1888:
2426:
1381:
1859:
987:
920:
49:
1091:. In May 1941, they were still in Yugoslavia, where 915 of them were caught and eventually killed by the invading Nazis. The 800 men were shot by Nazi soldiers in a farmer's field at Zasavica; after the war, the remains of the men were re-interred in a mass grave in the Belgrade Sephardi Cemetery. The women and children were imprisoned in the Sajmiste concentration camp where they perished from hunger, disease, exposure to the bitter cold winter weather, or gassed to death in a mobile gas truck.
932:
2418:
615:
796:
2213:
1874:
3317:
1056:, sailing from Sulina in Romania with 1,130 Jewish refugees from Europe on board was intercepted in the Mediterranean by a British warship and forced to Haifa port; fearing that they would be sent back, the illegal immigrants engaged in passive resistance; the British authorities brought them ashore and held them in a detention camp; they were released a month later.
998:
2216:
2215:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2221:
807:
officials (in particular
Elizabeth Robertson in Leipheim) acted as facilitators of the emigration. The British government vehemently opposed the movement, and restricted movement in and out of their camps. The British set up naval patrols to prevent immigrants from landing in Palestine.
2110:
and a flotilla of destroyers. She was rammed and boarded but the immigrants resisted the boarding, and had put up barriers and barbed wire to impede boarding. Two passengers and a crewman were bludgeoned to death, several dozen were injured, and the ship was taken over. The
2222:
2218:
1305:
carrying between 760 and 790 refugees. Three days later she reached
Istanbul, where Turkey detained her and her passengers for 10 weeks. On 23 February 1942, Turkish authorities towed her back into the Black Sea and cast her adrift. Early the next day the
1692:. The same day, two British ships with 1,300 Jewish detainees on board set sail for Cyprus. A crowd of about 1,000 Jews attempted to break into the Haifa port area, and British troops responded with live fire, killing three people and wounding seven.
2119:, the passengers refused to disembark after the French government announced that it would only allow the immigrants off the ships if they consented. The immigrants were then taken to Germany, forcibly taken off the ships, and sent back to
906:), volunteered to sail ten ships ("The Jews' Secret Fleet") from the United States to Europe to load 35,000 survivors of the Holocaust (half of the illegal immigrants to Palestine), only to be deported to detention camps on Cyprus.
1995:
cordon. Hundreds of local residents came down to the beach to mingle with passengers who evaded arrest. Many residents were mistaken for refugees, arrested, and sent to Cyprus, with some 460 locals returned home the following
3185:
1828:
and taken to Haifa. The interception met no resistance, but in Haifa when the
British tried to transfer them to transport ships to take them to Cyprus the refugees resisted fiercely, two were killed and 46
2217:
1838:(785 passengers), was wrecked on Syrina Island in bad weather. The survivors were rescued by two Royal Navy and one Greek warship, and were taken to Cyprus. Women and children were taken to Palestine.
2671:
952:, who feared illegal immigration would cause the British to restrict legal immigration. She arrived off the coast of Palestine on 25 August, and the passengers disembarked with the help of the
1640:, Yugoslavia, and set sail for Palestine, this time also carrying 2,678 passengers total. She was found at sea with engines broken down and no electrical power, and was towed to Haifa by HMS
1449:, carrying 168 immigrants, landed in Palestine undetected by the British. She again slipped into Palestine undetected and arrived at Shefayim on 22 October, this time carrying 174 passengers.
1161:. The Royal Navy intercepted each ship and escorted it into Haifa, where British authorities detained the refugees before transferring them to a requisitioned French ocean liner, the
589:
3346:
Aliyah Bet
Voyages includes pictures and details of the boats of Aliyah Bet, ports of origin, dates of sailing, dates of arrival in Palestine and the number of immigrants on board.
820:
had eight ships on station in
Palestine, and additional ships were tasked with tracking suspicious vessels heading for Palestine. Most of the intercepted immigrants were sent to
3354:
2445:
was modest when measured in terms of the numbers who succeeded in entering
Palestine. However, it proved to be a unifying force both for the Jewish community in Palestine (the
803:
American sector camps imposed no restrictions on the movements out of the camps, and
American, French, and Italian officials often turned a blind eye to the movements. Several
2003:(1,588 passengers) developed a list and suffered engine failure some 50 miles outside Palestinian waters and issued an SOS. Passengers were transferred to the destroyers HMS
1288:. 223 persons, including 66 children, lost their lives. The survivors were taken to Istanbul. 125 survivors were deported back to Bulgaria, and the remaining 70 left on the
963:, flying under the Panamanian flag and carrying 378 Jewish refugees from Europe was intercepted by the British; the illegal immigrants were arrested and taken into Haifa.
2199:, a larger ship carrying 794 immigrants, was intercepted by the Royal Navy and brought to Haifa, where its passengers were transferred to the British transport ship HMT
2574:
547:
being the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet) which refers to the limited Jewish immigration permitted by
British authorities during the same period. The name
1652:
2631:
2093:, carrying 399 immigrants, arrived in Palestine under escort after being intercepted by the Royal Navy. The immigrants were immediately transferred to Cyprus.
816:
Over 100,000 people attempted to illegally enter
Mandatory Palestine. There were 142 voyages by 120 ships. Over half were stopped by the British patrols. The
1822:
1202:
In
October 1940, a large group of refugees were allowed to leave Vienna. The exodus was organized by Berthold Storfer, a Jewish businessman who worked under
407:
1917:
1785:
1172:
1738:
2653:
3159:
1767:
1156:
881:
were forcibly returned to Europe, and eventually put in camps in Germany. This was publicized, to the great embarrassment of the British government.
609:
1177:, which arrived on 24 November off Haifa, where the Royal Navy escorted her into harbour. On November 25 the British had just started transferring
977:, carrying some 700 refugees on board, was deliberately beached at Tel Aviv by the passengers, the captain and crew having fled in a small boat.
1049:
transferred 364 Jewish refugees into five lifeboats outside the territorial waters of the Mandate and sent them ashore as illegal immigrants.
2115:
was towed to Haifa, where the immigrants were forced onto three deportation ships and taken to France. When the deportation ships docked in
1669:
and other areas under detention. The first British deportation ship sailed for Cyprus on the same day, with 500 illegal immigrants on board.
