979:
1137:
958:
1043:
1155:
1031:
989:
1629:
948:
233:
1128:
217:
1118:
1107:
47:
937:
926:
844:
160:
5656:
1097:
1017:
4429:
1087:
1076:
911:
528:
1186:
1174:
1055:
1007:
2235:
nor the pro-Syrian LNSF alliances in the mid-1980s, and consequently the political influence of the INM/al-Murabitoun had waned significantly. The
Movement initially waged its own guerrilla war at the Beirut area against Israeli forces, but later fought in a more conventional fashion at the 1983–84
2088:
broke out in April 1975, as a member of the LNM the INM/Al-Mourabitoun was an active founder of its military wing, the Joint Forces (LNM-JF). The movement claimed that was the first amongst the
Lebanese "progressive" militias during the war, and by 1977 it was the largest organization within the
2171:
Towards the end of the 1970s heavy casualties and their involvement in atrocities against non-Muslims caused the number of militants from other sects in the ranks to drop sharply, a situation further aggrieved by internal splits that occurred at the early 1980s. This led a significant number of
2180:
and the activist Samir
Sabbagh – to leave the INM leadership board to set up their own organizations, and thereby the Movement became an exclusively Sunni Muslim force. Relations with its Lebanese coalition partners were also strained to the point of the al-Mourabitoun battling rival Nasserite
644:
Initially, the
Movement of Independent Nasserists was the name of the political organization, whilst "al-Murabitoun" designated their militia forces. However, this distinction between political and military wings became blurred over time (and the militia has been subsequently abolished), "the
1272:. Since its foundation the militia quickly attained a 'regular' outlook, attested by the high discipline and organization of its 3,000 uniformed militiamen into conventional branches of Armor, Infantry and Artillery, backed by Medical, Signals and Military Police support units. Whilst
1242:
placed under the command of
Kulaylat himself. Headquartered at the Tarik al-Jadida quarter of the Corniche El-Mazraa commercial district in West Beirut, the INM/al-Mourabitoun in the early 1980s numbered some 1,000 regular fighters and 2,000 reservists secretly trained by the
2355:
After a long period of inactivity throughout the 1990s, the INM finally returned to the spotlight in April 2001, when they announced in a press conference held in Beirut their official comeback to
Lebanese domestic politics. In 2006 it re-opened offices in Beirut, the North
696:
Despite experiencing a temporary decline in the years immediately after the 1958 crisis, the INM remained an active force in
Lebanese politics throughout the 1960s and 1970s. At the beginning of the 1970s, the Movement re-emerged as a major political faction within the
2323:. Eventually, the al-Murabitoun was crushed after a week of brutal fighting, and ceased to exist as a significant fighting force. Following its defeat, the movement lost many of its Shia foot-soldiers and members, becoming an almost exclusively
2282:
This alliance was short-lived, however, and in March 1985, the Druze PSP/PLA attacked and seized the Al-Mourabitoun facilities in West Beirut, including their Party' Headquarters and their radio and television studios. When the
1976:
Stubborn and determined fighters, adept at employing guerrilla tactics in urban areas, the INM/al-Mourabitoun operated mainly within West Beirut, controlling by the mid-1980s the important
Mahallat Abu Shaker,
3768:
2330:
Deprived from its own military wing, the weakened INM went underground again for the remainder of the war and gradually withered away, forcing
Ibrahim Kulaylat to flee the Country in 1986 to seek asylum in
717:(LNM). Consistent with its Pan-Arab ideals, the radical INM was a staunch advocate of the Palestinian cause in Lebanon since the late 1960s, cultivating close political and military ties with the
2049:
1952:
and direct fire supporting roles. In addition to AA guns and autocannons, the INM/Al-Murabitoun received either from Syria or the PLO a number of man-portable, shoulder-launched Soviet
2381:
973:
761:
political and economic system. The INM presented itself as being pragmatic in ideological terms however, and that its doctrine was based upon a fusion between materialist
1829:
Their armored corps was later expanded in
October 1982 following the departure of PLO regular forces from West Beirut. INM militia forces were able to salvage a number of
781:
Although the INM claimed to be a secular, non-sectarian movement, its membership has always been overwhelmingly Muslim, being perceived within Lebanon as a predominantly
4351:
1986:
5725:
2182:
2164:, but gradually came to terms with it – and the slow decline of the Movement's political role at the beginning of the 1980s, caused their influence within the
1873:
earlier in September 1982, though it remains unclear if this particular vehicle was taken into their service or was simply returned to its previous owners.
4417:
2157:
4612:
2217:
470:
5415:
2231:
Ibrahim Kulaylat emerged from the wreck of the LNM and the Palestinian withdrawal as the dominant Sunni leader, though he opted not to join the LNRF/
2002:
1265:
2780:
2116:
in March 1976. They also took part on January 20 of that same year in the violent (and controversial) sieges of the Christian towns of Es-Saadiyat,
4724:
4718:
4395:
4058:
5715:
4742:
1347:
3970:
Identités et solidarités croisées dans les conflits du Liban contemporain; Chapitre 12: L'économie politique des milices: le phénomène mafieux
3625:
Identités et solidarités croisées dans les conflits du Liban contemporain; Chapitre 12: L'économie politique des milices: le phénomène mafieux
5445:
4892:
4730:
4390:
3162:
2386:
2253:
1252:
1238:), started with just 150–200 poorly armed militants, but it subsequently grew to 3,000–5,000 men and women drawn from the Muslim quarters of
713:(LCP). In 1969 the INM became a member of the "Front for Progressive Parties and National Forces" (FPPNF), later reorganized in 1972 as the
566:
344:
4594:
4496:
3748:
416:
411:
5695:
4748:
1799:
1819:
1815:
1807:
1758:
1754:
5400:
4828:
3455:
2304:
2190:
2096:, the al-Mourabitoun militia forces were heavily committed in several battles and suffered considerable casualties, especially at the
5690:
5395:
4215:
2406:
816:, although other unconfirmed sources present the remaining 40% as Christians. Geographically, the movement had its epicentre in the
5525:
5455:
5420:
4410:
2487:
2292:
1010:
4057:, American University of Beirut, Institute of Financial Economics, Lecture and Working Paper Series (2003 No.3), pp. 1–53. –
1370:(ISF) police stations. Additional weaponry, vehicles and other, non-lethal military equipments were procured in the international
5710:
5680:
5385:
508:
4897:
3876:
490:
486:
539:
5720:
4257:
4243:
4170:
4156:
4071:
4048:
3922:
3889:
2411:
2228:, and another in West Beirut, close to the HQ of the INM/al-Mourabitoun. Some sixty people were killed and hundreds wounded.
1144:
965:
952:
5023:
2335:. Some remnants of the Al-Mourabitoun, however, remained at large in West Beirut, waging a fierce guerrilla war against the
5705:
5685:
5063:
4433:
4201:
4011:
2316:
450:
187:
1465:
5700:
5435:
5380:
4403:
2734:
1894:
1855:
1670:
406:
5375:
4304:
4127:
3999:, Aberdeen, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Technical Memorandum 11-79, June 1979.
3990:
3903:
2296:
2021:
was briefly held by the INM since November 1975, until being forced out by the Christian militias on January 18, 1976.
1886:
1024:
919:
298:
5517:
5440:
4271:
4229:
4187:
4174:
4142:
4113:
4031:
3960:
3946:
1882:
1742:
1706:
1244:
930:
718:
559:
4425:
5305:
5297:
4961:
4677:
1898:
1746:
750:
4671:
4490:
4441:
3821:
3784:
2663:
2600:
2572:
2542:
2518:
2048:), their broadcasting facilities being allocated at the Mahallat Abu Shaker Party headquarters' offices near the
1913:
796:, but this did not prevent them of attracting followers from other sects. Indeed, a 1987 report used by the U.S.
311:
17:
5043:
2024:
Like other Lebanese factions, the INM operated its own media services. A radio station was set up in 1975, the "
5465:
5227:
4821:
4771:
4624:
3753:
The Commission of Inquiry into events at the refugee camps in Beirut 1983 FINAL REPORT (Authorized translation)
2451:
2446:
2421:
2257:
2149:
2093:
2010:
1941:
1656:
1504:
982:
440:
435:
430:
2339:
until February 1987, only to be brutally suppressed in the 1987–88 anti-militia sweeps carried out jointly by
2005:
waterfront sector of the Lebanese capital, which were used primarily for arms-smuggling in collusion with the
2300:
2264:
1131:
283:
5033:
5013:
4993:
4385:
4376:
1358:
Most of the INM/Al-Mourabitoun's own weapons and equipment were provided by the PLO, Libya, Egypt, Iraq and
331:
5410:
5370:
5360:
4909:
4364:
1890:
552:
463:
113:
4926:
2287:
broke out in April that year at West Beirut, it saw the Al-Mourabitoun allied with the PLO, the Nasserite
272:
5535:
5365:
5355:
4765:
4528:
4314:, Trucks & Tanks Magazine No. 41, January–February 2014, Caraktère, Aix-en-Provence, pp. 78–81.
2426:
1140:
961:
702:
316:
4280:, Trucks & Tracks Magazine No. 5, December 2007–January 2008, Caraktère, Marseille, pp. 48–67.
