33:
822:
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757:
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354:
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1971:
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616:, site of Atatürk's birthplace. The damage to the house was minimal, with some broken windows. In retaliation, in Istanbul thousands of shops, houses, churches and even graves belonging to members of the ethnic Greek minority were destroyed within a few hours, over a dozen people were killed and many more injured.
881:
While remaining pro-Western, he was more active than his predecessors in building relations with Muslim states. Menderes had a more liberal economic policy than earlier prime ministers, and allowed more private enterprise. In general, his economic policies of high agricultural spending, especially in
857:
pictures back, which were taken off when Inönü became president in 1938. Thanks to the public support and the legacy of Atatürk, it was a successful move, even if the
Turkish law under the former president stated that the image of the president of the country would be placed on the banknotes (in this
507:
1018:
in İzmir are named after him. Two high schools, Istanbul
Bahcelievler Adnan Menderes Anadolu Lisesi and Aydın Adnan Menderes Anadolu Lisesi, also adopted his name. There are numerous city districts, boulevards and streets named after him by city councils in cities large and small, all across Turkey.
697:
of planning the riots, finding that the supposed assault was in fact a provocation organised by the
Menderes government, which planted the bomb in Thessaloniki and also bussed infuriated villagers from Anatolia into Istanbul with the aim of "punishing" Greeks. Menderes subsequently apologized and
894:
who, in a personal patriotic memorandum, had advocated that
Menderes should become the president of the republic to secure the national unity, became increasingly unpopular among the intellectuals, university students and a group of radical young officers in the military, who feared that
889:
and had journalists arrested, as well as attempting to oppress the opposing political parties and take institutions such as universities under his control. Menderes who was well liked by the people in general and also had the support of the Army Chief of Staff
General
1022:
In 2006, Mehmet Feyyat, attorney general of
Istanbul at the time, suggested that "İsmet İnönü and Cemal Gürsel placed phone calls to the prison's administration for Menderes' execution to be halted but the Communications Office of the junta cut the lines off".
646:
Deflecting domestic attention to Cyprus was politically convenient for the
Menderes government, which was suffering from an ailing economy. Although a minority, the Greek population played a prominent role in the city's business life, making it a convenient
623:, formed part of the backdrop to the pogrom. The United Kingdom invited Turkey and Greece to a conference in London, which started on 26 August 1955. The day before the Tripartite London Conference (29 August – 7 September 1955) began, Menderes claimed that
576:
Other historical accounts highlight the economic crisis in the mid-1950s, during
Menderes's term, which saw Turkey's economy contract (with an 11% GDP/capita decrease in 1954), as one of the reasons for the government's orchestration of the
978:), after these two major parties among themselves took the majority of the votes in 1961 elections. Adalet Partisi, the successor of the heritage of Menderes, would win victories in later elections especially under the leadership of
848:
influences. He opened thousands of mosques across the country and as such, he was blamed by his political opponents for using religion as a tool for political gain. One of his first political moves was to exclude the pictures of
530:. The motion was not approved by any member of the Turkish parliament except for the four who brought the motion to parliament, and by September 1945, Menderes, Köprülü and Koraltan were all stripped of their membership of the
945:). Along with Bayar and two former cabinet ministers, Menderes was sentenced to death. He delayed his execution with a suicide attempt by taking an overdose of sleeping pills. Despite pleas for forgiveness by Head of State
735:, in heavy fog and caught fire. Nine of the sixteen passengers and five of the eight crew lost their lives. Menderes, sitting in the back part of the plane, survived the accident almost uninjured and was hospitalized at
1959:
659:. DP's policies also introduced rural-urban mobility, which exposed some of the rural population to the lifestyles of the urban minorities. The three chief destinations were the largest three cities: Istanbul,
910:). The commission, composed only of Democratic Party MPs and bestowed those MPs with the powers of public and military prosecutors along with the right to give a verdict. This was against the principle of
829:
Menderes became quite famous for selling or distributing most of the estate he had inherited to small shareholders. He was more tolerant towards traditional lifestyles and different forms of practice of
1339:
Kuyucu, Ali Tuna (2005). "Ethno-religious 'unmixing' of 'Turkey': 6–7 September riots as a case in
Turkish nationalism". Nations and Nationalism. 11 (3): 361–380. doi:10.1111/j.1354-5078.2005.00209.x.
4017:
926:
on 27 May 1960, organized by 37 "young officers", deposed the government, and
Menderes was arrested along with Bayar and all the leading party members. They were charged with violating the
1952:
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2346:
643:
unless Greece reconsidered its position on Cyprus. The Greek delegates, surprised by the harshness of the speech, held the British responsible for the change in Turkish attitudes.
2758:
1945:
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682:
Finally, the conference fell apart on 6 September, the first day the subject of Cyprus would be broached at the conference, when news broke of the bombing in Thessaloniki.
