380:(ADI) had "toppled", meaning that it was still showing the aircraft in a right bank. First Officer Virmani, whose presumably functional AI was now showing a left bank (and not noticing the captain's concern), said, "Mine has also toppled, looks fine." It is believed that the Captain mistakenly took this to mean that both primary AIs were indicating a right bank, in effect confirming what he believed he was seeing. It was after sunset and the aircraft was flying over a dark Arabian Sea, leaving the aircrew unable to visually cross-check their AI instrument readings with the actual horizon outside the cockpit windows.
29:
2499:
2475:
2487:
423:, which manufactured the backup system in a suit related to the crash. Steven C. Marshall, the attorney for Boeing asserted that the crash had been caused by Captain Madan Kukar, who he said was "flying illegally under the influence of diabetic drugs, a condition compounded by his alcoholic intake and dieting in the 24 hours before the flight," and not due to equipment malfunctions. The suit was dismissed in 1986.
395:
to add more left bank and left rudder, causing the Boeing 747 to roll further left into a bank of 108 degrees and rapidly lose altitude. Just 101 seconds after leaving the runway, the jet hit the
Arabian Sea at an estimated 35-degree nose-down angle. There were no survivors among the 190 passengers
383:
The Boeing 747 had a third backup AI in the center instrument panel between the two pilots, and the transcripts of the cockpit conversation showed Flight
Engineer Faria telling the captain, "Don't go by that one, don't go by that one..." trying to direct his attention towards that third AI, or
407:
The investigation concluded that the probable cause was "due to the irrational control inputs by the captain following complete unawareness of the altitude as his ADI had malfunctioned. The crew failed to gain control based on the other flight instruments."
476:
The aircraft was a Boeing 747-200B model; Boeing assigns a unique code for each company that buys one of its aircraft, which is applied as a suffix to the model number at the time the aircraft is built, hence "747-237B" for a Boeing 747-200B built for Air
457:
2519:
776:
793:
1117:
278:, less than two minutes after take-off, killing all 213 passengers and crew on board. An investigation into the crash determined the most likely probable cause was the captain becoming
376:
recovered from the wreckage revealed that
Captain Kukar was the first to notice a problem, when he said, "What's happened here, my instruments ..." The captain was explaining that his
1603:
2524:
341:
was 53-year-old
Alfredo Faria, who joined Air India in 1955 and had 11,000 flight hours, making him one of Air India's most senior flight engineers at the time of the accident.
601:
1677:
751:
2539:
404:
The partially recovered wreckage revealed no evidence of explosion, fire, or any electrical or mechanical failure; and an initial theory of sabotage was ruled out.
1110:
571:
1072:
1596:
1474:
2529:
1103:
668:
2534:
1975:
1969:
1589:
351:
195:
78:
274:, United Arab Emirates. On 1 January 1978, the Boeing 747 operating the flight crashed about 3 km (1.9 mi; 1.6 nmi) off the coast of
1010:
970:
930:
818:
2559:
1431:
1182:
365:
Approximately one minute after takeoff from runway 27, Captain Kukar made a scheduled right turn upon crossing the Bombay coastline over the
369:, after which the aircraft briefly returned to a normal level position. Soon it began rolling to the left, and never regained level flight.
411:
US Federal
District Judge James M. Fitzgerald, in a 139-page decision issued 1 November 1985, rejected charges of negligence against the
2544:
2361:
2240:
1340:
2216:
724:
89:
1797:
2086:
1174:
1827:
1568:
1560:
691:
2554:
1877:
1707:
1415:
1407:
1206:
871:
634:
2006:
1817:
1647:
1517:
844:
323:
was 51-year old Madan Lal Kukar. He had joined Air India in 1956, and was experienced, having almost 18,000 flight hours.
