African Americans in Omaha, Nebraska

3394: 4314: 4941: 4633: 4469: 4659: 3716: 5015: 2008: 2414: 2247: 3075: 2929: 2608:(which was estimated to be 50 years old in the late 1930s), Aloha Club, Entre Nous Club, the Beau Brummels Club, the Dames Club, the Jolly Twenty Club, the Trojan Club, and the Quack Club. Important locations included the North Side YWCA. This influential organization, starting in 1920, was located in a house at 2306 N. 22nd Street The African-American community in Omaha also supported the Old Colored Folks' Home, which was organized in 1913. In 1923 they received funds from the city's "Community Chest" fund, with which they purchased a building. 4524: 1797:, are central to the development and growth of the 43rd largest city in the United States. While population statistics show almost constantly increasing percentages of Black people living in the city since it was founded in 1854, Black people in Omaha have not been represented equitably in the city's political, social, cultural, economic or educational circumstances since. In the 2020s, the city's African American population is transforming the city's landscape through community investment, leadership and other initiatives. 9926: 3878: 4855: 9814: 8791: 5054: 1741: 3165:, built during the Depression, with an addition completed in 1941, to improve working class housing in North Omaha, was closed to African Americans through the 1950s. Even in the 1940s, housing was so overcrowded in the area that some families stayed at the projects although their income exceeded the limits, because they couldn't find housing elsewhere. With civil rights challenges, the segregation policy that kept African Americans out of public housing changed in the 1960s. 10131: 4053: 3249: 5040: 3967: 4993: 2334: 3679: 4026: 2134:

1940s, "On the surface the black community appeared quite stable. Its center was a several-block district north of the downtown. There were over a hundred black-owned businesses, and there were a number of black physicians, dentists, and attorneys. Over twenty fraternal organizations and clubs flourished. Church life was diverse. Of more than forty denominations, Methodists and Baptists predominated."

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low-income African Americans in the country. Census data from 2000 in Douglas County show more than 7,800 families live below the poverty line, about 6.7 percent of families. The percentage of black children in Omaha who live in poverty rank ranks number one in the United States, with nearly six of 10 black kids living below the poverty line. Only one other metropolitan area in the U.S.,

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Migration, in 1920 Omaha had the second-largest black population, after Los Angeles. The rapid pace of growth alarmed some people in the city, which was also absorbing thousands of new eastern and southern European immigrants. People were concerned about social problems: labor unrest following strikes in 1917, and the return of veterans looking for work after World War I.

3125:, 20 of the victims were white and 16 of the assailants were identified as black, while only one of the victims was black. A separate newspaper warned that vigilante committees would be formed if the "respectable colored population could not purge those from the Negro community who were assaulting white girls." During the ensuing 2505:

wagons were in use when he was assigned to the old No. 11 Station at Thirtieth and Spaulding Streets. He later served at the No. 4 Station at Sixteenth and Izard Streets. He retired as senior captain from the Omaha Fire Department in 1933. His son Richard N. Greer served as a volunteer for the fire department in the 1950s.

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on June 24, 1969. Young African Americans in the area rioted in response to the teenager's death, with looting along the North 24th Street business corridor. During this initial surge, eight businesses were destroyed by firebombing or looting. Rioting went on for several more days. This is the last

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and her husband S. E. Gilbert in 1938. Brown is believed to be the first female, and certainly the first African-American woman, to have founded a newspaper in the nation's history. She managed the paper for the rest of her life. Since 1945 the paper was the only one representing the black community

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organized the first fair in the United States for African-American exhibitors and attendees. The 2000 US Census recorded 51,910 African Americans as living in Omaha (over 13% of the city's population). In the 19th century, the growing city of Omaha attracted ambitious people making new lives, such as

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Railroads and the meatpacking industry recruited African American workers from the South. From 1910 to 1920, the African-American population of Omaha doubled from 4,426 to 10,315, making up five percent of Omaha's population. Of the western cities which were new destinations for blacks of the Great

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was the Leading Colored Republican of the Western States Meet in Conference. In 1906, he was appointed as the City Weights and Measures Inspector by J. C. Dalhman, Mayor of Omaha 1910. Pegg held the post for 10 years until his death in 1916. He encouraged and sponsored many of the black settlers who

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Omaha has the fifth-highest African-American poverty rate among the nation's 100 largest cities, with more than one in three black residents in Omaha living below the poverty line. The city ranks number one in the United States by the number of black children that live in poverty, with nearly six of

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in the city. One of these stations was located at 20th and Lake Streets. One of the first African-American firefighters in Omaha was James C. Greer, Sr. who was a member of the Omaha Fire Department from May 5, 1906, to August 1, 1933, and was a captain in the department for many years. Horse-drawn

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for the City Council. He finished 18th in a field of 23 candidates running at-large for nine of 18 council seats. In 1973 and 1977, Fred Conley ran for the Omaha City Council in the at-large format and each time finished 18th – just as Overall did some 70 years earlier. At-large elections were won

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to Omaha during a strike in 1877. Black barbers organized the first labor union in Omaha, and went on strike in Omaha in 1887 after they deemed it "unprofessional to work beside white competitors". Arriving in 1890, Dr. Stephenson was the first African-American physician in Omaha and the start of a

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became the first African American to be appointed to a cabinet level position in the Nebraska governor's office, budget director of the state of Nebraska in 1952. Prior to that he had been active in Omaha civil rights and was an assessor and on the tax appraisal board of Douglas County. In 1955 he

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Several accounts attribute the decline of the African-American cultural scene in North Omaha to the riots of the 1960s and 70s. Television also took away from local entertainment. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been a resurgence in interest in this vibrant period, with cultural and

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The African-American community in North Omaha was anchored with numerous important social clubs. According to one report from the 1930s, "There are today in Omaha alone some twenty-five clubs and societies with a total membership of over two thousand." These groups included the Pleasant Hour Club

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The first step towards integration in Omaha's Fire Department came in 1940, when an African-American firefighter was assigned to the city's Bureau of Fire Prevention and Inspection. By the 1950s, the city had two companies of African-American firefighters. Omaha's Fire Department was integrated in

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in North Omaha and a similar project in South Omaha. Both were intended to improve housing for the large working-class community, whose majority then were immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe and their descendants. With job losses and demographic changes accelerating in the late 1950s and

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From 1910 to the 1950s, Omaha was a destination for African Americans during the Great Migration from the American South. An African-American cultural expansion flourished beginning in the 1920s, part of a larger boom time in the Prohibition era. A late 20th-century documentary reported about the

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in the 1960s. During this period, activists worked both for local and national changes; they contributed to improving conditions for African Americans in Omaha. Mid-century massive restructuring in railroads and the meatpacking industry cost the city more than 10,000 jobs. African Americans were

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The director of a statewide poverty advocacy group was quoted as saying in 2007: "In Omaha, you start talking about low-income issues, people assume you're talking about minority issues..." As of October 2007, the city of Omaha, the 42nd largest in the country, has the fifth highest percentage of

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put down the riot. They reestablished control and were stationed in South Omaha, to prevent any more mobs from forming, and in North Omaha at 24th and Lake streets "to prevent any further murders of black citizens. Orders were issued that any citizen with a gun faced immediate arrest. All blacks

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and from 1910 to 1920, the African-American population in Omaha doubled to more than 10,000, as new migrants were attracted by jobs in the expanding meatpacking industry. More than 70 percent were from the South. Of western cities, in 1920 only Los Angeles had a greater population of blacks than

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attacked gender restrictions and organized to expand opportunities in industry for black women. UMPWA helped African Americans extend their political power and gain an end to segregation in retail places in the 1950s. After all this progress, however, the loss of more than 10,000 jobs due to

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Early African American neighborhoods in Omaha included Casey's Row, a community of housing for African-American families, most of whose men worked as railroad porters at the nearby Union Pacific Railroad. The steady jobs on the railroads were considered good work, even if some men had greater

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requested their dispersal they responded violently. After demolishing police cars, the mob roamed the North 24th Street business corridor for hours, throwing firebombs and demolishing storefronts. After three days of rioting, millions of dollars of damage was reported by affected businesses.

2019:, they lived dispersed throughout the city. By 1880 there were nearly 800 black residents, many recruited by Union Pacific Railroad as strikebreakers. By 1884 there three black churches had been founded. By 1900 there were 3,443 black residents, in a total city population of 102,555. 2441:

In 1981, after City Council elections were changed to be based on district representation, Conley became the first African American elected. He served until 1989. In 1992, Carol Woods Harris became the first African American elected to the Douglas County Board and served until 2004.

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was lynched at the Douglas County Courthouse, accused as a suspect for allegedly attacking a young girl. While little is known about Smith, reports of the incident described a mob dragging Smith from his cell, before any court trial, and hanging him from a nearby street post.

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tended to sensational journalism, adding to tensions in the city as it highlighted alleged crimes committed by blacks. The migration of African Americans to Omaha and the hiring of black workers created a source of friction in the local labor market. Blacks had been hired as

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in September, a white ethnic mob from South Omaha took over the Douglas County Courthouse. The white rioters lynched Willy Brown, an accused packinghouse worker. They then tried to attack blacks on the street and move against the community in North Omaha. Soldiers from

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plummeted in the 1970s, while the enrollment of black students during the same period rose from 21% to 30%, primarily due to the loss of white students. In the 1990s the Omaha Housing Authority adopted a scattered site housing plan, eventually destroying several of the

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From a slow start in the late 19th century, in the mid-20th century on, African Americans began to win more seats and appointments in politics, with their participation steadily growing. More people obtained higher education and entered professional middle classes.

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led to the injury of dozens of protesters. An African-American youth was shot and killed by a police officer during the melee, and fleeing students caused thousands of dollars of damage to businesses and cars. The following day a local barber named

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reinforced their staying there without options for years to move to newer housing. In the 1930s and 1940s African Americans were part of successful interracial organizing teams in the meatpacking industry. They succeeded in creating the integrated

2283:, the first African-American fair held in the United States took place in Omaha, July 3–4, 1894. Their study reports: "Only Negro-owned horses were entered in the races, and all exhibits were restricted to articles made or owned by Negroes." 2704:

The Ritz Theater was opened in the mid-1930s at 2041 North 24th Street, near Patrick Avenue. It was specifically designated an "African-American theater" with seating for 548 people. It was closed in the 1950s and has since been demolished.

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became the city's second African American elected to the state legislature. Chambers has won every election since then, and in 2007 became the longest-serving Nebraska Senator in history. In 2005 the Nebraska State Legislature approved a

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The history of African Americans and music in Omaha is long and varied. The black music community was first organized in the early 20th century by Josiah Waddle, one of Omaha's first barbers. After teaching himself to play a number of

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The massive loss of industrial jobs changed the nature of families and the issues in public housing. Although the Logan Fontenelle projects were first built for working families, they came to be dominated by the unemployed. Other

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effectively ended for decades the ability of African Americans to buy or rent outside North Omaha. Originally built in the 1930s, Omaha housing projects were intended for occupancy without reference to race. A 1937 report from the

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Black men and women quickly formed social and community organizations, such as the Women's Club in 1895, devoted to education, respectability and reform. In addition, the community began to create its own newspapers, such as the

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reported that residents included "both black and white occupants and there are 284 units. There is no distinct segregation of the whites from the blacks but individual buildings will be confined to either Negro or white." The

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At the turn of the 20th century, two African-American physicians, doctors Riddle and Madison, opened a hospital for African Americans. Citizens could not afford the facility and it failed financially. Reared in Omaha,

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spoke there as well. Other venues included Jim Bell's Harlem, opened in 1935 on Lake Street, west of 24th; McGill's Blue Room, located at 24th and Lake, and; Allen's Showcase Lounge, which was located at 24th and Lake.

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Museum. One report says, "Henry Daniel Smith, born in Maryland in 1835, still living in Omaha in 1913 and working at his trade of broom-maker, was one escaped slave who entered Nebraska via the Underground Railroad."

3346:." The inability of government money to solve the problems of Omaha's African American community was accented by white flight. The city's schools were greatly affected by racial unrest. Consequential to the 1971 2449:

since 1950 when attorney Elizabeth Davis Pittman was elected. De facto school segregation, however, persisted in Omaha long after that date with school boundaries tailored to match residential areas, which had

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helped calm a disturbance and prevent a riot by students at Horace Mann Junior High School. Chambers was already recognized as a community leader. After finishing his law degree, Chambers was elected to the

2190:. Properties for rent and sale were restricted on the basis of race, with the primary intent of keeping the Near North Side "black" and the rest of the city "white". These agreements were held in place with 6232: 6212: 6149: 3031:, located on North 24th Street, was called the "Black City Hall" during its existence from 1954 to 2003. Today, Omaha's African-American community celebrates its heritage in numerous ways. The biennial 1805:

First recorded in the Omaha area in 1804, Black people have been present throughout the community for more than 220 years. Black people are first recorded arriving in the area that became the city when

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in Omaha and the only black paper being printed in the state. Today the paper has a circulation of more than 30,000, is distributed to the 48 continental states, and is being managed by her niece.

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as Haywood Hall to parents who were former slaves. In 1913 his father was beaten by a white gang at the South Omaha meatpacking plant where he worked, forcing the family to move from the city. The

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went by wagon out to Cherry County, Nebraska, to homestead benefiting from The Kincaid Homestead Act of 1904, where a black colony was established and where his brother, Charles T. Pegg, lived.

8170: 6468: 5345: 2912:, were friends while they grew up and played together. They collaborated throughout their lives, and while they were playing with the greatest names in rock and roll, jazz, R&B andfFunk. 2426: 1887: 1548: 7911: 3649:

Lawyer, state legislator, served in last session of the Nebraska House of Representatives and was only black member of first session of Nebraska unicameral in 1937 where he served until 1941

2309:, teaching there for six years from 1899 through 1905. The first film company controlled by Black filmmakers was founded in Omaha in the summer of 1915. George and Noble Johnson founded the 2210:

African Americans. By the early first decade of the 21st century, each of these facilities was torn down and replaced with public housing schemes featuring mixed-income and supporting uses.

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Note: Denver then had only 6,075. This definition excludes cities in Texas with blacks, as the state population was 25 percent black, mostly enslaved, before the Civil War. Quintard Taylor,

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in 1917, and there was a major strike among white workers in 1919. The immigrant workers in the meatpacking industry resented the strikebreakers. Economic pressure exacerbated hostilities.

8856: 1842:, an African-American barber from North Omaha's 11th District, became the longest serving state senator in Nebraska history in 2005 after serving in the unicameral for more than 35 years. 1480: 2971:. It was the longest lived of any of the early African-American newspapers published in Omaha. The best known and most widely read of all African-American newspapers in the city was the 1558: 9015: 8175: 3440:

and local television stations blamed African Americans for the conditions they faced in their deteriorating neighborhoods during this period. Three buildings were firebombed, and 180

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December 5, 1938. U.S. Work Projects Administration, Federal Writers' Project (Folklore Project, Life Histories, 1936–39); Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved 7/4/07.

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in North Omaha. Local leaders continued to struggle against racism. North Omaha was marred by race-related violence and de facto segregation throughout the 20th century. When the

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neighborhood. It was the first church for African Americans in Nebraska. The first recorded birth of an African American in Omaha occurred in 1872, when William Leper was born.

