717:, which was attempting to provide the pilots with basic flight data. This led to extreme confusion in the cockpit as the pilots were provided with some data (altitude) which seemed to correlate correctly with instrument data (altimeter) while the other data provided by ATC (approximate airspeed) did not agree. Although the pilots were quite cognizant of the possibility that all of the flight instruments were providing inaccurate data, the correlation between the altitude data given by ATC and that on the altimeter likely further compounded the confusion. Also contributing to their difficulty were the numerous cockpit alarms that the computer system generated, which conflicted both with each other and with the instruments. This lack of
27:
873:
887:
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in May 1997. According to the complaint, the flightdeck errors were caused by careless maintenance by
Aeroperú and negligence and defective design by Boeing. Boeing argued that it was not at fault, and that responsibility for the accident lay with the employee who did not remove the tape from the static ports, and the aircraft's pilot for not noticing the tape still applied by visual check. Richard Rodriguez of the
915:
1659:
1148:. At 3:04 the narrator states "Most are Chileans on their way home." The portion where Richard Rodriguez speaks of how he accepted Guido Fernandez's participation is at 33:20/51:42. The part where Rodriguez discusses his view on how Schrieber missed the tape is at 45:28/51:42. Eidson speaks about the manner of death at 49:09/51:42 (the
480:
Faced with a lack of reliable basic flight instrument readings, constant contradictory warnings from the aircraft's flight computer (some of which were valid and some of which were not) and believing that they were at a safe altitude, the crew decided to begin descent for the approach to the airport.
747:
instead of the brightly colored tape that he was supposed to use. In addition, Rodriguez said that the pitot-static ports were high above the ground, meaning that
Schreiber could not have seen the tape against the fuselage. After extensive litigation, the parties agreed to transfer the case against
738:
Mike Eidson, an
American attorney, represented 41 passengers and crew in a lawsuit contending that the aircraft's manufacturer, Boeing, bore responsibility for the disaster, as the company ought to have foreseen the misuse of its products. The suit was filed against Boeing in federal court in Miami
476:
The pilots incorrectly believed that they could figure out the actual aircraft altitude by asking the controller, but neither the pilots nor the controller realized that the altitude information displayed on the controller's screen was sent from the aircraft's Mode C Transponder. As the transponder
496:
to take off and to help guide the 757 in to land, but it was too late. The 757's left wingtip clipped the water approximately 25 minutes after the emergency declaration, tearing off a part of the left wing. The pilots desperately clawed for altitude and managed to get the 757 airborne again for 19
787:
Peruvian air accident investigator Guido Fernández criticized the ruling, stating that the maintenance worker was relatively uneducated and had little understanding of what he did. Fernández argued that his supervisors bore more responsibility, yet
Chacaliaza was the one prosecuted by the system.
696:
The static ports are vital to the operation of virtually all of those flight instruments that provide basic aerodynamic data such as airspeed, altitude and vertical speed, not only to the pilots but also to the aircraft's computers, which provide additional functions, such as warnings when flight
712:
As a result of the blocked static ports, the basic flight instruments relayed false airspeed, altitude and vertical speed data. Because the failure was not in any of the instruments, but rather in a common supporting system, thereby defeating redundancy, the erroneous altimeter data was also
704:
The design of the aircraft did not incorporate a system of maintenance covers for the static ports. Such covers are commonly employed in aviation for blocking access to critical components when the aircraft is not in operation and are generally a bright color and carry flags (which may have
481:
Since the flight was at night over water, no visual references were available to convey to the pilots their true altitude or to aid their descent. As a consequence of the pilots' inability to precisely monitor the aircraft's airspeed or vertical speed, they experienced multiple
725:
transcript. That the flight took place at night and over water, thus not giving the pilots any visual references, was also identified as a major factor. The official accident report concluded that the flight crew, distracted by the conflicting warnings, did not heed the
697:
characteristics approach dangerous levels. The blockage of all of the static ports is one of the few common-failure modes resulting in total failure of multiple basic flight instruments and as such is regarded as one of the most serious faults that can occur within the
1152:
narrator stating that the manner of death caused the large settlement was around 48:30). The part where
Fernandez discusses his view of the maintenance worker's culpability is at 46:10/51:42. Rodriguez, Guido Fernandez, and Eidson are shown directly speaking in the
759:
On
December 13, 1999, family members of the flight's passengers received one of the largest compensations stemming from an aviation accident outside the United States aboard a non-U.S. carrier, averaging nearly $ 1 million per victim.