579:
1857:
1657:
1533:
1509:
1241:
1198:
1044:
1613:
1667:
291:
2321:
2069:
1757:
1225:
392:
1066:
2283:
1777:
1552:
452:
63:
2275:
2267:
1747:
1727:
1525:
1482:
1147:
377:
1717:
1501:
1466:
1190:
355:
327:
210:
2465:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2369:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2329:
1957:
1917:
1907:
1787:
1697:
1439:
1423:
1399:
1391:
1383:
1364:
1356:
1332:
1324:
1308:
1289:
1281:
1265:
1249:
1233:
1083:
660:
2452:
2248:
1937:
1687:
752:"New Year's Day tragedy: A Mumbai resident's quest to mark the Emperor Ashoka air crash, 40 years on"
2302:
2177:
1837:
1447:
822:
1897:
1581:
1999:
1807:
1257:
525:
510:
385:
521:
506:
2549:
373:
320:
279:
1767:
436:
432:
182:
1095:
2232:
2224:
2200:
2192:
2184:
2147:
2081:
1947:
1887:
1867:
1737:
1316:
1028:
287:
8:
1166:
350:
The aircraft departed from Bombay's Santa Cruz
Airport (later Sahar Airport, now called
2447:
1992:
1847:
431:
Air India now uses Flight AI909, AI919, and AI983 on this route. They also utilize the
391:
The captain's mistaken perception of the aircraft's attitude resulted in him using the
283:
2108:
725:"Spine Chilling Story Of The Air India Flight That Crashed Within Minutes Of Take Off"
2076:
2031:
1040:
1004:
964:
924:
879:
852:
699:
609:
1033:
1348:
1088:
985:
945:
905:
420:
331:
286:. It was the deadliest air accident both in Air India's and India's history until
2479:
2131:
2126:
2064:
1139:
338:
542:
2103:
1927:
412:
1077:
2513:
2093:
883:
856:
703:
613:
104:
91:
794:"Air-India Boeing 747 crash leaves 213 passengers dead, foul play suspected"
458:
List of aircraft accidents and incidents resulting in at least 50 fatalities
334:
commander who joined Air India in 1976. He had more than 4,500 flight hours.
28:
2503:
2491:
416:
2098:
440:
366:
74:
2036:
303:
129:
2059:
2015:
151:
419:
Inc, the manufacturer of the altitude director indicator, and the
1611:
1062:
692:"FAULTY INSTRUMENT BLAMED FOR '78 AIR INDIA CRASH (Published 1982)"
282:
and losing control of the aircraft after the failure of one of the
2498:
543:"Bandra needs to remember 40 years of the 'Bandstand Air Crash'"
872:"JUDGE CLEARS BOEING IN CRASH THAT KILLED 213 (Published 1985)"
308:
275:
267:
199:
140:
82:
2520:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by instrument failure
1125:
359:
271:
214:
1984:
33:
VT-EBD, the aircraft involved in the accident, seen in 1977
388:, just five seconds before the aircraft impacted the sea.
819:"Sensory Illusions, a Case Study: Air India Flight 855"
2525:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error
2463:
986:"Live Flight Tracker - Real-Time Flight Tracker Map"
946:"Live Flight Tracker - Real-Time Flight Tracker Map"
906:"Live Flight Tracker - Real-Time Flight Tracker Map"
315:
The flight crew consisted of the following persons:
661:"Crash of a Boeing 747-237B off Mumbai: 213 killed"
302:The aircraft involved, manufactured in 1971, was a
1032:
352:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport
2540:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 747
2511:
421:Collins Radio division of Rockwell International
1073:Pre-crash photos of 747 VT-EBD at airliners.net
1475:Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister helicopter crash
2000:
1597:
1111:
1065:, which includes a discussion of the crash. (
845:"Theory on Air India Crash Backed by a Pilot"
1027:
602:"213 Feared Dead as Jet Hits Sea Off Bombay"
1031:(1998). "Chapter Four: On A Bombay Night".
1009:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
969:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
929:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2007:
1993:
1604:
1590:
1118:
1104:
572:"Air India jet crashes just after takeoff"
27:
2530:Aviation accidents and incidents in India
1126:Aviation accidents and incidents in India
983:
943:
903:
667:. Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives.
566:
564:
384:perhaps to another instrument called the
2535:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1978
1798:LOT Polish Airlines Flight 165 hijacking
1432:Pakistan Breguet 1150 Atlantic shootdown
653:
345:
537:
535:
533:
330:was 43-year-old Indu Virmani, a former
2512:
1035:Inside the Sky: A Meditation on Flight
869:
689:
561:
266:was a scheduled passenger flight from
1988:
1828:Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182
1585:
1569:Chetak Helicopter Crash at INS Garuda
1099:
791:
502:
500:
498:
496:
494:
1708:Balkan Bulgarian Airlines Flight 107
1341:Indian Air Force An-32 disappearance
1207:Garuda Indonesian Airways Flight 892
530:
297:
1648:Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314
870:Witkin, Richard (1 November 1985).
821:. 10 September 2021. Archived from
769:
635:"India jet disintegrates, 213 dead"
522:Accident description for HZ-AIH
507:Accident description for VT-EBD
13:
1021:
749:
627:
594:
491:
14:
2571:
2545:Air India accidents and incidents
1054:
671:from the original on 22 June 2019
2560:History of Mumbai (1947–present)
2497:
2485:
2473:
1614:Aviation accidents and incidents
1561:Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash
690:Witkin, Richard (30 June 1982).
