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poetry in his
Khamiryyat exemplifies his facetious relationship with religion; this line compares the religious prohibition of wine to God's forgiveness. Nuwas wrote his literature as if his sins were vindicated within a religious framework. Abu Nuwas's poetry also reflected his love for wine and sexuality. The poems were written to celebrate both the physical and metaphysical experience of drinking wine that did not conform to the norms of poetry in the Islamic world. A continuing theme in Abbasid wine poetry was its affiliation with
2937:
attributed to him; wine appears to have had a role in the flailing emotions of his final hours—this seems to be a combination of accounts one and two; 4. He died in prison, a version which contradicts the many anecdotes stating that in the advent of his death he suffered illness and was visited by friends (though not in prison). He most probably died of ill health, and equally probably in the house of the
Nawbakht family, whence came the myth that they poisoned him. Nuwas was buried in Shunizi cemetery in Baghdad.
154:
58:
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social life. Nuwas explores an intriguing prejudice: that homosexuality was imported to
Abbasid Iraq from the province in which the revolution originated. He states in his writing that during the Umayyad caliphate, poets only indulged in female lovers. Nuwas' seductive poems use wine as a central theme for blame and scapegoat. This is shown through an excerpt from his
2857:
the religious and cultural norms during the
Abbasid caliphate. Though many of his poems describe his affection for boys, relating the taste and pleasure of wine to women is a signature technique of Abu Nuwas. Nuwas's preference was not uncommon among heterosexual men of his time as homoerotic lyrics and poetry were popular among Muslim mystics.
2790:"I never saw a man of more extensive learning than Abu Nuwas, nor one who, with a memory so richly furnished, possessed so few books. After his death we searched his house, and could only find one book-cover containing a quire of paper, in which was a collection of rare expressions and grammatical observations."
3273:; His mother was a Persian seamstress from Ahwāz, called Gulbān or Gulnāz (Abū Hiffān, 108; Ibn al-Muʿtazz, 194; Ibn Qutayba, al-Shiʿr, 2/692; Ibn ʿAsākir, 4/279). His father Hānī was either Persian (according to al-Aṣmaʿī) or from al-Shām, and had served in the army of the last Umayyad caliph, Marwān II
2856:
This poem accounts for various sins of Nuwas: being served by a
Christian, glorifying a boys beauty, and finding testimony in Christianity. Nuwas's writing ridicules heterosexual propriety, the condemnation of homosexuality, the alcohol ban, and Islam itself. He uses his literature to testify against
2816:
used in this period. Abu Nuwas was known to have both a poetic and political tone in his poetry. Along with other
Abbasid poets, Nuwas atones for his openness to drinking wine and disregarding religion. He wrote satirical strikes at Islam using wine as both an excuse and liberator. A specific line of
2799:
The spirit of a new age was reflected in wine poetry after the change in dynasties to the
Abbasids. Abu Nuwas was a major influence on the development of wine poetry. His poems were likely written to entertain the Baghdad elite. The centerpiece of wine poetry lays the vivid description of the wine,
2821:
due to the fact that wine shops usually employed boys as servers. These poems were often salacious and rebellious. In the erotic section of his Diwan, his poems describe young servant girls dressed up as young boys drinking wine. His affection for young boys was displayed through his poetry and
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his poetry collection, was divided by genre: panegyric poems, elegies, invective, courtly love poems on men and women, poems of penitence, hunting poems, and wine poems. His erotic lyric poetry, which is often homoerotic, is known from over 500 poems and fragments. He also participated in the
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poet, Abu Usama Waliba ibn al-Hubab al-Asadi, who took Abu Nuwas to Kufa as a young apprentice. Waliba recognized in Abu Nuwas his talent as a poet and encouraged him toward this vocation, but was also attracted sexually to the young man and may have had erotic relations with him. Abu Nuwas's
2936:
The cause of his death is disputed: four different accounts of Abu Nuwas’s death survive: 1. He was poisoned by the
Nawbakht family, having been framed with a poem satirizing them; 2. He died in a tavern drinking right up to his death; 3. He was beaten by the Nawbakht for the satire falsely
2808:"Wine is passed round among us in a silver jug, adorned by a Persian craftsman with a variety of designs, Chosroes on its base, and round its side oryxes which horsemen hunt with bows. Wine's place is where tunics are buttoned; water's place is where the Persian cap (qalansuwah) is worn,
3078:, Abu Nuwas's love poetry is cited extensively by one of the novel's protagonists, the Sudanese Mustafa Sa'eed, as a means of seducing a young English woman in London: "Does it not please you that the earth is awaking,/ That old virgin wine is there for the taking?"
3007:
The Abu Nawas
Association, founded in 2007 in Algeria, was named after the poet. The primary aim of the organisation is to decriminalise homosexuality in Algeria, seeking the abolition of article 333 and 338 of the Algerian penal code which still considers
2968:(literally "blinded" or "obscured"), a riddle which is solved "by combining the constituent letters of the word or name to be found". He also perfected two Arabic genres: Khamriyya (wine poetry) and Tardiyya (hunting poetry).
2992:
River, in a neighbourhood that was once the city's showpiece. Abu Nuwas Park is located on the 2.5-kilometer stretch between the
Jumhouriya Bridge and a park that extends out to the river in Karada near the
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well-established Arabic tradition of satirical poetry, which included duels between poets involving vicious exchanges of poetic lampoons and insults. Ismail bin Nubakht, one of Nuwas's contemporaries, said:
2905:
Al-Munajjim family: Abū Manṣūr; Yaḥyā ibn Abī Manṣūr; Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā; ‘Alī ibn Yaḥyā; Yaḥyā ibn ‘Alī; Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā; Hārūn ibn ‘Alī; ‘Alī ibn Hārūn; Aḥmad ibn ‘Alī; Hārūn ibn ‘Alī ibn Hārūn.
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which was published in 1996. It features a trickster figure named Abunuwasi as the protagonist in three stories draw inspiration from East African folklore as well as the fictional Abu Nuwasi of
3020:
While his works were in circulation freely until the early years of the twentieth century, the first modern censored edition of his works was published in Cairo in 1932. In January 2001, the
2804:
and mock Arab classicism. He used wine poetry as a medium to echo the themes of Abbasid relevance in the Islamic world. An example of this is shown through a piece he wrote in his Khamriyyat:
1364:
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exalted descriptions of its taste, appearance, fragrance, and effects on the body and mind. Abu Nuwas draws on many philosophical ideas and imagery in his poetry that glorify the
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Abū Sa’īd al-Sukkarī edited his poetry, providing commentary and linguistic notes; he completed editing approximately two thirds of the corpus of one thousand folios.
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2761:). His mother was a Persian named Gulban, whom Hani had met whilst serving in the police force of Ahvaz. When Abu Nuwas was 10 years old, his father died.
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Showing off her body, golden, like a peal on a tailor's strong, in the hand of a lithe young man who speaks beautifully in response to a lover's request,
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3158:(Entimos Press / Abu Nuwas Society, 1993). With a scholarly biographical essay on Abu Nuwas, largely taken from Ewald Wagner's biographical entry in
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Abū Sa’īd al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Sukkarī (d. 888/ 889), scholar of linguistics, ancient history, genealogy, poetry, geology, zoology and botany.
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Abu Nuwas wrote poetry in multiple genres; his great talent was most recognized in his wine poems and in his hunting poems. Abu Nuwas’s
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Ibn ‘Ammār is possibly Aḥmad ibn ‘Ubayd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ‘Ammār al-Thaqafī (d. 926), Shī’ah secretary and vizier to many caliphs.
2929:
in either 199 or 200 AH (814–816 AD). Because he frequently indulged in drunken exploits, Nuwas was imprisoned during the reign of
2740:
or one of its adjacent districts. His date of birth is uncertain, he was born sometime between 756 and 758. His father was Hani, a
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arranged his poetry under ten subject categories, rather than in alphabetical order. Al-Sikkīt wrote an 800-page commentary.
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In his early childhood Abu Nuwas followed his mother to Basra in lower Iraq where he attended Qur’an school and became a
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Abū Hiffān Abd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥarb al-Mihzamī (d. 871), secretary and poet of al-Baṣrah who lived in Baghdād.
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relationships with adolescent boys when he had matured as a man seem to mirror his own experience with Waliba.
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4311:"LGBTQIA+ activism in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries: between repression and determination"
4196:"Why was Ibn Quzmān Not Awarded the Title of "Abū Nuwās of the West?" ('Zajal 96', the Poet, and His Critics)"
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Lacy, Norris J. (1989). "The Care and Feeding of Gazelles – Medieval Arabic and Hebrew love poetry". In
2651:أَبُو عَلِي اَلْحَسَنْ بْنْ هَانِئْ بْنْ عَبْدِ اَلْأَوَّلْ بْنْ اَلصَّبَاحِ اَلْحُكْمِيِّ اَلْمِذْحَجِي
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For I know that the Lord would not have distinguished this youth so unless his was the true religion."
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Were you to speak to this elegant beauty, you would fling Islam from the top of a tall mountain.
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He is a Christian, he wears clothes from Khurasan and his tunic bares his upper chest and neck.
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story is based on Abu Nuwas' erotic poetry. The original poems are used throughout the scene.
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Ibn ‘Ammār wrote a critique of Nuwas's work, including citing instances of alleged plagiarism.
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3180:, trans. by Fuad Matthew Caswell (Kibworth Beauchamp: Matador, 2015). Trans. from ‘Aṭwi 1986.
