215:
86:
270:
3466:
571:
3260:
106:
Alaska the right to select lands then in the hands of the federal government, with the exception of Native territory. As a result, nearly 104.5 million acres (423,000 km) from the public domain would eventually be transferred to the state. The state government also attempted to acquire lands under section 6 of the
Statehood Act that were subject to Native claims under section 4, and that were currently occupied and used by Alaska Natives. The federal
134:
matters of land recommendations, claims committees, and political challenges the act would have in getting through congress. Many respected politicians and businessmen attended the meeting and delegates were astonished at the attention which they received from well-known political figures of the state. The growing presence and political importance of
Natives was evidenced when members were able to gain election to seven of the sixty seats in the legislature.
3212:
154:
resident; a revenue-sharing program for state land claims and national mineral development projects; secured hunting and fishing rights on public lands; and a Native
Commission to administrate state and federal compliance with the provisions of the claims settlement. They proposed receiving 10% of federal mineral lease revenue for ten years, once the freeze which had been placed on land patents to allow oil exploration was lifted.
163:
3120:
238:. The Alaska Federation of Natives (AFN) protested against Hickel's nomination, but he was eventually confirmed. He worked with the AFN, negotiating with Native leaders and state government over the disputed lands. Offers went back and forth, with each rejecting the other's proposals. The AFN wanted rights to land, while then-Governor
1043:"Recognition of aboriginal land rights in Alaska was a sharp departure from American Indian policy in other parts of the US. Observers believe this was more a result of slow economic development within Alaska than rejection of Indian policy," citing Cooley, R.A. 1983. "Evolution of Alaska land policy." in Morehouse, T. A. (editor).
424:
When the bill passed in 1971, it included provisions that had never before been attempted in previous United States settlements with Native
Americans. The newly passed Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act created twelve Native regional economic development corporations. Each corporation was associated
120:
struck the state in 1964. Recovery efforts drew the attention of the federal government. The
Federal Field Committee for Development Planning in Alaska decided that Natives should receive $ 100 million and 10% of revenue as a royalty. Nothing was done with this proposal, however, and a freeze on land
458:
The state of Alaska to date has been granted approximately 85% or 90 million acres (360,000 km) of the land claims it has made under ANCSA. The state is entitled to a total of 104.5 million acres (423,000 km) under the terms of the
Statehood Act. Originally the state had 25 years
316:
With major petroleum dollars on the line, pressure mounted to achieve a definitive legislative resolution at the federal level. In 1971, the Alaska Native Claims
Settlement Act was signed into law by President Nixon. It abrogated Native claims to aboriginal lands except those that are the subject of
428:
The idea originated with the AFN, who believed that the
Natives would have to become a part of the capitalist system in order to survive. As stockholders in these corporations, the Natives could earn some income and stay in their traditional villages. If the corporations were managed properly, they
153:
summoned a group of
Indigenous leaders and politicians to work out a settlement that would be satisfactory to Natives. The group met for ten days and asked for $ 20 million in exchange for requested lands. Among the other task force proposals were an outright grant of 1,000 acres per native village
648:
Additionally, most regions and some villages have created their own nonprofits providing social services and health care through grant funding and federal compacts. The objectives of these nonprofits are varied, but focus generally on cultural and educational activities. These include scholarships
133:
called for a statewide meeting inviting numerous leaders around Alaska to gather and create the first meeting of a committee. The historic meeting was held
October 18, 1966 - on the 99th anniversary of the transfer of Alaska from Russia. Notti presided over the three-day conference as it discussed
454:
similarly provided satellite imagery to aid in Native corporations finding areas most suited for vegetation and their traditional subsistence culture. The imagery showed locations of caribou and moose, as well as forests with marketable timber. In total about 7 million acres (28,000 km)
105:
provided that any existing Alaska Native land claims would be unaffected by statehood and held in status quo. Yet while section 4 of the act preserved Native land claims until later settlement, section 6 allowed for the state government to claim lands deemed vacant. Section 6 granted the state of
284:
positions were staked out upon which the AFN and other stakeholders could largely agree. Native leaders, in addition to Alaska's congressional delegation and the state's newly elected Governor Egan, eventually reached the basis for presenting an agreement to Congress. Bergt attended a March 1971
479:
Some Natives have argued that ANCSA has hastened cultural genocide of Alaska Natives. Some Natives critiqued ANCSA as an illegitimate treaty since only tribal leaders were involved and the provisions of the act were not voted on by indigenous populations. One native described it as a social and
483:
Others have argued that the settlement was arguably the most generous afforded by the United States to a Native group. They note that some of the largest and most profitable corporations in the state are the twelve created by ANCSA. Other critics attacked the act as "Native welfare" and such
487:
The corporation system has been critiqued, as in some cases stockholders have sold land to outside corporations that have leveled forests and extracted minerals. But supporters of the system argue that it has provided economic benefits for indigenous peoples that outweigh these problems.
467:(BLM). Amendments to ANCSA extended that deadline until 1994, with the expectation that BLM would complete processing of land transfers subject to overlapping Native claims by 2009. Nonetheless, some Native and state selections under ANCSA remained unresolved as late as December 2014.
317:
the law. In return, Natives retained up to 44 million acres (180,000 km) of land and were paid $ 963 million. The land and money were to be divided among regional, urban, and village tribal corporations established under the law, often recognizing existing leadership.
475:
There was largely positive reaction to ANCSA, although not entirely. The act was supported by Natives as well as non-Natives, and likewise enjoyed bipartisan support. Natives were heavily involved in the legislative process, and the final draft of the act used many AFN ideas.
373:, which the new act allowed to come to fruition, affected ownership to about 148.5 million acres (601,000 km) of land in Alaska once wholly controlled by the federal government. That is larger by 6 million acres (24,000 km) than the combined areas of
3113:
305:, president of the Alaska Federation of Natives a week later. That meeting held on March 12, marked a turning-point in negotiations with the various parties. The proposed settlement terms faced challenges in both houses but found a strong ally in Senator
3067:
3127:
3060:
352:.... With my experience working in the Department of the Interior and with the Statehood Act, and my faith in the determination and unity of purpose of Alaska's Native people, I believed from the beginning that a settlement could be achieved
437:
Alaska Natives had three years from passage of ANCSA to make land selections of the 44 million acres (180,000 km) granted under the act. In some cases Native corporations received outside aid in surveying the land. For instance,
197:
The plan had been approved, but a permit to construct the pipeline, which would cross lands involved in the land claims dispute, could not be granted until the Native claims were settled. Hearings were held for the first time before the
534:
was revoked but with the proviso that pending claims under that act would continue to be processed under section 18. Successful applicants would be excluded under ANCSA by section 14(h)(5) from land to be used for a primary
4552:
3134:
2252:
4575:
2232:"Alaska Statehood Act: Selection of public lands, fish and wildlife, public schools, mineral permits, mineral grants, confirmation of grants, internal improvements, submerged lands (Section 6)"
520:
Of the approximately 80,000 Natives enrolled under ANCSA, those living in villages (approximately two-thirds of the total) would receive 100 shares in both a village and a regional corporation.
340:
all backing the bill, the opposition died down. Stevens was particularly strongminded, and was key in the bill's passage. Stevens, a freshman Senator for most of the fight, would later remark:
356:.... My memories of the Congressional action as ANCSA took shape aren't of a battle as much as they are of long hours of tough, hard negotiating, often two steps forward and one step back
4415:
3847:
2381:
3074:
2871:
2831:
2791:
2711:
2674:
2510:
2017:
214:
4225:
266:(Seminole), Earl Old Person (Blackfeet), John C. Rainer (Taos Pueblo), Martin Seneca Jr. (Seneca), Harold Shunk (Yankton-Sioux), and Joseph C. "Lone Eagle" Vasquez (Apache-Sioux).
4515:
3411:
1996:
4754:
3089:
4331:
3681:
425:
with a specific region of Alaska and the Natives who had traditionally lived there. This innovative approach to native settlements engaged the tribes in corporate capitalism.
