366:
211:
29:
537:
365:
488:, analyzed by the Department of Public Health of that city during a sampling event, contained 4.7 times as much bacteria as what would be allowed according to the standard set by that department. This may have been due to poor sanitation or quality of ingredients or inappropriate handling during the production process.
524:
it would have paid them had they been employed working for the minimum wage they would be legally entitled to. In
January 2021 this enforceable undertaking was allegedly breached in a new claim by the Fair Work Commission which cites a fake student trainee program was a scheme to underpay foreign
392:
Because the company is listed as an "F share", Wu Cheng-hsueh and other major shareholders pay 20% marginal tax rate on the dividends they receive instead of the top marginal tax rate of 40% they would have to pay as shareholders in a
Taiwanese company. In the 2011 fiscal year, for example, such
514:, Australia, 85 °C Bakery Cafe paid four workers (three Taiwanese nationals on Working Holiday Visas and one PRC Chinese exchange student) only 56% of the lawful minimum wage. The Australian Fair Work Ombudsman ordered 85 °C Bakery Cafe to reimburse the workers for a total of
441:
and gave her an "enthusiastic welcome". Chinese customers of branches in mainland China called for a boycott, while the chain's statement "distancing itself from pro-independence sentiments" angered
Taiwanese people, who accused 85 °C of "bowing to Chinese pressure".
261:), is a Taiwanese international chain of retailers selling coffee, tea, and cakes, as well as desserts, smoothies, fruit juices, souvenirs, and bakery products. It has 1000 retail shops worldwide. The chain's parent company (Gourmet Master Co. Ltd) is located in the
496:
In 2008, the "95 Youth Labor Union" investigated 50 stores of 85 °C Bakery Cafe, of which 32 were found to be involved in unlawful practices. Among them, 22 stores were in violation of wage regulations and 29 were employing uninsured workers.
336:
In 2016, 67% of the chain's revenue came from China, while 18% came from Taiwan. In 2013, the average US store generated more than US$ 700,000 in monthly sales, seven times more than an average store in China.
831:
804:
460:
778:
345:
The chain is known for their sea salt coffee, made by sweetening their iced
Americano and adding a sea salt whipped cream on the top. This coffee has been featured on
858:
1605:
455:
In 2017, Shanghai's market supervision department found that the so-called "pork floss bread" sold in
Shanghai at 85 °C was not actually made with pure
370:
385:
laws do not apply. After being established in Taiwan in 2004 and undergoing equity restructuring in
September 2009, the mother company became listed on the
400:
Furthermore, because
Gourmet Master Co. Ltd is registered in and retains profits in the low-tax haven Cayman Islands, in 2010, for example, Taiwan lost
377:
In China, 85 °C Bakery Cafe stores are advertised as being from Taiwan, but the chain's main company (Gourmet Master Co. Ltd) is registered in the
404:
in corporate taxes which tax agencies otherwise would have been able to collect if the pre-tax profit had been fully reported by a company in Taiwan.
1610:
1107:
835:
655:
1166:
933:
1625:
459:, but rather was made of "pork floss powder" and contained both pork and pea powder. The department believed that this behavior violated the
389:
in
November 2010 under the statute of a foreign company of first listing (thus designated as an "F share," with the "F" denoting "Foreign").
1600:
808:
1620:
888:
702:
281:) in July 2004. The name "85°C" refers to Wu's belief that 85 °C (185 °F) is the optimal temperature to serve coffee.
1436:
357:. The concept of this drink supposedly came from the Taiwanese habit of sprinkling salt on fruit to bring out the sweetness.