5506:
5499:
5430:
5109:
4871:
2431:
2401:
2288:
2205:
1640:
1536:
941:
915:
879:
714:
21:
3875:, area handbook series, Headquarters, Department of the Army (DA Pam 550-24), Washington D.C. 1989. -
645:
Sentinels", but also meaning "Guardians" or "Saviours" – carries historical Islamic connotations (see
5659:
5460:
5350:
5247:
4936:
4914:
4814:
4478:
2340:
2268:
2249:
2204:
attacks until the end of the siege in September of that year. The 1982 Israeli Judicial inquiry into
2129:
1791:
1784:
1734:
1730:
1663:
1647:
Created in February 1976, the Al-Mourabitoun's early armored corps initially fielded two obsolescent
1281:
1122:
809:
379:
294:
2168:
to wane, losing in the end its final base of support amongst the political and intellectual elites.
785:
organization. During the Movement's resurgence in the early 1970s, it drew its support largely from
769:
theories. In 1979, leading party cadre Samir Sabbagh described the INM as particularly close to the
4968:
4712:
2396:
2344:
2101:
1909:
1690:
1367:
1159:
1091:
993:
770:
710:
498:
3158:
5621:
5540:
5325:
4777:
4683:
4576:
4472:
1472:
1285:
753:-dominated political order in Lebanon, the political goals of al-Murabitoun were to preserve the
369:
261:
256:
249:
4319:
4285:
4094:
2200:, they helped the PLO in the defense of the southwestern outskirts of the Lebanese Capital from
5048:
4736:
2324:
2173:
2165:
2133:
1836:
1674:
1508:
1496:
1277:
817:
805:
793:
782:
698:
666:
593:
513:
4236:
Lebanese Civil War Volume 1: Palestinian diaspora, Syrian and Israeli interventions, 1970-1978
4035:
3964:
3930:
3292:
Lebanese Civil War Volume 1: Palestinian diaspora, Syrian and Israeli interventions, 1970-1978
3243:
Lebanese Civil War Volume 1: Palestinian diaspora, Syrian and Israeli interventions, 1970-1978
5606:
5340:
5335:
5212:
5192:
5003:
4973:
4697:
4630:
4557:
2261:
2201:
1949:
1870:
1602:
1598:
1559:
1363:
1080:
978:
690:
338:
3459:
5641:
5611:
5571:
5566:
5470:
5345:
5182:
4089:, RAIDS magazine No. 100, September 1994 special issue, Histoire & Collections, Paris.
2097:
1606:
1594:
1590:
1552:
1441:
1429:
1284:
Muslims filled the rank-and-file, its officer corps was staffed mostly by Sunnis and a few
1100:
392:
374:
279:
192:
16:
This article is about a Lebanese political party. For the West-African militant group, see
3977:
1136:
957:
8:
5631:
4988:
4921:
4795:
3934:
1933:
1795:
1698:
1643:(APC) parked in front of the Lebanese Arab radio station building in west Beirut, c.1976.
1628:
1613:
1201:
797:
207:
182:
2661:
Documents and Source Material: Arab Documents on Palestine and the Arab-Israeli Conflict
2479:
2196:
Nevertheless, the al-Mourabitoun did not lost its military capabilities, and during the
5636:
5616:
5576:
5492:
5475:
5450:
5257:
5068:
5058:
5038:
5008:
4983:
4706:
2671:
in Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 5, No. 3/4. (Spring - Summer, 1976), pp. 252-287.
2391:
2085:
1833:
1766:
1633:
1410:
1269:
1205:
1020:
936:
925:
730:
701:
community, forging alliances with other anti-establishment leftist parties such as the
476:
146:
141:
5252:
5596:
5287:
5222:
5137:
5117:
4644:
4507:
4315:
4300:
4281:
4267:
4253:
4239:
4225:
4211:
4197:
4183:
4166:
4152:
4138:
4123:
4109:
4090:
4067:
4044:
4027:
4015:
4007:
3986:
3956:
3942:
3918:
3899:
3885:
2357:
2256:
in March–April 1985, the Al-Mourabitoun joined in a Syrian-backed coalition with the
2208:
estimated that the strength of the al-Mourabitoun in West Beirut was 7,000 fighters.
1957:
1811:
1803:
1770:
1726:
1512:
1488:
790:
646:
503:
5530:
5237:
5202:
5172:
5167:
5142:
4951:
4837:
4618:
4567:
4451:
4334:
3159:"WarWheels.Net -1/35 scale model Bronco Lebanese T17E1 Staghound Car Mark 1 photos"
2441:
2284:
2241:
2197:
2125:
1965:
1866:
1738:
1718:
1609:
1586:
1574:
1492:
1391:
1342:
1273:
857:
813:
658:
126:
118:
73:
5581:
5550:
5545:
5390:
5330:
5277:
5207:
5187:
5162:
5152:
5053:
4931:
4659:
4653:
4600:
4522:
4516:
4484:
4380:
4368:
4355:
4352:
Chamussy (René) – Chronique d'une guerre: Le Liban 1975-1977 – éd. Desclée – 1978
4323:
4289:
4098:
3973:
3926:
3907:
3825:
3788:
2667:
2604:
2576:
2546:
2522:
2117:
1881:
In addition, the seizure of some ex-PLO artillery pieces, namely obsolete Soviet
1682:
1652:
1648:
1532:
1520:
1387:
729:
As its name implies, the INM espoused the ideals of the late Egyptian President,
662:
629:
584:
3174:– 1/35 scale model of a Staghound armoured car on Al-Murabitoun service, c.1976.
1382:
Al-Mourabitoun militiamen were provided with a variety of small-arms, including
5586:
5425:
5320:
5282:
5272:
5262:
5232:
5157:
5147:
5028:
4956:
4851:
2516:"Lebanon is Where the US and Israel will Settle Accounts with the Palestinians"
2361:
2245:
2193:(SSNP) factions in 1980–81 for the possession of certain West Beirut quarters.
2137:
2105:
1978:
1544:
1524:
1111:
706:
532:
134:
5674:
5591:
5217:
5197:
5132:
5084:
4998:
4582:
4460:
3898:, Collection "Comprendre le Moyen-Orient", Éditions L'Harmattan, Paris 1993.
3764:
3740:
2781:"Military rifle cartridges of Lebanon Part 2: from independence to Hezbollah"
2581:
2416:
2312:
2308:
2161:
2152:– which the INM/al-Mourabitoun initially strongly opposed, even fighting the
2113:
1982:
1953:
1859:
1774:
1686:
1422:
1398:
1226:
Quietly re-formed in early 1975, their "Sentinels" militia, now known as the
1163:
997:
786:
3871:
Afaf Sabeh McGowan, John Roberts, As'ad Abu Khalil, and Robert Scott Mason,
1997:
districts and quarters. They also operated two clandestine ports located at
1127:
657:
Founded in 1957 at Beirut by a group of Lebanese Nasserite activists led by
5626:
5267:
5127:
5122:
4978:
4904:
4856:
4665:
4338:
3972:, Thèse de Doctorat d'Histoire – 1993, Université de Paris VIII, 2007. (in
3769:
Rise and Kill First: The Secret History of Israel's Targeted Assassinations
3744:
2785:
2365:
2237:
1961:
1840:
1710:
1702:
1484:
1371:
304:
68:
4252:, Middle East@War No. 41, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2021.
4238:, Middle East@War No. 21, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2019.
1593:(Chinese-produced version of the shoulder-fired US M18 recoilless rifle),
216:
5242:
5099:
4946:
4941:
4887:
4866:
4331:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
4019:
3599:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3534:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3521:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3508:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3430:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3398:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3312:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3276:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3227:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3133:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3039:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
3010:
Modern Conflicts 2 – The Lebanese Civil War, From 1975 to 1991 and Beyond
2336:
2332:
2153:
2109:
2018:
1917:
1823:
1777:
1678:
1540:
1457:
1239:
738:
348:
237:
232:
130:
1468:, Bulgarian AKK/AKKS and former East German MPi-KMS-72 assault rifles).
1096:
1016:
46:
5177:
5094:
5089:
5018:
4299:, Princeton Series on the Middle East, Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997.
3818:
3781:
2660:
2597:
2569:
2539:
2515:
2369:
2177:
1994:
1929:
1906:
1902:
1750:
1667:
1660:
1637:
1414:
1262:
4222:
Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present
1714:
1555:
assault rifles equipped with telescopic sights were used for sniping.
843:
693:
and pro-government Christian militias in northern Lebanon and Beirut.
159:
4861:
4606:
4588:
4466:
2611:, No. 108/109, The Lebanon War. (September–October, 1982), pp. 14–20.
2436:
2186:
2014:
1998:
1912:
which allowed them to strengthen their own artillery corps. British
1694:
1578:
1476:
1437:
1418:
1406:
758:
734:
626:
122:
4149:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon 1975-1981
757:
and secular character of Lebanon and, in the long-term, establish a
5601:
5310:
4806:
3456:"The Army of Lebanon - Page 7 - the Orange Room - forum.tayyar.org"
3286:
3284:
3237:
3235:
1852:
1582:
1257:
766:
4333:, Modern Conflicts Profile Guide Volume II, AK Interactive, 2021.
