665:
259:
196:
33:
1278:
In diesem Punkt stehe ich hinter Martin
Walsers Kritik an der Auschwitz-Keule. Ja, ich sehe diese Keule, die ständig gegen Deutsche geschwungen wird, falls sie etwas gegen Israel sagen. Tun sie es trotzdem, sagt die Keule sofort: "Ich schlage dich mit Auschwitz." Ich finde das unerträglich. Ich habe
417:
At this I am supporting Martin Walser's idea of the
Auschwitz-club . Yes, I see that club, that is waved constantly against Germans when they say something against Israel. When they do so still, then the club says directly: "I hit you with Auschwitz". I find that unbearable. I have always fought
246:. His sister Margarethe died after an accident with her bicycle in 1941, when she tried to escape German soldiers. In 1944 Grosser lived in Marseille and taught at a Catholic school; he learned then that part of his family in Germany had probably been deported to
1761:
1667:
1406:
1147:
Martin
Strickmann, L'Allemagne nouvelle contre l'Allemagne éternelle. Die französischen Intellektuellen und die deutsch-französische Verständigung 1944–1950. Diskurs, Initiativen, Biografien, Peter Lang, Frankfurt/M. 2004. 512pp
1468:
973:
1659:
1050:
1396:
401:
Grosser opposed many
Israeli government policies, as well as parts of the French government. When asked to describe the way his statements were received, he referred to the "moral cudgel" (
298:
in 1975 for his role as "middle man between French and
Germans, non-believers and believers, Europeans and people from other continents"; this gave him an early opportunity to speak at
1460:
226:, and Jew, he was forced to immigrate to France in 1933 due to the increasing antisemitism in Nazi Germany. He died only weeks after the family arrived in Paris. Alfred, his mother,
1290:
1269:
1437:
317:, arguing that exactly because his parents and four grandparents were Jewish he felt more strongly that Israel's settlement policy violated human rights. He wrote a book in 2009,
1530:
748:
234:, in 1937; as a result, they were spared possible internment in a French camp following France's declaration of war on Germany, in September 1939, when, under the government of
1008:
1371:
482:
and others, but she stood by her invitation. They threatened to walk out should
Grosser "fail regarding Israel". In the end, the speech was delivered without disturbance.
1194:
1557:
1796:
1776:
786:
1279:
immer gegen
Antisemitismus gekämpft. Und ich werde es immer tun! Aber Israelkritik per se mit Antisemitismus gleichzusetzen – das ist falsch und führt in die Irre.
1771:
1714:
438:
because he believed its reporting on the Middle East was unbalanced. He stated that the editor had reluctantly published his positive critique on a book that
1786:
687:
1245:
398:
where French and
Germans were held prisoners together. He was critical of French policies giving little chances to young people with migration background.
1634:
965:
1040:
730:
135:
394:, finding these places symbols of the First World War, while a better symbolic location after the Second World War, in his opinion, would have been
1169:
1090:
208:
1663:
709:
815:
1766:
664:
1298:
1266:
1429:
271:
167:
114:
1520:
692:
1341:
432:
Grosser was also of the opinion that Israel's politics inherently invoke anti-semitism. In 2003, Grosser left the board of magazine
1498:
1126:
998:
681:
464:
299:
295:
130:
1363:
1756:
1569:
806:
724:
703:
1205:
325:), questioning the policies and politics of Israel. He was invited to deliver the keynote for a yearly memorial event for the
1692:
868:
636:
623:
1816:
1781:
1751:
1702:
774:
479:
611:
601:
536:
825:
618:(= Kulturwissenschaft interdisziplinär/Interdisciplinary Studies on Culture and Society, Vol. 2), Baden-Baden 2007,
166:
in 1963, and writing books towards better understanding between the
Germans and the French. He was professor at the
1599:
314:
926:
410:
1811:
1237:
661:
established a visiting professorship for civic society research in his name, focused on German-French relations.
1806:
1801:
1045:
294:
in 1963. He wrote around 30 books towards better understanding between the
Germans and French. He received the
1621:
182:. He was critical of Israeli politics which caused controversies. His work was honoured with notable awards.
247:
1525:
658:
1165:
1082:
258:
1791:
1562:
395:
287:
159:
230:, and his sister were given French citizenship in 1937 through a decree by the Minister of Justice,
779:
Tobias Kaufman interviews Alfred Grosser, following his new book "Von Auschwitz nach Jerusalem" (
455:
1320:
195:
375:
340:. He held his speeches with only a few notes, reacting in excellent rhetoric to his audience.