1540:
429:
could make profits that would enable individuals to stay, rather than having to leave Native villages to find better work. This was intended to help preserve Native culture.
649:
for Native students, sponsorship of cultural and artistic events, preservation efforts for Native languages, and protection of sites with historic or religious importance.
551:
The surface rights to the patented land were granted to the village corporations and the subsurface right to the land were granted to the regional corporation, creating a
548:
Surface rights to 44 million acres (180,000 km) were patented to the Native village and regional corporations under sections 12(c), as well as 14(h)(1) and (8).
5058:
3053:
1571:
2580:
2310:
1398:
4970:
4106:
3689:
5452:
3779:
3008:
1423:
5519:
5316:
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were analyzed for Doyon. Natives were able to choose tens of thousands of acres of land rich with timber while Doyon used mineral analysis to attract businesses.
503:
In exchange for abrogating Native claims, approximately one-ninth of the state's land plus $ 962.5 million were distributed to more than 200 local Alaska Native
5365:
4367:
5217:
4602:
4403:
3854:
313:. The most controversial issues that continued to hold up approval were methods for determining land selection by Alaska Natives and financial distribution.
4747:
2259:
166:
Cliff Groh was one of a number of non-Native lawyers who assisted various Native organizations and AFN's president Emil Notti in achieving passage of ANCSA.
141:(AFN), and a new full-time President, Emil Notti. AFN went on to profoundly change the human rights and economic stability of the Alaska Native population.
4178:
4058:
3732:
3673:
49:. ANCSA was intended to resolve long-standing issues surrounding aboriginal land claims in Alaska, as well as to stimulate economic development throughout
1465:
5438:
5337:
5086:
4379:
4034:
3654:
3404:
2648:
5210:
4993:
4765:
3435:
348:.... It didn't occur to me that some Senators had the opportunity to ease into their jobs. Life in the Senate for me was fast-paced from the beginning
4724:
4710:
110:
began to process the Alaska government's selections without taking into account the Native claims and without informing the affected Native groups.
4738:
4668:
4390:
4130:
3894:
1227:
5482:
5344:
4456:
3348:
3192:
1085:"Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (Public Law 92-203): History and Analysis Together With Subsequent Amendments Report No. 81-127 GOV"
868:
5597:
5166:
4010:
3627:
3397:
2374:
657:
ANCSA created about 224 village and urban corporations. Below is a representative list of village and urban corporations created under ANCSA:
5625:
5417:
5224:
480:
political experiment. Critics have also argued that Natives so feared massacre or incarceration that they offered no resistance to the act.
5722:
4420:
4395:
4114:
3697:
2882:
2842:
2802:
2722:
2685:
2521:
2028:
1200:
294:
4931:
1534:"1 Testimony of Sealaska Corporation Native Regional Corporation for Southeast Alaska's Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian People May 16, 2013"
5109:
5051:
5016:
3784:
3455:
1143:"Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (Public Law 92-203): History and Analysis Together With Subsequent Amendments: Introduction"
64:
and over 200 local village corporations. A thirteenth regional corporation was later created for Alaska Natives who no longer resided in
5284:
4908:
4050:
1019:
5658:
5383:
4774:
4595:
3764:
1533:
5651:
5023:
4629:
4620:
4154:
3716:
5547:
5372:
5261:
5240:
4540:
3842:
3106:
235:
227:
202:'s Subcommittee on Indian Affairs in July 1968. Among those who attended the hearings were officials and legislators, as well as
3036:
2911:
5445:
5123:
4731:
3799:
3554:
2285:
1717:
935:, Harry Carter, Jerry Crow, Jeff David, Frank Degnan, Andrew Demonski, Mark Ewan, Richard Frank, Charles Franz, Tom Gregoroff,
255:
5667:
5401:
5173:
4436:
4361:
4337:
3907:
3420:
2971:
2642:
1751:
1622:
1373:
883:
286:
2057:
5737:
4963:
4850:
4654:
4588:
4570:
4018:
3887:
3646:
2203:
1434:
1084:
5270:
5254:
4636:
3986:
3619:
3583:
3185:
1903:
565:
508:
504:
61:
514:
Of the compensation monies, $ 462.5 million was to come from the federal treasury and the rest from oil revenue-sharing.
186:
into headlines. In order to lessen the difficulty of drilling at such a remote location and transporting the oil to the
5358:
5277:
5194:
5116:
4545:
4373:
3443:
2557:
2483:
2350:
1926:"Institutional innovation in less than ideal conditions: management of commons by an Alaska Native village corporation"
661:
1175:
293:
and was able to persuade Agnew there to meet with national officials, herself, Christiansen, an Alaska State Senator;
5567:
5473:
5408:
4495:
4090:
3954:
3600:
597:
592:
5459:
5394:
4042:
3096:
511:
and a non-land-owning thirteenth corporation for Alaska Natives who had left the state established under section 6.
5690:
5496:
5180:
5095:
5079:
5037:
4894:
4703:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
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1390:
1142:
517:
Settlement benefits would accrue to those with at least one-fourth Native ancestry under sections 3(b) and 5(a).
5533:
5526:
5130:
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2101:
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3121:
Take My Land Take My Life: The Story of Congress's Historic Settlement of Alaska Native Land Claims, 1960-1971
2629:
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5351:
5102:
4887:
4313:
3774:
3532:
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3082:
GAO Report: Increased Use of Alaska Native Corporations’ Special 8(a) Provisions Calls for Tailored Oversight
992:
642:
542:
524:
369:
In 1971, barely one million acres of land in Alaska were in private hands. ANCSA, together with section 6 of
2432:
5512:
5505:
5044:
4986:
4500:
4355:
4194:
3903:
3794:
3373:
3361:
2962:
1614:
138:
2473:
5489:
5247:
4611:
4510:
4295:
878:
531:
1284:
5231:
5009:
3930:
3769:
3571:
3449:
3378:
1678:
1643:
1503:
1289:
1257:
776:
612:
3090:"A Corporate Culture? The Environmental Justice Challenges of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act"
2980:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1798:
1673:
1638:
1498:
1359:
1252:
206:, Roger Connor, Thoda Forslund, Cliff Groh, Barry Jackson, Flore Lekanof, Notti, and Morris Thompson.
5699:
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5159:
4956:
4915:
4289:
4216:
4074:
3835:
3514:
3321:
920:
632:
464:
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251:
247:
107:
1874:
113:
It was against this backdrop that the original language for a land claims settlement was developed.
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1365:
1320:
1228:"Excerpts from History of Events Leading to the Passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act"
298:
85:
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1925:
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4301:
3804:
3306:
956:
812:
617:
302:
3107:"The "1991 Amendments" to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act: Protection for Native Lands?"
1204:
242:
believed Natives did not have legitimate claims to state land in light of the provisions of the
5642:
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4002:
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3338:
3311:
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2606:
834:
764:
697:
320:
Alaskan officials were originally divided on the bill, though by 1970, with Interior Secretary
190:, the oil companies proposed building a pipeline to carry the oil across Alaska to the port of
117:
4857:
3027:
2757:
5201:
4253:
4170:
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3592:
3165:
2547:
2340:
1747:
796:
788:
587:
290:
175:
46:
17:
1705:
1608:
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3938:
3333:
3234:
3224:
1859:
1691:
1656:
1516:
873:
637:
627:
460:
447:
370:
243:
102:
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8:
5574:
5309:
4802:
4446:
3922:
3563:
3480:
3299:
3244:
2998:
2160:
820:
607:
582:
239:
199:
3389:
1057:
194:. At Valdez, the oil would be loaded onto tankers and shipped to the contiguous states.
