636:Birthday of Dr. José Celso Barbosa 12729:All Saints' Eve / All Hallows' Eve 12723:All Saints' Day / All Hallows' Day 12178:All Saints' Eve / All Hallows' Eve 12172:All Saints' Day / All Hallows' Day 11604:I Sing a Song of the Saints of God 10473: 10389:Denton, Hannah (30 October 2010). 10223:Should Pagans Celebrate Halloween? 10138:Vineet Chander (30 October 2009), 10116:, Vision Nationals, archived from 9944:Pitofsky, Marina (15 March 2022). 9826:from the original on 28 April 2021 9584:"Suffer Not the Trick-or-Treaters" 9454:from the original on 23 April 2016 9320:Infeld, Joanna (1 December 2008). 9063:. Pelican Publishing. p. 12. 8746:Barnes, Brooks (25 October 2011). 8120:from the original on 18 April 2021 8060:from the original on 27 April 2016 7895:. Mercier Press, 1972. pp. 202–205 7345: 7177:Legends and Lore of South Carolina 6734:"Is Halloween celebrated in Asia?" 6244:from the original on 23 April 2016 5961:A Handbook for Travellers in Spain 5927:Fieldhouse, Paul (17 April 2017). 5624:Christians in Europe envisioned a 5585:from the original on 23 April 2016 5391:Morton, Lisa (15 September 2013). 4726: 4390:Fieldhouse, Paul (17 April 2017). 4071:American Folklore: An Encyclopedia 3425:Evangelical Dictionary of Theology 3382:Max, Christina (26 October 2023). 3356:Lindsay, Sandy (30 October 2023). 3308:The Paulist Liturgy Planning Guide 3051:List of films set around Halloween 2861:National Fatwa Council of Malaysia 2278:Pumpkins for sale during Halloween 1940:were strongly associated with the 825:The New Cambridge Medieval History 25: 17984: 17727:International Day of Non-Violence 16196:Post-2008 Irish economic downturn 15457:Milad Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin 15099:International Day of Non-Violence 14997:Rosh Hashanah / Feast of Trumpets 14630:Birthday of Don Luis Muñoz Rivera 14575:Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev Sahib 11462: 10688: 10570:Volkskunde (Münster in Westfalen) 10269:McCann, Chris (28 October 2010). 10225:(Wicasta Lovelace), Pagan Centric 10178:from the original on 20 June 2015 9925:A Jewish exploration of halloween 9906:from the original on 13 July 2012 9357:Doward, Jamie (28 October 2017). 9294:from the original on 30 July 2016 9247:from the original on 3 April 2013 9102:(Dorothy Duncan), Dundurn, p. 249 8758:from the original on 30 July 2017 7105:(Margo DeMello), ABC-CLIO, p. 225 6979: 6830:Leslie, Frank (5 February 2009). 6419:The Religion of the Ancient Celts 5705:Santino, Jack (21 October 2021). 5079:Christmas in Ritual and Tradition 4929:The Religion of the Ancient Celts 4621:. 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Indeed, even though 2129:in front of a house in California 2046:, that they would become rich; a 1771:, Northern Ireland, selling masks 949:of relatives, before leaving for 39:All Hallows' Eve (disambiguation) 17449: 17401: 16365:Tallest buildings and structures 15784: 15783: 15684: 15499:Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God 14842:Childhood Cancer Awareness Month 14400:(CA, unofficial, proposed state) 14161:Mesha Sankranti / Hindu New Year 13513: 13512: 12838: 11828: 11516: 11298: 11193: 11192: 10441: 10415: 10382: 10349: 10319: 10293: 10281:from the original on 7 July 2012 10262: 10240: 10228: 10216: 10159: 10131: 10103: 10073: 10028: 10002: 9968: 9937: 9918: 9892: 9880: 9868: 9805: 9777: 9755: 9728: 9716: 9690:Portaro, Sam (25 January 1998). 9683: 9575: 9534: 9492: 9383: 9371: 9350: 9229: 9199: 9183:from the original on 24 May 2013 9093: 9050: 8978:Betty Crocker Halloween Cookbook 8943: 8894:Nixon, Robin (27 October 2010). 8887: 8857: 8770: 8739: 8707: 8681: 8655: 8633: 8607: 8576: 8534: 8504: 8473: 8442: 8414: 8364:"The History of Haunted Houses!" 8355: 8331:Warner, Adam (27 October 2014). 8324: 8261: 8248: 8221: 8209:from the original on 3 June 2018 8162: 8132: 8102: 8072: 8042: 8020:"Preschool Halloween Fast Facts" 8012: 7986: 7950: 7937: 7928: 7913:McNeill, F. Marian (1961, 1990) 7898: 7885: 7866: 7853: 7791: 7764: 7737: 7717:Fadel, Leila (29 October 2019). 7710: 7618: 7606: 7588: 7557: 7545: 7533: 7521: 7509: 7497: 7484: 7443: 7401: 7358: 7339: 7315: 7295: 7156: 7144: 7132: 7120: 7108: 7096: 7081: 7060: 7004: 6973: 6961: 6949: 6937: 6904: 6865: 6852: 6840:from the original on 11 May 2011 6789: 6777: 6768: 6756: 6726: 6665: 6656: 6647: 6634: 6621: 6596: 6576: 6502: 6444: 6435: 6417:MacCulloch, John Arnott (1911). 6366: 6345: 6316: 6300: 6284: 6268: 6259: 6202: 6189: 6180: 6171: 6126: 6089: 6026: 5984: 5971: 5882: 5862: 5749:Mosteller, Angie (2 July 2014). 5604:Reimer, Margaret Loewen (2018). 5542:. Pelican Publishing, 1998. p. 9 5266:University of Pennsylvania Press 4955:. Liturgical Press, 2007. p. 516 4933:Chapter 10: The Cult of the Dead 4927:MacCulloch, John Arnott (1911). 4006:British Broadcasting Corporation 3227:"Service for All Hallows' Eve". 2994: 2980: 2664:All Saints' Church in Wittenberg 2510:, keeping All Hallows' Eve as a 2351:releasing Goo Heads (similar to 2290:foods associated with this day. 934:. There was a similar custom in 751:, indicating they were baked as 683: 672: 418:horror or Halloween-themed films 15045:Filipino American History Month 14838:Prostate Cancer Awareness Month 14326:Pacific Islander Heritage Month 14127:(CT, NC, PR, NJ, VI, religious) 14035:National Poison Prevention Week 14014:(Charlottesville, VA, cultural) 13970:Emancipation Day in Puerto Rico 13750:Charles Darwin Day / Darwin Day 10141:Trick or Treat? Not quite sure. 9641:. rcab.org. n.d. Archived from 9499:Halloween, Hallowed Is Thy Name 8595:from the original on 1 May 2009 8583:Gruson, Lindsey (19 May 1984). 8300:Greg Ryan (17 September 2008). 8268:Day, Frances A. (30 May 2003). 7835:. Stackpole Books. p. 17. 7771:Park, Sumner (2 October 2020). 7407:For examples, see the websites 7129:(Thomas Green), ABC-CLIO p. 566 7068:Encyclopedia of Death and Dying 7057:Stanford University Press, 1960 6796:Encyclopedia of Death and Dying 6738:Asia Media Centre | New Zealand 6324:Britannica Concise Encyclopedia 6086:BBC. Retrieved 31 October 2011. 5795:(Daniel Diehl, Mark Donnelly), 5770: 5727: 5698: 5689: 5661: 5545: 5516: 5395:. Reaktion Books. p. 129. 5358: 5190: 5149: 4971: 4958: 4945: 4894: 4873:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints 4852: 4839: 4822: 4809:"All Saints, Festival of" 4796: 4783: 4695: 4607: 4544: 4493: 4345: 4336: 4268:Kernan, Joe (30 October 2013). 4205: 3994: 3894: 3563: 3537: 3483: 3448: 3266:The Anglican Family Prayer Book 2678:to them. One organization, the 2580:Halloween Scripture Candy with 2533:with prayers and fasting. This 2494:Christian church on Hallowe'en. 1887: 1815:Halloween, Hallowed is Thy Name 1733:publication occurring in 1939. 1484:literature (such as the novels 759:mentions souling in his comedy 587:and pray for recently departed 16201:Post-2008 Irish banking crisis 15789:Category: Festivals in England 15571:(religious, four times a year) 15327:Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur 15251:Beginning of the Nativity Fast 14330:Jewish American Heritage Month 13966:(CA, CO, TX, proposed federal) 10706:by the Liturgical Arts Journal 10695:"A brief history of Halloween" 9978:Halloween: Through Muslim Eyes 9420:"Halloween and All Saints Day" 8428:(paperback). Disney Editions. 8362:McKendry, Bekah (March 2014). 8234:. Cambridge University Press. 8169:Madden, Ed (31 October 2008). 7863:. McFarland, 2011. pp. 61, 107 7467:), 2 November 1934, p. 4. The 7386:"'Trick or Treat' Is Demand", 6545:. Albyn Press, 1970. pp. 29–31 5751:Christian Origins of Halloween 4442:The American Desk Encyclopedia 4365:. Poolbeg Press. p. 138. 3375: 3349: 2894: 2286:, giving rise to a variety of 2117:Haunted attraction (simulated) 1684:American historian and author 1615:, which is closely related to 1170:imitative or sympathetic magic 1090:Samhain marked the end of the 811:, which was often depicted in 278:on 31 October, the eve of the 71:, a common Halloween tradition 13: 1: 17968:Observances honoring the dead 16263: 15151:Sukkot / Feast of Tabernacles 15033:Breast Cancer Awareness Month 15021:Yom Kippur / Day of Atonement 14179:Easter Monday / Bright Monday 13922:Irish-American Heritage Month 13447:Hammersmith Ghost murder case 10748: 10642:University of Tennessee Press 10356:Paul Kent (27 October 2010). 9723:"Halloween's Christian Roots" 9380:(Jason Skog), Capstone, p. 61 8647:. 12 May 1984. Archived from 8552:: xliii. July–December 1976. 7023:. Stanford University Press. 6765:, Infobase Publishing, p. 183 6477:Rosinsky, Natalie M. (2002). 6281:. Mercier Press, 1972. p. 200 5565:Allmand, Christopher (1998). 5173:. Pegasus Books. p. 44. 4089:. McFarland, 2007. pp.151–152 3412:. Johnson Reprint. p. 6. 3408:Palmer, Abram Smythe (1882). 3151:Anglican Diocese of Worcester 3097: 3071:Skelly (Halloween decoration) 1588:Trick-or-treating and guising 1540:, who, in 1780, made note of 1476:, national customs, works of 1397:are traditionally carried by 1345:Europe and some parts of the 1009:customs and beliefs from the 864:prayer for souls in purgatory 719:. It was also "customary for 336:, which are believed to have 17266:Northern Ireland flags issue 16442: 16217:List of conflicts in Ireland 15961:Southern Ireland (1921–1922) 15643:United States Virgin Islands 15333:Native American Heritage Day 15291:Discovery of Puerto Rico Day 15084:General Pulaski Memorial Day 14730:Barack Obama Day in Illinois 14684:Puerto Rico Constitution Day 14583:(Philadelphia, PA, cultural) 14204:Arab American Heritage Month 13926:Colon Cancer Awareness Month 13781:(CA, CT, IL, IN, MO, NY, WV) 13738:Birthday of Luis Muñoz Marín 12137:Nativity of John the Baptist 11614:Ye Watchers and Ye Holy Ones 11483:Halloween (All Hallows' Eve) 10784: 10767: 9902:. Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. 8715:"Horror in a Haunted Castle" 8546:Catalog of Copyright Entries 7420:Antique Hallowe'en Postcards 7175:Carmichael, Sherman (2012). 5711:University Press of Kentucky 5416:Prince Sorie Conteh (2009). 2922: 2620:of the Vigil of All Saints, 2549:seeks to further spread the 1813:Eddie J. Smith, in his book 1546:"What fearfu' pranks ensue!" 1324:It was not until after mass 1187:) lantern on display in the 649:of Northumbria, a member of 447: 310:, being associated with the 7: 17542:Maghrebi Blood Donation Day 16652: 16237:Gaelic clothing and fashion 15869: 15690:English festivals and fairs 15267:Barack Obama Day in Alabama 14895:Elevation of the Holy Cross 14814:Transfiguration of the Lord 14450:Peace Officers Memorial Day 14334:Military Appreciation Month 14259:Thomas Jefferson's Birthday 13648:Stephen Foster Memorial Day 13345:Electronic voice phenomenon 13138:locations in United Kingdom 9622:The Devil is gaining ground 9207:"Night of Light Beginnings" 8256:The Silver Bough Volume III 7431:Vintage Halloween Postcards 6886:, 24 November 1895, p. 27. 6209:Monaghan, Patricia (2014). 5981:. Paulist Press, 2000. p. 7 5197:The Two Gentlemen of Verona 4789:Melton, J Gordon (editor). 4477:. Dsl.ac.uk. Archived from 3677:. Oxford University Press. 3194:. p. 1. Archived from 2973: 2870: 2656:is said to have nailed his 2396:(Great Britain and Ireland) 2256:Universal Studios Singapore 2175:Hollycombe Steam Collection 2143:Humorous display window in 1752: 1602:Trick-or-treaters in Sweden 961:who pointed upward towards 762:The Two Gentlemen of Verona 10: 17989: 17710:International Day of Peace 17615:International Workers' Day 15323:(HI, unofficial, cultural) 15122:National School Lunch Week 14742:Dormition of the Theotokos 14662:(HI, unofficial, cultural) 14491:Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and 14418:(CA, IL, proposed federal) 14394:International Workers' Day 14020:(AL (in two counties), LA) 14012:Liberation and Freedom Day 12845:Catholic Church portal 11609:In Our Day of Thanksgiving 11378:Busch Gardens Williamsburg 11333:California's Great America 10875:Lighting candles on graves 10710:"The History of Halloween" 10602:The Halloween Encyclopedia 10492:Pelican Publishing Company 10477: 10259:Retrieved 22 November 2010 9513:"Christians and Halloween" 8691:. nfpa.org. Archived from 8665:. nfpa.org. Archived from 7882:, BBC News, 2 October 2008 7775:. Fox News. Archived from 7690:Village Halloween Parade. 7286:Collins English Dictionary 6688:The Halloween Encyclopedia 6340:The Silver Bough, Volume 3 6311:The Silver Bough, Volume 3 5915:The Halloween Encyclopedia 5459:Bannatyne, Lesley (1998). 5077:Miles, Clement A. (1912). 4953:Butler's Saint for the Day 4765:"All Saints and All Souls" 4639:Hopwood, James A. (2019). 4234:Hynes, Mary Ellen (1993). 4156:, cemeteries are known as 3941:Hörandner, Editha (2005). 3783:Roberts, Brian K. (1987). 3423:Elwell, Walter A. (2001). 3269:. Church Publishing, Inc. 3181:"Happy Hallowe'en Surrey!" 