3398:
2473:
2534:
3403:
1192:
agents planted a bomb aboard the French liner with the intention of disabling her to prevent her from sailing. However, the bomb quickly
2082:, carrying 1,457 immigrants, was intercepted and boarded by the Royal Navy off southern Palestine. All of its passengers were arrested.
3351:
656:
605:
491:
412:
1456:, carrying 220 Jewish refugees, arrived in Shefayim. As the ship was landing immigrants she was intercepted by the Royal Navy sloop
1562:, but the passengers responded with a hunger strike and a threat to blow her up, compelling the British to give them entry permits.
1363:
by torpedo and shellfire, and then machine-gunned survivors in the water. Between 289 and 394 refugees plus seven crew were aboard
621:
2667:
2627:
2570:
2530:
792:, and people who had been killed while supporting Aliyah Bet. More than 70,000 Jews arrived in Palestine on more than 100 ships.
579:
271:
211:
3393:
245:
3300:
3281:
3245:
2958:
2926:
2886:
2858:
2822:
2743:
2712:
1887:
944:
In 1934, the first attempt to bring in a large number of illegal immigrants by sea happened when some 350 Jews sailed on the
2425:
206:
161:
142:
2760:
3383:
1665:, carrying 536 passengers, was intercepted. The same day, the British announced that illegal immigrants would be sent to
511:
191:
1474:
in Palestine after evading Royal Navy patrols. The passengers were brought ashore via a rope bridge, and evaded capture.
3388:
788:("To the victory") designed to inspire and rally the Jews of Palestine. Some were named after prominent figures in the
361:
1380:
3378:
3047:
2556:
1333:
sailed from Romania with 273 passengers including 120 children, who went from Istanbul to Palestine by sealed train.
3270:
The Jews' Secret Fleet: The Untold Story of North American Volunteers Who Smashed the British Blockade of Palestine
2613:
448:
2800:
Foreign Relations of the United States Diplomatic Papers, 1939, The Far East; The Near East and Africa. Volume IV
853:
402:
895:
a first-person account of traveling from Europe with displaced persons attempting to reach the Jewish homeland.
3205:
1912, Cutters, Craft & U.S. Coast Guard-Manned Army & Navy Vessels, U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
1199:, killing 260 people and wounding 172. The survivors were allowed to stay in Palestine on humanitarian grounds.
1034:, Romania, on 3 August 1939, with about 750 immigrants on board and had taken on board the passengers from the
261:
240:
196:
90:
3235:
1744:. The Royal Navy tried to board the ship four times before finally seizing her, and one passenger was killed.
1388:
625:
3186:"This Ukrainian City Was Once Home to a Vibrant Jewish Community. Now Its Grand Synagogue Is a Sports Hall"
514:, Jewish displaced persons and refugees from Europe began streaming into the new state in the midst of the
417:
230:
3163:
2456:
The immigrants who drowned in the sea and whose bodies were found were buried in the National Cemetery in
681:
occurred in two phases. The first one, from 1934 to 1942, was an effort to enable European Jews to escape
3321:
970:, a Greek owned ship, transferred 840 immigrants to smaller vessels off the coast and sent them to shore.
201:
575:
331:
3336:
2700:
1910:
1354:
1307:
710:
218:
2997:
2478:
2165:
2019:
1424:
1079:
border, the three smaller riverboats to which they had been transferred on December 14 on entering
890:
341:
298:
266:
223:
78:
2796:"Document No. 847. The Consul at Jerusalem (Steger) to the Secretary of State. September 21, 1939"
1858:
2974:
2950:
2795:
2791:
1351:
821:
764:
journeys typically started in the DP camps and moved through one of two collection points in the
718:
714:
3343:
3214:
2850:
2842:
752:, was given responsibility for commanding and sailing ships from Europe to Mandatory Palestine.
3273:
2735:
2729:
2658:
2618:
2561:
2521:
2516:
2120:
2063:
1500:
1253:. The explosion holed her side, capsizing her and killing 267 people. The British, by order of
1139:
776:. From there, the refugees travelled in disguised trucks, on foot, or by train to ports on the
668:
597:
593:
2704:
2694:
2143:
1928:
371:
1419:, carrying 79 immigrants, landed in Palestine, carrying seamen and radio operators from the
1150:
986:
2450:
1135:
701:
441:
336:
235:
2790:
8:
3373:
1960:
1941:
1846:
1702:, carrying 183 passengers, evaded the British blockade and landed near Caesarea Maritima.
1599:
1083:
were intercepted and the immigrants were forced to disembark at the old fortress town of
845:
837:
737:
729:
692:
664:
660:
601:
507:
503:
499:
351:
315:
68:
3019:
1727:. The boarding was strongly resisted, and two people drowned after jumping off the ship.
1507:, a female Palmach member. The ship was captured and escorted to Haifa by the destroyer
1499:, carrying 248 passengers, ran the blockade and attempted to land. The Imperial British
2765:
2337:
2291:
1714:
1570:
515:
366:
3296:
3277:
3265:
3241:
2954:
2922:
2882:
2854:
2818:
2739:
2708:
2402:
2366:
2323:
2254:
2247:
2008:
1508:
1457:
1409:
1254:
1088:
899:
777:
706:
114:
919:
48:
3215:"18 July 1947, British Soldiers Removing Jews from the Exodus in the Port of Haifa"
2663:
2623:
2566:
2526:
1833:
1802:(600 passengers), foundered in a gale and sank. The passengers were rescued by the
1626:
1384:
1350:
sailed from Constanţa carrying about 1,000 refugees between them. In the night the
1239:
1162:
789:
640:
310:
293:
85:
2843:"British Government Policy towards Jewish Refugees (November 1938-September 1939)"
3358:
2298:
1933:
1592:
1312:
1250:
1193:
898:
More than 300 volunteers, most of them American World War II veterans, including
769:
483:
467:
434:
100:
73:
32:
506:
between 1920 and 1948, in violation of the restrictions laid out in the British
2838:
2192:. The passengers, all specially-picked youths, quickly disembarked and escaped.
2160:
and taken after violent resistance. One person was killed and ten were injured.
1721:
1637:
1281:
1203:
997:
644:
544:
392:
123:
2067:(1,414 passengers) was intercepted, rammed and captured by the destroyers HMS
856:). Over 1,600 drowned at sea. Only a few thousand actually entered Palestine.
