1490:
1478:
1562:
1041:
896:
1526:
706:
1804:, pp. 209â210. "This was an age when Albanians and Bosnians were posted to garrisons within the Nile regions, and furthermore the bulk of the Albanian troops were uncultured, exceedingly unruly, and often hated. Yet the dynasty that Muhammad âAlÄ« established, the affection it had for Albanians and received from them, and the haven it afforded to them as exiles from Ottoman control, victimisation by Greek neighbours, or the sheer misery of Balkan poverty, meant that in time Alexandria, Cairo, Beni Suef and other Egyptian towns would harbour Albanians who organised associations, published newspapers and above all wrote works in verse and prose that include significant masterpieces of modern Albanian literature. Within al-Azhar and the two
1502:
1538:
1092:
1418:
1829:(Cairo, 1902) and his Skanderbeg drama â although they lived in Egypt for much of their lives, were essentially nationalists and not much influenced by the Islamic way of life that they saw around them. If anything, the rural arid peasant life in Egypt acted as a spur to their absorption in popular traditions which, in their view, enshrined the soul of their people. The Albanians in Egypt were, without a doubt, influenced by the Egyptian theatre â but specifically by those elements not overtly infused with Islamic sentiments. Later writers became prominent figures among the Albanian community in Cairo. Milo Duçi (Duqi) (d. 1933) did so because of his office as president of the national âBrethrenâ league (
1442:
1430:
1271:. In 1924, a regrouping of the Albanian clubs and societies was done in Cairo, under a unique society named "Lidhja e Shqiptarve te Egjiptit" (The League of the Albanians of Egypt), with Jani Vruho as chairman. More societies would follow; "Shoqerija Mireberse" (Benefactor Society) of Hipokrat Goda from Korçë established in 1926, and "Shoqeria e Miqeve" (Friends' Club) of Andon Zako in 1927. Thoma Kreini founded the "Tomorri" society, hoping to publish a newspaper with the same name but was unsuccessful. An Albanian school operated during 1934â1939, initially supported by the "Shpresa" (Hope) society founded by Stathi Ikonomi, and later by the exiled
1454:
1466:
725:
1514:
130:
3876:
2705:
1550:
2432:
1581:
964:, substituted the title of King for Sultan. However, British occupation and interference in Egyptian and Sudanese affairs persisted. Of particular concern to Egypt was Britain's continual efforts to divest Egypt of all control in Sudan. To both the King and the nationalist movement, this was intolerable, and the Egyptian Government made a point of stressing that Fuad and his son
850:
1079:
community from south
Albania who stationed in the vicinity of the Greek communities. Some of them published articles in the Greek community newspapers as well, frequently polemizing regarding Albanian identity. The Albanian community in Egypt, with their patriotic societies and publishing activities,
879:
and his successors. In contrast to his grandfather's policy of war against the Porte, Isma'il sought to strengthen the position of Egypt and Sudan and his dynasty using less confrontational means, and through a mixture of flattery and bribery, Isma'il secured official
Ottoman recognition of Egypt and
771:
Muhammad Ali transformed Egypt into a regional power. He saw Egypt as the natural successor to the decaying
Ottoman Empire, and subsequently constructed a military state with 4% of the populace serving in the army, which put Egypt on equal footing with the Ottoman Empire. His transformation of Egypt
1349:
came to power. With the advent of Gamal Abdel Nasser and the Arab nationalization of Egypt, not only the royal family but also the entire
Albanian community of around 4,000 families became the targets of hostility. They were forced to leave the country, thus closing the Albanian chapter in Egypt.
1808:
in Cairo, QaáčŁr al-âAynÄ« and
Kajgusez Abdullah Megavriu, Albanians and Balkan contemporaries were to find inspiration for a mystical quest, and artistic and literary stimulus, that sent ripples, as on a pond, throughout Albanian and Egyptian circles in Cairo and distantly and remotely in towns of
598:
community in Egypt began with government officials and military personnel appointed in
Ottoman Egypt. A substantial community would grow up later by soldiers and mercenaries who settled in the second half of the 18th century and made a name for themselves in the Ottoman struggle to expel French
1308:
Up to the 1940s the
Kingdom of Egypt continued to recruit ethnic Albanians from the Balkans in order to place them in key civil service positions. Recruitment criteria besides the appropriate qualification were exclusively Albanian language and ethnicity, and not religion.
1158:
and many others were all active in Egypt at some point in their careers. Some of them used it as temporary solution before moving to US or elsewhere, while some other settled permanently. Spiro Dine founded in 1881 the local branch of
1054:
dynasty continued throughout the 19th century, and indeed into the first three decades of the 20th century. By that time Egypt experienced a massive economic development and prosperity, French and
British investments (i.e. the
1809:
Albania, Kosovo and
Macedonia. Some of the outstanding literary figures of modern Albanian literature â for example, Thimi Mitko (d. 1890), the author of collections of Albanian folksongs, folk-tales and sayings, in his
1561:
1477:
914:, both in government and in the public at large, who insisted on the "unity of the Nile Valley", and would remain an issue of controversy and enmity between Egypt and Britain until Sudan's independence in 1956.
1406:
during the early rule of Mehmed Ali' dynasty, played a major role in GĂ©rĂŽme's paintings. He was fascinated by their swagger, their weapons and their costumes, particularly by the pleats of their typical white
984:. All these factors served to terminally undermine Farouk's position and paved the way for the revolution of 1952. Farouk was forced to abdicate in favor of his infant son Ahmed-Fuad who became
607:
which lasted there until 1952. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many other
Albanians settled into Egypt for economical and political reasons. However, in later years the activities of the
1366:, the stance toward Albanians changed, but just a few from the exiled families returned to Egypt. In recent times the number of people estimated to be of Albanian heritage in Egypt is 18,000.