719:
715:
336:
in 2014 in memory of the outbreak of the First World War. Grosser was a regular guest of the
219:
60:
446:
1746:
1741:
276:
172:
1332:
8:
1762:
Grand Crosses with Star and Sash of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
439:
419:
337:
158:. Although his Jewish family had to move from Frankfurt to France in 1933, he focused on
155:
1490:
1118:
918:
291:
163:
329:
at St. Paul's Church in 2010, which caused controversy already when it was announced.
910:
632:
619:
597:
532:
367:
243:
154:(1 February 1925 – 7 February 2024) was a German-born French writer, sociologist and
1552:
1461:"Jewish Critic of Israel Chosen to Speak at Frankfurt's Kristallnacht Commemoration"
762:
1349:
1003:
863:
792:
768:
755:
736:
450:
344:
274:. In 1965, Grosser began contributing to many newspapers and broadcasts, including
140:
858:
1345:
1273:
1086:
460:
391:
387:
371:
363:
348:
267:
213:
64:
463:, feeling that both were worthy neither of the prize nor of the presentation at
1238:"Zum Tod des in Frankfurt geborenen Publizisten und Politologen Alfred Grosser"
1122:
231:
32:
1735:
1725:
914:
669:
471:
406:
383:
362:
Grosser was sceptical of symbolic meetings of French and German politicians,
326:
422:
with anti-Semitism directly — that is dishonest and leads to mistakes.
434:
282:
266:
After the war Grosser studied political science and the German language in
239:
227:
178:
470:
Grosser was invited by the city of Frankfurt to give the main speech at a
170:
from 1955 to 1995, and contributed to newspapers and broadcasts including
1401:
969:
654:
379:
307:
1591:
922:
898:
594:
Nirgendwo und überall zu Haus. Gespräche mit Überlebenden des Holocaust
475:
222:, France. A director of a children's hospital in Frankfurt, socialist,
1708:
1241:
791:: Talk about "Von Auschwitz nach Jerusalem" with Moritz Reininghaus,
474:
commemorative meeting on 9 November 2010 at St. Paul's Church. Mayor
333:
302:. In 1992, he retired as the director of studies and research at the
223:
204:
56:
1430:"Erinnerung an Reichspogromnacht: Alfred Grosser in der Paulskirche"
442:, while later printing multiple readers' letters attacking Grosser.
1717:
1629:
899:"The Missed Opportunity: French Refugee Policy in Wartime, 1939–40"
830:
Die FrĂĽchte ihres Baumes. Ein atheistischer Blick auf die Christen.
767:
Interview by Stefan Reinecke and Daniel Bax with Alfred Grosser in
235:
1715:
Before the Kristallnacht commemory of 9 November 2010 in Frankfurt
1521:"Alfred Grosser Visiting Professorship for Civic Society Research"
584:
Die FrĂĽchte ihres Baumes. Ein atheistischer Blick auf die Christen
1336:
Falsche Wahl: Henryk M. Broder hat den Börne-Preis nicht verdient
1276:
Interview with Hamburger Illustrierten 21 October 2007, Nr. 41.
826:"Hinwendung zur Welt Warum Alfred Grosser nicht an Gott glaubt"
1722:
Ist die Meinungsfreiheit fĂĽr Israelkritiker wirklich bedroht?
499:
Germany in Our Time- a Political History of the Postwar Years
1728:
and the "Moralkeule" (moral club). Includes precise quotes.
1364:"Diplomat knocks Frankfurt mayor for honoring anti-Zionist"
629:
Von Auschwitz nach Jerusalem (Ăśber Deutschland und Israel)
242:
like other German residents. During the war he joined the
966:"Deutsch-französischer Politologe Alfred Grosser ist tot"
1724:
4 November 2010. Discussion about Grosser's support for
1397:"Controversy Swirls Around Pogrom Commemoration Speaker"
16:
Writer, sociologist and political scientist (1925–2024)
418:
anti-Semitism. And I will do it again! But equalizing
409:. In 1998, when one of Walser's speeches created huge
354:
Grosser died in Paris on 7 February 2024, at age 99.
250:, but refused to think of a collective German guilt.