5581:
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4247:
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4208:
3509:
3492:
3486:
3289:
3239:
3160:
2001:
792:
692:
310:
69:
45:
on December 18, 1971, constituting what is still the largest land claims settlement in
5558:
5466:
5065:
4644:
4461:
4186:
4098:
3970:
3201:
2936:
2872:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
2832:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
2792:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
2763:
2712:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
2675:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
2638:
2553:
2511:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
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2438:
2406:
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2097:
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2018:"Chapter 12 The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act at 35: Delivering on the Promise"
1804:
1721:
1618:
1577:
1471:
1369:
1326:
928:
808:
450:. The Institute determined which land contained resources such as minerals and coal.
1424:"Oil and Gas Development on Alaska's North Slope: Past Results and Future Prospects"
507:
established under section 8, in addition to 12 land-owning for-profit Alaska Native
5152:
4834:
4810:
3830:
3809:
710:
545:
composed of Natives who had left the state would receive compensation but not land.
398:
306:
263:
4553:
United States Congressional Joint Special Committee on Conditions of Indian Tribes
2124:
1740:
570:
538:
The twelve regional corporations within the state would administer the settlement.
5611:
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4924:
4843:
4661:
4473:
4202:
4122:
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3994:
3279:
3229:
3018:
2196:
1977:
1604:
1020:"U.S. To Pay Navajo Nation $ 554 Million In Largest Tribal Settlement In History"
952:
780:
737:
325:
281:
187:
3155:
3140:"Settling the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act", 38 Stan. L. Rev. 227 (1985).
2999:"Land Selection and Development under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act,"
262:, which included eight Native leaders: Frank Belvin (Choctaw), Bergt (Iñupiat),
137:
When the group met a second time early in 1967, it emerged with a new name, The
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191:
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39:
2161:"Land Selection and Development under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act"
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The remaining one-third would be "at large" shareholders with 100 shares in a
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856:
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Regional corporations established by the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act.
527:
with additional rights to revenue from regional mineral and timber resources.
497:
386:
382:
321:
223:
219:
150:
57:
42:
2637:. University of Alaska Anchorage and Alaska Pacific University. p. 24.
843:
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4349:
3504:
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3316:
1839:
1725:
1391:"Arctic Oil: Oil is the lifeblood of Alaska, with residents ready to drill"
924:
916:
552:
406:
390:
179:
3080:
3020:
Alaska Native Cultures and Issues: Responses to Frequently Asked Questions
1111:
665:
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948:
936:
394:
337:
333:
329:
273:
259:
203:
90:
1955:
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750:
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The following thirteen regional corporations were created under ANCSA:
402:
130:
94:
4873:
4277:
4265:
3498:
3284:
3011:
Proceedings from the 38th Annual Rocky Mountain Mineral Law Institute
2973:
Against Culture: Development, Politics, and Religion in Indian Alaska
2059:
Against Culture: Development, Politics, and Religion in Indian Alaska
816:
804:
124:
3170:
3114:
Sold American: The Story of Alaska Natives and Their Land, 1867-1959
2937:"Search Page for Alaska Native Region - Village - Corporation Index"
2253:"118 Stat. 3594 (Public Law 108–452—DEC. 10, 2004) 43 USC 1635 note"
1112:"Alaska Statehood Act Public Law 85-508, 72 Stat. 339, July 7, 1958"
5000:
3902:
3150:
3009:"The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act: The First Twenty Years,"
993:"The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act: Conflict and Controversy"
847:
838:
418:
414:
410:
269:
3068:
Village Journey: The Report of the Alaska Native Review Commission
825:
706:
500:
claims in Alaska were extinguished by means of section 4 of ANCSA.
4226:
List of United States Supreme Court cases involving Indian tribes
1875:"Native Claims and Political Development: A Comparative Analysis"
999:. Polar Record, 23(142): 27-36 (1986). Cambridge University Press
768:
746:
378:
3128:
Art and Eskimo Power: The Life and Times of Alaskan Howard Rock
3061:
The Alaska Pipeline: The Politics of Oil and Native Land Claims
1361:
The Alaska Pipeline: The Politics of Oil and Native Land Claims
907:
Among the appointees were politicians Raymond C. Christiansen,
759:
728:
652:
65:
50:
2991:
Frigid Embrace: Politics, Economics, and Environment in Alaska
2093:
Frigid Embrace: Politics, Economics, and Environment in Alaska
1835:"Drama Tinges Meeting on Claims between Agnew, Native Leaders"
1610:
Menominee Drums: Tribal Termination and Restoration, 1954-1974
1322:
Frigid Embrace: Politics, Economics, and Environment in Alaska
3097:"The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act: A Flawed Victory,"
1176:"Statement of Ray Christiansen, State Senator for District K"
688:
679:
374:
162:
852:
773:
670:
4610:
715:
451:
171:
4107:
County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State
3690:
County of Oneida v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York State
3161:
Revisiting the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA)
1997:"Areas As Vast As Whole States Now Change Hands In Alaska"
1639:"Natives Approve Federal Plan to Alter Role of Government"
1497:
755:
742:
246:. On July 8, 1970, Nixon delivered a speech reversing the
5453:
National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
3419:
2197:"Fact Sheet Title: Land Ownership In Alaska (March 2000)"
1978:"Ted Stevens and the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act"
733:
5520:
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972
5317:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
3151:
The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act Resource Center
1668:
1666:
68:. The act is codified in chapter 33 of title 43 of the
5366:
Emergency Daylight Saving Time Energy Conservation Act
4368:
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act
4332:
Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act
2286:"Sealaska Selections in Tongass Added to Defense Bill"
724:
559:
5218:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
344:
ANCSA was my baptism of fire as a Senator from Alaska
209:
101:
When Alaska became a state in 1959, section 4 of the
4179:
City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York
4059:
Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida
3733:
City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of New York
3674:
Oneida Indian Nation of New York v. County of Oneida
3029:
The Alaska Native Reader: History, Culture, Politics
2475:
The Alaska Native Reader: History, Culture, Politics
1803:. University of Washington Press. pp. 271–287.
1663:
60:
claims to the land by transferring titles to twelve
5338:
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act of 1972
4994:
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants
4380:
Cherokee Nation Truth in Advertising for Native Art
4035:
Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation
3655:
Federal Power Commission v. Tuscarora Indian Nation
463:to file claims under section 6 of the act with the
4563:
1975:
1576:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 202–205.
1470:. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 241–269.
1285:"Hickel Sees Satisfactory Settling of Land Claims"
1045:Alaskan Resources Development: Issues of the 1980s
432:
125:Founding of the Alaska Federation of Natives (AFN)
2437:. University of Washington Press. pp. xiii.
955:, Seraphim Stephan, Richard Stitt, George Trigg,
446:) was helped by the Geophysical Institute of the
97:discussing ANCSA in the Senate TV Studio in 1969.
5714:
4131:Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield
3156:Alaska Native Land Claims Settlement Act of 1971
1261:. Fairbanks, Alaska. 11 November 1967. p. 6
144:
5483:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
5345:Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973
4457:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
3349:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
1829:
1827:
1706:"President Appoints New Indian Council Members"
1682:. Fairbanks, Alaska. August 25, 1970. p. 3
1647:. Fairbanks, Alaska. October 3, 1970. p. 1
1293:. Fairbanks, Alaska. 12 January 1968. p. 7
869:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
491:
5167:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
4011:United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co.
3628:United States v. Santa Fe Pacific Railroad Co.
3004:, Vol. 28–3, pp. 201–208 (September 1975)
2631:Do Alaska Native People Get Free Medical Care?
2627:
2609:. Resource Development Council for Alaska, Inc
2424:
2125:"43 U.S. Code § 1611 - Native land selections"
1843:. Fairbanks, Alaska. March 17, 1971. pp.
1507:. Fairbanks, Alaska. July 17, 1968. p. 20
1353:
1351:
1349:
1247:
1245:
5225:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
4596:
3888:
3405:
3186:
2865:
2863:
2825:
2823:
2504:
2502:
2375:"Letter to Rep. Don Young dated May 15, 2013"
2096:. Oregon University Press. pp. 132–133.
364:
234:In 1969, President Nixon appointed Hickel as
4115:South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe, Inc.
1824:
1597:
1431:Open File Reports: Bureau of Land Management
1325:. Oregon University Press. pp. 99–112.