485:, resulting in rapid loss of altitude with no corresponding change on the altimeter. While the altimeter indicated an altitude of approximately 9,700 feet (3,000 m), the aircraft's true altitude was much lower.
1164:"r/CatastrophicFailure - Aeroperu 603 CVR Recording from 1996, in which a 757's flight computers are deprived of critical information and fail over the ocean at night, resulting in 70 deaths 30 minutes later"
1383:
Robles, Ricardo, Presidente, Commission of
Accident Investigations (CAII), Director General of Air Transport (DGAT) of Peru. 1996. Final report, Boeing 757-200 Accident, Aeroperu, 2 October 1996. Lima,
373:
Flying over water, at night, with no visual references, the pilots were unaware of their true altitude, and struggled to control and navigate the aircraft. The investigation determined that the
659:
The chief
Peruvian accident investigator, Guido Fernández Lañas, was the uncle of the co-pilot, David Fernández. There were some reservations about the potential conflict of interest, but the
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2079:
1844:
442:. There were 180 passengers on the first leg of the flight on a Boeing 757. Of those, 119 had exited the plane, and the remaining passengers were transferred to another Boeing 757.
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in 1998. Four other defendants were acquitted. Chacaliaza said he would appeal the ruling, claiming that sabotage brought down the plane and that he had removed the adhesive tape.
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was receiving the same erroneous altitude information being displayed on the aircraft's altimeter, the altitude on the controller's display was also incorrect.
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seconds, but due to the damage to the left wing the aircraft rolled over and slammed into the water near-inverted. All 70 passengers and crew died.
82:
1396:
1163:
709:" markings). Instead, the design of the aircraft and the relevant maintenance procedure called for the use of adhesive tape to cover the ports.
693:) after the aircraft was cleaned and polished, eventually leading to the crash. Employee Eleuterio Chacaliaza had left the tape on by mistake.
2323:
355:
225:
2490:
1520:
1347:
422:
was 58-year-old Eric
Schreiber Ladrón de Guevara, who had logged almost 22,000 flight hours (including 1,520 hours on the Boeing 757). The
2485:
410:
on April 1, 1994. The lease transferred back to Ansett in
February 1995, and Aeroperú continued to operate the aircraft until it crashed.
377:
were unable to show correct airspeed and altitude on cockpit displays because a maintenance worker had failed to remove tape covering the
1208:
1963:
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This aircraft took off 42 minutes after midnight (05:42 UTC) on October 2, and the crew immediately discovered that their basic
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aircraft flying the final leg of the flight crashed into the Pacific Ocean. There were no survivors among 70 people on board.
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was 42-year-old David Fernández Revoredo, who had logged almost 8,000 flight hours, with 719 of them on the Boeing 757.
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210:
842:
In 2018, A brief breakdown of Flight 603 is featured in “Instrument Confusion”, a Season 3 episode for the TV series “
1445:
1034:. Accident Investigation Board, Directorate General of Air Transport, Ministry of Transportation and Communications.
685:
Later investigation into the accident revealed that adhesive tape had been accidentally left over some or all of the
663:-appointed investigator, Richard Rodriguez, determined that Fernández Lañas could properly investigate the accident.
636:
After the accident, Aeroperú changed the number of its evening Miami-Lima-Santiago Boeing 757 service to Flight 691.
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said that it was understandable that Schreiber did not find the tape because the maintenance worker had used
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2017:
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1029:"ACCIDENT OF THE BOEING 757-200 AIRCRAFT OPERATED BY EMPRESA DE TRANSPORTE AÉREO DEL PERÚ S.A. AEROPERÚ"
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After the crash, recovery crews found nine bodies floating, but 61 bodies had sunk with the aircraft.
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were behaving erratically, and reported receiving contradictory serial emergency messages from the
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26:
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1998:
1990:
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756:, for a determination of the damages. The defendants agreed to not contest liability in Chile.