1489:
1016:
armies. With the rise of Muhammad Ali in power, many of them would settle in Egypt and serve there. By 1815, the number of Albanian military was over 7000. Albanian troops partook in the
656:
and the arrival of the next one. The Ottoman government in Egypt came to rely on Albanians to staff their government, and Albanians soon made up much of the military and special
1341:
with his family. After King Zog and the Albanian royal family were forced out of Albania during the war, they took up residence in Egypt from 1946 to 1955 and were received by
1167:, a precursor and lobbyist for the Albanian education which started with the Albanian School of Korçë. Many newspapers and collections would come out, including the successful
2095:
The EncyclopĂŠdia of Egypt during the Reign of the Mehemet Ali Dynasty 1798-1952: The People, Places and Events that Shaped Nineteenth Century Egypt and its Sphere of Influence
948:. The legal fiction of Ottoman sovereignty over Egypt and Sudan, which had for all intents and purposes ended in 1805, was officially terminated, Hussein Kamel was declared
772:
would be echoed by the later strategies used by the Soviet Union to establish itself as a modern industrial power. Muhammad Ali summed up his vision for Egypt in this way:
1849:(Between two women, 1923). More recently still, it has been secular and Arab nationalist causes such as Palestine and Algeria that have inspired Albanian Egyptian writers."
2992:
2312:
892:'s nationalist government. While the Khedive would continue to rule over Egypt and Sudan in name, in reality, ultimate power resided with the British High Commissioner.
2177:
1398:. This visit was decisive for his development as an Orientalist painter and much of his subsequent work was devoted to orientalist paintings. The sizeable Albanian
1453:
980:
The reign of Farouk was characterized by ever increasing nationalist discontent over the British occupation, royal corruption and incompetence, and the disastrous
1080:
played an important role in the Albanian national awakening at the end of the 19th century. The first Albanian society of Egypt was founded in 1875. It was named
1417:
880:
Sudan's virtual independence. This freedom was severely undermined in 1879 when the Sultan colluded with the Great Powers to depose Isma'il in favor of his son
1230:, and "Bashkimi" (The union) which was found everywhere in Albanian populated areas and diaspora. It was an Albanian high official in Egypt, who sponsored the
1215:(The discussions) of 1925â26 with 60 issues in total, which would be the last Albanian-language newspaper in Egypt. Aleksander Xhuvani published the newspaper
776:
I am well aware that the Empire is heading by the day toward destruction. ... On her ruins I will build a vast kingdom ... up to the Euphrates and the Tigris.
3750:
1525:
1008:, and his loyal troops), Mehmed Ali made good use of Albanian irregulars services as mercenaries and troops to bolster his reign. Albanian mercenaries, or
1501:
2313:"The Albanian Greek-Orthodox Intellectuals: Aspects of their Discourse between Albanian and Greek National Narratives (late 19th - early 20th centuries)"
1537:
811:
3712:
2985:
1160:
1021:
833:
to the Ottoman Albanian ruler Muhammad Ali as a personal fiefdom â had functioned as the chief centre of recruitment for Albanians who entered the
2741:
957:
2156:
1429:
1040:
818:
in the first half of his reign and Egyptian control would be consolidated and expanded under his successors, most notably Ibrahim Pasha's son
1441:
2093:
3905:
2219:
2978:
1226:(Albanian Publishing House). Prominent Albanian organizations were: "Vëllazëria Shqiptare" (Albanian Fraternity) founded on 1 My 1894 in
1000:. The infant king's reign lasted less than a year and on June 18, 1953, the revolutionaries abolished the monarchy and declared Egypt a
1345:
who reigned during 1936â1952, himself a descendant of Mehmed Ali Pasha. The presence of this Albanian community lasted in Egypt until
895:
3409:
2420:
3048:
2361:
3458:
1247:
In 1907, with the initiative of Mihal Turtulli, Jani Vruho, and Thanas Tashko, the Albanian community send a promemorium to the
3110:
2324:
1465:
3900:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
705:
1715:
910:, a territory under joint British and Egyptian rule rather than an integral part of Egypt. This was continually rejected by
3416:
2398:
3776:
3041:
2734:
2470:
581:
2135:
1263:
of 1909. Another prominent Albanian, Fan Noli, would settle shortly in Egypt. Vruho and Tashko convinced him to move to
3755:
3036:
2340:
749:
676:
660:
units. Several Albanians even rose to the office of governor, the most famous of which were Dukakinzade Mehmed Pasha,
2388:
2350:
2301:
2280:
2256:
2229:
2208:
2187:
2166:
2145:
2124:
2103:
2082:
2063:
1744:
1658:, p. 98. "Egypt also lays claim to some 18,000 Albanians, supposedly lingering remnants of Mohammad Ali's army."
1267:, and supported him financially. Another memorandum was signed with the initiative of Andon Zako and was sent to the
1179:("The Albanian Bee") and so on. Many others would come out for a shorter time: Milo Duçi would publish the magazines
1004:, ending a century and a half of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty's rule. Emerging victorious from a war-triangle (Ottomans,
3336:
1513:
3371:
3053:
3009:
2272:
BaĆlangıcından zamanımıza kadar bĂŒyĂŒk TĂŒrkiye tarihi: TĂŒrkiye'nin siyasĂź, medenĂź, kĂŒltĂŒr, teĆkilĂąt ve san'at tarihi
2053:
1091:
3910:
3448:
2617:
2601:
283:
619:
resulted in the Albanian community in Egypt largely abandoning the country and emigrating to Western countries.
3453:
3404:
3100:
2727:
989:
733:
665:
508:
503:
319:
288:
3115:
3105:
2627:
2413:
1289:
in Egypt, the famed "Magauri tekke" on the outskirts of Cairo, which was headed by Baba Ahmet Sirri Glina of
3166:
1032:
along with circa 17,000 men, many of them Albanians. Ali's dynasty would continue to rule Egypt until 1952.