939:, Axel Johnson, Flore Lekanoff, Tony Lewis,
653:Alaska Native village and urban corporations
280:During the state administration of Governor
5439:Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act
5052:Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973
5017:Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974
3456:Confederation Congress Proclamation of 1783
3135:Give or Take a Century: An Eskimo Chronicle
2478:. Duke University Press. pp. 180–181.
2467:
2465:
2463:
2461:
2226:
2224:
2117:
2009:
1792:
1528:
1526:
1421:
1346:
1277:
1242:
1106:
1104:
1102:
943:, Emil McCord, Elva Naanes, Hugh Nicholls,
5285:Securities Investor Protection Corporation
4603:
4589:
4051:McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commission
3895:
3881:
3412:
3398:
3193:
3179:
3077:, (University of Alaska Press 3d ed. 2012)
2860:
2820:
2783:
2703:
2499:
2334:
2332:
2202:. Alaska Department of Natural Resources.
2055:
1956:"43 U.S.C. § 1602(o), "Urban Corporation""
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1203:. Alaska Earthquake Center. Archived from
254:. The following month, he established the
5255:Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act
2869:
2829:
2789:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2709:
2672:
2666:
2508:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2015:
1872:
1866:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1193:
5024:Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
4574:) is being considered for deletion. See
3489:(1790, 1793, 1796, 1799, 1802, and 1834)
3037:"Reconstructing Sovereignty in Alaska,"
2985:. University of Washington Press. (2006)
2939:. Alaska Department of Natural Resources
2545:
2471:
2458:
2338:
2305:
2303:
2221:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1523:
1417:
1415:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1099:
1050:
986:
984:
982:
980:
978:
976:
569:
268:
213:
161:
84:
5548:Water Resources Development Act of 1974
5373:Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act
5262:Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970
5241:U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
4404:Federal recognition of Native Hawaiians
3855:Federal recognition of Native Hawaiians
3843:Tribal sovereignty in the United States
2539:
2366:
2329:
2083:
2051:
2049:
1969:
1769:
14:
5715:
5446:National Ambient Air Quality Standards
5124:Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970
3698:South Carolina v. Catawba Indian Tribe
2912:"Reconstructing Sovereignty in Alaska"
2905:
2903:
2755:
2740:
2430:
2277:
2191:
2189:
2158:
2139:
2089:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1894:
1892:
1796:
1738:
1718:National Council on Indian Opportunity
1603:
1452:
1315:
1309:
1219:
1140:
1037:
256:National Council on Indian Opportunity
5402:Environmental Quality Improvement Act
5174:Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1970
5059:Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
4584:
4338:American Indian Religious Freedom Act
4155:Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho
3908:Native Americans in the United States
3876:
3717:Idaho v. Coeur d'Alene Tribe of Idaho
3421:Aboriginal title in the United States
3393:
3200:
3174:
2300:
1948:
1923:
1917:
1900:"Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act"
1569:
1558:
1463:
1422:Banet (Jr.), Arthur C. (March 1991).
1412:
1388:
1357:
1225:
1201:"The Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964"
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1129:
1047:. Boulder: Westview Press, pp. 13-49.
1011:
973:
884:Alaska Land Transfer Acceleration Act
484:complaints continue to be expressed.
470:
287:National Congress of American Indians
4964:Minority Business Development Agency
4019:Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States
3647:Tee-Hit-Ton Indians v. United States
3137:, (The Indian Historian Press 1971).
3123:, (University of Alaska Press 2001).
3116:, (University of Alaska Press 2003).
3023:. University of Alaska Press. (2010)
2929:
2909:
2573:
2245:
2046:
1930:International Journal of the Commons
1741:The States and Their Indian Citizens
1253:"37 Named to Land Claims Task Force"
1076:
1017:
80:
5723:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
5506:Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement
5271:Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act
4978:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
4909:Prevention of Nuclear War Agreement
4326:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
3987:Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy
3848:List of federally recognized tribes
3620:Seneca Nation of Indians v. Christy
3344:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
3070:, (Farrar, Straus and Giroux 1985).
2900:
2599:
2399:
2186:
2159:Haynes, James B. (September 1975).
2062:. U of Nebraska Press. p. 75.
1984:
1906:from the original on 31 August 2005
1889:
1757:from the original on March 20, 2022
1613:(Pbk. ed.). Norman, Oklahoma:
1573:Alaska: A History of the 49th State
1467:Alaska: A History of the 49th State
1401:from the original on 3 October 2005
566:Alaska Native Regional Corporations
560:Alaska Native regional corporations
62:Alaska Native regional corporations
32:Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
24:
5359:Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act
5278:Securities Investor Protection Act
5211:Occupational Safety and Health Act
5195:Economic Stabilization Act of 1970
5117:District of Columbia Home Rule Act
3444:Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions
3063:, (Indiana University Press 1975).
3056:, (Alaska Native Foundation 1978).
3046:
2621:
2472:Williams, Maria Sháa Tláa (2009).
2283:
1902:. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
1157:
990:
210:Government negotiations and policy
25:
5754:
5474:Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1970
5409:National Environmental Policy Act
4578:to help reach a consensus. ›
4496:National Indian Gaming Commission
4091:Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe
3955:New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble
3601:New York ex rel. Cutler v. Dibble
3144:
3109:, 8 Stan. Envtl. L.J. 200. (1989)
3001:Arctic Institute of North America
2372:
2168:Arctic Institute of North America
1389:Coile, Zachery (August 9, 2005).
1082:
598:Bering Straits Native Corporation
593:Arctic Slope Regional Corporation
5460:New Source Performance Standards
5395:Council on Environmental Quality
4043:Menominee Tribe v. United States
3464:
3258:
3235:Department of Alaska (1867–1884)
3210:
3075:Alaska Natives and American Laws
3032:. Duke University Press. (2009).
2762:. Interlink Books. p. 250.
2587:. University of Alaska Anchorage
2317:. University of Alaska Anchorage
182:coast, catapulting the issue of
5497:Coastal Zone Management Program
5418:Environmental Protection Agency
5181:Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973
5096:Federal Contested Elections Act
5080:Drug Enforcement Administration
5038:End Stage Renal Disease Program
4250:(1790,1793,1796,1799,1802,1834)
3245:Territory of Alaska (1912–1959)
3166:Alaska Native Corporation Links
2994:Oregon University Press. (2002)
2955:
2654:from the original on 2022-10-09
2552:. Zondervan. pp. 528–529.
2387:from the original on 2022-10-09
2345:. Zondervan. pp. 470–472.
2209:from the original on 2022-10-09
1732:
1698:
1631:
1546:from the original on 2022-10-09
1491:
1382:
1230:. Tanana Chiefs Conference, Inc
1064:. Cornell University Law School
901:
433:Native and state land selection
5534:Endangered Species Act of 1973
5527:Endangered Species Act of 1969
5131:Congressional Research Service
4711:VP confirmation of Gerald Ford
4480:In the Courts of the Conqueror
4083:Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez
3527:Indian Land Claims Settlements
3240:District of Alaska (1884–1912)
2628:Roderick (Ed.), Libby (2008).
2607:"Alaska's Native Corporations"
923:. Indigenous members included
603:Bristol Bay Native Corporation
276:was key in the bill's passage.
121:transfers remained in effect.
13:
1:
5352:Federal Energy Administration
5103:Federal Election Campaign Act
4888:Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty
4362:Native American Languages Act
3533:Indian Claims Limitations Act
3250:Recent history (1959–present)
3099:Law and Contemporary Problems
2801:: 6 (note 21). Archived from
2759:Alaska: On-the-road histories
2127:. Legal Information Institute
1873:Morehouse, Thomas A. (1987).