1937:
490:
and was selected by the party leaders as a deputy of Aydın in 1931. In 1945, he was expelled from the party with two other colleagues due to inner-party opposition to the
3565:
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4002:
3666:
2218:
2453:
2458:
1744:
1068:"). Series which began broadcasting at Turkish national broadcaster ATV from September 2013 also focuses on the romance between Menderes and Turkish opera singer
557:
During the 10 years of his term as prime minister, the Turkish economy was growing at a rate of 9% per annum. He supported an eventual military alliance with the
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1831:
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1002:, who were the foreign affairs minister and finance minister, respectively in the last Menderes administration, and who were hanged with Menderes by the
2608:
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2510:
534:
due to their opposition to the Turkish government. Bayar then resigned from parliament and later also the party. On 7 January 1946, the four formed the
990:
On 17 September 1990, the 29th anniversary of Menderes' execution, he was posthumously pardoned by the Turkish Parliament and his grave was moved to a
809:
Menderes signed the London Agreement on 19 February 1959 in the hospital. He returned home on 26 February 1959 and was welcomed by even his arch-rival
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667:. Between 1945 and 1955, the population of Istanbul increased from 1 million to about 1.6 million. Many of these new residents found themselves in
2639:
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and gave the MPs the power to both prosecute and judge. Furthermore, the commission's verdicts could not be taken to the appeal courts.
1581:
554:, and in 1955 he also assumed the duties of foreign minister. He later won two more free elections, one in 1954 and the other in 1957.
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3150:
2736:
968:
Two months later, İsmet İnönü formed a new government under military tutelage, in coalition and with the help of the newly emerging
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meets with President Celal Bayar and Prime Minister Adnan Menderes at the Presidential Residence in Çankaya (December 1959).
651:
during the economic crisis in the mid-1950s. The DP responded first with inflationary policies, then when that failed, with
3094:
2113:
793:
1625:
1516:
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1044:
724:
707:
383:
286:
101:
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Type 793, registration TC-SEV, carrying Adnan Menderes and a party of government officials on a flight from Istanbul to
3112:
1975:
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1875:
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276:
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ethnic minority. In September 1955 a bomb exploded close to the Turkish consulate in Greece's second-largest city,
613:
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paid heed to Eden and launched a harsh opening salvo, stating that Turkey would reconsider its commitment to the
3907:
2933:
2927:
2915:
2885:
185:
3539:
3134:
1179:
620:
573:, agriculture was mechanized; and transport, energy, education, health care, insurance and banking progressed.
195:
923:
785:
690:
395:
3902:
2903:
806:, which gave the three sides the right to intervene in Cyprus in case peace is broken by any of the parties.
547:
539:
471:
342:
207:
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199:
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than Atatürk and his party had been – he campaigned in the 1950 elections on the platform of legalizing the
163:
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927:
550:
in Turkish history on 14 May 1950 (in which votes were cast in secret and counted openly), Menderes became
531:
487:
281:
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2269:
1414:
739:
90 minutes after receiving first aid from Margaret Bailey, a local resident who rushed to the crash site.
2004:
527:
467:
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2478:
1841:
1814:
519:
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821:
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3279:
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3529:
3237:
2825:
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2181:
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1060:
The period when Menderes was prime minister from 1950 to 1960 were depicted in the television series
1007:
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3766:
3029:
2921:
2861:
2819:
2795:
1858:
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937:
Menderes and other leading figures of the DP were put on trial by a military court on the island of
694:
636:
399:
3932:
3142:
2897:
2603:
2106:
1929:
1543:
800:
379:
48:
3706:
3489:
3356:
3166:
2951:
32:
3867:
3252:
1992:
1868:
1027:
81:
3811:
3761:
3418:
3408:
2259:
2171:
2128:
1599:
1450:
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and even from İsmet İnönü (in addition to similar pleas from several world leaders, including
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The most important event that brought his fall from power was probably the establishment of
322:
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2879:
2588:
2570:
2555:
2432:
911:
903:
886:
874:
482:(Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası) in Aydın. After the party dissolved itself, he was invited by
3231:
2505:
2427:
8:
2099:
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3575:
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2999:
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on 17 September 1961. The sentence of ex-President Bayar was commuted to imprisonment.
640:
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3413:
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Now the Democrat Party government outdid him in signs of respect for Atatürk's memory.
1286:"Turkey's Participation in the Middle East Command and Its Admission to NATO, 1950-52"
1073:
1049:
942:
686:
266:
3610:
3388:
3005:
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1925:
1700:
1549:
1479:
1307:
1200:
1175:
1148:
736:
475:
326:
3786:
3741:
2312:
2294:
1475:
Mid-Century Modernism in Turkey: Architecture Across Cultures in the 1950s And 1960s
1123:
451:
330:
3570:
2939:
2709:
2699:
2684:
2623:
1299:
862:). In one of his speeches, he said that members of parliament could bring back the
796:
775:
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713:
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652:
628:
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236:
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infrastructure meant that the peasants of Turkey appreciated his premiership.