2968:National Retail Federation 2926: 2785: 2781: 2731:Catholic parochial schools 2569:there, they "are known as 2321:razor blades in the apples 2114: 1908:Games and other activities 1894:National Retail Federation 1756: 1591: 1560:" (1785). Elements of the 1352: 866:were abolished during the 533: 460:" (1785) by Scottish poet 276:observed in many countries 43: 36: 32:Halloween (disambiguation) 29: 17889: 17800: 17761: 17742: 17719: 17702: 17683: 17658: 17639: 17606: 17559: 17521:International Women's Day 17512: 17489: 17462: 17397: 17296: 17234: 17171: 17111: 17024: 16972: 16927: 16894: 16839: 16804: 16754: 16673: 16664: 16660: 16647: 16582: 16485: 16454: 16450: 16437: 16347: 16275: 16271: 16258: 16209: 15997: 15881: 15877: 15864: 15840: 15779: 15763: 15695: 15607: 15526: 15481:Pan American Aviation Day 15360: 15239:Ascension of ‘Abdu’l Baha 15211: 15172: 15029: 14969: 14931:National Grandparents Day 14903:(NY, cultural, religious) 14834: 14784:Lyndon Baines Johnson Day 14717: 14693: 14608: 14533:Fast of the Holy Apostles 14487: 14320: 14271:Last Friday of Great Lent 14230:Birthday of José de Diego 14208:Confederate History Month 14200: 14109: 14000:L. Ron Hubbard's Birthday 13918: 13847: 13709: 13696:(NY, cultural, religious) 13675: 13564: 13508: 13455: 13432: 13384: 13330: 13304: 13279: 13263: 13168: 13120: 13009: 12986: 12977: 12906: 12897: 12778: 12749: 12626: 12554: 12529:Mass of the Lord's Supper 12504: 12472: 12412: 12384: 12375: 12340: 12301: 12241: 12237: 12211: 12105: 12026: 12001:Mass of the Lord's Supper 11981: 11911: 11893: 11837: 11826: 11778: 11774: 11748: 11678: 11670:Persecution of Christians 11622: 11591: 11525: 11514: 11470: 11307: 11296: 11260:Headless Horseman Hayride 11247: 11189: 11103: 11064: 11004: 10995: 10938: 10898: 10868:Connecticut field pumpkin 10840: 10808: 10758: 10480:Bibliography of Halloween 9557:. ABC-CLIO. p. 239. 8244:– via Google Books. 8217:– via Project MUSE. 7994:"Vintage Halloween Cards" 7970:Hollister, Helen (1917). 7481:, 3 November 1934, p. 17. 7282:"Definition of "guising"" 7092:. W.C. Brown. p. 16. 7017:Crawford, Thomas (1960). 6901:, 21 October 1900, p. 12. 6888:"Odd Ornaments for Table" 6616:Oral folk-tales of Wessex 5610:Wipf and Stock Publishers 5293:Guiley, Rosemary (2008). 5132:. ABC-CLIO. p. 167. 4987:Rogers, Nicholas (2001). 4902:New Catholic Encyclopedia 4719:. Cassell. p. 1085. 4645:Wipf and Stock Publishers 4559:Oxford English Dictionary 4520:Oxford English Dictionary 4500:The A to Z of Anglicanism 4237:Companion to the Calendar 4173:"All Hallows Eve Service" 3633:Smith, Bonnie G. (2004). 3606:Rogers, Nicholas (2002). 3011:Bibliography of Halloween 2865:Dar Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah 2798:Second Jewish Book of Why 2545:; an initiative known as 2244:Universal Studios Florida 2105:Halloween-themed specials 1855:Trick-or-Treat for UNICEF 1669:In Scotland and Ireland, 1564:, such as pumpkins, corn 1301:and Cindy Ott write that 1011:Celtic-speaking countries 876:Nonconformist Protestants 559:in Christianity (such as 204: 194: 172: 135: 124: 113: 99: 76: 60: 55: 15345:Trans Day of Remembrance 14866:California Admission Day 14364:Ascension of Baháʼu'lláh 14236:Confederate Memorial Day 13636:Makar Sankranti / Pongal 13317:Ancient Egyptian culture 11903:Presentation of the Lord 11660:Exorcism in Christianity 11645:Christian views on Hades 11553:Visitation of cemeteries 11395:Mickey's Halloween Party 11275:Rutland Halloween Parade 10564:Editha Hörandner (ed.), 10085:Dar al-Ifta al Misriyyah 9628:(London), 11 March 2000. 7861:Celtic Myth and Religion 7613:School Year, Church Year 7414:24 November 2010 at the 6968:School Year, Church Year 6627:Wilson, David Scofield. 6377:The Celtic Consciousness 5171:Cake: A Slice of History 4715:Benham, William (1887). 4139:. Capstone. p. 31. 4073:. Routledge, 2006. p.749 4069:Brunvand, Jan (editor). 3932:(in German), FDP Emden, 3671:Nicholas Rogers (2002). 2846:Idris Palmer, author of 2838: 2648:, a day to remember the 2514:and serving pancakes or 2214:. It was cosponsored by 1967:for apples at Hallowe'en 1675:Help the Halloween Party 1413:is said to represent a " 1102:thinned. This meant the 850:berated purgatory as a " 695:Christians in Bangladesh 262:(less commonly known as 106:and many non-Christians 17622:World Press Freedom Day 17358:Prostitution (Republic) 15273:D. Hamilton Jackson Day 15094:Indigenous Peoples' Day 14973:Hispanic Heritage Month 14493:Transgender Pride Month 14100:Trans Day of Visibility 13600:Eve of Three Kings' Day 13340:Apparitional experience 12790:holy days of obligation 12702:Exaltation of the Cross 12326:Octave Day of Christmas 12166:Exaltation of the Cross 11373:Busch Gardens Tampa Bay 11290:Terror Behind the Walls 11255:Halloween in the Castro 10624:Oxford University Press 10606:McFarland & Company 10252:2 November 2010 at the 10172:The Wall Street Journal 9930:31 October 2016 at the 7947:, Volume III, pp. 33–34 7692:"History of the Parade" 7494:, November 1939, p. 48. 7374:, October 1920, p. 135. 7348:"Hallowe'en in America" 7327:"Hallowe'en in America" 7164:Encyclopædia Britannica 6428:12 October 2013 at the 6404:12 October 2013 at the 6082:3 November 2011 at the 6013:Oxford University Press 5917:. McFarland, 2003. p. 9 5875:31 October 2022 at the 5842:Oxford University Press 5836:Hutton, Ronald (2001). 5816:Oxford University Press 5128:DeMello, Margo (2012). 5088:4 November 2013 at the 5034:Encyclopædia Britannica 4938:29 October 2015 at the 4847:Old Saint Peter's, Rome 4834:Oxford University Press 4815:Encyclopædia Britannica 4740:Church Publishing, Inc. 4682:Oxford University Press 4564:Oxford University Press 4530:ealra halgena mæsseæfen 4525:Oxford University Press 4446:Oxford University Press 4047:Oxford University Press 3614:Oxford University Press 2961: 2269: 2260:Universal Studios Japan 2248:Halloween Horror Nights 2038:, that they would take 1508:(1932). Imagery of the 1467:Weatherly, Pennsylvania 1280:Spread to North America 709:holy days of obligation 518: 512: 506: 436:day, including apples, 17933:Christianity and death 16227:List of Irish kingdoms 15279:Day after Thanksgiving 14913:Gold Star Mother's Day 14541:(36, proposed federal) 14433:National Day of Reason 14427:National Day of Prayer 14382:Declaration of the Bab 14155:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak 14082:Texas Independence Day 13758:(CA, OR, WA, cultural) 13618:Idaho Human Rights Day 13594:Confederate Heroes Day 12969:Procession of the dead 12663:Saint John the Baptist 11360:Halloween Spooktacular 11067:Veneration of the Dead 10662:US (2003). 224 pages. 10423:"Usein kysyttyä (FAQ)" 10396:The New Zealand Herald 10301:"Kalan -Goañv ha Marv" 9611:(1998) by Steve Russo. 9553:Woods, Robert (2013). 9543:(Curry), Baptist Press 9511:Allen, Travis (2011). 9422:. newadvent.org. n.d. 8518:. 2012. Archived from 8306:Hudson Valley Magazine 7934:Danaher (1972), p. 219 7904:Danaher (1972), p. 223 7461:The Helena Independent 7323:The Book of Hallowe'en 6452:"Halloween traditions" 5551:Perry, Edward Baxter. 5491:The Halloween Handbook 5169:Levene, Alysa (2016). 4951:Burns, Paul (editor). 4793:. ABC-CLIO, 2011. p.22 3970:Westdeutscher Rundfunk 3497:. 2012. Archived from 3471:Cite journal requires 3263:Anne E. Kitch (2004). 2942: 2929:Geography of Halloween 2697: 2680:American Tract Society 2650:Protestant Reformation 2637: 2627: 2584: 2495: 2367: 2355:) in spooky wrapping. 2336: 2301: 2279: 2151: 2130: 2069: 1993: 1968: 1921: 1880:Since the late 2010s, 1863:Northeast Philadelphia 1850: 1772: 1725: 1695:The Book of Hallowe'en 1651: 1603: 1469: 1451: 1382: 1295: 1192: 1189:Museum of Country Life 1160:, and others. Special 1087: 1036:Samhain is one of the 1002: 995:Museum of Country Life 966: 860:intercession of saints 618:festival of the dead. 524:(All) Hallow(s) E(v)en 465: 17963:Masquerade ceremonies 17334:Mass media (Republic) 17278:National coat of arms 16166:IRA Northern Campaign 15439:Immaculate Conception 15163:White Cane Safety Day 14937:National Payroll Week 14796:National Aviation Day 14736:Bennington Battle Day 14444:National Maritime Day 14370:Ascension of Our Lord 14314:(cultural, religious) 14145:(PR, religious, week) 14043:(cultural, religious) 13930:Women's History Month 13808:Promised Reformer Day 13725:Washington's Birthday 13626:(federal quadrennial) 13424:Paranormal television 13133:locations in Scotland 12669:Saints Peter and Paul 12575:Sundays after Easter 12282:Immaculate Conception 12143:Saints Peter and Paul 11814:Immaculate Conception 10800:Christian observances 10552:Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 10331:noticias.universia.cl 10275:The Belfast Telegraph 9447:The Anglican Breviary 9177:"Vigil of All Saints" 9002:Hood, K.J.M. (2014). 8806:"Halloween Colcannon" 8396:(28 September 2012). 8175:James Joyce Quarterly 7721:. NPR. Archived from 7641:. CTV. Archived from 7598:The Morning Oregonian 7332:23 April 2016 at the 6956:In flagrante collecto 6893:5 August 2016 at the 6878:5 August 2016 at the 6685:Morton, Lisa (2003). 6423:Chapter 18: Festivals 5844:. pp. 369, 373. 5522:"Eve of All Saints", 5366:Every Day's a Holiday 5111:St. Nicholas Magazine 4858:Ó Carragáin, Éamonn. 2937:Halloween display in 2936: 2727:Roman Catholic Church 2692: 2642:Protestant Christians 2632: 2623:The Anglican Breviary 2613: 2579: 2573:, or seas of light". 2489: 2482:Christian observances 2361: 2296: 2277: 2240:Six Flags Fright Fest 2142: 2124: 2064: 1987: 1962: 1915: 1833: 1766: 1716: 1641: 1601: 1552:(ghosts)—influencing 1474:Christian eschatology 1464: 1427: 1405:. There is a popular 1360: 1287: 1216:. A man dressed as a 1182: 1078: 992: 985:Gaelic folk influence 975:Christian processions 625:(731–741) founded an 455: 46:Halloween (franchise) 18:All Hallows' Eve 17837:(Rabi' al-Awwal 12) 17809:Hijri New Year's Day 17256:County coats of arms 17148:List of Irish people 16222:List of Irish tribes 16072:Cromwellian conquest 16058:Plantation of Ulster 15989:Ireland (since 1922) 15419:(KY, NC, SC, TX, VI) 15413:(KY, NC, SC, PR, VI) 15370:(religious, federal) 15185:Birth of Baháʼu'lláh 14980:Chehlum Imam Hussain 14901:Feast of San Gennaro 14826:Women's Equality Day 14666:Martyrdom of the Báb 14517:(Suffolk County, MA) 14064:Promised Messiah Day 13978:(Suffolk County, MA) 13880:Courir de Mardi Gras 13832:Susan B. Anthony Day 13790:National Freedom Day 13713:American Heart Month 13614:(AZ, CA, FL, HI, VA) 13409:Stories about ghosts 13233:District of Columbia 12741:Presentation of Mary 12367:Purification of Mary 12190:Presentation of Mary 11691:Thursday of the Dead 11383:SeaWorld San Antonio 11056:Parade of Lost Souls 11007:Festival of the Dead 10636:Jack Santino (ed.), 9900:"Jews and Halloween" 9735:Bucci, Rich (2016). 9645:on 29 September 2006 9626:The Sunday Telegraph 9144:"'All Hallows' Eve'" 8975:Crocker, B. (2012). 8461:on 30 September 2016 8024:Everything Preschool 8000:on 29 September 2009 7436:23 July 2008 at the 7425:19 July 2006 at the 6587:British Folk Customs 6441:Hutton, pp. 366, 380 6389:Frazer, James George 6164:Monaghan, Patricia. 5677:. 1999. p. 12. 5346:Frazer, James George 4771:on 18 September 2016 4684:, 2002. pp. 22, 27. 4436:Luck, Steve (1998). 4361:Mahon, Bríd (1991). 4135:Skog, Jason (2008). 3711:Austrian information 3612:, p. 164. New York: 3388:The Wetaskiwin Times 3192:University of Surrey 2808:because it violates 2755:Festival of the Dead 2551:Vigil of All Hallows 2539:Vigil of All Hallows 2284:abstinence from meat 2145:Historic 25th Street 1330:Scottish immigration 1291:The Sunday Oregonian 1158:dream interpretation 1108:, the 'spirits' or ' 955:Holy Spirit Hospital 904:medieval archaeology 821:Rosamond McKitterick 737:praying for the dead 621:In the 8th century, 579:and are a time when 500:(the evening before 30:For other uses, see 17973:October observances 17953:Culture of Scotland 17801:Varies (year round) 17371:in Northern Ireland 17362:in Northern Ireland 17103:Legendary creatures 17016:Traditional singing 16852:Saint Patrick's Day 16487:Republic of Ireland 16416:Tourist attractions 16401:ROI–UK border 16386:of Northern Ireland 16339:in Northern Ireland 16171:IRA Border Campaign 16146:War of Independence 16116:Second Great Famine 16101:Act of Union (1800) 16053:Flight of the Earls 15910:Lordship of Ireland 15845:Republic of Ireland 15613:racial/ethnic group 15527:Varies (year round) 15505:Wright Brothers Day 15417:Day after Christmas 15309:Guru Nanak Gurpurab 15285:Day of the Covenant 15089:German-American Day 15023:(TX, NY, religious) 14999:(TX, NY, religious) 14949:Native American Day 14772:Krishna Janmashtami 14724:American Family Day 14557:Jefferson Davis Day 14503:(federal, cultural) 14422:Military Spouse Day 14139:(PR, VI, religious) 13958:Casimir Pulaski Day 13938:Saint Patrick's Day 13870:(PR, VI, religious) 13717:Black History Month 13662:(PR, VI, religious) 13478:Kardecist spiritism 13322:Classical antiquity 12758:Ordinary Procession 12362:Baptism of the Lord 12056:Divine Mercy Sunday 11885:Baptism of the Lord 11872:Mary, Mother of God 11679:Related observances 11655:Communion of saints 11558:Prayer for the dead 11338:Canada's Wonderland 11199:Category: Halloween 10984:Treehouse of Horror 10880:Prayer for the dead 10644:(1994). 280 pages. 10608:(2003). 240 pages. 10590:(2012). 229 pages. 10554:(2002). 128 pages. 10113:Halloween in India? 9696:Cowley Publications 9671:on 20 November 2006 9480:on 23 February 2007 9243:. 6 November 2010. 8927:. Ireland Central. 8871:. 2 November 2000. 8781:. AOL.com/Finance. 8727:on 15 February 2015 8645:The Washington Post 8486:The Washington Post 8302:"A Model of Mayhem" 8144:www.cliffsnotes.com 8116:. 30 October 2010. 8110:"Tricks and treats" 8086:. 30 October 2015. 8084:irisharchaeology.ie 8056:. 15 October 2018. 7982:on 8 December 2015. 7972:"Halloween Frolics" 7960:, Volume III, p. 34 7878:28 May 2012 at the 7541:Desert Valley Times 7517:The Chicago Tribune 7371:Ladies Home Journal 7346:Kelley, Ruth Edna. 7321:Kelley, Ruth Edna. 7251:. 31 October 2014. 6740:. 29 October 2020. 6605:. 1855. pp. 308–309 6573:Hutton, pp. 379–383 6483:Capstone Publishers 6291:Evans-Wentz, Walter 6015:, 2002. pp. 11–21. 6003:Rogers, Nicholas. " 5818:, 2002. pp. 37–38. 5753:. Rose Publishing. 5488:Morrow, Ed (2001). 