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Lawyer, minister, presiding elder of AME church, state legislator, only black member of Nebraska unicameral for much of his tenure from 1949 to 1962 (father of John Adams, Jr.)

3516:. It includes material related to the history of black homesteaders on the plains, as well as the more numerous urbanites based chiefly in Omaha, the major city of the state. 196: 1838:

was the first African American to be admitted to the bar in Nebraska. In 1892 Dr. Ricketts was also the first African American to be elected to the Nebraska State Legislature.

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U.S. Work Projects Administration, Federal Writers' Project (Folklore Project, Life Histories, 1936–39); Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. Retrieved October 29, 2007.

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particularly affected by the loss of industrial jobs. Those who could migrated for work in other areas and problems increased among the remaining population in North Omaha.

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Dentist, member of Nebraska state legislature 1927–1928, known as "the militant dentist" in Jamaica, New York, after moving there in 1933, important member of the 1941–1947

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for young African-American women through the early 1960s, at which they were "introduced" to adult society. Formed in 1918, the War Camp Community Service became the local

2529: 2291: 1997: 2566:, which opened in 1954 as an integrated congregation. Omaha had several interesting examples of integration in its churches, including those featured the documentary film 8921: 8906: 255: 207: 3121:

caused one Omaha newspaper to run a front page declaration that 21 Omaha women reported that they were assaulted from early June to late September 1919. In an example of

9769: 8861: 1553: 1505: 46: 2837:, Waddle pulled together Omaha's first African American band in 1902. In 1917 he brought together the first women's band in Omaha. One of his most famous students was 5222: 3805: 3426:

On July 4, 1966, the temperature soared to 103 degrees. A crowd of African Americans gathered at the intersection of North 24th and Lake Streets in the evening. When

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Because of its industrial jobs with the railroads and meatpacking industries, Omaha was the city on the Plains that attracted the most African-American migrants from

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Starting in 1920, the Colored Commercial Club organized to help blacks in Omaha secure employment and to encourage business enterprises among African Americans. The

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Preston Love describing the North Omaha jazz scene, as quoted in McMahan, T. (2000), "Sharing the Love: An interview with Omaha Jazz great Preston Love." Lazy-I.com

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finding aid and digital collection, digitized by Archives and Special Collections, University of Nebraska at Omaha Libraries; original held by History Nebraska.

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to produce films for African-American audiences. Noble was a small-time actor; George worked for the post office. Noble Johnson was president of the company;

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boasted a vibrant African-American entertainment district, featuring both local and nationally known musicians. The most important venue in the area was the

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newspaper reported that as many as 500 "Negro" workers, mostly from Chicago and East St. Louis, arrived in Omaha to seek employment in the packinghouses. The

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has operated since the late 19th century and has evolved numerous times as different ethnic groups succeeded each other in the neighborhood. North Omaha's

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were the heart of the city's African-American cultural and business community, with a thriving jazz and rhythm & blues scene that attracted top-flight

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continues to highlight Omaha's contentious legacy of racism. As of 2017, a majority of Omaha's African-American population still lives in North Omaha.

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North Omaha used to be a hub for black jazz musicians, 'the triple-A league' where national bands would go to find a player to fill out their ensemble.

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is a week-long celebration including picnics, family reunions and a large parade. Also held on a biennial calendar is the induction ceremony for the

1520: 1400: 81: 8153: 5325: 3890: 3174: 2533: 6079: 2464:. In 2003 Thomas Warren, Brenda Council's brother, was appointed by Mayor Mike Fahey as the city's first African-American Chief of Police for the 8701: 7941: 3523:, devised as a series of activities to celebrate black history in the city. In addition to being a labor organizer in meatpacking in the 1940s, 2776:

Band who, in 1931, became the first Omaha band to record. A Lloyd Hunter concert poster can be seen on display at the Community Center in nearby

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stayed at Myrtle Washington's at 22nd and Willis, while others stayed at Charlie Trimble's at 22nd and Seward. Early North Omaha bands included

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was torn down in 1996. Today public housing is scattered throughout Omaha and often combined with market rate housing and community amenities.

2151:, is where the majority of African Americans have lived in Omaha for almost 100 years. Originally the community had mostly European immigrants: 9659: 9389: 9247: 8770: 8745: 4443: 3902: 2612: 2599:

Mt Moriah Baptist Church now houses the Moriah Heritage Center which contains a digital history of the African American Church in North Omaha.

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structural changes in the railroad and meatpacking industries in the 1960s sharply reduced opportunities for the working-class communities.

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union and gained an end to segregated jobs in the industry. The union helped support integration of public facilities in the 1950s and the

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showed 81 "Negroes" in Nebraska, ten of whom were accounted for as slaves. At that time, the majority of the population lived in Omaha and

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in North Omaha in 1974. Located at 2213 Lake Street, the museum is home to Omaha's only African-American history collection. The annual

8513: 8285: 6688: 6638: 6024: 5435: 2799:. There were many African-American churches, social and civic clubs, formal dances for young people, and many other cultural activities. 1455: 1435: 2460:, a former member of the Omaha School Board and the City Council, narrowly lost the 1997 mayoral election, losing by 700 votes to Mayor 1866:

was founded in Omaha. It was the first film company owned by African Americans. Like several other major industrial cities during the "

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also reflected later de facto segregation. A concentration of problems here and in other cities led the City of Omaha, along with the

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as a saxophonist. After traveling the world, Love came back to North Omaha and founded his own band. He also joined the staff of the

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despite their integration attempts. Optional attendance zones, the location of new schools, and feeder patterns were found to enhance

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led the chapter in 1950, tripling its membership. Eventually, he would take over the national leadership of the Urban League in 1961.

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In July 1910 racial tension flared towards the African-American community after a tremendous upset victory by African-American boxer

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North Omaha has a contentious history between whites and African Americans that is predicated on racism. In 1891 an African American

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Mr. John Grant Pegg Realizes Fond Dream, Lincoln Journal Star (Lincoln, Nebraska) 8 Aug 1912, page 9, accessed January 20, 2018 at

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Stockyards in the 1920s. Along with the rest of the working class, they suffered setbacks during layoffs in the Great Depression.

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and settled in North Omaha to set up his practice. In 1892, Dr. Ricketts was the first African American elected to a seat in the

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African Americans also built a "Colored Old Folks Home" in North Omaha in the 1910s and sustained it for a long period of time.

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Civil servant, NAACP state chairman, first black person to achieve a cabinet level position in the Nebraska governor's office

1957:, the first free black person to live in Omaha was Sally Bayne, who moved to Omaha in 1854. A clause in the original proposed 9679: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9168: 8723: 8681: 8493: 7041: 6907: 6902: 6787: 6769:

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History in Charlotte, NC.

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There have been several different organizations formed to commemorate the history of Omaha's African Americans. In the 1960s

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Riots erupted again on August 1, 1966, after a 19-year-old was shot by a white, off-duty policeman during a burglary. The

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was an important figure in Omaha's African-American community. After playing in Towles' and Hunter's bands, Love joined

2857: 2563: 2556: 2540:, organized in 1888. The second St. John's building and Zion's current building were designed by future master architect 1332: 1312: 1157: 726: 572: 2559:"wherein there is unwarranted mingling of the races" be closed indefinitely. It is unknown what their objectives were. 10177: 9967: 8636: 8530: 8446: 8290: 8071: 7871: 7022: 7000: 5710: 3856: 2624: 1850: 1460: 1440: 994: 859: 291: 9780: 3581:

Being born in Omaha doesn't make me an American any more than being born in an oven makes a cat a biscuit. – Malcolm X

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the following year. The Centralized Commonwealth Civic Club, formed in 1937, promoted community business. Two local

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North Omaha's musical culture gave rise to several influential African-American musicians. Rhythm & Blues singer

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in the state to "free white males", which kept Nebraska from entering the Union for almost a year. In the 1860s, the

340: 172: 71: 61: 56: 5942: 5456: 2880:, which was also based out of Omaha. It was a nationally regarded company which acted as agent for dozens of bands. 10116: 9962: 9477: 9364: 9185: 8959: 8876: 8837: 8821: 8711: 8676: 8661: 8419: 8021: 7265: 7235: 7051: 6780: 5273:

Peattie, E. W. (2005), "Omaha's Black Population: The Negroes of this City: Who are they and where do they live?",

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Soldier, political activist, lawyer, civil rights activist, police officer, saloon owner, journalist, and gangster

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historical institutions created to honor it, such as Love's Jazz & Art Center, the Dreamland Project, and the

2642:, (with about 250 members in the community in 1936). Perhaps the most elusive organization in North Omaha was the 1834:

and Silas Robbins. Dr. Ricketts was the first African American to graduate from a Nebraska college or university.

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Henry Black: Life Histories from the Folklore Project, WPA Federal Writers' Project, 1936–1940; American Memory

5077: 4277: 4148: 3540: 3356:, Omaha was reputed to have adapted well to integrated busing. However, an analysis of white flight found that 3111: 3036: 2804: 2741: 2643: 2434: 2355: 2310: 1954: 1863: 1661: 1337: 1287: 66: 9111: 6732:

Black and Catholic in Omaha: A Case of Double Jeopardy: The First Fifty Years of St. Benedict the Moor Parish.

3294:(CIO) unions. They worked to end segregation of job positions in meatpacking in the 1940s. Community leader 2676:

at 24th and Grant Streets. Dreamland hosted some of the greatest jazz, blues, and swing performers, including

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Studies have shown starting in the 1950s Omaha's white middle class moved from North Omaha to the suburbs of

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ambitions. In the 1880s, Omaha's original "Negro district" was located at Twentieth and Harney Streets. The

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were implicated in a police killing in North Omaha in 1970, the trial highlighted political tensions. The

2944: 2398:, and was the acknowledged leader of the African-American community in Omaha. After he left Omaha in 1903, 2234:. A barber, Chambers went on to law school and has been repeatedly elected to represent North Omaha in the 1811: 1380: 1272: 1257: 1242: 1209: 508: 187: 5783: 9915: 9861: 9748: 8911: 8814: 8613: 8605: 8548: 8463: 7951: 7856: 7712: 7694: 7596: 7255: 7225: 6950: 6870: 6849: 6767:

African American Administration of predominantly Black Schools: Segregation or Emancipation in Omaha, NE.

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for an extended period in 1810. There were also enslaved Black people at the Church of Latter Day Saints

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in 1925. Malcolm X's mother reported a 1924 incident where her family was warned to leave Omaha by

1853:

of the early 20th century. By 1910 it had the third largest black population among western cities after

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in 1846. The first free Black settler in the city arrived in 1854, the year the city was incorporated.

1618: 1598: 1101: 1036: 809: 711: 678: 465: 350: 4632: 2007: 9753: 9695: 9620: 9567: 9326: 9161: 8931: 8886: 8871: 8540: 8353: 8185: 7746: 7245: 7083: 6890: 5142: 5137: 5132: 4759: 4658: 4468: 3715: 3657: 3642: 3481: 3238: 3219:. She was told that her husband, Earl Little, was "stirring up trouble" through his involvement with 3059: 2413: 2156: 1573: 1317: 1277: 566: 10136: 10053: 9952: 9905: 9604: 9542: 9457: 9321: 9135: 8916: 8891: 8230: 7794: 7707: 7351: 7140: 6955: 6895: 6885: 6811: 6746:#OmahaBlackHistory: African American People, Places and Events from the History of Omaha, Nebraska. 6659: 6076: 5564: 5204:#OmahaBlackHistory: African American People, Places and Events from the History of Omaha, Nebraska. 5179:#OmahaBlackHistory: African American People, Places and Events from the History of Omaha, Nebraska. 5127: 5122: 4554: 4262: 3544: 3327: 2816: 2480: 1920: 1862:

Omaha, with nearly 16,000. Reflecting the concentration of people and vital community, in 1915 the

1152: 932: 779: 663: 437: 318: 146: 10048: 10020: 9947: 9878: 9562: 9409: 9336: 9061: 8563: 8113: 7767: 7736: 7516: 7456: 7321: 7064: 6095: 5547: 5469: 5428: 5014: 4701: 4597: 4380: 3427: 3157: 3126: 2585: 2465: 2344: 2298:, among many others in the city, but built most of his career after 1914 in St. Paul, Minnesota. 2175: 2171: 1981: 1871: 1666: 1608: 1071: 1031: 754: 653: 531: 345: 9925: 3307:

was Nebraska state chairman of the NAACP and helped form a Lincoln chapter of the organization.

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Comedian, writer and actress; first black woman to write on a late night network talk show (

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was required to attain racial balance in every school. Enrollment of white students in the

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10 black kids living below the poverty line. Only one other metropolitan area in the U.S.,

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Mihelich, Dennis. (1979) "World War II and the Transformation of the Omaha Urban League,"

3226:

Another radical leader, Communist spokesman and one-time leader of American forces in the

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Today, African-American culture in Omaha is regarded as being anchored, in large part, by

2305:, later known as Mrs. John Albert Williams, was the first African-American teacher in the 8: 10111: 10030: 9795: 9705: 9419: 9399: 9267: 9262: 9130: 8995: 8964: 8896: 8578: 7936: 7851: 7331: 7120: 7010: 6940: 5644: 5602: 4818: 4803: 4539: 4499: 4347: 4222: 4152: 3945: 3497: 3032: 2982: 2964: 2295: 2094: 1613: 1091: 1053: 470: 301: 8583: 5624: 2928: 1096: 10043: 9934: 9883: 9810: 9740: 9710: 9429: 9349: 9272: 9100: 8974: 8651: 8588: 8331: 7789: 7556: 7536: 7441: 7366: 7193: 7098: 7088: 7076: 6967: 6864: 6839: 6171: 6005: 4088: 4062: 4035: 3556: 3436: 3365: 3241:, started in Omaha, contributed to radicalizing Haywood when he joined it the group in 3144: 3118: 2956: 2733: 2693: 2669: 2568: 2541: 2422: 2314: 2226: 2164: 1867: 984: 769: 536: 513: 202: 6289: 3447:

On March 4, 1968, a crowd of high school and university students were gathered at the

10106: 9898: 9735: 9730: 9505: 9219: 9117: 8098: 7819: 7481: 7451: 7046: 6803: 5860: 4971: 4126: 4046: 3709: 3672: 3536: 3520: 3493: 3315: 3227: 3122: 2795:, got his start at the North Omaha clubs, and for a time lived in the now-demolished 2717: 2479:

Judge, the first African American to do so in Nebraska. He was assigned to serve in

2320:

Today African Americans own fifty percent of all minority-owned businesses in Omaha.

2217: 789: 630: 137: 6373: 5738: 4523: 2438:

by candidates who represented the majority population of the city, which was white.

1976:

Some of the earliest African-American residents of the city may have arrived by the

1939:

in September 1819. They reportedly lived at the post and in neighboring farmsteads.

1931:, probably slaves, was recorded in the area comprising North Omaha today when Major 1169: 9839: 9379: 8806: 8254: 8225: 8220: 8118: 8086: 8059: 7784: 7401: 7371: 7361: 7356: 6923: 5520:

In Search Of The Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West, 1528–1990

5408: 5313:

In Search Of The Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West, 1528–1990

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Paz, D.G. (1988) "John Albert Williams and Black Journalism in Omaha, 1895–1929."