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at a young age. His youthful good looks and innate charisma attracted the attention of the
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Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary (tr. Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-al-Anbā Abnā' al-Zamān)
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Ibn Khallikan's Biographical Dictionary (tr. Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-al-Anbā Abnā' al-Zamān)
3865:
3167:. Seventeen poems by Abu Nuwas translated by Jaafar Abu Tarab. (iUniverse, Inc., 2005).
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has several places named for the poet. Abū Nuwās Street runs along the east bank of the
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edited his work, organizing poems alphabetically, and corrected some false attributions.
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If I were not afraid of the depredation of He who leads all sinners into transgression,
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3130:. The stories often highlight relations between ordinary people and the higher class.
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4579:"The discourse of common people represented in Javanese version of Abu Nawas stories"
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Nuwas is one of a number of writers credited with inventing the literary form of the
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Bearman, Peri (2009). "Global Arabic Encyclopedia". In Khanbaghi, Aptin (ed.).
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The Wine Song in Classical Arabic Poetry: Abu Nuwas and the Literary Tradition
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The Wine Song in Classical Arabic Poetry: Abu Nuwas and the Literary Tradition
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2830:"Boasting myriad colors when it spreads out in glass, silencing all tongues,
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3975:(in Arabic). Vol. III. Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press. pp. 207–8.
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The earliest anthologies of his poetry and his biography were produced by:
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Fatehi-Nezhad, Enayatollah; Azarnoosh, Azartash; Negahban, Farzin (2008).
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3930:(in Arabic). Vol. II. Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press. p. 283.
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Wafayāt al-A'yān wa-Anbā' Abnā' al-Zamān (The Obituaries of Eminent Men)
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The Fihrist of al-Nadīm : a tenth-century survey of Muslim culture
3783:
3063:(2012) by Andrew Killeen, in which he is depicted as a spy working for
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With a curl on each temple and a look in his eye that spells disaster.
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in the 12th century, admired him deeply and has been compared to him.
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This passage has a prevalence of Persian imagery corresponding to the
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3768:: Ṭubiʻa bi-mạṭbaʻat ʻĪsa al-Bābī al-Halabī. p. 18 (§ 27).
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A heavily fictionalised Abu Nuwas is the protagonist of the novels
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also edited his writings, compiling works alphabetically. However,
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317:
5278:
4119:. Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p.
2848:
I would convert to his religion, entering it knowingly with love,
2422:
2417:
2362:
1631:
7157:
7121:
7116:
7055:
6985:
6026:
5888:
5578:
5101:
Horse, Hawk, and Cheetah: Three Arabic Hunting Poems of Abū Nuwās
4898:
The undergraduate's companion to Arab writers and their web sites
3724:
3712:
2985:
2930:
2745:
2594:
2564:
2519:
2487:
2442:
2437:
2427:
2372:
2367:
2297:
2252:
2210:
2090:
1692:
1519:
1394:
1389:
1070:
1030:
998:
816:
784:
424:
105:
4641:
3708:(Thesis). University of North Carolina at Greensboro. p. 4.
3702:
The World of Ḥamza al-Iṣfahānī: His Life and Writings in Context
3680:
3656:
2949:
Manuscript of Abu Nawas's verses. Copied by Mirza Kuchik Visal,
1433:
7321:
7187:
6463:
5313:
2989:
2748:
2574:
2559:
2549:
2402:
2357:
2200:
2195:
2185:
2165:
2115:
1586:
1581:
1571:
1536:
1502:
1450:
1443:
1428:
1423:
1359:
1313:
1287:
1277:
1177:
1162:
1157:
1142:
1132:
1107:
1095:
1090:
1060:
1050:
1045:
936:
921:
861:
846:
794:
769:
658:
643:
628:
469:
439:
419:
414:
399:
377:
4648:
3270:
3012:
a crime punishable by imprisonment and accompanied by a fine.
1292:
1112:
1008:
7642:
7637:
7101:
4586:
Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research
4050:
3912:(in Arabic). Vol. VI. Beirut: Dār Ṣādar. pp. 78–79.
3765:
3024:
ordered the burning of some 6,000 copies of books of Nuwas's
2737:
2599:
2529:
2462:
2412:
2407:
2392:
2175:
2140:
2135:
2125:
2110:
1978:
1968:
1891:
1641:
1576:
1418:
1399:
1262:
1217:
1207:
1182:
1167:
1040:
931:
876:
871:
836:
806:
459:
454:
327:
292:
252:
227:
222:
84:
3433:(Oneworld Publications ebook ed.). London. p. 150.
3229:
7647:
4038:
3644:
3404:(Oneworld Publications ebook ed.). London. p. 58.
3339:(Oneworld Publications ebook ed.). London. p. 10.
3052:, where he is cast as a boon companion of Harun al-Rashid.
2769:
2729:
2477:
2397:
2150:
1983:
1973:
1487:
1438:
1035:
926:
342:
287:
262:
4624:
Arabic Authors: A Manual of Arabian History and Literature
4116:
Ibn Khallikan's biographical dictionary – Internet Archive
3540:
Vintage Humour : the Islamic Wine Poetry of Abu Nuwas
2908:
Abū al-Ḥasan al-Sumaysāṭī also wrote in praise of Nuwas.
4446:
3165:
Carousing with Gazelles, Homoerotic Songs of Old Baghdad
6755:
3816:(in Arabic). Vol. VI (7). Leiden: Brill. pp.
3451:
3172:
Poems of Wine and Revelry: The Khamriyyat of Abu Nuwas.
4493:
3864:(in Arabic). Vol. XVIII. Leiden: Brill. pp.
37:"Nuwas" redirects here. For the 6th-century king, see
4257:
3788:(in Arabic). Beirut: Dār Gharib al-Islām i. pp.
3761:
Bughyat al-Wuʻāh fī Ṭabaqāt al-Lughawīyīn wa-al-Nuḥāh
3481:
scientifique., Ashtiany, Julia (19..-....). Éditeur.
3126:, is a character of various folk stories, similar to
3046:
He features as a character in a number of stories in
5046:
Vintage Humour: The Islamic Wine Poetry of Abu Nawas
3668:
3576:. Oxford, England, UK: Clarendon Press. p. 70.
3178:
The Khamriyyāt of Abū Nuwās: Medieval Bacchic Poetry
2724:
Abu Nuwas was born in the province of Ahvaz (modern
2675:
4434:
3292:(First South Asian paperback ed.). New Delhi.
4916:
4650:
3840:(in Arabic). Vol. IV. Leiden: Brill. p.
2890:attributes this to an ‘Alī ibn Ḥamza al-Iṣbahānī.
2702:) poetry that developed during the first years of
4881:. Translated by Denys Johnson-Davies. Heinemann.
3973:Nāqidan fī Yatīmat al-dahr fī Shu'arā' Ahl al-Aṣr
3928:Nāqidan fī Yatīmat al-dahr fī Shu'arā' Ahl al-Aṣr
3252:
2698:, and the foremost representative of the modern (
2646:Al-Ḥasan ibn Hānī 'Abd al-Awal al-Ṣabāḥ, Abū 'Alī
7774:Prisoners and detainees of the Abbasid Caliphate
7695:
5079:, William. London: W.H. Allen. pp. 391–395.
4742:] (in Arabic). Pakistan Historical Society.
4505:
4405:
4370:
4020:(in Arabic). Damascus: Al-Maṭba’ah al-Ḥanifīyah.
6924:
5065:
4277:"Gay people are reclaiming an Islamic heritage"
4012:
3967:
3922:
3902:
3878:
7599:Two Years Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights
3892:, William. London: W.H. Allen. pp. 604–5.
3603:
2899:Ibn al-Washshā’ Abū Ṭayyib, scholar of Baghdād
6910:
5124:
2622:
7544:The Thousand-and-Second Tale of Scheherazade
4754:
4730:
4468:Abu nuwasi : kimefasiriwa na kimechorwa
4056:
4044:
4030:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3754:
3742:
3730:
3718:
3686:
3662:
3650:
3638:
3515:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3271:Fatehi-Nezhad, Azarnoosh & Negahban 2008
3235:
3133:
2669:
2659:
2649:
6953:The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night
4309:TCHUISSEU, Divine-Léna (28 November 2020).
3376:"The Diwan of Abu Nuwas | Encyclopedia.com"
3142:, ed. by Ewald Wagner. 5 vols. (1958-2003).
6917:
6903:
5131:
5117:
4471:. Nairobi, Kenya: Sasa Sema Publications.
4014:Tha‘ālibī (al-), ‘Abd al-Mālik, Abū Manṣūr
3969:Tha‘ālibī (al-), ‘Abd al-Mālik, Abū Manṣūr
3924:Tha‘ālibī (al-), ‘Abd al-Mālik, Abū Manṣūr
3519:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3443:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3414:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3349:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3320:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2629:
2615:
2041:On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy
5029:. Barnes & Noble Books. p. 123.
4621:
4308:
4112:
3998:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3953:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3756:Suyūṭī (al-), Jalāl al-Dīn ‘Abd al-Raḥmān
3480:
3457:
2912:
4736:Wafayat al-a'yan wa anbã' abna' al-zamãn
4358:Encyclopedias about Muslim Civilisations
3854:
3830:
3698:
3148:, ed. by ‘Alī Najīb ‘Aṭwi (Beirut 1986).