722:
3367:
2104:
1937:
1554:(735 passengers) arrived in Palestine legally. The British had blockaded the
1463:. Of the passengers, 200 reached the beach and escaped, and 20 were arrested.
1022:, killing two passengers (Dr Robert Schneider and Zvi Binder); the ship HMCS
949:
780:, where ships brought them to Palestine. Most of the ships had names such as
765:
682:
618:
583:
288:
171:
156:
105:
63:
22:
2916:
1341:
795:
2483:
2236:
2139:
2116:
1992:
1952:
1522:
1482:
1059:
On 24–25 November 1939, a large group of immigrants traveled by train from
733:
672:
648:
495:
479:
422:
346:
303:
176:
166:
151:
1810:, carrying a total of 3,845 passengers, was intercepted by the destroyers
1315:. Between 767 and 791 people were killed, and there was only one survivor.
1302:
1031:
2457:
2434:
2417:
2052:
1760:
1504:
931:
885:
696:
16:
Illegal immigration by Jews to Mandatory Palestine in the 1930s and 1940s
2282:. 131 passengers were caught, the rest evaded arrest. The same day, the
2169:(2,664 passengers) was intercepted by the Royal Navy. The same day, the
1795:, and the ship was leaking and listing heavily when she was intercepted.
614:
3218:
2188:
and carrying 182 passengers, ran the British blockade and beached near
1947:, and the passengers put up fierce resistance. The ship ran aground at
1916:, captured after a violent battle, and taken in tow by the minesweeper
1811:
1731:
1536:
1127:
1119:
1099:
1087:. About 1,100 refugees were stranded there and came to be known as the
1080:
1064:
1015:
874:
841:
817:
128:
1171:. They were followed from Tulcea by another 1,634 refugees aboard the
2696:
The Exodus affair: Holocaust survivors and the struggle for Palestine
2654:"Postwar Refugee Crisis and the Establishment of the State of Israel"
2461:
2097:
2044:. Passengers resisted heavily; three were killed and 27 were injured.
1988:
1948:
1877:
1559:
1323:
1296:
1168:
1115:
864:
849:
829:
1576:
on 8 June 1946. Some 150 people had previously transferred from the
2279:
2235:
ran the blockade and landed its 167 passengers at the mouth of the
1895:
1873:
1471:
1432:
1405:
1285:
1265:
1123:
1019:
773:
133:
2798:. In Axton, Matilda F.; Churchill, Rogers P.; et al. (eds.).
1155:
arrived off Haifa on 1 November, followed a few days later by the
1014:, a 1,499-ton ship built in 1887, was intercepted and fired on by
2189:
2086:
1862:
1756:
1420:
1238:. The British transferred all the immigrants to the French liner
1189:
1084:
1076:
1039:
953:
833:
749:
741:
728:
During the first phase, several Zionist organizations (including
652:
283:
95:
2879:
Blockade: The Story of Jewish Immigration to Palestine 1933-1948
1427:
emissaries on the return trip to Italy. On October 1, 1945, the
852:. The British held as many as 50,000 people in these camps (see
3316:
2446:
1666:
1613:, and transferred 1,108 of its passengers to the small steamer
1610:
1322:
sailed from Romania with 21 passengers. She was wrecked in the
1273:
1146:
1131:
1111:
1072:
1060:
825:
745:
687:
636:
522:
510:, which dramatically increased between 1939 and 1948. With the
475:
397:
387:
186:
40:
2815:
John Bull's Island: Immigration and British Society, 1871-1971
2408:
after fierce resistance which left a number of people injured.
1987:(823 passengers) ran the blockade and beached itself north of
1130:
Islands. The Italians rescued the passengers and took them to
675:, the urgency driving the immigration also became more acute.
3328:
2903:
Dead-End Journey: The Tragic Story of the Kladovo-Sabac Group
2142:
Jews, was intercepted without resistance by the minesweeper.
1965:
1618:
1489:
1392:
1231:
1103:
804:
590:
Anti-Jewish violence in Central and Eastern Europe, 1944–1946
356:
276:
2905:, (Lanham, MD: University Press of America) 1996, pp. 29–34.
2130:, carrying 685 Eastern European Jews was intercepted by HMS
2103:, carrying 4,515 immigrants, was intercepted by the cruiser
1651:, carrying 758 passengers, was intercepted by the destroyer
1535:, carrying 1,754 immigrants, was captured by the destroyers
1521:, carrying 736 passengers, was intercepted by the destroyer
1481:, carrying 908 passengers, was intercepted by the destroyer
1940:(1,378 passengers) was intercepted by Royal Navy destroyer
1696:
1672:
On 13 August 1946, two immigration ships were intercepted:
1122:. On 9 October, her engines failed and she was wrecked off
1067:
and about 2 weeks later sailed from there on the riverboat
487:
2792:
Office of the Historian, United States Department of State
2354:, (982 passengers) was intercepted off Cape Carmel by HMS
1955:
camp. The passengers were arrested and deported to Cyprus.
1713:, carrying 1,024 passengers, was seized by the destroyers
1442:, carrying 40 passengers, arrived undetected in Palestine.
2278:(537 passengers) ran the blockade and beached herself at
1026:
beached on the shore with 1,205 immigrants on board; the
685:. The second one, from 1945 to 1948, in a stage known as
2401:(553 passengers) was intercepted off Haifa by the sloop
1968:, was captured without resistance by the destroyers HMS
1584:
off the Palestinian coast, and the crew had disembarked.
1134:. All but two were then placed in an internment camp at
877:
patrol. Despite significant resistance, passengers from
691:("flight" or "escape"), was an effort to find homes for
2847:
The Nazi Holocaust. Part 8: Bystanders to the Holocaust
1991:, where the passengers disembarked, and most escaped a
2421:
Graves of some of the victims of the SS Patria sinking
1245:
to take them for internment to Mauritius. To stop the
1038:, another illegal immigrant ship that was marooned in
709:("DPs") languishing in refugee camps scattered across
705:, "Surviving Remnant") who were among the millions of
2449:) and for the Holocaust-survivor refugees in Europe (
2290:(7,557 passengers) were intercepted by the cruisers
2207:
1412:, disembarked its passengers, and returned to Italy.