2919:
2815:
2556:
2551:
1604:
1298:
1268:
1164:
186:
691:
Volunteer Contingent, would bring along his cousin, Muhammad (Mehmed) Ali, a young second rank commander.
3823:
3394:
3292:
3181:
2793:
2512:
1898:
1629:
953:
679:, the Ottoman Empire employed many Albanian personnel in defence of their province. Several of them were
616:
439:
395:
2114:
952:, and the country became a British Protectorate. With nationalist sentiment rising, as evidenced by the
837:
civil service. The island maintained this function until 1912, when it was annexed by Greece during the
3697:
3120:
2939:
2803:
2798:
2708:
1375:
1248:
253:
3272:
3095:
1549:
1207:(Albania) from October 1906 to February 1907, a daily of Cairo with the last two issues coming out in
3483:
3478:
3378:
3090:
3031:
1029:
981:
3171:
783:
Une Mission militaire française auprÚs de Mohamed Aly, correspondance des Généraux Belliard et Boyer
354:
3879:
3760:
3058:
2914:
2591:
2406:
2198:
834:
268:
113:
3346:
3341:
3331:
2270:
1391:
1305:, Princess Myzejen Zogolli, sister of King Zog I were some of the notables who were buried there.
717:
3680:
3675:
3361:
3231:
3206:
3201:
3083:
3073:
3068:
3063:
2884:
2690:
2546:
2450:
1902:
1200:
574:
555:
493:
325:
181:
888:
invaded and occupied the country, ostensibly to support Khedive Tewfik against his opponents in
3488:
3262:
3191:
3176:
2944:
2934:
2808:
1025:
1012:, presented the backbone of Ali's army and were known as elite and disciplined soldiers of the
945:
791:
498:
213:
2248:
652:, which denoted an acting governor who ruled over Egypt between the departure of the previous
3835:
3781:
3353:
2959:
2788:
2750:
2576:
2534:
2460:
2378:
2291:
1624:
1241:
1051:
798:
as he sought to replace the Ottoman Empire with his own. Ultimately, the intervention of the
687:, Muharrem Bey Vrioni, Rustem Aga Shkodrani and so on. Sarechesme Halil Agha, commanding the
600:
466:
400:
310:
218:
176:
3277:
2221:
Before They Were Belly Dancers: European Accounts of Female Entertainers in Egypt, 1760-1870
1251:, demanding support for the civic rights of the Albanian population under the oppression of
1151:
669:
3857:
3842:
3786:
3465:
3443:
3287:
2889:
2771:
2685:
2596:
2566:
2524:
2502:
2492:
2487:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2428:
1619:
1322:
1256:
1076:
907:
700:
513:
471:
350:
278:
248:
238:
233:
223:
166:
3252:
3211:
1203:) of 1905 which lasted for 6 issues and was printed by Al-Tawfik in Cairo, and newspapers
1131:
760:, or Governor of Egypt in 1805. Demonstrating his grander ambitions, he took the title of
724:
456:
8:
3852:
3803:
3560:
3307:
3267:
3257:
2776:
2653:
2586:
2571:
2561:
2541:
2507:
2497:
1775:
1599:
1594:
1260:
884:. Three years later, Egypt and Sudan's freedom became little more than symbolic when the
680:
461:
375:
273:
263:
243:
203:
191:
3600:
2293:
Ethnopolitics in Cyberspace: The Internet, Minority Nationalism, and the Web of Identity
3847:
3830:
3610:
3605:
3565:
3550:
3500:
3226:
3136:
3078:
2894:
2864:
2648:
2632:
2622:
2581:
2529:
1346:
1220:
997:
923:
858:
612:
604:
567:
550:
537:
258:
208:
3282:
3146:
3620:
3595:
3585:
3575:
3555:
3438:
3312:
3297:
2970:
2909:
2781:
2758:
2436:
2384:
2346:
2297:
2276:
2252:
2241:
2225:
2204:
2183:
2162:
2141:
2120:
2099:
2078:
2059:
1779:
1740:
1081:
965:
933:
684:
422:
390:
360:
101:
63:
3161:
3645:
3630:
3580:
3366:
3236:
3186:
3156:
3151:
3141:
2904:
2836:
1763:
1302:
1060:
1045:
Albanian guards performing the sword-dance in front of local audience and musicians
985:
927:
876:
838:
819:
661:
520:
444:
434:
330:
303:
140:
3791:
3702:
3692:
3650:
3615:
3590:
3538:
3515:
3470:
3221:
3216:
3196:
2929:
2924:
2899:
2480:
1609:
1399:
1334:
993:
961:
949:
405:
335:
67:
1358:. Baba Rexheb established the first Albanian-American Bektashi monastery in the
1123:
1075:
regions. With some exceptions, most of the figures were educated members of the
3813:
3685:
3640:
3635:
3543:
3302:
2954:
2841:
2766:
2517:
1280:
1252:
1231:
1155:
1103:
1097:
1013:
937:
885:
795:
633:
380:
345:
340:
85:
2030:
486:
3894:
2848:
1783:
1387:
1351:
1330:
1135:
1115:
765:
451:
429:
385:
2243:
Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world
3426:
1586:
1318:
1192:
1127:
881:
799:
657:
315:
1139:
129:
2949:
2874:
1363:
1342:
1326:
1276:
1143:
1085:
1017:
941:
889:
636:. The Ottomans appointed a regional governor in Cairo, with the title of
80:
2719:
2179:
All the Pasha's men: Mehmed Ali, his army and the making of modern Egypt
3495:
1408:
1338:
1294:
1272:
1119:
1111:
1068:
1056:
748:'s forces out of Egypt. Upon France's withdrawal however, Muhammad Ali
530:
365:
1072:
1024:(1820â24). The number of Albanian troops would diminish in 1823, when
3818:
3808:
3510:
3431:
3421:
3399:
2831:
1567:
An Albanian officer crossing the desert with Egyptian recruits, 1894.