515:
431:
3861:
3826:
2909:
2061:
1311:
570:
415:
3756:
2654:
1764:
Cemal Gürsel supported him and wanted him to become the Republic's president
1445:
3731:
3661:
3605:
3555:
3519:
3484:
3225:
3011:
2867:
2664:
2052:
1998:
1798:
1504:
1385:
1372:
1109:
Aydemir, Şevket Süreyya. "Menderes'in Dramı", Remzi Kitabevi, Istanbul 1984
954:
632:
619:
The ongoing struggle between Turkey and Greece over control of Cyprus, and
609:
558:
447:
232:
3439:
635:
advised the Turkish delegates that they should be stern. Foreign Minister
406:. One of the accusations brought against him was of him ordering the
3831:
3746:
3646:
3499:
3294:
3242:
3210:
3181:
3083:
3053:
2891:
2704:
2644:
2565:
2540:
2397:
2392:
2070:
1900:
1069:
962:
859:
668:
255:
69:
938:
458:
origin. After primary school, Menderes attended the American College in
3771:
3309:
3289:
3247:
3176:
2975:
2837:
2618:
2442:
2382:
1436:
1319:
1285:
562:
337:
854:
600:
In 1955, the Menderes government is believed to have orchestrated the
543:
483:
3350:
3299:
2963:
1031:
991:
863:
648:
506:
435:
1047:
survival until his execution was depicted in the television series
896:
656:
378:; 1899 – 17 September 1961) was a Turkish politician who served as
1011:
664:
459:
414:. He was the last Turkish political leader to be executed after a
1409:
885:
He was most intolerant towards criticism, so he instituted press
542:
Menderes was elected deputy of the Democratic Party representing
1026:
In March 2023, a monument to Adnan Menderes was unveiled at the
569:
in 1952. With the economic support of the United States via the
478:. In 1930, Adnan Menderes organized a branch of the short-lived
3191:
3137:
2778:
2366:
1970:
1197:
Turkey, Islam, Nationalism, and Modernity: A History, 1789-2007
845:
789:
732:
728:
660:
605:
463:
419:
1500:
Denying Human Rights and Ethnic Identity: The Greeks of Turkey
631:. Seeing the opportunity to extricate Britain, Prime Minister
16:
9th Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey from 1950 to 1960
4018:
Turkish military personnel of the Turkish War of Independence
840:
831:
1006:
in 1961, were also posthumously cleared of any misconduct.
566:
930:, and embezzling money from state funds, and ordering the
825:
Adnan Menderes and members of the Liberal Republican Party
679:), and constituted a prime target for populist policies.
470:
and was awarded a medal of honour. He graduated from the
382:
between 1950 and 1960. He was one of the founders of the
1267:"Historical Statistics for the World Economy: 1-2003 AD"
526:
demanded more political and democratic freedom in their
1976:
Presidents of the National Olympic Committee of Turkey
1571:
William Cleveland, A History of the Modern Middle East
1545:
Ataturk: The Biography of the founder of Modern Turkey
1028:
Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
1043:
The last period of Menderes' life beginning with his
418:
and is also one of the four political leaders of the
1368:Turkey and the West: From Neutrality to Commitment
1240:"Election Results 1946 - General Election Results"
561:and during his tenure, Turkey participated in the
3859:
1721:"В Туркестане открыли памятник Аднасу Мендересу"
1674:. Jerusalem: The Moshe Dayan Center. p. 573
853:on Turkish banknotes and stamps and instead put
1822:Minister of National Defense of Turkey (acting)
844:), which had been banned in order to extirpate
581:against the Greek ethnic minority (see below).
4003:Republican People's Party (Turkey) politicians
3898:Democrat Party (Turkey, 1946–1960) politicians
1626:"İnönü'nün MBK'ye gönderdiği Menderes mektubu"
1517:"1959: Turkish leader involved in fatal crash"
1264:
1147:, Turkey: a modern history, I.B.Tauris, 2004,
816:
3943:Liberal Republican Party (Turkey) politicians
3928:Heads of government who were later imprisoned
3455:
3120:
2752:
2340:
2107:
1953:
1582:"FACTBOX: Coups in Turkey over last 50 years"
1228:Heper, Metin; Landau, Jacob M. (1991), p. 119
1219:Heper, Metin; Landau, Jacob M. (1991), p. 121
917:
4008:Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents
1541:
3993:People who have received posthumous pardons
3469:
1283:
1169:
3462:
3448:
3127:
3113:
2759:
2745:
2347:
2333:
2114:
2100:
1960:
1946:
546:. When the DP won 52% of the votes in the
31:
1535:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1172:Political Parties and Democracy in Turkey
934:, in which dozens of Greeks were killed.
3968:Members of the 23rd government of Turkey
3963:Members of the 22nd government of Turkey
3958:Members of the 21st government of Turkey
3953:Members of the 20th government of Turkey
3948:Members of the 19th government of Turkey
1195:Findley, Carter V. (21 September 2010).
868:
820:
698:offered compensation to those affected.
604:, which targeted the city's substantial
588:
505:
441:
398:, along with two other cabinet members,
4023:Turkish people of Crimean Tatar descent
3978:Ministers of national defence of Turkey
3888:Ankara University Faculty of Law alumni
1194:
1170:Heper, Metin; Landau, Jacob M. (1991).
1097:
725:crashed a few miles short of the runway
701:
388:fourth legal opposition party of Turkey
3973:Ministers of foreign affairs of Turkey
3883:20th-century prime ministers of Turkey
3860:
1692:
1435:
1396:
1326:
1199:. Yale University Press. p. 268.
1037:
693:accused Menderes and Foreign Minister
514:In June 1945, Menderes, together with
3443:
3108:
2740:
2328:
2095:
1941:
1849:Minister of Foreign Affairs of Turkey
1471:
1402:
1383:
1237:
454:, as a son of a wealthy landowner of
373:
140:Member of the Grand National Assembly
1667:
1165:
1163:
390:. He was tried and hanged under the
152:25 April 1931 – 27 May 1960
708:1959 Turkish Airlines Gatwick crash
446:Adnan Menderes was born in 1899 in
13:
1122:. kimkimdir.gen.tr. Archived from
584:
114:9 June 1950 – 27 May 1960
61:22 May 1950 – 27 May 1960
14:
4044:
2010:Reşit Saffet Atabinen (1933–1936)
1769:
1403:Güven, Dilek (7 September 2005).