3997:
Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas, 1975-1978
4428:
4373:
2232:
2225:
1945:
1937:
1925:
1848:
1787:
1762:
1617:
1563:
1461:
1086:
1075:
910:
804:
estimated the INM membership since the mid-1970s to be about 45%
801:
762:
633:
4361:
3281:
3232:
2089:
LNM-JF, both in terms of popular support and military capacity.
4312:
La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible (1975–1990)
4210:, New Vanguard series 159, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2000.
3482:
La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible (1975–1990)
2272:
2074:
2060:
2041:
2029:
1863:
1862:. It is rumoured that the INM militia forces also captured one
1830:
1722:
1528:
1445:
1433:
1402:
1395:
1383:
1325:
1310:
1231:
1191:
890:
821:
742:
741:, expressed on his party slogan 'Freedom – Unity – Socialism' (
674:
172:
106:
4250:
Lebanese Civil War Volume 2: Quiet before the Storm, 1978-1981
4196:, New Vanguard series 20, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 1996.
4182:, Men-at-arms series 165, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1985.
3755:
p. 108 has "This report was signed on 7 February 1982." p. 10.
3146:
Lebanese Civil War Volume 2: Quiet before the Storm, 1978-1981
1558:
Grenade launchers and portable anti-tank weapons consisted of
5405:
2320:
2276:
2221:
2121:
2006:
1990:
1571:
1567:
1500:
1480:
1449:
1359:
1289:
1248:
1179:
1060:
1048:
1006:
2570:
Interviews with the Lebanese National Movement: Introduction
1551:
machine guns being employed as platoon and company weapons.
2108:
fighters, and later at the 'Spring Offensive' held against
1956:
surface-to-air (SAM) missiles, which they employed against
1844:
1548:
1336:
1293:
1036:
754:
3325:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
3198:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
3185:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
3109:, Trucks & Tracks Magazine (2007–2008), pp. 62–63; 65.
3081:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
3023:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2909:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2893:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2877:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2843:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2830:
Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2798:
2796:
3075:
3073:
2540:
Independent Nasserite Movement: Interview with Ziad Hafez
1921:
1516:
1453:
1426:
4266:, Weapon series 68, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2019.
1577:, whilst crew-served and indirect fire weapons included
1421:(or its Italian-produced copy, the Beretta Model 1952),
3703:
Military Operations in Selected Lebanese Built-Up Areas
3335:
3333:
2922:
Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas
2793:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2708:
Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas
2682:
Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas
3070:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2853:
2851:
2055:
They also had a medical relief agency, designated the
827:
53:
What is taken by force can only be recovered by force.
4120:
Syrian Intervention in Lebanon: The 1975-76 Civil War
3854:
William E. Smith, "Lebanon: A Country's Slow Death",
3649:
William E. Smith, "Lebanon: A Country's Slow Death",
2903:
2901:
2887:
2885:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2372:). The movement is still headed by Ibrahim Kulaylat.
1471:
Several models of handguns were also used, including
4297:
Faces of Lebanon: Sects, Wars, and Global Extensions
3330:
2745:
2299:(KDP-L) pitted against a powerful coalition of Shia
1985:, Corniche El-Mazraa, Corniche El-Manara, Bashoura,
598:
4026:, London: Oxford University Press, (3rd ed. 2001).
2979:
2848:
2526:
in MERIP Reports, No. 77. (May 1979), pp. 12-15+26.
2218:
Front for the Liberation of Lebanon from Foreigners
1473:
Colt Single Action Army second generation revolvers
5416:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
3424:
3422:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3221:
3219:
3033:
3031:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2898:
2882:
2864:
2036:), followed in 1982 by a television station, the "
1783:For logistical support, the INM militia relied on
1623:
1597:(Chinese variant of the US M20 recoilless rifle),
1322:"Maarouf Saad Units and the Determination brigade"
665:, the INM came to prominence at the height of the
661:who opposed the pro-Western policies of President
4391:Al-Mourabitoun vehicles in the Lebanese civil war
4362:Movement of Independent Nasserists - al-Murabitun
3995:Paul Jureidini, R. D. McLaurin, and James Price,
3471:– information on al-Murabitoun 'Shilka' vehicles.
5672:
4192:Steven J. Zaloga, Jim Kinnear and Peter Sarson,
4178:Samuel M. Katz, Lee E. Russel, and Ron Volstad,
3915:Histoire du Liban contemporain: Tome 2 1943-1990
2315:dissident Palestinian guerrilla factions of the
1743:Chevrolet C-10/C-15 Cheyenne light pickup trucks
5726:Organizations designated as terrorist by Canada
4278:T17E1 Staghound Armored Car – Le char sur roues
3953:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon 1967-1976
3419:
3297:
3216:
3107:T17E1 Staghound Armored Car – Le char sur roues
3028:
2997:
2633:McGowan, Roberts, Abu Khalil, and Scott Mason,
2244:PSP/PLA, the LCP/Popular Guard and SSNP in the
35:Independent Nasserite Movement (Al-Mourabitoun)
5446:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
4893:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine
4822:
4411:
3819:The War of the Camps, The War of the Hostages
2252:(LF) and the Lebanese Army. Later during the
2211:
2100:in October 1975 where they engaged Christian
1971:
560:
3882:The Emergence of South Lebanon Security Belt
3484:, Trucks & Tanks Magazine (2014), p. 81.
3052:The Emergence of South Lebanon Security Belt
2650:(2003), p. 44, Table 1: War Period Militias.
2189:district in East Beirut, later fighting the
2075:The Al-Mourabitoun in the Lebanese Civil War
1456:assault rifles (other variants included the
669:. The Movement’s own 2,000-strong militia, ‘
608:
4595:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag)
4497:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag)
3983:A History of Modern Lebanon: Second Edition
2774:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2766:
2185:(NCM) in November 1975 over control of the
2013:(PNO). A third illegal port located at the
4829:
4815:
4418:
4404:
4004:Sanctuary and Survival: the PLO in Lebanon
2480:"Lebanon - Independent Nasserite Movement"
2271:(LF) attempts to establish bridgeheads at
567:
553:
158:
45:
4064:Lebanon: Liberation, Conflict, and Crisis
4043:, Praeger Publishers Inc, New York 1980.
3894:Boutros Labaki & Khalil Abou Rjeily,
3884:, Praeger Publishers Inc, New York 1984.
3065:Lebanon: Liberation, Conflict, and Crisis
2509:
2507:
2505:
2407:List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
2150:Syrian military intervention of June 1976
1800:Pinzgauer 712M light all-terrain vehicles
471:Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants
5526:Coat of arms of the United Arab Republic
5456:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
5421:Independence Party (Mandatory Palestine)
4224:, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 2003.
4135:30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon
4122:, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1986.
4006:, Boulder: Westview Press, Oxford 1990.
3408:
3406:
3385:30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon
3379:
3377:
3375:
3263:30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon
2778:
2763:
2732:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2293:Communist Action Organization in Lebanon
1636:(LAA) soldiers gather around a captured
1627:
1353:
1337:List of Al-Mourabitoun Forces commanders
1011:Communist Action Organization in Lebanon
747:al-Hurriyat – al-Wahdat – al-Aishtirakia
623:Movement of Independent Nasserists (MIN)
619:Independent Nasserite Organization (INO)
5401:Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)
5386:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
4374:Magazine Al- Rassed/ Electronic edition
3257:
3255:
3253:
3251:
2094:1975-77 phase of the Lebanese Civil War
2065:Jameiat al-Hilal al-Ahmar al-Lubnaniyya
1701:. The latter consisted of commandeered
51:The movement's emblem with the slogan:
5673:
5396:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
4329:Zachary Sex & Bassel Abi-Chahine,
3896:Bilan des guerres du Liban (1975–1990)
3774:
3690:Bilan des guerres du Liban (1975–1990)
2534:
2532:
2502:
1587:120-PM-43 (M-1943) 120mm heavy mortars
848:Al-Mourabitoun Forces flag (1957–1985)
721:(PLO) in the immediate pre-war years.
5716:Political parties established in 1957
4810:
4399:
3811:
3403:
3372:
2721:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon
2622:The Breakdown of the State in Lebanon
2592:
2590:
2556:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2466:
2350:
2216:On January 29, 1983, the Israeli-run
2198:June 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon
2079:
1804:Volkswagen Type 2 Transporter Pickups
1751:Mercedes-Benz Unimog 416 light trucks
1632:Al-Mourabitoun militiamen and allied
1330:Merouf Maeruf Wahadat wa Liwa' Taqrir
953:Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party
4836:
4078:
3832:, No. 133. (June 1985), pp. 3–7, 22.
3705:(1979), pp. 27–28; Appendix B, B-42.
3248:
2553:, No. 61. (October, 1977), pp. 9–14.
2490:from the original on 12 October 2017
2317:Palestinian National Salvation Front
2143:
724:
581:Independent Nasserite Movement – INM
5436:National Liberation Front (Algeria)
4386:Nasserist Movement - Al-Mourabitoun
4106:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
4066:, Palgrave Macmillan, London 2010.
3941:, Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998.
3443:Les véhicules de la Guerre du Liban
3414:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
3341:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
3120:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
2924:(1979), Appendix A, table A-3; A-8.
2758:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
2695:Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks
2584:, No. 61. (October, 1977), pp. 3-5.