2944:
6981:Abu al-Husn and His Slave-Girl Tawaddud
4975:
4952:
4849:
4821:
4802:
4691:] (in German). Leipzig: Brockhaus.
4499:
4440:
4355:
4349:
4263:
3804:Yāqūt, Shihāb al-Dīn ibn ‘Abd al-Ḥamawī
3780:Yāqūt, Shihāb al-Dīn ibn ‘Abd al-Ḥamawī
3571:
3428:
3399:
3334:
3285:
2744:who had served in the army of the last
14:
7759:One Thousand and One Nights characters
7696:
7591:The Last Voyage of Somebody the Sailor
5043:
4914:
4794:: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (
4679:
4576:
4552:"Bedanya Nasrudin Khoja dan Abu Nawas"
4193:
3674:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3536:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3258:
2710:tradition, appearing several times in
2016:Encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity
6898:
6754:
6263:
5355:
5185:
5150:
5138:
5112:
4876:
4452:
3802:
3778:
3532:
3530:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3146:Dīwān Abū Nu’ās, khamriyyāt Abū Nu’ās
3041:
3034:entry for Abu Nuwas, all mentions of
2642:Abū Nuwās al-Ḥasan ibn Hānī al-Ḥakamī
75:Abū Nuwās al-Ḥasan ibn Hānī al-Ḥakamī
7769:Courtiers from the Abbasid Caliphate
7016:The Sisters Envious of Their Cadette
6961:Le livre des mille nuits et une nuit
5021:
4994:
4703:
4689:The Grammatical Schools of the Arabs
4685:Die grammatischen Schulen der Araber
4527:Arabian Nights: A Queer Film Classic
4523:
4511:
4464:
3281:
3279:
7537:Recollections of the Arabian Nights
6757:National literatures of Arab states
5067:Khallikān (Ibn), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad
4900:. Libraries Unlimited. p. 30.
4852:The Essential Guide to World Comics
4243:"DVIDS – News – A Walk in the Park"
3904:Khallikān (Ibn), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad
3880:Khallikān (Ibn), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad
3813:Irshād al-Arīb alā Ma'rifat al-Adīb
3785:Irshād al-Arīb alā Ma'rifat al-Adīb
3590:
3463:
3431:Abu Nuwas : a genius of poetry
3402:Abu Nuwas : a genius of poetry
3337:Abu Nuwas : a genius of poetry
3289:Abu Nuwas : a genius of poetry
2670:
2660:
2650:
2021:The Incoherence of the Philosophers
1676:National literatures of Arab States
24:
5001:Poetics of Love in the Middle Ages
4946:
4558:(in Indonesian). 20 September 2016
4183:. Vol. 24. 1995. p. 242.
3641:, pp. 312–16, 353, 382, 1062.
3565:
3527:
3357:
3241:
2026:The Incoherence of the Incoherence
102: 814 (aged 57–58)
25:
7810:
7714:9th-century Arabic-language poets
7709:8th-century Arabic-language poets
5084:
4524:Moon, Michael (15 January 2017).
4321:from the original on 2 June 2021.
4315:Institut du Genre en Géopolitique
4146:Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature
3276:
3004:was named in honor of Abu Nuwas.
27:8th-century classical Arabic poet
7764:Poets from the Abbasid Caliphate
4925:; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John;
4879:Season of Migration to the North
4756:Ibn al-Nadīm, Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq
4732:Ibn-Hallikān, Aḥmad Ibn-Muḥammad
3072:Season of Migration to the North
2979:
152:
56:
7226:The Adventures of Prince Achmed
5186:
5169:Pre-Islamic Arabic inscriptions
5091:The Knitting Circle – Abu Nuwas
4570:
4544:
4517:
4458:
4399:
4364:
4337:
4325:
4302:
4269:
4235:
4218:
4187:
4171:
4152:
4137:
4106:
4084:
4062:
4006:
3961:
3916:
3896:
3888:. Vol. III. Translated by
3872:
3848:
3824:
3796:
3772:
3748:
3692:
3209:
3200:
3191:
2756:
6991:Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
5269:Harith ibn Hilliza Al-Yashkuri
4933:(3rd ed.). Brill Online.
3422:
3393:
3328:
3264:
2884:Ḥamza ibn al-Ḥasan al-Iṣfahānī
13:
1:
7387:Scooby-Doo! in Arabian Nights
5466:Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi
5356:
5075:. Vol. i. Translated by
5005:George Mason University Press
4978:Abu Nuwas: A Genius of Poetry
4766:. Columbia University Press.
4740:The Obituaries of Eminent Men
4665:Encyclopaedia Islamica Online
3222:
3015:
2957:
2794:
2719:
2688:
2681:
98:
77:
7617:Stories (Burton translation)
7567:The Eighth Voyage of Sindbad
4200:Journal of Arabic Literature
3782:(1993). Abbās, Ihsan (ed.).
3607:Abu Nuwas a genius of poetry
3022:Egyptian Ministry of Culture
3002:crater on the planet Mercury
2933:, shortly before his death.
7:
7107:Ma'n ibn Za'ida al-Shaybani
7001:The Fisherman and the Jinni
6927:One Thousand and One Nights
5927:Hamda bint Ziyad al-Muaddib
4976:Kennedy, Philip F. (2005).
4953:Kennedy, Philip F. (1997).
3699:Sherrill, Logan J. (2024).
3572:Kennedy, Philip F. (1997).
3429:Kennedy, Philip F. (2012).
3400:Kennedy, Philip F. (2012).
3335:Kennedy, Philip F. (2012).
3286:Kennedy, Philip F. (2009).
3099:One Thousand and One Nights
3085:artist Godfrey Mwampembwa (
3049:One Thousand and One Nights
2713:One Thousand and One Nights
2676:
2191:One Thousand and One Nights
10:
7815:
6264:
5461:Yunus al-Katib al-Mughanni
4708:. Sasa Sema Publications.
4615:
4132:Abu Nuwas buried cemetery.
3764:(in Arabic). Vol. 1.
3745:, pp. 186, 353, 1122.
3160:The Encyclopedia of Islam.
3059:(Dedalus Books, 2009) and
3031:Global Arabic Encyclopedia
2878:Abū Bakr ibn Yaḥyā aI-Ṣūlī
1954:Arcs of Descent and Ascent
1021:Andalusian classical music
947:Arabic musical instruments
278:Islamic geometric patterns
36:
29:
7682:The Thief and the Cobbler
7630:
7609:
7528:
7497:
7487:Mârouf, savetier du Caire
7428:
7421:
7370:
7340:
7298:A Thousand and One Nights
7212:
7205:
7130:
7089:
7048:
7039:
6971:
6934:
6763:
6750:
6469:Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar
6424:
6276:
6272:
6259:
6208:
6135:
5882:
5494:
5368:
5364:
5351:
5194:
5181:
5159:
5146:
4896:Straley, Dona S. (2004).
4877:Ṣāliḥ, al-Ṭayyib (1991).
4406:Killeen, Andrew. (2012).
4371:Killeen, Andrew. (2009).
4212:10.1163/1570064x-12341271
4194:Monroe, James T. (2013).
3134:Editions and translations
2940:
2001:The Theology of Aristotle
1468:Pre-Islamic Arabic poetry
1365:Love in Arabic literature
614:Arabic geometric patterns
577:Islamic hardstone carving
508:Ancient South Arabian art
123:
115:
94:
71:
55:
48:
7779:Arabic erotic literature
7754:Humor and wit characters
5859:Ibn al-Qatta' al-Siqilli
5027:The Golden Age of Persia
4803:Killeen, Andrew (2009).
4622:Arbuthnot, F.F. (1890).
3184:
2736:, either in the city of
1370:Arabic erotic literature
567:Palestinian wood carving
7583:Arabian Nights and Days
7143:Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
6228:Abdul Qadir al-Baghdadi
5679:Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani
5534:Abu'l-Qasimbal-Maghribi
5319:Uthman ibn al-Huwayrith
5214:Al-Fāriʿah bint Shaddād
5151:
4895:
4854:. Collins & Brown.
4230:Encyclopædia Britannica
4113:Khallikān, Ibn (1842).
3484:ʻAbbasid belles lettres
3247:
3152:O Tribe That Loves Boys
3140:Der Dīwān des Abū Nuwās
2919:Great Abbasid Civil War
2776:
1877:Islamic Aristotelianism
1872:Early Arabic Philosophy
7724:Persian-language poets
7462:Der Barbier von Bagdad
6945:Les mille et une nuits
5734:Abu Muhammad al-Anbari
5724:Safiyya al-Baghdadiyya
5239:Al-Nu'man ibn Humaydah
5096:Al-Funu.Org: Abu Nuwas
4931:Encyclopaedia of Islam
4915:Wagner, Ewald (2007).
4822:Mahoney, T.J. (2013).
4577:Rahayu, Mundi (2021).
4530:. Arsenal pulp press.
4018:Index: Farīdatu'l-'Aṣr
3856:Iṣbahānī, Abū al-Faraj
3832:Iṣbahānī, Abū al-Faraj
3070:In the Sudanese novel
2954:
2913:Imprisonment and death
2854:
2853:
2810:
2792:
2706:. He also entered the
2514:South Arabian deities
2036:Theologus Autodidactus
917:Rhythm in Arabic music
6474:Abdur Rahman Kashgari
6306:Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi
6007:Al-Mu'tamid ibn Abbad
5824:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
5386:Abd al-Hamid al-Katib
5376:Al-Akhtal al-Taghlibi
5199:Abu Layla al-Muhalhel
5104:Cordite Poetry Review
5044:Rowell, Alex (2017).