486:) was the code name given to illegal immigration by
3264:
1145:In October 1940, 1,770 Jewish refugees sailed from
956:, which received special permission to assist them.
2365:(771 passengers) was intercepted by the destroyer
1371:rescued the few survivors and took them to Turkey.
948:, a chartered ship, without the permission of the
3295:. London and Portland OR: Frank Cass Publishing.
1964:(597 passengers), the only ship sponsored by the
1230:, and sailed on 11 October 1940. They arrived at
884:One account of Aliyah Bet is given by journalist
655:worked together to facilitate the immigration of
610:Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world
3365:
2173:, with 1,385 passengers, was intercepted by HMS
1737:, 611 passengers, was seized by the minesweeper
1591:, carrying 1,259 passengers, was intercepted by
1528:140 miles out at sea as it approached Palestine.
512:establishment of the State of Israel in May 1948
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
1257:, allowed the survivors to remain in Palestine.
659:to Mandatory Palestine beyond the established "
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
2802:. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office.
2051:(768 passengers) was intercepted by destroyer
1658:, with passive resistance from the immigrants.
1569:, carrying 462 passengers, was intercepted by
1138:in southern Italy. They were held there until
1094:On 18 May 1940 the old Italian paddle steamer
740:("the Institute for Aliyah B"), an arm of the
498:or other Nazi-controlled countries, and later
2872:
2870:
1400:On 28 August 1945 the Italian fishing vessel
525:, it has also been called by the Hebrew term
442:
2849:. Vol. 1. London: Meckler Ltd. p.
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2474:Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
1755:, carrying 806 passengers, was captured off
1644:. Her passengers were arrested and interned.
1367:; only the crew and five refugees survived.
1142:forces liberated the area in September 1943.
3066:
2944:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2433:who drowned during a storm at sea in 1940,
1852:after a battle which left one refugee dead.
1780:(1,279 passengers), was intercepted by HMS
1609:, carrying 2,678 passengers, departed from
561:
3335:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum -
2998:"Who Perished On The Struma And How Many?"
2876:
2867:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2036:(2,641 passengers) was intercepted by HMS
1841:On 9 February 1947, the wooden brigantine
1688:. There was desperate resistance on board
1470:, carrying 252 passengers, was beached at
449:
435:
2758:
2496:
2156:(434 passengers), was intercepted by HMS
1387:(aged 8) and Elazar Schiff, survivors of
653:Zionist youth movements and organizations
606:Jews escaping from German-occupied Europe
413:Demographic history of Palestine (region)
408:History of the Jews in the Land of Israel
3229:
3227:
2692:
2589:
2424:
2416:
2390:(782 passengers) was intercepted by HMS
2379:(817 passengers) was intercepted by HMS
2311:(280 passengers) was intercepted by HMS
2267:(680 passengers) was intercepted by HMS
2211:
1886:
1872:
1857:
1379:
1222:, down the Danube to Romania, where the
996:
985:
930:
918:
794:
613:
3293:The Royal Navy and the Palestine Patrol
3290:
3237:Serendipity in Anthropological Research
3157:
3026:Черноморский Флот информационный ресурс
2914:
2908:
2837:
2773:
2668:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2628:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2571:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2531:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
2429:Graves of the 223 Jewish passengers of
580:History of the Jews during World War II
86:Jews who remained in the Land of Israel
3366:
3196:
2947:Britain and the Jews of Europe 1939–45
2812:
2734:. New York: Checkmark Books. pp.
2226:Film about Ha'apala after World War II
1280:was wrecked in a violent storm in the
1276:with 327 refugees. On December 12 the
981:
914:
3344:Aliyah Bet Voyages Aliyah Bet Project
3233:
3224:
2995:
2940:
2938:
2806:
2727:
1636:picked up a new party of refugees at
1226:passengers, about 1,000, boarded the
3329:Aliyah Bet and Machal Virtual Museum
2761:"The first draft of Israeli history"
2721:
2336:(696 passengers) was intercepted by
2322:(679 passengers) was intercepted by
2246:(884 passengers) was intercepted by
1909:(807 passengers) was intercepted by
1883:arriving at Haifa port, 20 July 1947
1869:("Jewish State") in Haifa port, 1947
1503:opened fire from the shore, killing
1408:, carrying 35 immigrants, landed at
939:aground off Haifa, September 1, 1939
3399:Mandatory Palestine in World War II
3048:"מפקורה SS Mefküre Mafkura Mefkura"
2557:"German Jewish Refugees, 1933–1939"
2078:On 23 May 1947, the immigrant ship
626:pre-war Jewish population in Europe
556:
532:
471:
13:
3404:Words and phrases in Modern Hebrew
3258:
3162:. Paul Silverstone. Archived from
2935:
2901:Dalia Ofer and Hana Weiner (1996)
2759:MacArthur, John R. (22 May 2009).
1951:, south of Haifa, just opposite a
1598:. The passengers were sent to the
1431:again ran the blockade arrived at
1251:the Haganah smuggled a bomb aboard
799:The journey of Aliyah Bet Group 14
362:Ministry of Aliyah and Integration
14:
3415:
3310:
2674:from the original on 13 June 2018
2634:from the original on 13 June 2018
2577:from the original on 14 June 2018
2537:from the original on 13 June 2018
2208:After the UN Partition Resolution
1905:On 17 February 1947, the steamer
1845:(647 passengers) was captured by
1821:and minesweepers HMS Octavia and
927:aground off Tel Aviv, August 1939
873:was intercepted and boarded by a
3315:
2881:. Author House. pp. 29–30.
2614:"The Aftermath of the Holocaust"
566:'illegal immigration').
47:
3268:; Hochstein, Joseph M. (1987).
3208:
3178:
3040:
3012:
2989:
2967:
2895:
2831:
1375:
1234:on 1 November, followed by the
854:Jews in British camps on Cyprus
657:Jews escaping from Nazi Germany
569:
482:being the second letter of the
2752:
2699:(1st ed.). Syracuse, NY:
2686:
2646:
2549:
2253:and taken in tow by the sloop
1495:On 25 March 1946 the schooner
1466:On 14 December 1945, the ship
1206:. They took four river boats,
1102:, with 514 passengers, mostly
784:("You can't frighten us") and
262:Revival of the Hebrew language
91:Homeland for the Jewish people
1:
3394:Jews from Mandatory Palestine
2489:
2412:
1517:On 27 March 1946 the steamer
1389:Buchenwald concentration camp
683:Nazi persecution and genocide
624:as a percentage of the total
3352:The background to Aliyah Bet
2845:. In Marrus, Michael (ed.).