2529:
1914:Bofors 40mm L/60 anti-aircraft guns
828:Military structure and organization
749:). Being radically opposed to the
609:
600:Harakat al-Nasiriyin al-Mustaqillin
588:
13:
5696:Factions in the Lebanese Civil War
5376:Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria)
4898:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine
4053:Samir Makdisi and Richard Sadaka,
3795:, No. 133. (June 1985), pp. 17–19.
2587:
2463:
2412:People's Liberation Army (Lebanon)
2297:Kurdish Democratic Party – Lebanon
2220:detonated a car bomb close to the
2132:(PLA) units to avenge the earlier
1826:were used as military ambulances.
1649:Sherman Firefly Mk Vc medium tanks
1025:Kurdish Democratic Party – Lebanon
920:Lebanese National Resistance Front
589:حركة الناصريين المستقلين-المرابطون
38:حركة الناصريين المستقلين-المرابطون
14:
5737:
5441:Palestine Liberation Organization
4345:
4234:Tom Cooper & Sergio Santana,
4206:Steven J. Zaloga and Peter Bull,
4151:, Trebia Publishing, Chyah 2012.
4055:The Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990
3716:Tank Battles of the Mid-East Wars
2648:The Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990
2260:(PNO), the Druze PSP/PLA and the
2063:: جمعية الهلال الأحمر اللبناني |
2057:Lebanese Red Crescent Association
1466:Pistol Mitralieră model 1963/1965
745:: الحرية - الوحدة - الاشتراكية |
719:Palestine Liberation Organization
5691:Arab nationalist militant groups
5655:
5654:
5381:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
5064:Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict
4427:
4108:, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2008.
3701:Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price,
2920:Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price,
2706:Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price,
2680:Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price,
2183:Nasserite Correctionist Movement
1860:T-34T Armoured Recovery Vehicles
1328:: وحدات معروف سعد ولواء تقرير |
1184:
1172:
1153:
1135:
1126:
1116:
1105:
1095:
1085:
1074:
1053:
1041:
1029:
1015:
1005:
987:
977:
956:
946:
935:
924:
909:
842:
526:
231:
215:
5024:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
4491:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
4248:Tom Cooper & Efim Sandler,
4062:Tony Badran (Barry Rubin ed.),
4024:Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War
3848:
3835:
3798:
3758:
3734:
3721:
3708:
3695:
3682:
3677:Pity the Nation: Lebanon at War
3669:
3656:
3643:
3630:
3617:
3604:
3591:
3578:
3565:
3552:
3539:
3526:
3513:
3500:
3487:
3474:
3448:
3435:
3390:
3359:
3346:
3317:
3268:
3203:
3190:
3177:
3165:from the original on 2011-07-24
3151:
3138:
3125:
3112:
3099:
3086:
3057:
3044:
3015:
2966:
2953:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2835:
2822:
2809:
2726:
2713:
2700:
2687:
2674:
2267:, which defeated the Christian
2191:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
1624:Armoured and transport vehicles
1618:PTRS-41 14.5mm anti-tank rifles
238:Member State of the Arab League
18:Al-Mourabitoun (militant group)
5711:Nationalist parties in Lebanon
5681:1957 establishments in Lebanon
5466:Union of Arab Republics (1972)
5228:Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
4772:Popular Nasserist Organization
4625:Popular Nasserist Organization
4087:Autopsie de la Guerre au Liban
3445:, RAIDS magazine (1994), p. 9.
2733:Popenker, Maxim (2010-10-27).
2653:
2640:
2627:
2614:
2452:8th Infantry Brigade (Lebanon)
2447:6th Infantry Brigade (Lebanon)
2422:Popular Nasserist Organization
2382:Arab Socialist Union (Lebanon)
2258:Popular Nasserist Organization
2011:Popular Nasserist Organization
1763:ZIL-151 General purpose trucks
1713:(or its civilian version, the
983:Popular Nasserist Organization
974:Arab Socialist Union (Lebanon)
27:Political party in Lebanon
1:
4208:Staghound armored car 1942-62
4137:, Beirut: Elite Group, 2003.
3939:Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92
3864:
3601:(2021), pp. 192-193; 195-196.
3094:Staghound armored car 1942-62
2513:Mroueh Kerim; Sabbagh Samir.
1620:were used for heavy sniping.
1495:. Squad weapons consisted of
1377:
5721:Socialist parties in Lebanon
5411:Federation of Arab Republics
5371:Arab Socialist Union (Libya)
5361:Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)
4962:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
4910:Arab separatism in Khuzestan
4434:Political parties in Lebanon
3985:, Pluto Press, London 2012.
3955:, I.B. Tauris, London 2000.
3365:Zaloga, Kinnear and Sarson,
2779:Scarlata, Paul (July 2009).
1948:APCs) were employed in both
1891:M1938 (M-30) 122mm howitzers
1876:
1816:GMC C4500 medium-duty trucks
1759:GMC C4500 medium-duty trucks
1755:GMC K1500 medium-duty trucks
1747:Chevrolet C/K 3rd generation
1675:Cadillac Gage V-100 Commando
776:
7:
5706:Nasserist political parties
5686:Arab nationalism in Lebanon
5536:Flag of the Arab Federation
5366:Arab Socialist Union (Iraq)
5356:Arab Socialist Action Party
4766:Progressive Socialist Party
4529:Progressive Socialist Party
4194:T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944-94
3367:T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944-94
2802:Katz, Russel, and Volstad,
2427:Progressive Socialist Party
2375:
2034:Iza'at Sawt Lubnan al-Arabi
1887:ZiS-3 76.2mm anti-tank guns
1858:tracked vehicles and a few
1851:wheeled APCs, two or three
1820:GMC C7500 heavy-duty trucks
1141:Progressive Socialist Party
962:Progressive Socialist Party
703:Progressive Socialist Party
599:
10:
5742:
5701:Lebanese National Movement
5507:On the Way of Resurrection
5500:The Battle for One Destiny
5431:Lebanese National Movement
4872:Third International Theory
3688:Labaki & Abou Rjeily,
2598:Israel in Lebanon, 1975–82
2432:Sixth of February Movement
2402:Lebanese National Movement
2289:Sixth of February Movement
2212:Decline and demise 1983–88
2046:Televizyon Lubnan al-Arabi
2038:Television of Arab Lebanon
1972:Activities and controversy
1895:Type 59-1 130mm field guns
1808:Chevrolet C-50 medium-duty
1664:armored personnel carriers
1641:Armoured personnel carrier
1411:Crvena Zastava Automat M56
942:Sixth of February Movement
916:Lebanese National Movement
880:Lebanese National Movement
715:Lebanese National Movement
652:
22:Murabitun (disambiguation)
15:
5650:
5559:
5516:
5484:
5461:Unified Political Command
5351:Arab Nationalist Movement
5296:
5248:Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi
5108:
5077:
5044:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
4915:1979 Khuzestan insurgency
4880:
4844:
4791:
4758:
4696:
4643:
4566:
4556:
4538:
4506:
4479:Lebanese Democratic Party
4450:
4440:
4180:Armies in Lebanon 1982-84
2130:Palestine Liberation Army
2128:, on the side of PLO and
2050:Gamal Abdel Nasser Mosque
1922:ZPU (ZPU-1, ZPU-2, ZPU-4)
1824:Peugeot 504 pickup trucks
1792:Toyota Land Cruiser (J45)
1785:Toyota Land Cruiser (J42)
1735:Toyota Land Cruiser (J45)
1731:Toyota Land Cruiser (J40)
1211:
1197:
1069:
904:
896:
889:Tarik al-Jadida, Mazraa,
885:
875:
865:
853:
841:
834:
617:), also termed variously
178:
171:
166:
157:
152:
140:
112:
102:
87:
79:
67:
59:
44:
32:
4969:1952 Egyptian revolution
4713:Lebanese Communist Party
4163:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3873:Lebanon: a country study
3858:, April 29, 1985, p. 46.
3653:, April 29, 1985, p. 47.
3612:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3586:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3573:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3560:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3547:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3495:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3354:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
3211:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2992:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2974:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2961:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2948:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2935:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2859:Invasion of Lebanon 1982
2806:(1985), p. 44, Plate G2.
2635:Lebanon: a country study
2457:
2397:Lebanese Communist Party
2345:Internal Security Forces
2102:Kataeb Regulatory Forces
1727:Land-Rover series II-III
1691:Internal Security Forces
1537:Browning M1919A4 .30 Cal
1368:Internal Security Forces
1307:"Hawks of az-Zeidaniyya"
1299:
1160:Lebanese Communist Party
1145:People's Liberation Army
1092:Internal Security Forces
994:Lebanese Communist Party
966:People's Liberation Army
871:1957 - 1958; 1975 - 1985
771:Lebanese Communist Party
711:Lebanese Communist Party
37:
5622:Palestinian nationalism
5541:Flag of the Arab Revolt
5034:1966 Syrian coup d'état
5014:1963 Syrian coup d'état
4994:1961 Syrian coup d'état
4778:National Dialogue Party
4577:Free Patriotic Movement
4473:Free Patriotic Movement
4165:, Abteilung 502, 2019.