5353:: A new abridgement 5299:Infobase Publishing 5061:Hutton, pp. 374–375 4828:"All Saints' Day", 4763:Saunders, William. 4742:2010. p. 662. 4562:(Online ed.). 4523:(Online ed.). 4475:"DOST: Hallow Evin" 4282:on 26 November 2015 4049:, 2002. pp. 49–50. 4008:. 20 October 2011. 3866:The Washington Post 3501:on 6 October 2014. 3201:on 19 November 2015 2988:Christianity portal 2543:Vigil of All Saints 2343:at the festival of 2306:Northern Hemisphere 2195:on 12 August 1969. 2189:The Haunted Mansion 2111:Haunted attractions 2004:gazed into a mirror 1730:Halloween postcards 1465:Decorated house in 1150:pouring molten lead 872:liturgical calendar 817:Christopher Allmand 733:Bavaria and Austria 699:Lutheran Christians 426:abstained from meat 414:haunted attractions 352:holiday, being the 328:, particularly the 274:) is a celebration 167:haunted attractions 17943:Culture of Ireland 17882:(Dhu al-Hijjah 10) 17408:Ireland portal 16726:Skirts and kidneys 16232:List of High Kings 16151:Anglo-Irish Treaty 16091:First Great Famine 16076:Settlement of 1652 16048:Tyrone's Rebellion 16038:Desmond Rebellions 15927:Kingdom of Ireland 15589:(religious, month) 15351:Unthanksgiving Day 15335:(MD, WA, cultural) 15269:(Perry County, AL) 15049:LGBT History Month 14951:(proposed federal) 14551:Honor America Days 14324:Asian American and 14070:Saint Joseph's Day 14030:Medal of Honor Day 13982:Harriet Tubman Day 13779:Lincoln's Birthday 13756:Day of Remembrance 13666:World Religion Day 13612:Fred Korematsu Day 13392:Films about ghosts 13376:Spirit photography 12818:Liturgical colours 12332:Holy Name of Jesus 11630:Calendar of saints 11599:For All the Saints 11578:Office of the Dead 11508:Remembrance Sunday 11390:Knott's Scary Farm 10911:Haunted attraction 10532:Lesley Bannatyne, 10518:Lesley Bannatyne, 10494:(2000). 96 pages. 10370:on 31 October 2020 10337:on 12 October 2016 10307:on 20 January 2013 10120:on 8 December 2015 10014:Al Arabiya English 9991:on 4 November 2009 9934:The Jewish Journal 9620:Gyles Brandreth, " 9519:on 28 October 2011 9213:on 23 October 2013 8752:The New York Times 8651:on 13 August 2017. 8589:The New York Times 8424:(11 August 2009). 8343:on 27 October 2014 8187:10.1353/jjq.0.0133 8030:on 8 November 2020 7779:on 22 October 2020 7752:on 13 October 2020 7725:on 29 October 2019 7645:on 16 October 2007 7553:The New York Times 7515:"Trunk-or-Treat", 7209:Halloween Delights 6899:The New York Times 6884:The New York Times 6711:Rogers, Nicholas. 6614:Palmer, Kingsley. 6539:McNeill, F. Marian 6307:McNeill, F. Marian 5808:Rogers, Nicholas. 5675:Christianity Today 4674:Rogers, Nicholas. 4514:"All Hallows' Eve" 4220:: 33. 5 May 2009. 4041:Rogers, Nicholas. 4002:"All Hallows' Eve" 3491:"Tudor Hallowtide" 3036:Naraka Chaturdashi 2956:continental Europe 2943: 2788:Jews and Halloween 2745:" and comic-style 2698: 2659:Ninety-five Theses 2638: 2585: 2563:Light of the World 2496: 2368: 2302: 2280: 2252:Knott's Scary Farm 2242:began in 1986 and 2201:Knott's Scary Farm 2197:Knott's Berry Farm 2152: 2131: 2070: 1994: 1990:Book of Hallowe'en 1969: 1922: 1882:ethnic stereotypes 1851: 1773: 1767:Halloween shop in 1726: 1652: 1604: 1470: 1383: 1339:American influence 1296: 1250:Scottish Highlands 1193: 1148:or mirror-gazing, 1088: 1003: 908:homes were blessed 885:intermediate state 868:Elizabethan reform 581:Western Christians 480:' evening") is of 466: 290:, the time in the 104:Western Christians 17958:Scottish folklore 17905: 17904: 17898:Lists of holidays 17874:(Dhu al-Hijjah 9) 17842:Mawlid in Algeria 17825:Ashura in Algeria 17415: 17414: 17393: 17392: 17389: 17388: 16800: 16799: 16691:Bacon and cabbage 16643: 16642: 16639: 16638: 16510:Foreign relations 16433: 16432: 16429: 16428: 16360:Notable buildings 16254: 16253: 16250: 16249: 15797: 15796: 15697:English festivals 15650: 15649: 15631:Hallmark holidays 15627:Lists of holidays 15489:(religious, week) 15469:Nativity of Jesus 15435:(religious, week) 15153:(religious, week) 14970:September–October 14884:Constitution Week 14599:West Virginia Day 14478:Buddha's Birthday 14175:(religious, week) 13814:Ronald Reagan Day 13683:Super Bowl Sunday 13642:Robert E. Lee Day 13526: 13525: 13300: 13299: 12959:Residual haunting 12924:Haunted locations 12914:Ancestral spirits 12853: 12852: 12774: 12773: 12770: 12769: 12760:according to the 12712:Maternity of Mary 12707:Autumn Ember Days 12641:Summer Ember Days 12500: 12499: 12452:Spring Ember Days 12293:Winter Ember Days 12207: 12206: 12203: 12202: 11820:December 17 to 23 11704: 11703: 11640:Christian martyrs 11568:Trick-or-treating 11430: 11429: 11400:Halloween Screams 11206: 11205: 11099: 11098: 11076:Death anniversary 11041:Qingming Festival 10816:Trick-or-treating 10682:978-0-9882433-1-6 10618:Nicholas Rogers, 10596:978-1-78023-187-7 10546:Phyllis Galembo, 10504:Diane C. Arkins, 10486:Diane C. Arkins, 10041:www.malaymail.com 10016:. 29 October 2014 9975:A. Idris Palmer, 9763:"School holidays" 9705:978-1-4616-6051-4 9564:978-0-313-38654-1 9333:978-0-9760512-4-4 9287:978-0-89869-211-2 9070:978-1-56554-346-1 9015:978-1-59434-181-6 8988:978-0-544-17814-4 8816:on 5 October 2014 8695:on 13 August 2017 8689:"Spooky and Safe" 8669:on 13 August 2017 8435:978-1-4231-1895-4 8407:978-1-78023-047-4 8279:978-0-313-05851-6 8241:978-0-521-77788-9 7859:MacLeod, Sharon. 7842:978-0-8117-4430-0 7492:The American Home 7218:978-1-59434-181-6 7190:978-1-60949-748-4 7181:The History Press 7030:978-0-8047-0055-9 6698:978-0-7864-1524-3 6492:978-0-7565-0392-5 6458:on 2 October 2017 6237:978-1-4381-1037-0 6136:. Metmuseum.org. 5942:978-1-61069-412-4 5892:. Vol. 138. 5851:978-0-19-157842-7 5760:978-1-59636-535-3 5720:978-0-8131-8458-6 5651:978-0-07-340546-9 5619:978-1-5326-5675-0 5578:978-0-521-38296-0 5536:Bannatyne, Lesley 5505:978-0-8065-2227-2 5470:978-1-4556-0553-8 5433:978-1-60497-596-3 5402:978-1-78023-055-9 5308:978-1-4381-2684-5 5275:978-0-8122-1517-5 5227:978-1-4408-3491-2 5180:978-1-68177-108-3 5139:978-1-59884-617-1 5006:978-0-19-514691-2 4749:978-0-89869-678-3 4654:978-1-5326-9537-7 4570:(Subscription or 4536:(Subscription or 4455:978-0-19-521465-9 4438:"All Saints' Day" 4407:978-1-61069-412-4 4372:978-1-85371-142-8 4319:978-0-933728-32-5 4251:978-1-56854-011-5 4214:National Republic 4189:on 5 October 2013 4146:978-0-7565-3405-9 4121:978-1-61069-412-4 4085:Colavito, Jason. 3952:978-3-8258-8889-3 3832:978-1-4438-0265-9 3796:978-0-582-30143-6 3754:978-0-87779-044-0 3684:978-0-19-516896-9 3646:978-0-252-02931-8 3530:978-0-06-192575-7 3438:978-0-8010-2075-9 3322:978-0-8091-4414-3 3276:978-0-8192-2565-8 3242:978-0-89869-409-3 3153:. 20 October 2020 3091:English festivals 2966:According to the 2850:, has ruled that 2794:Alfred J. Kolatch 2182:trick-or-treating 2140: 1843:Greenwich Village 1759:Halloween costume 1728:The thousands of 1679:Kingston, Ontario 1594:Trick-or-treating 1512:, a reference to 1435:sign of the cross 1226:F. Marian McNeill 916:malignant spirits 912:effect of witches 813:church decoration 390:Halloween costume 378:trick-or-treating 326:harvest festivals 280:Western Christian 253: 252: 140:Trick-or-treating 16:(Redirected from 17980: 17938:Halloween events 17928:Autumn festivals 17692:Independence Day 17640:June–July–August 17567:April Fools' Day 17454: 17453: 17442: 17435: 17428: 17419: 17418: 17406: 17405: 17404: 17083:Tuatha Dé Danann 16671: 16670: 16662: 16661: 16649: 16648: 16584:Northern Ireland 16562: 16552: 16542: 16452: 16451: 16439: 16438: 16273: 16272: 16260: 16259: 16136:Home Rule crisis 15966:Northern Ireland 15879: 15878: 15866: 15865: 15853:Northern Ireland 15824: 15817: 15810: 15801: 15800: 15787: 15786: 15764:Fairs and others 15750:Guy Fawkes Night 15710:Mothering Sunday 15689: 15688: 15677: 15670: 15663: 15654: 15653: 15545:Islamic New Year 15517:Zartosht No-Diso 15475:Old Year's Night 15453:(cultural, week) 15179:Birth of the Báb 15173:October–November 15104:Leif Erikson Day 15078:Child Health Day 14907:Ganesh Chaturthi 14878:Constitution Day 14616:Independence Day 14593:Saint John's Day 14545:Helen Keller Day 14253:Emancipation Day 14220:April Fools' Day 14149:Lazarus Saturday 14088:Town Meeting Day 14006:Lailat al-Mi'raj 13964:Cesar Chavez Day 13886:Intercalary Days 13690:Chinese New Year 13676:January–February 13660:Three Kings' Day 13624:Inauguration Day 13553: 13546: 13539: 13530: 13529: 13516: 13515: 12984: 12983: 12929:Haunted highways 12880: 12873: 12866: 12857: 12856: 12843: 12842: 12797:Older calendars 12697:Nativity of Mary 12628:Pentecost Season 12382: 12381: 12303:Christmas Season 12239: 12238: 12213: 12212: 12161:Nativity of Mary 11839:Christmas Season 11832: 11776: 11775: 11750: 11749: 11731: 11724: 11717: 11708: 11707: 11665:Four last things 11635:Christian burial 11520: 11457: 11450: 11443: 11434: 11433: 11329:Halloween Haunt 11302: 11233: 11226: 11219: 11210: 11209: 11201: 11196: 11195: 11068: 11008: 11002: 11001: 10923:Pumpkin festival 10761: 10752: 10743: 10736: 10729: 10720: 10719: 10467: 10466: 10464: 10462: 10445: 10439: 10438: 10436: 10434: 10419: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10408: 10386: 10380: 10379: 10377: 10375: 10366:. 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Archived from 8328: 8322: 8321: 8319: 8317: 8308:. Archived from 8297: 8291: 8290: 8265: 8259: 8254:McNeill (1961), 8252: 8246: 8245: 8225: 8219: 8218: 8216: 8214: 8171:"Teaching Joyce" 8166: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8155: 8136: 8130: 8129: 8127: 8125: 8106: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8076: 8070: 8069: 8067: 8065: 8054:IrishCentral.com 8046: 8040: 8039: 8037: 8035: 8026:. Archived from 8016: 8010: 8009: 8007: 8005: 7990: 7984: 7983: 7967: 7961: 7958:The Silver Bough 7956:McNeill (1961), 7954: 7948: 7945:The Silver Bough 7943:McNeill (1961), 7941: 7935: 7932: 7926: 7915:The Silver Bough 7911: 7905: 7902: 7896: 7891:Danaher, Kevin. 7889: 7883: 7870: 7864: 7857: 7851: 7850: 7828: 7822: 7821: 7819: 7817: 7795: 7789: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7768: 7762: 7761: 7759: 7757: 7741: 7735: 7734: 7732: 7730: 7714: 7708: 7707: 7705: 7703: 7694:. Archived from 7687: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7676: 7661: 7655: 7654: 7652: 7650: 7634: 7628: 7622: 7616: 7610: 7604: 7602: 7592: 7586: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7561: 7555: 7549: 7543: 7537: 7531: 7525: 7519: 7513: 7507: 7501: 7495: 7488: 7482: 7475:Aurora, Illinois 7457:Portland, Oregon 7447: 7441: 7405: 7399: 7396:Blackie, Alberta 7384: 7375: 7362: 7356: 7355: 7343: 7337: 7319: 7313: 7299: 7293: 7292: 7278: 7269: 7268: 7262: 7260: 7239: 7226: 7225: 7204: 7198: 7197: 7172: 7166: 7162:"Mumming Play", 7160: 7154: 7148: 7142: 7136: 7130: 7124: 7118: 7112: 7106: 7100: 7094: 7093: 7085: 7079: 7064: 7058: 7056: 7050: 7042: 7040: 7038: 7010:Thomas Crawford 7008: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6997: 6977: 6971: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6935: 6920: 6914: 6908: 6902: 6869: 6863: 6860:Twice-Told Tales 6856: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6827: 6816: 6808: 6799: 6793: 6787: 6781: 6775: 6772: 6766: 6760: 6754: 6753: 6751: 6749: 6730: 6724: 6709: 6703: 6702: 6682: 6676: 6669: 6663: 6660: 6654: 6653:Bannatyne, p. 45 6651: 6645: 6638: 6632: 6625: 6619: 6612: 6606: 6600: 6594: 6580: 6574: 6571: 6546: 6536: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6522: 6506: 6500: 6499: 6474: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6448: 6442: 6439: 6433: 6415: 6409: 6386: 6380: 6370: 6364: 6361: 6352: 6349: 6343: 6336: 6327: 6320: 6314: 6304: 6298: 6288: 6282: 6272: 6266: 6263: 6257: 6256: 6251: 6249: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6206: 6200: 6195:O'Halpin, Andy. 6193: 6187: 6184: 6178: 6175: 6169: 6162: 6153: 6152: 6147: 6145: 6130: 6124: 6114: 6103: 6096:Ó hÓgáin, Dáithí 6093: 6087: 6077:All Hallows' Eve 6074: 6068: 6055: 6049: 6048: 6046: 6044: 6030: 6024: 6001: 5995: 5988: 5982: 5977:Boenig, Robert. 5975: 5969: 5968: 5953: 5947: 5946: 5924: 5918: 5911: 5902: 5901: 5886: 5880: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5833: 5827: 5806: 5800: 5790: 5784: 5774: 5768: 5767: 5746: 5737: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5702: 5696: 5693: 5687: 5686: 5665: 5659: 5658: 5637: 5631: 5630: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5562: 5556: 5549: 5543: 5533: 5527: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5485: 5479: 5478: 5456: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5445: 5413: 5407: 5406: 5388: 5373: 5362: 5356: 5351:The Golden Bough 5343: 5330: 5327:The Hallowed Eve 5323: 5317: 5316: 5290: 5284: 5283: 5257: 5248: 5245: 5236: 5235: 5209: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5187: 5166: 5160: 5155:Cleene, Marcel. 