1227:
1219:(The lightning) in 1912 in Cairo. In 1922, Duçi established also the
1035:
911:
872:
830:
753:
639:
595:
171:
121:
97:
1290:
906:
In defiance of the Egyptians, the British proclaimed Sudan to be an
2055:
Reinstating the Ottomans, Alternative Balkan Modernities: 1800â1912
1208:
1147:
1064:
1001:
803:
794:'s military strength did indeed threaten the very existence of the
745:
647:
608:
2879:
1359:
1285:
1009:
1005:
864:
761:
525:
153:
944:, and was promptly deposed by the British in favor of his uncle
868:
757:
3505:
1614:
1355:
849:
826:
807:
741:
711:
688:
370:
160:
1766:(2023). "Central Europe's Limits in the North and the South".
960:
Egyptian independence in 1922, and Hussein Kamel's successor,
2075:
Foundations of Modernity: Human Agency and the Imperial State
1459:
A Joke â An Albanian Blowing Smoke into his Dog's Nose, 1864.
1395:
1184:
815:
737:
1483:
An Albanian on his donkey crossing the desert, unknown date.
1403:
1236:
683:
with his brothers Hasan Pasha, Dalip, Isuf, and Abdul Bey,
1876:
1411:. The following is a selection of some of his paintings:
863:
Though Muhammad Ali and his descendants used the title of
785:(Cairo: SociĂ©tĂ© Royale de GĂ©ographie d'Ăgypte, 1923), p.50
1737:
A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present
806:, and henceforth, his dynasty's rule would be limited to
2247:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p.
2359:
1882:
1841:, 1925). He also wrote plays, especially âThe Sayingâ (
1264:
1224:
Shtëpia botonjëse shqiptare/Société Albanaise d'édition
871:, this was not recognized by the Porte until 1867 when
3000:
1717:
Shqiptarët e egjiptit dhe veprimtaria atdhetare e tyre
1402:
and the janissary troops settled on the banks of the
1255:. Thanas Tashko would represent the community in the
1110:
Nationalist figures and writers such as Thimi Mitko,
790:
At the height of his power, Muhammad Ali and his son
1576:
1321:
and afterwards, most of them doing so to escape the
988:, while administration of the country passed to the
2200:
Mehmed Ali: From Ottoman Governor to Ruler of Egypt
2116:
The War Chronicles: From Flintlocks to Machine Guns
1275:. Evangjel Avramushi established in 1940 the first
1191:(Pledge for a pledge) during 1904-05 together with
936:sided with the Ottoman Empire which had joined the
844:
2345:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
2240:
1325:established in November 1944. Names would include
1036:Albanian National Awakening and early 20th century
1028:, Ali's son, would join the Ottoman armies in the
2182:. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.
1932:
3892:
1845:, 1922) and âThe Bey's Sonâ (1923), and a novel
1317:A few Albanians kept coming to Egypt throughout
1161:Society for the Publication of Albanian Writings
1722:Albanians of Egypt and their patriotic activity
2380:Egyptian society under Ottoman rule, 1517-1798
1976:
1974:
1949:
1947:
1797:
1795:
1793:
732:Muhammad Ali was an Albanian commander in the
35:
2986:
2735:
2414:
575:
1908:
1888:
1713:
1651:
1649:
1423:Egyptian Recruits Crossing the Desert, 1857.
1369:
1362:suburb of Taylor. With the rise in power of
29:
1971:
1944:
1825:) and Andon Zako Ăajupi (1866-1930) in his
1790:
1758:
1756:
1739:. Cambridge University Press. p. 217.
1734:
1293:. The tekke would be visited frequently by
1063:. The economical prosperity attracted many
802:prevented Egyptian forces from marching on
3756:Ottoman – Albanian nobility
2993:
2979:
2742:
2728:
2421:
2407:
2362:"International Journal of Turkish Studies"
1864:
1678:
1676:
764:; however, this was not sanctioned by the
728:Egypt and Sudan under Muhammad Ali Dynasty
582:
568:
3410:Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars
2749:
2310:
1938:
1920:
1762:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1646:
736:army (His father, Ibrahim Agha, was from
2366:International Journal of Turkish Studies
2289:
2091:
2010:
1986:
1959:
1870:
1753:
1655:
1350:Most of the Bektashi community moved to
1090:
1039:
917:
894:
848:
829:â which was given in 1813 by the Sultan
723:
704:
632:In 1517, Egypt became a province of the
2137:Encyclopedia of Muslim-American History
2112:
1998:
1926:
1852:
1673:
1661:
1082:"Vëllazëria e Parë" (First Brotherhood)
3893:
2376:
2268:
2238:
2217:
2133:
2016:
1858:
1801:
1688:
1682:
1667:
1279:in Egypt, named "AHRAM". The Albanian
1059:), modernization, and opportunity for
752:himself and forced the Ottoman Sultan
2974:
2723:
2402:
2196:
2175:
2154:
2072:
2051:
1992:
1980:
1965:
1953:
1914:
1894:
1067:from the Albanian lands, mainly from
603:, an Albanian, would later found the
2338:
2004:
1724:] (in Albanian), Gazeta Metropol
1507:An Albanian with Two Whippets, 1867.
3906:Egyptian people of Albanian descent
2203:. New York: Oneworld Publications.
1833:), and by his Albanian newspapers (
1435:Albanian guards playing dice, 1859.
1374:For a more comprehensive list, see
1329:, a Bektashi monk, former minister
1126:, Anastas Avramidhi, Thoma Kreini,
694:
30:
13:
3001:Albanians under the Ottoman Empire
2092:Carstens, Patrick Richard (2014).