495:
Deutschlandbilanz. Geschichte Deutschlands seit 1945
270:
and Paris. After 1955, he became a professor at the
478:was criticized for inviting him by members of the
343:He received the honour of a Grand Officier of the
731:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
218:, was born in 1880 in Berlin and died in 1934 in
136:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
1797:Winners of the Prix Broquette-Gonin (literature)
1777:Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
1733:
657:, where he had taught, was named after him. The
903:Historical Reflections / RĂ©flexions Historiques
993:
991:
238:, German refugees from Nazism were treated as
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
944:
1787:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to France
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
162:after World War II, was instrumental in the
1772:Grand Cross of the Ordre national du MĂ©rite
1664:Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques
988:
753:Martina Doering interviews Alfred Grosser,
710:Académie des Sciences morales et politiques
304:Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques
1428:Rundschau, Frankfurter (9 November 2010).
1391:
1389:
1291:""Israels Politik fördert Antisemitismus""
1202:Friedenspreis-des-deutschen-buchhandels.de
941:
750:Israels Politik fördert den Antisemitismus
31:
1693:Richtig denken, das heiĂźt: gerecht denken
1427:
1223:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
596:(Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt), MĂĽnchen 2006
1112:
1110:
1108:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1026:
663:
286:. He was very involved in improving the
257:
194:
1386:
892:
890:
888:
886:
764:Ich muss als Jude nicht fĂĽr Israel sein
682:Friedenspreis des Deutschen Buchhandels
296:Friedenspreis des Deutschen Buchhandels
199:The Grosser family in Frankfurt in 1930
131:Friedenspreis des Deutschen Buchhandels
1734:
1602:from the original on 21 September 2023
1572:from the original on 28 September 2023
1458:
1189:
1187:
1151:
1116:
1080:
1038:
704:Schiller Prize of the City of Mannheim
590:Der Begriff Rache ist mir völlig fremd
413:, Grosser publicly sided with Walser.
1533:from the original on 18 December 2023
1501:from the original on 11 February 2024
1440:from the original on 22 December 2017
1409:from the original on 23 December 2023
1248:from the original on 11 February 2024
1129:from the original on 11 November 2010
1105:
1065:
1023:
1011:from the original on 11 February 2024
896:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
445:Grosser criticized awarding the 2007
357:
272:Institut d'Ă©tudes politiques de Paris
168:Institut d'Ă©tudes politiques de Paris
115:Institut d'Ă©tudes politiques de Paris
1640:from the original on 6 November 2021
1172:from the original on 9 February 2024
1117:Rabitz, Cornelia (8 November 2010).
1093:from the original on 8 February 2024
1053:from the original on 8 February 2024
1039:Wiegel, Michaela (8 February 2024).
976:from the original on 8 February 2024
929:from the original on 8 December 2015
883:
871:from the original on 8 February 2024
859:"Deutsch-französischer Brückenbauer"
531:, Carl Hanser Verlag, MĂĽnchen 1985,
1767:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
1703:Presentation in Stuttgart city hall
1670:from the original on 27 August 2023
1471:from the original on 9 October 2022
1184:
253:
13:
1459:Mackey, Robert (8 November 2010).
1374:from the original on 31 March 2023
842:
480:Central Council of Jews in Germany
185:
14:
1828:
1686:
1297:. 11 October 2007. Archived from
999:"Geiger-Preis fĂĽr Alfred Grosser"
612:Robertson-von Trotha, Caroline Y.
542:Frankreich und seine AuĂźenpolitik
1695:Artikel at his 80th birthday in
788:"Ich bin genetisch optimistisch"
776:Sofort heiĂźt es: Antisemitismus!
490:Grosser's publications include:
207:on 1 February 1925. His father,
1652:
1614:
1584:
1545:
1513:
1491:"Wir trauern um Alfred Grosser"
1483:
1452:
1421:
1356:
1326:
1313:
1283:
1260:
1166:"Wir trauern um Alfred Grosser"
1083:""Ich bin ein echter Franzose""
699:1995: Cicero Prize for Rhetoric
604:(also on CD) pp. 120 – 129
485:
1368:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
1141:
1007:(in German). 13 January 2004.
867:(in German). 8 February 2024.
714:2004: Abraham Geiger Prize of
572:Wie anders sind die Deutschen?