6701: 5797:

American Life Histories: Manuscripts from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936–1940.

5330:, Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1994, p. 223; accessed August 20, 2008. 5258: 3512:

founded the Nebraska Negro Historical Society, and in 1974 the Society opened the

2897:

newspaper. Love toured the U.S. and Europe into the late 1990s and died in 2004.

2592:

has been particularly important in the city's African-American community, hosting

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Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)

7762: 7717: 7571: 7561: 7541: 7526: 7426: 7301: 7291: 6930: 6692: 6595: 6507: 6492: 6472: 6374:"Abraham Lincoln Brigade: Spanish Civil War History and Education: Harry Haywood" 6296: 6262: 6236: 6216: 6153: 6083: 6012: 5949: 5929: 5745: 5714: 5651: 5631: 5476: 5439: 5415: 5349: 5308: 5226: 5045: 4934: 4833: 4517: 4491:

Member of Nebraska state legislature 1932–1935, nicknamed "Negro Mayor of Omaha"

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There have been numerous African-American newspapers in Omaha. The first was the

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In 1921, the Omaha and Council Bluffs Colored Ministerial Alliance demanded that

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Impertinences: Selected Writings of Elia Peattie, a Journalist in the Gilded Age

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Civil servant (father of John Andrew Singleton, brother of Walter J. Singleton)

3058:

Formed by Bertha Calloway in the 1960s, the Negro Historical Society opened the

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Hose Company #12, and later Hose Company #11, hired the first African-American

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While African Americans were already concentrated in North Omaha, in the 1930s

1839: 1651: 1076: 1046: 804: 794: 625: 6361:

The Odyssey of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade: Americans in the Spanish Civil War

5759:

History 313: Manual – Chapter 9: Black Omaha: From Non-Violence to Black Power

5603:"Pegg, John Grant (1869-1916) | The Black Past: Remembered and Reclaimed" 1810:

came through in 1804 with the Lewis and Clark expedition and the residence of

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Project Prospect: A youth investigation of blacks buried at Prospect Cemetery

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law limiting legislators to two terms, forcing Chambers from office in 2008.

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Resolving Racial Conflict: The Community Relations Service and Civil Rights.

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First African-American to enter and win a title in the Miss America Pageant

3286:

In the 1930s, however, an interracial committee succeeded in organizing the

3147:

of many of Omaha's neighborhoods. Introduced in the 1930s, the practices of

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Segregation in Federally Subsidized Low-income Housing in the United States

6167:"New 'Fair Deal Urban District' hailed as 'kick-start project' for North O" 5739:"Three to Get Ready: The Education of a White Family in Inner City Schools" 4848: 4723: 4425: 4292: 4247: 4232: 4214: 4019: 3524: 3343: 3295: 3261: 3216: 3107: 2909: 2884: 2838: 2821: 2773: 2745: 2737: 2501: 2098: 2067:

was the first black architect to design a home in Nebraska as a student of

1989: 1928: 1912: 1204: 1016: 744: 607: 9552: 9537: 7976: 7961: 7809: 7772: 7611: 7566: 7551: 7316: 7311: 7158: 5772:

In Search of the Racial Frontier: African Americans in the American West.

5168:

by Adam Fletcher Sasse for NorthOmahaHistory.com. Retrieved June 4, 2024.

4744: 4410: 4321:

Journalist, founder of the Omaha Colored Woman's Club, co-founder of the

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Three to Get Ready: The Education of a White Family in Inner City Schools

2216:

in Omaha have been studied extensively; the most notable reports include

2038:

Blacks also quickly distinguished themselves in public life: in 1892 Dr.

2016: 1966: 1900: 1854: 1370: 1026: 879: 759: 543: 9146: 6248: 5534:

by Adam Fletcher Sasse for NorthOmahaHistory.com. Retrieved Nov 11, 2022

5231:

The Middle of Everywhere: Helping Refugees Enter the American Community.

5193:, Adam Fletcher Sasse for NorthOmahaHistory.com. Retrieved June 4, 2024. 3400:

Cornerstone Memorial at the northwest corner of 24th and Lake Street in

9394: 9124: 7511: 7496: 7466: 7461: 7210: 7178: 7017: 6985: 4607: 4582: 4141: 4052: 3829: 3783: 3477:, and served a total of 38 years, longer than any of his predecessors. 3423:, the repercussions of which are still felt today in some communities. 3339: 3131: 2893: 2865: 2860:

to fame during World War II. The Sweethearts were the first integrated

2489: 2358: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2206:

1960s, the project residents in North Omaha became nearly all poor and

2183: 2105: 475: 214: 7847:

Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)

6440:(Lincoln, Nebraska), January 1, 1953, page 6, accessed August 15, 2016 3966: 3248: 3039:, or OBMHoF. Their inductees include African American contributors to 2536:, organized in 1878, Mt. Moriah Baptist Church, organized in 1887 and 9287: 8125: 7971: 7476: 7260: 7198: 7093: 5831:

From whence we came: A historical view of African Americans in Omaha.

5729:

Nebraska Public Media. Air Date, 08/01/1994. Retrieved April 8, 2024.

5022:

Former head of Omaha Urban League (now the Urban League of Nebraska)

4992: 4986: 3208: 3148: 2873: 2627:

troops (Troop 23, Troop 79) were founded for African-American youth.

2616: 2191: 2117: 1878: 1700: 1041: 774: 553: 380: 6772: 6718: 6665: 6455:(Lincoln, Nebraska), July 10, 2955, page 4, accessed August 15, 2016 4008:, first black military aviator from Omaha to receive his wings from 2333: 2271:

was the first African-American medical student to graduate from the

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was a premier African-American social organization. It held annual

2461: 2290:

was a renowned African-American architect from Omaha. He designed

2186:. In the following years the city began enforcing race-restrictive 1086: 1011: 1004: 7862:

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

4025: 2708: 7215: 6398: 3456: 3242: 3207:

was founded by Earl Little, a Baptist minister and the father of

3199:'s African-American community. In the 1920s the Omaha chapter of 3095: 2207: 1174: 480: 2638:, (which had about 550 members in North Omaha in 1936), and the 8049: 6713: 6128: 5419:

Greater Omaha Economic Partnership. Retrieved October 28, 2007.

5343:"The Lincoln Motion Picture company, a first for Black cinema!" 3195:

The lynching of Willy Brown has been credited for radicalizing

3052: 2159:

and gradually drew more African Americans. In pre-1900 Omaha,

1858: 1081: 6739:

The Black Experience in Selected Nebraska Counties, 1854–1920.

5748:, University of Wisconsin Press. Retrieved September 21, 2007. 4750: 4168: 7861: 4588: 4387:

Doctor, missionary, member of Nebraska legislature 1929–1930

3484:

was shot and killed by police officers in an incident at the

3459:. After counter-protesters began acting violently toward the 3412: 3196: 3114:

The mobs wounded several black men in the city, killing one.

2725: 2170:

The community became more racially segregated soon after the

854: 3566:, has a wider economic disparity between blacks and whites. 3066:

also promotes African-American culture throughout the city.

2104:, was instrumental in recruiting African Americans from the 1903:, has a wider economic disparity between blacks and whites. 7906: 6705:. Nebraska Writers' Project. Works Progress Administration. 6299:. University of Nebraska at Omaha. Retrieved June 25, 2007. 6062:

Liz, S. (1987), "The International Sweethearts of Rhythm",

4060:

Poet, historian, member of Comité des Citoyens involved in

3701:

First African American to graduate from Omaha High Schools

3420: 3048: 2729: 2544:. St. John's current building is a notable example of the 884: 4825:

Doctor, preacher, first African American doctor in Nevada

2091:

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

2050:

was the first black lawyer admitted to the Nebraska State

5898:

Andreas' History of the State of Nebraska: Douglas County

5522:, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1998, pp. 193 and 205. 5191:"A History of Black People in the Omaha Area Before 1850" 5068:

History of African Americans in Omaha in the 19th century

3177:, to radically rethink public housing in the 1990s. The 2783:

The intersection of 24th and Lake was the setting of the

1949:

History of African Americans in Omaha in the 19th century

6571: 6569: 5886:

Cap Wigington, An Architectural Legacy in Ice and Stone.

2975:, established in 1915, edited and published by Reverend 5975:

Rock Mr. Blues: The Life & Music of Wynonie Harris.

5786:, University of Washington. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5761:, University of Washington. Retrieved October 28, 2007. 5670:. University of Washington. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5645:"George Wells Parker: Race Man and Pioneer to the Past" 5166:"A History of the African American Population in Omaha" 4432:

Labor activist in meatpacking industry; founder of the

3496:

district, with high numbers of vacant lots and general

3415:

throughout the city were being drafted to fight in the

3078:

An African American lynched by white mob in Omaha, 1919

2997:

was established by B.V. and C.C. Galloway in 1927. The

2716:

During this period, North Omaha and its main artery of

6486: 6484: 6310:

Black and Catholic in Omaha: A Case of Double Jeopardy

2015:

Before Omaha's African-American residents gathered in

6686:

The Negroes of Nebraska: The Negro Comes to Nebraska.

6566: 3110:. Mobs of whites roamed throughout Omaha rioting, as 3090:

Timeline of riots and civil unrest in Omaha, Nebraska

2841:, who ran one of the most popular orchestras' in the 2528:

The earliest African-American churches in Omaha were

2174:. During that event an African-American worker named 1996:

By 1867 enough blacks gathered in community to found

8836: 5383: 5381: 5035: 4033:

Musician, member of Comité des Citoyens involved in

2093:, the first NAACP chapter west of the Mississippi. 1870:", Omaha suffered a race riot. It was marked by the 6481: 6260:Coulibaly, M., R. D. Green D. M. and James (1998), 5666:

The History of African Americans in the West Manual

5490:"The Negroes of Nebraska: The Negro goes to church" 5389:"Omaha in Black and White: Poverty amid prosperity" 4810:Journalist, clerk (brother of Walter J. Singleton) 3492:The effects of these riots is still evident in the 2262:first introduced large numbers of African American 2042:was the first black person elected to serve in the 1677:

Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers

6219:, NebraskaStudies.Org. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 4206:High-profile international Communist Party leader 3937:Longest-serving Nebraska State Senator in history 3686:Mixed martial artist, hip hop artist and radio DJ 3503: 3264:chapter (now the Urban League of Nebraska) in the 3143:A legacy of this terrible summer was the de facto 2876:, and most of these bands were represented by the 9057:List of riots and civil unrest in Omaha, Nebraska 5378: 4269:Poet, playwright, journalist, convicted murderer 3989:City of Omaha councilmember, school board member 3349:Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education 2394:became the first African American elected to the 10154: 7897:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) 6251:. HistoricOmaha.com. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5795:November 27, 1938. "Mrs. John Albert Williams", 5688:Girls Club of Omaha. Retrieved October 20, 2023. 5668:, – Chapter 7: "The Black Urban West, 1880–1940" 5315:, New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1998, p. 204. 3891:Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Omaha Branch 3175:U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 2649: 2576:, which began integration efforts in the 1970s. 2495: 2230:. This movie featured the opinions of the young 7942:Black players in professional American football 7892:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) 6156:. Nebraska Studies. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5678: 5676: 5492:. Memorial Library. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 4561:Community activist, writer, convicted murderer 4438:1940s for union; 1970s–1980s as civic activist 3569: 2471:In 2005, Marlon Polk was appointed by Governor 2445:African Americans have been represented on the 2197:During the 1930s, the Federal government built 9312:Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition 5403: 5401: 4118:First African American schoolteacher in Omaha 3903:Republican Party presidential candidates, 2012 3310:As a major western city, Omaha was visited by 3260:had five chapters in Omaha. In 1927 the first 3022: 404:Education of freed people during the Civil War 9796: 9162: 9052:Timeline of racial tension in Omaha, Nebraska 8822: 6788: 6741:M.A. Thesis, University of Nebraska at Omaha. 6524:, University of Nebraska Press, 1997, p. 310. 6279:. HistoricOmaha.com. Retrieved June 25, 2007. 6117:The Black Press in the Middle West, 1865–1985 6015:Love's Jazz and Art Center. Retrieved 9/1/07. 5911:The Black Press in the Middle West, 1865–1985 3723:Journalist (brother of Ferdinand L. Barnett) 2856:and several smaller outfits, Winburn led the 2530:St. John's African Methodist Episcopal Church 2429:until district elections became law. In 1893 1998:St. John's African Methodist Episcopal Church 1775: 106: 7655:Historically black colleges and universities 5833:Retrieved from the Project, August 10, 2006. 5825: 5823: 5821: 5673: 5395:. April 15, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2008. 5363: 5361: 3543:was founded in 2005 to celebrate the city's 3407:The civil rights movement brought calls for 2596:in a major speaking event in Omaha in 1957. 2532:, organized in 1867; St. Phillip the Deacon 415:Historically black colleges and universities 9675:St. John African Methodist Episcopal Church 6064:Sage: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women. 4 5807: 5805: 5398: 4476:Abolitionist, mail carrier, and politician 3055:, as well as other cultural contributions. 2993:in Omaha from 1920 through until 1926. The 2824:, who left Omaha to tour nationally, said, 2664:From the 1920s through to the early 1960s, 2512: 399:Education during the slave period in the US 9803: 9789: 9169: 9155: 8829: 8815: 6795: 6781: 6490:Caldas, S. J., and C. L. Bankston (2003), 6266:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998, p. 68. 6230:"Lesson Plans for Omaha Race Riot of 1919" 5952:City of Omaha. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5888:Minnesota Historical Society Press, p. 28. 5338: 5336: 4323:National Federation of Afro-American Women 3279:organized African-American workers in the 2602: 2115:During the first week of August 1919, the 1782: 1768: 722:National Black Caucus of State Legislators 113: 99: 9176: 7872:National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC) 6520:Larsen, L. H., and B.J. Cottrell (1997), 6459: 5985: 5983: 5818: 5591:https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16707088/ 5387:Cordes, H.J., Gonzalez, C. and Grace, E. 5358: 4843:1990s – first decade of the 21st century 4354:Caterer, Boy Scout, journalist, owner of 4179:1990s – first decade of the 21st century 3354:desegregation busing in the United States 2772:and his Original Dixie Ramblers, and the 2630:The community also boasted halls for the 2523: 2374:Learn how and when to remove this message 178:Slavery in the colonial history of the US 10163:African-American life in Omaha, Nebraska 9770:List of African-American historic places 9090:Civil Rights Movement in Omaha, Nebraska 6628:June 26, 1969. Retrieved April 21, 2008. 6277:Omaha From the Air: Gallery Number Three 6249:Omaha's Riot in Story and Picture – 1919 5802: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5214: 5212: 5013: 5000:Civil rights leader (grew up elsewhere) 4991: 4939: 4853: 4749: 4657: 4631: 4587: 4522: 4467: 4312: 4167: 4051: 4024: 3965: 3876: 3714: 3677: 3451:to protest the presidential campaign of 3392: 3247: 3191:Civil Rights Movement in Omaha, Nebraska 3184: 3073: 2927: 2707: 2412: 2245: 2006: 9511:Omaha Blues, Jazz & Gospel Festival 6575:Olson, J. C., and R. C. Naugle (1997), 6511:, University of Nebraska Press, p. 335. 6422:Larsen, L., and B. J. Cottrell (1997), 6200:July 5, 1910. Retrieved April 20, 2008. 5654:, Saxakali.com. Retrieved May 25, 2008. 5333: 4602:1980s–first decade of the 21st century 3223:. The family moved shortly thereafter. 3221:Universal Negro Improvement Association 3205:Universal Negro Improvement Association 2732:bands from across the country. Due to 2588:congregation in Nebraska in the 1920s. 2178:was lynched by a white mob outside the 14: 10155: 9655:Pearl Memorial United Methodist Church 8771:Topics related to the African diaspora 7877:National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) 5980: 5505:February 21, 1895. Retrieved from the 5470:"The Negroes of Nebraska: Immigration" 5277:, University of Nebraska Press, p. 58. 5148:History of the Jews in Omaha, Nebraska 4640:First African American elected to the 3245:, where his family had moved in 1915. 3153:racially restrictive housing covenants 2923: 2574:Pearl Memorial United Methodist Church 2273:University of Nebraska Medical College 9784: 9150: 8810: 8751:Landmark African-American legislation 6802: 6776: 6579:University of Nebraska Press, p. 371. 6550:University of Missouri Press, p. 105. 6537:University of Nebraska Press, p. 277. 5829:Dreamland Historical Project (2005), 5691: 5375:, October 3, 2007. Retrieved 10/4/07. 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5209: 5206:Olympia, WA: CommonAction Publishing. 5181:Olympia, WA: CommonAction Publishing. 5073:African Americans History of Nebraska 3288:United Meatpacking Workers of America 2810: 2427:Douglas County Board of Commissioners 2252:The Realization of a Negro's Ambition 1988:in 1855. It is honored today as the 1915:in the Omaha area occurred in 1804. " 1906: 1888:United Meatpacking Workers of America 920:Athletic associations and conferences 409:History of African-American education 10183:African-American history of Nebraska 7882:National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) 6714:African American Empowerment Network 6133:website. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5369:"Big plans in store for north Omaha" 3591:Notable African Americans from Omaha 3411:and against racism to Omaha. While 3292:Congress of Industrial Organizations 3258:National Federation of Colored Women 2562:Other influential churches included 2356:adding citations to reliable sources 2327: 2077:National Register of Historic Places 1795:African Americans in Omaha, Nebraska 843:Association for the Study of African 9645:Calvin Memorial Presbyterian Church 9491:Carver Savings and Loan Association 8236:African-American Vernacular English 6678:Nebraska Black Oral History Project 6363:. Stanford University Press, p. 28. 6165:Gonzalez, C. (September 15, 2012), 5964:Cinema Treasures. Retrieved 7/2/07. 5532:"African American Firsts in Omaha," 3899:Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City 3895:Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City 3772:Politician, journalist, founder of 3444:were required to quell the crowds. 2858:International Sweethearts of Rhythm 2849:was a student of Waddle's as well. 2564:Calvin Memorial Presbyterian Church 2421:No African Americans served on the 2402:, proprietor of a notorious bar in 1657:Race and ethnicity in the US census 1158:African-American Vernacular English 727:National Conference of Black Mayors 24: 8154:U.S. cities with large populations 7857:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) 6724: 6709:"First" African Americans in Omaha 5605:. The Black Past. January 21, 2007 5290:. Associated Press. April 25, 2005 5236: 4531:Inspector of Weights and Measures 3893:(1989–91), deputy chairman of the 3848:Local worker lynched by white mob 3368:. This study found that mandatory 3318:in 1968, who helped galvanize the 3112:they did in cities across the U.S. 2089:In 1912, the Omaha chapter of the 860:National Black Chamber of Commerce 25: 10194: 9085:Racial tension in Omaha, Nebraska 9011:Great Plains Black History Museum 7027:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013 7023:Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009 6830:African American founding fathers 6666:Great Plains Black History Museum 6653: 6522:The Gate City: A History of Omaha 6424:The Gate City: A History of Omaha 5625:Timeline: Omaha's 150th Birthday. 5507:Great Plains Black History Museum 5093:People from North Omaha, Nebraska 3921:Great Plains Black History Museum 3812:City of Omaha City councilmember 3576:People from North Omaha, Nebraska 3531:in the 1970s. A monument to Dr. 3514:Great Plains Black History Museum 3486:Logan Fontenelle Housing Projects 3455:, the segregationist governor of 3135:were ordered to remain indoors." 3084:Racial tension in Omaha, Nebraska 3069: 2979:. It stopped publishing in 1929. 2203:Logan Fontenelle Housing Projects 1980:via a small log cabin outside of 1911:The first recorded instance of a 1564:Places by plurality of population 230:Civil rights movement (1954–1968) 220:Civil rights movement (1865–1896) 173:Abolitionism in the United States 10168:Ethnic groups in Omaha, Nebraska 10130: 10129: 9924: 9812: 9365:Logan Fontenelle Housing Project 9036:St. John's Greek Orthodox Church 9016:Little Ukrainian Catholic Church 8838:Ethnic groups in Omaha, Nebraska 8789: 7907:United Negro College Fund (UNCF) 7052:Nadir of American race relations 6613:Nebraska: An Illustrated History 6589:"Peaceful protest turns violent" 6561:Nebraska: An Illustrated History 6508:Nebraska: An Illustrated History 5327:The Forging of a Black Community 5262:Workers Progress Administration. 5118:Danish people in Omaha, Nebraska 5103:Ethnic groups in Omaha, Nebraska 5088:Culture in North Omaha, Nebraska 5083:History of North Omaha, Nebraska 5052: 5038: 4922:Preacher, journalist, published 4711:lieutenant governor, 1999–2003 ( 4569:Dr. Catherine Grace Pope, Ed.D. 3383:Logan Fontenelle Housing Project 3179:Logan Fontenelle Housing Project 3163:Logan Fontenelle Housing Project 2797:Logan Fontenelle Housing Project 2660:Culture of North Omaha, Nebraska 2519:Culture in North Omaha, Nebraska 2332: 2267:substantial professional class. 2224:, and the 1966 documentary film 2137: 1800: 1739: 261:Black Belt in the American South 9448:List of people from North Omaha 6913:Civil rights movement 1954–1968 6903:Civil rights movement 1865–1896 6631: 6618: 6605: 6582: 6553: 6540: 6527: 6514: 6499: 6496:Nova Science Publishers, p. 12. 6444: 6429: 6416: 6391: 6366: 6353: 6328: 6323:The Autobiography of Malcolm X. 6315: 6302: 6282: 6269: 6254: 6242: 6222: 6203: 6187: 6178: 6159: 6136: 6122: 6109: 6089: 6069: 6056: 6051:"Interview with Josiah Waddle." 6043: 6034: 6018: 5999: 5967: 5955: 5935: 5932:. Retrieved September 29, 2007. 5916: 5903: 5891: 5878: 5853: 5836: 5789: 5777: 5774:W. W. Norton & Co., p. 205. 5764: 5751: 5732: 5720: 5657: 5637: 5617: 5595: 5583: 5557: 5537: 5525: 5512: 5495: 5482: 5462: 5449: 5422: 5318: 5253:Nebraska Writers Project (n.d. 4263:Mondo we Langa (aka David Rice) 4133:Barber (father of Lucy Gamble) 3792:National Basketball Association 3527:led an effort to recognize the 3504:Commemorations and recognitions 3277:Industrial Workers of the World 2951:, an ex-slave, established the 2787:song "Omaha Blues". Omaha-born 2343:needs additional citations for 2147:, located immediately north of 2057: 1942: 865:National Council of Negro Women 9578:Central Park Elementary School 9501:Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame 9107:History of slavery in Nebraska 9026:Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame 7902:Thurgood Marshall College Fund 6908:Civil right movement 1896–1954 6025:"History of Dreamland Project" 5995:Information on the video here. 5302: 5280: 5267: 5196: 5184: 5171: 5159: 5078:History of slavery in Nebraska 4758:Professional football player, 4149:National Baseball Hall of Fame 3541:Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame 3333: 3138: 3037:Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame 2805:Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame 2644:Knights and Daughters of Tabor 2311:Lincoln Motion Picture Company 2241: 2214:African-American neighborhoods 1955:history of slavery in Nebraska 1864:Lincoln Motion Picture Company 1662:Racism against Black Americans 13: 1: 9629:Walnut Hill Elementary School 9613:Miller Park Elementary School 9031:Omaha Jewish Community Center 9001:Danish Brotherhood in America 8082:Cherokee freedmen controversy 7058:The Negro Motorist Green Book 6239:. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 6086:. Vibe.com. Retrieved 7/1/07. 5900:. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5554:Retrieved September 20, 2007. 5544:Works Progress Administration 5479:. Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5433:"The Negro comes to Nebraska" 5353:The African American Registry 5177:Fletcher Sasse, Adam. (2021) 5153: 4687:College Football Hall of Fame 4254:Professional football player 4176:Professional football player 3794:player, gold medalist at the 3388: 3064:Omaha Jazz and Blues Festival 2650:Historic entertainment venues 2496:African-American firefighters 2281:Works Progress Administration 870:National Pan-Hellenic Council 9660:Sacred Heart Catholic Church 9617:Minne Lusa Elementary School 9585:Fontenelle Elementary School 9582:Druid Hill Elementary School 6672:African American Information 6466:Distilled in Black and White 6336:"Malcolm X: A Research Site" 6210:"African American Migration" 6143:Mildred Brown – Founded the 5993:Nebraska Public Television. 5548:"Negroes in the professions" 4840:Television and film actress 4779:March on Washington Movement 4546:Journalist, lawyer, soldier 3570:African Americans from Omaha 3550: 3519:In 1976 the community began 2908:, who played with guitarist 2578:Sacred Heart Catholic Church 1812:Jean Baptiste Point du Sable 1672:School segregation in the US 1210:Black American Sign Language 1184:Languages and other dialects 7: 9749:John A. Creighton Boulevard 9650:Holy Family Catholic Church 7952:Black players in ice hockey 7887:National Urban League (NUL) 7713:American Society of Muslims 6951:Selma to Montgomery marches 6871:Brown v. Board of Education 6594:September 20, 2008, at the 6533:Larsen and Cotrell (2002), 6471:September 29, 2007, at the 6011:September 29, 2007, at the 5928:September 27, 2007, at the 5630:September 29, 2007, at the 5501:(1895) "Negroes in Omaha," 5414:September 26, 2007, at the 5348:September 30, 2007, at the 5264:Retrieved October 29, 2007. 