5153: 5147: 5146: 5125: 5119: 5118: 5106:Mary Mapes Dodge 5102: 5093: 5075: 5062: 5059: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5026: 5011: 5010: 4994: 4984: 4978: 4975: 4969: 4962: 4956: 4949: 4943: 4925: 4916: 4915: 4898: 4892: 4889: 4876: 4869: 4863: 4856: 4850: 4843: 4837: 4836:, 1997. pp.41–42 4826: 4820: 4819: 4811: 4800: 4794: 4787: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4712: 4706: 4699: 4693: 4672: 4663: 4662: 4636: 4623: 4622: 4611: 4605: 4604: 4598: 4596: 4582: 4576: 4575: 4567: 4555: 4548: 4542: 4541: 4533: 4516: 4509: 4503: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4481:on 29 April 2014 4471: 4460: 4459: 4433: 4427: 4426: 4421: 4419: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4358: 4352: 4349: 4343: 4340: 4334: 4333: 4328: 4326: 4311: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4289: 4287: 4278:. Archived from 4265: 4259: 4258: 4231: 4225: 4224: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4196: 4194: 4188: 4177: 4169: 4163: 4162: 4137:Teens in Finland 4132: 4126: 4125: 4101: 4090: 4083: 4074: 4067: 4058: 4039: 4026: 4025: 4019: 4017: 3998: 3992: 3989: 3983: 3981: 3972:. Archived from 3960: 3937: 3924: 3918: 3916: 3911:on 17 March 2014 3898: 3892: 3891: 3880: 3878: 3862: 3854: 3845: 3844: 3818: 3812: 3811: 3805: 3803: 3780: 3774: 3773: 3763: 3761: 3742: 3733: 3727: 3726: 3721: 3719: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3693: 3691: 3668: 3662: 3661: 3655: 3653: 3630: 3624: 3604: 3591: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3575:Catholic Culture 3567: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3556: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3512: 3506: 3505: 3487: 3481: 3480: 3474: 3469: 3467: 3459: 3452: 3446: 3445: 3420: 3414: 3413: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3353: 3347: 3346: 3336: 3334: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3290: 3288: 3260: 3251: 3250: 3224: 3215: 3214: 3208: 3206: 3200: 3185: 3176: 3167: 3166: 3160: 3158: 3143: 3137: 3136: 3130: 3128: 3113: 3086:Will-o'-the-wisp 3004: 2999: 2998: 2990: 2985: 2984: 2759:Eastern Orthodox 2668:Bible characters 2609:worship services 2559:All Hallows' Day 2537:is known as the 2523:Christian Church 2141: 1934:Celtic mythology 1904:in third place. 1839:Halloween Parade 1787:, scary looking 1723:Darien, Illinois 1719:automobile trunk 1686:Ruth Edna Kelley 1395:Jack-o'-lanterns 1299:Lesley Bannatyne 1274:jack-o'-lanterns 1262:used to ward off 1144:, nut roasting, 920:Guy Fawkes Night 893:Bosom of Abraham 802:Lesley Bannatyne 767:jack-o'-lanterns 687: 676: 623:Pope Gregory III 601:Pope Boniface IV 545:All Hallows' Day 521: 515: 509: 502:All Hallows' Day 498:All Hallows' Eve 482:Christian origin 394:jack-o'-lanterns 380:(or the related 284:All Hallows' Day 268:All Hallows' Eve 151:jack-o'-lanterns 108:around the world 100:Observed by 89:All Hallows' Eve 65: 53: 52: 21: 17988: 17987: 17983: 17982: 17981: 17979: 17978: 17977: 17908: 17907: 17906: 17901: 17895: 17885: 17796: 17790:Winter vacation 17757: 17738: 17715: 17698: 17679: 17654: 17648:Summer vacation 17635: 17602: 17555: 17549:Spring vacation 17536:World Water Day 17508: 17497:Valentine's Day 17485: 17458: 17448: 17446: 17416: 17411: 17402: 17400: 17385: 17353:outside Ireland 17324:Historic houses 17292: 17273:Irish Wolfhound 17244:Brighid's Cross 17230: 17201:Gaelic handball 17196:Gaelic football 17167: 17138:Hiberno-Normans 17107: 17020: 16968: 16923: 16904:Hiberno-English 16890: 16835: 16796: 16750: 16656: 16635: 16578: 16560: 16550: 16540: 16481: 16472:Ulster loyalism 16446: 16425: 16343: 16267: 16246: 16205: 16131:Dublin lock-out 16067:Confederate War 16018:Norman invasion 16005:Battles of Tara 15993: 15949:1801–1923 15937:1691–1800 15932:1536–1691 15920:1169–1536 15873: 15860: 15836: 15828: 15798: 15793: 15775: 15759: 15730:St George's Day 15691: 15683: 15681: 15651: 15646: 15623: 15617:sexual minority 15603: 15541:(NY, religious) 15535:(NY, religious) 15522: 15487:Pancha Ganapati 15377: 15356: 15245:All Saints' Day 15235: 15213: 15207: 15199:(NY, religious) 15191:Day of the Dead 15168: 15068: 15047: 15043: 15039: 15035: 15031: 15025: 15003:Shemini Atzeret 14971: 14965: 14961:Von Steuben Day 14856: 14840: 14836: 14830: 14713: 14704: 14701:Summer vacation 14689: 14624:Asalha Puja Day 14620: 14604: 14595:(PR, religious) 14581:Odunde Festival 14515:Bunker Hill Day 14511: 14492: 14489: 14483: 14388:Harvey Milk Day 14360: 14336: 14332: 14328: 14325: 14322: 14316: 14306:Walpurgis Night 14295:San Jacinto Day 14206: 14202: 14196: 14181:(VI, religious) 14169:(PR, religious) 14131:Hanuman Jayanti 14121: 14105: 13996:(NY, religious) 13948: 13928: 13924: 13920: 13914: 13864:(PR, religious) 13858: 13843: 13734: 13731:Valentine's Day 13715: 13711: 13705: 13700:Vasant Panchami 13686: 13671: 13602:(PR, religious) 13584: 13560: 13557: 13527: 13522: 13504: 13451: 13441:Booty v Barnaby 13428: 13385:Popular culture 13380: 13326: 13296: 13275: 13259: 13216:Day of the Dead 13164: 13155:Slavic religion 13116: 13005: 12979: 12973: 12902: 12893: 12884: 12854: 12849: 12837: 12766: 12745: 12717:Christ the King 12685:Transfiguration 12622: 12550: 12506:Paschal Triduum 12496: 12468: 12408: 12371: 12342:Epiphany Season 12336: 12297: 12233: 12218:Tridentine Mass 12199: 12195:Christ the King 12149:Transfiguration 12101: 12022: 11983:Paschal Triduum 11977: 11907: 11889: 11833: 11824: 11770: 11744: 11742:Catholic Church 11738:Liturgical year 11735: 11705: 11700: 11674: 11618: 11587: 11521: 11512: 11498:Day of the Dead 11488:All Saints' Day 11466: 11461: 11431: 11426: 11365:Happy Halloween 11303: 11294: 11243: 11237: 11207: 11202: 11191: 11185: 11116:All Saints' Day 11095: 11066: 11060: 11006: 10997: 10991: 10934: 10894: 10858:Jack-o'-lantern 10804: 10759: 10754: 10750: 10747: 10714:History Channel 10691: 10686: 10654:David J. Skal, 10482: 10476: 10474:Further reading 10471: 10470: 10460: 10458: 10446: 10442: 10432: 10430: 10421: 10420: 10416: 10406: 10404: 10387: 10383: 10373: 10371: 10354: 10350: 10340: 10338: 10325: 10324: 10320: 10310: 10308: 10299: 10298: 10294: 10284: 10282: 10267: 10263: 10254:Wayback Machine 10245: 10241: 10233: 10229: 10221: 10217: 10207: 10205: 10190: 10183: 10164: 10160: 10151: 10149: 10136: 10132: 10123: 10121: 10108: 10104: 10094: 10092: 10079: 10078: 10074: 10058: 10057: 10050: 10048: 10033: 10029: 10019: 10017: 10008: 10007: 10003: 9994: 9992: 9988: 9981: 9973: 9969: 9959: 9957: 9942: 9938: 9932:Wayback Machine 9923: 9919: 9909: 9907: 9898: 9897: 9893: 9885: 9881: 9873: 9869: 9859: 9857: 9848: 9847: 9843: 9829: 9827: 9810: 9806: 9793: 9791: 9783: 9782: 9778: 9768: 9766: 9761: 9760: 9756: 9746: 9744: 9733: 9729: 9721: 9717: 9706: 9698:. p. 199. 9688: 9684: 9674: 9672: 9663: 9662: 9658: 9648: 9646: 9637: 9636: 9632: 9619: 9615: 9607: 9603: 9593: 9591: 9580: 9576: 9565: 9551: 9547: 9539: 9535: 9522: 9520: 9509: 9505: 9497: 9493: 9483: 9481: 9472: 9471: 9467: 9457: 9455: 9444: 9443: 9439: 9429: 9427: 9418: 9417: 9413: 9400: 9398: 9389: 9388: 9384: 9376: 9372: 9355: 9351: 9338: 9336: 9334: 9318: 9314: 9297: 9295: 9288: 9272: 9268: 9260: 9259: 9250: 9248: 9235: 9234: 9230: 9216: 9214: 9205: 9204: 9200: 9186: 9184: 9175: 9174: 9170: 9157: 9155: 9140: 9136: 9122: 9120: 9111: 9110: 9106: 9098: 9094: 9080: 9078: 9071: 9055: 9051: 9041: 9039: 9027: 9023: 9016: 9000: 8996: 8989: 8973: 8969: 8959: 8957: 8955:Derby Telegraph 8949: 8948: 8944: 8934: 8932: 8923: 8922: 8915: 8905: 8903: 8898:. LiveScience. 8892: 8888: 8878: 8876: 8863: 8862: 8858: 8837: 8833: 8819: 8817: 8810:Simmer Magazine 8802: 8798: 8788: 8786: 8775: 8771: 8761: 8759: 8744: 8740: 8730: 8728: 8724: 8717: 8713: 8712: 8708: 8698: 8696: 8687: 8686: 8682: 8672: 8670: 8661: 8660: 8656: 8639: 8638: 8634: 8624: 8622: 8613: 8612: 8608: 8598: 8596: 8581: 8577: 8567: 8565: 8540: 8539: 8535: 8525: 8523: 8510: 8509: 8505: 8495: 8493: 8478: 8474: 8464: 8462: 8447: 8443: 8436: 8419: 8415: 8408: 8391: 8387: 8377: 8375: 8374:on 8 March 2014 8360: 8356: 8346: 8344: 8329: 8325: 8315: 8313: 8298: 8294: 8280: 8266: 8262: 8253: 8249: 8242: 8226: 8222: 8212: 8210: 8167: 8163: 8153: 8151: 8138: 8137: 8133: 8123: 8121: 8108: 8107: 8103: 8093: 8091: 8078: 8077: 8073: 8063: 8061: 8048: 8047: 8043: 8033: 8031: 8018: 8017: 8013: 8003: 8001: 7992: 7991: 7987: 7968: 7964: 7955: 7951: 7942: 7938: 7933: 7929: 7912: 7908: 7903: 7899: 7890: 7886: 7880:Wayback Machine 7871: 7867: 7858: 7854: 7843: 7829: 7825: 7815: 7813: 7796: 7792: 7782: 7780: 7769: 7765: 7755: 7753: 7742: 7738: 7728: 7726: 7715: 7711: 7701: 7699: 7698:on 27 July 2014 7688: 7684: 7674: 7672: 7663: 7662: 7658: 7648: 7646: 7635: 7631: 7623: 7619: 7611: 7607: 7593: 7589: 7579: 7577: 7562: 7558: 7550: 7546: 7538: 7534: 7526: 7522: 7514: 7510: 7502: 7498: 7489: 7485: 7479:Chicago Tribune 7470:Chicago Tribune 7465:Helena, Montana 7448: 7444: 7438:Wayback Machine 7427:Wayback Machine 7416:Wayback Machine 7406: 7402: 7385: 7378: 7363: 7359: 7344: 7340: 7334:Wayback Machine 7320: 7316: 7300: 7296: 7280: 7279: 7272: 7258: 7256: 7248:The Irish Times 7241: 7240: 7229: 7219: 7205: 7201: 7191: 7173: 7169: 7161: 7157: 7149: 7145: 7137: 7133: 7125: 7121: 7113: 7109: 7101: 7097: 7086: 7082: 7065: 7061: 7044: 7043: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7009: 7005: 6995: 6993: 6978: 6974: 6966: 6962: 6954: 6950: 6942: 6938: 6921: 6917: 6909: 6905: 6895:Wayback Machine 6880:Wayback Machine 6870: 6866: 6857: 6853: 6843: 6841: 6828: 6819: 6809: 6802: 6794: 6790: 6782: 6778: 6773: 6769: 6761: 6757: 6747: 6745: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6710: 6706: 6699: 6683: 6679: 6671:Santino, Jack. 6670: 6666: 6661: 6657: 6652: 6648: 6639: 6635: 6626: 6622: 6613: 6609: 6601: 6597: 6583:Hole, Christina 6581: 6577: 6572: 6549: 6537: 6530: 6520: 6518: 6507: 6503: 6493: 6475: 6471: 6461: 6459: 6450: 6449: 6445: 6440: 6436: 6430:Wayback Machine 6416: 6412: 6406:Wayback Machine 6387: 6383: 6371: 6367: 6362: 6355: 6350: 6346: 6337: 6330: 6321: 6317: 6305: 6301: 6289: 6285: 6273: 6269: 6265:Santino, p. 105 6264: 6260: 6247: 6245: 6238: 6222: 6218: 6207: 6203: 6194: 6190: 6186:Monaghan, p. 41 6185: 6181: 6176: 6172: 6163: 6156: 6143: 6141: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6115: 6106: 6094: 6090: 6084:Wayback Machine 6075: 6071: 6056: 6052: 6042: 6040: 6032: 6031: 6027: 6002: 5998: 5990:Santino, Jack. 5989: 5985: 5976: 5972: 5954: 5950: 5943: 5925: 5921: 5912: 5905: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5877:Wayback Machine 5867: 5863: 5852: 5834: 5830: 5807: 5803: 5797:Stackpole Books 5791: 5787: 5777:Aston, Margaret 5775: 5771: 5761: 5747: 5740: 5732: 5728: 5721: 5703: 5699: 5694: 5690: 5667: 5666: 5662: 5652: 5638: 5634: 5620: 5602: 5598: 5588: 5586: 5579: 5563: 5559: 5550: 5546: 5534: 5530: 5521: 5517: 5506: 5486: 5482: 5471: 5457: 5453: 5443: 5441: 5434: 5414: 5410: 5403: 5389: 5376: 5363: 5359: 5344: 5333: 5324: 5320: 5309: 5301:. p. 183. 5291: 5287: 5276: 5268:. p. 100. 5258: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5228: 5220:. p. 145. 5210: 5203: 5199:Act 2, Scene 1. 5195: 5191: 5181: 5167: 5163: 5154: 5150: 5140: 5126: 5122: 5103: 5096: 5090:Wayback Machine 5076: 5065: 5060: 5053: 5043: 5041: 5028: 5027: 5014: 5007: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4972: 4963: 4959: 4950: 4946: 4940:Wayback Machine 4926: 4919: 4912: 4900: 4899: 4895: 4890: 4879: 4871:Farmer, David. 4870: 4866: 4857: 4853: 4844: 4840: 4827: 4823: 4801: 4797: 4788: 4784: 4774: 4772: 4761: 4757: 4750: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4713: 4709: 4700: 4696: 4673: 4666: 4655: 4637: 4626: 4613: 4612: 4608: 4594: 4592: 4583: 4579: 4569: 4549: 4545: 4535: 4510: 4506: 4498: 4494: 4484: 4482: 4473: 4472: 4463: 4456: 4434: 4430: 4417: 4415: 4408: 4400:. p. 254. 4388: 4384: 4373: 4359: 4355: 4350: 4346: 4341: 4337: 4324: 4322: 4320: 4302: 4298: 4285: 4283: 4275:Cranston Herald 4266: 4262: 4252: 4232: 4228: 4211: 4210: 4206: 4192: 4190: 4186: 4180:Duke University 4175: 4171: 4170: 4166: 4147: 4133: 4129: 4122: 4114:. p. 256. 4102: 4093: 4084: 4077: 4068: 4061: 4040: 4029: 4015: 4013: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3979: 3977: 3976:on 14 June 2011 3953: 3914: 3912: 3899: 3895: 3876: 3874: 3855: 3848: 3833: 3819: 3815: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3781: 3777: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3717: 3715: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3651: 3649: 3647: 3631: 3627: 3605: 3594: 3584: 3582: 3569: 3568: 3564: 3554: 3552: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3531: 3523:. p. 231. 3513: 3509: 3489: 3488: 3484: 3472: 3470: 3461: 3460: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3439: 3431:. p. 533. 