1:
1757:20th-century German essayists
1319:Warum ich Israel kritisiere,
1041:"Ein Fährmann über den Rhein"
835:
742:
672:, receiving the Friedenspreis
608:Die Frage nach der Leitkultur
517:Der schmale Grat der Freiheit
405:), a phrase coined by writer
290:, and paved the road for the
190:
816:"Alfred Grosser at his best"
781:From Auschwitz to Jerusalem)
735:2019: Grand Officier of the
668:Grosser (l.) with President
592:in: Martin Doerry (editor):
319:Von Auschwitz nach Jerusalem
315:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
7:
1817:Academic staff of HEC Paris
1782:French political scientists
1752:German political scientists
1526:Goethe University Frankfurt
1119:"Remembering Kristallnacht"
783:, 18 September 2009. German
659:Goethe University Frankfurt
323:From Auschwitz to Jerusalem
10:
1833:
1334:Beleidigung des Humanismus
799:
676:Grosser's awards include:
648:
37:Grosser in Frankfurt, 2010
820:Wie anders ist Frankreich
795:28 September 2009. German
578:Wie anders ist Frankreich
529:Das Deutschland im Westen
396:Dachau concentration camp
288:Franco-German cooperation
160:Franco-German cooperation
123:
107:
87:
71:
42:
30:
23:
1709:Talk with Alfred Grosser
1558:Theodor Heuss Foundation
759:, 15 August 2006. German
708:1998: Grand Prix of the
616:Kultur und Gerechtigkeit
332:He gave a speech in the
327:November pogroms of 1938
1081:Welter, Ursula (1996).
631:, Rowohlt-Verlag 2009,
511:Versuchte Beeinflussung
313:He later turned to the
1812:Writers from Frankfurt
1711:18 June 2008 in Paris.
1553:"1978 Medaillenträger"
1321:Internationale Politik
771:, 4 April 2007. German
673:
642:Die Freude und der Tod
548:Mit Deutschen streiten
430:
263:
200:
1807:German male essayists
1802:French male essayists
1434:Frankfurter Rundschau
1344:22 April 2010 at the
897:Caron, Vicki (1996).
808:Deutschland in Europa
720:University of Potsdam
716:Abraham-Geiger-Kolleg
667:
560:Deutschland in Europa
523:Western Alliance V815
415:
261:
220:Saint-Germain-en-Laye
198:
1660:"CICERO Rednerpreis"
1592:"CICERO Rednerpreis"
427:Alfred Grosser, 2007
203:Grosser was born in
1405:. 5 November 2010.
1370:. 7 November 2010.
1301:on 12 November 2010
1244:. 9 February 2024.
1195:"Text der Laudatio"
972:. 8 February 2024.
688:Theodor Heuss Medal
525:(1982, from French)
338:Frankfurt Book Fair
156:political scientist
97:Political scientist
1699:, 1 February 2005.
1272:2010-11-12 at the
674:
447:Ludwig Börne Prize
420:criticizing Israel
358:Political opinions
264:
201:
1352:, 3. Februar 2007
811:, no author named
637:978-3-498-02515-1
624:978-3-8329-2604-5
465:St. Paul's Church
440:criticized Israel
334:German parliament
300:St. Paul's Church
244:French Resistance
149:
148:
1824:
1792:French essayists
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1639:
1626:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1566:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1517:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1360:
1354:
1350:die tageszeitung
1330:
1324:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1287:
1281:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1234:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1210:
1204:. Archived from
1199:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1162:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1114:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1078:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1036:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1004:Der Tagesspiegel
995:
986:
985:
983:
981:
962:
939:
938:
936:
934:
894:
881:
880:
878:
876:
855:
814:Michael Hereth:
793:Die Tageszeitung
769:Die Tageszeitung
756:Berliner Zeitung
737:Legion of Honour
696:
644:, Rowohlt-Verlag
586:, September 2005
554:Mein Deutschland
451:Henryk M. Broder
428:
349:President Macron
347:personally from
345:Legion of Honour
254:Studies and work
217:
141:Legion of Honour
78:
52:
50:
35:
21:
20:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1732:
1731:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1666:. 29 May 2018.