667:dramatically intensified in
418:Historical Jewish population
7:
2877:Ziedenberg, Gerald (2011).
2467:
2286:(7,612 passengers) and the
2025:, and the Royal Navy towed
1149:to Haifa in two ships. The
909:
748:, a maritime branch of the
272:Hebraization of place names
10:
3420:
3384:Yishuv during World War II
3272:. Jerusalem and New York:
3240:. Routledge. p. 296.
2817:. Routledge. p. 184.
2152:On 27 September 1947, the
2096:On 18 July 1947, the ship
1730:On 22 September 1946, the
1546:. The same day, the ships
1445:On 17 September 1945, the
1318:On 20 September 1942, the
993:Memorial at Frishman Beach
848:in Palestine, and some to
811:
637:emissaries from the Yishuv
587:
576:Aftermath of the Holocaust
573:
539:is distinguished from the
332:World Zionist Organization
20:
3389:Blockades of World War II
2731:A Brief History of Israel
2701:Syracuse University Press
2346:On 28 February 1948, the
2332:On 20 February 1948, the
2318:On 12 February 1948, the
2263:On 28 December 1947, the
2242:On 22 December 1947, the
2195:On 16 November 1947, the
2180:On 15 November 1947, the
1926:On 27 February 1947, the
1894:lands Jewish refugees in
1705:On 2 September 1946, the
1452:On 23 November 1945, the
1438:On 9 September 1945, the
1415:On 4 September 1945, the
1295:On 11 December 1941, the
755:
3379:Jewish Agency for Israel
3291:Stewart, Ninian (2002).
3020:
2945:Wasserstein, B. (1979).
2693:Halamish, Aviva (1998).
2479:Jewish Agency for Israel
2307:On 31 January 1948, the
2231:On 4 December 1947, the
1832:On 5 December 1946, the
1798:On 9 November 1946, the
1747:On 20 October 1946, the
1684:(790 passengers) by HMS
1676:(604 passengers) by HMS
1558:after it had arrived in
1477:On 17 January 1946, the
1268:schooner formerly named
891:Underground to Palestine
844:. Some were sent to the
732:) led the effort; after
342:Jewish Agency for Israel
267:Hebraization of surnames
21:Not to be confused with
3021:Подводная лодка "Щ-215"
2728:Reich, Bernard (2005).
2274:On 1 January 1948, the
2163:On 2 October 1947, the
2128:14 Halalei Gesher Haziv
1932:, after the name of an
1791:. Four people had died
1695:On 16 August 1946, the
1661:On 12 August 1946, the
1647:On 11 August 1946, the
1126:, in the Italian-ruled
715:Allied-occupied Germany
713:, primarily located in
3274:Gefen Publishing House
2996:Aroni, Samuel (2007).
2953:. pp. not cited.
2921:. Simon and Schuster.
2915:Bierman, John (1984).
2813:Holmes, Colin (2015).
2659:Holocaust Encyclopedia
2619:Holocaust Encyclopedia
2562:Holocaust Encyclopedia
2522:Holocaust Encyclopedia
2438:
2422:
2397:On 26 April 1948, the
2386:On 24 April 1948, the
2375:On 12 April 1948, the
2361:On 29 March 1948, the
2309:35 Giborei Kfar Etzion
2227:
2047:On 23 April 1947, the
2032:On 13 April 1947, the
1999:On 30 March 1947, the
1983:On 12 March 1947, the
1899:
1884:
1870:
1709:, this time named the
1501:Palestine Police Force
1396:
1329:On 21 April 1944, the
1313:torpedoed and sank her
1006:
994:
940:
928:
800:
669:German-occupied Europe
628:
598:Consequences of Nazism
594:Antisemitism in Europe
551:is also shortened for
143:Aliyah in modern times
3324:at Wikimedia Commons
3266:Greenfield, Murray S.
3158:Silverstone, Paul H.
2428:
2420:
2320:Yerushalayim Hanezura
2225:
2126:On 28 July 1947, the
1958:On 9 March 1947, the
1890:
1876:
1861:
1605:On 20 July 1946, the
1587:On 26 June 1946, the
1550:(675 passengers) and
1383:
1260:In December 1940 the
1167:, for deportation to
1052:On 19 September, the
1045:On 16 September, the
1005:sinking in Haifa port
1000:
989:
959:On 29 July 1939, the
934:
922:
859:The pivotal event in
798:
617:
588:Further information:
372:Am Yisrael Foundation
219:from the Soviet Union
192:from Muslim countries
3234:Hazan, Haim (2016).
3160:"Aliyah Bet Project"
2975:"The Darien Dilemma"
2304:and taken to Cyprus.
2203:and taken to Cyprus.
2085:On 31 May 1947, the
2061:On 17 May 1947, the
1784:and the minesweeper
1565:On 8 June 1946, the
1531:On 13 May 1946, the
1136:Ferramonti di Tarsia
1010:On 2 September, the
846:Atlit detention camp
535:, "Ascension"). The
490:, many of whom were
337:Jewish National Fund
3054:. 27 September 2011
3052:Haapalah/Aliyah Bet
2977:. Erez Laufer Films
1934:assassinated leader
1776:On 19 October, the
1625:was intercepted by
1600:Atlit detainee camp
1435:with 73 immigrants.
1089:Kladovo-Sabac Group
982:During World War II
915:Before World War II
768:occupation sector,
760:Post-World War II,
744:, took charge. The
738:Mossad LeAliyah Bet
665:persecution of Jews
602:Holocaust survivors
553:Aliya Bilti Legalit
508:White Paper of 1939
504:Mandatory Palestine
500:Holocaust survivors
352:Mossad LeAliyah Bet
69:Gathering of Israel
3357:2014-02-22 at the
3028:(in Russian). 2013
2766:The Globe and Mail
2439:
2423:
2228:
2014:, minesweeper HMS
1900:
1885:
1871:
1397:
1336:On 5 August 1944,
1007:
995:
973:On 23 August, the
966:On 19 August, the
941:
929:
869:incident in 1947.
