815:
699:
33:
526:
He had a reputation amongst his subjects as "an authority almost supreme," earning him the title "Chief of
Pandita" for his erudite and precise explanations of the Qur'an. He revised the sultanate's legal code and its justice system, and initiated translation of portions of the Qur'an and several
361:
Fernando Valdes y Tamon, contained five articles: first, the preservation of permanent peace between the two states; second, the provision for alliance and mutual aid against any foreign foe; third, free trade between the two states; fourth, responsibility of each state for all infractions of the
522:
Azim ud-Din I is one of the more beloved monarchs of Sulu, regarded to be a man of peace and a reformer. He kept his end of the Treaty of 1737 faithfully and was actually obliterated during the whole period he held the reins of government. He also minted money, organised an army and tried to
527:
legal and religious into the local language. He strongly urged his government to observe their religion faithfully, and wanted all panditas to learn Arabic, initiating the drafting of a vocabulary of
Islamic terms as a preliminary step into making Arabic the official language of the state.
421:, gave him a reception befitting a prince of high rank. The Sultan was publicly received in the Hall of the Audiencia, but instead of immediately addressing the issue of his usurpation, he told Arechederra that he wanted to be instructed in the Christian faith preparatory to receiving the
510:, took power, and upon the latter's death Ferdinand I returned to Sulu. He was welcomed by his people and reverted to Islam, remaining a Muslim until his death. In November 1773, he abdicated the throne in favour of his son,
393:
Bantilan tried to assassinate the Sultan by thrusting a spear at him, inflicting a severe wound on his side or thigh. In the ensuing unrest, it became too dangerous for the missionaries to remain in
401:, where he sought the aid of Spain against Bantilan's unopposed seizure of power. Bantilan did not expel the Jesuits but he gave them no opportunity to accomplish their mission.
761:
731:
207:
741:
756:
736:
318:
211:
1557:
726:
668:
353:, abandoned claims to the throne. One of the earliest events in the reign of Azim ud-Din I was his ratification of the Treaty of 1737. He was represented in
193:
452:, promised now Ferdinand I that the Spanish would restore him to the throne and punish Bantilan and his pirates. It is unclear whether Ferdinand I embraced
721:
449:
1011:
780:
766:
383:
379:
511:
349:
Azim ud-Din I acceded the throne in 1732 after his father abdicated, but only assumed full powers and formal recognition in 1735 when his cousin,
480:
led to allegations that he had advocated treason in the letter. He was subsequently arrested and imprisoned for ten years on charges of treason.
350:
382:
learnt that he had given his assent, they raised fierce opposition. A party was formed under the leadership of the Sultan's brother, Prince
661:
418:
1572:
1562:
989:
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in 1762. The following year, he was restored to the throne by the
British, upon whose departure from Manila after the signing of the
814:
97:
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69:
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50:
76:
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65:
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1058:
601:
54:
638:
A local Church living for dialogue: Muslim-Christian relations in
Mindanao-Sulu, Philippines : 1965–2000
357:
by Datu
Mohammad Ismael and Datu Ja'far, who both signed the document. The treaty, drawn in January 1737 by
487:
1124:
17:
1405:
1019:
711:
362:
peace; and fifth, provision for the exchange of captives and return of all church images and ornaments.
536:
386:, for the purpose of expelling the missionaries and deposing Azim ud-Din I. Hostilities increased and
1577:
1567:
1081:
841:
578:
1542:
1435:
1352:
751:
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473:
249:
90:
959:
The last recognised Sultan of Sulu was Sultan
Jamalul Kiram II and based on historical records in
397:. Overpowered, disheartened, and grieved, Azim ud-Din I fled Jolo with his family and retinue for
877:
677:
305:
from 1735 to 1748, and again from 1764 until his abdication in 1774. He was briefly converted to
43:
1459:
889:
785:
495:
636:
Larousse, William; Pontificia
Università gregoriana. Centre "Cultures and Religions." (2001).
566:
197:
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under the name
Fernando until he returned to Sulu and reverted to Islam, dying as a Muslim.
1410:
716:
8:
1470:
1430:
1381:
1326:
1025:
746:
491:
1360:
1113:
563:
Larousse & Pontificia
Università gregoriana. Centre "Cultures and Religions." 2001
1397:
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1021:
919:
681:
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sincerely or merely as a political move, a matter held in doubt by the
Spanish.
1152:
1142:
1070:
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398:
290:
476:, on behalf of the Marquis of Ovando. However, inconsistent translations into
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to the latter's great joy. He was baptised in 1750, taking the name
32:
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1194:
1089:
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374:
sent him a letter requesting permission for missionaries from the
1163:
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The young Alimuddin initially attended the school of his father,
236:
136:
378:
to propagate Christianity in the southern Philippines. When his
1063:
972:
968:
618:"Azim Ud-Din: The Apogee of the Muslim Wars | Philippines"
465:
410:
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298:
158:
1059:
Kasumuran • Ganashakti • Bisruta • Namwaran • Angkatan • Bukah
971:, he died in 1936 and had seven daughters but no son which in
394:
329:, to complete his education. There he became proficient in
831:
468:
in 1751 to return to Sulu, Ferdinand I wrote a letter in
472:
addressed to Muhammad Khair ud-Din Amir ud-Din Itamza,
975:, a woman cannot be appointed as heir or successor.