1087:. alaskool.org (June 1, 1981)
966:
927:, Cecil Barnes, Laura Bergt,
662:Ukpeaġvik Iñupiat Corporation
643:The 13th Regional Corporation
145:Native Land Claims Task Force
89:Jay Greenfield, U.S. Senator
75:
5513:Marine Mammal Protection Act
5425:Clean Air Amendments of 1970
5045:Supplemental Security Income
4987:Education Amendments of 1972
4501:Native American civil rights
4356:Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
4195:Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl
3682:Wilson v. Omaha Indian Tribe
3521:Indian Claims Commission Act
2870:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2830:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2790:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2710:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2673:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2546:Borneman, Walter R. (2009).
2509:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
2411:Alaska Federation of Natives
2339:Borneman, Walter R. (2009).
2016:Linxwiler, James D. (2007).
1746:(Report). Washington, D.C.:
1739:Taylor, Theodore W. (1972).
1615:University of Oklahoma Press
1499:"Native Land Claims Hearing"
492:Selected provisions of ANCSA
250:in favor of allowing tribal
139:Alaska Federation of Natives
27:Statute of the United States
7:
5738:91st United States Congress
5490:Coastal Zone Management Act
5248:Consumer Product Safety Act
5031:National Cancer Act of 1971
4669:1970 Lincoln Memorial visit
4612:Presidency of Richard Nixon
4571:Presidency of Richard Nixon
4516:Recognition of sacred sites
4511:Native American Rights Fund
4416:Federally recognized tribes
4296:Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act
3230:Russian America (1733–1867)
3039:Cultural Survival Quarterly
3026:Williams, Maria Sháa Tláa.
2976:U of Nebraska Press. (2001)
2964:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
2916:Cultural Survival Quarterly
2549:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
2342:Alaska: Saga of a Bold Land
2311:"Interview of Margie Brown"
2090:Haycox, Stephen W. (2002).
1062:Legal Information Institute
879:Alaska Native Allotment Act
862:
844:Ouzinkie Native Corporation
532:Alaska Native Allotment Act
258:, headed by Vice President
56:The settlement established
10:
5759:
5652:Senate Watergate Committee
5232:Permissible exposure limit
5010:Rehabilitation Act of 1973
4755:Presidential Proclamations
4374:Indian Arts and Crafts Act
3931:Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
3572:Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
3450:Royal Proclamation of 1763
3092:. 81 Miss. L.J. 813 (2012)
2982:Alaska: An American Colony
2967:. Harper Perennial. (2004)
2910:Worl, Rosita (Fall 2001).
2434:Alaska: An American Colony
1800:Alaska: An American Colony
1679:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
1644:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
1504:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
1290:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
1258:Fairbanks Daily News-Miner
846:, village corporation for
837:, village corporation for
783:, village corporation for
767:, village corporation for
758:, village corporation for
745:, village corporation for
743:Afognak Native Corporation
736:, village corporation for
727:, village corporation for
709:, village corporation for
700:, village corporation for
691:, village corporation for
682:, village corporation for
673:, village corporation for
664:, village corporation for
613:Chugach Alaska Corporation
563:
555:pursuant to section 14(f).
365:Effect of land conveyances
172:Atlantic-Richfield Company
5684:
5557:
5541:Oil Pollution Act of 1973
5382:
5160:Fair Credit Reporting Act
5142:
4957:Revised Philadelphia Plan
4941:
4916:Threshold Test Ban Treaty
4764:
4619:
4429:
4389:
4290:Indian Reorganization Act
4234:
4217:Oklahoma v. Castro-Huerta
4075:United States v. Antelope
3914:
3818:
3747:
3708:
3665:
3638:
3611:
3582:
3553:
3546:
3473:
3462:
3434:
3427:
3322:Aleutian Islands campaign
3267:
3256:
3217:
3208:
3130:, (Epicenter Press 1988).
3054:Alaska Native Land Claims
2056:Dombrowski, Kirk (2001).
1358:Berry, Mary Clay (1975).
1058:"43 U.S. Code Chapter 33"
774:The Kuskokwim Corporation
671:Bethel Native Corporation
633:NANA Regional Corporation
465:Bureau of Land Management
248:Indian termination policy
236:Secretary of the Interior
108:Bureau of Land Management
38:) was signed into law by
5691:← Johnson administration
5324:Agricultural Act of 1970
4867:1973 Chilean coup d'état
4576:templates for discussion
4442:Bureau of Indian Affairs
4344:Indian Child Welfare Act
4147:South Dakota v. Bourland
3275:Russian-American Company
3119:Mitchell, Donald Craig.
3112:Mitchell, Donald Craig.
1976:Ted Stevens Foundation.
1797:Haycox, Stephen (2006).
1674:"Laura Bergt on Council"
1570:Naske, Claus-M. (1994).
1464:Naske, Claus-M. (1994).
1366:Indiana University Press
1364:. Bloomington, Indiana:
894:
855:, urban corporation for
853:Shee Atika, Incorporated
828:, urban corporation for
718:, urban corporation for
299:Tanana Chiefs Conference
118:9.2-magnitude earthquake
5589:Saturday Night Massacre
5331:Farm Credit Act of 1971
5301:Alternative minimum tax
4491:Long Walk of the Navajo
4421:State recognized tribes
4320:Indian Civil Rights Act
3452:(British North America)
3307:Alaska boundary dispute
2841:: 33–34. Archived from
2520:: 16–17. Archived from
2431:Haycox, Steven (2006).
1720:: 2, 5. December 1970.
1716:(1). Washington, D.C.:
1433:: 6, 22. Archived from
1395:San Francisco Chronicle
826:Natives of Kodiak, Inc.
618:Cook Inlet Region, Inc.
509:"regional corporations"
5643:United States v. Nixon
5294:Tax Reform Act of 1969
4971:Native American policy
4950:Family Assistance Plan
4506:Native American gaming
4409:Legal status of Hawaii
4284:Indian Citizenship Act
4163:Idaho v. United States
4067:Bryan v. Itasca County
4003:Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock
3963:Standing Bear v. Crook
3860:Legal status of Hawaii
3826:Indigenous land rights
3725:Idaho v. United States
3312:1925 serum run to Nome
3133:Senungetuk, Joseph E.
835:Ounalashka Corporation
698:Huna Totem Corporation
575:
543:thirteenth corporation
505:"village corporations"
362:
277:
231:
167:
157:
98:
5700:Ford administration →
5202:Smithsonian Agreement
4725:Judicial appointments
4314:Indian Relocation Act
4171:United States v. Lara
3947:Fellows v. Blacksmith
3593:Fellows v. Blacksmith
3446:(1629 New Netherland)
2756:Madden, Ryan (2005).
2721:: 2–6. Archived from
2288:. Alaska Public Media
2027:: 3–5. Archived from
1748:Brookings Institution
1226:Grabinska, Kornelia.
588:The Aleut Corporation
573:
459:after passage of the
444:regional corporations
342:
291:Kansas City, Missouri
272:
217:
165:
88:
47:United States history
5733:1971 in American law
5605:White House Plumbers
3939:Worcester v. Georgia
3374:History of Fairbanks
3362:History of Anchorage
3334:Alaska Statehood Act
3095:Lazarus, Arthur Jr.
3007:Linxwiler, James D.
2961:Borneman, Walter R.
2881:: 27. Archived from
1924:Dixie, Dayo (2010).
1860:Newspaperarchive.com
1692:Newspaperarchive.com
1657:Newspaperarchive.com
1517:Newspaperarchive.com
1440:on 23 September 2015
1116:ancsa.lbblawyers.com
951:, Harvey Samuelson,
874:Alaska Statehood Act
756:Kavilco Incorporated
680:Cape Fox Corporation
638:Sealaska Corporation
628:Koniag, Incorporated
525:regional corporation
461:Alaska Statehood Act
448:University of Alaska
371:Alaska Statehood Act
244:Alaska Statehood Act
103:Alaska Statehood Act
5659:impeachment process
5575:Operation Sandwedge
5310:Revenue Act of 1971
5110:1970 VRA Amendments
4858:Shanghai Communiqué
4851:1972 visit to China
4803:Paris Peace Accords
4775:International trips
4655:Second inauguration
4486:Indian reservations
4447:Cherokee Commission
3923:Johnson v. McIntosh
3564:Johnson v. McIntosh
3481:Northwest Ordinance
2684:: 5. Archived from
1605:Peroff, Nicholas C.