801:
629:
516:1948 Palestine war
246:from Latin America
162:during World War I
3320:Media related to
3302:978-0-7146-5210-8
3283:978-965-229-517-0
3247:978-1-317-05707-9
2960:978-0-19-822600-0
2928:978-0-671-50156-3
2888:978-1-4670-4495-0
2860:978-0-88736-263-7
2824:978-1-138-93849-6
2745:978-0-8160-5793-1
2714:978-0-8156-0516-4
2451:Sh'erit ha-Pletah
2276:HaUmot HaMeuhadot
2223:
2166:Medinat HaYehudim
1867:Medinat HaYehudim
1759:by the destroyer
1410:Caesarea Maritima
1255:Winston Churchill
900:Murray Greenfield
888:in his 1946 book
828:: (Karaolos near
778:Mediterranean Sea
707:displaced persons
702:Sh'erit ha-Pletah
663:" quotas. As the
565:
557:עלייה בלתי-לגאלית
459:
458:
115:Pre-Modern Aliyah
3411:
3319:
3306:
3287:
3252:
3251:
3231:
3222:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3193:
3182:
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3155:
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2788:
2771:
2770:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2664:Washington, D.C.
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2624:Washington, D.C.
2610:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2567:Washington, D.C.
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2527:Washington, D.C.
2513:
2348:Bonim v'Lochamim
2224:
1985:Shabtai Luzinsky
1907:HaMapil HaAlmoni
1766:and minesweeper
1488:and escorted to
1385:Yisrael Meir Lau
1352:Soviet submarine
1183:
1110:sailed down the
1030:had sailed from
863:program was the
822:internment camps
790:Zionist movement
693:Jewish survivors
641:Jewish partisans
563:
560:
558:
534:
473:
451:
444:
437:
311:Development town
294:One Million Plan
51:
28:
27:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3364:
3363:
3359:Wayback Machine
3313:
3303:
3284:
3261:
3259:Further reading
3256:
3255:
3248:
3232:
3225:
3213:
3209:
3201:
3197:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3169:
3167:
3156:
3067:
3057:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3001:
3000:. JewishGen.org
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2961:
2951:Clarendon Press
2943:
2936:
2929:
2913:
2909:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2839:Gilbert, Martin
2836:
2832:
2825:
2811:
2807:
2789:
2774:
2757:
2753:
2746:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2652:
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2647:
2637:
2635:
2612:
2611:
2590:
2580:
2578:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2540:
2538:
2515:
2514:
2497:
2492:
2470:
2441:The success of
2415:
2288:Kibbutz Galuyot
2212:
2210:
2138:, carrying 411
2080:Mordei Hagetaot
1929:Haim Arlosoroff
1902:
1901:
1663:Henrietta Szold
1632:on 2 July. The
1589:Josiah Wedgwood
1454:Berl Katznelson
1378:
1181:
984:
968:Aghios Nicolaus
917:
912:
814:
770:Bad Reichenhall
758:
711:post-war Europe
612:
586:
574:Main articles:
572:
543:("Aliyah 'A'",
484:Hebrew alphabet
455:
403:Jewish refugees
367:Nefesh B'Nefesh
299:Immigrant camps
101:Jewish question
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3417:
3407:
3406:
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3396:
3391:
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3381:
3376:
3362:
3361:
3348:
3347:
3340:
3339:
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3331:
3312:
3311:External links
3309:
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2388:Mishmar HaEmek
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2240:
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2201:Runnymede Park
2193:
2184:, renamed the
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2124:
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2083:
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1997:
1981:
1956:
1924:
1913:St Austell Bay
1856:
1855:
1854:
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1808:Knesset Israel
1804:Knesset Israel
1796:
1774:
1751:, renamed the
1745:
1728:
1703:
1700:Amiram Shochat
1693:
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1282:Sea of Marmara
1258:
1249:from sailing,
1204:Adolf Eichmann
1200:
1184:s refugees to
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980:
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978:
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757:
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645:Jewish Brigade
571:
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521:In modern-day
494:escaping from
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3204:
3199:
3191:
3187:
3181:
3166:on 2009-01-07
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2360:
2357:
2353:
2350:formerly the
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2328:
2327:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2310:
2306:
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2265:29 BeNovember
2262:
2259:
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2252:
2251:
2245:
2244:Lo Tafchidunu
2241:
2238:
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2191:
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2154:Af Al Pi Chen
2151:
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2147:
2141:
2140:North African
2137:
2133:
2129:
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2118:
2114:
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2101:
2095:
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2091:Yehuda Halevy
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2066:
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2057:
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2042:St Brides Bay
2039:
2035:
2034:Theodor Herzl
2031:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2022:St Brides Bay
2017:
2013:
2012:
2006:
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1982:
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1938:Jewish Agency
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1711:Arba Cheruyot
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1390:
1386:
1382:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1243:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1118:and into the
1117:
1113:
1109:
1106:members. The
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1018:gunboats off
1017:
1013:
1009:
1008:
1004:
999:
992:
988:
976:
972:
969:
965:
962:
958:
955:
951:
950:Jewish Agency
947:
943:
942:
938:
933:
926:
921:
907:
905:
902:(of the ship
901:
896:
894:
892:
887:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
867:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
809:
806:
797:
793:
791:
787:
783:
782:Lo Tafchidunu
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
753:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
690:
689:
684:
680:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
627:
623:
620:
616:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
585:
584:The Holocaust
581:
577:
567:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
530:
529:
524:
519:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
478:'B'" –
477:
469:
465:
464:
452:
447:
445:
440:
438:
433:
432:
430:
429:
424:
421:
419:
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404:
401:
399:
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394:
391:
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386:
385:
384:
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379:
378:
373:
370:
368:
365:
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360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
328:
327:
324:Organizations
323:
322:
317:
314:
312:
309:
305:
302:
300:
297:
296:
295:
292:
290:
289:Youth village
287:
285:
282:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
264:
263:
260:
259:
258:
257:
253:
252:
247:
244:
242:
239:
237:
236:from Ethiopia
234:
232:
229:
225:
222:
221:
220:
217:
213:
210:
208:
205:
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141:
140:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
121:
120:
119:
116:
113:
112:
107:
106:Law of Return
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
80:
77:
76:
75:
72:
70:
67:
65:
64:Promised Land
62:
61:
60:
59:
55:
54:
50:
46:
45:
42:
39:
38:
34:
30:
29:
24:
23:Second Aliyah
19:
3314:
3292:
3269:
3236:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3189:
3180:
3168:. Retrieved
3164:the original
3056:. Retrieved
3051:
3042:
3030:. Retrieved
3025:
3014:
3002:. Retrieved
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2969:
2946:
2917:
2910:
2902:
2897:
2878:
2846:
2833:
2814:
2808:
2799:
2764:
2754:
2730:
2723:
2695:
2688:
2676:. Retrieved
2657:
2648:
2636:. Retrieved
2617:
2579:. Retrieved
2560:
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2520:
2517:"Aliyah Bet"
2484:Yom HaAliyah
2455:
2442:
2440:
2437:, Jerusalem.