3421: 3417: 3406: 3402: 3392: 3390: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3354: 3350: 3332: 3330: 3323: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3286: 3284: 3277: 3261: 3254: 3243: 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95: 92:All Saints' Eve 72: 69:jack-o'-lantern 49: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 17986: 17976: 17975: 17970: 17965: 17960: 17955: 17950: 17948:Irish folklore 17945: 17940: 17935: 17930: 17925: 17920: 17903: 17902: 17890: 17887: 17886: 17884: 17883: 17875: 17869: 17861: 17858:Laylat al-Qadr 17855: 17847: 17846: 17845: 17830: 17829: 17828: 17820:(Muharram 10) 17813: 17804: 17802: 17798: 17797: 17795: 17794: 17793:(2 last weeks) 17786: 17782:New Year's Eve 17778: 17772: 17765: 17763: 17759: 17758: 17756: 17755: 17751:Revolution Day 17746: 17744: 17740: 17739: 17737: 17736: 17730: 17723: 17721: 17717: 17716: 17714: 17713: 17706: 17704: 17700: 17699: 17697: 17696: 17687: 17685: 17681: 17680: 17678: 17677: 17671: 17667:Children's Day 17662: 17660: 17656: 17655: 17653: 17652: 17643: 17641: 17637: 17636: 17634: 17633: 17625: 17619: 17610: 17608: 17604: 17603: 17601: 17600: 17592: 17586: 17578: 17570: 17563: 17561: 17557: 17556: 17554: 17553: 17552:(2 last weeks) 17545: 17539: 17533: 17525: 17516: 17514: 17510: 17509: 17507: 17506: 17500: 17493: 17491: 17487: 17486: 17484: 17483: 17475: 17471:New Year's Day 17466: 17464: 17460: 17459: 17445: 17444: 17437: 17430: 17422: 17413: 17412: 17398: 17395: 17394: 17391: 17390: 17387: 17386: 17384: 17383: 17378: 17373: 17364: 17355: 17346: 17341: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17319:Heritage Sites 17316: 17311: 17306: 17300: 17298: 17294: 17293: 17291: 17290: 17285: 17280: 17275: 17270: 17269: 17268: 17258: 17253: 17246: 17240: 17238: 17232: 17231: 17229: 17228: 17223: 17218: 17213: 17208: 17203: 17198: 17193: 17188: 17183: 17177: 17175: 17169: 17168: 17166: 17165: 17160: 17155: 17150: 17145: 17143:Irish diaspora 17140: 17135: 17134: 17133: 17131:Gaelic Ireland 17123: 17117: 17115: 17109: 17108: 17106: 17105: 17100: 17093: 17086: 17079: 17072: 17065: 17058: 17057: 17056: 17051: 17046: 17041: 17030: 17028: 17022: 17021: 17019: 17018: 17013: 17008: 17003: 17002: 17001: 16991: 16984: 16978: 16976: 16970: 16969: 16967: 16966: 16961: 16956: 16951: 16944: 16939: 16933: 16931: 16925: 16924: 16922: 16921: 16916: 16911: 16906: 16900: 16898: 16892: 16891: 16889: 16888: 16883: 16874: 16872:Rose of Tralee 16869: 16864: 16859: 16854: 16849: 16843: 16841: 16837: 16836: 16834: 16833: 16828: 16823: 16816: 16810: 16808: 16802: 16801: 16798: 16797: 16795: 16794: 16789: 16784: 16779: 16774: 16769: 16764: 16758: 16756: 16752: 16751: 16749: 16748: 16743: 16738: 16733: 16728: 16723: 16718: 16713: 16708: 16703: 16698: 16693: 16688: 16683: 16681:List of dishes 16677: 16675: 16668: 16658: 16657: 16645: 16644: 16641: 16640: 16637: 16636: 16634: 16633: 16628: 16623: 16622: 16621: 16611: 16606: 16601: 16600: 16599: 16597:D'Hondt method 16588: 16586: 16580: 16579: 16577: 16576: 16571: 16570: 16569: 16564: 16558:Seanad Éireann 16554: 16534: 16529: 16524: 16523: 16522: 16512: 16507: 16502: 16497: 16491: 16489: 16483: 16482: 16480: 16479: 16474: 16469: 16464: 16458: 16456: 16448: 16447: 16435: 16434: 16431: 16430: 16427: 16426: 16424: 16423: 16418: 16413: 16408: 16403: 16398: 16393: 16388: 16379: 16374: 16369: 16368: 16367: 16362: 16351: 16349: 16345: 16344: 16342: 16341: 16332: 16331: 16330: 16320: 16315: 16310: 16305: 16300: 16298:Extreme points 16295: 16290: 16288:Climate change 16285: 16279: 16277: 16269: 16268: 16256: 16255: 16252: 16251: 16248: 16247: 16245: 16244: 16239: 16234: 16229: 16224: 16219: 16213: 16211: 16207: 16206: 16204: 16203: 16198: 16193: 16188: 16183: 16178: 16173: 16168: 16163: 16158: 16153: 16148: 16143: 16138: 16133: 16128: 16123: 16118: 16113: 16108: 16106:1803 Rebellion 16103: 16098: 16096:1798 Rebellion 16093: 16088: 16083: 16081:Williamite War 16078: 16069: 16063:1641 Rebellion 16060: 16055: 16050: 16045: 16043:Spanish Armada 16040: 16035: 16033:Tudor conquest 16030: 16025: 16023:Bruce campaign 16020: 16015: 16001: 15999: 15995: 15994: 15992: 15991: 15986: 15981: 15980: 15979: 15969: 15968:(1921–present) 15963: 15958: 15956:Irish Republic 15953: 15952: 15951: 15941: 15940: 15939: 15934: 15924: 15923: 15922: 15917: 15915:800–1169 15906:Gaelic Ireland 15903: 15898: 15893: 15887: 15885: 15875: 15874: 15862: 15861: 15859: 15858: 15850: 15841: 15838: 15837: 15827: 15826: 15819: 15812: 15804: 15795: 15794: 15792: 15791: 15780: 15777: 15776: 15774: 15773: 15767: 15765: 15761: 15760: 15758: 15757: 15752: 15747: 15742: 15737: 15732: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15707: 15701: 15699: 15693: 15692: 15680: 15679: 15672: 15665: 15657: 15648: 15647: 15608: 15605: 15604: 15602: 15596: 15593:Ghost Festival 15590: 15584: 15578: 15572: 15566: 15563:Laylat al-Qadr 15560: 15554: 15548: 15542: 15536: 15530: 15528: 15524: 15523: 15521: 15520: 15514: 15508: 15502: 15496: 15493:Rosa Parks Day 15490: 15484: 15478: 15472: 15466: 15460: 15454: 15448: 15442: 15436: 15430: 15425: 15420: 15414: 15408: 15402: 15396: 15390: 15384: 15376: 15374:New Year's Eve 15371: 15365: 15364: 15362: 15358: 15357: 15355: 15354: 15348: 15342: 15336: 15330: 15324: 15318: 15312: 15306: 15300: 15294: 15288: 15282: 15276: 15270: 15264: 15254: 15248: 15242: 15234: 15233: 15227: 15220: 15219: 15217: 15209: 15208: 15206: 15203:Mawlid al-Nabi 15200: 15194: 15188: 15182: 15176: 15174: 15170: 15169: 15167: 15166: 15160: 15154: 15148: 15143: 15137: 15131: 15125: 15119: 15116:Nanomonestotse 15113: 15107: 15101: 15096: 15091: 15086: 15081: 15075: 15067: 15066: 15061: 15054: 15053: 15051: 15027: 15026: 15024: 15018: 15015:Vijaya Dashami 15012: 15006: 15000: 14994: 14988: 14983: 14977: 14975: 14967: 14966: 14964: 14963: 14958: 14952: 14946: 14940: 14934: 14928: 14922: 14916: 14910: 14904: 14898: 14892: 14886: 14881: 14875: 14869: 14863: 14862:(NY, cultural) 14855: 14854: 14847: 14846: 14844: 14832: 14831: 14829: 14823: 14817: 14811: 14808:Raksha Bandhan 14805: 14799: 14793: 14787: 14781: 14775: 14769: 14763: 14757: 14751: 14745: 14739: 14733: 14727: 14721: 14719: 14715: 14714: 14712: 14711: 14703: 14698: 14697: 14695: 14691: 14690: 14688: 14687: 14681: 14675: 14669: 14663: 14660:Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea 14657: 14651: 14645: 14644:(VI, cultural) 14639: 14633: 14627: 14619: 14613: 14612: 14610: 14606: 14605: 14603: 14602: 14596: 14590: 14584: 14578: 14572: 14566: 14563:Kamehameha Day 14560: 14554: 14548: 14542: 14536: 14530: 14524: 14518: 14510: 14504: 14498: 14497: 14495: 14485: 14484: 14482: 14481: 14471: 14465: 14459: 14453: 14447: 14441: 14435: 14430: 14424: 14419: 14413: 14407: 14401: 14391: 14385: 14379: 14373: 14367: 14359: 14358: 14353: 14347: 14340: 14339: 14337: 14318: 14317: 14315: 14312:Yom Ha'atzmaut 14309: 14303: 14298: 14292: 14286: 14280: 14277:Pascua Florida 14274: 14268: 14262: 14256: 14250: 14245: 14239: 14233: 14227: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14210: 14198: 14197: 14195: 14194: 14188: 14182: 14176: 14170: 14164: 14158: 14152: 14146: 14140: 14134: 14128: 14120: 14114: 14113: 14111: 14107: 14106: 14104: 14103: 14097: 14091: 14085: 14079: 14073: 14067: 14061: 14055: 14050: 14044: 14038: 14032: 14027: 14021: 14015: 14009: 14003: 13997: 13991: 13985: 13979: 13976:Evacuation Day 13973: 13972:(PR, cultural) 13967: 13961: 13955: 13947: 13941: 13935: 13934: 13932: 13916: 13915: 13913: 13912: 13907: 13904:Shrove Tuesday 13901: 13895: 13892:Mahashivaratri 13889: 13883: 13877: 13871: 13865: 13857: 13852: 13851: 13849: 13848:February–March 13845: 13844: 13842: 13841: 13835: 13829: 13823: 13820:Rosa Parks Day 13817: 13811: 13805: 13799: 13793: 13787: 13782: 13776: 13770: 13765: 13759: 13753: 13747: 13741: 13733: 13728: 13722: 13721: 13719: 13707: 13706: 13704: 13703: 13697: 13694:Lunar New Year 13685: 13680: 13679: 13677: 13673: 13672: 13670: 13669: 13663: 13657: 13651: 13645: 13639: 13633: 13627: 13621: 13615: 13609: 13603: 13597: 13591: 13583: 13582: 13576: 13573:New Year's Day 13569: 13568: 13566: 13562: 13561: 13556: 13555: 13548: 13541: 13533: 13524: 13523: 13521: 13520: 13509: 13506: 13505: 13503: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13485:The Ghost Club 13482: 13481: 13480: 13470: 13465: 13463:Fear of ghosts 13459: 13457: 13453: 13452: 13450: 13449: 13444: 13436: 13434: 13430: 13429: 13427: 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13405: 13404: 13399: 13388: 13386: 13382: 13381: 13379: 13378: 13373: 13372: 13371: 13361: 13356: 13355: 13354: 13342: 13336: 13334: 13332:Parapsychology 13328: 13327: 13325: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13308: 13306: 13302: 13301: 13298: 13297: 13295: 13294: 13289: 13283: 13281: 13277: 13276: 13274: 13273: 13267: 13265: 13261: 13260: 13258: 13257: 13256: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13240: 13235: 13230: 13220: 13219: 13218: 13213: 13203: 13202: 13201: 13199:Ghost sickness 13196: 13188: 13187: 13186: 13178: 13172: 13170: 13166: 13165: 13163: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13151: 13150: 13142: 13141: 13140: 13135: 13124: 13122: 13118: 13117: 13115: 13114: 13109: 13108: 13107: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13086: 13085: 13080: 13070: 13069: 13068: 13063: 13053: 13051:Ghost Festival 13048: 13047: 13046: 13036: 13035: 13034: 13029: 13019: 13013: 13011: 13007: 13006: 13004: 13003: 12998:South Africa ( 12996: 12990: 12988: 12981: 12975: 12974: 12972: 12971: 12966: 12964:Vengeful ghost 12961: 12956: 12951: 12946: 12941: 12939:Haunted trains 12936: 12931: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12910: 12908: 12907:Manifestations 12904: 12903: 12900:List of ghosts 12898: 12895: 12894: 12883: 12882: 12875: 12868: 12860: 12851: 12850: 12848: 12847: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12820: 12815: 12814: 12813: 12808: 12803: 12794: 12793: 12783: 12779: 12776: 12775: 12772: 12771: 12768: 12767: 12765: 12764: 12754: 12750: 12747: 12746: 12744: 12743: 12738: 12736:All Souls' Day 12733: 12732: 12731: 12719: 12714: 12709: 12704: 12699: 12694: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12675:Precious Blood 12672: 12665: 12660: 12655: 12652:Corpus Christi 12648: 12646:Trinity Sunday 12643: 12638: 12632: 12630: 12624: 12623: 12621: 12620: 12613: 12608: 12607: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12573: 12572: 12571: 12560: 12558: 12552: 12551: 12549: 12548: 12543: 12538: 12533: 12532: 12531: 12526: 12516: 12510: 12508: 12502: 12501: 12498: 12497: 12495: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12482:Passion Sunday 12478: 12476: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12466: 12461: 12454: 12449: 12448: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12424: 12418: 12416: 12410: 12409: 12407: 12406: 12401: 12396: 12390: 12388: 12379: 12373: 12372: 12370: 12369: 12364: 12359: 12354: 12346: 12344: 12338: 12337: 12335: 12334: 12329: 12322: 12321: 12320: 12307: 12305: 12299: 12298: 12296: 12295: 12290: 12288:Greater Ferias 12285: 12278: 12273: 12272: 12271: 12266: 12261: 12256: 12247: 12245: 12235: 12234: 12209: 12208: 12205: 12204: 12201: 12200: 12198: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12185:All Souls' Day 12182: 12181: 12180: 12168: 12163: 12158: 12151: 12146: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12121:Corpus Christi 12117: 12115:Trinity Sunday 12111: 12109: 12103: 12102: 12100: 12099: 12094: 12087: 12086: 12085: 12080: 12075: 12070: 12065: 12060: 12059: 12058: 12045: 12044: 12043: 12032: 12030: 12024: 12023: 12021: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 12004: 12003: 11998: 11987: 11985: 11979: 11978: 11976: 11975: 11970: 11965: 11960: 11953: 11952: 11951: 11946: 11941: 11936: 11931: 11923: 11917: 11915: 11909: 11908: 11906: 11905: 11899: 11897: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11887: 11882: 11875: 11868: 11863: 11862: 11861: 11856: 11843: 11841: 11835: 11834: 11827: 11825: 11823: 11822: 11817: 11810: 11809: 11808: 11803: 11798: 11793: 11784: 11782: 11772: 11771: 11746: 11745: 11734: 11733: 11726: 11719: 11711: 11702: 11701: 11699: 11698: 11696:Blue Christmas 11693: 11688: 11682: 11680: 11676: 11675: 11673: 11672: 11667: 11662: 11657: 11652: 11647: 11642: 11637: 11632: 11626: 11624: 11620: 11619: 11617: 11616: 11611: 11606: 11601: 11595: 11593: 11589: 11588: 11586: 11585: 11583:Pangangaluluwa 11580: 11575: 11570: 11565: 11560: 11555: 11550: 11548:Votive candles 11545: 11540: 11535: 11529: 11527: 11523: 11522: 11515: 11513: 11511: 11510: 11505: 11500: 11495: 11493:All Souls' Day 11490: 11485: 11480: 11474: 11472: 11468: 11467: 11460: 11459: 11452: 11445: 11437: 11428: 11427: 11425: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11403: 11402: 11392: 11387: 11386: 11385: 11380: 11375: 11369:Howl-O-Scream 11367: 11362: 11357: 11356: 11355: 11350: 11348:Kings Dominion 11345: 11340: 11335: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11311: 11309: 11308:At theme parks 11305: 11304: 11297: 11295: 11293: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11280:Shocktoberfest 11277: 11272: 11267: 11262: 11257: 11251: 11249: 11245: 11244: 11236: 11235: 11228: 11221: 11213: 11204: 11203: 11190: 11187: 11186: 11184: 11183: 11178: 11173: 11168: 11163: 11161:Mischief Night 11158: 11153: 11148: 11143: 11141:Eid il-Burbara 11138: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11121:All Souls' Day 11118: 11113: 11107: 11105: 11101: 11100: 11097: 11096: 11094: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11072: 11070: 11062: 11061: 11059: 11058: 11053: 11051:Zhōng yuán jié 11048: 11043: 11038: 11033: 11028: 11026:Día de Muertos 11023: 11018: 11012: 11010: 10999: 10993: 10992: 10990: 10989: 10988: 10987: 10980: 10970: 10969: 10968: 10963: 10953: 10948: 10942: 10940: 10936: 10935: 10933: 10932: 10931: 10930: 10920: 10919: 10918: 10908: 10902: 10900: 10896: 10895: 10893: 10892: 10890:Pangangaluluwa 10887: 10882: 10877: 10872: 10871: 10870: 10865: 10855: 10853:Halloween Tree 10850: 10845: 10844: 10843: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10812: 10810: 10806: 10805: 10803: 10802: 10797: 10792: 10787: 10782: 10781: 10780: 10775: 10764: 10762: 10756: 10755: 10746: 10745: 10738: 10731: 10723: 10717: 10716: 10707: 10701: 10690: 10689:External links 10687: 10685: 10684: 10672:James Tipper, 10670: 10652: 10634: 10616: 10598: 10588:Reaktion Books 10580: 10562: 10544: 10530: 10516: 10502: 10483: 10475: 10472: 10469: 10468: 10440: 10414: 10381: 10348: 10318: 10292: 10261: 10239: 10227: 10215: 10204:on 29 May 2014 10181: 10158: 10130: 10102: 10072: 10027: 10001: 9967: 9936: 9917: 9891: 9879: 9867: 9841: 9804: 9776: 9754: 9727: 9715: 9704: 9682: 9656: 9630: 9613: 9601: 9574: 9563: 9545: 9533: 9503: 9501:(Smith), p. 29 9491: 9465: 9437: 9411: 9397:on 18 May 2012 9382: 9370: 9349: 9332: 9312: 9286: 9266: 9228: 9198: 9168: 9134: 9104: 9092: 9069: 9049: 9021: 9014: 8994: 8987: 8967: 8942: 8913: 8886: 8856: 8842:. 