1259:of 1908, while Loni Logori in the
677:French campaign in Egypt and Syria
14:
3922:
2140:. New York: Infobase Publishing.
2028:
1312:
1249:Second Hague Conference for Peace
875:officially sanctioned its use by
644:. They also created the title of
3875:
3874:
2858:Minorities and Foreign nationals
2704:
2703:
2430:
2360:University of Wisconsin (2002).
2239:Norris, Harry Thirlwall (1993).
2158:Historical Dictionary of Albania
2058:. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
1579:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1301:, Princess Zeynepe, daughter of
1130:, Thanas Tashko, Stefan Zurani,
1020:in Arabia (1811â18) and in the
1018:war against the Wahhabi movement
845:Khedivate and British occupation
128:
2342:The Sufi Journey of Baba Rexheb
2022:
1817:), Spiro Dine (d. 1922) in his
1543:An Albanian Bashi-Bazouk, 1896.
1495:An Albanian with his Dog, 1865.
2031:"Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme (1824-1904)"
1728:
1447:Albanian Guard in Cairo, 1861.
1269:Paris Peace Conference in 1919
975:
902:by Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme, ca. 1870.
666:Abdurrahman Abdi Arnavut Pasha
627:
509:Albanian Greek-Catholic Church
1:
3106:Massacre of the Albanian Beys
2275:. Istanbul: ĂtĂŒken Yayınevi.
1635:
50:
3901:Albanian diaspora by country
2290:Saunders, Robert A. (2011).
2218:Fraser, Kathleen W. (2014).
1883:University of Wisconsin 2002
1640:
1605:Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
1555:Bashi-Bazouk Chieftain, 1881
1299:Prince Kamal el Dine Hussein
867:in preference to the lesser
744:) who was supposed to drive
740:, Albania, who had moved to
7:
3417:Declaration of Independence
2513:Albanians of Western Thrace
2296:. Lanham: Lexington Books.
2161:. Lanham: Scarecrow Press.
1714:Uran Asllani (2006-06-05),
1572:
1531:Bashi-Bazouk Singing, 1868.
1471:Prayer in the Desert, 1864.
1337:, and even the former King
1323:Communist regime in Albania
814:Muhammad Ali had conquered
617:Egyptian Revolution of 1952
10:
3927:
2134:Curtis, Edward E. (2010).
2098:. Victoria: FriesenPress.
2044:
1837:, 1900, known in Egypt as
1774:. Slavic Research Center,
1519:An Albanian Smoking, 1868.
1376:List of Albanians in Egypt
1373:
1047:by Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme, 1885.
921:
908:Anglo-Egyptian Condominium
856:
710:Prayer in the house of an
698:
622:
601:Mehmet Ali or Muhammad Ali
3870:
3769:
3711:
3668:
3661:
3528:
3387:
3321:
3245:
3129:
3121:Mustafa Pasha's Rebellion
3024:
3017:
3006:
2857:
2824:
2757:
2699:
2678:
2662:
2641:
2610:
2443:
2311:Skoulidas, Elias (2013).
1394:(1824â1904) journeyed to
1381:
1370:Famous Albanians of Egypt
1030:Greek War of Independence
950:Sultan of Egypt and Sudan
615:, as well as the greater
141:Geographical distribution
96:
91:
78:
73:
62:
57:
49:
44:
27:
3372:1912 – 13
3367:1478 – 79
3347:1477 – 78
3337:1466 – 67
3059:1843 – 44
3054:1432 – 36
2377:Winter, Michael (2004).
2263:Albanians Arnaout Syria.
2224:. Jefferson: McFarland.
2113:Cummins, Joseph (2009).
900:Albanian Patrol in Cairo
2383:. New York: Routledge.
2269:Ăztuna, Yılmaz (1979).
2119:. Beverly: Fair Winds.
2077:. New York: Routledge.
1941:. para. 15, 22, 25, 28.
1630:AlbaniaâEgypt relations
556:Origin of the Albanians
3911:Ethnic groups in Egypt
3777:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3032:Skanderbeg's rebellion
2339:Trix, Frances (2009).
2197:Fahmy, Khaled (2012).
2176:Fahmy, Khaled (2002).
2155:Elsie, Robert (2010).
1283:community had its own
1277:cinematographic studio
1107:
1048:
990:Free Officers Movement
903:
854:
788:
729:
721:
36:
3096:Ali Pasha's Rebellion
3091:AlbanianâVenetian War
2751:Demographics of Egypt
1768:Acta Slavica Iaponica
1625:Muhammad Ali of Egypt
1242:Khedivial Opera House
1094:
1043:
1022:conquest of the Sudan
982:1948 ArabâIsraeli War
922:Further information:
918:Sultanate and Kingdom
898:
857:Further information:
852:
774:
727:
708:
675:During and after the
599:troops in 1798â1801.
504:Italo-Albanian Church
320:Traditional tattooing
92:Related ethnic groups
79:Predominantly :
37:Shqiptarët e Egjiptit
16:Ethnic group in Egypt
3466:Partition of Albania
3395:Albanian Renaissance
3111:Mehmed II's campaign
1735:Baten, Jörg (2016).
1620:Muhammad Ali dynasty
1257:Congress of Manastir
1177:Belietta Sskiypetare
968:were "King of Egypt
781:Georges Douin, ed.,
756:to recognize him as
701:Muhammad Ali dynasty
3101:Ballaban's campaign
3042:Macedonian campaign
2073:Blumi, Isa (2012).
2052:Blumi, Isa (2011).
1983:, pp. 131â132.
1956:, pp. 125â126.