1141:Richard S., Jones.
1018:Kroerner, Claudia.
734:Chenega Corporation
725:Paug-Vik, Inc. Ltd.
608:Calista Corporation
583:Ahtna, Incorporated
200:United States House
5582:Operation Gemstone
4881:1972 Moscow Summit
4637:First inauguration
4546:Self-determination
4541:Tribal sovereignty
4467:Eagle-bone whistle
4260:Indian Removal Act
4248:Nonintercourse Act
4242:Blood quantum laws
4209:McGirt v. Oklahoma
3515:Reorganization Act
3510:Curtis Act of 1898
3487:Nonintercourse Act
3218:Timeline of Alaska
3066:Berger, Thomas R.
3059:Berry, Mary Clay.
3052:Arnold, Robert D.
2970:Dombrowski, Kirk.
2888:on 6 December 2014
2848:on 6 December 2014
2808:on 6 December 2014
2728:on 6 December 2014
2691:on 6 December 2014
2527:on 6 December 2014
2380:. Audubon Alaska.
2034:on 6 December 2014
2005:. October 8, 1982.
2002:The New York Times
1317:Haycox, Stephen W.
1083:Jones, Richard S.
991:Thomas, Monica E.
779:2010-08-15 at the
576:
471:Criticism of ANCSA
285:conference of the
278:
252:self-determination
232:
228:Interior Secretary
174:discovered oil at
168:
149:In 1967, Governor
99:
93:and AFN President
5710:
5709:
5635:White House tapes
5626:list of opponents
5467:Noise Control Act
5066:Shafer Commission
4932:Space exploration
4902:Washington Summit
4796:Cambodian bombing
4704:1974 SOTU Address
4697:1973 SOTU Address
4690:1972 SOTU Address
4683:1971 SOTU Address
4676:1970 SOTU Address
4645:Bring Us Together
4561:
4560:
4462:Eagle feather law
4396:State recognition
4187:Cobell v. Salazar
4099:Solem v. Bartlett
3971:Ex parte Crow Dog
3870:
3869:
3743:
3742:
3542:
3541:
3387:
3386:
3268:Topics and events
3202:History of Alaska
3105:London, J. Tate.
3017:Roderick, Libby.
2997:Haynes, James B.
2988:Haycox, Stephen.
2979:Haycox, Stephen.
2644:978-1-4276-3215-9
1624:978-0-8061-3777-3
1375:978-0-253-10064-1
707:Haida Corporation
328:, Representative
222:was appointed as
81:Alaskan statehood
16:(Redirected from
5750:
5703:
5694:
5677:
5670:
5661:
5654:
5647:
5637:
5628:
5621:
5614:
5607:
5600:
5591:
5584:
5577:
5570:
5550:
5543:
5536:
5529:
5522:
5515:
5508:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5455:
5448:
5441:
5434:
5427:
5420:
5411:
5404:
5397:
5375:
5368:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5340:
5333:
5326:
5319:
5312:
5303:
5296:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5264:
5257:
5250:
5243:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5213:
5204:
5197:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5153:Bank Secrecy Act
5133:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5105:
5098:
5089:
5082:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5054:
5047:
5040:
5033:
5026:
5019:
5012:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4980:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4952:
4934:
4927:
4918:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4883:
4876:
4869:
4860:
4853:
4846:
4837:
4830:
4821:
4814:
4811:Peace with Honor
4805:
4798:
4791:
4784:
4777:
4757:
4750:
4748:Executive Orders
4741:
4734:
4727:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4648:
4639:
4632:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4582:
4581:
4437:Aboriginal title
4254:Civilization Act
4190:(D.C. Cir. 2009)
3897:
3890:
3883:
3874:
3873:
3831:Aboriginal title
3551:
3550:
3468:
3432:
3431:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3391:
3390:
3262:
3261:
3214:
3213:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3172:
3171:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2944:
2933:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2922:
2907:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2887:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2836:
2827:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2807:
2796:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2753:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2727:
2716:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2690:
2679:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2653:
2636:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2581:"Robert W. Rude"
2577:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2515:
2506:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2469:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2379:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2336:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2307:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2258:. Archived from
2257:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2208:
2201:
2193:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2165:
2156:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2033:
2022:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1993:
1982:
1981:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1896:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1855:
1831:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1794:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1745:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1652:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1567:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1538:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1461:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1439:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1355:
1344:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1249:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1172:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1138:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1108:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1054:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
988:
960:
957:Donald R. Wright
947:, George Olson,
905:
689:Deloycheet, Inc.
359:
355:
351:
347:
311:Washington state
307:Henry M. Jackson
264:Betty Mae Jumper
218:Alaska Governor
21:
5758:
5757:
5753:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5748:
5747:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5706:
5697:
5688:
5680:
5673:
5666:
5657:
5650:
5640:
5633:
5624:
5617:
5612:Watergate Seven
5610:
5603:
5596:
5587:
5580:
5573:
5566:
5553:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5525:
5518:
5511:
5504:
5495:
5488:
5481:
5472:
5465:
5458:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5432:Clean Water Act
5430:
5423:
5416:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5385:
5378:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5299:
5292:
5283:
5276:
5269:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5230:
5223:
5216:
5209:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5151:
5144:Economic policy
5138:
5129:
5122:
5115:
5108:
5101:
5094:
5087:Cannabis policy
5085:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4976:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4942:Domestic policy
4937:
4930:
4925:Operation CHAOS
4923:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4856:
4849:
4844:Tar Baby option
4842:
4833:
4828:Cold War period
4826:
4817:
4808:
4801:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4773:
4760:
4753:
4746:
4737:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4662:Silent majority
4660:
4653:
4642:
4635:
4628:
4615:
4609:
4579:
4562:
4557:
4474:Hunting license
4425:
4394:
4385:
4302:Nationality Act
4230:
4203:Sharp v. Murphy
4123:Hodel v. Irving
4027:Williams v. Lee
3995:Talton v. Mayes
3910:
3901:
3871:
3866:
3814:
3739:
3709:Rehnquist Court
3704:
3661:
3634:
3612:1890—1950
3607:
3578:
3538:
3469:
3460:
3423:
3418:
3388:
3383:
3339:1964 earthquake
3280:Alaska Purchase
3263:
3259:
3254:
3215:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3147:
3102:. (Winter 1976)
3088:Kentch, Gavin.
3073:Case, David S.
3049:
3047:Further reading
2958:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2920:
2918:
2908:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2885:
2874:
2868:
2861:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2834:
2828:
2821:
2811:
2809:
2805:
2794:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2754:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2714:
2708:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2677:
2671:
2667:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2634:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2590:
2588:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2544:
2540:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2513:
2507:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2470:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2377:
2373:Myers, Eric F.
2371:
2367:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2337:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2282:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2163:
2157:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2054:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2020:
2014:
2010:
1995:
1994:
1985:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1918:
1909:
1907:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1871:
1867:
1853:
1851:
1833:
1832:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1795:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1743:
1737:
1733:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1685:
1683:
1672:
1671:
1664:
1650:
1648:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1625:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1568:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1524:
1510:
1508:
1496:
1492:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1462:
1453:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1426:
1420:
1413:
1404:
1402:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1356:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1314:
1310:
1296:
1294:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1264:
1262:
1251:
1250:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1174:
1173:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1139:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1081:
1077:
1067:
1065:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
989:
974:
969:
964:
963:
959:and Lula Young.