1160:
462:. He fought against the invading
3136:
3093:
2768:
2718:
2356:
1989:Hasip Bayındırlıoğlu (1921–1923)
1969:
1776:Adnan Menderes Turkish Biography
961:at the gallows on the island of
957:), Menderes was executed by the
764:
755:
746:
501:
352:
253:17 September 1961 (aged 62)
3893:Centre-right politics in Turkey
2025:Vildan Aşir Savaşır (1943–1950)
1731:
1713:
1696:A-Z of modern Europe since 1789
1686:
1661:
1636:
1618:
1592:
1574:
1565:
1542:Andrew Mango (26 August 2002).
1509:
1492:
1465:
1429:
1377:
1360:
1342:
1284:Yeşi̇lbursa, Behçet K. (1999).
1277:
1265:Angus Maddison (27 July 2016).
308:
3998:Politicians arrested in Turkey
3923:Government ministers of Turkey
3432:denote acting prime ministers.
1986:Ahmet İhsan Tokgöz (1908–1921)
1908:Leader of the Democratic Party
1384:Yaman, Ilker (17 March 2014).
1258:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1188:
1138:
1120:"Adnan Menderes (1899 - 1961)"
1112:
1103:
784:He was on his way to sign the
621:Cypriot intercommunal violence
1:
2363:Ministers of National Defense
2037:Nizamettin Kırşan (1956–1958)
2022:Cemil Cahit Taner (1938–1943)
1826:9 December 1955–28 July 1957
1743:Menderes was played by actor
994:named after him in Istanbul.
343:Ankara University, Law School
4028:Turkish referees and umpires
2049:Bekir Silahçılar (1960–1962)
1478:. Routledge. pp. 64–5.
1449:(in Turkish). Archived from
1413:(in Turkish). Archived from
1238:Şafak, Yeni (22 July 2020).
1174:. I.B. Tauris. p. 120.
627:were planning a massacre of
7:
2832:Hüseyin Numan Menemencioğlu
1727:(in Russian). 1 March 2023.
1671:Middle East Record Volume 2
1472:Gurel, Meltem, ed. (2015).
1441:"6-7 Eylül'de ne oldu? (2)"
1080:
817:Political style and beliefs
528:Motion with four signatures
486:himself to join the ruling
468:Turkish War of Independence
10:
4049:
4033:Yassıada trials executions
918:Coup, trial, and execution
774:Adnan Menderes' car, 1958
705:
565:, and was admitted to the
3629:
3548:
3540:Fevzi Lütfi Karaosmanoğlu
3477:
3427:
3190:
3149:
3143:Prime ministers of Turkey
3091:
2970:Ahmet Kurtcebe Alptemoçin
2785:
2727:
2716:
2373:
2283:
2258:
2208:
2197:
2170:
2143:
2076:Togay Bayatlı (2003–2011)
2067:Jerfi Fıratlı (1988–1989)
2040:Şinasi Ataman (1958–1959)
1982:
1914:
1905:
1897:
1892:
1882:
1873:
1865:
1855:
1846:
1838:
1828:
1819:
1811:
1806:
1304:10.1080/00263209908701287
1087:Adnan Menderes University
1072:. He was played by actor
1065:
1054:
1008:Adnan Menderes University
985:
712:On 17 February 1959, the
488:Republican People's Party
375:[adˈnanˈmændeɾes]
360:
348:
336:
318:
293:
272:
262:
242:
226:
221:
217:
156:
145:
138:
128:
118:
107:
99:
87:
75:
65:
54:
46:
42:
30:
23:
3988:People of the Korean War
3938:Leaders ousted by a coup
3913:Executed prime ministers
3151:Government of the Grand
2058:Raşit Serdengeçti (1982)
2046:Hüsamettin Güreli (1960)
2043:Mehmet Arkan (1959–1960)
2031:Cemal Alpman (1952–1954)
2028:Danyal Akbel (1950–1952)
2013:Halil Bayrak (1936–1937)
1930:National Salvation Party
1912:9 June 1950–27 May 1960
1893:Party political offices
1880:22 May 1950–27 May 1960
1876:Prime Minister of Turkey
1548:. Overlook. p. 36.
1405:"6-7 Eylül Olayları (2)"
1057:") as background events.
899:ideology was in danger.
838:Islamic call to prayer (
480:Liberal Republican Party
380:Prime Minister of Turkey
263:Cause of death
49:Prime Minister of Turkey
4013:Turkish anti-communists
3471:Party leaders in Turkey
2928:İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil
2916:İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil
2886:İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil
2599:Ahmet İhsan Birincioğlu
1693:Polley, Martin (2000).
1644:"Adnan Menderes hanged"
904:Commission of Inquiries
2802:Yusuf Kemal Tengirşenk
2796:Ahmet Muhtar Mollaoğlu
2260:True Path Party (2007)
2034:Faik Binal (1954–1956)
1668:Oron, Yitzhak (1961).