3597:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3532:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3519:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3506:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3428:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3396:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3310:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3274:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3225:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3131:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3037:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
3008:Sex & Abi-Chahine,
1901:and five truck-mounted
1683:Staghound armoured cars
1553:Heckler & Koch G3A3
639:
142:Political position
5049:1969 Libyan revolution
4927:1941 Iraqi coup d'état
4678:National Liberal Party
4118:Naomi Joy Weinberger,
4041:The Lebanese Civil War
3917:, Fayard, Paris 2005.
3290:Cooper & Santana,
3241:Cooper & Santana,
3144:Cooper & Sandler,
2341:Syrian Commando troops
2248:against the Christian
2134:Tel al-Zaatar massacre
1812:Dodge F600 medium-duty
1644:
1533:M60 light machine guns
900:3,000 - 5,000 fighters
835:Al-Mourabitoun Forces
487:Diplomatic missions of
20:. For other uses, see
5607:Jordanian nationalism
5341:Arab Islamic Republic
5336:Arab Higher Committee
5213:Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
5193:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
5004:North Yemen civil war
4937:Arab–Israeli conflict
4698:17 October Revolution
4672:Independence Movement
3679:, (2001), pp. 99-100.
3497:(2019), pp. 201; 203.
3400:(2021), pp. 192; 195.
2176:– such as the jurist
2026:Voice of Arab Lebanon
1631:
1583:82-PM-41 82mm mortars
1541:Browning M2HB .50 Cal
1442:Heckler & Koch G3
1430:semi-automatic rifles
1364:Lebanese Armed Forces
1354:Weapons and equipment
1228:Al-Mourabitoun Forces
1081:Lebanese Armed Forces
173:www.almourabitoun.com
5642:Tunisian nationalism
5612:Lebanese nationalism
5572:Egyptian nationalism
5567:Algerian nationalism
5471:United Arab Republic
5346:Arab Liberation Army
5326:Arab Ba'ath Movement
5183:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
3843:Civil War in Lebanon
3806:Civil War in Lebanon
3729:Civil War in Lebanon
3664:Civil War in Lebanon
3638:Civil War in Lebanon
3575:(2019), pp. 207-208.
3549:(2019), pp. 209-211.
3536:(2021), pp. 196-197.
3523:(2021), pp. 192-193.
3278:(2021), pp. 195-196.
2723:(2000), pp. 332-333.
2646:Makdisi and Sadaka,
2637:(1989), pp. 242-243.
2484:www.country-data.com
2181:parties such as the
2098:Battle of the Hotels
2001:district and at the
1749:pickup trucks, plus
1401:bolt-action rifles,
1245:Palestinian factions
1101:Army of Free Lebanon
739:pan-Arab nationalism
689:), clashed with the
257:Constitution of 1926
5632:Sahrawi nationalism
4989:1959 Mosul uprising
4922:Great Syrian Revolt
4796:Politics of Lebanon
4295:William W. Harris,
4264:The G3 Battle Rifle
4104:Moustafa El-Assad,
3369:(1996), pp. 39; 47.
3200:(2012), pp. 45; 47.
2817:The G3 Battle Rifle
1962:fighter-bomber jets
1847:medium tanks, five
1837:armoured scout cars
1366:(LAF) barracks and
1313:: صقور الزيدانية |
1236:Quwwat al-Murabitun
1234:: قوات المرابطون |
1202:1958 Lebanon crisis
798:Library of Congress
789:’ and impoverished
208:Politics of Lebanon
183:Politics of Lebanon
5637:Syrian nationalism
5617:Libyan nationalism
5577:Greater Mauritania
5493:The Arab Awakening
5476:United Arab States
5451:Rejectionist Front
5258:Gamal Abdel Nasser
5069:Yemeni unification
5059:Lebanese Civil War
5039:17 July Revolution
5009:Ramadan Revolution
4984:14 July Revolution
4379:2017-08-31 at the
4367:2017-04-07 at the
4220:Steven J. Zaloga,
3981:Fawwaz Traboulsi,
3968:Fawwaz Traboulsi,
3880:Beate Hamizrachi,
3824:2017-02-14 at the
3787:2017-02-14 at the
3627:(2007), parte III.
3327:(2012), pp. 45-47.
3122:(2008), pp. 85-87.
3096:(2000), pp. 42-45.
3083:(2012), pp. 46-48.
3067:(2010), pp. 50-52.
3054:(1984), pp. 55-89.
3025:(2012), pp. 46-47.
2666:2017-03-12 at the
2603:2017-02-14 at the
2596:Reilly, James A. "
2575:2017-02-14 at the
2545:2017-02-14 at the
2521:2017-02-14 at the
2392:Lebanese Civil War
2351:The post-war years
2158:Battle of Bhamdoun
2086:Lebanese Civil War
2080:Ascendancy 1975–76
1796:Jeep Gladiator J20
1767:heavy machine guns
1645:
1634:Lebanese Arab Army
1612:(often mounted on
1545:SG-43/SGM Goryunov
1315:Suqūr az-Zaydānīya
1270:Lebanese Arab Army
1218:150 - 200 fighters
1206:Lebanese Civil War
1021:Lebanese Arab Army
867:Dates of operation
751:Christian Maronite
731:Gamal Abdel Nasser
533:Lebanon portal
477:Abdallah Bou Habib
5668:
5667:
5597:Iraqi nationalism
5288:Constantin Zureiq
5138:Abdul Rahman Arif
5118:Butrus al-Bustani
4804:
4803:
4787:
4786:
4645:March 14 Alliance
4558:National Assembly
4552:
4551:
4508:March 14 Alliance
4258:978-1-914059-04-9
4244:978-1-915070-21-0
4216:978 1 84603 392 6
4171:978-84-120935-1-3
4157:978-9953-0-2372-4
4085:Éric Micheletti,
4079:Secondary sources
4072:978-0-230-62306-4
4049:978-0-03-039701-1
3923:978-2-213-61521-9
3890:978-0-275-92854-4
3092:Zaloga and Bull,
2804:Armies in Lebanon
2710:(1979), pp. 5; 8.
2343:and the Lebanese
2144:Reversals 1976–82
2067:), best known as
1958:Israeli Air Force
1853:ZSU-23-4M1 Shilka
1771:recoilless rifles
1610:recoilless rifles
1493:MAB PA-15 pistols
1413:submachine guns,
1362:or pilfered from
1224:
1223:
1169:
1150:
1065:
1003:
971:
791:petty bourgeoisie
725:Political beliefs
597:
577:
576:
509:Visa requirements
464:Foreign relations
451:Political parties
399:Recent elections
201:
200:
188:Political parties
5733:
5658:
5657:
5531:Eagle of Saladin
5238:Amin al-Husseini
5203:Faisal I of Iraq
5173:Sultan al-Atrash
5168:Mansur al-Atrash
5143:Abdul Salam Arif
4952:War of Attrition
4838:Arab nationalism
4831:
4824:
4817:
4808:
4807:
4619:Dignity Movement
4568:March 8 Alliance
4564:
4563:
4452:March 8 Alliance
4448:
4447:
4432:
4431:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4397:
4396:
4276:Ludovic Fortin,
4262:Leroy Thompson,
3951:Farid El-Kazen,
3935:Edgar O'Ballance
3859:
3852:
3846:
3839:
3833:
3815:
3809:
3802:
3796:
3782:A Lebanon Primer
3778:
3772:
3762:
3756:
3738:
3732:
3725:
3719:
3712:
3706:
3699:
3693:
3686:
3680:
3673:
3667:
3660:
3654:
3647:
3641:
3634:
3628:
3621:
3615:
3608:
3602:
3595:
3589:
3582:
3576:
3569:
3563:
3556:
3550:
3543:
3537:
3530:
3524:
3517:
3511:
3504:
3498:
3491:
3485:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3458:. Archived from
3452:
3446:
3439:
3433:
3426:
3417:
3410:
3401:
3394:
3388:
3381:
3370:
3363:
3357:
3350:
3344:
3337:
3328:
3321:
3315:
3308:
3295:
3288:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3259:
3246:
3239:
3230:
3223:
3214:
3207:
3201:
3194:
3188:
3181:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3155:
3149:
3148:(2021), Plate i.