1615:
1159:
1595:
862:
747:
1175:
1152:
910:
369:
Group structure and statistics of
Gourmet Master Co. Ltd., as of 31 December 2017, with hyperlinks to the
210:
1590:
1471:
555:
1466:
550:
1370:
1247:
992:
1549:
621:
1227:
1043:
416:
937:
1396:
273:
Wu Cheng-hsueh incorporated the company in
January 2003 and opened the first shop in Bao-Ping,
1081:
1062:
408:
386:
43:
1391:
967:
8:
1559:
1329:
1196:
312:. The US central kitchen began operations in September 2013. In March 2017, the chain's
1528:
1456:
309:
252:
147:
1406:
1309:
382:
164:
57:
1564:
317:
234:
1523:
1426:
1355:
485:
346:
889:"'Starbucks of Taiwan' – 85 Degrees C – expands in Southern California (Photos)"
1554:
1242:
1018:
725:
378:
262:
1461:
437:
In August 2018, an LA branch of Taiwanese-owned 85 °C Bakery Cafe served
28:
1584:
1544:
1500:
1319:
1267:
542:
313:
305:
274:
112:
47:
37:
1518:
1513:
1441:
1365:
1345:
1252:
1206:
438:
1232:
1108:"85 °C cafe chain gets $ 42,775 bill for paying workers $ 12 an hour"
595:
1481:
1401:
1304:
1277:
481:
325:
1144:
1569:
1486:
1431:
1360:
968:"The Secrets behind the Shortfall. Big Companies, Low Taxes (企業好大 稅好低)"
456:
321:
278:
16:
International Taiwanese chain selling hot beverages and bakery products
1476:
1375:
1324:
1201:
301:
289:
123:
117:
675:
1446:
1262:
1019:"China, Taiwan and a bakery: How a coffee sparked a diplomatic row"
832:"Preview: Asian bakery giant debuts first U.S. cafe Friday in O.C."
464:
381:. Because this mother company is registered in the Cayman Islands,
297:
284:
In September 2006, the company opened its first overseas store in
1451:
1350:
1272:
1257:
1237:
202:
1496:
859:"Bakery/Cafe Chain Celebrates Its First Solar-Powered Facility"
703:"At 85°C Bakery Cafe: Long Lines and Cheap, Delicious Pastries"
536:
511:
285:
242:
106:
89:
85:
293:
195:
101:
805:"'Starbucks of Taiwan' set to open first U.S. cafe in O.C."
393:
dividends received by Wu Cheng-hsueh amounted to more than
1314:
461:
Consumer Protection Law of the People's Republic of China
354:
350:
183:
1137:
966:
Huang, David; Chen, Yi-Shan; Kao, Uidy (30 May 2013).
371:
International Consortium of Investigative Journalists
532:
432:
397:in tax revenues lost to the Taiwanese government.
993:"Gourmet Master shares skyrocket in bourse debut"
1582:
934:"Some Salt with Your Coffee? Taiwan's Hot Drink"
214:A small cup of ice coffee from 85°C Bakery Café.
911:"Sea Salt Latte: Is 85C The Next Coffee Craze?"
484:reported that a green tea of a retail store in
407:When the company became publicly listed on the
1160:
720:
718:
716:
661:(Report). Gourmet Master Co. Ltd. 股票代號：2723.
1606:Food and drink companies established in 2004
965:
856:
1073:
961:
959:
957:
955:
580:曾, 麗芳 (24 January 2017). "85度C 拚全球總店數破千家".
575:
573:
571:
304:was opened in 2012, the first store in the
1167:
1153:
779:"Seventh Annual Hong Kong Investor Summit"
713:
649:
647:
645:
643:
1174:
861:. Solar Industry Magazine. Archived from
360:
1611:Offshore companies of the Cayman Islands
952:
568:
364:
209:
882:
880:
784:. Gourmet Master Co, Ltd. 21 March 2017
640:
1583:
1437:CraftWorks Restaurants & Breweries
622:"85 Degrees Bakery & Cafe, Sydney"
475:
1148:
1105:
700:
450:
1626:Retail companies established in 2004
1183:Coffeehouse/teahouse/beverage chains
1099:
908:
877:
829:
802:
773:
771:
769:
931:
886:
292:. A year later, the first store in
13:
1112:悉尼先驅晨報 (The Sydney Morning Herald)
748:"Taiwan's coffee chain challenger"
653:
14:
1637:
1129:
1079:
1060:
830:Luna, Nancy (25 September 2008).