4959:Open University Press
4850:Pilcher, Tim (2005).
4828:. Springer New York.
4412:. New York: Dedalus.
4409:The Khalifah's mirror
4165:Encyclopedia of Islam
4092:"Abu Nuwas Biography"
3733:, pp. 316, 1003.
3721:, pp. 353, 1129.
3537:Rowell, Alex (2018).
3061:The Khalifah's Mirror
3028:poetry. In the Saudi
2972:, who was writing in
2948:
2828:
2827:
2806:
2788:
2343:North Arabian deities
2247:Fictional Arab people
2086:Atlantis of the Sands
2011:The Book of the Apple
592:Islamic ivory carving
7784:LGBT history in Iraq
7749:Medieval LGBT people
7314:The Thief of Baghdad
7282:The Thief of Baghdad
7193:Zubaidah bint Ja'far
6649:Ahmed Zaki Abu Shadi
6609:Mohamed Said Raihani
6494:Mustafa Wahbi al-Tal
6341:Suleyman al-Boustani
6170:'A'isha al-Ba'uniyya
5719:Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur
5644:Marwan ibn Abi Hafsa
5624:Abu Mansur al-Azhari
5519:Abu Firas al-Hamdani
5481:Qatari ibn al-Fuja'a
5471:Dhu Jadan al-Himyari
5451:Qutayla ukht al-Nadr
5324:Zuhayr bin Abi Sulma
5229:Al-Khirniq bint Badr
3689:, pp. 353, 954.
3665:, pp. 173, 353.
3380:www.encyclopedia.com
3122:, Abu Nuwas, called
2869:Ya‘qūb ibn al-Sikkīt
1473:Modern Arabic poetry
1148:Gnawa (North Africa)
989:Classical Arab music
30:For the crater, see
7729:Folklore characters
7622:Works influenced by
7437:Le calife de Bagdad
7266:The Thief of Bagdad
7234:The Thief of Bagdad
7218:The Thief of Bagdad
7148:Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
7031:Ahmed and Paribanou
6724:Jabra Ibrahim Jabra
6579:Ihsan Abdel Quddous
6311:Ahmad Faris Shidyaq
5694:Abu Nasr al-Jawhari
5569:Baha' al-din Zuhair
5441:Layla al-Akhyaliyya
5309:Samaw'al ibn 'Adiya
5259:Antarah ibn Shaddad
5249:'Amir ibn al-Tufayl
5007:. pp. 95–118.
4805:The Father of Locks
4455:, pp. 119–120.
4377:. Sawtry: Dedalus.
4374:The father of locks
3604:Kennedy, Philip F.
3174:(Kegan Paul, 2005).
3057:The Father of Locks
2995:14th of July Bridge
2953:, dated 10 May 1824
2917:He died during the
2893:Yūsuf ibn al-Dāyah
2656:Abū Nuwās al-Salamī
2146:Iram of the Pillars
1405:Mirrors for princes
952:Great Book of Music
685:(Arabian Peninsula)
273:Islamic calligraphy
62:Abu Nuwas drawn by
7551:New Arabian Nights
7290:Baghdad Gaja Donga
7168:Ibrahim al-Mawsili
7112:Sayf ibn Dhi Yazan
7071:Old Man of the Sea
6534:Abdul Rahman Munif
6504:Fayeq Abdul-Jaleel
6479:Muhammad al-Maghut
6454:Ahlam Mosteghanemi
6180:Hamdallah Mustawfi
6145:Ahmad ibn Arabshah
5764:Abu Ahmad Monajjem
5599:Al-Hariri of Basra
5594:Al-Fath ibn Khaqan
5539:Arib al-Ma'muniyya
5476:Dorayd bin Al Soma
5406:Maysun bint Bahdal
5244:'Alqama ibn 'Abada
5164:Namara inscription
5050:C. Hurst & Co.
4980:. OneWorld Press.
4921:. In Fleet, Kate;
4344:Middle East Report
3238:, p. 546, II.
3093:comic book called
3042:In popular culture
2955:
2726:Khuzestan Province
2694:) was a classical
2687: –
2268:Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad
2096:Beast of the Earth
2051:Sicilian Questions
1882:Islamic Platonism
1835:Arabic mathematics
1385:Arabic short story
1380:Literary_criticism
572:Islamic embroidery
542:Arabic calligraphy
32:Abu Nuwas (crater)
7719:People from Ahvaz
7691:
7690:
7524:
7523:
7366:
7365:
7258:La Rosa di Bagdad
7201:
7200:
7081:Sinbad the Sailor
7011:Sinbad the Sailor
6892:
6891:
6888:
6887:
6746:
6745:
6742:
6741:
6699:Ibrahim Nasrallah
6659:Ibrahim al-Mazini
6559:Saadallah Wannous
6356:Rifa'a al-Tahtawi
6346:Butrus al-Bustani
6301:Ibrahim al-Yaziji
6255:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6127:Ibn Abi al-Khisal
6012:ibn Hani al-Azdi
5854:Usama ibn Munqidh
5829:Sharif al-Murtaza
5814:Al-Sharif al-Radi
5774:Al-Sarī al-Raffā’
5574:Bashshar ibn Burd
5446:Suraqah al-Bariqi
5396:Hassan ibn Thabit
5347:
5346:
5284:Laila bint Lukaiz
5209:Afira bint 'Abbad
5177:
5176:
5140:Arabic literature
5077:McGuckin de Slane
5058:978-1-84904-897-2
4907:978-1-59158-118-5
4888:978-0-435-90974-1
4835:978-1-4614-7951-2
4814:978-1-903517-76-5
4657:Madelung, Wilferd
4633:978-1-4655-1080-8
4419:978-1-909232-35-8
4384:978-1-903517-76-5
4360:. pp. 16–17.
4346:, 219 Summer 2001
4334:, 13 January 2001
4072:. 16 October 2012
4059:, pp. 352–3.
4057:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
4045:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3890:McGuckin de Slane
3743:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3731:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3719:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3687:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3663:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3651:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3639:Ibn al-Nadīm 1970
3550:978-1-84904-992-4
3494:978-1-139-42490-5
3299:978-1-78074-188-8
3236:Ibn-Hallikān 1961
3065:Ja'far al-Barmaki
2865:Yaḥyā ibn al-Faḍl
2734:Abbasid Caliphate
2704:Abbasid Caliphate
2639:
2638:
1939:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
1850:Arabic technology
1845:Arabic psychology
1830:Arabic Golden Age
597:Islamic Metalwork
353:Stucco decoration
131:
130:
110:Abbasid Caliphate
89:Abbasid Caliphate
16:(Redirected from
7806:
7744:Arab LGBT people
7426:
7425:
7403:Thief of Baghdad
7274:Baghdad Thirudan
7210:
7209:
7178:Ja'far ibn Yahya
7173:Ishaq al-Mawsili
7046:
7045:
7021:The Three Apples
6919:
6912:
6905:
6896:
6895:
6752:
6751:
6719:Mourid Barghouti
6674:Nazik Al-Malaika
6604:Abdellatif Laabi
6524:Ghassan Kanafani
6449:Sonallah Ibrahim
6434:Nawal El Saadawi
6361:Abdallah Marrash
6351:Ahmad Zaki Pasha
6331:Qustaki al-Himsi
6274:
6273:
6261:
6260:
6002:Lubna of Córdoba
5907:Maria Alphaizuli
5794:Laylā bint Ṭarīf
5549:Ahmad al-Tifashi
5421:Jarir ibn Atiyah
5416:Suraqa bin Malik
5411:Jamil ibn Ma'mar
5366:
5365:
5353:
5352:
5334:Aktham ibn Saifi
5329:Zuhayr ibn Janab
5183:
5182:
5148:
5147:
5133:
5126:
5119:
5110:
5109:
5080:
5062:
5040:
5023:Frye, Richard N.
5018:
4991:
4972:
4942:
4920:
4911:
4892:
4873:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4818:
4799:
4793:
4785:
4751:
4727:
4700:
4676:
4667:. Brill Online.
4654:
4645:
4626:. W. Heinemann.