596:. University of Exeter Press. pp. 73–74, 106.
227:
Sultan Amirul M'umimin Maharajah Adinda Azim ud-Din
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1521:Debatable, legend-based or disputed rulers are in
498:saw raids by Sulu pirates on the city intensify.
1534:
506:After Sultan Bantilan had died, Bantilan's son,
1558:Converts to Sunni Islam from Roman Catholicism
1005:
662:
404:
1012:
998:
669:
655:
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1020:Pre-colonial Philippine royalty of the
14:
1535:
558:
556:
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993:
650:
591:
501:
483:Ferdinand I remained in prison until
871:Line after Mahakuttah Abdullah Kiram
585:
55:adding citations to reliable sources
26:
549:
274:
24:
910:Muhammad Punjungan Kiram (1980-83)
884:Mohammed Mahakuttah Abdullah Kiram
640:. Gregorian&Biblical BookShop.
25:
1589:
1563:Filipino datus, rajas and sultans
864:Claimants after Muwallil Wasit II
579:"The sultan who became Christian"
813:
697:
31:
459:
42:needs additional citations for
1573:People of the Seven Years' War
610:
571:
450:Marquis of Brindisi and Ovando
448:The new Governor-General, the
413:on 2 January 1749. In Manila,
344:
13:
1:
1548:18th-century monarchs in Asia
628:
365:
312:
1080:Lakans, Datus and Rajahs of
916:Mohammad Akijal Atti (83-90)
542:
337:, and gained mastery of the
208:Sultan Bantilan Muizz ud-Din
7:
832:Line after Jamalul Kiram II
530:
409:Azim ud-Din I travelled to
152:Azim ud-Din I (Ferdinand I)
10:
1594:
1553:British invasion of Manila
940:Mohamad Akjan Ali Muhammad
904:Line after Punjungan Kiram
537:History of the Philippines
405:Conversion to Christianity
130:
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1324:
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707:Sultans from 1405 to 1915
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517:
295:Don Fernando de Alimuddin
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592:Tracy, Nicholas (1995).
321:, and was later sent to
931:Agbimuddin Kiram (2015)
878:Mohammed Esmail Kiram I
419:Bishop of Nueva Segovia
267:Muhammad Azim ud-Din I
66:"Azim ud-Din I of Sulu"
913:Aguimuddin Abirin (83)
890:Muedzul Lail Tan Kiram
442:
212:Sultan Muhammad Israil
1456:Bantilan Muizz ud-Din
838:Bomid-Din I (1936-73)
488:captured and occupied
474:Sultan of Maguindanao
427:Fernando de Alimuddin
417:Juan de Arechederra,
198:Sultan Azim ud-Din II
1421:Muizz ul-Mutawadi-in
1254:Datus and Rajahs of
943:Abdul Rajak Aliuddin
825:Claimants after 1936
732:Muizz ul-Mutawadi-in
443:Fernando 1.° de Sulú
423:Sacrament of Baptism
51:improve this article
1431:Batarah Shah Tengah
1365:Maka-alang Saripada
1026:early modern period
747:Batarah Shah Tengah
194:Sultan Nasar ud-Din
1114:Agustin de Legazpi
523:establish a navy.
502:Reversion to Islam
490:Manila during the
287:Muhammad Alimuddin
275:مُحَمَّدعلیم الدین
1530:
1529:
1427:Muhammad ul-Halim
1022:Postclassical Era
987:
986:
982:
953:
952:
920:Jamalul Kiram III
899:
898:
857:
856:
842:Muwallil Wasit II
742:Muhammad ul-Halim
690:
686:
390:became imminent.
372:Philip V of Spain
370:On 12 July 1744,
327:Dutch East Indies
264:
263:
260:
231:
230:
127:
126:
119:
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16:(Redirected from
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1578:Sulu Archipelago
1568:Filipino Muslims
1436:Muwallil Wasit I
1406:Sharif ul-Hāshim
1372:Dimasangcay Adel
1033:Royalty of Luzon
1014:
1007:
1000:
991:
990:
976:
946:Eddy T. Sulaiman
901:
900:
868:
867:
829:
828:
817:
805:Jamalul Kiram II
752:Muwallil Wasit I
712:Sharif ul-Hāshim
701:
688:
684:
671:
664:
657:
648:
647:
641:
622:
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614:
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607:
589:
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492:Seven Years' War
415:Governor-General
376:Society of Jesus
359:Governor-General
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241:Maharajah Adinda
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35:
27:
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1543:Sultans of Sulu
1533:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1515:
1484:Malang-sa-Inged
1464:
1441:Nasir ud-Din II
1391:
1346:
1320:
1249:
1188:
1157:
1118:
1075:
1028:
1018:
988:
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949:
926:Ismael Kiram II
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866:
853:
844:(-36, murdered)
827:
818:
809:
800:Jamalul Kiram I
791:Azim ud-Din I (
772:Azim ud-Din I (
757:Nasir ud-Din II
702:
691:
678:List of sultans
675:
645:
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604:
594:Manila Ransomed
590:
586:
581:. 9 March 2013.