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656:(CAI) of the Director General of Air Transport (DGAT) of Peru wrote the final accident report.
489:
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2440:
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2113:
1357:
951:
718:
620:; all of the originating passengers were Chilean. An additional 10 passengers had boarded in
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collected the floating wreckage. After the Peruvian authorities asked for assistance, the
8:
1982:
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provided equipment to locate the underwater wreckage of the Boeing 757 and retrieve its
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1947:
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channel of Wonder Documentaries, a part of Little Dot Studios Network, a subsidiary of
948:, which also took place in 1996 and also involved a 757-200, with similar circumstances
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331:
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1901:
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473:. The crew declared an emergency and requested an immediate return to the airport.
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theater company in New York. In 2013 a film version of the play was released.
2434:
1694:, by the Accident Investigation Board, Directorate General of Air Transport,
1625:
1408:
1220:
667:
505:
About half of the passengers on the flight were Chileans returning to Chile.
97:
84:
68:
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1462:"Close-Up: Aeroperu 603 Voice Recorder Transcription (English Translation)"
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310:
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1523:[DEBT OF THE AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT REQUEST GREATER CIVIL REPAIR].
1274:[70 people died in a Peruvian plane that fell into the sea].
1145:
744:
462:
316:
1397:"World News Briefs; $ 29 Million for Victims Of 1996 Peru Air Crash"
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829:(CVR) of the incident was incorporated into the script of the play
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stated that the manner of the crash resulting in the passengers'
184:
1726:
AvWeb - AeroPeru 603 Cockpit Voice Recorder transcript (Spanish)
1716:
AvWeb - AeroPeru 603 Cockpit Voice Recorder transcript (English)
914:
2461:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by maintenance errors
2456:
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by instrument failure
1497:. Law Firm Colson Hicks Eidson Attorneys. December 13, 1999.
1241:"Searchers comb Pacific for more bodies after Peruvian crash"
621:
617:
359:
199:
180:
1852:
1521:"DEUDOS DEL ACCIDENTE AEROPERU PIDEN MAYOR REPARACION CIVIL"
1084:"AeroPeru N52AW (Boeing 757 - MSN 25489) (Ex XA-SKR XA-SME)"
797:
The events of Flight 603 were featured in "Flying Blind", a
1783:
Searchers comb Pacific for more bodies after Peruvian crash
740:
625:
363:
214:
76:
72:
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AeroPeru 603 Cockpit Voice Recorder Original Audio Parte 3
1748:
AeroPeru 603 Cockpit Voice Recorder Original Audio Parte 2
1737:
AeroPeru 603 Cockpit Voice Recorder Original Audio Parte 1
1336:(Aeroperú's inflight magazine), Issue 17, July–August 1997
1272:"Murieron 70 personas en un avión peruano que cayó al mar"
730:
reading after descending through 2,500 feet (760 m).
1787:
1774:
1440:. Santa Barbara: Aegean Publishing Company. p. 131.
1245:
1209:"70 on Peru Jet Believed Dead After Crash In the Pacific"
1621:"Step inside the cockpit of six real-life air disasters"
398:, was delivered new from Boeing on December 2, 1992, to
2476:
Aviation accidents and incidents in the Pacific Ocean
854:
1548:[AIRPORT INDEMNIFIES VICTIMS OF ACCIDENT].
1883:Cordillera Carpish Faucett Perú Douglas C-54 crash
1345:
453:, including the altitude and airspeed indicator,
2481:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 757
2432:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
639:
60:Crashed into ocean following instrument failure
1812:News and Comment on the Aeroperu B757 Accident
2073:
1838:
1696:Ministry of Transportation and Communications
1672:Final Report (unofficial English translation)
1278:(in Spanish). October 3, 1996. Archived from
434:On October 1, 1996, Aeroperú Flight 603 from
196:Mariscal Sucre International Airport (former)
1311:(in Spanish). 2 October 1996. Archived from
1008:
406:on 27 September 1993 and then sub-leased to
31:N52AW, the aircraft involved in the accident
2324:TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais Flight 402
1770:Computer failure puzzling in Peruvian crash
1491:"Aeroperu Crash Victims Win Landmark Award"
1485:
1483:
768:was responsible for the large settlements.
356:Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport
226:Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport
2080:
2066:
1845:
1831:
1546:"AEROPERÚ INDEMNIZA VÍCTIMAS DE ACCIDENTE"
624:. The remaining passengers had boarded in
25:
1353:Aircraft Accident Analysis: Final Reports
1126:
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2471:Aviation accidents and incidents in Peru
2466:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1996
2026:Helicópteros del Pacífico Mil Mi-8 crash
1853:Aviation accidents and incidents in Peru
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748:Boeing and Aeroperú to an international
350:) was a scheduled passenger flight from
71:, 89 km (55 mi) northwest off
771:
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616:Of the passengers, 21 originated from
358:in Santiago, Chile, with stopovers in
2061:
1964:Occidental Petroleum Boeing 737 crash
1826:
1433:
1422:
1101:
791:
776:Chacaliaza was convicted in Peru for
654:Commission of Accident Investigations
2491:October 1996 events in South America
1706:National Transportation Safety Board
1309:Consorcio Periodístico de Chile S.A.
811:. The flight was also included in a
661:National Transportation Safety Board
733:
13:
2384:Dirgantara Air Service Flight 5940
1140:- Posted on the official verified
801:episode of the Canadian TV series
211:Jorge Chavez International Airport
14:
2512:
1644:
934:
822:titled "Who's Flying the Plane?".
281:Eleuterio Chacaliaza, four others
2486:Aeroperú accidents and incidents
2214:Belgian Air Force Hercules crash
2090:Aviation accidents and incidents
1657:
1292:Integraban la lista 30 chilenos,
1215:. Associated Press. 1996-10-03.
913:
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381:ports on the aircraft exterior.
2344:Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision
1613:
1588:
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1513:
1501:from the original on 2020-02-05
1454:
1437:The Atomic Chef, Caught on Tape
1389:
1339:
1327:
1297:
1060:"N52AW Aeroperú Boeing 757-200"
1041:from the original on 2012-12-02
989:
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1:
2364:Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961
1663:airliners.net's Photo gallery
1601:. Season 6. Episode 3. 2007.
1576:. Season 1. Episode 4. 2003.
1002:
967:Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501
500:
384:
2254:Vnukovo Airlines Flight 2801
2184:Eastwind Airlines Flight 517
2164:Formosa Airlines Flight 7613
1403:. Reuters. 22 January 1998.
977:Turkish Airlines Flight 5904
640:Search, rescue, and recovery
631:
7:
2404:New Hampshire Learjet crash
2394:Airborne Express Flight 827
2204:Delta Air Lines Flight 1288
2194:Garuda Indonesia Flight 865
1702:In reply refer to: A-96-141
1607:National Geographic Channel
1595:"Who's Flying the Plane?".
1582:National Geographic Channel
1185:"Case Study: Aero Peru 603"
850:
436:Miami International Airport
429:
389:
352:Miami International Airport
177:Miami International Airport
10:
2517:
2244:Spair Airlines Flight 3601
972:West Air Sweden Flight 294
451:flight management computer
366:. On October 2, 1996, the
2496:1996 disasters in Oceania
2413:
2274:FedEx Express Flight 1406
2105:
2036:
2009:
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689:(on the underside of the
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2304:Westendorff UFO sighting
2284:Texel Douglas DC-3 crash
1929:Alianza Lima plane crash
1603:Discovery Channel Canada
1578:Discovery Channel Canada
1552:(in Spanish). 1998-01-22
1527:(in Spanish). 1998-08-11
1358:McGraw Hill Professional
995:11 passengers and 9 crew
982:
45:2 October 1996
2354:Quincy Airport disaster
2334:ADC Airlines Flight 086
2144:Faucett Perú Flight 251
2124:LAC Colombia Flight 028
1817:University of Bielefeld
1259:There were 30 Chileans,
827:cockpit voice recording
413:
2501:1996 disasters in Peru
2045:LATAM Perú Flight 2213
2018:Amazon Sky An-26 crash
1806:Alternative of archive
1708:. November 15, 1996. (
1679:Alternative of archive
1434:Casey, Steven (2006).
1348:Sumwalt III, Robert L.