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4598:
4592:. Archived from
4583:
4574:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4556:Republika Online
4548:
4542:
4541:
4521:
4515:
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4503:
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4299:
4297:
4295:
4273:
4267:
4261:
4255:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4239:
4233:
4225:Abū Nuwās Street
4222:
4216:
4215:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4175:
4169:
4168:
4156:
4150:
4149:
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4081:
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4077:
4066:
4060:
4054:
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3996:
3990:
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3746:
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3601:
3588:
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3478:
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3442:
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3420:
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3413:
3405:
3397:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3372:
3355:
3354:
3348:
3340:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3319:
3311:
3283:
3274:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3250:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3216:
3213:
3207:
3204:
3198:
3195:
2814:Persian language
2760:
2758:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2663:
2662:
2653:
2652:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2308:Princess Jasmine
2293:Layla and Majnun
2278:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
2226:She-Camel of God
2221:Shams al-Ma'arif
2031:Hayy ibn Yaqdhan
1897:Sufi metaphysics
1825:Arabic geography
1820:Arabic astronomy
1815:Arabic astrology
1810:Arabic chemistry
1375:Arabic grimoires
1355:
1128:Chaabi (Morocco)
1123:Chaabi (Algeria)
907:Arab tone system
726:
718:
710:
702:
694:
686:
557:Arabic miniature
283:Islamic ornament
156:
133:
132:
103:
100:
82:
79:
60:
46:
45:
21:
7814:
7813:
7809:
7808:
7807:
7805:
7804:
7803:
7694:
7693:
7692:
7687:
7626:
7605:
7559:Slaves of Sleep
7520:
7493:
7417:
7362:
7336:
7250:Baghdad Ka Chor
7197:
7163:Harun al-Rashid
7126:
7117:Shaddad ibn 'Ad
7085:
7035:
7006:Hassan of Basra
6996:The Ebony Horse
6967:
6930:
6923:
6893:
6884:
6759:
6738:
6599:Mohammed Bennis
6589:Mohamed Choukri
6529:Ghada al-Samman
6459:Mahmoud Darwish
6420:
6416:Tawfiq al-Hakim
6371:Maryana Marrash
6366:Francis Marrash
6296:Nasif al-Yaziji
6291:Maruf al Rusafi
6268:
6247:
6243:Ahmed Ben Triki
6204:
6131:
5886:
5878:
5839:Yaqut al-Hamawi
5709:Ibn al-Muqaffa'
5689:Yunus ibn Habib
5634:ibn al-Mudabbir
5490:
5456:Waddah al-Yaman
5426:Ka'b bin Zuhayr
5391:Fadl Ashsha'ira
5360:
5343:
5289:Mahd al-Aadiyya
5254:Amr ibn Kulthum
5190:
5173:
5155:
5142:
5137:
5087:
5059:
5037:
5015:
4988:
4969:
4949:
4947:Further reading
4927:Rowson, Everett
4908:
4889:
4862:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4815:
4787:
4786:
4774:
4716:
4661:Daftary, Farhad
4634:
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4613:
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4602:
4600:
4596:
4581:
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4463:
4459:
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4420:
4404:
4400:
4385:
4369:
4365:
4354:
4350:
4342:
4338:
4330:
4326:
4307:
4303:
4293:
4291:
4283:. 27 May 2021.
4275:
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3943:
3942:
3933:
3932:
3921:
3917:
3901:
3897:
3877:
3873:
3861:Kitab al-Aghānī
3853:
3849:
3837:Kitab al-Aghānī
3829:
3825:
3810:, D. S. (ed.).
3801:
3797:
3777:
3773:
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3749:
3741:
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3136:
3044:
3018:
2982:
2960:
2943:
2915:
2797:
2779:
2755:
2722:
2691:
2684:
2661:أبو نواس السلمي
2635:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2508:Isāf and Nā'ila
2339:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2241:Zarqa al Yamama
2106:Book of Wonders
2075:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2061:
1996:Liber de Causis
1902:Sufi philosophy
1866:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1840:Arabic medicine
1804:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1353:
1347:Epic literature
1309:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1202:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1138:Fann at-Tanbura
957:Kitab al-Aghani
893:
883:
882:
881:
741:
731:
730:
724:
716:
708:
700:
692:
684:
678:
668:
667:
666:
664:
547:Arabic graffiti
499:
489:
488:
487:
485:
390:Albarrana tower
333:Reflecting pool
323:Nagash painting
215:
166:
104:
101:
83:
80:
76:
67:
51:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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7449:
7441:
7432:
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7419:
7418:
7416:
7415:
7407:
7399:
7395:Arabian Nights
7391:
7383:
7374:
7372:
7368:
7367:
7364:
7363:
7361:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7344:
7342:
7338:
7337:
7335:
7334:
7330:Arabian Nights
7326:
7318:
7310:
7306:Arabian Nights
7302:
7294:
7286:
7278:
7270:
7262:
7254:
7246:
7242:Arabian Nights
7238:
7230:
7222:
7213:
7207:
7203:
7202:
7199:
7198:
7196:
7195:
7190:
7185:
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7058:
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7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6977:
6975:
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6965:
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6899:
6890:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6882:
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6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
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6827:
6822:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6748:
6747:
6744:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6737:
6736:
6731:
6729:Samih al-Qasim
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6709:Omar Abu Risha
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6634:Youssef Rzouga
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6594:Leila Abouzeid
6591:
6586:
6584:Alaa Al Aswany
6581:
6576:
6574:Leila Aboulela
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6554:Colette Khoury
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6489:Abbās al-Aqqād
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6439:Naguib Mahfouz
6436:
6430:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6316:Naoum Mokarzel
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6282:
6280:
6270:
6269:
6257:
6256:
6253:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6214:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6200:Al-Qalqashandi
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6141:
6139:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6117:Ibn al-Kattani
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
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6039:
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6029:
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6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5937:Ibn Abd Rabbih
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5893:
5891:
5880:
5879:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5864:Ibn al-Shajari
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5684:Rabia of Basra
5681:
5676:
5674:Aban al-Lahiqi
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5554:Abu al-Atahiya
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5514:Ibn al-Mu'tazz
5511:
5506:
5500:
5498:
5492:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5401:Ibn Abi Hasina
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5372:
5370:
5362:
5361:
5349:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
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5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
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5266:
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5246:
5241:
5236:
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5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5195:
5192:
5191:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5172:
5171:
5166:
5160:
5157:
5156:
5144:
5143:
5136:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5113:
5107:
5106:
5098:
5093:
5086:
5085:External links
5083:
5082:
5081:
5063:
5057:
5041:
5035:
5019:
5013:
4992:
4986:
4973:
4967:
4948:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4923:Krämer, Gudrun
4912:
4906:
4893:
4887:
4874:
4860:
4847:
4834:
4819:
4813:
4800:
4772:
4752:
4728:
4714:
4701:
4681:Flügel, Gustav
4677:
4646:
4632:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4610:
4599:on 19 May 2022
4569:
4543:
4536:
4516:
4504:
4502:, p. 297.
4492:
4477:
4457:
4445:
4433:
4418:
4398:
4383:
4363:
4348:
4336:
4324:
4301:
4268:
4256:
4245:. Dvidshub.net
4234:
4217:
4206:(3): 293–334.
4186:
4170:
4151:
4136:
4105:
4083:
4061:
4049:
4047:, p. 353.
4037:
4005:
3960:
3915:
3895:
3871:
3847:
3823:
3795:
3792:-2304 (§ 953).
3771:
3747:
3735:
3723:
3711:
3691:
3679:
3667:
3655:
3653:, p. 352.
3643:
3631:
3616:
3589:
3582:
3564:
3549:
3526:
3493:
3462:
3458:Arbuthnot 1890
3450:
3421:
3392:
3356:
3327:
3298:
3275:
3263:
3251:
3240:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3208:
3199:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3175:
3170:Jim Colville.
3168:
3162:
3149:
3143:
3135:
3132:
3128:Nasreddin Hoca
3109:Arabian Nights
3043:
3040:
3038:were omitted.