1658:
1657:
1653:
1643:
1641:
1637:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1605:
1603:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1573:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1502:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1472:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1426:
1422:
1412:
1410:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1346:Wayback Machine
1331:
1327:
1323:, February 2007
1318:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:Wayback Machine
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1236:
1235:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1211:on 19 July 2011
1208:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1175:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1115:
1106:
1096:
1094:
1087:Deutschlandfunk
1079:
1066:
1056:
1054:
1037:
1024:
1014:
1012:
997:
996:
989:
979:
977:
964:
963:
942:
932:
930:
895:
884:
874:
872:
857:
856:
843:
838:
824:Ursula Homann:
802:
745:
690:
653:A chair at the
651:
568:, November 2000
488:
461:Helmut Markwort
429:
426:
392:Arc de Triomphe
382:in Verdun, and
372:Reims Cathedral
360:
268:Aix-en-Provence
262:Grosser in 1975
256:
211:
193:
188:
186:Life and career
145:
119:
103:
83:
80:
76:
75:7 February 2024
67:
54:
53:1 February 1925
48:
46:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1830:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1730:
1729:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1688:
1687:External links
1685:
1682:
1681:
1651:
1613:
1583:
1544:
1512:
1482:
1451:
1420:
1385:
1355:
1325:
1312:
1282:
1259:
1222:
1183:
1150:
1140:
1123:Deutsche Welle
1104:
1064:
1022:
987:
940:
909:(1): 117–157.
882:
840:
839:
837:
834:
833:
832:
822:
812:
801:
798:
797:
796:
784:
772:
760:
744:
741:
740:
739:
733:
728:
722:
712:
706:
700:
697:
684:
650:
647:
646:
645:
639:
626:
605:
587:
581:
575:
569:
566:Was ich denke.
563:
557:
551:
545:
539:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
487:
484:
424:
359:
356:
351:in June 2019.
255:
252:
232:Vincent Auriol
192:
189:
187:
184:
152:Alfred Grosser
147:
146:
144:
143:
138:
133:
127:
125:
121:
120:
118:
117:
111:
109:
105:
104:
102:
101:
98:
95:
91:
89:
85:
84:
81:
79:(aged 99)
73:
69:
68:
55:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
25:Alfred Grosser
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1829:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1727:
1726:Martin Walser
1723:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1669:
1665:
1662:(in French).
1661:
1655:
1636:
1633:(in German).
1632:
1631:
1623:
1622:"Preisträger"
1617:
1601:
1598:(in German).
1597:
1593:
1587:
1571:
1568:(in German).
1567:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1548:
1532:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1516:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1329:
1322:
1316:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1263:
1247:
1243:
1240:(in German).
1239:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1171:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1144:
1128:
1124:
1121:(in German).
1120:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1092:
1088:
1085:(in German).
1084:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1052:
1049:(in German).
1048:
1047:
1042:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1000:
994:
992:
975:
971:
968:(in German).
967:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
945:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
893:
891:
889:
887:
870:
866:
865:
860:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
841:
831:
827:
823:
821:
817:
813:
810:
809:
804:
803:
794:
790:
789:
785:
782:
778:
777:
773:
770:
766:
765:
761:
758:
757:
752:
751:
747:
746:
738:
734:
732:
729:
726:
725:Goethe Plaque
723:
721:
717:
713:
711:
707:
705:
701:
698:
694:
689:
685:
683:
679:
678:
677:
671:
670:Walter Scheel
666:
662:
660:
656:
643:
640:
638:
634:
630:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
606:
603:
602:3-421-04207-1
599:
595:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
538:
537:3-446-12619-8
534:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
496:
493:
492:
491:
483:
481:
477:
473:
472:Kristallnacht
468:
466:
462:
458:
457:
452:
448:
443:
441:
437:
436:
423:
421:
414:
412:
408:
407:Martin Walser
404:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
355:
352:
350:
346:
341:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:Élysée Treaty
289:
285:
284:
279:
278:
273:
269:
260:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
215:
210:
206:
197:
183:
181:
180:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:Élysée Treaty
161:
157:
153:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
128:
126:
122:
116:
113:
112:
110:
108:Organizations
106:
99:
96:
93:
92:
90:
86:
82:Paris, France
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1721:
1705:1 June 2005.