5108:Mexicans in Omaha, Nebraska 5031: 4733:Late Night with Seth Meyers 4693:'s "player of the century" 4508:Hamitic League of the World 3897:(1992–94), chairman of the 3889:(1986–88), Chairman of the 3398:Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. 3381:in the city, including the 3023:Other cultural institutions 2987:Hamitic League of the World 2932:The historic office of the 2920:are also from North Omaha. 2742:Lewis' Excelsior Brass Band 2433:, a mail carrier, ran as a 2323: 2108:to Omaha during the 1910s. 2102:Hamitic League of the World 1959:Nebraska State Constitution 1919:" was a slave belonging to 1825:In 1894 black residents of 499:African-American businesses 10: 10199: 10173:History of Omaha, Nebraska 9596:Franklin Elementary School 9573:Florence Elementary School 9067:1909 Omaha anti-Greek riot 8109:Great Dismal Swamp maroons 7867:Nashville Student Movement 6878:Children of the plantation 6744:Fletcher Sasse, A. (2021) 6478:. Retrieved July 26, 2007. 6451:McCaw to Help form NAACP, 6399:"Urban League of Nebraska" 6321:Malcolm X (1992 reprint), 6235:December 25, 2017, at the 6215:December 13, 2017, at the 6106:Retrieved August 26, 2008. 5784:Vignette: Matthew Ricketts 5202:Fletcher Sasse, A. (2021) 5113:Germans in Omaha, Nebraska 4642:Nebraska State Legislature 3774:The Afro-American Sentinel 3757:Television and film actor 3573: 3554: 3480:African-American teenager 3475:Nebraska State Legislature 3342:in the phenomenon called " 3188: 3087: 3081: 2883:International Jazz legend 2878:National Orchestra Service 2814: 2653: 2516: 2396:Nebraska State Legislature 2277:Nebraska State Legislature 2236:Nebraska State Legislature 2201:for working families: the 1946: 1927:. The presence of several 1925:Lewis and Clark Expedition 1883:race restrictive covenants 1037:Great Dismal Swamp maroons 712:Congressional Black Caucus 679:African Diaspora Religions 466:Martin Luther King Jr. Day 77:Timeline of racial tension 38:African Americans in Omaha 18:African Americans in Omaha 10178:African Americans by city 10125: 10097: 10062: 10029: 9981: 9933: 9922: 9825: 9762: 9688: 9637: 9621:Sherman Elementary School 9600:Hartman Elementary School 9525: 9476: 9438: 9335: 9327:Shooting of Vivian Strong 9304: 9212: 9184: 9112:Public school controversy 9077: 9044: 8988: 8945: 8844: 8779: 8746:Index of related articles 8624: 8539: 8263: 8196: 8134: 8034: 7995: 7927: 7920: 7835: 7755: 7747:Doctrine of Father Divine 7693: 7635: 7284: 7139: 7131:Women's suffrage movement 7084:Reconstruction Amendments 6891:Voting Rights Act of 1965 6810: 6691:October 26, 2021, at the 6624:"Firebombings in Omaha", 6602:Retrieved April 16, 2008. 6493:The End of Desegregation? 5850:. Retrieved May 27, 2006. 5438:October 26, 2021, at the 5143:Greeks in Omaha, Nebraska 5138:Czechs in Omaha, Nebraska 5133:Swedes in Omaha, Nebraska 4926:(husband of Lucy Gamble) 4760:Pro Football Hall of Fame 4221:Founder and president of 3901:(1995–96), and among the 3589: 3268:was founded in the city. 3239:African Blood Brotherhood 3060:Great Plains Black Museum 2943:, established in 1889 by 2791:, one of the founders of 2180:Douglas County Courthouse 1935:'s expedition arrived at 1544:US states and territories 845:American Life and History 567:Lift Every Voice and Sing 276:Treatment of the enslaved 9605:Kellom Elementary School 8796:United States portal 8231:African-American English 7660:Inventors and scientists 7352:George Washington Carver 6956:Chicago Freedom Movement 6755:(3) (Fall 1979):401–423. 6748:CommonAction Publishing. 6660:"Black History in Omaha" 6600:The Creightonian Online. 6104:The Negroes of Nebraska. 5977:Big Nickel Publications. 5744:August 31, 2007, at the 5708:U.S. Library of Congress 5225:August 16, 2007, at the 5128:Irish in Omaha, Nebraska 5123:Poles in Omaha, Nebraska 4396:Lois "Lady Mac" McMorris 4191:Rhythm and blues singer 3539:in the late 1990s. The 2967:and edited by his wife, 2904:and influential drummer 2872:out of Omaha during the 2817:Music in Omaha, Nebraska 2672:, opened in 1923 in the 2513:African-American culture 2238:for more than 35 years. 2035:in the 1880s and 1890s. 1746:United States portal 1153:African-American English 664:African-American Muslims 225:Jim Crow era (1896–1954) 9062:Omaha race riot of 1919 8719:African-American firsts 7768:Back-to-Africa movement 7737:Black Hebrew Israelites 7517:Adam Clayton Powell Jr. 7065:Partus sequitur ventrem 6719:Building Bright Futures 6702:The Negroes of Nebraska 6662:, NorthOmahaHistory.com 6438:Lincoln Evening Journal 6359:Carroll, P. N. (1994), 6295:August 5, 2007, at the 6096:Federal Writers Project 5948:March 23, 2007, at the 5815:29 Nov. 1927: 2. Print. 5811:"Urban League Formed." 5446:Retrieved May 13, 2008. 5429:Federal Writers Project 4598:Kansas State University 4596:Head football coach at 4381:Aaron Manasses McMillan 4284:Hotel keeper, musician 4095:Journalist, founder of 4080:Journalist, politician 3738:Journalist, founder of 3171:public housing projects 3158:Omaha Housing Authority 3127:Omaha Race Riot of 1919 2959:started publishing the 2603:Historical social clubs 2586:Church of God in Christ 2466:Omaha Police Department 2172:Omaha Race Riot of 1919 2011:Matthew Rickets in 1890 1667:Reparations for slavery 755:Back-to-Africa movement 654:Black Hebrew Israelites 532:African-American beauty 9390:Prospect Hill Cemetery 8687:Spingarn Medal winners 8176:States and territories 7947:Black NFL quarterbacks 7447:Martin Luther King Jr. 6979:Dred Scott v. Sandford 6918:Montgomery bus boycott 6737:Bish, James D. (1989) 6546:Levine, B. J. (2004), 6505:Luebke, F. C. (2005), 5884:Taylor, D. V. (2002), 5713:June 13, 2007, at the 5650:June 23, 2008, at the 5367:Kotock, C. D. (2007), 5018: 4996: 4944: 4858: 4754: 4691:University of Nebraska 4662: 4636: 4614:Musician, bassist for 4592: 4527: 4472: 4317: 4172: 4074:Lucille Skaggs Edwards 4056: 4029: 3970: 3881: 3719: 3682: 3583: 3533:Martin Luther King Jr. 3449:Omaha Civic Auditorium 3404: 3360:in Omaha had enhanced 3312:Martin Luther King Jr. 3253: 3233:, was born in 1898 in 3079: 3014:, founded by the late 2953:Afro-American Sentinel 2936: 2868:also led an important 2864:in the United States. 2830: 2713: 2594:Martin Luther King Jr. 2524:Religious institutions 2418: 2260:Union Pacific Railroad 2255: 2029:Afro-American Sentinel 2012: 1872:lynching of Will Brown 1137:Dialects and languages 297:Second Great Migration 82:Riots and civil unrest 10006:Civil Rights Movement 9670:St. Cecilia Cathedral 9625:Skinner Magnet Center 9609:Lothrop Magnet Center 9533:Howard Kennedy School 9204:Civil Rights Movement 9178:North Omaha, Nebraska 7997:Athletic associations 7932:Negro league baseball 7703:African-American Jews 7422:Ketanji Brown Jackson 7387:Henry Highland Garnet 7246:Negro National Anthem 6996:George Floyd protests 6961:Post–civil rights era 6535:Omaha: The Gate City. 6436:And Now in Nebraska, 6152:June 6, 2014, at the 6115:Suggs, H. L. (1996), 6082:May 11, 2011, at the 5909:Suggs, H. L. (2006), 5727:"A Street of Dreams," 5017: 4995: 4943: 4886:Clarence W. Wigington 4857: 4771:John Andrew Singleton 4753: 4661: 4635: 4591: 4526: 4471: 4333:Sarah Helen Mahammitt 4316: 4171: 4055: 4028: 3969: 3880: 3718: 3681: 3579: 3574:Further information: 3555:Further information: 3489:noted riot in Omaha. 3396: 3362:racial discrimination 3320:civil rights movement 3251: 3211:. Malcolm X was 3189:Further information: 3185:Civil Rights Movement 3088:Further information: 3082:Further information: 3077: 2931: 2916:and funk band leader 2843:United States Midwest 2826: 2815:Further information: 2711: 2654:Further information: 2548:architectural style. 2517:Further information: 2458:Brenda Warren Council 2417:Edwin Overall in 1890 2416: 2288:Clarence W. Wigington 2249: 2073:Saint Paul, Minnesota 2069:Thomas Rogers Kimball 2065:Clarence W. Wigington 2010: 1892:civil rights movement 1549:US metropolitan areas 1376:List of neighborhoods 990:Alabama Creole people 980:African-American Jews 912:Negro league baseball 875:National Urban League 827:Civic/economic groups 659:African-American Jews 549:African-American hair 411:, after the Civil War 240:Post–civil rights era 87:Civil Rights Movement 9745:Fontenelle Boulevard 9665:Salem Baptist Church 9588:Monroe Middle School 9322:Rice–Poindexter case 9136:Rice–Poindexter case 8204:Afro-Seminole Creole 7730:Azusa Street Revival 7602:Booker T. Washington 7126:Underground Railroad 6991:Free people of color 6845:Atlantic slave trade 6644:Lincoln Journal-Star 6637:Piersol, D. (2007), 6577:History of Nebraska. 6228:NebraskaStudies.Org 6194:"Omaha negro killed" 6077:Preston Love profile 5848:Lincoln Journal-Star 5813:Evening World-Herald 5552:Negroes in Nebraska. 5475:May 9, 2008, at the 5444:Negroes in Nebraska. 5060:United States portal 4978:Big band trombonist 4916:John Albert Williams 4789:Millard F. Singleton 4434:Malcolm X House Site 3796:1960 Summer Olympics 3732:Ferdinand L. Barnett 3529:Malcolm X House Site 3374:Omaha Public Schools 3328:Rice–Poindexter case 2985:, co-founder of the 2977:John Albert Williams 2945:Ferdinand L. Barnett 2758:Sam Turner Orchestra 2736:, musicians such as 2712:Dan Desdunes in 1911 2590:Salem Baptist Church 2352:improve this article 2307:Omaha Public Schools 2044:Nebraska Legislature 1978:Underground Railroad 1706:Criminal stereotypes 1481:District of Columbia 1198:Afro-Seminole Creole 640:Non-Christian groups 235:Black power movement 199:during the Civil War 168:Atlantic slave trade 9706:North Omaha Airport 9696:North Freeway/US 75 9680:Zion Baptist Church 9568:Central High School 9420:Broomfield Rowhouse 9400:General Crook House 9131:Omaha Star building 8996:Czechoslovak Museum 8599:Trinidad and Tobago 8214:Black American Sign 8041:By African descent 8035:Ethnic subdivisions 8022:Southwestern (SWAC) 7937:Baseball color line 7852:Black Panther Party 7756:Political movements 7673:in computer science 7332:Carol Moseley Braun 7121:Tulsa race massacre 7114:Treatment of slaves 6946:March on Washington 6941:Birmingham movement 6765:Johnson, T. (2001) 6753:Nebraska History 60 6647:. Retrieved 4/1/08. 6626:The New York Times. 6312:. iUniverse, p. 57. 6290:"Reading the signs" 6198:The New York Times. 6031:. Retrieved 9/1/07. 5973:Collins, T. (1994) 5770:Taylor, Q. (1999), 5571:. December 27, 2014 5355:. Retrieved 8/4/07. 4819:W. H. C. Stephenson 4804:Walter J. Singleton 4666:Lawyer, politician 4540:Harrison J. Pinkett 4500:George Wells Parker 4348:Thomas P. Mahammitt 4153:St. Louis Cardinals 3946:Emanuel S. Clenlans 3619:Author, politician 3498:economic depression 3033:Native Omahans Days 3005:through the 1930s. 2983:George Wells Parker 2965:Thomas P. Mahammitt 2963:later published by 2924:Historic newspapers 2692:, and the original 2555:'s cabarets in the 2538:Zion Baptist Church 2296:Broomfield Rowhouse 2279:. According to the 2161:the city's cemetery 2097:, a founder of the 2095:George Wells Parker 1102:Sierra Leone Creole 1063:Specific ancestries 948:Southwestern (SWAC) 471:Black History Month 302:New Great Migration 256:Agriculture history 32:Part of a series on 10001:Historic companies 9741:Florence Boulevard 9711:Metro Area Transit 9496:Dreamland Ballroom 9430:Minne Lusa Theater 9370:Dreamland Ballroom 9350:Omaha Driving Park 9101:A Time for Burning 8697:US representatives 8692:US cabinet members 8584:Dominican Republic 8171:Metropolitan areas 8012:Mid-Eastern (MEAC) 7837:Civic and economic 7815:Self-determination 7636:Education, science 7557:Fred Shuttlesworth 7537:A. Philip Randolph 7442:Coretta Scott King 7367:Frederick Douglass 7194:Harlem Renaissance 7099:Separate but equal 7089:Reconstruction era 7077:Plessy v. Ferguson 6968:Cornerstone Speech 6882:Civil Rights Acts 6865:Black Lives Matter 6840:American Civil War 6403:UrbanLeagueNeb.org 6340:BrotherMalcolm.net 6308:Angus, J. (2004), 6172:Omaha World Herald 6119:, Greenwood Press. 5991:A Street of Dreams 5943:Dreamland Ballroom 5569:JGrayDiscovery.com 5409:Multiethnic Guide. 5393:Omaha World-Herald 5373:Omaha World-Herald 5259:Negros in Nebraska 5218:Pipher, M. (2002) 5019: 4997: 4945: 4859: 4755: 4663: 4637: 4593: 4528: 4506:Co-founder of the 4473: 4318: 4173: 4089:George F. Franklin 4063:Plessy vs Ferguson 4057: 4036:Plessy vs Ferguson 4030: 3971: 3882: 3720: 3683: 3557:Economics in Omaha 3437:Omaha World-Herald 3405: 3254: 3145:racial segregation 3119:Red Summer of 1919 3080: 2957:George F. Franklin 2937: 2852:After leading the 2811:Historic musicians 2734:racial segregation 2714: 2694:Nat King Cole Trio 2670:Dreamland Ballroom 2584:founded the first 2569:A Time for Burning 2542:Clarence Wigington 2447:Omaha School Board 2423:Omaha City Council 2419: 2315:Clarence A. Brooks 2256: 2227:A Time for Burning 2013: 1961:from 1854 limited 1907:Population history 1868:Red Summer of 1919 1111:Sexual orientation 985:Afro-Puerto Ricans 938:Mid-Eastern (MEAC) 573:Self-determination 537:Black is beautiful 203:Reconstruction era 10150: 10149: 9943:Metropolitan area 9899:Omaha Bus Station 9778: 9777: 9754:Lincoln Boulevard 9736:North 30th Street 9518:Stone Soul Picnic 9506:Native Omaha Days 9144: 9143: 9118:Meyer v. Nebraska 9021:Lithuanian Bakery 8980:South 24th Street 8852:African Americans 8804: 8803: 8632:African Americans 8504:Dallas–Fort Worth 8099:Black Southerners 8030: 8029: 7482:Thurgood Marshall 7452:Bernard Lafayette 7047:Million Man March 6804:African Americans 6730:Angus, J. (2004) 6147:newspaper in 1938 6029:Dreamland Project 5842:(April 25, 2005) 5565:"John Grant Pegg" 5518:Quintard Taylor, 5029: 5028: 4972:Helen Jones Woods 4127:William R. Gamble 4047:Rodolphe Desdunes 3887:Godfather's Pizza 3710:Alfred S. Barnett 3673:Houston Alexander 3537:North 24th Street 3535:was placed along 3521:Native Omaha Days 3500:still prevalent. 3494:North 24th Street 3352:ruling enforcing 3316:Robert F. Kennedy 3228:Spanish Civil War 3123:yellow journalism 2955:in 1892. In 1893 2835:brass instruments 2718:North 24th Street 2557:Sporting District 2384: 2383: 2376: 2292:St. John's A.M.E. 2218:Lois Mark Stalvey 1792: 1791: 1729: 1728: 1627: 1626: 1401:Dallas-Fort Worth 1218: 1217: 1128: 1127: 1072:Americo-Liberians 955: 954: 893: 892: 818: 817: 687: 686: 631:Womanist theology 581: 580: 523:Symbols and ideas 309: 308: 188:Antebellum period 183:Revolutionary War 138:African Americans 123: 122: 16:(Redirected from 10190: 10133: 10132: 10089:Higher education 10084:Catholic schools 9928: 9817: 9816: 9815: 9805: 9798: 9791: 9782: 9781: 9468:African American 9410:Bank of Florence 9355:Omaha University 9171: 9164: 9157: 9148: 9147: 8857:American Indians 8831: 8824: 8817: 8808: 8807: 8794: 8793: 8792: 8756:Lynching victims 8255:Louisiana Creole 8226:American English 8114:Louisiana Creole 8087:Choctaw freedmen 7925: 7924: 7462:Huddie Ledbetter 7402:Fannie Lou Hamer 7372:W. E. B. Du Bois 7362:Claudette Colvin 7357:Shirley Chisholm 7174:Family structure 7042:Military history 6924:Browder v. Gayle 6797: 6790: 6783: 6774: 6773: 6696:CFC Productions. 