33:
746:
533:
212:
662:
790:
849:
303:. In 1908, he was appointed by von Bülow as Deputy Secretary of Foreign Affairs, and returned to Berlin. He played a central role during the Bosnia Crisis. After badly misunderstanding France and Britain and recklessly stirring up German nationalists with his aggressiveness, he negotiated an agreement with France during the Second Morocco Crisis over Agadir in 1911.
252:
in 1911, when France militarily expanded its control of
Morocco. He demanded compensation in an aggressive saber-rattling fashion, sent a warship to the scene and whipped up nationalist sentiment inside Germany. A compromise was reached with France, which took control of Morocco and gave Germany a
265:, Robert Kiderlen, and Baroness Marie von Waechter, he was born in Stuttgart. His father was elevated to the personal nobility in 1852. In 1868, Alfred's mother, Marie Kiderlen, and her children, Alfred, Sarah and Johanna, were elevated to the hereditary nobility with the name
298:
In
Romania he gathered a deep knowledge of Eastern European politics, which led to a temporary appointment as chief at the foreign office, and he acted also as ambassador at Constantinople during the illness of the actual ambassador. He negotiated the construction of the
294:
in 1894 and was a diplomat stationed in
Copenhagen, St. Petersburg, Paris and Constantinople. He served as envoy to Copenhagen from 1895 to 1896. Later still he was transferred to Bucharest, where he spent ten years.
418:
Ralf
Forsbach, Alfred von Kiderlen-Wächter (1852–1912). Ein Diplomatenleben im Kaiserreich (= Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Bd. 59), 2 Bde., Göttingen
253:
slice of the French Congo. However, the
British were angry at German aggressiveness and talked of war. The episode, although small itself, permanently soured prewar relations between Berlin and London.
290:). Following studies of law, he joined the foreign office in 1879. Some years later, he accompanied the emperor to Russia, Sweden and Denmark. He was minister in the free city of
44:
129:
513:
324:
incident, which had triggered it. His attempts to reach an understanding with other great powers largely failed. He endeavored to make a friend of Russia.
284:(1870–1871) and then studied at different universities and retained throughout his subsequent career a good deal of the jovial manner of a German student (
569:
211:
286:
506:
106:
683:
964:
468:
522:
499:
486:
327:
Kiderlen-Waechter died in
Stuttgart in 1912. His personal papers are held in the Manuscripts and Archives division of the
979:
984:
400:
314:
on the protracted negotiations with the Triple Entete. Kiderlen-Waechter conducted negotiations in 1911 during the
594:
430:
346:
269:, combining the names and coats of arms of the Kiderlen and Waechter families. His name is occasionally spelled
777:
678:
649:
564:
447:
425:, Kiderlen-Wächter der Staatsmann und Mensch, Briefwechsel und Nachlaß, 2 Bde., Stuttgart/Berlin/Leipzig 1924
311:
75:
310:
resigned in
November 1909, Kiderlen-Waechter became Secretary of State and worked closely with Chancellor
574:
482:
241:
559:
826:
436:
352:
328:
875:
262:
173:
609:
554:
245:
913:
472:
634:
413:
229:
890:
767:
762:
733:
453:
200:
870:
604:
836:
599:
307:
974:
969:
772:
589:
32:
8:
446:
728:
318:
and was severely criticised both at home and abroad for his provocative attitude in the
713:
624:
614:
584:
99:
87:
936:
918:
718:
629:
549:
409:
320:
281:
708:
429:
345:
908:
865:
811:
806:
698:
667:
639:
478:
332:
300:
141:
688:
926:
895:
723:
491:
248:
from June 1910 to
December 1912. He is best known for his reckless role in the
422:
958:
885:
831:
693:
579:
538:
315:
249:
190:
408:
Band VI, Band 91 der
Gesamtreihe, C. A. Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1987,
903:
880:
795:
751:
703:
644:
821:
816:
931:
65:
169:
237:
854:
291:
479:
Newspaper clippings about Alfred von
Kiderlen-Waechter
956:
521:
394:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
370:The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914
236:; 10 July 1852 – 30 December 1912) was a German
280:Kiderlen-Waechter fought as a volunteer in the
507:
389:(University of North Carolina Press, 1940).