837:Collective:Unconscious
723:cockpit voice recorder
680:cockpit voice recorder
490:air traffic controller
354:in Miami, Florida, to
16:1996 aviation accident
2314:Millon Air Flight 406
2264:Hemus Air Flight 7081
1307:[CHRONICLE].
1064:www.planespotters.net
1048:– via SKYbrary.
952:Air France Flight 447
844:Aircrash Confidential
780:and given a two-year
719:situational awareness
2134:Birgenair Flight 301
1999:TANS Perú Flight 204
1991:TANS Perú Flight 222
1791:. October 2, 1996. (
1090:. Airfleets aviation
946:Birgenair Flight 301
941:Air India Flight 855
832:Charlie Victor Romeo
772:Criminal prosecution
721:was revealed by the
707:remove before flight
676:flight data recorder
289:Eleuterio Chacaliaza
2422:► 1997
2416:1995 ◄
2294:Aeroperú Flight 603
1956:Aeroperú Flight 603
1525:cdn.preterhuman.net
1495:Colson Hicks Eidson
1346:Walters, James M.;
962:Lion Air Flight 610
957:Adam Air Flight 574
929:Pitot-static system
818:Science of Disaster
715:air traffic control
402:. It was leased to
379:pitot-static system
344:Aeroperú Flight 603
94: /
21:
20:Aeroperú Flight 603
2419:
2174:ValuJet Flight 592
1948:Faucett Flight 251
1799:List of passengers
1778:. October 3, 1996.
1629:. January 26, 2014
1401:The New York Times
1213:The New York Times
1166:. 18 February 2017
792:In popular culture
782:suspended sentence
778:negligent homicide
672:United States Navy
447:flight instruments
438:had landed at the
375:air data computers
332:suspended sentence
315:Four others found
298:Negligent homicide
119:Aircraft type
19:
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1367:978-0-07-137984-7
1249:. October 2, 1996
1088:www.airfleets.net
614:
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309:Chacaliaza found
98:11.817°S 77.850°W
2508:
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2234:Airstan incident
2154:USAF CT-43 crash
2114:Air Africa crash
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835:produced by the
816:Season 6 (2007)
807:, also known as
734:Legal settlement
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809:Air Disasters
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173:Flight origin
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69:Pacific Ocean
67:
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28:
23:
2441:1996 in Peru
2293:
2028:(April 2013)
1985:(April 2001)
1955:
1877:(April 1966)
1815:
1786:
1773:
1681:) hosted at
1631:. Retrieved
1624:
1615:
1596:
1590:
1571:
1565:
1554:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1529:. Retrieved
1524:
1515:
1503:. Retrieved
1494:
1470:. Retrieved
1465:
1456:
1436:
1412:. Retrieved
1400:
1391:
1382:
1379:Google Books
1377:– via
1371:. Retrieved
1352:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1317:. Retrieved
1313:the original
1308:
1299:
1291:
1284:. Retrieved
1280:the original
1275:
1266:
1258:
1251:. Retrieved
1244:
1235:
1224:. Retrieved
1212:
1203:
1192:. Retrieved
1189:code7700.com
1188:
1179:
1168:. Retrieved
1158:
1153:documentary.
1149:
1135:
1132:Flying Blind
1092:. Retrieved
1087:
1078:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:
1054:
1043:. Retrieved
991:
921:1990s portal
893:Chile portal
830:
817:
812:
808:
802:
786:
775:
761:
758:
737:
711:
703:
695:
687:static ports
684:
665:
658:
651:
643:
635:
615:
504:
487:
479:
475:
455:rudder ratio
444:
440:Lima Airport
433:
417:
393:
372:
348:PL603/PLI603
347:
343:
342:
192:1st stopover
164:Registration
158:AEROPERÚ 603
865:Peru portal
750:arbitration
559:New Zealand
328:Chacaliaza:
222:Destination
101: /
2435:Categories
1966:(May 1998)
1556:2020-05-15
1531:2020-05-15
1226:2020-05-15
1194:2020-05-15
1170:2021-07-04
1094:2020-05-15
1069:2020-05-15
1045:2018-12-29
1003:References
501:Passengers
494:Boeing 707
467:underspeed
404:Aeroméxico
385:Background
364:Lima, Peru
317:not guilty
261:Fatalities
245:Passengers
49:1996-10-02
1633:March 26,
1550:El Tiempo
1466:avweb.com
1409:0362-4331
1305:"CRONICA"
1221:0362-4331
1146:All3Media
745:duct tape
701:systems.