2430:
2404:
2398:
2391:
2387:
2380:
2376:
2368:
2362:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2339:
2334:Lekommemiyut
2333:
2325:
2319:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2249:
2243:
2237:Yarkon River
2232:
2200:
2196:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2157:
2153:
2145:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2117:Port-de-Bouc
2112:
2106:
2099:
2090:
2079:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2054:
2049:Shear Yashuv
2048:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2021:
2018:and frigate
2015:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1993:British Army
1984:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1953:British Army
1943:
1927:
1919:
1912:
1906:
1891:
1879:
1866:
1848:
1842:
1834:
1824:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1777:
1769:
1762:
1752:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1723:
1716:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1690:Twenty Three
1689:
1685:
1682:Twenty Three
1681:
1677:
1673:
1662:
1654:
1648:
1641:
1633:
1628:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1594:
1588:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1566:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1524:
1518:
1510:
1496:
1484:
1478:
1467:
1459:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1428:
1416:
1401:
1391:, arrive at
1376:After VE Day
1368:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1330:
1319:
1308:
1301:sailed from
1297:
1289:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1195:
1185:
1178:
1173:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1107:
1098:sailed from
1095:
1068:
1053:
1046:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1011:
1002:
990:
974:
967:
960:
945:
936:
924:
903:
897:
889:
883:
878:
870:
865:
860:
858:
815:
802:
785:
781:
761:
759:
734:World War II
730:Revisionists
727:
700:
686:
678:
677:
649:British Army
632:
630:
570:Organization
552:
548:
541:Aliyah Aleph
540:
536:
527:
526:
520:
496:Nazi Germany
462:
461:
460:
423:Yom HaAliyah
347:Youth Aliyah
241:from Romania
181:
18:
2458:Mount Herzl
2435:Mount Herzl
2352:Enzo Sereni
2136:Shivat Zion
1578:Haviva Reik
1567:Haviva Reik
1505:Bracha Fuld
1479:Enzo Sereni
1395:, July 1945
1054:Noemi Julia
886:I. F. Stone
786:La-Nitzahon
697:Nazi crimes
671:during the
661:White Paper
231:from Poland
224:post-Soviet
3374:Aliyah Bet
3368:Categories
3337:Aliyah Bet
3322:Aliyah Bet
3219:Yad Vashem
2949:. Oxford:
2703:. p.
2678:12 October
2638:13 October
2581:12 October
2541:12 October
2490:References
2443:Aliyah Bet
2413:Conclusion
2394:off Haifa.
2146:Providence
2073:Brissenden
1978:Chivalrous
1819:Brissenden
1782:Chivalrous
1753:Braha Fuld
1732:brigantine
1724:Chivalrous
1686:Brissenden
1655:Brissenden
1533:Max Nordau
1404:, made in
1264:, a small
1212:Schönbrunn
1128:Dodecanese
1120:Aegean Sea
1100:Bratislava
1081:Yugoslavia
1065:Bratislava
1047:Rudnitchan
1028:Tiger Hill
1024:Belleville
1016:Royal Navy
1012:Tiger Hill
991:Tiger Hill
937:Tiger Hill
875:Royal Navy
842:Xylotymbou
818:Royal Navy
635:, several
622:death toll
537:Aliyah Bet
533:הַעְפָּלָה
463:Aliyah Bet
254:Absorption
182:Aliyah Bet
129:Old Yishuv
2462:Jerusalem
2403:HMS
2377:Tirat Zvi
2299:HMS
2294:Mauritius
2292:HMS
2255:HMS
2248:HMS
2233:HaPortzim
2144:HMS
2105:HMS
2053:HMS
2029:to Haifa.
2020:HMS
2009:HMS
1989:Gaza City
1970:Chieftain
1961:Ben Hecht
1949:Bat Galim
1944:Chieftain
1918:HMS
1911:HMS
1849:Chieftain
1847:HMS
1823:HMS
1812:HMS
1800:HaKedosha
1786:HMS
1768:HMS
1761:HMS
1739:HMS
1722:HMS
1715:HMS
1653:HMS
1627:HMS
1593:HMS
1571:HMS
1560:La Spezia
1537:HMS
1523:HMS
1509:HMS
1483:HMS
1458:HMS
1331:Belasitza
1324:Bosphorus
1303:Constanţa
1292:(No. 66).
1270:Tsar Krum
1266:Bulgarian
1169:Mauritius
1116:Black Sea
1075:. At the
1071:down the
1036:Frossoula
1032:Constanţa
850:Mauritius
830:Famagusta
619:Holocaust
555:(Hebrew:
531:(Hebrew:
316:Austerity
304:Ma'abarot
3355:Archived
3058:26 March
3032:27 March
2841:(1989).
2794:(1955).
2672:Archived
2670:. 2020.
2632:Archived
2630:. 2020.
2575:Archived
2573:. 2020.
2535:Archived
2533:. 2020.
2468:See also
2431:Salvador
2340:Childers
2313:Childers
2280:Nahariya
2158:Talybont
2121:DP camps
2098:SS
2071:and HMS
2040:and HMS
1976:and HMS
1896:Nahariya
1878:SS
1829:injured.