399:
1668:Continental Airlines Flight 603
1416:Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision
1408:Indira Gandhi Airport collision
1175:United Arab Airlines Flight 869
977:
937:
897:
863:
837:
811:
785:
743:
717:
292:Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision
1818:Air Ceylon Avro HS 748 bombing
1518:UY Aviation King Air C90 crash
1226:1971 Indian Airlines hijacking
683:
515:
470:
393:aircraft flight control system
1:
2014:
1778:Helikopter Service Flight 165
1553:Air India Express Flight 1344
484:
453:Sensory illusions in aviation
1858:Finnish Air Force DC-3 crash
1728:National Airlines Flight 193
1658:British Army Gazelle downing
1534:Indian Air Force An-32 crash
1526:Air India Express Flight 611
1510:Indian Air Force An-32 crash
1483:Air India Express Flight 812
1199:Indian Air Force An-32 crash
426:
378:attitude direction indicator
7:
2555:January 1978 events in Asia
1718:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
1191:Gujarat Beechcraft incident
1183:Poonch IAF helicopter crash
446:
356:Dubai International Airport
211:Dubai International Airport
10:
2576:
1958:United Airlines Flight 173
1918:Indian Airlines Flight 410
1908:Indian Airlines Flight 403
1788:Olympic Airways Flight 411
1698:United Airlines Flight 696
1440:Indian Airlines Flight 814
1424:Indian Airlines Flight 503
1400:Indian Airlines Flight 491
1392:Indian Airlines Flight 427
1384:Indian Airlines Flight 257
1365:Indian Airlines Flight 605
1357:Indian Airlines Flight 113
1333:Indian Airlines Flight 421
1325:Indian Airlines Flight 405
1309:Indian Airlines Flight 423
1290:Indian Airlines Flight 410
1282:Indian Airlines Flight 403
1266:Indian Airlines Flight 171
1250:Indian Airlines Flight 440
1242:Japan Air Lines Flight 472
1234:Japan Air Lines Flight 471
639:United Press International
312:and registered as VT-EBD.
2440:
2313:
2294:
2259:
2169:
2160:
2140:
2119:
2052:
2045:
2024:
1967:
1938:Cessna 188 Pacific rescue
1758:Iranian Chinook shootdown
1688:China Airlines Flight 831
1629:
1544:
1493:
1458:
1375:
1300:
1217:
1158:
1131:
253:
245:
237:
229:
221:
206:
191:
181:
173:
165:
157:
147:
135:
125:
120:
77:, 3 km (1.9 mls) west of
70:
58:
43:
38:
26:
1838:Air Caribbean Flight 309
1448:Alliance Air Flight 7412
463:
270:(now Mumbai), India, to
47:1 January 1978
1878:Valentich disappearance
1808:Air Rhodesia Flight 825
1748:Yegoryevsk Tu-144 crash
1148:Dan-Air Avro York crash
1039:. USA: Pantheon Books.
526:Aviation Safety Network
511:Aviation Safety Network
433:Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner
386:turn and bank indicator
354:). The destination was
1502:Pawan Hans Mi-17 crash
1467:Jalandhar MiG-21 crash
374:cockpit voice recorder
217:, United Arab Emirates
16:1978 aviation accident
1898:Loftleiðir Flight 001
1768:Air Canada Flight 189
1063:Design Induced Errors
1029:Langewiesche, William
396:and 23 crew members.
346:History of the flight
280:spatially disoriented
2178:Korangi Creek (1947)
1948:Alitalia Flight 4128
1888:Aeroflot Flight 6515
1868:Aeroflot Flight 1080
1738:Aeroflot Flight 6709
1638:Air India Flight 855
1317:Air India Flight 403
1274:Air India Flight 855
781:. The Command. 1980.
264:Air India Flight 855
22:Air India Flight 855
1976:► 1979
1970:1977 ◄
1678:LAV HS 748 accident
1167:Alitalia Flight 771
1079:Recovery operations
825:on 17 December 2021
606:The Washington Post
101: /
23:
2448:Air India building
1973:
1848:Finnair Flight 405
1258:Nepal plane hijack
876:The New York Times
849:The New York Times
696:The New York Times
608:. 2 January 1978.
284:flight instruments
136:Aircraft name
126:Aircraft type
105:18.975°N 72.1592°E
62:Crashed following
21:
2461:
2460:
2436:
2435:
2260:Air India Express
2156:
2155:
2077:Air India Express
2032:Air India Limited
1982:
1981:
1579:
1578:
851:. 21 April 1985.
792:Santhanam, Raju.