3142:
3136:
3129:
3123:
3116:
3110:
3103:
3097:
3090:
3084:
3077:
3068:
3061:
3055:
3048:
3042:
3035:
3026:
3019:
3013:
3006:
2995:
2988:
2977:
2970:
2964:
2957:
2951:
2944:
2938:
2931:
2925:
2918:
2912:
2905:
2896:
2889:
2880:
2873:
2862:
2855:
2846:
2839:
2833:
2826:
2820:
2813:
2807:
2800:
2791:
2790:
2776:
2761:
2754:
2743:
2742:
2730:
2724:
2717:
2711:
2704:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2657:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2631:
2625:
2618:
2612:
2594:
2585:
2565:
2554:
2536:
2527:
2511:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2476:
2442:War of the Camps
2295:(OCAL), and the
2285:War of the Camps
2240:allied with the
2206:events in Beirut
2126:Iqlim al-Kharrub
1966:1982 Lebanon War
1907:BM-21 Grad 122mm
1685:seized from the
1653:Charioteer tanks
1575:rocket launchers
1343:Ibrahim Kulaylat
1215:Preceded by
1198:Battles and wars
1190:
1188:
1187:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1167:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1089:
1079:
1078:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1019:
1009:
1001:
992:
991:
990:
981:
969:
960:
951:
950:
949:
940:
939:
929:
928:
914:
913:
868:
858:Ibrahim Kulaylat
846:
832:
831:
659:Ibrahim Kulaylat
612:
611:
602:
592:
590:
569:
562:
555:
531:
530:
529:
351:
240:
236:
235:
219:
203:
202:
162:
127:Anti-imperialism
119:Arab nationalism
98:
96:
83:Ibrahim Kulaylat
74:Ibrahim Kulaylat
49:
30:
29:
5741:
5740:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5671:
5670:
5669:
5664:
5646:
5582:Greater Morocco
5555:
5551:Pan-Arab colors
5546:Hawk of Quraish
5512:
5480:
5331:Arab Federation
5292:
5278:Abdullah Rimawi
5253:Mostéfa Merarda
5208:Muammar Gaddafi
5188:Ahmed Ben Bella
5163:Jamal al-Atassi
5153:Bashar al-Assad
5104:
5073:
5054:Black September
4932:Anglo-Iraqi War
4876:
4840:
4835:
4805:
4800:
4783:
4754:
4692:
4689:Independent (3)
4660:Future Movement
4654:Lebanese Forces
4639:
4636:Independent (5)
4601:Marada Movement
4548:
4534:
4523:Lebanese Forces
4517:Future Movement
4502:
4485:Marada Movement
4436:
4426:
4424:
4381:Wayback Machine
4369:Wayback Machine
4348:
4343:
4307:, 1-55876-115-2
4081:
4076:
3913:Denise Ammoun,
3867:
3862:
3853:
3849:
3845:(1998), p. 158.
3840:
3836:
3826:Wayback Machine
3816:
3812:
3808:(1998), p. 156.
3803:
3799:
3789:Wayback Machine
3780:Russell, Tom. "
3779:
3775:
3763:
3759:
3739:
3735:
3726:
3722:
3713:
3709:
3700:
3696:
3687:
3683:
3674:
3670:
3661:
3657:
3648:
3644:
3635:
3631:
3622:
3618:
3614:(2019), p. 196.
3609:
3605:
3596:
3592:
3588:(2019), p. 202.
3583:
3579:
3570:
3566:
3562:(2019), p. 209.
3557:
3553:
3544:
3540:
3531:
3527:
3518:
3514:
3510:(2021), p. 194.
3505:
3501:
3492:
3488:
3479:
3475:
3465:
3463:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3440:
3436:
3432:(2021), p. 193.
3427:
3420:
3411:
3404:
3395:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3360:
3356:(2019), p. 201.
3351:
3347:
3338:
3331:
3322:
3318:
3314:(2021), p. 197.
3309:
3298:
3289:
3282:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3249:
3240:
3233:
3229:(2021), p. 196.
3224:
3217:
3213:(2019), p. 200.
3208:
3204:
3195:
3191:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3166:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3143:
3139:
3135:(2021), p. 189.
3130:
3126:
3117:
3113:
3104:
3100:
3091:
3087:
3078:
3071:
3062:
3058:
3049:
3045:
3041:(2021), p. 190.
3036:
3029:
3020:
3016:
3012:(2021), p. 191.
3007:
2998:
2994:(2019), p. 197.
2989:
2980:
2976:(2019), p. 194.
2971:
2967:
2963:(2019), p. 195.
2958:
2954:
2950:(2019), p. 205.
2945:
2941:
2937:(2019), p. 355.
2932:
2928:
2919:
2915:
2906:
2899:
2890:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2861:(2019), p. 199.
2856:
2849:
2840:
2836:
2827:
2823:
2814:
2810:
2801:
2794:
2777:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2739:Modern Firearms
2731:
2727:
2718:
2714:
2705:
2701:
2692:
2688:
2679:
2675:
2668:Wayback Machine
2658:
2654:
2645:
2641:
2632:
2628:
2624:(2000), p. 303.
2619:
2615:
2605:Wayback Machine
2595:
2588:
2577:Wayback Machine
2567:Barbee, Lynne.
2566:
2557:
2547:Wayback Machine
2537:
2530:
2523:Wayback Machine
2512:
2503:
2493:
2491:
2478:
2477:
2464:
2460:
2378:
2368:and the South (
2353:
2269:Lebanese Forces
2250:Lebanese Forces
2214:
2166:Sunni community
2146:
2082:
2077:
2003:Ain El-Mreisseh
1974:
1879:
1798:light pickups,
1711:Willys M38A1 MD
1626:
1579:M2 60mm mortars
1535:, with heavier
1380:
1356:
1339:
1302:
1266:Ahmed Al-Khatib
1261:) and later by
1220:
1219:
1217:
1204:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1134:
1125:
1123:Lebanese Forces
1117:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1094:
1084:
1083:
1073:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1014:
1004:
1000:
988:
986:
985:
976:
972:
955:
947:
945:
944:
934:
933:
923:
922:
918:
908:
866:
860:
849:
836:
830:
779:
727:
663:Camille Chamoun
655:
642:
630:political party
573:
544:
540:Other countries
527:
525:
519:
518:
499:Nationality law
495:
483:
466:
456:
455:
445:
423:
395:
385:
384:
365:
357:
356:
343:
334:
324:
323:
275:
265:
264:
252:
242:
230:
229:
210:
197:
133:
129:
125:
121:
94:
92:
55:
40:
39:
36:
28:
25:
12:
11:
5:
5739:
5729:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5651:
5648:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5563:
5561:
5560:Related topics
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5522:
5520:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5503:
5496:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5426:Islamic Legion
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5316:Al-Mourabitoun
5313:
5308:
5302:
5300:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5283:Hamdeen Sabahi
5280:
5275:
5273:Fuad al-Rikabi
5270:
5265:
5263:Adnan Pachachi
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5233:Saddam Hussein
5230:
5225:
5223:Sati' al-Husri
5220:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5158:Hafez al-Assad
5155:
5150:
5148:Zaki al-Arsuzi
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5114:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5081:
5079:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5029:Aden Emergency
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4974:Iraqi Intifada
4971:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4957:Yom Kippur War
4954:
4949:
4944:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4907:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4890:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4852:Arab socialism
4848:
4846:
4842:
4841:
4834:
4833:
4826:
4819:
4811:
4802:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4775:
4769:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4746:
4740:
4734:
4728:
4725:Tahalof Watani
4722:
4719:Beirut Tuqawem
4716:
4710:
4703:
4701:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4663:
4657:
4650:
4648:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4634:
4628:
4622:
4616:
4610:
4604:
4598:
4592:
4586:
4580:
4573:
4571:
4561:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4545:PM's share (5)
4542:
4540:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4526:
4520:
4513:
4511:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4476:
4470:
4464:
4457:
4455:
4445:
4438:
4437:
4423:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4400:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4371:
4359:
4347:
4346:External links
4344:
4342:
4341:
4327:
4308:
4305:978-1558761155
4293:
4274:
4260:
4246:
4232:
4218:
4204:
4190:
4176:
4161:Samer Kassis,
4159:
4147:Samer Kassis,
4145:
4133:Samer Kassis,
4131:
4128:978-0195040104
4116:
4102:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4060:
4051:
4037:
4017:
4000:
3993:
3991:978-0745332741
3979:
3966:
3949:
3932:
3911:
3904:978-2738415257
3892:
3878:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3847:
3834:
3810:
3797:
3773:
3757:
3741:Kahan, Yitzhak
3733:
3731:(1998), p. 36.
3720:
3707:
3694:
3692:(1993), p. 57.
3681:
3668:
3666:(1998), p. 29.
3655:
3642:
3640:(1998), p. 43.
3629:
3616:
3603:
3590:
3577:
3564:
3551:
3538:
3525:
3512:
3499:
3486:
3473:
3447:
3434:
3418:
3416:(2008), p. 95.
3402:
3389:
3387:(2003), p. 67.
3371:
3358:
3345:
3343:(2008), p. 93.
3329:
3316:
3296:
3294:(2019), p. 52.
3280:
3267:
3265:(2003), p. 66.
3247:
3245:(2019), p. 55.
3231:
3215:
3202:
3189:
3187:(2012), p. 51.
3176:
3150:
3137:
3124:
3111:
3098:
3085:
3069:
3056:
3043:
3027:
3014:
2996:
2978:
2965:
2952:
2939:
2926:
2913:
2911:(2012), p. 45.
2897:
2895:(2012), p. 44.
2881:
2879:(2012), p. 47.
2863:
2847:
2845:(2012), p. 53.
2834:
2832:(2012), p. 41.
2821:
2819:(2019), p. 29.
2808:
2792:
2762:
2760:(2008), p. 91.
