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20:
126:
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145:, and "a powerful and enterprising collector of Roman antiquities and patron of the arts... He used both ancient and modern art as a form of cultural capital," Seymour Howard observed, "giving away acquisitions as favours and selling them for perpetually needed funds or when they lost efficacy for him." His first apprenticeship in this area was served under the papal antiquary and curator
688:
280:
As a cardinal Albani participated in the conclaves of 1724, 1730, 1740, 1758, 1769, and 1774-1775. He announced the elections of Pope
Clement XIII (1758), Pope Clement XIV (1769) and Pope Pius VI (1775). His consistent stand against French interests brought him closer to those of the Hapsburgs; he
219:
troops since 1707. Sir Horace Mann, a close correspondant with Horace
Walpole in England at the request of the Cardinal, arranged for John Chute of 'The Vyne' in Hampshire, who was enjoying the Grand Tour, to spy on the Jacobites, who were in Rome making their plans for an invasion of England from
42:(from 1721) he furthered the interests of the governments of Austria, Savoy and Britain against those of France and Spain; he was a noted jurist and papal administrator in his earlier career. Upon his death he was the last cardinal created by Pope
97:
Albani, who convinced
Alessandro to set aside his budding military career. In part, his weak eyesight, that led to blindness in his advanced age, was not propitious for a soldier, and hence Alessandro entered the clergy. After
66:
University in Rome. Early in life he also prepared for a military career. At the age of 9 years, on 26 August 1701, he was made an honorary member of the military brotherhood of justice of the
30:(15 October 1692 – 11 December 1779) was a Roman Catholic cardinal remembered as a leading collector of antiquities, dealer and art patron in Rome. He supported the art historian,
323:
and celebrated as complete in 1763, to house his evolving, constantly replaced and renewed collections of antiquities and ancient Roman sculpture, which soon filled the
594:"Winckelmann, like other eighteenth-century 'Arcadians' before him, served as Albani's ally or minion, not as his director," Howard observes (Howard 1993:239.).
259:, for which Vittorio Amedeo expressed his gratitude to Cardinal Alessandro with a rich abbacy and the title of "Protector of the Kingdom". Within the Papal
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and was a powerful advocate for his favourites. Among the works of modern artists that passed through his hands was the album of drawings by
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757:
385:. Perhaps the villa and a casina in the park were by Marchionni. Excavations in the park brought to light many ancient Roman sculptures.
354:, who were themselves related to the Albani and by this time had added the Albani name to their own. The Chigi eventually sold it to the
752:
742:
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Alessandro commissioned in 1745 the construction of the prominent Villa Albani in Rome. Building began in 1751 according to
187:, the British envoy at Florence, who caused Clement many occasions of concern. Named papal envoy, with his brother Cardinal
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was the architect in charge, at the Villa and perhaps also for the two temples in the park, an Ionic temple of Diana and a
662:
428:
223:
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Albani developed into one of the most astute antiquarians of his day, an arbiter of taste in the appreciation of
498:
Other cardinals of the Albani family include Gian
Girolamo (1570), Gian Francesco (1747), and Giuseppe (1801) (
339:. The Albani antiquities were catalogued by the Cardinal's secretary, the first professional art historian,
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against the interference of
Catholic monarchs in the diplomacy that surrounded the eventual expulsion and
184:
347:
stranded him in Rome without his pension, and whose own connoisseurship was sharpened by the connection.
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176:
161:
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Albani's accommodating manner suited him for diplomatic tasks, such as the successful negotiations with
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31:
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in Rome. As
Austria's ally, Britain, had no official representation, Albani performed necessary duties
358:, the Roman bankers, to whom the villa still belongs. Cardinal Albani's coins and medals went to the
435:
381:, that was finished in February 1732, but was habitable for a few weeks only in spring because of
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196:
285:, from 1756 until his death. On 12 August 1761 he was appointed Librarian of Holy Roman Church.
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303:
He died on 11 December 1779 and was buried in the
Observant Franciscan Church of San Pietro in
114:- for which Alessandro required numerous special dispensations, not least because his brother,
39:
153:
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over conflicting rights of nomination and investiture, aggravated by the acquisition by the
737:
732:
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considered the terms of the accords too generous. Tensions increased with the accession of
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According to the inscription on a drawing of the villa's ground-plan in the possession of
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8:
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35:
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Scotland. Information he collected was passed to Albani and then sent to
England.
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A brief bibliography of Albani and Villa Albani is given in Howard 1993:239 note 2.
332:
289:
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165:
469:
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Herbermann, Charles George; Knights of
Columbus; Catholic Truth Committee (1913).