803:Luna, Nancy (15 September 2008).
766:
740:
579:
505:
445:
1601:Coffeehouses and cafés in Taiwan
1082:"885度C再爆亂扣薪。現金短少逼員工分攤 律師批：根本是詐財"
1044:""肉松粉"冒充肉松,85度C被罚15万!这种面包很多人都吃过"
932:Tso, Natalie (15 January 2009).
701:Knapp, Gwendolyn (5 July 2017).
535:
433:Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen
427:
422:
27:
1621:Restaurants established in 2004
1054:
1036:
1011:
985:
925:
902:
850:
823:
796:
491:
480:On 24 July 2015, the newspaper
373:(ICIJ) Offshore Leaks Database.
340:
257:
152:
1106:Hatch, Patrick (7 July 2015).
887:Lee, Wendy (29 January 2013).
857:Joseph Bebon (28 March 2017).
694:
668:
654:李, 翰霖; 傅, 柏翔 (30 April 2018).
614:
588:
510:From 2009 to October 2014, in
247:
1:
909:Amos, Deborah (8 June 2010).
561:
656:Annual Report 2017（2017公司年報）
500:
7:
1616:Restaurant chains in Taiwan
834:OC Register. Archived from
807:OC Register. Archived from
556:List of companies of Taiwan
528:
167:23,018,413,000元 (2017)
69:; 20 years ago
10:
1642:
972:天下雜誌 CommonWealth Magazine
602:. Perfect 85 Degrees C Inc
551:List of coffeehouse chains
331:
268:
1537:
1495:
1419:
1384:
1338:
1297:
1290:
1215:
1189:
1182:
470:
411:in November 2010, it had
238:
171:
160:
140:
130:
95:
81:
63:
53:
35:
26:
1550:California Pizza Kitchen
1472:Ruth's Chris Steak House
728:. Gourmet Master Co, Ltd
682:. Gourmet Master Co. Ltd
180:China, Taiwan, Hong Kong
1467:Romano's Macaroni Grill
1596:Coffeehouses and cafés
1080:陳, 嘉恩 (20 June 2008).
1061:甘, 嘉雯 (24 July 2015).
936:. Time. Archived from
463:and imposed a fine of
374:
361:Gourmet Master Co. Ltd
219:85 °C Bakery Cafe
215:
22:Gourmet Master Co. Ltd
1392:J&G Fried Chicken
1176:Food chains in Taiwan
409:Taiwan Stock Exchange
387:Taiwan Stock Exchange
368:
300:. The first store in
258:Poeh-cha̍p-gō͘--tō͘ C
227:85 °C Daily Cafe
213:
203:www.85cbakerycafe.com
726:"Achievement 85度C成就"
328:facility worldwide.
146:Wu Cheng-hsueh (吳政學(
1197:Cold Stone Creamery
940:on 16 February 2009
628:. Urbanspoon/Zomato
476:Hygiene malpractice
316:central kitchen in
221:, also brand-named
97:Number of locations
23:
1591:Bakeries of Taiwan
1529:Wu Pao Chun Bakery
1457:Outback Steakhouse
999:. 23 November 2010
451:Use of ingredients
375:
216:
21:
1578:
1577:
1415:
1414:
1407:TKK Fried Chicken
1286:
1285:
1063:"85度C、大苑子 大腸桿菌超標"
811:on 5 January 2009
324:became its first
208:
207:
58:Food and Beverage
1633:
1565:Planet Hollywood
1560:Lee's Sandwiches
1509:85°C Bakery Cafe
1295:
1294:
1223:85°C Bakery Cafe
1187:
1186:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1138:Official website
1123:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1050:. 14 March 2018.