2744:
2725:
2712:
2699:
2686:
2673:
2652:
2639:
2626:
2613:
2586:
2555:
2538:Hafez, Ziad. "
2528:
2501:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2352:
2349:
2246:Chouf District
2213:
2210:
2145:
2142:
2138:Lebanese Front
2106:Tigers Militia
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
1987:Basta El-Tahta
1979:Wadi Abu Jamil
1973:
1970:
1938:ZIL-151 trucks
1878:
1875:
1739:GMC K25 Sierra
1679:Panhard AML-90
1661:Panhard M3 VTT
1638:Panhard M3 VTT
1625:
1622:
1379:
1376:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1318:
1301:
1298:
1222:
1221:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1112:Lebanese Front
1071:
1067:
1066:
906:
902:
901:
898:
894:
893:
887:
883:
882:
877:
873:
872:
869:
863:
862:
855:
851:
850:
847:
839:
838:
837:قوات المرابطون
829:
826:
778:
775:
726:
723:
707:Kamal Jumblatt
687:al-Mourabitoun
667:1958 Civil War
654:
651:
641:
638:
575:
574:
572:
571:
564:
557:
549:
546:
545:
543:
542:
536:
521:
520:
517:
516:
511:
506:
501:
494:
493:
482:
481:
480:
479:
467:
462:
461:
458:
457:
454:
453:
448:
447:
446:
444:
443:
438:
433:
426:
424:
422:
421:
414:
409:
405:Presidential:
402:
396:
391:
390:
387:
386:
383:
382:
380:Municipalities
377:
372:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
355:
354:
353:
352:
335:
330:
329:
326:
325:
322:
321:
320:
319:
309:
308:
307:
295:Prime Minister
292:
291:
290:
276:
271:
270:
267:
266:
260:
259:
253:
248:
247:
244:
243:
225:
224:
221:
220:
212:
211:
206:
199:
198:
196:
195:
190:
185:
179:
176:
175:
169:
168:
164:
163:
155:
154:
150:
149:
144:
138:
137:
135:Arab socialism
116:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
71:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
50:
42:
41:
34:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5738:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5676:
5661:
5653:
5652:
5649:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5592:Greater Yemen
5590:
5588:
5587:Greater Syria
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5509:
5508:
5504:
5502:
5501:
5497:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5298:Organizations
5295:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5218:George Habash
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5198:Izzat Darwaza
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5133:Yasser Arafat
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5111:
5110:Personalities
5107:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5085:Arab identity
5083:
5082:
5080:
5076:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4999:Arab Cold War
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4916:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4843:
4839:
4832:
4827:
4825:
4820:
4818:
4813:
4812:
4809:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4790:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4695:
4688:
4685:
4684:Islamic group
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4635:
4632:
4629:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4583:Amal Movement
4581:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4555:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4537:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4461:Amal Movement
4459:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4449:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4409:
4407:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4340:
4339:8435568306073
4336:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4273:
4272:9781472828620
4269:
4265:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:962-361-613-9
4227:
4223:
4219:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4203:
4202:1 85532 535 7
4199:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4188:0-85045-602-9
4185:
4181:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:9953-0-0705-5
4140:
4136:
4132:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4115:
4114:9953-0-1256-8
4111:
4107:
4103:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4083:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4039:Marius Deeb,
4038:
4036:
4033:
4032:0-19-280130-9
4029:
4025:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:0 86187 123 5
4009:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3961:0-674-08105-6
3958:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3947:0-333-72975-7
3944:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3857:
3851:
3844:
3838:
3831:
3830:MERIP Reports
3827:
3823:
3820:
3817:Stork, Joe. "
3814:
3807:
3801:
3794:
3793:MERIP Reports
3790:
3786:
3783:
3777:
3771:, in "notes".
3770:
3766:
3765:Ronen Bergman
3761:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3745:Barak, Aharon
3742:
3737:
3730:
3724:
3718:(2003), p. 7.
3717:
3711:
3704:
3698:
3691:
3685:
3678:
3672:
3665:
3659:
3652:
3646:
3639:
3633:
3626:
3620:
3613:
3607:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3581:
3574:
3568:
3561:
3555:
3548:
3542:
3535:
3529:
3522:
3516:
3509:
3503:
3496:
3490:
3483:
3477:
3462:on 2011-07-27
3461:
3457:
3451:
3444:
3438:
3431:
3425:
3423:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3399:
3393:
3386:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3368:
3362:
3355:
3349:
3342:
3336:
3334:
3326:
3320:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3277:
3271:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3252:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3228:
3222:
3220:
3212:
3206:
3199:
3193:
3186:
3180:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3147:
3141:
3134:
3128:
3121:
3115:
3108:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3066:
3060:
3053:
3047:
3040:
3034:
3032:
3024:
3018:
3011:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2975:
2969:
2962:
2956:
2949:
2943:
2936:
2930:
2923:
2917:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2825:
2818:
2812:
2805:
2799:
2797:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2759:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2716:
2709:
2703:
2697:(2008), p. 7.
2696:
2690:
2684:(1979), p. 6.
2683:
2677:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2656:
2649:
2643:
2636:
2630:
2623:
2617:
2610:
2609:MERIP Reports
2606:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2591:
2583:
2582:MERIP Reports
2579:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2552:
2551:MERIP Reports
2548:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2533:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2417:Popular Guard
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2309:Lebanese Army
2306:
2303:, pro-Syrian
2302:
2301:Amal movement
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2265:Amal Movement
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:Aley District
2159:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2114:Mount Lebanon
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2087:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2017:dock area in
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1920:20mm, Soviet
1919:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1899:Type 63 107mm
1897:, plus towed
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1775:Anti-Aircraft
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1687:Lebanese Army
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1477:Tokarev TT-33
1474:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1423:Beretta BM 59
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1399:Karabiner 98k
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1181:
1165:
1164:Popular Guard
1161:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1132:Amal Movement
1129:
1124:
1113:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1008:
999:
998:Popular Guard
995:
984:
980:
975:
967:
963:
959:
954:
943:
938:
932:
927:
921:
917:
912:
907:
903:
899:
895:
892:
888:
884:
881:
878:
874:
870:
864:
859:
856:
852:
845:
840:
833:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
792:
788:
787:working class
784:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
733:, a blend of
732:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:(PSP) led by
704:
700:
694:
692:
691:Lebanese Army
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:The Sentinels
668:
664:
660:
650:
648:
637:
635:
631:
628:
624:
620:
616:
615:The Steadfast
606:
605:Al-Murabitoun
601:
595:
586:
582:
570:
565:
563:
558:
556:
551:
550:
548:
547:
541:
538:
537:
535:
534:
523:
522:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
496:
492:
488:
485:
484:
478:
474:
473:
472:
469:
468:
465:
460:
459:
452:
449:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
428:
427:
425:
420:
419:
415:
413:
410:
408:
404:
403:
401:
400:
398:
397:
394:
389:
388:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
367:
361:
360:
350:
346:
342:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
328:
327:
318:
317:Past Cabinets
315:
314:
313:
310:
306:
303:
302:
300:
296:
293:
288:
287:
285:
281:
278:
277:
274:
269:
268:
263:
258:
255:
254:
251:
246:
245:
241:
239:
234:
227:
226:
223:
222:
218:
214:
213:
209:
205:
204:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
170:
165:
161:
156:
151:
148:
145:
143:
139:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
117:
115:
111:
108:
105:
101:
90:
86:
82:
78:
75:
72:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
31:
23:
19:
5627:Pan-Islamism
5505:
5498:
5491:
5391:Ba'ath Party
5315:
5268:Ameen Rihani
5128:Jassem Alwan
5123:Michel Aflaq
4979:Algerian War
4905:Iraqi Revolt
4743:Osos Lebanon
4666:Kataeb Party
4613:Ba'ath Party
4330:
4311:
4296:
4277:
4263:
4249:
4235:
4221:
4207:
4193:
4179:
4162:
4148:
4134:
4130:, 0195040104
4119:
4105:
4086:
4063:
4054:
4040:
4023:
4003:
4002:Rex Brynen,
3996:
3982:
3969:
3952:
3938:
3914:
3895:
3881:
3872:
3855:
3850:
3842:
3841:O'Ballance,
3837:
3829:
3813:
3805:
3804:O'Ballance,
3800:
3792:
3776:
3760:
3752:
3736:
3728:
3727:O'Ballance,
3723:
3715:
3710:
3702:
3697:
3689:
3684:
3676:
3671:
3663:
3662:O'Ballance,
3658:
3650:
3645:
3637:
3636:O'Ballance,
3632:
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3606:
3598:
3593:
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3580:
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3567:
3559:
3554:
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3507:
3502:
3494:
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3481:
3476:
3464:. Retrieved
3460:the original
3450:
3442:
3441:Micheletti,
3437:
3429:
3413:
3397:
3392:
3384:
3366:
3361:
3353:
3348:
3340:
3324:
3319:
3311:
3291:
3275:
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3262:
3242:
3226:
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3179:
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3153:
3145:
3140:
3132:
3127:
3119:
3114:
3106:
3101:
3093:
3088:
3080:
3064:
3059:
3051:
3050:Hamizrachi,
3046:
3038:
3022:
3017:
3009:
2991:
2973:
2968:
2960:
2955:
2947:
2942:
2934:
2929:
2921:
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2908:
2892:
2876:
2858:
2842:
2837:
2829:
2824:
2816:
2811:
2803:
2786:Shotgun News
2784:
2757:
2738:
2728:
2720:
2715:
2707:
2702:
2694:
2689:
2681:
2676:
2659:
2655:
2647:
2642:
2634:
2629:
2621:
2616:
2608:
2568:
2550:
2514:
2492:. Retrieved
2483:
2366:Beqaa Valley
2354:
2329:
2325:Sunni Muslim
2281:
2238:Mountain War
2230:
2215:
2195:
2170:
2147:
2091:
2083:
2068:
2064:
2056:
2054:
2045:
2037:
2033:
2025:
2023:
1975:
1932:(mounted on
1880:
1828:
1782:
1703:Austin Champ
1693:, backed by
1646:
1595:Type 56 75mm
1591:Type 36 57mm
1557:
1470:
1392:Mosin–Nagant
1381:
1372:black market
1357:
1348:Shawqi Majed
1329:
1321:
1314:
1306:
1256:
1235:
1227:
1225:
1214:
886:Headquarters
861:Shawqi Majed
780:
765:and liberal
746:
737:and secular
728:
699:Sunni Muslim
695:
686:
683:al-murabitûn
682:
679:Al-Murabitun
678:
670:
656:
643:
622:
618:
614:
604:
603:) or simply
580:
578:
524:
417:
370:Governorates
364:Subdivisions
305:Najib Mikati
262:Human rights
250:Constitution
228:
103:Headquarters
60:Abbreviation
52:
5321:Arab Ba'ath
5243:Salah Jadid
5100:Arabization
4947:Six-Day War
4942:Suez Crisis
4888:Arab Revolt
4867:Pan-Arabism
4759:Others (10)
4731:Khatt Ahmar
4631:Union Party
4310:Yann Mahé,
4020:Robert Fisk
3749:Efrat, Yona
3623:Traboulsi,
2387:Coastal War
2337:Syrian Army
2333:Switzerland
2311:, and anti-
2254:Coastal War
2154:Syrian Army
2110:East Beirut
2092:During the
2071:for short.