953:Walter Soboleff
917:John C. Sackett
906:
902:
897:
865:
813:Russian Mission
781:Wayback Machine
655:
568:
562:
494:
473:
442:(one of the 13
435:
367:
357:
353:
349:
345:
332:& Senators
297:, chair of the
282:William A. Egan
224:President Nixon
212:
188:lower 48 states
160:
147:
127:
83:
78:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5756:
5746:
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5728:1971 in Alaska
5725:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5695:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5678:
5671:
5664:
5663:
5662:
5648:
5638:
5631:
5630:
5629:
5615:
5608:
5601:
5594:
5593:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5563:
5561:
5555:
5554:
5552:
5551:
5544:
5537:
5530:
5523:
5516:
5509:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5486:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5470:
5463:
5456:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5414:
5413:
5412:
5405:
5390:
5388:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5369:
5362:
5355:
5348:
5341:
5334:
5327:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5290:
5289:
5288:
5274:
5267:
5266:
5265:
5258:
5251:
5237:
5236:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5207:
5206:
5205:
5198:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5148:
5146:
5140:
5139:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5083:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4997:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4935:
4928:
4921:
4920:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4891:
4884:
4870:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4847:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4835:Linkage policy
4824:
4823:
4822:
4819:Vietnamization
4815:
4806:
4799:
4785:
4782:Nixon Doctrine
4778:
4770:
4768:
4766:Foreign policy
4762:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4735:
4721:
4714:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4650:
4649:
4633:
4625:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4608:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4585:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4538:
4533:
4531:Trail of Tears
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4476:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4433:
4431:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4400:
4398:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4308:Public Law 280
4305:
4299:
4293:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4263:
4257:
4251:
4245:
4244:(1705 onwards)
4238:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4213:
4199:
4191:
4183:
4175:
4167:
4159:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4095:
4087:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4055:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4023:
4015:
4007:
3999:
3991:
3983:
3979:Elk v. Wilkins
3975:
3967:
3966:(D. Neb. 1879)
3959:
3951:
3943:
3935:
3927:
3918:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3900:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3852:
3851:
3850:
3840:
3839:
3838:
3828:
3822:
3820:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3729:
3721:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3694:
3686:
3678:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3651:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3624:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3597:
3588:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3568:
3559:
3557:
3555:Marshall Court
3548:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3536:
3530:
3524:
3518:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3484:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3447:
3440:
3438:
3429:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3394:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3359:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3282:
3277:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3146:
3145:External links
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3131:
3126:Morgan, Lael.
3124:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3043:
3035:Worl, Rosita.
3033:
3024:
3015:
3005:
2995:
2986:
2977:
2968:
2957:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2928:
2899:
2859:
2819:
2782:
2768:
2739:
2702:
2665:
2643:
2620:
2598:
2585:LitSite Alaska
2572:
2559:978-0061865275
2558:
2538:
2498:
2485:978-0822390831
2484:
2457:
2443:
2423:
2398:
2365:
2352:978-0061865275
2351:
2328:
2315:LitSite Alaska
2299:
2276:
2244:
2220:
2185:
2138:
2116:
2102:
2082:
2068:
2045:
2008:
1983:
1968:
1947:
1916:
1888:
1877:. alaskool.org
1865:
1823:
1809:
1768:
1750:. ED-087-583.
1731:
1697:
1662:
1630:
1623:
1596:
1582:
1557:
1522:
1490:
1476:
1451:
1411:
1381:
1374:
1345:
1331:
1308:
1303:Newspapers.com
1276:
1271:Newspapers.com
1241:
1218:
1207:on 6 July 2011
1192:
1156:
1145:. alaskool.org
1128:
1098:
1075:
1049:
1036:
1010:
971:
970:
968:
965:
962:
961:
929:John Borbridge
909:Willie Hensley
899:
898:
896:
893:
892:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
864:
861:
860:
859:
850:
841:
832:
823:
771:
762:
753:
740:
731:
722:
716:Goldbelt, Inc.
713:
704:
695:
686:
677:
668:
654:
651:
646:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
623:Doyon, Limited
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
564:Main article:
561:
558:
557:
556:
549:
546:
539:
536:
528:
521:
518:
515:
512:
501:
493:
490:
472:
469:
440:Doyon, Limited
434:
431:
366:
363:
211:
208:
184:land ownership
159:
156:
146:
143:
126:
123:
82:
79:
77:
74:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5755:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5702:
5701:
5696:
5693:
5692:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5676:
5672:
5669:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5636:
5632:
5627:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5613:
5609:
5606:
5602:
5599:
5595:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5579:
5576:
5572:
5571:
5569:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5556:
5549:
5545:
5542:
5538:
5535:
5531:
5528:
5524:
5521:
5517:
5514:
5510:
5507:
5503:
5498:
5494:
5493:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5480:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5464:
5461:
5457:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5422:
5421:
5419:
5415:
5410:
5406:
5403:
5399:
5398:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5387:
5384:Environmental
5381:
5374:
5370:
5367:
5363:
5360:
5356:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5335:
5332:
5328:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5307:
5302:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5286:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5268:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5233:
5229:
5226:
5222:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5212:
5208:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5185:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5164:
5161:
5157:
5154:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5121:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5100:
5097:
5093:
5088:
5084:
5081:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5053:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4940:
4933:
4929:
4926:
4922:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4895:SALT I Treaty
4892:
4889:
4885:
4882:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4864:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4841:
4836:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4820:
4816:
4812:
4807:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4772:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4745:
4740:
4739:controversies
4736:
4733:
4732:Supreme Court
4729:
4728:
4726:
4722:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4705:
4701:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4652:
4646:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4613:
4606:
4601:
4599:
4594:
4592:
4587:
4586:
4583:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4554:
4551:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4536:Treaty rights
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4521:Seminole Wars
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4397:
4392:
4388:
4381:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4252:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4239:
4237:
4233:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4214:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4139:Duro v. Reina
4136:
4133:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3886:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3875:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3574:
3573:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3545:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:United States
3472:
3467:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3415:
3410:
3408:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3395:
3392:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3285:Gold Rush era
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3220:
3207:
3203:
3196:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3139:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3042:. (Fall 2001)
3041:
3040:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3006:
3003:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2960:
2959:
2938:
2932:
2917:
2913:
2906:
2904:
2884:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2864:
2844:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2824:
2804:
2800:
2793:
2786:
2771:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2724:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2650:
2646:
2640:
2633:
2632:
2624:
2608:
2602:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2561:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2542:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2503:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2446:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2427:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2354:
2348:
2344:
2343:
2335:
2333:
2316:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2287:
2284:Ruskin, Liz.
2280:
2265:on 2015-06-16
2261:
2254:
2248:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2205:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2126:
2120:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2071:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2050:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1957:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1876:
1869:
1861:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1812:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1753:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1693:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1658:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1626:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1585:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1542:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1518:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1479:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1416:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1385:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1304:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1272:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1246:
1229:
1222:
1206:
1202:
1196:
1181:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1144:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1117:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1086:
1079:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1046:
1040:
1025:
1021:
1014:
998:
994:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
972:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
941:Byron Mallott
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
913:Carl E. Moses
910:
904:
900:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
866:
858:
854:
851:
849:
845:
842:
840:
836:
833:
831:
827:
824:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
801:Lower Kalskag
798:
794:
790:
789:Crooked Creek
786:
782:
778:
775:
772:
770:
766:
765:Klukwan, Inc.