1776:Hokkaido University
1600:Albanians in Turkey
1595:Albanians in Greece
1261:Congress of Elbasan
1175:("The lightning"),
958:formally recognized
24:
3037:Italian expedition
1347:Gamal Abdel Nasser
1221:publishing company
1187:) during 1901â02,
1152:Aleksandër Xhuvani
1108:
1049:
998:Gamal Abdel Nasser
954:revolution of 1919
924:Sultanate of Egypt
904:
859:Khedivate of Egypt
855:
730:
722:
681:Tahir Pasha Pojani
670:Mere HĂŒseyin Pasha
613:Muslim Brotherhood
605:Khedivate of Egypt
551:History of Albania
23:Albanians in Egypt
22:
3888:
3887:
3866:
3865:
3524:
3523:
2968:
2967:
2842:Coptic Christians
2794:Oriental Orthodox
2717:
2716:
2437:Albanian diaspora
1764:Kamusella, Tomasz
1211:, and the weekly
1132:Andon Zako Ăajupi
932:In 1914, Khedive
685:Omer Pasha Vrioni
592:
591:
423:Albanian language
355:Kùngë Kreshnikësh
107:
106:
102:Albanian diaspora
3918:
3878:
3877:
3666:
3665:
3049:Albanian revolts
3022:
3021:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2799:Eastern Orthodox
2744:
2737:
2730:
2721:
2720:
2707:
2706:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2373:
2356:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2323:. Archived from
2307:
2286:
2265:
2246:
2235:
2214:
2193:
2172:
2151:
2130:
2109:
2088:
2069:
2039:
2038:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1862:
1856:
1850:
1831:Villazëria/Ikhwa
1819:Waves of the Sea
1815:Bleta Shqypëtare
1811:The Albanian Bee
1799:
1788:
1787:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1732:
1726:
1725:
1711:
1686:
1680:
1671:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1564:
1552:
1540:
1528:
1516:
1504:
1492:
1480:
1468:
1456:
1444:
1432:
1420:
1392:Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme
1061:entrepreneurship
928:Kingdom of Egypt
873:Sultan Abdulaziz
839:First Balkan War
812:Sinai Peninsula.
786:
718:Jean-LĂ©on GĂ©rĂŽme
695:Muhammad Ali Era
662:Koca Sinan Pasha
584:
577:
570:
304:Albanian culture
132:
109:
108:
84:Minority :
52:
45:Total population
39:
33:
32:
25:
21:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3862:
3765:
3707:
3657:
3520:
3516:Vithkuqi script
3501:Skanderbeg myth
3475:Principalities
3459:North Macedonia
3383:
3317:
3241:
3125:
3013:
3002:
2999:
2969:
2964:
2853:
2820:
2753:
2748:
2718:
2713:
2695:
2674:
2658:
2637:
2606:
2557:North Macedonia
2439:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2397:
2391:
2353:
2330:
2328:
2304:
2283:
2259:
2232:
2211:
2190:
2169:
2148:
2127:
2106:
2085:
2066:
2047:
2042:
2035:albanianart.net
2029:Elsie, Robert.
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1960:
1952:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1909:
1893:
1889:
1881:
1877:
1869:
1865:
1857:
1853:
1806:BaktÄshi tekkes
1800:
1791:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1733:
1729:
1712:
1689:
1681:
1674:
1666:
1662:
1654:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1610:Ottoman Albania
1585:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1568:
1565:
1556:
1553:
1544:
1541:
1532:
1529:
1520:
1517:
1508:
1505:
1496:
1493:
1484:
1481:
1472:
1469:
1460:
1457:
1448:
1445:
1436:
1433:
1424:
1421:
1384:
1379:
1372:
1335:Branko Merxhani
1315:
1171:("The stick"),
1084:and was led by
1038:
994:Muhammad Naguib
978:
930:
920:
861:
853:Khedive Isma'il
847:
787:
780:
703:
697:
630:
625:
588:
543:
542:
490:
489:
478:
426:
425:
414:
307:
306:
295:
187:North Macedonia
144:
143:
83:
68:Egyptian Arabic
40:
34:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3924:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3824:Western Thrace
3821:
3816:
3811:
3801:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3784:
3779:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3678:
3672:
3670:
3663:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3570:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3441:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3028:
3026:
3019:
3015:
3014:
3007:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2747:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2724:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2602:United Kingdom
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2527:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2426:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2403:
2396:
2395:
2389:
2374:
2357:
2351:
2336:
2308:
2302:
2287:
2281:
2266:
2257:
2236:
2230:
2215:
2209:
2194:
2188:
2173:
2167:
2152:
2146:
2131:
2125:
2110:
2104:
2089:
2083:
2070:
2064:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2021:
2009:
2007:, p. 107.
1997:
1995:, p. 205.
1985:
1970:
1968:, p. 111.
1958:
1943:
1939:Skoulidas 2013
1931:
1919:
1907:
1887:
1885:, p. 130.
1875:
1873:, p. 753.
1863:
1851:
1847:Midis dy grash
1789:
1752:
1745:
1727:
1687:
1672:
1660:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1415:
1383:
1380:
1371:
1368:
1314:
1313:Discrimination
1311:
1253:Abdul Hamid II
1232:Giuseppe Verdi
1165:Shibin Al Kawm
1156:Gaqo Adhamidhi
1104:Charles Bargue
1037:
1034:
1014:Ottoman Empire
977:
974:
938:Central Powers
919:
916:
886:United Kingdom
846:
843:
825:The island of
804:Constantinople
796:Ottoman Empire
778:
699:Main article:
696:
693:
634:Ottoman Empire
629:
626:
624:
621:
590:
589:
587:
586:
579:
572:
564:
561:
560:
559:
558:
553:
545:
544:
541:
540:
535:
534:
533:
528:
518:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
485:
484:
483:
480:
479:
477:
476:
475:
474:
469:
464:
459:
449:
448:
447:
442:
437:
421:
420:
419:
416:
415:
413:
412:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
313:
302:
301:
300:
297:
296:
294:
293:
292:
291:
286:
284:United Kingdom
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
196:
195:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
157:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
125:
124:
118:
117:
105:
104:
94:
93:
89:
88:
86:Bektashi Order
76:
75:
71:
70:
60:
59:
55:
54:
47:
46:
42:
41:
31:ۧÙŰŁÙŰšŰ§Ù ÙÙ Ù
۔۱
28:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3923:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3881:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3751:Grand Viziers
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3660:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
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2352:9781934536544
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2327:on 2019-09-23
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2258:9780872499775
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2210:9781780742113
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2189:9789774246968
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2168:9780810873803
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2147:9781438130408
2143:
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2126:9781616734046
2122:
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2105:9781460248980
2101:
2097:
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2084:9780415884648
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2065:9780230119086
2061:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2036:
2032:
2025:
2019:, p. 83.