3017:
3014:
2981:
2978:
2959:
2956:
2942:
2939:
2925:advanced from
2914:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2824:al-muharramah:
2796:
2793:
2778:
2775:
2759: 744–750
2721:
2718:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2341:
2340:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2283:Kara Ben Nemsi
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2258:Abdul Alhazred
2255:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2058:
2056:Fusus al-Hikam
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1929:Al-aql al-faal
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1672:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1616:
1611:
1602:Arabic prosody
1598:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1354:(ryhmed prose)
1349:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1076:Qudud Halabiya
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1026:Andalusi nubah
1023:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
974:Arabic hip hop
971:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
912:Algerian scale
909:
904:
895:
894:
889:
888:
885:
884:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
857:Robe of honour
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
798:
797:
792:
790:Tarboush (fez)
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
743:
742:
737:
736:
733:
732:
729:
728:
725:(North Africa)
720:
712:
704:
696:
688:
679:
674:
673:
670:
669:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
624:Damascus steel
621:
616:
611:
600:
599:
594:
589:
584:
582:Islamic garden
579:
574:
569:
564:
562:Arabic pottery
559:
554:
549:
544:
533:
532:
531:
530:
525:
515:
510:
501:
500:
495:
494:
491:
490:
483:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
445:Medina quarter
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
381:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
313:Multifoil arch
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
265:
260:
258:Horseshoe arch
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
225:
213:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
168:
167:
162:
161:
158:
157:
149:
148:
146:Arabic culture
142:
141:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
96:
92:
91:
73:
69:
68:
61:
53:
52:
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7811:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7770:
7767:
7765:
7762:
7760:
7757:
7755:
7752:
7750:
7747:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7720:
7717:
7715:
7712:
7710:
7707:
7705:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7684:
7683:
7679:
7677:
7675:
7671:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7635:
7633:
7629:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7614:
7612:
7608:
7601:
7600:
7596:
7593:
7592:
7588:
7585:
7584:
7580:
7577:
7576:
7572:
7569:
7568:
7564:
7561:
7560:
7556:
7553:
7552:
7548:
7545:
7541:
7538:
7534:
7533:
7531:
7527:
7516:
7515:
7511:
7509:Op. 35 (1888)
7508:
7507:
7503:
7502:
7500:
7496:
7489:
7488:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7475:
7472:
7471:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7442:
7439:
7438:
7434:
7433:
7431:
7427:
7424:
7420:
7413:
7412:
7408:
7405:
7404:
7400:
7397:
7396:
7392:
7389:
7388:
7384:
7381:
7380:
7376:
7375:
7373:
7369:
7359:
7356:
7354:
7351:
7349:
7346:
7345:
7343:
7339:
7332:
7331:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7319:
7316:
7315:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7303:
7300:
7299:
7295:
7292:
7291:
7287:
7284:
7283:
7279:
7276:
7275:
7271:
7268:
7267:
7263:
7260:
7259:
7255:
7252:
7251:
7247:
7244:
7243:
7239:
7236:
7235:
7231:
7228:
7227:
7223:
7220:
7219:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7135:
7133:
7129:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7092:
7088:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7066:Badroulbadour
7064:
7062:
7059:
7057:
7054:
7053:
7051:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7038:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6978:
6976:
6974:
6970:
6963:
6962:
6958:
6955:
6954:
6950:
6947:
6946:
6942:
6941:
6939:
6937:
6933:
6929:
6928:
6920:
6915:
6913:
6908:
6906:
6901:
6900:
6897:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6846:
6843:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6833:
6831:
6828:
6826:
6823:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6798:
6794:
6791:
6790:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6758:
6753:
6749:
6735:
6732:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6714:Yusuf al-Khal
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6704:Elia Abu Madi
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6614:Waciny Laredj
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6564:Zakaria Tamer
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6514:Ibrahim Tuqan
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6484:Nizar Qabbani
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6427:
6423:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6391:Kahlil Gibran
6389:
6387:
6386:Mikhail Naimy
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6376:Hafez Ibrahim
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6283:
6281:
6279:
6275:
6271:
6267:
6262:
6258:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6238:Ibn al-Wannan
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6207:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6150:Ibn Al Ouardy
6148:
6146:
6143:
6142:
6140:
6138:
6134:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6107:Ibn al-Yayyab
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5977:Ibn al-Khatib
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5947:Ibn al-Zaqqaq
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5902:Al-Rumaikiyya
5900:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5844:Al Suhrawardi
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5739:Ibn al-Anbari
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5504:Bint al-Mahdī
5502:
5501:
5499:
5497:
5493:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5369:Early Islamic
5367:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5350:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5304:Imru' al-Qais
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5193:
5189:
5184:
5180:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5158:
5154:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5134:
5129:
5127:
5122:
5120:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5054:
5051:
5047:
5042:
5038:
5036:0-06-492288-X
5032:
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5014:0-913969-25-7
5010:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4993:
4989:
4987:1-85168-360-7
4983:
4979:
4974:
4970:
4968:0-19-826392-9
4964:
4960:
4956:
4951:
4950:
4940:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4909:
4903:
4899:
4894:
4890:
4884:
4880:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4861:1-84340-300-5
4857:
4853:
4848:
4837:
4831:
4827:
4826:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4806:
4801:
4797:
4791:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4773:0-231-02925-X
4769:
4765:
4761:
4760:Dodge, Bayard
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4717:
4715:9966-9609-0-2
4711:
4707:
4704:Gado (1998).
4702:
4698:
4694:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4658:
4653:
4647:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4629:
4625:
4620:
4619:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4580:
4573:
4557:
4553:
4547:
4539:
4537:9781551526676
4533:
4529:
4528:
4520:
4513:
4508:
4501:
4496:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4478:9966-9609-0-2
4474:
4470:
4469:
4465:Gado (1996).
4461:
4454:
4449:
4442:
4437:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4415:
4411:
4410:
4402:
4394:
4390:
4386:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4367:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4340:
4333:
4328:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4281:The Economist
4278:
4272:
4266:, p. 49.
4265:
4260:
4244:
4238:
4232:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4197:
4190:
4182:
4181:
4174:
4166:
4162:
4155:
4147:
4140:
4133:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4109:
4093:
4087:
4071:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4046:
4041:
4033:
4027:
4019:
4015:
4009:
4001:
3994:
3982:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3956:
3949:
3937:
3929:
3925:
3919:
3911:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3851:
3843:
3839:
3838:
3833:
3827:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3791:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3775:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3744:
3739:
3732:
3727:
3720:
3715:
3704:
3703:
3695:
3688:
3683:
3677:, p. 89.
3676:
3671:
3664:
3659:
3652:
3647:
3640:
3635:
3627:
3623:
3619:
3617:1-322-52649-4
3613:
3609:
3608:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3585:
3583:9780198263920
3579:
3575:
3568:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3542:
3541:
3533:
3531:
3522:
3518:
3512:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3460:, p. 81.
3459:
3454:
3446:
3440:
3432:
3425:
3417:
3411:
3403:
3396:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3352:
3346:
3338:
3331:
3323:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3282:
3280:
3272:
3267:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3228:
3212:
3203:
3194:
3190:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3013:
3011:
3010:homosexuality
3005:
3003:
2998:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2980:Commemoration
2977:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2952:
2947:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2774:
2771:
2767:
2762:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2678:
2667:
2657:
2647:
2643:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2324:
2323:Talia al Ghul
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2101:Book of Idols
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:Aql bi-l-fi'l
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1887:Islamic Logic
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1859:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1189:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1133:Egyptian folk
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
966:
965:
964:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
898:
892:
887:
886:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
803:
802:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
747:
746:
740:
735:
734:
727:
723:Arab Maghreb
721:
719:
713:
711:
705:
703:
701:(Mesopotamia)
697:
695:
691:Arab Mashriq
689:
687:
681:
680:
677:
672:
671:
665:
660:
657:
655:
654:Pseudo-Arabic
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
606:
605:
604:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
587:Islamic glass
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
539:
538:
537:
529:
526:
524:
521:
520:
519:
516:
514:
513:Nabataean art
511:
509:
506:
505:
504:
498:
493:
492:
486:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
387:
386:
385:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
236:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
220:
219:
218:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
172:
171:
165:
160:
159:
155:
151:
150:
147:
144:
143:
139:
135:
134:
126:
122:
118:
114:
111:
107:
97:
93:
90:
86:
74:
70:
65:
64:Khalil Gibran
59:
54:
47:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7680:
7673:
7653:Magic carpet
7597:
7589:
7581:
7573:
7565:
7557:
7549:
7512:
7506:Scheherazade
7504:
7485:
7477:
7468:
7460:
7452:
7443:
7435:
7409:
7401:
7393:
7385:
7377:
7328:
7320:
7312:
7304:
7296:
7288:
7280:
7272:
7264:
7256:
7248:
7240:
7232:
7224:
7216:
7137:
7097:Hatim al-Tai
7076:Scheherazade
6959:
6951:
6943:
6936:Translations
6925:
6850:Saudi Arabia
6793:Copto-Arabic
6694:Saadi Yousef
6669:Safa Khulusi
6654:Hasan Tawfiq
6624:Alifa Rifaat
6619:Tahar Djaout
6519:Emile Habibi
6509:Sinan Antoon
6426:Contemporary
6411:Taha Hussein
6401:Jurji Zaydan
6381:Ahmed Shawqi
6326:Ameen Rihani
6175:Ibn al-Wardi
6062:al-Shushtari
6037:Umm Al-Kiram
5942:Ibn al-Abbar
5922:Al-Rukuniyya
5869:Ibn al-Nafis
5799:Al-Tha'alibi
5749:Ibn Qutaybah
5653:
5649:Al-Mutanabbi
5629:ibn al-Mahdi
5604:Ibn al-Farid
5559:ibn al-'Amid
5509:Ibn al-Ahnaf
5274:Hatim al-Tai
5204:Adi ibn Zayd
5103:
5071:
5045:
5026:
5000:
4977:
4954:
4930:
4897:
4878:
4851:
4839:. Retrieved
4824:
4804:
4763:
4739:
4735:
4705:
4688:
4684:
4664:
4623:
4601:. Retrieved
4594:the original
4589:
4585:
4572:
4560:. Retrieved
4555:
4546:
4526:
4519:
4507:
4500:Pilcher 2005
4495:
4467:
4460:
4448:
4441:Killeen 2009
4436:
4408:
4401:
4373:
4366:
4357:
4351:
4343:
4339:
4331:
4327:
4314:
4304:
4292:. Retrieved
4280:
4271:
4264:Mahoney 2013
4259:
4249:12 September
4247:. Retrieved
4237:
4228:
4220:
4203:
4199:
4189:
4179:
4173:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4145:
4139:
4131:
4126:12 September
4124:. Retrieved
4115:
4108:
4096:. Retrieved
4094:. Poemhunter
4086:
4074:. Retrieved
4064:
4052:
4040:
4017:
4008:
3972:
3963:
3927:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3884:
3874:
3860:
3850:
3836:
3826:
3812:
3798:
3784:
3774:
3760:
3750:
3738:
3726:
3714:
3701:
3694:
3682:
3670:
3658:
3646:
3634:
3606:
3573:
3567:
3539:
3483:
3453:
3430:
3424:
3401:
3395:
3383:. Retrieved
3379:
3336:
3330:
3288:
3266:
3254:
3243:
3231:
3211:
3202:
3193:
3177:
3171:
3164:
3159:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3123:
3117:
3112:
3103:
3098:
3094:
3089:) created a
3080:
3071:
3069:
3060:
3056:
3054:
3047:
3045:
3029:
3019:
3006:
2999:
2984:The city of
2983:
2963:
2961:
2935:
2916:
2896:Abū Hiffān
2888:Ibn al-Nadim
2859:
2855:
2850:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2823:
2811:
2807:
2798:
2789:
2782:
2780:
2763:
2723:
2711:
2699:
2665:
2655:
2654:), known as
2645:
2641:
2640:
2570:Dhul Khalasa
2513:
2512:
2342:
2337:Spirituality
2313:Ra's al Ghul
2288:King Marsile
2246:
2245:
2171:Magic carpet
2060:
1989:
1988:
1922:
1921:
1758:Saudi Arabia
1674:
1673:
1600:
1599:
1525:
1524:
1478:
1477:
1449:
1448:
1410:
1409:
1340:
1339:
1312:
1187:
1113:Algerian Raï
1101:
1100:
1014:
1013:
962:
961:
942:Quarter tone
902:Arabic maqam
896:
800:
799:
744:
663:
639:Hedwig glass
602:
601:
535:
534:
502:
484:
405:Caravanserai
383:
382:
216:
214:
169:
164:Architecture
43:
7799:810s deaths
7734:Gay Muslims
7704:750s births
7676:(franchise)
7658:Open sesame
7575:Dunyazadiad
7517:(1918–1919)
7455:(Cherubini)
7411:1001 Nights
7406:(2000–2001)
7382:(1993–1997)
7026:Abou Hassan
6964:(1926–1932)
6956:(1885–1888)
6948:(1704–1717)
6734:Fadwa Tuqan
6679:Ahmed Matar
6664:al-Jawahiri
6644:Amal Donqol
6639:Salah Jahin
6569:Tayeb Salih
6444:Yusuf Idris
6396:Farah Antun
6336:al-Kawakibi
6233:Hanna Diyab
6210:Ottoman era
6195:Ibn Khaldun
6165:Ibn Battuta
6077:Ibn al-Arif
5972:Ibn Khafaja
5754:Dik al-Jinn
5744:Al-Qasabani
5714:Al-Mubarrad
5699:Al-Farahidi
5669:Al-Armanazi
5609:Ibn al-Rumi
5589:Al-Isfahani
5564:Al-Hamadani
5529:Al-Mudabbir
5496:Abbasid era
5486:al-Mufaddal
5381:Al-Farazdaq
5339:Al-Munakhal
5234:Al-Shanfara
5219:Al-Hujayjah
5188:Pre-Islamic
4997:Moshe Lazar
4918:"Abū Nuwās"
4807:. Dedalus.