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99:
94:
86:
183:, who shared many of Alessandro Albani's interests, and his correspondence with
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58:, then part of the Papal States. He was the son of Orazio Albani. His studied
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as his perennial guest in Rome) was exemplified by his friendship with Baron
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The Albani-Mann correspondence forms a large part of the documentation of
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John
Fleming, "Cardinal Albani's drawings at Windsor — their purchase by
130:
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was arrived at in 1741, Alessandro Albani signed on the part of Savoy.
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Carlo Marchionni. Ein Beitrag zur römischen Architektur des Settecento
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After the Napoleonic upheavals the Albani heirs sold the villa to the
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pretensions. Accords were finalised in 1727 during the pontificate of
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in the 15th century. Alessandro's father, Orazio, was the brother of
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His worldly manner and his sympathy with the Hanoverian party in
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Seymour Howard, 'Some Eighteenth-Century 'Restored' Boxers', in
474:. The New York Public Library: Robert Appleton Company. p.
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200:
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He was the formal protector of Rome's artists as patron of the
55:
378:
366:, columns and sculptures have been dispersed, but the famous
336:
260:
71:
211:, and to conclude the negotiations for the restitution of
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Connoisseurs and Secret Agents in Eighteenth-Century Rome
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Cardinal Alessandro Albani had another villa and park at
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in an attempt to retain Papal territorial rights in the
118:, had been made a cardinal in 1711 and still sat in the
106:
appointed Alessandro as a cardinal, on 16 July 1721 as
676:
343:, who was supported by Albani from the time when the
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were notorious and Albani was the representative of
85:(branch of Urbino), which originated from into the
16:
Roman Catholic cardinal and antiquarian (1692–1779)
54:Alessandro Albani was born on 15 October 1692 in
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89:that had established itself there from northern
515:Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes
362:, over which he had presided from 1761. The
327:that faced the Villa down a series of formal
273:, who was unsympathetic to Savoy. When a new
546:(1958:164-69; A. Blunt and Cook's catalogue.
663:Cardinal Albani and the Villa Albani, Anzio
436:Oldest living Member of the Sacred College
74:, and in 1707, a colonel of a regiment of
396:Alessandro Albani, patrono delle arti ...
251:, to which the papacy had long-standing
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18:
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133:from Alessandro Albani's collection (
669:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
281:represented Hapsburg Austria at the
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623:The casina illustrated in J. Gaus,
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758:Italian people of Albanian descent
429:Carlo Alberto Guidoboni Cavalchini
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292:Albani realigned himself with the
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637:Roberto Piperno, "Rome art lover"
517:; 56 (1993, pp. 238-255) p. 238f.
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440:7 March 1774 - 11 December 1779
34:and commissioned paintings from
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331:. Albani's lifelong friend
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614:No. 792 (March 1969:164f).
487:illyricum sacrum albanian.
341:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
298:Suppression of the Jesuits
32:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
471:The Catholic Encyclopedia
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164:and is conserved in the
102:'s death in March 1721,
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413:Albani (disambiguation)
215:, in the possession of
197:Frederick IV of Denmark
374:remains in the villa.
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207:, recently awarded to
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501:Catholic Encyclopedia
288:During the papacy of
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154:Accademia di San Luca
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673:: Albani, Alessandro
177:the Stuart pretender
147:Marcantonio Sabatini
112:Sant’Adriano al Foro
748:Artists from Urbino
36:Anton Raphael Mengs
394:Debenedetti, ed.,
257:Pope Benedict XIII
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209:Charles de Bourbon
181:Philipp von Stosch
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104:Pope Innocent XIII
68:Knights of St John
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108:Cardinal-Deacon
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738:1779 deaths
733:1692 births
705:Catholicism
607:, noted in
131:Demosthenes
64:La Sapienza
727:Categories
627:, fig. 47.
537:James Adam
402:; 9 (1993)
368:bas-relief
364:sarcophagi
162:George III
693:Biography
337:sham ruin
329:parterres
275:concordat
213:Comacchio
50:Biography
421:Records
407:See also
372:Antinous
356:Torlonia
283:Holy See
249:Sardinia
217:Habsburg
129:Bust of
76:dragoons
40:cardinal
679:Portals
576:, 1961.
383:malaria
294:zelanti
266:zelanti
193:Bologna
173:Britain
91:Albania
62:at the
38:. As a
481:12 May
325:casino
309:Marche
305:Urbino
253:feudal
201:Vienna
56:Urbino
717:Italy
455:Notes
352:Chigi
261:Curia
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189:Carlo
483:2010
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