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464:Before leaving
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283:محمدعلیم الدیند
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1460:Azim ud-Din II
1457:
1454:
1449:
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1424:Nasir ud-Din I
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892:(86 - current)
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848:Amirul Umara I
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786:Azim ud-Din II
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737:Nasir ud-Din I
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689:(1936–present)
687:and claimants
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319:Badar ud-Din I
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291:Christian Name
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1418:Amir ul-Umara
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1110:
1109:Magat Salamat
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934:Phudgal Kiram
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727:Amir ul-Umara
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485:Great Britain
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185:1735 and 1764
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68: –
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62:Find sources:
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52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
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1451:
1445:Salah ud-Din
1440:
1411:Kamal ud-Din
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773:
771:
762:Salah ud-Din
717:Kamal ud-Din
706:
637:
612:
593:
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573:
525:
521:
505:
482:
463:
460:Second reign
454:Christianity
447:
434:
426:
408:
392:
369:
351:Nasar ud-Din
348:
316:
307:Christianity
294:
286:
282:
266:
265:
258:Christianity
254:
157:
140:
128:
113:
107:October 2015
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
1469:Sultans of
1396:Sultans of
1361:Kabungsuwan
1353:Maguindanao
1351:Sultans of
973:Islamic law
965:Philippines
793:Ferdinand I
774:Ferdinand I
685:(1405–1915)
435:Ferdinand I
431:regnal name
429:, with the
345:First reign
250:Sunni Islam
190:Predecessor
133:Arabic name
18:Alimuddin I
1537:Categories
1415:Ala ud-Din
1337:Bata Shaja
1325:Rajahs of
1218:Balengkaka
1162:Lakans of
1123:Rajahs of
1099:Kalangitan
937:Fuad Kiram
722:Ala ud-Din
629:References
603:0859894266
565:, p.
366:Abdication
313:Early life
181:Coronation
77:newspapers
1493:Baratamay
1313:Lapu-Lapu
1272:Sri Lumay
1244:Paiburong
1228:Padojinog
1180:Kalamayin
1104:Lakandula
928:(99-2015)
880:(1950-74)
850:(35-1964)
543:Citations
399:Zamboanga
388:civil war
204:Successor
175:1764–1774
173:1735–1748
1487:Silongan
1448:Ali Shah
1368:Bangkaya
1233:Kabnayag
1223:Manduyog
1213:Bangkaya
1208:Sumakwel
1195:Madja-as
1143:Salalila
1090:Jayadewa
1054:Jayadewa
1024:and the
961:Malaysia
781:Bantilan
767:Ali Shah
531:See also
384:Bantilan
380:panditas
246:Religion
131:In this
1523:italics
1387:Kudarat
1343:Kolambu
1298:Humabon
1164:Namayan
1125:Maynila
1048:Lam-ang
1041:Magayon
922:(90-99)
886:(74-86)
478:Spanish
439:Spanish
323:Batavia
255:briefly
137:surname
91:scholar
1499:Bangon
1496:Maitum
1490:Monkay
1481:Budtul
1471:Buayan
1382:Buisan
1334:Kiling
1327:Butuan
1308:Katuna
1293:Parang
1288:Bantug
1184:Martin
1174:Palaba
1171:Tagkan
1138:Lontok
1095:Lontok
1065:Urduja
969:Brunei
600:
518:Legacy
512:Israil
470:Arabic
466:Manila
411:Cavite
355:Manila
339:Qur'an
331:Arabic
299:Sultan
297:) was
271:Arabic
159:Sultan
141:ud-Din
135:, the
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
1502:Bayao
1340:Siagu
1303:Tupas
1238:Lubay
1177:Laboy
1133:Ahmad
1082:Tondo
335:Malay
285:also
237:House
222:Names
170:Reign
98:JSTOR
84:books
1506:Utto
1478:Mamu
1398:Sulu
1317:Zula
1283:Ukob
1278:Alho
1265:Daya
1256:Cebu
1203:Puti
979:note
967:and
682:Sulu
598:ISBN
395:Jolo
333:and
303:Sulu
279:Jawi
163:Sulu
70:news
1511:Ali
680:of
445:).
433:of
301:of
161:of
139:is
53:by
1539::
963:,
567:77
551:^
514:.
441::
341:.
325:,
293::
289:;
277:,
273::
1525:.
1097:-
1013:e
1006:t
999:v
981:)
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670:e
663:t
656:v
642:.
620:.
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437:(
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95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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