6674:NEGenWeb Project 6668:official website 6648: 6639:"Deeper pockets" 6635: 6629: 6622: 6616: 6609: 6603: 6586: 6580: 6573: 6564: 6557: 6551: 6544: 6538: 6531: 6525: 6518: 6512: 6503: 6497: 6488: 6479: 6463: 6457: 6453:The Lincoln Star 6448: 6442: 6433: 6427: 6420: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6395: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6384: 6370: 6364: 6357: 6351: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6332: 6326: 6319: 6313: 6306: 6300: 6288:Flott, A. (nd), 6286: 6280: 6273: 6267: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6240: 6226: 6220: 6207: 6201: 6191: 6185: 6182: 6176: 6163: 6157: 6140: 6134: 6126: 6120: 6113: 6107: 6093: 6087: 6073: 6067: 6060: 6054: 6047: 6041: 6038: 6032: 6022: 6016: 6003: 5997: 5987: 5978: 5971: 5965: 5959: 5953: 5939: 5933: 5920: 5914: 5907: 5901: 5895: 5889: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5857: 5851: 5844:"For the record" 5840: 5834: 5827: 5816: 5809: 5800: 5793: 5787: 5781: 5775: 5768: 5762: 5755: 5749: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5700: 5689: 5680: 5671: 5661: 5655: 5641: 5635: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5599: 5593: 5587: 5581: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5561: 5555: 5541: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5516: 5510: 5499: 5493: 5486: 5480: 5466: 5460: 5453: 5447: 5426: 5420: 5405: 5396: 5385: 5376: 5365: 5356: 5340: 5331: 5322: 5316: 5306: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5295: 5288:"For the Record" 5284: 5278: 5271: 5265: 5251: 5234: 5216: 5207: 5200: 5194: 5188: 5182: 5175: 5169: 5163: 5062: 5057: 5056: 5055: 5048: 5043: 5042: 5041: 4963:Big band leader 4957:Anna Mae Winburn 4901:Big Joe Williams 4871:Victor B. Walker 4689:inductee, voted 4627:Matthew Ricketts 4463:Edwin R. Overall 4339:Caterer, writer 4239:Big band leader 3998:Alfonza W. Davis 3961:Ophelia Clenlans 3613:Dinah Abrahamson 3587: 3586: 3465:police brutality 3379:housing projects 3217:Ku Klux Klansmen 3016:Mildred D. Brown 2914:Big Joe Williams 2862:all women's band 2854:Cotton Club Boys 2847:Anna Mae Winburn 2785:Big Joe Williams 2766:Omaha Night Owls 2534:Episcopal Church 2431:Edwin R. Overall 2392:Matthew Ricketts 2379: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2359: 2336: 2328: 2269:Matthew Ricketts 2199:housing projects 2040:Matthew Ricketts 1832:Matthew Ricketts 1784: 1777: 1770: 1744: 1743: 1742: 1691:media depictions 1640: 1639: 1535:Population count 1231: 1230: 1165:Liberian English 1144:English dialects 1141: 1140: 1097:Samaná Americans 1022:Creoles of color 968: 967: 906: 905: 850:Black conductors 831: 830: 700: 699: 674:Louisiana Voodoo 596: 595: 341:Family structure 324: 323: 271:Military history 266:Business history 197:military history 152: 151: 125: 124: 115: 108: 101: 29: 28: 21: 10198: 10197: 10193: 10192: 10191: 10189: 10188: 10187: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10146: 10121: 10093: 10058: 10025: 9977: 9929: 9920: 9821: 9813: 9811: 9809: 9779: 9774: 9758: 9701:Eppley Airfield 9684: 9633: 9521: 9472: 9434: 9385:Winter Quarters 9331: 9317:1960s/70s riots 9300: 9296:Near North Side 9208: 9180: 9175: 9145: 9140: 9073: 9040: 9006:El Museo Latino 8984: 8970:Near North Side 8947:Ethnic enclaves 8941: 8840: 8835: 8805: 8800: 8790: 8788: 8775: 8741:Historic places 8734:US state firsts 8620: 8535: 8259: 8192: 8164:2010 majorities 8159:2000 majorities 8130: 8077:Black Seminoles 8026: 8017:Southern (SIAC) 8000: 7999:and conferences 7998: 7991: 7987:Serena Williams 7982:Jackie Robinson 7916: 7840: 7838: 7831: 7751: 7718:Nation of Islam 7689: 7637: 7631: 7572:Sojourner Truth 7562:Clarence Thomas 7527:Gabriel Prosser 7427:Michael Jackson 7302:Crispus Attucks 7292:Ralph Abernathy 7280: 7236:Musical theater 7135: 7001:Great Migration 6973:COVID-19 impact 6931:Sit-in movement 6806: 6801: 6734:iUniverse, Inc. 6727: 6725:Further reading 6693:Wayback Machine 6656: 6651: 6636: 6632: 6623: 6619: 6611:Luebke (2005), 6610: 6606: 6596:Wayback Machine 6587: 6583: 6574: 6567: 6559:Luebke (2005), 6558: 6554: 6545: 6541: 6532: 6528: 6519: 6515: 6504: 6500: 6489: 6482: 6473:Wayback Machine 6464: 6460: 6449: 6445: 6434: 6430: 6421: 6417: 6407: 6405: 6397: 6396: 6392: 6382: 6380: 6372: 6371: 6367: 6358: 6354: 6344: 6342: 6334: 6333: 6329: 6320: 6316: 6307: 6303: 6297:Wayback Machine 6287: 6283: 6274: 6270: 6259: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6237:Wayback Machine 6227: 6223: 6217:Wayback Machine 6208: 6204: 6192: 6188: 6183: 6179: 6164: 6160: 6154:Wayback Machine 6141: 6137: 6127: 6123: 6114: 6110: 6100:The Negro Press 6094: 6090: 6084:Wayback Machine 6074: 6070: 6066:(1), pp. 59-60. 6061: 6057: 6048: 6044: 6039: 6035: 6023: 6019: 6013:Wayback Machine 6004: 6000: 5988: 5981: 5972: 5968: 5960: 5956: 5950:Wayback Machine 5940: 5936: 5930:Wayback Machine 5921: 5917: 5908: 5904: 5896: 5892: 5883: 5879: 5869: 5867: 5859: 5858: 5854: 5841: 5837: 5828: 5819: 5810: 5803: 5794: 5790: 5782: 5778: 5769: 5765: 5756: 5752: 5746:Wayback Machine 5737: 5733: 5725: 5721: 5715:Wayback Machine 5701: 5692: 5681: 5674: 5662: 5658: 5652:Wayback Machine 5642: 5638: 5632:Wayback Machine 5622: 5618: 5608: 5606: 5601: 5600: 5596: 5588: 5584: 5574: 5572: 5563: 5562: 5558: 5542: 5538: 5530: 5526: 5517: 5513: 5509:on May 6, 1998. 5500: 5496: 5487: 5483: 5477:Wayback Machine 5467: 5463: 5457:Authur Goodlett 5454: 5450: 5440:Wayback Machine 5427: 5423: 5416:Wayback Machine 5406: 5399: 5386: 5379: 5366: 5359: 5350:Wayback Machine 5341: 5334: 5323: 5319: 5309:Quintard Taylor 5307: 5303: 5293: 5291: 5286: 5285: 5281: 5272: 5268: 5252: 5237: 5227:Wayback Machine 5217: 5210: 5201: 5197: 5189: 5185: 5176: 5172: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5058: 5053: 5051: 5046:Nebraska portal 5044: 5039: 5037: 5034: 4935:Alphonso Wilson 4834:Gabrielle Union 4518:John Grant Pegg 4366:Arthur B. McCaw 4006:Tuskegee Airmen 4004:Captain in the 3919:Founder of the 3913:Bertha Calloway 3827:Founder of the 3658:John Adams, Sr. 3643:John Adams, Jr. 3593:(alphabetical) 3578: 3572: 3559: 3553: 3545:musical history 3510:Bertha Calloway 3506: 3461:youth activists 3391: 3336: 3304:Arthur B. McCaw 3193: 3187: 3141: 3092: 3086: 3072: 3025: 2926: 2819: 2813: 2764:Orchestra, the 2686:Louis Armstrong 2674:Jewell Building 2662: 2652: 2621:American Legion 2605: 2582:Lizzie Robinson 2526: 2521: 2515: 2498: 2400:Jack Broomfield 2380: 2369: 2363: 2360: 2349: 2337: 2326: 2244: 2155:, Italians and 2145:Near North Side 2140: 2083:John Grant Pegg 2060: 2052:Bar Association 2002:Near North Side 1951: 1945: 1933:Stephen H. Long 1909: 1851:Great Migration 1820:Winter Quarters 1803: 1788: 1740: 1738: 1731: 1730: 1725: 1681: 1637: 1629: 1628: 1623: 1568: 1530: 1506:Omaha, Nebraska 1471:Historic places 1465: 1357: 1228: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1179: 1138: 1130: 1129: 1124: 1106: 1058: 1000:Black Seminoles 965: 964:Sub-communities 957: 956: 943:Southern (SIAC) 903: 895: 894: 889: 844: 828: 820: 819: 814: 731: 697: 689: 688: 683: 669:Nation of Islam 635: 612: 593: 583: 582: 577: 518: 485: 452: 424: 385: 361:Musical theater 321: 311: 310: 292:Great Migration 149: 119: 47:Historic places 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10196: 10186: 10185: 10180: 10175: 10170: 10165: 10148: 10147: 10145: 10144: 10139: 10134: 10126: 10123: 10122: 10120: 10119: 10114: 10109: 10103: 10101: 10095: 10094: 10092: 10091: 10086: 10081: 10080: 10079: 10072:Public schools 10068: 10066: 10060: 10059: 10057: 10056: 10051: 10046: 10041: 10035: 10033: 10027: 10026: 10024: 10023: 10018: 10016:Racial tension 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9987: 9985: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9939: 9937: 9931: 9930: 9923: 9921: 9919: 9918: 9913: 9908: 9903: 9902: 9901: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9879:Transportation 9876: 9875: 9874: 9869: 9864: 9854: 9853: 9852: 9847: 9842: 9831: 9829: 9823: 9822: 9808: 9807: 9800: 9793: 9785: 9776: 9775: 9773: 9772: 9766: 9764: 9760: 9759: 9757: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9716:Florence Depot 9713: 9708: 9703: 9698: 9692: 9690: 9689:Transportation 9686: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9641: 9639: 9635: 9634: 9632: 9631: 9626: 9623: 9618: 9615: 9610: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9594: 9589: 9586: 9583: 9580: 9575: 9570: 9565: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9548:Lothrop School 9545: 9540: 9535: 9529: 9527: 9523: 9522: 9520: 9519: 9516: 9513: 9508: 9503: 9498: 9493: 9488: 9486:Fair Deal Cafe 9482: 9480: 9474: 9473: 9471: 9470: 9465: 9460: 9455: 9450: 9444: 9442: 9436: 9435: 9433: 9432: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9360:Redick Mansion 9357: 9352: 9347: 9341: 9339: 9333: 9332: 9330: 9329: 9324: 9319: 9314: 9308: 9306: 9302: 9301: 9299: 9298: 9293: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9222: 9220:Squatter's Row 9216: 9214: 9210: 9209: 9207: 9206: 9201: 9199:Racial tension 9196: 9190: 9188: 9182: 9181: 9174: 9173: 9166: 9159: 9151: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9121: 9114: 9109: 9104: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9081: 9079: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9071: 9069: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9048: 9046: 9042: 9041: 9039: 9038: 9033: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9008: 9003: 8998: 8992: 8990: 8986: 8985: 8983: 8982: 8977: 8972: 8967: 8962: 8960:Little Bohemia 8957: 8951: 8949: 8943: 8942: 8940: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8884: 8879: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8859: 8854: 8848: 8846: 8842: 8841: 8834: 8833: 8826: 8819: 8811: 8802: 8801: 8799: 8798: 8786: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8774: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8737: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8716: 8715: 8714: 8709: 8707:Visual artists 8704: 8699: 8694: 8689: 8684: 8679: 8674: 8669: 8667:Mathematicians 8664: 8659: 8654: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8628: 8626: 8622: 8621: 8619: 8618: 8617: 8616: 8608: 8603: 8602: 8601: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8581: 8573: 8572: 8571: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8545: 8543: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8517: 8516: 8511: 8506: 8501: 8491: 8486: 8484:South Carolina 8481: 8476: 8475: 8474: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8454:North Carolina 8451: 8450: 8449: 8439: 8434: 8433: 8432: 8422: 8417: 8416: 8415: 8407: 8406: 8405: 8399:Massachusetts 8397: 8396: 8395: 8385: 8380: 8379: 8378: 8368: 8363: 8362: 8361: 8351: 8346: 8345: 8344: 8334: 8329: 8328: 8327: 8317: 8316: 8315: 8310: 8300: 8295: 8294: 8293: 8288: 8278: 8273: 8267: 8265: 8261: 8260: 8258: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8244: 8243: 8241:social context 8238: 8228: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8206: 8200: 8198: 8194: 8193: 8191: 8190: 8189: 8188: 8183: 8173: 8168: 8167: 8166: 8161: 8151: 8150: 8149: 8138: 8136: 8132: 8131: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8122: 8121: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8095: 8094: 8092:Creek Freedmen 8089: 8084: 8079: 8069: 8067:Alabama Creole 8064: 8063: 8062: 8057: 8052: 8047: 8038: 8036: 8032: 8031: 8028: 8027: 8025: 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8007:Central (CIAA) 8003: 8001: 7996: 7993: 7992: 7990: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7969: 7964: 7959: 7954: 7949: 7944: 7939: 7934: 7928: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7914: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7889: 7884: 7879: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7843: 7841: 7836: 7833: 7832: 7830: 7829: 7824: 7823: 7822: 7812: 7807: 7802: 7800:Pan-Africanism 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7781: 7780: 7770: 7765: 7759: 7757: 7753: 7752: 7750: 7749: 7744: 7742:Black theology 7739: 7734: 7733: 7732: 7722: 7721: 7720: 7715: 7705: 7699: 7697: 7691: 7690: 7688: 7687: 7686: 7685: 7683:in STEM fields 7680: 7675: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7641: 7639: 7638:and technology 7633: 7632: 7630: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7577:Harriet Tubman 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7507:Michelle Obama 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7437:Barbara Jordan 7434: 7432:Harriet Jacobs 7429: 7424: 7419: 7414: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7329: 7324: 7322:Amelia Boynton 7319: 7314: 7309: 7304: 7299: 7294: 7288: 7286: 7285:Notable people 7282: 7281: 7279: 7278: 7273: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7228: 7223: 7221:LGBT community 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7202: 7201: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7145: 7143: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7117: 7116: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7073: 7068: 7061: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7020: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7008: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6975: 6970: 6965: 6964: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6936:Freedom Riders 6933: 6928: 6920: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6899: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6880: 6875: 6867: 6862: 6860:Black genocide 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6816: 6814: 6808: 6807: 6800: 6799: 6792: 6785: 6777: 6771: 6770: 6763: 6760:Midwest Review 6756: 6749: 6742: 6735: 6726: 6723: 6722: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6697: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6655: 6654:External links 6652: 6650: 6649: 6630: 6617: 6604: 6581: 6565: 6552: 6539: 6526: 6513: 6498: 6480: 6458: 6443: 6428: 6415: 6390: 6365: 6352: 6327: 6314: 6301: 6281: 6268: 6253: 6241: 6221: 6202: 6186: 6177: 6158: 6135: 6130:The Omaha Star 6121: 6108: 6088: 6068: 6055: 6042: 6033: 6017: 5998: 5979: 5966: 5962:"Ritz Theater" 5954: 5934: 5915: 5902: 5890: 5877: 5852: 5835: 5817: 5801: 5788: 5776: 5763: 5750: 5731: 5719: 5690: 5672: 5656: 5636: 5616: 5594: 5582: 5556: 5536: 5524: 5511: 5503:Omaha Progress 5494: 5481: 5461: 5448: 5421: 5397: 5377: 5357: 5332: 5317: 5301: 5279: 5266: 5235: 5208: 5195: 5183: 5170: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5151: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5098:Music in Omaha 5095: 5090: 5085: 5080: 5075: 5070: 5064: 5063: 5049: 5033: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5023: 5020: 5011: 5005: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4968: 4967: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4937: 4931: 4930: 4927: 4920: 4918: 4912: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4897: 4896: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4882: 4881: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4863: 4860: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4830: 4829: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4800: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4785: 4784: 4781: 4775: 4773: 4767: 4766: 4763: 4756: 4747: 4741: 4740: 4737: 4728: 4726: 4720: 4719: 4716: 4706: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4694: 4683:Heisman Trophy 4679: 4677: 4675:Johnny Rodgers 4671: 4670: 4667: 4664: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4638: 4629: 4622: 4621: 4620:1960s–present 4618: 4612: 4610: 4604: 4603: 4600: 4594: 4585: 4579: 4578: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4566: 4565: 4564:1960s–present 4562: 4559: 4557: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4536: 4535: 4532: 4529: 4520: 4514: 4513: 4510: 4504: 4502: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4474: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4457:1980s–present 4455: 4452:Houston Ballet 4448: 4446: 4440: 4439: 4436: 4430: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4407: 4406: 4405:1970s–present 4403: 4400: 4398: 4392: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4377: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4358: 4356:The Enterprise 4352: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4325: 4319: 4310: 4308:Ella Mahammitt 4304: 4303: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4289: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4259: 4258: 4257:1990s–present 4255: 4252: 4250: 4244: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4227:1970s–present 4225: 4219: 4217: 4211: 4210: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4196: 4195: 4194:1960s–present 4192: 4189: 4187: 4185:Wynonie Harris 4181: 4180: 4177: 4174: 4165: 