298:Aircraft and crew
290:in 1985 and then
261:
260:
196:Santacruz Airport
79:Santacruz Airport
2567:
2502:
2501:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2469:
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2397:
2389:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2333:
2325:
2306:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2252:
2244:
2236:
2228:
2220:
2212:
2204:
2196:
2188:
2180:
2167:
2166:
2050:
2049:
2018:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1974:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1572:
1564:
1556:
1537:
1529:
1521:
1513:
1505:
1486:
1478:
1477:(September 2009)
1470:
1451:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1387:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1351:(September 1986)
1349:Pan Am Flight 73
1344:
1336:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1311:(September 1981)
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1244:(September 1972)
1237:
1229:
1210:
1202:
1194:
1193:(September 1965)
1186:
1178:
1170:
1151:
1143:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1089:Associated Press
1080:
1050:
1038:
1015:
1014:
1008:
1000:
998:
996:
981:
975:
974:
968:
960:
958:
956:
941:
935:
934:
928:
920:
918:
916:
901:
895:
894:
892:
890:
867:
861:
860:
841:
835:
834:
832:
830:
815:
809:
808:
806:
804:
789:
783:
782:
773:
767:
766:
764:
762:
750:Johari, Aarefa.
747:
741:
740:
738:
736:
721:
715:
714:
712:
710:
687:
681:
680:
678:
676:
657:
651:
650:
648:
646:
641:. 2 January 1978
631:
625:
624:
622:
620:
598:
592:
591:
589:
587:
578:. Archived from
568:
559:
558:
556:
554:
539:
528:
519:
513:
504:
478:
474:
332:Indian Air Force
116:
115:
113:
112:
111:
106:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
54:
52:
31:
24:
20:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2474:
2472:
2464:
2462:
2457:
2432:
2424:
2416:
2408:
2400:
2392:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2336:
2328:
2320:
2314:Indian Airlines
2309:
2301:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2176:
2162:
2152:
2136:
2132:Indian Airlines
2127:Air India Cargo
2115:
2041:
2020:
2016:
2013:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1635:
1625:
1619:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1580:
1575:
1571:(November 2023)
1567:
1559:
1551:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1489:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1454:
1446:
1442:(December 1999)
1438:
1430:
1422:
1418:(November 1996)
1414:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1371:
1367:(February 1990)
1363:
1355:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1315:
1307:
1296:
1292:(December 1978)
1288:
1284:(December 1978)
1280:
1272:
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1213:
1205:
1201:(February 1968)
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1154:
1146:
1140:BOAC Flight 783
1138:
1127:
1124:
1078:
1057:
1047:
1024:
1022:Further reading
1019:
1018:
1002:
1001:
994:
992:
984:Flightradar24.
982:
978:
962:
961:
954:
952:
944:Flightradar24.
942:
938:
922:
921:
914:
912:
904:Flightradar24.
902:
898:
888:
886:
868:
864:
843:
842:
838:
828:
826:
817:
816:
812:
802:
800:
790:
786:
775:
774:
770:
760:
758:
748:
744:
734:
732:
723:
722:
718:
708:
706:
688:
684:
674:
672:
659:
658:
654:
644:
642:
633:
632:
628:
618:
616:
600:
599:
595:
585:
583:
582:on 4 March 2018
570:
569:
562:
552:
550:
541:
540:
531:
520:
516:
505:
492:
487:
482:
481:
475:
471:
466:
449:
441:Airbus A350-900
429:
402:
348:
339:flight engineer
304:Boeing 747-237B
300:
166:ICAO flight No.
158:IATA flight No.