763:
761:
757:
754:
752:
748:
744:
741:
739:
735:
732:
730:
726:
723:
721:
717:
714:
712:
708:
705:
703:
699:
696:
694:
690:
687:
685:
681:
678:
676:
672:
669:
667:
663:
660:
659:
658:
650:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
580:
579:
572:
567:
554:
550:
547:
544:
540:
537:
533:
529:
526:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
506:
502:
499:
496:
495:
489:
485:
481:
477:
468:
466:
462:
456:
453:
449:
445:
441:
430:
426:
422:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:Massachusetts
384:
383:New Hampshire
380:
376:
372:
361:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:Walter Hickel
318:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
283:
275:
271:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
225:
221:
220:Walter Hickel
216:
207:
205:
201:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
170:In 1968, the
164:
155:
152:
151:Walter Hickel
142:
140:
135:
132:
122:
119:
114:
111:
109:
104:
96:
92:
87:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
58:Alaska Native
54:
52:
48:
44:
43:Richard Nixon
41:
37:
33:
19:
5698:
5689:
5641:
5619:Enemies List
5073:War on drugs
4977:
4569:
4478:
4350:Diminishment
4325:
4215:
4207:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3836:in Australia
3805:Rhode Island
3754:
3731:
3723:
3715:
3696:
3688:
3680:
3672:
3666:Burger Court
3653:
3645:
3639:Warren Court
3626:
3618:
3599:
3591:
3570:
3562:
3505:Diminishment
3436:Colonial era
3379:Other topics
3355:Exxon Valdez
3354:
3343:
3327:Project Hula
3317:World War II
3098:
3085:(April 2006)
3081:
3038:
3028:
3019:
3010:
3000:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2956:Bibliography
2941:. Retrieved
2931:
2919:. Retrieved
2915:
2890:. Retrieved
2883:the original
2878:
2850:. Retrieved
2843:the original
2838:
2810:. Retrieved
2803:the original
2798:
2785:
2773:. Retrieved
2758:
2730:. Retrieved
2723:the original
2718:
2705:
2693:. Retrieved
2686:the original
2681:
2668:
2656:. Retrieved
2630:
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2601:
2589:. Retrieved
2584:
2575:
2563:. Retrieved
2548:
2541:
2529:. Retrieved
2522:the original
2517:
2489:. Retrieved
2474:
2448:. Retrieved
2433:
2426:
2414:. Retrieved
2410:
2401:
2389:. Retrieved
2368:
2356:. Retrieved
2341:
2319:. Retrieved
2314:
2290:. Retrieved
2279:
2267:. Retrieved
2260:the original
2247:
2235:. Retrieved
2211:. Retrieved
2176:. Retrieved
2174:(3): 201–208
2171:
2167:
2129:. Retrieved
2119:
2107:. Retrieved
2092:
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2058:
2036:. Retrieved
2029:the original
2024:
2011:
2000:
1971:
1959:. Retrieved
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1933:
1929:
1919:
1908:. Retrieved
1879:. Retrieved
1868:
1858:– via
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5668:Resignation
5188:Nixon shock
4789:Vietnam War
4718:Wilson desk
4614:(1969–1974)
4564:‹ The
4452:Dawes Rolls
4235:Legislation
3584:Taney Court
3529:(1978–2006)
3493:Removal Act
2921:30 November
2879:ANCSA at 35
2839:ANCSA at 35
2799:ANCSA at 35
2719:ANCSA at 35
2682:ANCSA at 35
2518:ANCSA at 35
2269:30 November
2237:30 November
2213:30 November
2178:30 November
2131:30 November
2109:29 November
2025:ANCSA at 35
1961:30 November
1940:30 November
1881:30 November
1816:29 November
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1483:30 November
1444:30 November
1338:29 November
1234:29 November
1211:29 November
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1121:29 November
1091:29 November
1068:27 November
1029:26 November
1003:26 November
949:Howard Rock
937:Eben Hopson
933:Alice Brown
821:Stony River
395:Connecticut
338:Mike Gravel
334:Ted Stevens
330:Nick Begich
324:, Governor
274:Ted Stevens
260:Spiro Agnew
204:Laura Bergt
176:Prudhoe Bay
91:Ted Stevens
5717:Categories
4630:Transition
4526:Survivance
4272:Curtis Act
3790:New Mexico
3760:California
3547:Precedents
3225:Prehistory
2943:1 December
2892:1 December
2852:1 December
2812:1 December
2775:1 December
2769:1566565669
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2613:1 December
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2565:1 December
2531:1 December
2491:1 December
2450:1 December
2444:0295986298
2416:1 December
2391:1 December
2358:1 December
2321:1 December
2292:4 December
2103:0870715364
2075:1 December
2069:0803266324
2038:1 December
1910:2005-09-01
1854:October 5,
1810:0295986298
1761:October 6,
1686:October 3,
1651:October 5,
1583:080612573X
1511:October 4,
1477:080612573X
1405:2005-09-12
1332:0870715364
1297:11 October
1265:11 October
967:References
945:Emil Notti
889:Emil Notti
793:Georgetown
751:Port Lions
693:Holy Cross
535:residence.
403:New Jersey
303:Don Wright
295:Al Ketzler
131:Emil Notti
95:Emil Notti
76:Background
5559:Watergate
4278:Burke Act
4266:Dawes Act
3775:Louisiana
3499:Dawes Act
3357:oil spill
3300:Fairbanks
2407:"History"
1710:NCIO News
817:Sleetmute
809:Red Devil
805:Napaimute
666:Utqiaġvik
129:In 1966,
40:President
5568:Timeline
5001:Title IX
4621:Timeline
4566:template
3915:Case law
3800:Oklahoma
3795:New York
3785:Michigan
3748:By state
3428:Statutes
3367:timeline
3290:Klondike
3014:. (1992)
2649:Archived
2382:Archived
2204:Archived
1904:Archived
1752:Archived
1607:(2006).
1541:Archived
1399:Archived
1319:(2002).
863:See also
848:Ouzinkie
839:Unalaska
777:Archived
711:Hydaburg
419:Virginia
415:Maryland
411:Delaware
399:New York
4874:Détente
4568:below (
4430:Related
4391:Federal
3819:Compare
3810:Vermont
3770:Indiana
1726:2264644
797:Kalskag
769:Klukwan
747:Afognak
738:Chenega
379:Vermont
178:on the
70:US Code
5675:Pardon
5646:(1974)
5386:policy
4382:(2008)
4376:(1990)
4370:(1990)
4364:(1990)
4358:(1988)
4352:(1984)
4346:(1978)
4340:(1978)
4334:(1975)
4328:(1971)
4322:(1968)
4316:(1956)
4310:(1953)
4304:(1940)
4298:(1936)
4292:(1934)
4286:(1924)
4280:(1906)
4274:(1898)
4268:(1887)
4262:(1830)
4256:(1819)
4220:(2022)
4212:(2020)
4198:(2013)
4182:(2005)
4174:(2004)
4166:(2001)
4158:(1997)
4150:(1993)
4142:(1990)
4134:(1989)
4126:(1987)
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4102:(1984)
4094:(1982)
4086:(1978)
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4070:(1976)
4062:(1974)
4054:(1973)
4046:(1968)
4038:(1960)
4030:(1959)
4022:(1955)
4014:(1941)
4006:(1903)
3998:(1896)
3990:(1896)
3982:(1884)
3974:(1883)
3958:(1858)
3950:(1857)
3942:(1832)
3934:(1831)
3926:(1823)
3904:Rights
3765:Hawaii
3755:Alaska
3736:(2005)
3728:(2001)
3720:(1997)
3701:(1986)
3693:(1985)
3685:(1979)
3677:(1974)
3658:(1960)
3650:(1955)
3631:(1941)
3623:(1896)
3604:(1858)
3596:(1857)
3575:(1831)
3567:(1823)
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684:Saxman
675:Bethel
498:Native
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301:; and
192:Valdez
180:Arctic
66:Alaska
51:Alaska
3780:Maine
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895:Notes
857:Sitka
785:Aniak
375:Maine
309:from
36:ANCSA
18:ANCSA
3295:Nome
2945:2014
2923:2014
2894:2014
2854:2014
2814:2014
2777:2014
2764:ISBN
2734:2014
2697:2014
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1942:2014
1883:2014
1856:2022
1818:2014
1805:ISBN
1763:2022
1722:OCLC
1688:2022
1653:2022
1619:ISBN
1591:2014
1578:ISBN
1552:2014
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1446:2014
1370:ISBN
1340:2014
1327:ISBN
1299:2022
1267:2022
1236:2014
1213:2014
1187:2014
1151:2014
1123:2014
1093:2014
1070:2014
1031:2014
1005:2014
819:and
749:and
530:The
452:NASA
417:and
360:....
30:The
5598:CRP
4393:and
4206:and
3906:of
1936:(1)
289:in
226:'s
158:Oil
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