2018:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1994:
1989:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1967:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1948:
1940:
1935:
1929:, p. 60.
1928:
1923:
1917:, p. 30.
1916:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1871:Carstens 2014
1867:
1861:, p. 92.
1860:
1855:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1823:Valët e detit
1820:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1796:
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1777:
1773:
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1757:
1748:
1746:9781107507180
1742:
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1719:
1718:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1685:, p. 51.
1684:
1679:
1677:
1670:, p. 35.
1669:
1664:
1657:
1656:Saunders 2011
1652:
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1386:In 1856, the
1377:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:Mirash Ivanaj
1328:
1324:
1320:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1303:Isma'il Pasha
1300:
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1136:Mihal Zallari
1133:
1129:
1125:
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1116:Filip Shiroka
1113:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1096:The Albanian
1093:
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1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
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1046:
1042:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:Ibrahim Pasha
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
973:
971:
967:
966:King Farouk I
963:
962:Sultan Fuad I
959:
955:
951:
947:
946:Hussein Kamel
943:
939:
935:
929:
925:
915:
913:
909:
901:
897:
893:
891:
887:
883:
878:
877:Isma'il Pasha
874:
870:
866:
860:
851:
842:
840:
836:
832:
828:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
792:Ibrahim Pasha
784:
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773:
769:
767:
766:Sublime Porte
763:
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336:Customary law
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289:United States
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61:
56:
48:
43:
38:
26:
3798:
3746:20th century
3741:19th century
3736:18th century
3731:17th century
3726:16th century
3721:15th century
3681:Islamization
3439:Mësonjëtorja
3427:Bashi-Bazouk
3388:Other events
3116:Morea revolt
3008:
2960:Palestinians
2869:
2789:Christianity
2669:
2379:
2369:
2365:
2341:
2329:. Retrieved
2325:the original
2320:
2316:
2292:
2271:
2262:
2242:
2220:
2199:
2178:
2157:
2136:
2115:
2094:
2074:
2054:
2034:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1961:
1934:
1927:Cummins 2009
1922:
1910:
1890:
1878:
1866:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:Baba Tomorri
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1771:
1767:
1736:
1730:
1721:
1716:
1663:
1587:Egypt portal
1385:
1319:World War II
1316:
1307:
1284:
1246:
1235:
1223:
1216:
1212:
1204:
1196:
1193:Thoma Avrami
1188:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1128:Thoma Avrami
1124:Nikolla Naço
1109:
1095:
1052:Muhammad Ali
1050:
1044:
986:King Fuad II
979:
969:
931:
905:
899:
862:
824:
800:Great Powers
789:
782:
775:
770:
750:seized power
731:
709:
674:
658:bashi-bazouk
653:
645:
637:
631:
593:
494:Christianity
407:
371:Gjamë/Vajtim
311:Architecture
228:
198:
159:
152:
147:
19:Ethnic group
3770:Communities
3444:Nationalism
3405:Balkan Wars
3293:Manastir II
2890:Circassians
2825:Main groups
2804:Catholicism
2691:New Zealand
2592:Switzerland
2552:Netherlands
2017:Curtis 2010
1859:Fraser 2014
1802:Norris 1993
1683:Ăztuna 1979
1668:Winter 2004
1409:fustanellas
1364:Anwar Sadat
1343:King Farouk
1327:Baba Rexheb
1144:Loni Logori
1086:Thimi Mitko
976:Dissolution
942:World War I
890:Ahmed Orabi
628:Ottoman Era
499:Catholicism
351:Epic poetry
269:Switzerland
81:Sunni Islam
3895:Categories
3686:Bektashism
3496:Rum Millet
3288:Manastir I
3010:Background
2809:Protestant
2547:Montenegro
2331:2014-12-26
1993:Blumi 2011
1981:Blumi 2012
1966:Elsie 2010
1954:Elsie 2010
1915:Fahmy 2012
1897:, p.
1895:Fahmy 2002
1839:al-Aáž„ÄdÄ«th
1778:: 83â112.
1636:References
1339:Ahmet Zogu
1295:King Faruk
1273:King Zog I
1217:Shkreptima
1120:Jani Vruho
1112:Spiro Dine
1057:Suez Canal
956:, Britain
810:, and the
531:Bektashism
462:Arvanitika
440:Upper Reka
401:Traditions
376:Literature
366:Gjakmarrje
182:Montenegro
3836:Arbëreshë
3819:Souliotes
3809:Arvanites
3627:Vilayets
3551:Pashaliks
3529:Geography
3511:Stratioti
3484:Kastrioti
3479:Dukagjini
3432:Devshirme
3422:Janissary
3400:Armatoles
3379:Svetigrad
3207:Oranik II
3167:MartiniÄi
3025:Rebellion
2895:Filipinos
2870:Albanians
2865:Armenians
2832:Egyptians
2759:Religions
2686:Australia
2618:Argentina
2535:Arbëreshë
2005:Trix 2009
1784:0288-3503
1641:Citations
1244:in 1871.