1920–1990", 8831: 8796: 8769: 8738: 8706: 8680: 8654: 8632: 8606: 8575: 8533: 8503: 8472: 8441: 8434: 8422:Surrell, Jason 8413: 8406: 8385: 8368:America Haunts 8354: 8323: 8312:on 11 May 2011 8292: 8278: 8260: 8247: 8240: 8220: 8161: 8131: 8114:Irish Examiner 8101: 8071: 8041: 8011: 7985: 7962: 7949: 7936: 7927: 7906: 7897: 7884: 7865: 7852: 7841: 7823: 7790: 7763: 7736: 7709: 7682: 7671:on 4 June 2009 7656: 7629: 7617: 7605: 7587: 7556: 7544: 7532: 7520: 7508: 7496: 7483: 7452:Oregon Journal 7442: 7400: 7376: 7357: 7338: 7314: 7294: 7270: 7227: 7217: 7199: 7189: 7183:. p. 70. 7167: 7155: 7143: 7131: 7119: 7107: 7095: 7080: 7059: 7029: 7003: 6986:PoetryExplorer 6972: 6960: 6948: 6936: 6915: 6903: 6864: 6851: 6817: 6800: 6788: 6776: 6767: 6755: 6725: 6704: 6697: 6677: 6664: 6655: 6646: 6633: 6620: 6607: 6595: 6575: 6547: 6528: 6501: 6491: 6469: 6443: 6434: 6410: 6381: 6373:Danaher, Kevin 6365: 6363:Hutton, p. 380 6353: 6351:Hutton, p. 379 6344: 6328: 6315: 6299: 6283: 6275:Danaher, Kevin 6267: 6258: 6236: 6216: 6201: 6188: 6179: 6177:Hutton, p. 361 6170: 6154: 6125: 6117:Hutton, Ronald 6104: 6088: 6069: 6050: 6025: 5996: 5983: 5970: 5967:. p. 208. 5948: 5941: 5935:. p. 19. 5919: 5913:Morton, Lisa. 5903: 5881: 5861: 5850: 5828: 5801: 5785: 5769: 5759: 5738: 5726: 5719: 5697: 5695:Hutton, p. 372 5688: 5660: 5650: 5632: 5618: 5612:. p. 85. 5596: 5577: 5557: 5544: 5528: 5515: 5504: 5480: 5469: 5451: 5432: 5408: 5401: 5374: 5372:, 1951. pp.236 5357: 5331: 5318: 5307: 5285: 5274: 5249: 5237: 5226: 5201: 5189: 5179: 5161: 5148: 5138: 5120: 5108:, ed. (1883). 5094: 5063: 5051: 5012: 5005: 4979: 4970: 4957: 4944: 4917: 4910: 4893: 4891:Hutton, p. 364 4877: 4864: 4851: 4838: 4821: 4806:, ed. (1911). 4804:Chisholm, Hugh 4795: 4782: 4755: 4748: 4725: 4707: 4703:Fortress Press 4694: 4664: 4653: 4647:. p. 47. 4624: 4606: 4577: 4543: 4531: 4504: 4492: 4461: 4454: 4448:. p. 22. 4428: 4406: 4382: 4371: 4353: 4344: 4342:Santino, p. 85 4335: 4318: 4296: 4260: 4250: 4226: 4204: 4164: 4145: 4127: 4120: 4091: 4075: 4059: 4027: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3961: 3951: 3938: 3925: 3893: 3846: 3831: 3813: 3795: 3775: 3753: 3728: 3701: 3683: 3663: 3645: 3625: 3592: 3562: 3536: 3529: 3507: 3482: 3473:|journal= 3447: 3437: 3429:Baker Academic 3415: 3410:Folk-etymology 3400: 3374: 3348: 3321: 3298: 3275: 3252: 3241: 3216: 3168: 3138: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3094: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3078: 3076:St. John's Eve 3073: 3068: 3063: 3058: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3038: 3033: 3031:Ghost Festival 3028: 3023: 3018: 3016:Campfire story 3013: 3007: 3006: 3005: 2991: 2975: 2972: 2963: 2960: 2927:Main article: 2924: 2921: 2896: 2893: 2872: 2869: 2840: 2837: 2786:Main article: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2741:churches use " 2735:fundamentalist 2607:and attending 2567:votive candles 2547:Night of Light 2535:church service 2483: 2480: 2479: 2478: 2473: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2438: 2433:(Ireland; see 2428: 2423: 2421:Caramel apples 2418: 2411: 2408:candy pumpkins 2397: 2387: 2384:Bonfire toffee 2381: 2271: 2268: 2232:Haunted Castle 2224:March of Dimes 2156:haunted houses 2115:Main article: 2112: 2109: 1909: 1906: 1889: 1886: 1757:Main article: 1754: 1751: 1704:Blackie Herald 1664:Pangangaluluwa 1629:Shrove Tuesday 1592:Main article: 1589: 1586: 1354: 1351: 1281: 1278: 1258:mangel wurzels 1084:Daniel Maclise 1048:Celts, called 986: 983: 856:predestination 745:hot cross buns 692: 691: 682: 681: 680: 671: 670: 669: 668: 667: 661:concerns over 549:All Souls' Day 540: 537: 535: 532: 449: 446: 432:foods on this 251: 250: 237:Mischief Night 206: 202: 201: 196: 192: 191: 174: 170: 169: 137: 133: 132: 126: 122: 121: 115: 111: 110: 101: 97: 96: 94: 93: 90: 87: 86:All Hallowe'en 84: 80: 78: 74: 73: 66: 58: 57: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 17985: 17974: 17971: 17969: 17966: 17964: 17961: 17959: 17956: 17954: 17951: 17949: 17946: 17944: 17941: 17939: 17936: 17934: 17931: 17929: 17926: 17924: 17923:Allhallowtide 17921: 17919: 17916: 17915: 17913: 17899: 17893: 17888: 17881: 17880: 17876: 17873: 17872:Day of Arafah 17870: 17867: 17866: 17862: 17859: 17856: 17853: 17852: 17848: 17844: 17843: 17839: 17838: 17836: 17835: 17831: 17827: 17826: 17822: 17821: 17819: 17818: 17814: 17811: 17810: 17806: 17805: 17803: 17799: 17792: 17791: 17787: 17784: 17783: 17779: 17776: 17773: 17770: 17769:Christmas Eve 17767: 17766: 17764: 17760: 17753: 17752: 17748: 17747: 17745: 17741: 17734: 17731: 17728: 17725: 17724: 17722: 17718: 17711: 17708: 17707: 17705: 17701: 17694: 17693: 17689: 17688: 17686: 17682: 17675: 17672: 17669: 17668: 17664: 17663: 17661: 17657: 17650: 17649: 17645: 17644: 17642: 17638: 17632:(last Sunday) 17631: 17630: 17626: 17623: 17620: 17617: 17616: 17612: 17611: 17609: 17605: 17598: 17597: 17593: 17590: 17587: 17584: 17583: 17582:Berber Spring 17579: 17576: 17575: 17574:Knowledge Day 17571: 17568: 17565: 17564: 17562: 17558: 17551: 17550: 17546: 17543: 17540: 17537: 17534: 17531: 17530: 17526: 17523: 17522: 17518: 17517: 17515: 17511: 17504: 17501: 17498: 17495: 17494: 17492: 17488: 17481: 17480: 17476: 17473: 17472: 17468: 17467: 17465: 17461: 17457: 17452: 17443: 17438: 17436: 17431: 17429: 17424: 17423: 17420: 17410: 17409: 17396: 17382: 17379: 17377: 17376:Public houses 17374: 17372: 17368: 17365: 17363: 17359: 17356: 17354: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17342: 17340: 17337: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17305: 17302: 17301: 17299: 17295: 17289: 17286: 17284: 17281: 17279: 17276: 17274: 17271: 17267: 17264: 17263: 17262: 17259: 17257: 17254: 17252: 17251: 17247: 17245: 17242: 17241: 17239: 17237: 17233: 17227: 17224: 17222: 17219: 17217: 17214: 17212: 17209: 17207: 17204: 17202: 17199: 17197: 17194: 17192: 17189: 17187: 17184: 17182: 17179: 17178: 17176: 17174: 17170: 17164: 17161: 17159: 17156: 17154: 17151: 17149: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17139: 17136: 17132: 17129: 17128: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17118: 17116: 17114: 17110: 17104: 17101: 17099: 17098: 17094: 17092: 17091: 17087: 17085: 17084: 17080: 17078: 17077: 17073: 17071: 17070: 17066: 17064: 17063: 17059: 17055: 17052: 17050: 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17036: 17035: 17032: 17031: 17029: 17027: 17023: 17017: 17014: 17012: 17009: 17007: 17004: 17000: 16997: 16996: 16995: 16992: 16990: 16989: 16985: 16983: 16980: 16979: 16977: 16975: 16971: 16965: 16962: 16960: 16957: 16955: 16952: 16950: 16949: 16945: 16943: 16940: 16938: 16935: 16934: 16932: 16930: 16926: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16901: 16899: 16897: 16893: 16887: 16884: 16882: 16878: 16875: 16873: 16870: 16868: 16865: 16863: 16860: 16858: 16855: 16853: 16850: 16848: 16845: 16844: 16842: 16838: 16832: 16829: 16827: 16824: 16822: 16821: 16817: 16815: 16812: 16811: 16809: 16807: 16803: 16793: 16790: 16788: 16785: 16783: 16780: 16778: 16775: 16773: 16770: 16768: 16765: 16763: 16760: 16759: 16757: 16753: 16747: 16744: 16742: 16739: 16737: 16734: 16732: 16729: 16727: 16724: 16722: 16719: 16717: 16714: 16712: 16709: 16707: 16704: 16702: 16699: 16697: 16694: 16692: 16689: 16687: 16684: 16682: 16679: 16678: 16676: 16672: 16669: 16667: 16663: 16659: 16655: 16650: 16646: 16632: 16631:Peace process 16629: 16627: 16624: 16620: 16617: 16616: 16615: 16612: 16610: 16607: 16605: 16602: 16598: 16595: 16594: 16593: 16590: 16589: 16587: 16585: 16581: 16575: 16572: 16568: 16565: 16563: 16561:(upper house) 16559: 16555: 16553: 16551:(lower house) 16549: 16545: 16544: 16543: 16539: 16535: 16533: 16530: 16528: 16525: 16521: 16518: 16517: 16516: 16513: 16511: 16508: 16506: 16503: 16501: 16498: 16496: 16493: 16492: 16490: 16488: 16484: 16478: 16475: 16473: 16470: 16468: 16467:Republicanism 16465: 16463: 16460: 16459: 16457: 16453: 16449: 16445: 16440: 16436: 16422: 16419: 16417: 16414: 16412: 16409: 16407: 16404: 16402: 16399: 16397: 16394: 16392: 16389: 16387: 16383: 16380: 16378: 16375: 16373: 16370: 16366: 16363: 16361: 16358: 16357: 16356: 16353: 16352: 16350: 16346: 16340: 16336: 16333: 16329: 16326: 16325: 16324: 16321: 16319: 16316: 16314: 16311: 16309: 16306: 16304: 16301: 16299: 16296: 16294: 16291: 16289: 16286: 16284: 16281: 16280: 16278: 16274: 16270: 16266: 16261: 16257: 16243: 16240: 16238: 16235: 16233: 16230: 16228: 16225: 16223: 16220: 16218: 16215: 16214: 16212: 16208: 16202: 16199: 16197: 16194: 16192: 16189: 16187: 16184: 16182: 16181:Peace process 16179: 16177: 16174: 16172: 16169: 16167: 16164: 16162: 16161:The Emergency 16159: 16157: 16154: 16152: 16149: 16147: 16144: 16142: 16141:Easter Rising 16139: 16137: 16134: 16132: 16129: 16127: 16126:Fenian Rising 16124: 16122: 16119: 16117: 16114: 16112: 16109: 16107: 16104: 16102: 16099: 16097: 16094: 16092: 16089: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16073: 16070: 16068: 16064: 16061: 16059: 16056: 16054: 16051: 16049: 16046: 16044: 16041: 16039: 16036: 16034: 16031: 16029: 16026: 16024: 16021: 16019: 16016: 16014: 16010: 16006: 16003: 16002: 16000: 15996: 15990: 15987: 15985: 15982: 15978: 15975: 15974: 15973: 15970: 15967: 15964: 15962: 15959: 15957: 15954: 15950: 15947: 15946: 15945: 15942: 15938: 15935: 15933: 15930: 15929: 15928: 15925: 15921: 15918: 15916: 15913: 15912: 15911: 15907: 15904: 15902: 15901:Early history 15899: 15897: 15894: 15892: 15889: 15888: 15886: 15884: 15880: 15876: 15872: 15867: 15863: 15857: 15854: 15851: 15849: 15846: 15843: 15842: 15839: 15835: 15832: 15825: 15820: 15818: 15813: 15811: 15806: 15805: 15802: 15790: 15782: 15781: 15778: 15772: 15771:Well dressing 15769: 15768: 15766: 15762: 15756: 15753: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15731: 15728: 15726: 15723: 15721: 15718: 15715: 15711: 15708: 15706: 15705:Plough Monday 15703: 15702: 15700: 15698: 15694: 15687: 15678: 15673: 15671: 15666: 15664: 15659: 15658: 15655: 15644: 15640: 15636: 15632: 15628: 15624: 15622: 15618: 15614: 15606: 15600: 15597: 15594: 15591: 15588: 15585: 15582: 15579: 15576: 15573: 15570: 15567: 15564: 15561: 15558: 15555: 15552: 15551:Yawm al-Arafa 15549: 15546: 15543: 15540: 15537: 15534: 15531: 15529: 15525: 15518: 15515: 15512: 15509: 15506: 15503: 15500: 15497: 15494: 15491: 15488: 15485: 15482: 15479: 15476: 15473: 15470: 15467: 15464: 15461: 15458: 15455: 15452: 15449: 15446: 15443: 15440: 15437: 15434: 15431: 15429: 15426: 15424: 15421: 15418: 15415: 15412: 15411:Christmas Eve 15409: 15406: 15403: 15400: 15397: 15394: 15391: 15388: 15385: 15382: 15381:Advent Sunday 15379: 15378: 15375: 15372: 15369: 15366: 15363: 15359: 15352: 15349: 15346: 15343: 15340: 15337: 15334: 15331: 15328: 15325: 15322: 15319: 15316: 15313: 15310: 15307: 15304: 15301: 15298: 15295: 15292: 15289: 15286: 15283: 15280: 15277: 15274: 15271: 15268: 15265: 15262: 15258: 15255: 15252: 15249: 15246: 15243: 15240: 15237: 15236: 15231: 15228: 15225: 15222: 15221: 15218: 15216: 15210: 15204: 15201: 15198: 15195: 15192: 15189: 15186: 15183: 15180: 15177: 15175: 15171: 15164: 15161: 15158: 15155: 15152: 15149: 15147: 15144: 15141: 15138: 15135: 15132: 15129: 15126: 15123: 15120: 15117: 15114: 15111: 15108: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15085: 15082: 15079: 15076: 15073: 15070: 15069: 15065: 15062: 15059: 15056: 15055: 15052: 15050: 15046: 15042: 15038: 15034: 15028: 15022: 15019: 15016: 15013: 15010: 15009:Simchat Torah 15007: 15004: 15001: 14998: 14995: 14992: 14989: 14987: 14984: 14981: 14978: 14976: 14974: 14968: 14962: 14959: 14956: 14953: 14950: 14947: 14944: 14941: 14938: 14935: 14932: 14929: 14926: 14923: 14920: 14917: 14914: 14911: 14908: 14905: 14902: 14899: 14896: 14893: 14890: 14889:Defenders Day 14887: 14885: 14882: 14879: 14876: 14873: 14870: 14867: 14864: 14861: 14860:Brazilian Day 14858: 14857: 14852: 14849: 14848: 14845: 14843: 14839: 14833: 14827: 14824: 14821: 14818: 14815: 14812: 14809: 14806: 14803: 14800: 14797: 14794: 14791: 14790:Naga Panchami 14788: 14785: 14782: 14779: 14776: 14773: 14770: 14767: 14764: 14761: 14758: 14755: 14752: 14749: 14748:Eid-e-Ghadeer 14746: 14743: 14740: 14737: 14734: 14731: 14728: 14725: 14722: 14720: 14716: 14709: 14706: 14705: 14702: 14699: 14696: 14692: 14685: 14682: 14679: 14676: 14673: 14670: 14667: 14664: 14661: 14658: 14655: 14652: 14649: 14646: 14643: 14640: 14637: 14634: 14631: 14628: 14625: 14622: 14621: 14617: 14614: 14611: 14607: 14600: 14597: 14594: 14591: 14588: 14585: 14582: 14579: 14576: 14573: 14570: 14567: 14564: 14561: 14558: 14555: 14552: 14549: 14546: 14543: 14540: 14537: 14534: 14531: 14528: 14527:Don Young Day 14525: 14522: 14519: 14516: 14513: 14512: 14508: 14505: 14502: 14499: 14496: 14494: 14486: 14479: 14475: 14472: 14469: 14466: 14463: 14460: 14457: 14454: 14451: 14448: 14445: 14442: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14428: 14425: 14423: 14420: 14417: 14416:Malcolm X Day 14414: 14411: 14408: 14405: 14402: 14399: 14395: 14392: 14389: 14386: 14383: 14380: 14377: 14376:Caliphate Day 14374: 14371: 14368: 14365: 14362: 14361: 14357: 14356:Cinco de Mayo 14354: 14351: 14348: 14345: 14342: 14341: 14338: 14335: 14331: 14327: 14319: 14313: 14310: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14296: 14293: 14290: 14287: 14284: 14283:Patriots' Day 14281: 14278: 14275: 14272: 14269: 14266: 14263: 14260: 14257: 14254: 14251: 14249: 14246: 14243: 14240: 14237: 14234: 14231: 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14209: 14205: 14199: 14192: 14189: 14186: 14183: 14180: 14177: 14174: 14171: 14168: 14165: 14162: 14159: 14156: 14153: 14150: 14147: 14144: 14141: 14138: 14137:Holy Thursday 14135: 14132: 14129: 14126: 14123: 14122: 14118: 