1600:"1961: Adnan Menderes"
1291:Middle Eastern Studies
1092:Adnan Menderes Airport
1016:Adnan Menderes Airport
878:
826:
804:Constantine Karamanlis
794:British Prime Minister
722:London Gatwick Airport
676:
597:
511:
3490:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
3167:Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
2952:Vahit Melih Halefoğlu
2680:Sabahattin Çakmakoğlu
1750:12 March 2008 at the
1386:"The Istanbul Pogrom"
872:
824:
592:
510:Adnan Menderes, 1930s
509:
442:Early life and career
438:built in his honour.
3903:Deputies of Istanbul
3762:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
3535:Ekrem Hayri Üstündağ
3409:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
2433:Cemil Cahit Toydemir
2005:Kemalettin Sami Paşa
1632:. 24 September 2012.
1439:(8 September 2005).
1350:"6–7 Eylül Olayları"
1126:on 13 September 2015
1098:Notes and references
912:separation of powers
875:Dwight D. Eisenhower
866:if they so desired.
801:Greek Prime Minister
702:Plane crash survival
612:, also damaging the
548:first free elections
410:against citizens of
267:Execution by hanging
3983:People from Koçarlı
3908:Deputies of Kütahya
3817:Temel Karamollaoğlu
3802:Selahattin Demirtaş
3677:Hüsamettin Cindoruk
3072:Feridun Sinirlioğlu
2898:Ümit Haluk Bayülken
2874:Feridun Cemal Erkin
2850:Mehmet Fuat Köprülü
2604:Ümit Haluk Bayülken
2531:Mustafa Hazım Dağlı
2479:Mehmet Fuat Köprülü
2459:Ahmet Hulusi Köymen
2449:Hüseyin Hüsnü Çakır
2301:Hüsamettin Cindoruk
2225:Hüsamettin Cindoruk
1842:Mehmet Fuat Köprülü
1815:Mehmet Fuat Köprülü
1745:Hüseyin Avni Danyal
1606:. 17 September 2009
1066:I Loved Him So Much
1045:1959 aircraft crash
1038:Film and television
813:and a large crowd.
3792:Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu
3682:Aydın Güven Gürkan
3280:Suat Hayri Ürgüplü
3253:Şemsettin Günaltay
3192:Republic of Turkey
2934:Ahmet Gündüz Ökçün
2307:Namık Kemal Zeybek
1993:Selim Sırrı Tarcan
1869:Şemsettin Günaltay
1807:Political offices
1588:. 17 October 2008.
1523:. 17 February 1959
1062:Ben Onu Çok Sevdim
908:Tahkikat Komisyonu
879:
827:
641:Treaty of Lausanne
598:
512:
386:(DP) in 1946, the
134:Position abolished
82:Şemsettin Günaltay
3918:Filmed executions
3855:
3854:
3777:Yaşar Nuri Öztürk
3767:İsmail Cem İpekçi
3687:Ülkü Söylemezoğlu
3657:Ahmet Nusret Tuna
3611:Necmettin Erbakan
3437:
3436:
3389:Necmettin Erbakan
3232:Ahmet Fikri Tüzer
3153:National Assembly
3102:
3101:
2862:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
2820:Tevfik Rüştü Aras
2790:Bekir Sami Kunduh
2775:Foreign ministers
2734:
2733:
2506:Fahrettin Özdilek
2454:Refik Şevket İnce
2428:Ali Rıza Artunkal
2322:
2321:
2279:
2278:
2213:Ahmet Nusret Tuna
2089:
2088:
1936:
1935:
1926:Necmettin Erbakan
1915:Succeeded by
1883:Succeeded by
1859:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
1856:Succeeded by
1829:Succeeded by
1706:978-0-415-18597-4
1604:ExecutedToday.com
1555:978-1-59020-924-0
1206:978-0-300-15260-9
1153:978-1-86064-958-5
996:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
786:London Agreements
737:the London Clinic
695:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
637:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
476:Ankara University
400:Fatin Rüştü Zorlu
364:
363:
4040:
3727:Murat Karayalçın
3707:Yıldırım Akbulut
3586:Turhan Feyzioğlu
3581:Alparslan Türkeş
3576:Süleyman Demirel
3571:Mehmet Ali Aybar
3464:
3457:
3450:
3441:
3440:
3367:Süleyman Demirel
3357:Yıldırım Akbulut
3335:Süleyman Demirel
3325:Süleyman Demirel
3315:Süleyman Demirel
3285:Süleyman Demirel
3199:
3198:
3160:
3159:
3141:
3140:
3129:
3122:
3115:
3106:
3105:
3097:
3078:Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu
3066:Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu
3036:Şükrü Sina Gürel
2994:Murat Karayalçın
2940:Hayrettin Erkmen
2773:
2772:
2771:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2738:
2737:
2729:*Acting Minister
2722:
2700:Nurettin Canikli
2675:Hikmet Sami Türk
2516:Muzaffer Alankuş
2491:Hasan Şemi Ergin
2418:Ahmet Naci Tınaz
2403:Abdülhalik Renda
2361:
2360:
2359:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2231:Süleyman Demirel
2206:
2205:
2188:Süleyman Demirel
2116:
2109:
2102:
2093:
2092:
1974:
1973:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1939:
1938:
1918:Süleyman Demirel
1898:Preceded by
1866:Preceded by
1839:Preceded by
1832:Hasan Şemi Ergin
1812:Preceded by
1804:
1803:
1784:"Adnan Menderes"
1780:
1757:
1756:
1741:official website
1735:
1729:
1728:
1717:
1711:
1710:
1690:
1684:
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1681:
1679:
1665:
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1489:
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1460:
1458:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1417:on 25 April 2009
1400:
1394:
1393:
1390:We Love Istanbul
1381:
1375:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1352:. Archived from
1346:
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1145:Erik Jan Zürcher
1142:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1067:
1056:
1055:Remember Darling
980:Süleyman Demirel
797:Harold Macmillan
776:Buick Roadmaster
768:
759:
750:
718:Vickers Viscount
714:Turkish Airlines
691:1960 coup d'état
653:authoritarianism
629:Turkish Cypriots
538:(DP) and in the
536:Democratic Party
466:army during the
434:) to have had a
428:Süleyman Demirel
420:Turkish Republic
396:1960 coup d'état
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222:Personal details
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90:
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59:
37:Menderes in 1939
35:
21:
20:
4048:
4047:
4043:
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4041:
4039:
4038:
4037:
3933:Istanbul pogrom
3858:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3812:Binali Yıldırım
3807:Ahmet Davutoğlu
3797:Numan Kurtulmuş
3702:Necdet Karababa
3625:
3601:Ferruh Bozbeyli
3561:Ragıp Gümüşpala
3544:
3530:Osman Bölükbaşı
3495:Kâzım Karabekir
3473:
3468:
3438:
3433:
3423:
3419:Binali Yıldırım
3414:Ahmet Davutoğlu
3238:Şükrü Saracoğlu
3196:
3195:
3194:
3186:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3103:
3098:
3089:
3060:Ahmet Davutoğlu
2880:Hasan Esat Işık
2844:Necmettin Sadak
2826:Şükrü Saracoğlu
2781:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2735:
2730:
2723:
2714:
2589:Hasan Esat Işık
2580:Cihat Bilgehan*
2576:Sadettin Bilgiç
2571:Hasan Esat Işık
2556:Hasan Esat Işık
2536:Ahmet Topaloğlu
2369:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2323:
2318:
2287:
2275:
2270:Çetin Özaçıkgöz
2262:
2254:
2201:
2199:True Path Party
2193:
2182:Ragıp Gümüşpala
2174:
2166:
2147:
2139:
2133:True Path Party
2123:
2120:
2090:
2085:
1978:
1968:
1966:
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1911:
1903:
1888:
1879:
1871:
1861:
1852:
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1754:
1752:Wayback Machine
1738:Hatırla Sevgili
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1453:on 30 June 2009
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1356:on 12 May 2014.
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1083:
1074:Mehmet Aslantuğ
1050:Hatırla Sevgili
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988:
951:John F. Kennedy
943:Yassıada trials
932:Istanbul pogrom
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595:Berrin Menderes
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579:Istanbul pogrom
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492:nationalization
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408:Istanbul pogrom
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102:Democrat Party
100:Leader of the
97:
96:
91:
85:
84:
79:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
52:
51:
44:
43:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
25:Adnan Menderes
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4045:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
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4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
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3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3837:Muharrem İnce
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Fatih Erbakan
3825:
3823:
3822:Meral Akşener
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
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3780:
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3773:
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3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3717:Doğu Perinçek
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3692:Rahşan Ecevit
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3667:Yıldırım Avcı
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Turgut Sunalp
3635:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3616:Bülent Ecevit
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3591:Hüseyin Balan
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
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3528:
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3518:
3516:
3513:
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3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3465:
3460:
3458:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3399:Bülent Ecevit
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3330:Bülent Ecevit
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:Bülent Ecevit
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3305:Bülent Ecevit
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3270:
3269:Fahri Özdilek
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3154:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3130:
3125:
3123:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3096:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3018:Emre Gönensay
3016:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2988:Mümtaz Soysal
2986:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2946:İlter Türkmen
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2910:Melih Esenbel
2908:
2905:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
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2836:
2833:
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2827:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2762:
2757:
2755:
2750:
2748:
2743:
2742:
2739:
2726:
2721:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2650:Mehmet Gölhan
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2561:İlhami Sancar
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2551:İlhami Sancar
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:İlhami Sancar
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Seyfi Kurtbek
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:Saffet Arıkan
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2408:Zekai Apaydın
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2336:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:Mehmet Gölhan
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2219:Yıldırım Avcı
2217:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2172:Justice Party
2169:
2162:
2159:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2129:Justice Party
2126:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2062:Turgut Atakol
2060:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1878:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1851:
1850:
1843:
1837:
1833:
1824:
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1816:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1716:
1708:
1702:
1699:. Routledge.
1698:
1697:
1689:
1673:
1672:
1664:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1568:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1547:
1546:
1538:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1481:
1477:
1476:
1468:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1374:
1371:, p. 310, at
1370:
1369:
1363:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:(4): 70–102.