130:Boeing 747-237B
110:18.975; 72.1592
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
87:
86:
64:loss of control
50:
48:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2573:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2507:
2506:
2494:
2482:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2422:
2414:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2326:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2280:
2272:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2245:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2213:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2171:
2164:
2161:Accidents and
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2089:
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2148:Alliance Air
2109:destinations
2087:destinations
2070:destinations
1637:
1504:(April 2011)
1410:(March 1994)
1402:(April 1993)
1394:(April 1993)
1343:(March 1986)
1273:
1087:
1034:
993:. Retrieved
989:
979:
953:. Retrieved
949:
939:
913:. Retrieved
909:
899:
887:. Retrieved
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865:
848:
839:
827:. Retrieved
823:the original
813:
801:. Retrieved
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733:. Retrieved
728:
719:
707:. Retrieved
695:
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673:. Retrieved
664:
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643:. Retrieved
638:
629:
617:. Retrieved
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596:
584:. Retrieved
580:the original
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551:. Retrieved
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417:Lear Siegler
410:
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382:
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364:
349:
314:
307:
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263:
262:
183:Registration
177:AIRINDIA 855
139:
18:
2303:Flight 7412
2284:Flight 1344
2099:AIX Connect
2053:Operational
1536:(June 2019)
1520:(June 2018)
1512:(July 2016)
1450:(July 2000)
1426:(July 1998)
1327:(July 1984)
1319:(June 1982)
1260:(June 1973)
1236:(June 1972)
1185:(July 1963)
1177:(July 1963)
1169:(July 1962)
889:11 November
829:17 December
798:India Today
761:11 November
735:11 November
709:11 November
645:11 November
619:11 November
576:HISTORY.com
367:Arabian Sea
207:Destination
108: /
75:Arabian Sea
2514:Categories
2426:Flight 814
2418:Flight 503
2410:Flight 491
2402:Flight 427
2394:Flight 257
2386:Flight 605
2378:Flight 113
2370:Flight 421
2362:Flight 405
2354:Flight 423
2346:Flight 410
2338:Flight 171
2330:Flight 440
2276:Flight 611
2268:Flight 812
2249:Flight 112
2241:Flight 301
2233:Flight 182
2225:Flight 403
2217:Flight 232
2209:Flight 855
2201:Flight 101
2193:Flight 300
2185:Flight 245
2037:Tata Group
1485:(May 2010)
1469:(May 2002)
1252:(May 1973)
1209:(May 1968)
1150:(May 1958)
1142:(May 1953)
485:References
439:, and the
288:Flight 182
246:Fatalities
230:Passengers
96:72°09′33″E
93:18°58′30″N
51:1978-01-01
2322:Hijacking
2170:Air India
2163:incidents
2060:Air India
2017:Air India
995:16 August
955:16 August
915:16 August
884:0362-4331
857:0362-4331
756:Scroll.in
704:0362-4331
614:0190-8286
427:Aftermath
294:in 1996.
254:Survivors
222:Occupants
174:Call sign
152:Air India
2480:Aviation
2046:Services
1005:cite web
965:cite web
925:cite web
669:Archived
553:30 April
447:See also
148:Operator
121:Aircraft
85:, India
66:at night
39:Accident
2466:Portals
2120:Defunct
1618: (
1616:in 1978
1091:Archive
1084:YouTube
1067:Archive
586:3 March
524:at the
509:at the
321:captain
202:, India
59:Summary
49: (
2441:Others
2428:(1999)
2420:(1998)
2412:(1993)
2404:(1993)
2396:(1991)
2388:(1990)
2380:(1988)
2372:(1984)
2364:(1984)
2356:(1981)
2348:(1978)
2340:(1976)
2332:(1973)
2324:(1971)
2305:(2000)
2286:(2020)
2278:(2018)
2270:(2010)
2251:(1986)
2243:(1985)
2235:(1985)
2227:(1982)
2219:(1981)
2211:(1978)
2203:(1966)
2195:(1955)
2187:(1950)
2141:Former
2025:Parent
1954:Dec 28
1944:Dec 23
1934:Dec 22
1924:Dec 21
1914:Dec 20
1904:Dec 17
1894:Nov 15
1884:Oct 23
1874:Oct 21
1844:Sep 30
1834:Sep 26
1824:Sep 25
1794:Aug 30
1774:Jun 26
1764:Jun 26
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1714:Apr 20
1704:Mar 16
1694:Mar 13
1654:Feb 17
1644:Feb 11
1043:
882:
855:
803:25 May
702:
675:4 July
612:
477:India.
435:, the
306:named
276:Bandra
268:Bombay
200:Bombay
187:VT-EBD
169:AIC855
83:Bombay
2504:1970s
2492:India
2104:fleet
2082:fleet
2065:fleet
1864:Oct 7
1854:Oct 3
1814:Sep 7
1804:Sep 3
1784:Aug 9
1724:May 8
1684:Mar 9
1674:Mar 3
1664:Mar 1
1634:Jan 1
1545:2020s
1494:2010s
1459:2000s
1376:1990s
1301:1980s
1218:1970s
1159:1960s
1132:1950s
1086:from
547:Issuu
464:Notes
360:Dubai
272:Dubai
215:Dubai
161:AI855
1620:1978
1041:ISBN
1011:link
997:2024
971:link
957:2024
931:link
917:2024
891:2020
880:ISSN
853:ISSN
831:2021
805:2020
763:2020
737:2020
711:2020
700:ISSN
677:2021
647:2020
621:2020
610:ISSN
588:2018
555:2018
372:The
337:The
326:The
319:The
238:Crew
198:,
71:Site
44:Date
1082:on
415:,
358:in
249:213
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