2019:East Beirut
1964:during the
1950:air defense
1930:autocannons
1924:14.5mm and
1918:Zastava M55
1916:, Yugoslav
1903:BM-11 122mm
1822:. Modified
1778:autocannons
1765:armed with
1719:Kaiser M715
1607:M40A1 106mm
1505:M1918A2 BAR
1464:, Romanian
1458:Zastava M70
1415:M2 carbines
1388:Lee–Enfield
1288:trained in
1240:West Beirut
514:Visa policy
349:Nabih Berri
332:Legislature
131:Pan-Arabism
5675:Categories
5485:Literature
5178:Tariq Aziz
5095:Arab world
5090:Arab Union
5019:Dhofar War
4539:Others (5)
3865:References
3466:2011-03-24
3412:El-Assad,
3339:El-Assad,
3169:2011-03-14
3118:El-Assad,
2815:Thompson,
2756:El-Assad,
2719:El-Kazen,
2693:El-Assad,
2620:El-Kazen,
2370:Jabal Amel
2319:backed by
2178:Walid Eido
2172:prominent
2140:militias.
1995:Ras Beirut
1954:SA-7 Grail
1934:technicals
1883:ZiS-2 57mm
1834:amphibious
1699:technicals
1695:Gun trucks
1668:M42 Duster
1616:). Soviet
1614:technicals
1603:B-11 107mm
1460:, Chinese
1378:Small-arms
1286:Christians
1263:Lieutenant
1168:after 1983
1149:after 1983
1064:until 1977
1002:until 1983
970:until 1983
647:Almoravids
491:in Lebanon
475:Minister:
339:Parliament
153:Party flag
5518:Symbolism
4862:Nasserism
4857:Ba'athism
4749:ReLebanon
4607:Al-Ahbash
4589:Hezbollah
4467:Hezbollah
4442:Ministers
4320:1957-4193
4286:1957-4193
4095:0769-4814
2437:Nasserism
2327:militia.
2187:Karantina
2084:When the
2015:Karantina
1877:Artillery
1869:from the
1715:Jeep CJ-5
1707:M151A1/A2
1599:B-10 82mm
1419:M1 Garand
1070:Opponents
820:areas of
800:study on
777:Following
759:socialist
735:Socialism
627:Nasserist
610:المرابطون
594:romanized
429:General:
418:2022–2023
412:2014–2016
393:Elections
375:Districts
280:President
273:Executive
193:Elections
147:Left-wing
123:Nasserism
5660:Category
5602:Islamism
5311:Al-Fatat
5078:Concepts
4845:Ideology
4707:Taqaddom
4377:Archived
4365:Archived
3822:Archived
3785:Archived
3767:, 2018,
3714:Zaloga,
3610:Kassis,
3584:Kassis,
3571:Kassis,
3558:Kassis,
3545:Kassis,
3493:Kassis,
3383:Kassis,
3352:Kassis,
3323:Kassis,
3261:Kassis,
3209:Kassis,
3196:Kassis,
3183:Kassis,
3163:Archived
3105:Fortin,
3079:Kassis,
3063:Badran,
3021:Kassis,
2990:Kassis,
2972:Kassis,
2959:Kassis,
2946:Kassis,
2933:Kassis,
2907:Kassis,
2891:Kassis,
2875:Kassis,
2857:Kassis,
2841:Kassis,
2828:Kassis,
2735:"Sa. 23"
2664:Archived
2601:Archived
2573:Archived
2543:Archived
2519:Archived
2494:24 April
2488:Archived
2376:See also
2360:and the
2069:Al-hilal
1928:23mm AA
1864:Magach 3
1689:and the
1651:, a few
1407:Sa 25/26
1258:As-Saiqa
876:Group(s)
812:and 10%
767:idealist
709:and the
504:Passport
114:Ideology
5306:Al-Awda
4881:History
3751:(1983)
2364:), the
2358:Tripoli
2347:(ISF).
2262:Shi'ite
2233:Jammoul
2226:Chtaura
2160:in the
2156:at the
2136:by the
2124:in the
2009:-based
1946:BTR-152
1926:ZU-23-2
1849:BTR-152
1845:T-34/85
1788:hardtop
1723:GAZ-69A
1721:jeeps,
1666:(APC),
1589:, plus
1564:M72 LAW
1485:M1911A1
1462:Type 56
1143:(PSP)/
964:(PSP)/
854:Leaders
802:Lebanon
773:(LCP).
763:Marxist
653:Origins
634:Lebanon
625:, is a
596::
345:Speaker
312:Cabinet
167:Website
93: (
88:Founded
80:Founder
4356:French
4337:
4324:French
4318:
4303:
4290:French
4284:
4270:
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4242:
4228:
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4099:French
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4030:
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3974:French
3959:
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3927:French
3921:
3908:French
3902:
3888:
3675:Fisk,
3480:Mahé,
2313:Arafat
2307:, the
2305:SSNP-L
2291:, the
2273:Damour
2224:HQ at
2174:Sunnis
2120:, and
2118:Damour
2061:Arabic
2042:Arabic
2030:Arabic
1999:Ouza'i
1960:(IAF)
1843:-made
1841:Soviet
1839:, ten
1831:BRDM-2
1818:, and
1745:, and
1717:) and
1671:SPAAGs
1529:FN MAG
1525:PK/PKM
1489:FN P35
1446:Vz. 58
1434:FN FAL
1403:MAT-49
1396:Mauser
1384:MAS-36
1326:Arabic
1311:Arabic
1232:Arabic
1192:Israel
1189:
1177:
1147:(PLA)
1058:
1046:
1034:
1013:(OCAL)
968:(PLA)
905:Allies
891:Beirut
822:Beirut
808:, 45%
794:Sunnis
743:Arabic
675:Arabic
585:Arabic
289:vacant
107:Beirut
69:Leader
5406:Fatah
4560:(128)
3828:" in
3791:" in
2607:" in
2549:" in
2458:Notes
2362:Akkar
2321:Syria
2277:Sidon
2242:Druze
2222:Fatah
2122:Jiyeh
2007:Sidon
1991:Chyah
1983:Hamra
1910:MBRLs
1856:SPAAG
1705:, US
1572:RPG-7
1568:RPG-2
1549:DShKM
1513:AA-52
1501:MG 34
1497:DP-28
1481:CZ 75
1450:AK-47
1438:M16A1
1360:Syria
1300:Units
1290:Libya
1278:Sunni
1274:Druze
1249:Fatah
1180:Syria
1061:Egypt
1049:Libya
818:Sunni
814:Druze
806:Sunni
783:Sunni
613:lit.
4737:Lana
4700:(13)
4656:(19)
4647:(38)
4591:(13)
4585:(14)
4579:(17)
4570:(60)
4454:(16)
4444:(24)
4354:(in
4322:(in
4316:ISSN
4301:ISBN
4288:(in
4282:ISSN
4268:ISBN
4254:ISBN
4240:ISBN
4226:ISBN
4212:ISBN
4198:ISBN
4184:ISBN
4167:ISBN
4153:ISBN
4139:ISBN
4124:ISBN
4110:ISBN
4097:(in
4091:ISSN
4068:ISBN
4045:ISBN
4028:ISBN
4008:ISBN
3987:ISBN
3976:) –
3957:ISBN
3943:ISBN
3929:) –
3925:(in
3919:ISBN
3906:(in
3900:ISBN
3886:ISBN
3856:Time
3651:Time
2496:2018
2275:and
2148:The
2112:and
2104:and
1993:and
1944:and
1942:M113
1940:and
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1292:and
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1280:and
1255:and
1253:PFLP
1037:Iraq
897:Size
810:Shia
755:Arab
640:Name
579:The
441:2022
436:2018
431:2009
407:2008
299:list
284:list
95:1957
91:1957
4780:(1)
4774:(1)
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