4652:"Abū Nuwās"
4180:La Corónica
4144:"mu'ammā".
4070:"Abu Nuwas"
3989:|work=
3944:|work=
3808:Margoliouth
3675:Flügel 1862
3385:22 November
3259:Wagner 2007
3076:Tayeb Salih
3000:In 1976, a
2696:Arabic poet
2273:Battal Gazi
1458:Anthologies
1258:Raqs Sharqi
1213:Belly dance
1056:Iraqi maqam
984:Arabic jazz
979:Arabic rock
832:Fouta towel
634:Girih tiles
552:Arab carpet
523:Fatimid art
518:Islamic art
373:Windcatcher
238:Arabic dome
7794:Shu'ubiyya
7698:Categories
7663:Roc (rukh)
7529:Literature
7445:Abu Hassan
7379:Alif Laila
7371:Television
7183:Khosrow II
7131:Historical
7041:Characters
6825:Mauritania
6629:Ali Douagi
6549:Hanna Mina
6539:Al Gosaibi
6406:May Ziadeh
6321:Ahmad Rida
6286:El Baroudy
6218:Al-Nabulsi
6190:al-Nafzawi
6185:Ibn Nubata
6160:Ibn Manzur
6137:Mamluk era
6122:Ibn Tufayl
6112:Ibn Jubayr
6082:Ibn Wahbun
6067:Abu Madyan
5997:Ibn Zaydún
5992:Ibn Zamrak
5982:Ibn Quzman
5967:Ibn Juzayy
5962:Ibn Bassam
5932:Ibn Hamdis
5897:Abu Ja'far
5884:Al-Andalus
5874:Ibn 'Adlan
5819:Ibn Hayyus
5809:al-Tawhīdī
5804:Al-Daylami
5789:Al-Tughrai
5769:Ibn Bakkar
5704:Al-Shafi'i
5639:Al-Ma'arri
5614:Ibn Duraid
5524:Abu Tammam
5299:Al-Nabigha
4697:1042925515
4453:Ṣāliḥ 1991
3766:al-Qāhirah
3559:1032725647
3223:References
3106:Pasolini's
3074:(1966) by
3026:homoerotic
3016:Censorship
2974:Al-Andalus
2970:Ibn Quzman
2958:Influences
2951:Qajar Iran
2795:Khamiryyat
2720:Early life
2692: 814
2685: 756
2664:) or just
2644:(variant:
2545:Dhat-Badan
2473:Theandrios
2453:Baalshamin
2448:Atarsamain
2303:Palamedes
2046:Muqaddimah
2006:Al-isharat
1912:Avicennism
1864:Philosophy
1733:Mauritania
1542:Muwashshah
1507:Khamriyyah
1307:Literature
1253:Ouled Nail
1066:Muwashshah
969:Arabic pop
528:Mamluk art
475:Well house
410:Bimaristan
298:Mashrabiya
116:Occupation
81: 756
7789:Pederasty
7739:Gay poets
7470:La statue
7341:Templates
7153:Al-Ma'mun
7138:Abu Nuwas
7090:Legendary
7049:Fictional
6840:Palestine
6689:al-Sayyab
6684:Al-Bayati
6155:Al-Busiri
6102:al-Fazazi
6087:Ibn Abdun
6057:Ibn Arabi
6047:Yusuf III
6042:Yusuf III
6032:Al-Tutili
5952:Ibn Amira
5917:Buthaina
5912:Ibn Ammar
5849:Al-Hallaj
5784:Niftawayh
5729:Al-Zahiri
5654:Abu Nuwas
5619:al-Zajjaj
5584:Al-Busiri
5544:Al-Asma'i
5436:Kuthayyir
5431:Al-Khansa
5358:Classical
5224:Al-Ḥurqah
4939:1873-9830
4790:cite book
4782:298105272
4748:633767474
4724:475143542
4706:Abunuwasi
4673:1875-9831
4512:Gado 1998
4428:815389625
4393:260209089
4289:0013-0613
4026:cite book
3991:ignored (
3981:cite book
3946:ignored (
3936:cite book
3626:898753712
3543:. Hurst.
3511:cite book
3503:819159055
3439:cite book
3410:cite book
3345:cite book
3316:cite book
3308:890932769
3156:Hakim Bey
3120:Indonesia
3095:Abunuwasi
3083:Tanzanian
3036:pederasty
2923:al-Ma’mūn
2819:pederasty
2752:Marwan II
2732:) of the
2708:folkloric
2677:Abū Nuwās
2666:Abū Nuwās
2388:Al-Kutbay
2216:Shadhavar
2181:Mount Qaf
2156:Karkadann
2073:Mythology
1959:Asabiyyah
1917:Averroism
1748:Palestine
1670:Mutadārik
1667:Mutaqārib
1658:Mujtathth
1510:Tardiyyah
1330:Classical
1273:Schikhatt
1238:Khaleegy
1015:Art music
842:Jellabiya
755:Battoulah
609:Arabesque
603:Features
465:Shadirvan
268:Hypostyle
233:Arabesque
217:Features
185:Nabataean
50:Abu Nuwas
39:Dhu Nuwas
18:Abū Nuwās
7668:Shahrokh
7546:" (1845)
7539:" (1830)
7480:(Lecocq)
7478:Ali-Baba
7453:Ali Baba
7358:Ali Baba
7061:Ali Baba
6783:Djibouti
6499:Said Akl
6092:Avempace
6072:al-Rundi
6052:Ibn Hazm
5987:Ibn Sahl
5957:Ibn Baqi
5834:Al Uyuni
5664:Shāriyah
5659:Al-Jahiz
5294:Mu'aqqir
5264:Al-A'sha
5069:(1843).
5025:(1975).
4929:(eds.).
4870:61302672
4758:(1970).
4734:(1961).
4683:(1862).
4663:(eds.).
4642:43050203
4562:22 April
4487:43496228
4332:Al-Hayat
4319:Archived
4016:(1885).
3971:(1915).
3926:(1915).
3906:(1972).
3882:(1868).
3858:(1888).
3834:(1888).
3806:(1913).
3758:(1965).
3248:Garzanti
3124:Abunawas
2927:Khurāsān
2802:Persians
2671:أبو نواس
2503:Yarhibol
2483:Malakbel
2353:Al-‘Uzzá
2263:Ali Baba
2236:Zulfiqar
1923:Concepts
1907:Farabism
1698:Djibouti
1655:Muqtaḍab
1649:Munsariħ
1592:Ghinnawa
1567:Riddles
1552:Mathnawi
1314:Language
1268:Shamadan
1233:Hagallah
1086:Tahmilah
867:Takchita
827:Durra'ah
822:Djellaba
801:Clothing
775:Madhalla
765:Keffiyeh
745:Headwear
699:Mashriq
693:(Levant)
649:Muqarnas
368:Voussoir
363:Vaulting
358:Tadelakt
348:Socarrat
318:Muqarnas
138:a series
136:Part of
124:Language
7674:Aladdin
7631:Related
7514:Aladdin
7348:Aladdin
7158:Baibars
7122:Solomon
7056:Aladdin
6986:Aladdin
6973:Stories
6870:Tunisia
6855:Somalia
6830:Morocco
6815:Lebanon
6778:Comoros
6773:Bahrain
6768:Algeria
6544:Echebbi
6097:al-Baji
6027:Qasmuna
5889:Maghreb
5779:Al-Suli
5579:Buhturi
4999:(ed.).