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1280:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1208:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1075:
1071:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
983:
981:
977:
976:
972:(in Turkish:
971:
970:Justice Party
966:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
924:military coup
915:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
893:
888:
883:
876:
871:
867:
865:
861:
856:
852:
847:
843:
842:
837:
833:
823:
814:
812:
807:
805:
802:
798:
795:
791:
787:
777:
767:
758:
749:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
723:
719:
715:
709:
699:
696:
692:
688:
683:
680:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
596:
591:
582:
580:
574:
572:
571:Marshall Plan
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
508:
502:Rise to power
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:Crimean Tatar
453:
449:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Kemal Atatürk
421:
417:
416:military coup
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
368:
359:
355:
351:
347:
344:
341:
339:
335:
332:
328:
324:
321:
317:
301:
296:
292:
288:
283:
278:
275:
271:
268:
265:
261:
257:
245:
241:
238:
234:
229:
225:
220:
216:
209:
205:
201:
197:
194:
191:
187:
184:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
162:
161:
159:
155:
149:
144:
141:
137:
133:
127:
123:
117:
111:
106:
103:
98:
95:
92:
86:
83:
80:
74:
71:
68:
64:
58:
53:
50:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3782:Masum Türker
3737:Hikmet Çetin
3732:Deniz Baykal
3722:Tansu Çiller
3712:Mesut Yılmaz
3697:Mehmet Yazar
3672:Ahmet Tekdal
3662:Cezmi Kartay
3630:1980–present
3606:Behice Boran
3556:Ekrem Alican
3524:
3520:Hikmet Bayur
3510:Nuri Demirağ
3485:Talaat Pasha
3429:
3404:Abdullah Gül
3394:Mesut Yılmaz
3384:Mesut Yılmaz
3379:Tansu Çiller
3371:
3362:Mesut Yılmaz
3349:
3340:Bülent Ulusu
3267:
3263:Cemal Gürsel
3257:
3230:
3226:Refik Saydam
3172:Fevzi Çakmak
3048:Abdullah Gül
3024:Tansu Çiller
3012:Deniz Baykal
3006:Coşkun Kırca
2982:Hikmet Çetin
2958:Mesut Yılmaz
2922:Gündüz Ökçün
2868:Selim Sarper
2855:
2690:İsmet Yılmaz
2670:İsmet Sezgin
2665:Turhan Tayan
2635:Mehmet Yazar
2546:Mehmet İzmen
2526:Hasan Dinçer
2501:Cemal Gürsel
2484:
2469:Kenan Yılmaz
2438:Münir Birsel
2378:Fevzi Çakmak
2263:2007–present
2243:Tansu Çiller
2160:
2080:Uğur Erdener
2053:Burhan Felek
2016:
1999:Ali Sami Yen
1906:
1886:Cemal Gürsel
1874:
1847:
1820:
1799:Find a Grave
1787:
1779:(in Turkish)
1755:(in Turkish)
1733:
1725:www.zakon.kz
1724:
1715:
1695:
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1670:
1663:
1651:. Retrieved
1647:
1638:
1629:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1603:
1594:
1585:
1576:
1567:
1559:
1544:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1520:
1511:
1505:Google Books
1498:
1494:
1474:
1467:
1455:. Retrieved
1451:the original
1444:
1437:Kıvanç, Taha
1431:
1419:. Retrieved
1415:the original
1408:
1398:
1389:
1379:
1373:Google Books
1366:
1362:
1354:the original
1344:
1295:
1289:
1279:
1270:
1260:
1248:. Retrieved
1246:(in Turkish)
1243:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1196:
1190:
1171:
1140:
1128:. Retrieved
1124:the original
1114:
1105:
1061:
1048:
1025:
1021:
989:
973:
967:
955:Elizabeth II
947:Cemal Gürsel
936:
928:constitution
921:
907:
901:
892:Cemal Gürsel
884:
880:
839:
828:
808:
783:
711:
684:
681:
669:shanty towns
645:
633:Anthony Eden
618:
610:Thessaloniki
599:
575:
559:Western Bloc
556:
520:Fuat Köprülü
513:
494:policies of
445:
422:(along with
366:
365:
157:Constituency
147:
130:Succeeded by
109:
94:Cemal Gürsel
89:Succeeded by
56:
18:
3878:1961 deaths
3873:1899 births
3832:Ali Babacan
3752:Altan Öymen
3747:Recai Kutan
3652:Erdal İnönü
3647:Necdet Calp
3642:Turgut Özal
3621:Kemal Satır
3515:Celâl Bayar
3505:İsmet İnönü
3500:Fethi Okyar
3478:Before 1960
3373:Erdal İnönü
3345:Turgut Özal
3295:Ferit Melen
3275:İsmet İnönü
3243:Recep Peker
3221:Celâl Bayar
3216:İsmet İnönü
3211:Fethi Okyar
3206:İsmet İnönü
3197:(1923–2018)