4159: 4158: 4155: 4146: 4144: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4123: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4104: 4097:The Enterprise 4093: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4066: 4058: 4049: 4043: 4042: 4039: 4031: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4012: 4010:Tuskegee Field 4002: 4000: 3994: 3993: 3992:1970s–present 3990: 3987: 3985: 3983:Brenda Council 3979: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3963: 3957: 3956: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3942: 3941: 3940:1960s–present 3938: 3935: 3933: 3931:Ernie Chambers 3927: 3926: 3923: 3917: 3915: 3909: 3908: 3905: 3885:Former CEO of 3883: 3874: 3868: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3859: 3853: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3838: 3837: 3834: 3825: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3815:1970s–present 3813: 3810: 3808: 3802: 3801: 3798: 3788: 3786: 3780: 3779: 3776: 3770: 3768: 3762: 3761: 3760:1980s–present 3758: 3755: 3753: 3747: 3746: 3743: 3736: 3734: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3712: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3691: 3690: 3689:1980s–present 3687: 3684: 3675: 3669: 3668: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3635: 3634:Funk musician 3632: 3630: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3609: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3599: 3595: 3594: 3571: 3568: 3552: 3549: 3505: 3502: 3470:Ernie Chambers 3453:George Wallace 3390: 3387: 3358:public schools 3335: 3332: 3324:Black Panthers 3186: 3183: 3140: 3137: 3071: 3070:Race relations 3068: 3029:Fair Deal Cafe 3024: 3021: 3011:The Omaha Star 3003:Missouri River 2989:, founded the 2969:Ella Mahammitt 2925: 2922: 2902:Wynonie Harris 2870:territory band 2812: 2809: 2789:Wynonie Harris 2690:Lionel Hampton 2678:Duke Ellington 2656:Music of Omaha 2651: 2648: 2604: 2601: 2546:Prairie School 2525: 2522: 2514: 2511: 2497: 2494: 2485:Ernie Chambers 2481:Douglas County 2477:District Court 2475:to serve as a 2404:downtown Omaha 2382: 2381: 2340: 2338: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2264:strikebreakers 2243: 2240: 2232:Ernie Chambers 2149:Downtown Omaha 2139: 2136: 2128:strikebreakers 2059: 2056: 2033:The Enterprise 1953:After a short 1947:Main article: 1944: 1941: 1908: 1905: 1840:Ernie Chambers 1802: 1799: 1790: 1789: 1787: 1786: 1779: 1772: 1764: 1761: 1760: 1759: 1758: 1753: 1748: 1733: 1732: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1693: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1652:Black genocide 1648: 1645: 1644: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1631: 1630: 1625: 1624: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1567: 1566: 1561: 1559:US communities 1556: 1551: 1546: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1529: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1516:South Carolina 1513: 1511:North Carolina 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1367: 1364: 1363: 1359: 1358: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1333:South Carolina 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1313:North Carolina 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1201: 1200: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1170:Samaná English 1167: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1149: 1146: 1145: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1125: 1123: 1122: 1120:LGBT community 1116: 1113: 1112: 1108: 1107: 1105: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1077:Creek Freedmen 1074: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1047:Carmel Indians 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1002: 992: 987: 982: 976: 973: 972: 966: 963: 962: 959: 958: 953: 952: 951: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 928:Central (CIAA) 922: 921: 917: 916: 915: 914: 904: 901: 900: 897: 896: 891: 890: 888: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 839: 836: 835: 829: 826: 825: 822: 821: 816: 815: 813: 812: 807: 802: 797: 795:Pan-Africanism 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 747: 741: 738: 737: 733: 732: 730: 729: 724: 719: 714: 708: 705: 704: 698: 695: 694: 691: 690: 685: 684: 682: 681: 676: 671: 666: 661: 656: 651: 645: 642: 641: 637: 636: 634: 633: 628: 626:Black theology 622: 619: 618: 614: 613: 611: 610: 604: 601: 600: 594: 589: 588: 585: 584: 579: 578: 576: 575: 570: 563: 558: 557: 556: 546: 541: 540: 539: 528: 525: 524: 520: 519: 517: 516: 511: 506: 501: 495: 492: 491: 490:Economic class 487: 486: 484: 483: 478: 473: 468: 462: 459: 458: 454: 453: 451: 450: 445: 440: 434: 431: 430: 429:Academic study 426: 425: 423: 422: 417: 412: 406: 401: 395: 392: 391: 387: 386: 384: 383: 378: 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 332: 329: 328: 322: 317: 316: 313: 312: 307: 306: 305: 304: 299: 294: 286: 285: 281: 280: 279: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 250: 249: 245: 244: 243: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 211: 210: 200: 190: 185: 180: 175: 170: 165: 157: 156: 150: 145: 144: 141: 140: 134: 133: 121: 120: 118: 117: 110: 103: 95: 92: 91: 90: 89: 84: 79: 74: 72:Racial tension 69: 64: 59: 54: 52:Notable people 49: 41: 40: 34: 33: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10195: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10176: 10174: 10171: 10169: 10166: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10158: 10143: 10140: 10138: 10135: 10128: 10127: 10124: 10118: 10117:Ethnic groups 10115: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10104: 10102: 10100: 10096: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10078: 10075: 10074: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10067: 10065: 10061: 10055: 10052: 10050: 10047: 10045: 10042: 10040: 10037: 10036: 10034: 10032: 10028: 10022: 10021:Mall shooting 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9988: 9986: 9984: 9980: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9963:Neighborhoods 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9940: 9938: 9936: 9932: 9927: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9900: 9897: 9895: 9894:Omaha station 9892: 9890: 9889:Metro Transit 9887: 9885: 9882: 9881: 9880: 9877: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9865: 9863: 9860: 9859: 9858: 9855: 9851: 9848: 9846: 9843: 9841: 9838: 9837: 9836: 9833: 9832: 9830: 9828: 9824: 9820: 9819:City of Omaha 9806: 9801: 9799: 9794: 9792: 9787: 9786: 9783: 9771: 9768: 9767: 9765: 9761: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9721:Mormon Bridge 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9693: 9691: 9687: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9640: 9636: 9630: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9616: 9614: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9587: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9543:Kellom School 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9530: 9528: 9524: 9517: 9515:Florence Days 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9502: 9499: 9497: 9494: 9492: 9489: 9487: 9484: 9483: 9481: 9479: 9475: 9469: 9466: 9464: 9461: 9459: 9456: 9454: 9451: 9449: 9446: 9445: 9443: 9441: 9437: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9408: 9406: 9405:Storz Brewery 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9380:Cutler's Park 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9342: 9340: 9338: 9334: 9328: 9325: 9323: 9320: 9318: 9315: 9313: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9303: 9297: 9294: 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9253:Kountze Place 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9217: 9215: 9213:Neighborhoods 9211: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9191: 9189: 9187: 9183: 9179: 9172: 9167: 9165: 9160: 9158: 9153: 9152: 9149: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9126: 9122: 9120: 9119: 9115: 9113: 9110: 9108: 9105: 9103: 9102: 9098: 9096: 9095:DePorres Club 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9082: 9080: 9076: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9049: 9047: 9043: 9037: 9034: 9032: 9029: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9014: 9012: 9009: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8993: 8991: 8987: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8973: 8971: 8968: 8966: 8963: 8961: 8958: 8956: 8953: 8952: 8950: 8948: 8944: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8885: 8883: 8880: 8878: 8875: 8873: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8863: 8860: 8858: 8855: 8853: 8850: 8849: 8847: 8843: 8839: 8832: 8827: 8825: 8820: 8818: 8813: 8812: 8809: 8797: 8787: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8778: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8766:Neighborhoods 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8729:Sports firsts 8727: 8725: 8722: 8721: 8720: 8717: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8703: 8700: 8698: 8695: 8693: 8690: 8688: 8685: 8683: 8680: 8678: 8675: 8673: 8670: 8668: 8665: 8663: 8660: 8658: 8655: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8645: 8643: 8640: 8638: 8635: 8634: 8633: 8630: 8629: 8627: 8623: 8615: 8612: 8611: 8609: 8607: 8604: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8576: 8574: 8570: 8567: 8565: 8562: 8560: 8557: 8555: 8552: 8551: 8550: 8547: 8546: 8544: 8542: 8538: 8532: 8531:West Virginia 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8515: 8512: 8510: 8507: 8505: 8502: 8500: 8497: 8496: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8473: 8470: 8469: 8468:Pennsylvania 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8448: 8447:New York City 8445: 8444: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8431: 8428: 8427: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8414: 8411: 8410: 8408: 8404: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8394: 8391: 8390: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8377: 8374: 8373: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8360: 8357: 8356: 8355: 8352: 8350: 8347: 8343: 8340: 8339: 8338: 8335: 8333: 8330: 8326: 8323: 8322: 8321: 8318: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8305: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8292: 8291:San Francisco 8289: 8287: 8284: 8283: 8282: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8268: 8266: 8264:By state/city 8262: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8242: 8239: 8237: 8234: 8233: 8232: 8229: 8227: 8224: 8223: 8222: 8219: 8215: 8212: 8211: 8210: 8209:American Sign 8207: 8205: 8202: 8201: 8199: 8195: 8187: 8184: 8182: 8179: 8178: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8156: 8155: 8152: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8143: 8142:Neighborhoods 8140: 8139: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8124: 8120: 8117: 8116: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8074: 8073: 8072:Black Indians 8070: 8068: 8065: 8061: 8058: 8056: 8053: 8051: 8048: 8046: 8043: 8042: 8040: 8039: 8037: 8033: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8004: 8002: 7994: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7958: 7955: 7953: 7950: 7948: 7945: 7943: 7940: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7929: 7926: 7923: 7919: 7913: 7910: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7893: 7890: 7888: 7885: 7883: 7880: 7878: 7875: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7844: 7842: 7834: 7828: 7825: 7821: 7818: 7817: 7816: 7813: 7811: 7808: 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7779: 7776: 7775: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7760: 7758: 7754: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7731: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7723: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7710: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7670: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7650:Black schools 7648: 7646: 7645:Black studies 7643: 7642: 7640: 7634: 7628: 7627:Whitney Young 7625: 7623: 7620: 7618: 7617:Oprah Winfrey 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7587:Denmark Vesey 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7532:Joseph Rainey 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7487:Toni Morrison 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7472:Joseph Lowery 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7423: 7420: 7418: 7417:Jesse Jackson 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7407:Kamala Harris 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7392:Marcus Garvey 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7342:Blanche Bruce 7340: 7338: 7337:Edward Brooke 7335: 7333: 7330: 7328: 7327:James Bradley 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7307:James Baldwin 7305: 7303: 7300: 7298: 7295: 7293: 7290: 7289: 7287: 7283: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7251:Neighborhoods 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7200: 7197: 7196: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7138: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7115: 7112: 7111: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7104:Silent Parade 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7066: 7062: 7060: 7059: 7055: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7032:Jim Crow laws 7030: 7028: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6981: 6980: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6926: 6925: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6915: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6873: 6872: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6855:Black cowboys 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6809: 6805: 6798: 6793: 6791: 6786: 6784: 6779: 6778: 6775: 6768: 6764: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6750: 6747: 6743: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6729: 6728: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6704: 6703: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6690: 6687: 6682: 6679: 6676: 6673: 6670: 6667: 6664: 6661: 6658: 6657: 6646: 6645: 6640: 6634: 6627: 6621: 6614: 6608: 6601: 6597: 6593: 6590: 6585: 6578: 6572: 6570: 6562: 6556: 6549: 6543: 6536: 6530: 6523: 6517: 6510: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6494: 6487: 6485: 6477: 6474: 6470: 6467: 6462: 6456: 6454: 6447: 6441: 6439: 6432: 6425: 6419: 6404: 6400: 6394: 6379: 6378:Alba-valb.org 6375: 6369: 6362: 6356: 6341: 6337: 6331: 6324: 6318: 6311: 6305: 6298: 6294: 6291: 6285: 6278: 6272: 6265: 6264: 6257: 6250: 6245: 6238: 6234: 6231: 6225: 6218: 6214: 6211: 6206: 6199: 6195: 6190: 6181: 6174: 6173: 6168: 6162: 6155: 6151: 6148: 6146: 6139: 6132: 6131: 6125: 6118: 6112: 6105: 6101: 6097: 6092: 6085: 6081: 6078: 6072: 6065: 6059: 6052: 6046: 6037: 6030: 6026: 6021: 6014: 6010: 6007: 6002: 5996: 5992: 5986: 5984: 5976: 5970: 5963: 5958: 5951: 5947: 5944: 5938: 5931: 5927: 5924: 5923:Moses Dickson 5919: 5912: 5906: 5899: 5894: 5887: 5881: 5866: 5862: 5856: 5849: 5845: 5839: 5832: 5826: 5824: 5822: 5814: 5808: 5806: 5798: 5792: 5785: 5780: 5773: 5767: 5760: 5754: 5747: 5743: 5740: 5735: 5728: 5723: 5716: 5712: 5709: 5705: 5699: 5697: 5695: 5687: 5686: 5679: 5677: 5669: 5667: 5664:History 313: 5660: 5653: 5649: 5646: 5640: 5633: 5629: 5626: 5620: 5604: 5598: 5592: 5586: 5570: 5566: 5560: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5540: 5533: 5528: 5521: 5515: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5491: 5485: 5478: 5474: 5471: 5465: 5458: 5452: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5434: 5430: 5425: 5418: 5417: 5413: 5410: 5404: 5402: 5394: 5390: 5384: 5382: 5374: 5370: 5364: 5362: 5354: 5351: 5347: 5344: 5339: 5337: 5329: 5328: 5321: 5314: 5310: 5305: 5289: 5283: 5276: 5270: 5263: 5260: 