514:
500:
31:
18:German diplomat and politician (1852–1912)
57:27 June 1910 – 30 December 1912
957:
495:
448:"Kiderlen-Waechter, Alfred von"
444:
228:
431:"Kiderlen-Wächter, Alfred von"
347:"Kiderlen-Wächter, Alfred von"
119:21 January 1900 – June 1910
45:State Secretary for Foreign Affairs
13:
379:
14:
996:
462:
445:Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920).
401:Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels
847:
788:
744:
660:
531:
210:
965:Foreign secretaries of Germany
362:
273:, but the correct spelling is
1:
338:
312:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
240:and politician who served as
76:Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
523:Foreign Ministers of Germany
469:Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter
256:
225:Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter
25:Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter
7:
855:Federal Republic of Germany
483:20th Century Press Archives
130:Hippolyt von Bray-Steinburg
10:
1001:
980:Politicians from Stuttgart
796:German Democratic Republic
107:German Minister to Romania
945:
845:
786:
742:
658:
570:Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
529:
343:This article is based on
329:Sterling Memorial Library
261:The son of a banker from
218:
206:
196:
179:
156:
151:
147:
135:
123:
112:
105:
93:
81:
71:
61:
50:
43:
39:
30:
23:
985:Württembergian nobility
585:Hatzfeldt zu Wildenburg
473:German National Library
437:Encyclopædia Britannica
385:Barlow, Ima Christina.
353:Encyclopædia Britannica
610:Tschirschky-Bögendorff
454:Encyclopedia Americana
440:(12th ed.). 1922.
356:(12th ed.). 1922.
174:Kingdom of Württemberg
267:von Kiderlen-Waechter
778:Schwerin von Krosigk
392:Clark, Christopher.
368:Christopher Clark,
679:Brockdorff-Rantzau
650:Brockdorff-Rantzau
308:Bernhard von Bülow
242:Secretary of State
100:Gottlieb von Jagow
88:Wilhelm von Schoen
952:
951:
620:Kiderlen-Waechter
396:(2012) pp 204-13.
387:The Agadir Crisis
372:(2012) pp 204-13.
306:After Chancellor
282:Franco-German War
275:Kiderlen-Waechter
222:
221:
992:
859:
853:
851:
850:
800:
794:
792:
791:
756:
750:
748:
747:
672:
666:
664:
663:
543:
537:
535:
534:
516:
509:
502:
493:
492:
458:
450:
441:
433:
373:
366:
357:
349:
271:Kiderlen-Wächter
244:and head of the
232:
214:
186:
183:30 December 1912
166:
164:
152:Personal details
138:
126:
117:
96:
84:
55:
35:
21:
20:
1000:
999:
995:
994:
993:
991:
990:
989:
955:
954:
953:
948:
941:
858:(1949–present)
857:
848:
846:
841:
798:
789:
787:
782:
754:
745:
743:
738:
670:
668:Weimar Republic
661:
659:
654:
560:B. E. von Bülow
541:
532:
530:
525:
520:
465:
428:
382:
380:Further reading
377:
376:
367:
363:
344:
341:
333:Yale University
301:Baghdad Railway
259:
234:Alfred Kiderlen
197:Political party
188:
184:
168:
162:
160:
142:Friedrich Rosen
136:
124:
118:
113:
94:
82:
56:
51:
26:
19:
12:
11:
5:
998:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
950:
949:
946:
943:
942:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
862:
860:
843:
842:
840:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
803:
801:
784:
783:
781:
780:
775:
770:
765:
759:
757:
740:
739:
737:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
675:
673:
656:
655:
653:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
575:Limburg-Stirum
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
546:
544:
527:
526:
519:
518:
511:
504:
496:
490:
489:
476:
464:
463:External links
461:
460:
459:
442:
426:
420:
416:
397:
390:
381:
378:
375:
374:
360:
359:
340:
337:
258:
255:
246:Foreign Office
220:
219:
216:
215:
208:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
187:(aged 60)
181:
177:
176:
158:
154:
153:
149:
148:
145:
144:
139:
133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
110:
109:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
85:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
63:
59:
58:
48:
47:
41:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
997:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
962:
960:
944:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
863:
861:
856:
844:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
797:
785:
779:
776:
774:
773:Seyss-Inquart
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
758:
753:
741:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
676:
674:
669:
657:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
545:
540:
539:German Empire
528:
524:
517:
512:
510:
505:
503:
498:
497:
494:
488:
484:
480:
477:
474:
470:
467:
466:
456:
455:
449:
443:
439:
438:
432:
427:
424:
421:
417:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:
398:
395:
391:
388:
384:
383:
371:
365:
361:
358:
355:
354:
348:
336:
334:
330:
325:
323:
322:
317:
316:Agadir Crisis
313:
309:
304:
302:
296:
293:
289:
288:
283:
278:
276:
272:
268:
264:
254:
251:
250:Agadir Crisis
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
226:
217:
213:
209:
205:
202:
199:
195:
192:
191:German Empire
182:
178:
175:
171:
159:
155:
150:
146:
143:
140:
134:
131:
128:
122:
116:
111:
108:
104:
101:
98:
92:
89:
86:
80:
77:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
54:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
16:
947:East Germany
871:von Brentano
752:Nazi Germany
619:
600:B. von Bülow
542:(1871–1918)
452:
435:
406:Adelslexikon
405:
399:
393:
386:
369:
364:
351:
342:
326:
319:
305:
297:
285:
279:
274:
270:
266:
260:
233:
224:
223:
185:(1912-12-30)
167:10 July 1852
137:Succeeded by
114:
95:Succeeded by
52:
15:
975:1912 deaths
970:1852 births
919:Westerwelle
837:de Maizière
423:Ernst Jäckh
263:Wurttemberg
201:Independent
189:Stuttgart,
125:Preceded by
83:Preceded by
959:Categories
923:Steinmeier
914:Steinmeier
909:J. Fischer
827:O. Fischer
799:(1949–90)
768:Ribbentrop
755:(1933–45)
719:Stresemann
671:(1918–33)
630:Zimmermann
605:Richthofen
339:References
287:burschikos
163:1852-07-10
72:Chancellor
66:Wilhelm II
812:Ackermann
807:Dertinger
714:Rosenberg
595:Marschall
475:catalogue
414:0435-2408
257:Biography
207:Signature
170:Stuttgart
115:In office
53:In office
937:Baerbock
900:Genscher
891:Genscher
876:Schröder
866:Adenauer
709:Rathenau
635:Kühlmann
590:Bismarck
565:Radowitz
238:diplomat
927:Gabriel
896:Schmidt
763:Neurath
734:Neurath
729:Brüning
724:Curtius
485:of the
481:in the
471:in the
321:Panther
292:Hamburg
62:Monarch
904:Kinkel
886:Scheel
881:Brandt
852:
832:Meckel
822:Winzer
793:
749:
694:Simons
689:Köster
684:Müller
665:
640:Hintze
615:Schoen
536:
412:
704:Wirth
699:Rosen
625:Jagow
580:Busch
555:Balan
550:Thile
419:1997.
932:Maas
817:Bolz
645:Solf
410:ISSN
180:Died
157:Born
487:ZBW
331:at
961::
451:.
434:.
404:,
350:.
335:.
277:.
230:né
172:,
515:e
508:t
501:v
457:.
227:(
165:)
161:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