14115: 14112: 14108: 14101: 14098: 14095: 14092: 14089: 14086: 14083: 14080: 14077: 14074: 14071: 14068: 14065: 14062: 14059: 14056: 14054: 14051: 14048: 14045: 14042: 14039: 14036: 14033: 14031: 14028: 14025: 14022: 14019: 14016: 14013: 14010: 14007: 14004: 14001: 13998: 13995: 13992: 13989: 13986: 13983: 13980: 13977: 13974: 13971: 13968: 13965: 13962: 13959: 13956: 13953: 13950: 13949: 13945: 13942: 13939: 13936: 13933: 13931: 13927: 13923: 13917: 13911: 13910:Super Tuesday 13908: 13905: 13902: 13899: 13896: 13893: 13890: 13887: 13884: 13881: 13878: 13875: 13872: 13869: 13866: 13863: 13862:Ash Wednesday 13860: 13859: 13856: 13853: 13850: 13846: 13839: 13836: 13833: 13830: 13827: 13826:Saviours' Day 13824: 13821: 13818: 13815: 13812: 13809: 13806: 13803: 13800: 13797: 13794: 13791: 13788: 13786: 13783: 13780: 13777: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13768:Groundhog Day 13766: 13763: 13760: 13757: 13754: 13751: 13748: 13745: 13742: 13739: 13736: 13735: 13732: 13729: 13726: 13723: 13720: 13718: 13714: 13708: 13701: 13698: 13695: 13691: 13688: 13687: 13684: 13681: 13678: 13674: 13667: 13664: 13661: 13658: 13655: 13652: 13649: 13646: 13643: 13640: 13637: 13634: 13631: 13628: 13625: 13622: 13619: 13616: 13613: 13610: 13607: 13604: 13601: 13598: 13595: 13592: 13589: 13586: 13585: 13580: 13577: 13574: 13571: 13570: 13567: 13563: 13554: 13549: 13547: 13542: 13540: 13535: 13534: 13531: 13519: 13511: 13510: 13507: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13493: 13491: 13488: 13486: 13483: 13479: 13476: 13475: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13468:Spectrophilia 13466: 13464: 13461: 13460: 13458: 13454: 13448: 13445: 13443: 13442: 13438: 13437: 13435: 13431: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13403: 13400: 13398: 13395: 13394: 13393: 13390: 13389: 13387: 13383: 13377: 13374: 13370: 13367: 13366: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13359:Ghost hunting 13357: 13353: 13352: 13348: 13347: 13346: 13343: 13341: 13338: 13337: 13335: 13333: 13329: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13309: 13307: 13303: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13284: 13282: 13278: 13272: 13269: 13268: 13266: 13264:South America 13262: 13254: 13253:San Francisco 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13239: 13236: 13234: 13231: 13229: 13226: 13225: 13224: 13223:United States 13221: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13208: 13207: 13204: 13200: 13197: 13195: 13192: 13191: 13189: 13185: 13182: 13181: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13173: 13171: 13169:North America 13167: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13153: 13149: 13146: 13145: 13143: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13130: 13129: 13126: 13125: 13123: 13119: 13113: 13110: 13106: 13103: 13102: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13084: 13081: 13079: 13076: 13075: 13074: 13071: 13067: 13064: 13062: 13059: 13058: 13057: 13054: 13052: 13049: 13045: 13042: 13041: 13040: 13037: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13025: 13024: 13023: 13020: 13018: 13015: 13014: 13012: 13008: 13001: 12997: 12995: 12994:Madam Koi Koi 12992: 12991: 12989: 12985: 12982: 12976: 12970: 12967: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12945: 12944:Haunted ships 12942: 12940: 12937: 12935: 12934:Haunted house 12932: 12930: 12927: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12915: 12912: 12911: 12909: 12905: 12901: 12896: 12892: 12888: 12881: 12876: 12874: 12869: 12867: 12862: 12861: 12858: 12846: 12841: 12836: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12819: 12816: 12812: 12809: 12807: 12804: 12802: 12799: 12798: 12796: 12795: 12791: 12788:marks the 10 12787: 12784: 12781: 12780: 12777: 12763: 12759: 12755: 12752: 12751: 12748: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12730: 12727: 12726: 12725: 12724: 12720: 12718: 12715: 12713: 12710: 12708: 12705: 12703: 12700: 12698: 12695: 12693: 12692: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12670: 12666: 12664: 12661: 12659: 12656: 12654: 12653: 12649: 12647: 12644: 12642: 12639: 12637: 12634: 12633: 12631: 12629: 12625: 12619: 12618: 12614: 12612: 12611:Rogation Days 12609: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12580: 12577: 12576: 12574: 12570: 12567: 12566: 12565: 12564:Easter Sunday 12562: 12561: 12559: 12557: 12556:Easter Season 12553: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12541:Holy Saturday 12539: 12537: 12534: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12521: 12520: 12519:Holy Thursday 12517: 12515: 12512: 12511: 12509: 12507: 12503: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12479: 12477: 12475: 12471: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12459: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12427: 12425: 12423: 12422:Ash Wednesday 12420: 12419: 12417: 12415: 12411: 12405: 12404:Quinquagesima 12402: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12391: 12389: 12387: 12383: 12380: 12378: 12374: 12368: 12365: 12363: 12360: 12358: 12355: 12353: 12352: 12348: 12347: 12345: 12343: 12339: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12327: 12323: 12319: 12318:Christmas Eve 12316: 12315: 12314: 12313: 12309: 12308: 12306: 12304: 12300: 12294: 12291: 12289: 12286: 12284: 12283: 12279: 12277: 12274: 12270: 12267: 12265: 12262: 12260: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12251: 12249: 12248: 12246: 12244: 12240: 12236: 12231: 12230:1960 Calendar 12227: 12223: 12219: 12214: 12210: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12179: 12176: 12175: 12174: 12173: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12156: 12152: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12144: 12140: 12138: 12135: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12125: 12123: 12122: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12112: 12110: 12108: 12107:Ordinary Time 12104: 12098: 12095: 12093: 12092: 12088: 12084: 12081: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 12064: 12061: 12057: 12054: 12053: 12052: 12049: 12048: 12046: 12042: 12039: 12038: 12037: 12036:Easter Sunday 12034: 12033: 12031: 12029: 12028:Easter Season 12025: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12013:Holy Saturday 12011: 12009: 12006: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11993: 11992: 11991:Holy Thursday 11989: 11988: 11986: 11984: 11980: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11958: 11954: 11950: 11947: 11945: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11935: 11932: 11930: 11927: 11926: 11924: 11922: 11921:Ash Wednesday 11919: 11918: 11916: 11914: 11910: 11904: 11901: 11900: 11898: 11896: 11895:Ordinary Time 11892: 11886: 11883: 11881: 11880: 11876: 11874: 11873: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11860: 11859:Midnight Mass 11857: 11855: 11854:Christmas Eve 11852: 11851: 11850: 11849: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11836: 11831: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11815: 11811: 11807: 11804: 11802: 11799: 11797: 11794: 11792: 11789: 11788: 11786: 11785: 11783: 11781: 11777: 11773: 11768: 11767:1969 Calendar 11764: 11760: 11756: 11755:Ordinary Form 11751: 11747: 11743: 11739: 11732: 11727: 11725: 11720: 11718: 11713: 11712: 11709: 11697: 11694: 11692: 11689: 11687: 11684: 11683: 11681: 11677: 11671: 11668: 11666: 11663: 11661: 11658: 11656: 11653: 11651: 11648: 11646: 11643: 11641: 11638: 11636: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11627: 11625: 11621: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11605: 11602: 11600: 11597: 11596: 11594: 11590: 11584: 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11569: 11566: 11564: 11561: 11559: 11556: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11530: 11528: 11524: 11519: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11499: 11496: 11494: 11491: 11489: 11486: 11484: 11481: 11479: 11478:Allhallowtide 11476: 11475: 11473: 11469: 11465: 11464:Allhallowtide 11458: 11453: 11451: 11446: 11444: 11439: 11438: 11435: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11401: 11398: 11397: 11396: 11393: 11391: 11388: 11384: 11381: 11379: 11376: 11374: 11371: 11370: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11361: 11358: 11354: 11351: 11349: 11346: 11344: 11341: 11339: 11336: 11334: 11331: 11330: 11328: 11326: 11325:HalloWeekends 11323: 11321: 11320:Fright Nights 11318: 11316: 11313: 11312: 11310: 11306: 11301: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11256: 11253: 11252: 11250: 11246: 11241: 11234: 11229: 11227: 11222: 11220: 11215: 11214: 11211: 11200: 11188: 11182: 11179: 11177: 11174: 11172: 11171:Old Halloween 11169: 11167: 11164: 11162: 11159: 11157: 11154: 11152: 11149: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11131:Devil's Night 11129: 11127: 11126:Beggars Night 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11102: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11081:Death customs 11079: 11077: 11074: 11073: 11071: 11069: 11063: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11044: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11017: 11014: 11013: 11011: 11009: 11003: 11000: 10994: 10986: 10985: 10981: 10979: 10978:Great Pumpkin 10976: 10975: 10974: 10971: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10958: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10947: 10944: 10943: 10941: 10937: 10929: 10928:Pumpkin Queen 10926: 10925: 10924: 10921: 10917: 10914: 10913: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10904: 10903: 10901: 10897: 10891: 10888: 10886: 10883: 10881: 10878: 10876: 10873: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10860: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10842: 10839: 10838: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10826:Apple bobbing 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10813: 10811: 10807: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10783: 10779: 10778:Allhallowtide 10776: 10774: 10771: 10770: 10769: 10766: 10765: 10763: 10757: 10753: 10744: 10739: 10737: 10732: 10730: 10725: 10724: 10721: 10715: 10711: 10708: 10705: 10702: 10700: 10696: 10693: 10692: 10683: 10679: 10675: 10671: 10669: 10668:1-58234-305-5 10665: 10661: 10657: 10653: 10651: 10650:0-87049-813-4 10647: 10643: 10639: 10635: 10633: 10632:0-19-514691-3 10629: 10626:, US (2002). 10625: 10621: 10617: 10615: 10614:0-7864-1524-X 10611: 10607: 10603: 10600:Lisa Morton, 10599: 10597: 10593: 10589: 10585: 10582:Lisa Morton, 10581: 10579: 10578:3-8258-8889-4 10575: 10571: 10567: 10563: 10561: 10560:0-8109-3291-1 10557: 10553: 10549: 10545: 10543: 10542:1-58980-176-8 10539: 10535: 10531: 10529: 10528:1-56554-346-7 10525: 10521: 10517: 10515: 10514:1-58980-113-X 10511: 10507: 10503: 10501: 10500:1-56554-712-8 10497: 10493: 10489: 10485: 10484: 10481: 10457: 10456: 10451: 10444: 10428: 10424: 10418: 10402: 10398: 10397: 10392: 10385: 10369: 10365: 10364: 10359: 10352: 10336: 10332: 10328: 10322: 10306: 10302: 10296: 10280: 10276: 10272: 10265: 10258: 10255: 10251: 10248: 10243: 10236: 10231: 10224: 10219: 10203: 10199: 10198:The Manitoban 10195: 10188: 10186: 10177: 10173: 10169: 10162: 10147: 10144:, Beliefnet, 10143: 10142: 10134: 10119: 10115: 10114: 10106: 10090: 10086: 10082: 10076: 10068: 10062: 10046: 10042: 10038: 10031: 10015: 10011: 10005: 9987: 9980: 9979: 9971: 9955: 9951: 9947: 9940: 9933: 9929: 9926: 9921: 9905: 9901: 9895: 9888: 9883: 9876: 9871: 9855: 9851: 9845: 9838: 9825: 9821: 9820: 9815: 9808: 9801: 9790: 9786: 9780: 9764: 9758: 9742: 9738: 9731: 9724: 9719: 9712: 9707: 9701: 9697: 9693: 9686: 9670: 9666: 9660: 9644: 9640: 9634: 9627: 9623: 9617: 9610: 9605: 9589: 9585: 9578: 9571: 9566: 9560: 9556: 9549: 9542: 9537: 9530: 9518: 9514: 9507: 9500: 9495: 9479: 9475: 9469: 9453: 9449: 9448: 9441: 9425: 9421: 9415: 9408: 9396: 9392: 9386: 9379: 9374: 9366: 9365: 9360: 9353: 9346: 9335: 9329: 9325: 9324: 9316: 9309: 9307: 9293: 9289: 9283: 9279: 9278: 9270: 9263: 9246: 9242: 9241:The Telegraph 9238: 9232: 9225: 9212: 9208: 9202: 9195: 9182: 9178: 9172: 9165: 9153: 9149: 9145: 9138: 9131: 9118: 9114: 9108: 9101: 9096: 9089: 9076: 9072: 9066: 9062: 9061: 9053: 9038: 9037: 9032: 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6987: 6983: 6980:Mayne, John. 6976: 6969: 6964: 6957: 6952: 6945: 6940: 6933: 6932:0-19-516896-8 6929: 6925: 6919: 6912: 6907: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6889: 6885: 6881: 6877: 6874: 6868: 6861: 6855: 6839: 6835: 6834: 6826: 6824: 6822: 6814: 6813: 6807: 6805: 6797: 6792: 6785: 6780: 6771: 6764: 6759: 6743: 6739: 6735: 6729: 6722: 6721:0-19-516896-8 6718: 6714: 6708: 6700: 6694: 6691:. McFarland. 6690: 6689: 6681: 6674: 6668: 6659: 6650: 6643: 6637: 6630: 6624: 6617: 6611: 6604: 6599: 6593:, 1976. p. 91 6592: 6588: 6584: 6579: 6570: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6554: 6552: 6544: 6540: 6535: 6533: 6516: 6512: 6505: 6498: 6494: 6488: 6485:. p. 8. 6484: 6480: 6473: 6457: 6453: 6447: 6438: 6431: 6427: 6424: 6420: 6414: 6407: 6403: 6400: 6396: 6395: 6390: 6385: 6378: 6374: 6369: 6360: 6358: 6348: 6341: 6335: 6333: 6325: 6322:"Halloween". 