1048:news.sina.com.cn
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
989:
983:
982:
980:
978:
963:
950:
949:
947:
945:
929:
923:
922:
920:
918:
906:
900:
899:
897:
895:
884:
875:
874:
872:
870:
854:
848:
847:
845:
843:
827:
821:
820:
818:
816:
800:
794:
793:
791:
789:
783:
775:
764:
763:
761:
759:
754:. 30 August 2011
744:
738:
737:
735:
733:
722:
711:
710:
698:
692:
691:
689:
687:
680:85度C。咖啡。蛋糕。烘焙專賣店
672:
666:
665:
660:
651:
638:
637:
635:
633:
618:
612:
611:
609:
607:
592:
586:
585:
577:
545:
540:
539:
523:
522:
518:
414:
403:
396:
259:
249:
240:
154:
77:
75:
70:
31:
24:
20:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1533:
1524:Sunmerry Bakery
1491:
1427:Bafang Dumpling
1411:
1380:
1356:Marugame Seimen
1334:
1282:
1211:
1178:
1173:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1116:
1114:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1078:
1074:
1059:
1055:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1027:
1025:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1000:
991:
990:
986:
976:
974:
964:
953:
943:
941:
930:
926:
916:
914:
907:
903:
893:
891:
885:
878:
868:
866:
865:on 3 April 2017
855:
851:
841:
839:
828:
824:
814:
812:
801:
797:
787:
785:
781:
777:
776:
767:
757:
755:
752:Financial Times
746:
745:
741:
731:
729:
724:
723:
714:
699:
695:
685:
683:
674:
673:
669:
658:
652:
641:
631:
629:
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619:
615:
605:
603:
594:
593:
589:
578:
569:
564:
541:
534:
531:
520:
516:
515:
508:
503:
494:
486:Taoyuan, Taiwan
478:
473:
453:
448:
435:
430:
425:
412:
402:NT$ 167 million
401:
394:
363:
343:
334:
271:
201:
197:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
153:Ngô͘ Chèng-ha̍k
143:
133:
121:
116:
110:
105:
98:
73:
71:
68:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1639:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1555:Hard Rock Cafe
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1505:
1503:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
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1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1310:Domino's Pizza
1307:
1301:
1299:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:Chun Shui Tang
1240:
1235:
1230:
1228:Barista Coffee
1225:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1157:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1131:
1130:External links
1128:
1125:
1124:
1098:
1072:
1053:
1035:
1010:
984:
951:
924:
901:
876:
849:
838:on 8 July 2012
822:
795:
765:
739:
712:
693:
667:
639:
613:
587:
566:
565:
563:
560:
559:
558:
553:
547:
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530:
527:
507:
504:
502:
499:
493:
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477:
474:
472:
469:
452:
449:
447:
446:Mainland China
444:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
415:shares in its
395:NT$ 10 million
379:Cayman Islands
362:
359:
342:
339:
333:
330:
296:was opened in
270:
267:
263:Cayman Islands
206:
205:
184:www.85cafe.com
173:
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158:
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144:
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99:
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15:
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1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1545:Boston Market
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:Former chains
1536:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1501:confectionery
1498:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
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1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
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1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:Casual dining
1418:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1377:
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1367:
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1328:
1326:
1323:
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1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1268:Louisa Coffee
1266:
1264:
1261:
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1234:
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1214:
1208:
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1203:
1200:
1198:
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1192:
1188:
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1177:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1139:
1134:
1133:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1049:
1045:
1039:
1024:
1020:
1014:
998:
994:
988:
973:
969:
962:
960:
958:
956:
939:
935:
928:
912:
905:
890:
883:
881:
864:
860:
853:
837:
833:
826:
810:
806:
799:
780:
774:
772:
770:
753:
749:
743:
727:
721:
719:
717:
708:
707:Houston Press
704:
697:
681:
677:
671:
664:
657:
650:
648:
646:
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627:
623:
617:
601:
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591:
583:
576:
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557:
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543:Coffee portal
538:
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428:United States
423:Controversies
420:
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388:
384:
380:
372:
367:
358:
356:
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348:
347:TIME Magazine
338:
329:
327:
326:solar-powered
323:
319:
315:
314:United States
311:
307:
306:United States
303:
299:
295:
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287:
282:
280:
276:
275:Taipei County
266:
264:
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236:
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212:
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199:United States
196:
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139:
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113:United States
108:
103:
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94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
49:
45:
42:
39:
34:
30:
25:
19:
1519:Mister Donut
1514:Krispy Kreme
1508:
1442:Din Tai Fung
1366:Pepper Lunch
1346:Ajisen Ramen
1253:Dante Coffee
1222:
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1111:
1101:
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1085:
1075:
1066:
1056:
1047:
1038:
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1022:
1013:
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997:Taipei Times
996:
987:
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971:
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938:the original
927:
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863:the original
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625:
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599:
590:
581:
509:
506:Underpayment
495:
492:Underpayment
479:
454:
439:Tsai Ing-wen
436:
413:3.85 million
406:
399:
391:
376:
344:
341:Specialities
335:
308:in 2008, in
283:
272:
256:
248:Bāshíwǔ Dù C
246:
231:85 Degrees C
230:
226:
222:
218:
217:
198:
191:
187:
179:
175:
151:
111:
82:Headquarters
18:
1497:Baked goods
1482:TGI Fridays
1402:Laya Burger
1305:Burger King
1278:Ten Ren Tea
1067:China Times
894:20 February
842:11 February
815:11 February
596:"Locations"
482:China Times
132:Area served
109:: 400 shops
104:: 538 shops
1585:Categories
1487:Tim Ho Wan
1361:MOS Burger
1339:From Japan
1320:McDonald's
944:9 February
917:8 November
663:2018-06-13
562:References
457:pork floss
322:California
279:New Taipei
253:Pe̍h-ōe-jī
148:Pe̍h-ōe-jī
142:Key people
120:: 12 shops
115:: 59 shops
1477:Saizeriya
1376:Yoshinoya
1325:Pizza Hut
1291:Fast food
1233:Cama Café
1207:Swensen's
1202:Starbucks
1028:17 August
1003:31 August
758:31 August
525:workers.
501:Australia
467:150,000.
302:Hong Kong
290:Australia
192:Australia
136:Worldwide
126:: 8 shops
124:Hong Kong
118:Australia
38:Traded as
1447:Haidilao
1298:From USA
1263:Gong Cha
1190:From USA
529:See also
465:Renminbi
298:Shanghai
188:English:
176:Chinese:
54:Industry
1570:Wendy's
1462:Phở Hòa
1452:Hooters
1432:Chili's
1351:Ichiran
1273:Quickly
1258:EasyWay
1238:Chatime
1117:15 June
1091:15 June
977:15 June
869:2 April
788:2 April
732:2 April
686:13 June
632:13 June
606:13 June
584:. 台中報導.
332:Revenue
269:History
235:Chinese
223:85 Cafe
172:Website
161:Revenue
72: (
64:Founded
1371:Sukiya
1330:Subway
676:"商品專區"
626:Zomato
512:Sydney
471:Taiwan
383:R.O.C.
353:, and
310:Irvine
286:Sydney
255::
245::
243:pinyin
237::
150::
107:Taiwan
90:Taiwan
86:Taipei
1385:Local
1216:Local
913:. NPR
782:(PDF)
659:(PDF)
294:China
277:(now
229:, or
102:China
1248:CoCo
1119:2018
1093:2018
1086:蘋果日報
1030:2018
1005:2011
979:2018
946:2009
919:2009
896:2012
871:2017
844:2009
817:2009
790:2017
760:2011
734:2017
688:2018
634:2018
608:2018
582:工商時報
318:Brea
239:85度C
165:NT$
74:2004
67:2004
48:2723
44:TWSE
1397:KLG
1315:KFC
1023:BBC
600:85C
521:775
517:A$
417:IPO
355:NPR
351:CNN
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