3182:Fethi Okyar
3158:(1920–1923)
3084:Hakan Fidan
3080:(2015–2023)
3054:Ali Babacan
3042:Yaşar Yakış
3032:(1997–2002)
3000:Erdal İnönü
2904:Turan Güneş
2892:Osman Olcay
2808:İsmet İnönü
2710:Yaşar Güler
2705:Hulusi Akar
2685:Vecdi Gönül
2645:Nevzat Ayaz
2640:Barlas Doğu
2630:Hüsnü Doğan
2624:Güneş Taner
2566:Ferit Melen
2541:Ferit Melen
2413:Kâzım Özalp
2398:Recep Peker
2393:Fethi Okyar
2388:Kâzım Özalp
2309:(2011–2012)
2303:(2009–2011)
2297:(2008–2009)
2251:(2002–2007)
2249:Mehmet Ağar
2245:(1993–2002)
2233:(1987–1993)
2227:(1985–1987)
2221:(1983–1985)
2202:(1983–2007)
2190:(1964–1981)
2184:(1961–1964)
2175:(1961–1981)
2163:(1950–1960)
2157:(1946–1950)
2155:Celâl Bayar
2148:(1946–1960)
2073:(1989–2003)
2071:Sinan Erdem
2064:(1982–1988)
2055:(1962–1982)
2019:(1937–1938)
2007:(1930–1933)
2001:(1927–1930)
1995:(1923–1927)
1901:Celal Bayar
1503:, p. 8, at
1457:10 December
1130:7 September
1070:Ayhan Aydan
1064:("English:
1053:("English:
860:Celal Bayar
851:İsmet İnönü
811:İsmet İnönü
792:issue with
516:Celâl Bayar
496:İsmet İnönü
432:Turgut Özal
124:Celal Bayar
120:Preceded by
77:Preceded by
70:Celal Bayar
3862:Categories
3847:Özgür Özel
3842:Ümit Özdağ
3772:Zeki Sezer
3757:Ahmet Türk
3566:Ahmet Oğuz
3310:Sadi Irmak
3290:Nihat Erim
3248:Hasan Saka
3177:Rauf Orbay
3030:İsmail Cem
2976:Safa Giray
2838:Hasan Saka
2814:Şükrü Kaya
2695:Fikri Işık
2655:Vefa Tanır
2619:Safa Giray
2443:Hasan Saka
2383:Refet Bele
1630:Ensonhaber
1446:Yeni Şafak
1421:9 December
1244:Yeni Şafak
1181:1850433003
953:and Queen
887:censorship
873:President
689:after the
677:gecekondus
593:Adnan and
563:Korean War
472:Law School
394:after the
338:Alma mater
249:1961-09-17
3351:Ali Bozer
3300:Naim Talu
3068:(2014–15)
3062:(2009–14)
3056:(2007–09)
3050:(2003–07)
3044:(2002–03)
3026:(1996–97)
3014:(1995–96)
2996:(1994–95)
2984:(1991–94)
2972:(1990–91)
2964:Ali Bozer
2960:(1987–90)
2954:(1983–87)
2948:(1980–83)
2942:(1979–80)
2936:(1978–79)
2930:(1977–78)
2918:(1975–77)
2912:(1974–75)
2900:(1971–74)
2888:(1965–71)
2876:(1962–65)
2870:(1960–62)
2864:(1957–60)
2858:(1956–57)
2852:(1950–56)
2846:(1947–50)
2840:(1944–47)
2834:(1942–44)
2828:(1938–42)
2822:(1925–38)
2816:(1924–25)
2810:(1922–24)
2804:(1921–22)
2792:(1920–21)
1312:0026-3206
1032:Turkestan
992:mausoleum
864:caliphate
716:aircraft
685:The 1961
649:scapegoat
436:mausoleum
349:Signature
289:(1946–60)
284:(1930–45)
148:In office
110:In office
66:President
57:In office
2082:(2011– )
1748:Archived
1527:23 April
1521:BBC News
1271:ggdc.net
1081:See also
939:Yassıada
897:Kemalist
657:populism
371:Turkish:
319:Children
258:, Turkey
196:Istanbul
3549:1960–80
3430:Italics
3086:(2023–)
2272:(2007–)
1678:31 July
1653:31 July
1610:31 July
1586:Reuters
1410:Radikal
1320:4284040
1250:22 July
855:Atatürk
788:on the
727:, near
673:Turkish
544:Kütahya
484:Atatürk
448:Koçarlı
313:
305:
233:Koçarlı
186:Kütahya
3074:(2015)
3038:(2002)
3020:(1996)
3008:(1995)
3002:(1995)
2990:(1994)
2978:(1991)
2966:(1990)
2924:(1977)
2906:(1974)
2894:(1971)
2882:(1965)
2798:(1921)
2779:Turkey
2367:Turkey
2239:(1993)
2215:(1983)
1703:
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1482:
1318:
1310:
1203:
1178:
1156:p. 397
1151:
986:Legacy
963:İmralı
846:Arabic
836:Arabic
790:Cyprus
733:Sussex
729:Rusper
663:, and
661:Ankara
323:Yüksel
294:Spouse
279:(1930)
256:İmralı
1853:1955
1316:JSTOR
1012:Aydın
1004:junta
959:junta
941:(see
858:case
841:adhan
832:Islam
665:İzmir
606:Greek
464:Greek
460:İzmir
331:Aydın
327:Mutlu
307:(
303:
164:Aydın
1924:and
1789:Time
1701:ISBN
1680:2016
1655:2016
1648:Dawn
1612:2016
1550:ISBN
1529:2010
1480:ISBN
1459:2008
1423:2008
1308:ISSN
1252:2020
1201:ISBN
1176:ISBN
1149:ISBN
1132:2009
1014:and
998:and
799:and
655:and
567:NATO
522:and
430:and
402:and
243:Died
230:1899
227:Born
208:1957
204:1954
200:1950
190:1946
180:1943
176:1939
172:1935
168:1931
47:9th
2777:of
2365:of
1928:of
1920:of
1797:at
1300:doi
1030:in
1010:in
532:CHP
474:of
282:CHP
277:SCF
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287:DP
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