632:Aftermath
599:Venezuela
463:overspeed
286:Convicted
269:Survivors
237:Occupants
202:, Ecuador
155:Call sign
2374:RA-78804
1683:SKYbrary
1499:Archived
1036:Archived
851:See also
766:drowning
754:Santiago
699:avionics
691:fuselage
527:Colombia
430:Accident
408:Aeroperú
390:Aircraft
325:Sentence
230:Santiago
133:Aeroperú
129:Operator
114:Aircraft
37:Accident
2094: (
2092:in 1996
1803:Archive
1793:Archive
1764:YouTube
1753:YouTube
1742:YouTube
1730:Archive
1720:Archive
1710:Archive
1692:Spanish
1676:Archive
1505:June 1,
1414:11 June
1334:Volando
1319:11 June
1286:11 June
1253:11 June
1142:YouTube
820:special
535:Ecuador
514:Number
420:captain
330:2-year
304:Verdict
294:Charges
278:Accused
232:, Chile
185:Florida
89:77°51′W
86:11°49′S
57:Summary
47: (
2400:Dec 24
2390:Dec 22
2370:Nov 27
2360:Nov 23
2350:Nov 19
2340:Nov 12
2320:Oct 31
2310:Oct 22
2280:Sep 25
2250:Aug 29
2240:Aug 19
2230:Aug 16
2220:Jul 17
2210:Jul 15
2190:Jun 13
2170:May 11
2140:Feb 29
1598:Mayday
1573:Mayday
1472:26 May
1444:
1407:
1373:11 May
1364:
1219:
1150:Mayday
1137:Mayday
813:Mayday
804:Mayday
762:Mayday
551:Mexico
511:Nation
483:stalls
362:, and
311:guilty
217:, Peru
150:PLI603
2380:Dec 9
2330:Nov 7
2300:Oct 5
2290:Oct 2
2270:Sep 5
2260:Sep 3
2200:Jul 6
2180:Jun 9
2160:Apr 5
2150:Apr 3
2130:Feb 6
2120:Feb 4
2110:Jan 8
2037:2020s
2010:2010s
1975:2000s
1940:1990s
1921:1980s
1894:1970s
1859:1960s
1690:, in
1384:Peru.
1039:(PDF)
1032:(PDF)
983:Notes
622:Quito
618:Miami
607:Total
575:Spain
543:Italy
519:Chile
200:Quito
181:Miami
168:N52AW
142:PL603
2096:1996
1635:2018
1507:2009
1474:2015
1442:ISBN
1416:2009
1405:ISSN
1375:2011
1362:ISBN
1321:2009
1288:2009
1255:2009
1217:ISSN
741:NTSB
678:and
666:The
652:The
626:Lima
567:Peru
488:The
469:and
418:The
414:Crew
253:Crew
215:Lima
77:Peru
73:Lima
65:Site
42:Date
1788:CNN
1785:,"
1775:CNN
1772:."
1762:on
1751:on
1740:on
1704:."
1246:CNN
1134:",
752:in
610:70
570:20
522:30
2437::
1814:-
1623:.
1605:/
1580:/
1493:.
1482:^
1464:.
1424:^
1399:.
1381:.
1356:.
1290:.
1257:.
1243:.
1211:.
1187:.
1103:^
1086:.
1062:.
1010:^
682:.
628:.
602:1
594:4
586:2
578:1
562:1
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546:2
538:2
530:1
465:,
461:,
457:,
272:0
264:70
248:61
240:70
183:,
75:,
2098:)
2081:e
2074:t
2067:v
1846:e
1839:t
1832:v
1808:)
1801:(
1795:)
1781:"
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1728:(
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1718:(
1712:)
1700:"
1674:(
1637:.
1609:.
1584:.
1559:.
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1476:.
1450:.
1418:.
1323:.
1229:.
1197:.
1173:.
1130:"
1097:.
1072:.
846:”
705:"
346:(
256:9
51:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
