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to document the construction of the Suez Canal. Most scholars believe that Arnoux was the official Suez photographer and that the
Zangaki Brothers may have assisted him. However, the precise nature of their relationship is unclear, since Arnoux's biography is just as enigmatic as that of the Zangaki
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For a long time, it was believed that "A. Zangaki" was a single photographer. However, with the discovery of a signboard with the name "Adelphoi
Zangaki", it became clear that these were brothers. Scholars believe that their names were George and Constantinos (or Costas), and that they were born on
144:. However, no definitive evidence pertaining to their place and date of birth extists. How they came to learn photography is also unclear. However, shortly after their arrival in Egypt they had become established photographers with studios in Cairo and Port Said.
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Photographs taken by the
Zangaki brothers are found in tourists' albums assembled in the Middle East in the second half of the 19th century. From their Port Said studio, they were ideally situated to sell to Europeans visiting Egypt as part of a
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from the 1860s through to the 1890s. They specialized in photographing ancient monuments and scenes of everyday life, producing photographic prints for the tourist trade. They occasionally worked with the French photographer
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from around the 1860s through to at least the 1890s. Many of the
Zangaki photographs are signed with a brother's initial and/or a place of business, e.g., "C. Zangaki" or "Zangaki, Cairo" or occasionally "A. Zangaki".
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Art historian John
Hannavy acknowledged that the Zangaki brothers "produced some of the finest images" of the late 19th century in Egypt. Mainly produced for the expectations of the flourishing European
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By the 1850s, tourist travel to Egypt created strong demand for photographs as souvenirs. A small group of early photographers, mostly of French origin, made their way to Cairo and the
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brothers. Their relationship soured in 1874, when Arnoux instigated litigation against the
Zangaki Brothers and one Spiridion Antippa, accusing them of usurping his
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One of the
Zangaki brothers, sitting on a cannon and pointing to the initials G.Z. carved on its barrel, most likely George, 1870s
571:. Note: The Royal Commonwealth Society Photographers Index database at Cambridge University lists them as in the 1880s and 1890s.
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164:(1820–1884), Emile Béchard (his brother Henri signed some of his photographs; active 1860–1890); the British-Italian brothers
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Apostolou, Irini. "Photographes Français et Locaux en Orient Méditerranéen au XXIX siècle: Quelques cas de collaboration".
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119:. Further, they were among the first commercial photographers to produce large scale images of late 19th- century Egypt.
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Little is known about the
Zangaki brothers, except their initials, C. and G., and that they worked out of Port Said and
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and the
Jerusalem railway. Some of their original glass negatives as well as prints are in the collection of the
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recognized them as "guilty of usurpation of artistic and industrial property and unfair competition."
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wagon to document the
Egyptian scenery, architecture and events. Images included views of the
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664:"Nineteenth-Century Photographs in the Palestine Exploration fund Collection"
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to capitalise on this demand. These pioneering photographers included
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Greek photographic studio active in Cairo and Port Said (1860s–1890s)
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Vintage Photography The Zangaki Brothers: Zangaki Brothers in Egypt
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at Princeton University lists them as functioning from 1870 to 1875
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Odalisques and Arabesques: Orientalist Photography, 1839–1925
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Focus East: Early photography in the Near East (1839–1885)
229:. Arnoux was successful, as on 29 June 1876, the Court of
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Royal Commonwealth Society Photographers Index: Zangaki
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C. & G. Zangaki Photographs Collection, 1870–1875
176:(active between 1860 and 1890) and some years later,
94:(Zangaki Brothers), known by their probable initials
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Bulletin du Centre de Recherche Français à Jérusalem
766:19th-century photographers from the Ottoman Empire
220:They may have worked with the French photographer
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140:, while others have suggested that they were
466:Hannavy, John (2013) . John Hannavy (ed.).
47:(Probably) George and Constantinos Zangakis
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721:Portland Art Museum's Online Collections
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148:Early photographers in Egypt
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472:. Routledge. p. 1521.
435:List of Orientalist artists
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736:19th-century Greek artists
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254:Palestine Exploration Fund
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662:Collins, Lydia (1981).
172:(1832–1909) as well as
98:, were two brothers of
746:Greek photojournalists
616:Jacobson, Ken (2007).
430:History of Photography
343:Kaïd Bey Mosque, Cairo
267:tourist trade in Egypt
227:intellectual property
644:Cavatorta, Claudia.
563:5 March 2012 at the
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205:and cities, such as
136:the Greek island of
741:Greek photographers
168:(c. 1832–1906) and
624:Ltd. p. 277.
217:or women at home.
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583:Perez, Nissan N.
96:C. and G. Zangaki
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503:|work=
440:Orientalism
403:Ptolemy III
370:Nile boat (
358:on the Nile
260:Recognition
250:Mount Tabor
154:Nile valley
83:Orientalist
63:Nationality
730:Categories
620:. London:
446:References
401:, Gate of
211:Alexandria
191:Grand Tour
123:Background
117:Suez Canal
688:0031-0328
505:ignored (
495:cite book
485:24 August
297:Colonnade
242:Bethlehem
238:Jerusalem
113:Port Said
561:Archived
424:See also
372:Dahabeah
246:Mar Saba
231:Ismailia
195:darkroom
79:Movement
331:, Cairo
315:Dendera
201:or the
142:Cypriot
58:Unknown
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628:
476:
399:Karnak
203:Sphinx
184:Career
301:Luxor
138:Milos
129:Cairo
100:Greek
66:Greek
684:ISSN
626:ISBN
507:help
487:2021
474:ISBN
215:Nile
207:Suez
90:The
55:Died
43:Born
676:doi
672:113
299:at
209:or
111:in
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