4841:17 June
4825:Mercury
4762:(ed.).
4616:Sources
4227:at the
4167:. 2009.
4148:. 1998.
3091:Swahili
2986:Baghdad
2965:mu‘ammā
2931:Al-Amin
2921:before
2746:Umayyad
2742:Persian
2700:muhdath
2595:Yaghūth
2565:Basamum
2520:Almaqah
2488:Orotalt
2443:Al-Qaum
2438:Aglibol
2373:Chaabou
2368:Dushara
2318:Sindbad
2298:Othello
2253:Aladdin
2211:Shaddad
2091:Bahamut
1802:Science
1778:Tunisia
1763:Somalia
1738:Morocco
1723:Lebanon
1693:Comoros
1688:Bahrain
1683:Algeria
1661:Muḍāriʿ
1596:Humayni
1520:Hamasah
1412:Islamic
1395:Tezkire
1390:Tabaqat
1283:Tanoura
1223:Deheyeh
1118:Bedouin
1071:Qasidah
1031:Bashraf
1004:Khaliji
999:Al Jeel
852:Macawis
817:Burnous
785:Tantour
780:Taqiyah
717:(Sudan)
715:Mawset
709:(Egypt)
707:Mawset
683:Khalij
676:Cuisine
619:Banna'i
425:Madrasa
395:Alcázar
248:Gardens
243:Banna'i
205:Moorish
200:Fatimid
195:Abbasid
190:Umayyad
175:Islamic
106:Baghdad
66:in 1916
7602:(2015)
7594:(1991)
7586:(1979)
7578:(1972)
7570:(1964)
7562:(1939)
7554:(1882)
7490:(1914)
7482:(1887)
7473:(1861)
7465:(1858)
7457:(1833)
7448:(1811)
7440:(1800)
7429:Operas
7414:(2011)
7398:(2000)
7390:(1994)
7353:Sinbad
7333:(2015)
7325:(1991)
7322:Ajooba
7317:(1978)
7309:(1974)
7301:(1969)
7293:(1968)
7285:(1961)
7277:(1960)
7269:(1952)
7261:(1949)
7253:(1946)
7245:(1942)
7237:(1940)
7229:(1926)
7221:(1924)
7188:Shirin
6875:U.A.E.
6810:Kuwait
6805:Jordan
6464:Adunis
6266:Modern
6223:Fuzûlî
6022:Nazhun
5314:Tarafa
5055:
5033:
5011:
4984:
4965:
4937:
4904:
4885:
4868:
4858:
4832:
4811:
4780:
4770:
4746:
4722:
4712:
4695:
4671:
4640:
4630:
4534:
4485:
4475:
4426:
4416:
4391:
4381:
4294:31 May
4287:
4098:27 May
4076:27 May
3624:
3614:
3580:
3557:
3547:
3501:
3491:
3306:
3296:
3111:, the
2990:Tigris
2941:Legacy
2783:diwan,
2749:caliph
2575:Haukim
2560:Qaynan
2555:Ta'lab
2550:Haubas
2540:Salman
2535:Athtar
2403:Azizos
2358:Al-Lat
2231:Wāḳwāḳ
2201:Qutrub
2196:Qareen
2186:Nasnas
2166:Luqman
2161:Kujata
2116:Dandan
2081:Ababil
1783:U.A.E.
1718:Kuwait
1713:Jordan
1652:Khafīf
1642:Rajaz
1587:Nabati
1582:Mawwal
1572:Kharja
1562:Nasīb
1557:Ruba'i
1547:Urjūza
1537:Qasida
1532:Diwan
1513:Khawal
1503:Ghazal
1493:Rithā'
1479:Genres
1451:Poetry
1444:Aqidah
1429:Hadith
1424:Tafsir
1360:Maqama
1335:Modern
1288:Yowlah
1278:Tahtib
1248:Mizmar
1228:Guedra
1178:Shaabi
1163:Mezwed
1158:Mawwal
1143:Fijiri
1108:Ataaba
1096:Waslah
1091:Taqsim
1081:Sama'i
1061:Mawwal
1051:Malhun
1046:Layali
963:Genres
937:Teslim
922:Taqsim
897:Theory
862:Sirwal
847:Kaftan
795:Turban
770:Litham
659:Zellij
644:Kiswah
629:Damask
503:Styles
480:Zawiya
470:Tekyeh
440:Mosque
420:Kasbah
415:Hammam
400:Bazaar
378:Zellij
308:Mosaic
210:Mamluk
180:Yemeni
170:Styles
127:Arabic
7643:Ifrit
7638:Ghoul
7610:Lists
7498:Other
7422:Music
7206:Films
7102:Khidr
6880:Yemen
6865:Syria
6860:Sudan
6845:Qatar
6820:Libya
6788:Egypt
6278:Nahda
6017:Muhya
5759:‘Inān
5279:Labīd
4738:[
4687:[
4655:. In
4603:1 May
4597:(PDF)
4582:(PDF)
3820:–278.
3706:(PDF)
3185:Notes
2770:Kufan
2766:Hafiz
2738:Ahvaz
2600:Yatha
2590:Ya'uq
2530:Anbay
2468:Suwa'
2463:Hubal
2433:Abgal
2423:Manāt
2418:Manāt
2413:Quzah
2408:Bajir
2393:Asira
2378:Manaf
2363:Manāt
2348:Allah
2176:Marid
2141:Ifrit
2136:Houri
2126:Ghoul
2121:Falak
2111:Buraq
1990:Texts
1979:Qadar
1969:Irfan
1949:Peace
1944:Dhati
1892:Kalam
1788:Yemen
1773:Syria
1768:Sudan
1753:Qatar
1728:Libya
1703:Egypt
1664:Sarīʿ
1646:Ramal
1637:Hazaj
1632:Wāfir
1627:Kamil
1622:Basīṭ
1618:Madīd
1614:Ṭawīl
1577:Zajal
1526:Forms
1516:Fakhr
1484:Madih
1463:Poets
1419:Quran
1400:Rihla
1341:Prose
1325:Paleo
1263:Samri
1218:Dabke
1208:Ardah
1200:Dance
1183:Zajal
1168:Samri
1041:Dulab
994:Opera
932:Lazma
891:Music
877:Tiraz
872:Thawb
837:Izaar
812:Bisht
807:Abaya
739:Dress
536:Types
460:Sabil
455:Ribat
450:Qalat
435:Mazar
430:Maqam
384:Types
338:Riwaq
328:Qadad
293:Liwan
253:Girih
228:Alfiz
223:Ablaq
85:Ahvaz
7648:Jinn
6835:Oman
6800:Iraq
5887:and
5053:ISBN
5031:ISBN
5009:ISBN
4982:ISBN
4963:ISBN
4935:ISSN
4902:ISBN
4883:ISBN
4866:OCLC
4856:ISBN
4843:2020
4830:ISBN
4809:ISBN
4796:link
4778:OCLC
4768:ISBN
4744:OCLC
4720:OCLC
4710:ISBN
4693:OCLC
4669:ISSN
4638:LCCN
4628:ISBN
4605:2024
4564:2024
4532:ISBN
4483:OCLC
4473:ISBN
4424:OCLC
4414:ISBN
4389:OCLC
4379:ISBN
4296:2021
4285:ISSN
4251:2010
4163:z".
4128:2010
4100:2020
4078:2020
4032:link
4000:link
3993:help
3955:link
3948:help
3868:–29.
3790:2303
3622:OCLC
3612:ISBN
3578:ISBN
3555:OCLC
3545:ISBN
3521:link
3517:link
3499:OCLC
3489:ISBN
3445:link
3416:link
3387:2022
3351:link
3322:link
3304:OCLC
3294:ISBN
3113:Sium
3087:Gado
3081:The
2867:and
2777:Work
2730:Iran
2580:Nasr
2498:Sa'd
2493:Ruda
2478:Wadd
2428:A'ra
2398:Awal
2383:Nuha
2206:Roc
2151:Jinn
2131:Hinn
1984:Qalb
1974:Nafs
1743:Oman
1708:Iraq
1609:Bayt
1498:Waṣf
1488:Hija
1439:Fiqh
1434:Sīra
1352:Saj
1320:Old
1243:Liwa
1173:Sawt
1153:Liwa
1102:Folk
1036:Dawr
927:Jins
760:Haik
750:Agal
343:Sahn
303:Riad
288:Iwan
263:Howz
119:Poet
95:Died
72:Born
5153:Old
4590:644
4208:doi
4159:"Lu
4121:394
3842:157
3818:277
3118:In
3104:In
2728:in
2680:);
2585:Sīn
2525:Amm
2458:Bēl
1964:Hal
1293:Zār
1009:Raï
497:Art
7700::
5048:.
5003:.
4961:.
4957:.
4864:.
4792:}}
4788:{{
4776:.
4718:.
4659:;
4636:.
4588:.
4584:.
4554:.
4481:.
4422:.
4387:.
4317:.
4313:.
4279:.
4204:44
4202:.
4198:.
4161:gh
4130:.
4028:}}
4024:{{
3985::
3983:}}
3979:{{
3940::
3938:}}
3934:{{
3620:.
3610:.
3592:^
3553:.
3529:^
3513:}}
3509:{{
3497:.
3487:.
3465:^
3441:}}
3437:{{
3412:}}
3408:{{
3378:.
3359:^
3347:}}
3343:{{
3318:}}
3314:{{
3302:.
3278:^
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