6319: 6312: 6308: 6303: 6296: 6292: 6287: 6280: 6276: 6271: 6262: 6255: 6243: 6239: 6233: 6229: 6228: 6220: 6212: 6205: 6198: 6192: 6183: 6174: 6167: 6161: 6159: 6151: 6139: 6135: 6129: 6122: 6118: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6101: 6097: 6092: 6085: 6081: 6078: 6073: 6067: 6066:0-14-051549-6 6063: 6059: 6054: 6039: 6035: 6029: 6022: 6021:0-19-516896-8 6018: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6000: 5993: 5987: 5980: 5974: 5966: 5962: 5958: 5952: 5944: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5910: 5908: 5900: 5895: 5894:Paulist Press 5891: 5885: 5878: 5874: 5871: 5865: 5858: 5853: 5847: 5843: 5839: 5832: 5825: 5824:0-19-516896-8 5821: 5817: 5813: 5812: 5805: 5798: 5794: 5789: 5782: 5778: 5773: 5766: 5762: 5756: 5752: 5745: 5743: 5735: 5730: 5722: 5716: 5712: 5708: 5701: 5692: 5685: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5671: 5664: 5657: 5653: 5647: 5643: 5636: 5629: 5627: 5626:danse macabre 5621: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5600: 5584: 5580: 5574: 5570: 5569: 5561: 5554: 5548: 5541: 5537: 5532: 5525: 5519: 5512: 5507: 5501: 5497: 5493: 5492: 5484: 5477: 5472: 5466: 5462: 5455: 5439: 5435: 5429: 5425: 5424:Cambria Press 5421: 5420: 5412: 5404: 5398: 5394: 5387: 5385: 5383: 5381: 5379: 5371: 5367: 5361: 5354: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5328: 5322: 5315: 5310: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5289: 5282: 5277: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5256: 5254: 5247:Rogers, p. 57 5244: 5242: 5234: 5229: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5208: 5206: 5198: 5193: 5186: 5182: 5176: 5172: 5165: 5158: 5152: 5145: 5141: 5135: 5131: 5124: 5117: 5113: 5112: 5107: 5101: 5099: 5091: 5087: 5084: 5080: 5074: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5058: 5056: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5017: 5008: 5002: 4998: 4993: 4992: 4983: 4974: 4967: 4964:Ramdin, Ron. 4961: 4954: 4948: 4941: 4937: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4922: 4913: 4911:0-7876-4004-2 4907: 4903: 4897: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4882: 4874: 4868: 4861: 4855: 4848: 4842: 4835: 4831: 4825: 4817: 4816: 4810: 4805: 4799: 4792: 4786: 4770: 4766: 4759: 4751: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4718: 4711: 4704: 4698: 4691: 4690:0-19-516896-8 4687: 4683: 4679: 4678: 4671: 4669: 4661: 4656: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4620: 4616: 4610: 4603: 4590: 4589: 4581: 4573: 4565: 4561: 4560: 4554: 4547: 4539: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4522: 4521: 4515: 4508: 4501: 4496: 4480: 4476: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4457: 4451: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4432: 4425: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4394: 4386: 4379: 4374: 4368: 4364: 4357: 4348: 4339: 4332: 4321: 4315: 4310: 4309: 4300: 4293: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4271: 4264: 4257: 4253: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4238: 4230: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4208: 4201: 4185: 4181: 4174: 4168: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4154:Christmas Eve 4148: 4142: 4138: 4131: 4123: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4108: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4088: 4082: 4080: 4072: 4066: 4064: 4056: 4055:0-19-516896-8 4052: 4048: 4044: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4024: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3997: 3988: 3975: 3971: 3968:(in German). 3967: 3962: 3959: 3954: 3948: 3944: 3939: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3923: 3910: 3906: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3890: 3887: 3872: 3868: 3867: 3861: 3853: 3851: 3843: 3841: 3834: 3828: 3824: 3817: 3810: 3798: 3792: 3788: 3787: 3779: 3772: 3769: 3756: 3750: 3746: 3741: 3740: 3732: 3725: 3713: 3712: 3705: 3698: 3686: 3680: 3676: 3675: 3667: 3660: 3648: 3642: 3638: 3637: 3629: 3623: 3622:0-19-516896-8 3619: 3615: 3611: 3610: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3550: 3546: 3540: 3532: 3526: 3522: 3521:HarperCollins 3518: 3511: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3486: 3478: 3465: 3458: 3451: 3444: 3440: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3419: 3411: 3404: 3389: 3385: 3378: 3363: 3362:Saugeen Times 3359: 3352: 3345: 3343: 3328: 3324: 3318: 3314: 3313:Paulist Press 3310: 3309: 3302: 3295: 3282: 3278: 3272: 3268: 3267: 3259: 3257: 3249: 3244: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3223: 3221: 3213: 3197: 3193: 3189: 3182: 3175: 3173: 3165: 3152: 3148: 3142: 3135: 3122: 3118: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3103: 3092: 3089: 3087: 3084: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3067: 3064: 3062: 3061:Martinisingen 3059: 3057: 3054: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3039: 3037: 3034: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3021:Devil's Night 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3008: 3003: 2997: 2992: 2989: 2983: 2978: 2971: 2969: 2959: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2920: 2917: 2916: 2915:The Manitoban 2910: 2906: 2902: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2823: 2819: 2818:Allhallowtide 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2792:According to 2789: 2774: 2772: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2723: 2720: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2676:gospel tracts 2673: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2655: 2654:Martin Luther 2651: 2647: 2643: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2612: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2583: 2578: 2574: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2528: 2524: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2512:meat-free day 2509: 2505: 2501: 2493: 2488: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2461: 2460:pumpkin seeds 2457: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413:Monkey nuts ( 2412: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2394:toffee apples 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2375: 2374: 2371: 2365: 2360: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2325: 2322: 2317: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2300: 2295: 2291: 2289: 2285: 2276: 2267: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2236: 2233: 2228: 2227:until today. 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2212:Clifton, Ohio 2209: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2185: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2150: 2146: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2101:ghost stories 2097: 2095: 2089: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2057: 2054:short story " 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2005: 2000: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1974: 1973:apple bobbing 1966: 1961: 1957: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1919: 1914: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1885: 1883: 1878: 1875: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1837: 1832: 1828: 1826: 1825: 1820: 1816: 1811: 1809: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1750: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1734: 1731: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1711: 1709: 1705: 1699: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1690:Massachusetts 1687: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1649: 1645: 1640: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1625:Twelfth Night 1622: 1618: 1614: 1609: 1600: 1595: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1562:autumn season 1559: 1555: 1551: 1547: 1544:at Halloween— 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1530:Last Judgment 1527: 1526: 1521: 1520: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1506: 1501: 1500: 1495: 1494: 1489: 1488: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1468: 1463: 1459: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1359: 1350: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1309:colonists in 1308: 1304: 1300: 1293: 1292: 1286: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1245: 1243: 1242:cross-dressed 1240: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1198: 1190: 1186: 1181: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1142:apple bobbing 1139: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1085: 1082:, painted by 1081: 1077: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1058: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1000: 996: 991: 982: 980: 979:San Sebastián 976: 972: 971:Latin America 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 943: 941: 937: 936:Hertfordshire 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 898: 894: 890: 886: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 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The word 486:Old English 412:, visiting 396:, lighting 217:Calan Gaeaf 173:Observances 165:, visiting 153:, lighting 77:Also called 17912:Categories 17896:See also: 17599:(Thursday) 17250:Cláirseach 17153:Travellers 17011:Rock music 16994:Folk music 16929:Literature 16731:Soda bread 16614:Government 16541:parliament 16538:Oireachtas 16515:Government 16455:Ideologies 16086:Penal Laws 15977:since 1922 15891:Prehistory 15625:See also: 15428:HumanLight 15353:(cultural) 15347:(cultural) 15303:Family Day 15142:(cultural) 15140:Spirit Day 15134:Nevada Day 15118:(cultural) 15072:Alaska Day 14802:Paryushana 14708:Tisha B'Av 14501:Juneteenth 14468:Truman Day 14265:Lag B’Omer 14255:(cultural) 14102:(cultural) 14018:Mardi Gras 13855:Mardi Gras 13838:Tu B’shvat 13654:The Eighth 13630:Kansas Day 13369:Mediumship 13287:Polynesian 13228:California 13180:Caribbean 13112:Vietnamese 12811:Tridentine 12691:Assumption 12680:Visitation 12399:Sexagesima 12222:Roman Rite 12155:Assumption 12132:Visitation 11759:Roman Rite 11573:Hell house 11526:Traditions 11412:SCarowinds 11146:Hop-tu-Naa 10973:Television 10916:Hell house 10809:Traditions 10790:Activities 10660:Bloomsbury 10478:See also: 10461:17 October 10363:Herald Sun 10341:11 October 10311:1 November 10095:15 October 10051:15 October 10020:15 October 9960:31 October 9830:7 November 9789:Irish News 9649:22 October 9594:23 October 9523:31 October 9484:22 October 9430:22 October 9401:28 October 9339:1 November 9298:1 November 9251:6 November 9217:2 November 9187:1 November 9158:1 November 9123:1 November 9081:1 November 9042:6 February 8935:23 October 8906:23 January 8879:31 October 8869:Snopes.com 8789:3 November 8213:31 October 8181:(1): 133. 8154:31 October 8124:31 October 8094:31 October 8064:31 October 8034:31 October 8004:28 October 7816:17 October 7783:16 October 7756:16 October 7675:25 October 7649:29 October 7580:25 October 7504:Bluff Park 7392:Lethbridge 7259:28 October 6844:23 October 6748:31 October 6591:Hutchinson 6521:7 December 6248:19 October 6144:19 October 6043:4 December 5589:19 October 5444:31 October 5044:25 October 4602:festivity. 4595:31 October 4574:required.) 4540:required.) 4485:13 October 4286:31 October 4016:29 October 3877:15 October 3760:31 October 3718:31 October 3690:31 October 3585:1 November 3555:1 November 3333:31 October 3287:31 October 3205:31 October 3157:2 November 3127:1 November 3098:References 2884:Bhadrapada 2771:Paraklesis 2751:evangelism 2518:instead. 2508:abstinence 2471:Soul cakes 2466:sweet corn 2404:candy corn 2353:Creme Eggs 2288:vegetarian 2220:Cincinnati 2193:Disneyland 2160:corn mazes 2127:tombstones 2058:" (1914). 2016:blindfolds 1942:Otherworld 1926:divination 1918:divination 1900:, and the 1801:princesses 1793:archetypes 1710:, Canada. 1621:feast days 1582:Black cats 1570:scarecrows 1538:John Mayne 1375:headstones 1222:white mare 1154:egg whites 1138:divination 1100:Otherworld 1057:Kalan Gwav 1054:in Wales, 1023:folklorist 940:Derbyshire 924:Lancashire 790:next world 729:christened 725:soul cakes 631:St Peter's 528:Hallowe'en 474:Hallowe'en 442:soul cakes 430:vegetarian 406:divination 260:Hallowe'en 213:Hop-tu-Naa 199:31 October 159:divination 120:, cultural 83:Hallowe'en 67:Carving a 17918:Halloween 17775:Christmas 17733:Halloween 17703:September 17589:Earth Day 17381:Squatting 17097:Fomorians 17026:Mythology 16896:Languages 16881:Halloween 16857:Bealtaine 16840:Festivals 16831:Stepdance 16736:Spice Bag 16721:Irish fry 16711:Colcannon 16686:Barmbrack 16609:Education 16567:President 16505:Education 16421:Transport 16396:Provinces 16318:Mountains 16293:Coastline 16265:Geography 16156:Civil War 16111:Tithe War 15755:Christmas 15740:Halloween 15609:Legend: 15569:Navaratri 15399:Bodhi Day 15368:Christmas 15232:(federal) 15226:(federal) 15064:Halloween 15060:(federal) 14853:(federal) 14851:Labor Day 14835:September 14618:(federal) 14553:(3 weeks) 14456:Pentecost 14346:(federal) 14248:Earth Day 14225:Arbor Day 14185:Ramnavami 14143:Holy Week 13744:Candlemas 13727:(federal) 13581:(federal) 13575:(federal) 13414:Halloween 13402:Indonesia 13211:locations 13148:locations 13105:locations 13078:locations 13061:locations 13044:locations 13027:locations 13000:locations 12891:ghostlore 12636:Pentecost 12617:Ascension 12492:Holy Week 12312:Christmas 12097:Pentecost 12091:Ascension 11973:Holy Week 11848:Christmas 11563:Soul cake 11248:Community 11240:Halloween 11111:Allantide 11031:Gai Jatra 10885:Soul cake 10795:Geography 10751:Halloween 10374:7 October 9950:USA Today 9819:USA Today 9747:2 October 8960:25 August 8820:3 October 8558:0041-7815 8542:"A757914" 8316:6 October 8286:angelitos 8203:201751292 8195:0021-4183 7925:pp. 11–46 7047:cite book 6479:Halloween 6462:2 October 6338:McNeill, 5325:Santino, 4591:. 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