1825:Espiegle
1817:and HMS
1793:en route
1717:Childers
1678:Talybont
1617:west of
1573:Saumarez
1544:Chequers
1542:and HMS
1525:Chequers
1485:Talybont
1472:Nahariya
1440:Gabriela
1433:Shefayim
1406:Monopoli
1356:Shch-215
1309:Shch-213
1286:Istanbul
1278:Salvador
1262:Salvador
1240:SS
1179:Atlantic
1174:Atlantic
1124:Mytilene
1077:Romanian
1020:Tel Aviv
961:Colorado
910:Timeline
861:Ha'apala
838:Dhekelia
774:Leipheim
766:American
762:Ha'apala
679:Ha'apala
673:Nazi era
633:Ha'apala
528:Ha'apala
492:refugees
472:עלייה ב'
134:Perushim
79:Negation
74:Diaspora
56:Concepts
33:a series
31:Part of
3190:Haaretz
3170:9 April
3004:9 April
2981:9 April
2918:Odyssey
2405:Pelican
2399:Nakhson
2392:Chevron
2369:Verulam
2326:Cheviot
2284:Atzmaut
2269:Chevron
2257:Mermaid
2250:Verulam
2190:Netanya
2175:Chaplet
2087:Haganah
2064:Hatikva
2055:Cheviot
2027:Moledet
2016:Octavia
2011:Charity
2001:Moledet
1974:Chevron
1936:of the
1920:Welfare
1863:Haganah
1843:Lanegev
1788:Octavia
1763:Chaplet
1757:Lebanon
1735:Palmach
1707:Dov Hos
1634:Haganah
1607:Haganah
1580:to the
1556:Dov Hos
1548:Dov Hos
1519:Tel Hai
1511:Chevron
1497:Wingate
1460:Peacock
1421:Palmach
1365:Mefküre
1361:Mefküre
1343:Mefküre
1284:, near
1272:, left
1228:Pacific
1190:Haganah
1152:Pacific
1114:to the
1085:Kladovo
1040:Lebanon
954:Haganah
904:Hatikva
834:Nicosia
812:History
750:Palmach
742:Haganah
719:Austria
695:of the
647:of the
631:During
564:
549:Aliya B
284:Kibbutz
212:Lebanon
207:Morocco
96:Zionism
3299:
3280:
3244:
3203:Unalga
2957:
2925:
2885:
2857:
2821:
2742:
2711:
2447:Yishuv
2381:Virago
2363:Yehiam
2301:Phoebe
2197:Kadima
2186:Aliyah
2171:Geulah
2134:. The
2132:Rowena
2113:Exodus
2100:Exodus
2038:Haydon
2005:Haydon
1972:, HMS
1898:, 1948
1880:Exodus
1835:Rafiah
1814:Haydon
1806:. The
1778:Latrun
1741:Rowena
1680:, and
1667:Cyprus
1629:Virago
1623:Biriah
1621:. The
1615:Biriah
1611:France
1539:Jervis
1369:Bulbul
1348:Morino
1338:Bulbul
1320:Europa
1298:Struma
1290:Darien
1274:Burgas
1247:Patria
1242:Patria
1224:Uranus
1218:, and
1216:Helios
1208:Uranus
1196:Patria
1186:Patria
1164:Patria
1147:Tulcea
1140:Allied
1132:Rhodes
1112:Danube
1108:Pencho
1096:Pencho
1073:Danube
1069:Uranus
1061:Vienna
1003:Patria
975:Parita
946:Vallos
925:Parita
879:Exodus
871:Exodus
866:Exodus
840:, and
826:Cyprus
756:Routes
746:Palyam
736:, the
721:, and
688:Bricha
643:, the
608:; and
582:, and
523:Israel
476:Aliyah
468:Hebrew
398:Yerida
388:Yishuv
187:Bricha
172:Fourth
157:Second
41:Aliyah
2736:39–40
2356:Venus
2182:Peter
2089:ship
2069:Venus
1996:week.
1966:Irgun
1865:ship
1649:Yagur
1642:Venus
1638:Bakar
1619:Crete
1595:Venus
1490:Haifa
1447:Peter
1429:Natan
1417:Natan
1402:Dalin
1393:Haifa
1359:sank
1236:Milos
1232:Haifa
1194:sank
1188:when
1182:'
1158:Milos
1104:Betar
805:UNRRA
723:Italy
545:Aleph
502:, to
393:Sabra
357:El Al
277:Ulpan
197:Yemen
177:Fifth
167:Third
152:First
3297:ISBN
3278:ISBN
3242:ISBN
3172:2018
3060:2013
3034:2013
3006:2018
2983:2018
2955:ISBN
2923:ISBN
2883:ISBN
2855:ISBN
2819:ISBN
2740:ISBN
2709:ISBN
2680:2020
2640:2020
2583:2020
2543:2020
2367:HMS
2338:HMS
2324:HMS
2297:and
2107:Ajax
2007:and
1942:HMS
1770:Moon
1720:and
1697:yawl
1582:Rafi
1423:and
1346:and
1220:Melk
772:and
717:and
562:lit.
488:Jews
202:Iraq
2851:388
2460:in
2453:).
1063:to
1001:SS
935:SS
923:SS
824:in
725:."
480:bet
474:, "
3370::
3276:.
3226:^
3217:.
3188:.
3068:^
3050:.
3024:.
2937:^
2869:^
2853:.
2775:^
2763:.
2738:.
2707:.
2705:68
2666::
2662:.
2656:.
2626::
2622:.
2616:.
2591:^
2569::
2565:.
2559:.
2529::
2525:.
2519:.
2498:^
2464:.
1340:,
1214:,
1210:,
836:,
832:,
651:,
639:,
604:;
600:;
596:;
592:;
578:,
559:,
518:.
470::
35:on
3305:.
3286:.
3250:.
3221:.
3192:.
3174:.
3062:.
3036:.
3008:.
2985:.
2963:.
2931:.
2891:.
2863:.
2827:.
2769:.
2748:.
2717:.
2682:.
2642:.
2585:.
2545:.
2383:.
2372:.
2358:.
2343:.
2329:.
2315:.
2271:.
2260:.
2239:.
2177:.
2149:.
2123:.
2075:.
2058:.
1980:.
1923:.
1773:.
1602:.
1514:.
1492:.
1326:.
1042:.
893:,
699:(
466:(
450:e
443:t
436:v
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