5256: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5240: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5221: 5215: 5213: 5205: 5199: 5192: 5187: 5180: 5174: 5167: 5162: 5158: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5114: 5111: 5109: 5106: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5089: 5086: 5084: 5081: 5079: 5076: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5065: 5061: 5050: 5047: 5036: 5024: 5021: 5016: 5012: 5010: 5009:Whitney Young 5007: 5006: 5002: 4999: 4994: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4969: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4947: 4942: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4928: 4925: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4831: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4816: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4801: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4782: 4780: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4769: 4768: 4764: 4761: 4757: 4752: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4660: 4656: 4654: 4653:Silas Robbins 4651: 4650: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4634: 4630: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4619: 4617: 4613: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4605: 4601: 4599: 4595: 4590: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4556: 4555:Ed Poindexter 4553: 4552: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4530: 4525: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4470: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4435: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4423: 4419: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4378: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4330: 4326: 4324: 4320: 4315: 4311: 4309: 4306: 4305: 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Bell 3764: 3763: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3748: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3722: 3717: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3696: 3695:Comfort Baker 3693: 3692: 3688: 3685: 3680: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3670: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3640: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3628:Lester Abrams 3626: 3625: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3610: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3558: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3490: 3487: 3483: 3482:Vivian Strong 3478: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3438: 3432: 3429: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3350: 3345: 3341: 3331: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3308: 3305: 3300: 3297: 3293: 3290:, one of the 3289: 3284: 3282: 3278: 3273: 3271: 3270:Whitney Young 3267: 3266:American West 3263: 3259: 3252:Whitney Young 3250: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3231:Harry Haywood 3229: 3224: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3213:born in Omaha 3210: 3206: 3202: 3201:Marcus Garvey 3198: 3192: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3166: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3151:by banks and 3150: 3146: 3136: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3100: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3076: 3067: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3041:rock and roll 3038: 3034: 3030: 3020: 3017: 3013: 3012: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2973:Omaha Monitor 2970: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2949:Cyrus D. Bell 2946: 2942: 2935: 2930: 2921: 2919: 2918:Lester Abrams 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2898: 2896: 2895: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2829: 2825: 2823: 2818: 2808: 2806: 2800: 2798: 2794: 2793:rock and roll 2790: 2786: 2781: 2779: 2778:Mineola, Iowa 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2750:Simon Harrold 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2699: 2698:Whitney Young 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2661: 2657: 2647: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2628: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2558: 2554: 2549: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2531: 2520: 2510: 2506: 2503: 2493: 2491: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2473:Dave Heineman 2469: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2454:segregation. 2453: 2448: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2415: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2390:In 1892, Dr. 2388: 2378: 2375: 2367: 2357: 2353: 2347: 2346: 2341:This section 2339: 2335: 2330: 2329: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2299: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2253: 2248: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2209: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2138:Neighborhoods 2135: 2131: 2129: 2124: 2120: 2119: 2113: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2048:Silas Robbins 2045: 2041: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2020: 2018: 2009: 2005: 2003: 1999: 1994: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1982:Nebraska City 1979: 1974: 1972: 1971:Nebraska City 1968: 1964: 1963:voting rights 1960: 1956: 1950: 1940: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1921:William Clark 1918: 1914: 1904: 1902: 1896: 1893: 1889: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1836:Silas Robbins 1833: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1814:who lived at 1813: 1809: 1801:Early history 1798: 1796: 1785: 1780: 1778: 1773: 1771: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749: 1747: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1722: 1721:Minstrel show 1719: 1717: 1716:Magical Negro 1714: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1698: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1685: 1684: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1633: 1632: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1560: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1533: 1527: 1526:West Virginia 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1476: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1462: 1461:San Francisco 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1441:New York City 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1368: 1366: 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926: 925: 924: 923: 919: 918: 913: 910: 909: 908: 907: 899: 898: 886: 883: 881: 878: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 841: 840: 838: 837: 834:Organizations 833: 832: 824: 823: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 771: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 756: 753: 751: 748: 746: 743: 742: 740: 739: 735: 734: 728: 725: 723: 720: 718: 715: 713: 710: 709: 707: 706: 703:Organizations 702: 701: 693: 692: 680: 677: 675: 672: 670: 667: 665: 662: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 646: 644: 643: 639: 638: 632: 629: 627: 624: 623: 621: 620: 616: 615: 609: 606: 605: 603: 602: 598: 597: 592: 587: 586: 574: 571: 568: 564: 562: 559: 555: 552: 551: 550: 547: 545: 542: 538: 535: 534: 533: 530: 529: 527: 526: 522: 521: 515: 512: 510: 507: 505: 502: 500: 497: 496: 494: 493: 489: 488: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 461: 460: 456: 455: 449: 446: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 433: 432: 428: 427: 421: 418: 416: 413: 410: 407: 405: 402: 400: 397: 396: 394: 393: 389: 388: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 371:Neighborhoods 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 333: 331: 330: 326: 325: 320: 315: 314: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 289: 288: 287: 283: 282: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 253: 252: 251: 247: 246: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 209: 206: 205: 204: 201: 198: 194: 191: 189: 186: 184: 181: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 160: 159: 158: 154: 153: 148: 143: 142: 139: 136: 135: 131: 127: 126: 116: 111: 109: 104: 102: 97: 96: 94: 93: 88: 85: 83: 80: 78: 75: 73: 70: 68: 65: 63: 60: 58: 55: 53: 50: 48: 45: 44: 43: 42: 39: 36: 35: 31: 30: 27: 19: 10044:City Council 10011:Civil unrest 9467: 9345:Kountze Park 9268:Orchard Hill 9243:Gifford Park 9123: 9116: 9099: 8989:Institutions 8965:Little Italy 8851: 8682:Sportspeople 8652:Billionaires 8569:Sierra Leone 8472:Philadelphia 8429: 8308:Jacksonville 8135:Demographics 7967:Jack Johnson 7957:Muhammad Ali 7790:Conservatism 7725:Black church 7622:Andrew Young 7607:Ida B. Wells 7597:David Walker 7592:C. T. Vivian 7547:Paul Robeson 7542:Hiram Revels 7522:Colin Powell 7502:Barack Obama 7457:James Lawson 7412:Jimi Hendrix 7382:James Farmer 7377:Medgar Evers 7347:Ralph Bunche 7297:Maya Angelou 7271:Middle class 7149:Afrofuturism 7075: 7063: 7056: 6977: 6922: 6869: 6835:Afrocentrism 6825:Abolitionism 6766: 6759: 6752: 6745: 6738: 6731: 6700: 6684: 6642: 6633: 6625: 6620: 6612: 6607: 6599: 6584: 6576: 6560: 6555: 6547: 6542: 6534: 6529: 6521: 6516: 6506: 6501: 6491: 6476:Omaha Reader 6475: 6461: 6452: 6446: 6437: 6431: 6423: 6418: 6406:. Retrieved 6402: 6393: 6381:. Retrieved 6377: 6368: 6360: 6355: 6343:. Retrieved 6339: 6330: 6322: 6317: 6309: 6304: 6284: 6271: 6261: 6256: 6244: 6224: 6205: 6197: 6189: 6180: 6170: 6161: 6144: 6138: 6129: 6124: 6116: 6111: 6103: 6091: 6071: 6063: 6058: 6045: 6036: 6028: 6020: 6001: 5990: 5974: 5969: 5957: 5937: 5918: 5910: 5905: 5893: 5885: 5880: 5868:. Retrieved 5864: 5855: 5847: 5838: 5830: 5812: 5796: 5791: 5779: 5771: 5766: 5753: 5734: 5722: 5703: 5684: 5665: 5659: 5643:Rashidi, R. 5639: 5619: 5607:. Retrieved 5597: 5585: 5573:. Retrieved 5568: 5559: 5551: 5539: 5527: 5519: 5514: 5502: 5497: 5484: 5464: 5451: 5443: 5424: 5407: 5392: 5372: 5352: 5326: 5320: 5312: 5304: 5292:. Retrieved 5282: 5274: 5269: 5261: 5254: 5230: 5220:"Chapter One 5203: 5198: 5186: 5178: 5173: 5161: 5025:1930s–1960s 5003:1930s–1960s 4951:1890s–1910s 4929:1890s–1930s 4923: 4910:1930s–1970s 4880:1890s–1920s 4849:Luigi Waites 4828:1860s–1890s 4813:1890s–1930s 4798:1880s–1910s 4783:1920s–1940s 4736:) in the US 4731: 4724:Amber Ruffin 4669:1880s–1910s 4549:1900s–1950s 4534:1900s–1910s 4512:1910s–1930s 4494:1930s–1950s 4479:1850s–1890s 4444:Sandra Organ 4426:Rowena Moore 4420:1960s–1990s 4390:1920s–1960s 4375:1940s–1950s 4360:1890s–1940s 4355: 4342:1900s–1950s 4302:1950s–1990s 4299:Jazz player 4293:Preston Love 4287:1870s–1880s 4272:1960s–2010s 4248:Kenton Keith 4242:1920s–1950s 4233:Lloyd Hunter 4215:Cathy Hughes 4209:1940s–1970s 4157:1950s–1980s 4151:pitcher for 4136:1870s–1890s 4121:1890s–1950s 4100: 4096: 4083:1900s–1930s 4068:1870s–1920s 4061: 4041:1890s–1920s 4034: 4020:Dan Desdunes 3977:1890s–1900s 3955:1870s–1910s 3925:1960s–1990s 3907:1980s–1990s 3857:James Bryant 3836:1930s–1980s 3828: 3800:1950s–1960s 3778:1860s–1910s 3773: 3751:John Beasley 3740:The Progress 3739: 3726:1880s–1890s 3590: 3584: 3580: 3560: 3525:Rowena Moore 3518: 3507: 3491: 3479: 3446: 3435: 3433: 3425: 3406: 3347: 3344:white flight 3337: 3314:in 1958 and 3309: 3301: 3296:Rowena Moore 3285: 3274: 3262:Urban League 3255: 3225: 3194: 3167: 3142: 3116: 3108:Reno, Nevada 3104:Jack Johnson 3101: 3096:George Smith 3093: 3057: 3026: 3009: 3007: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2981: 2972: 2960: 2952: 2940: 2938: 2933: 2910:Jimi Hendrix 2899: 2892: 2885:Preston Love 2882: 2851: 2839:Lloyd Hunter 2831: 2827: 2822:Preston Love 2820: 2801: 2782: 2774:Lloyd Hunter 2746:Dan Desdunes 2738:Cab Calloway 2715: 2703: 2663: 2629: 2613:Royal Circle 2610: 2606: 2598: 2567: 2561: 2553:Tom Dennison 2550: 2527: 2507: 2502:firefighters 2499: 2470: 2456: 2451: 2444: 2440: 2420: 2408:Tom Dennison 2389: 2385: 2370: 2364:January 2022 2361: 2350:Please help 2345:verification 2342: 2319: 2300: 2285: 2257: 2251: 2225: 2221: 2212: 2196: 2169: 2141: 2132: 2122: 2116: 2114: 2110: 2088: 2081: 2061: 2058:20th century 2046:and in 1895 2037: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2014: 1995: 1990:Mayhew Cabin 1986:Allen Mayhew 1975: 1952: 1943:19th century 1929:black people 1913:black person 1910: 1897: 1876: 1844: 1824: 1804: 1794: 1793: 1619:Sierra Leone 1451:Philadelphia 1445: 1421:Jacksonville 1017:Brass Ankles 770:Conservatism 745:Afrocentrism 717:Joint Center 608:Black church 599:Institutions 514:Billionaires 504:Middle class 457:Celebrations 420:Fraternities 57:Neighborhood 37: 26: 9592:Benson High 9553:Long School 9538:Lake School 9425:Carter Lake 9415:The Sherman 9292:Casey's Row 9263:Walnut Hill 9258:Miller Park 8702:US senators 8672:Republicans 8657:Journalists 8514:San Antonio 8479:Puerto Rico 8420:Mississippi 8313:Tallahassee 8286:Los Angeles 7977:Jesse Owens 7962:Arthur Ashe 7820:Nationalism 7810:Raised fist 7773:Black power 7678:in medicine 7612:Roy Wilkins 7567:Emmett Till 7552:Al Sharpton 7317:Julian Bond 7312:James Bevel 7276:Upper class 7266:Stereotypes 7159:Black mecca 7071:Plantations 6850:Black Codes 6184:Bristow, D. 5609:January 31, 4981:1930s–1960 4966:1930s–1960 4948:Politician 4924:The Monitor 4895:1910s–1950 4865:1960s–2010 4745:Gale Sayers 4696:1960s–1980 4647:1880s–1900 4485:Johnny Owen 4411:Buddy Miles 4163:Ahman Green 4112:Lucy Gamble 3974:Journalist 3872:Herman Cain 3863:Journalist 3842:Willy Brown 3806:Frank Brown 3745:1880s–1931 3667:1922–1960s 3652:1932–1940s 3564:Minneapolis 3442:riot police 3417:Vietnam War 3409:black power 3402:North Omaha 3366:segregation 3334:Integration 3281:South Omaha 3235:South Omaha 3139:Segregation 2995:Omaha Guide 2961:Enterprise, 2906:Buddy Miles 2889:Count Basie 2770:Red Perkins 2754:Melody Boys 2682:Count Basie 2666:North Omaha 2632:Odd Fellows 2483:. In 1970 2303:Lucy Gamble 2242:Occupations 2163:was always 2099:Afrocentric 2017:North Omaha 1967:U.S. Census 1901:Minneapolis 1855:Los Angeles 1687:Stereotypes 1614:Nova Scotia 1496:Mississippi 1456:San Antonio 1436:Los Angeles 1371:Black mecca 1298:Mississippi 1205:Negro Dutch 1027:Dominickers 971:Multiethnic 880:TransAfrica 790:Nationalism 760:Black power 544:Black pride 509:Upper class 208:Politicians 10157:Categories 10112:Synagogues 10031:Government 9973:Boulevards 9916:Cemeteries 9862:Businesses 9731:North 24th 9563:North High 9395:Fort Omaha 9278:East Omaha 9248:Gold Coast 9238:Bemis Park 9224:Gophertown 9125:Omaha Star 8975:Sheelytown 8955:Greek Town 8937:Ukrainians 8647:Astronauts 8437:New Jersey 8281:California 7785:Capitalism 7582:Nat Turner 7512:Rosa Parks 7497:Diane Nash 7467:John Lewis 7256:Newspapers 7226:Literature 7211:Juneteenth 7164:Businesses 7018:Exodusters 6986:Free Negro 6762:10: 14–32. 6145:Omaha Star 6006:"About Us" 5154:References 4892:Architect 4702:Joe Rogers 4644:, in 1892 4608:Billy Rich 4583:Ron Prince 4402:Guitarist 4278:John Lewis 4142:Bob Gibson 4103:in Denver 3833:newspaper 3830:Omaha Star 3784:Bob Boozer 3389:Race riots 3340:West Omaha 3132:Fort Omaha 2934:Omaha Star 2894:Omaha Star 2866:Nat Towles 2617:cotillions 2490:term limit 2208:low-income 2184:Fort Omaha 2176:Will Brown 2165:integrated 2106:Deep South 1253:California 1227:Population 800:Patriotism 785:Liberalism 765:Capitalism 736:Ideologies 617:Theologies 476:Juneteenth 448:Literature 376:Newspapers 284:Migrations 215:Juneteenth 10142:Buildings 10064:Education 9948:Landmarks 9935:Geography 9911:Hospitals 9884:Railroads 9558:Tech High 9375:Fort Lisa 9337:Landmarks 9288:Scriptown 8867:Canadians 8761:Monuments 8637:Activists 8489:Tennessee 8409:Michigan 8393:Baltimore 8383:Louisiana 8376:Lexington 8359:Davenport 8298:Cleveland 8197:Languages 8126:Melungeon 8104:Blaxicans 7972:Joe Louis 7827:Socialism 7763:Anarchism 7492:Bob Moses 7477:Malcolm X 7397:Fred Gray 7261:Soul food 7199:New Negro 7184:Folktales 7094:Redlining 6615:, p. 372. 6563:, p. 334. 6426:, p. 129. 6408:March 16, 6383:March 16, 6345:March 16, 6098:(1939), " 5913:, p. 107. 5870:March 16, 5575:March 16, 5546:. 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