1234:'s opera
1228:Beni-Suef
1213:Bisedimet
1205:Shqipëria
1189:Besa-Besë
1140:Milo Duçi
912:Egyptians
831:Mahmud II
820:Isma'il I
754:Mahmud II
654:beylerbey
640:beylerbey
514:Orthodoxy
408:farefisnĂ
214:Australia
122:Albanians
98:Albanians
58:Languages
3880:Category
3792:Arbanasi
3782:Bulgaria
3698:Nobility
3646:Manastir
3611:Monastir
3606:Ioannina
3572:Sanjaks
3539:Ioannina
3535:Eyalets
3358:Shkodër
3263:Dukagjin
3227:Torvioll
3202:Oranik I
3182:Mokra II
3137:Albulena
2940:Sudanese
2925:Magyarab
2915:Japanese
2910:Italians
2782:Ismailis
2709:Category
2611:Americas
2577:Slovenia
2481:Arbanasi
2461:Bulgaria
1573:See also
1390:painter
1281:Bektashi
1209:Maghagha
1148:Fan Noli
1100:in Cairo
1098:Sentinel
1077:Orthodox
1002:republic
972:Sudan".
934:Abbas II
835:Egyptian
779:â
746:Napoleon
648:kaymakam
609:fedayeen
596:Albanian
487:Religion
457:Arbëresh
435:Arbanasi
406:Tribes (
391:Paganism
361:Folklore
219:Bulgaria
199:Diaspora
114:a series
112:Part of
74:Religion
64:Albanian
3858:Ukraine
3843:Romania
3787:Croatia
3669:Culture
3662:Society
3651:Scutari
3631:Albania
3621:Scutari
3596:Elbasan
3586:Delvina
3576:Albania
3561:Scutari
3544:Rumelia
3449:Albania
3313:Prizren
3308:Preveza
3273:Frashër
3268:Elbasan
3212:Otonetë
3192:NovĆĄiÄe
3177:Mokra I
3130:Battles
3018:History
2920:Koreans
2905:Indians
2885:Chinese
2880:Bedouin
2849:Nubians
2837:Sa'idis
2816:Judaism
2679:Oceania
2597:Ukraine
2567:Romania
2525:Hungary
2503:Germany
2493:Finland
2488:Denmark
2476:Croatia
2466:Belgium
2456:Austria
2451:Albania
2045:Sources
1843:E Thëna
1835:al-âAhd
1360:Detroit
1173:Rrufeja
1106:, 1877.
1073:Kolonjë
1065:traders
1010:Arnauts
1006:Mamluks
940:in the
865:Khedive
762:Khedive
734:Ottoman
720:, 1857.
623:History
538:Judaism
526:Sunnism
445:Istrian
396:Symbols
331:Cuisine
279:Ukraine
249:Romania
239:Germany
234:Finland
224:Denmark
167:Croatia
154:Albania
3853:Turkey
3804:Greece
3761:Pashas
3713:People
3703:Tribes
3641:Kosovo
3636:Janina
3601:Görice
3581:Avlona
3566:Yanina
3506:Spahiu
3489:Muzaka
3471:Piracy
3454:Kosovo
3328:Krujë
3322:Sieges
3237:Vaikal
3232:Ulcinj
3187:Murino
3157:Lopate
3152:Kosovo
3142:Ankara
2955:Turkic
2950:Siwis
2930:Malays
2900:Greeks
2663:Africa
2654:Turkey
2623:Canada
2587:Sweden
2572:Serbia
2562:Norway
2542:Kosovo
2508:Greece
2498:France
2471:Bosnia
2444:Europe
2387:
2372:(1/2).
2349:
2317:Hronos
2300:
2279:
2255:
2228:
2207:
2186:
2165:
2144:
2123:
2102:
2081:
2062:
1782:
1743:
1615:Sufism
1400:guards
1388:French
1382:In art
1356:Canada
1291:PĂ«rmet
1169:Shkopi
992:under
882:Tewfik
827:Thasos
808:Africa
742:Kavala
712:Arnaut
689:Kavala
668:, and
274:Turkey
264:Sweden
244:Norway
204:Greece
192:Serbia
172:Greece
161:Kosovo
148:Native
53:18,000
3848:Syria
3831:Italy
3799:Egypt
3693:Kanun
3616:Ohrid
3591:Dibra
3556:Berat
3354:Berat
3283:Lezhë
3258:Dibra
3253:Dibër
3222:Savra
3217:Polog
3197:Ohrid
3172:Meçad
3147:Deçiq
2772:Sunni
2767:Islam
2670:Egypt
2649:Syria
2628:Chile
2582:Spain
2530:Italy
1720:[
1396:Egypt
1286:tekke
1183:(The
1181:Toska
1069:Korçë
816:Sudan
738:Korca
716:, by
714:chief
521:Islam
381:Music
346:Dress
341:Dance
259:Spain
229:Egypt
209:Italy
177:Italy
3814:Cham
3676:Besa
3362:1474
3342:1467
3332:1450
3303:Peja
3278:Kuçi
3162:Lumë
3084:1912
3079:1911
3074:1910
3069:1847
3064:1845
2875:Beja
2777:Shia
2642:Asia
2518:Cham
2385:ISBN
2347:ISBN
2298:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2253:ISBN
2226:ISBN
2205:ISBN
2184:ISBN
2163:ISBN
2142:ISBN
2121:ISBN
2100:ISBN
2079:ISBN
2060:ISBN
1780:ISSN
1741:ISBN
1404:Nile
1352:U.S.
1237:Aida
1201:Besa
1197:Besa
1185:Tosk
1071:and
996:and
926:and
869:WÄli
758:WÄli
594:The
467:Cham
452:Tosk
430:Gheg
326:Besa
3298:Mat
2249:249
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1163:in
1102:by
970:and
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1265:US
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