1696:
1672:. Retrieved
1654:
1642:. Retrieved
1628:
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1596:redenwelt.de
1595:
1586:
1574:. Retrieved
1556:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1524:
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1494:
1485:
1473:. Retrieved
1464:
1454:
1442:. Retrieved
1433:
1423:
1411:. Retrieved
1400:
1376:. Retrieved
1367:
1358:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1315:
1303:. Retrieved
1299:the original
1294:
1285:
1277:
1262:
1250:. Retrieved
1213:. Retrieved
1206:the original
1201:
1174:. Retrieved
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1095:. Retrieved
1055:. Retrieved
1044:
1013:. Retrieved
1002:
978:. Retrieved
931:. Retrieved
906:
902:
873:. Retrieved
862:
829:
819:
807:
787:
780:
775:
763:
754:
749:
727:of Frankfurt
675:
652:
641:
628:
615:
607:
593:
589:
583:
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
547:
541:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
494:
489:
486:Publications
469:
454:
444:
433:
431:
416:
402:
400:
361:
353:
342:
331:
322:
318:
312:
303:
283:Ouest-France
281:
275:
265:
240:enemy aliens
228:Lily Grosser
209:Paul Grosser
202:
179:Ouest-France
177:
171:
151:
150:
77:(2024-02-07)
18:
1747:2024 deaths
1742:1925 births
1674:10 February
1644:10 February
1606:10 February
1576:10 February
1561: [
1537:10 February
1505:10 February
1444:21 December
1413:10 February
1402:Der Spiegel
1305:21 December
1267:"Der Stern"
1252:10 February
1215:21 December
1176:10 February
1168:. Rowohlt.
1133:13 November
1097:10 February
1015:10 February
970:Hessenschau
691: [
655:Sciences Po
505:Das BĂĽndnis
411:controversy
308:Sciences Po
212: [
94:Sociologist
88:Occupations
1736:Categories
1057:8 February
980:8 February
933:3 December
875:8 February
836:References
743:Interviews
476:Petra Roth
459:publisher
403:Moralkeule
376:Mitterrand
191:Early life
49:1925-02-01
1242:Frankfurt
915:0315-7997
435:L'Express
368:de Gaulle
248:Auschwitz
224:freemason
205:Frankfurt
57:Frankfurt
1718:Die Welt
1697:Die Welt
1668:Archived
1635:Archived
1630:Mannheim
1600:Archived
1570:Archived
1531:Archived
1499:Archived
1495:zvab.com
1475:31 March
1469:Archived
1465:The Lede
1438:Archived
1407:Archived
1378:31 March
1372:Archived
1342:Archived
1295:Stern.de
1270:Archived
1246:Archived
1170:Archived
1148:(German)
1127:Archived
1091:Archived
1051:Archived
1009:Archived
974:Archived
927:Archived
923:41299053
869:Archived
497:, 1970 (
453:through
425:—
364:Adenauer
277:La Croix
236:Daladier
173:La Croix
800:Reviews
718:of the
649:Honours
614:(ed.):
501:, 1974)
390:at the
388:Sarkozy
370:at the
65:Germany
61:Prussia
921:
913:
702:1996:
686:1978:
680:1975:
635:
622:
600:
580:, 2005
574:, 2002
562:, 1998
556:, 1993
550:, 1987
544:, 1986
535:
519:, 1981
513:, 1981
507:, 1981
384:Merkel
124:Awards
100:Writer
1638:(PDF)
1625:(PDF)
1565:]
1209:(PDF)
1198:(PDF)
919:JSTOR
828:, of
818:, of
695:]
456:Focus
216:]
1676:2024
1646:2024
1608:2024
1578:2024
1539:2024
1507:2024
1477:2023
1446:2017
1415:2024
1380:2023
1307:2017
1254:2024
1217:2017
1178:2024
1135:2010
1099:2024
1059:2024
1017:2024
982:2024
935:2017
911:ISSN
877:2024
633:ISBN
620:ISBN
610:in:
598:ISBN
533:ISBN
386:and
380:Kohl
378:and
366:and
280:and
176:and
72:Died
43:Born
1046:FAZ
864:taz
805:Of
449:to
310:).
1738::
1720::
1627:.
1594:.
1563:de
1555:.
1529:.
1523:.
1497:.
1493:.
1467:.
1463:.
1436:.
1432:.
1399:.
1388:^
1366:.
1348:,
1293:.
1225:^
1200:.
1186:^
1153:^
1125:.
1107:^
1089:.
1067:^
1043:.
1025:^
1001:.
990:^
943:^
925:.
917:.
907:22
905:.
901:.
885:^
861:.
844:^
693:de
467:.
374:,
214:de
63:,
59:,
1678:.
1648:.
1610:.
1580:.
1541:.
1509:.
1479:.
1448:.
1417:.
1382:.
1309:.
1256:.
1219:.
1180:.
1137:.
1101:.
1061:.
1019:.
984:.
937:.
879:.
321:(
306:(
51:)
47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
