29:
1650:
1640:
136:
is a highly virulent, epidemic-prone disease, associated with a high case-fatality ratio of 24-90%. In the early phase of the disease, it is hard to distinguish the disease from other diseases. There are no specific treatments or vaccine against the
Marburg virus, though supportive care increases the
637:
Amman, Brian R.; Bird, Brian H.; Bakarr, Ibrahim A.; Bangura, James; Schuh, Amy J.; Johnny, Jonathan; Sealy, Tara K.; Conteh, Immah; Koroma, Alusine H.; Foday, Ibrahim; Amara, Emmanuel; Bangura, Abdulai A.; Gbakima, Aiah A.; Tremeau-Bravard, Alexandre; Belaganahalli, Manjunatha (December 2020).
222:
The patient had limited social interactions and lived in a household of four people. There was no evidence of a travel history outside Guinea for the patient or his close contacts or of contact with returning travelers. He was a farmer living in close contact with nature and wildlife and may
706:
Makenov, Marat T.; Boumbaly, Sanaba; Tolno, Faya
Raphael; Sacko, Noumouny; N'Fatoma, Leno Tamba; Mansare, Oumar; Kolie, Bonaventure; Stukolova, Olga A.; Morozkin, Evgeny S.; Kholodilov, Ivan S.; Zhurenkova, Olga B.; Fyodorova, Marina V.; Akimkin, Vasily G.; Popova, Anna Yu; Conde, Namoudou
191:
Guinea health authorities conducted contact tracing and monitored 170 known high-risk contacts of the index case. No new cases were detected for twice the length of the incubation period of the virus, in this case 42 day, so the outbreak was declared over around six weeks after it started.
513:
Koundouno, Fara R.; Kafetzopoulou, Liana E.; Faye, Martin; Renevey, Annick; Soropogui, Barrè; Ifono, Kékoura; Nelson, Emily V.; Kamano, Aly A.; Tolno, Charles; Annibaldis, Giuditta; Millimono, Saa L.; Camara, Jacob; Kourouma, Karifa; Doré, Ahmadou; Millimouno, Tamba E. (2022-06-30).
266:
with infected animals was found in close proximity (4.5 km) to the
Temessadou M'bokét village. Marburg virus isolated from these animals belonged to the Angola-like lineage as well as the isolate obtained from the index-case patient.
227:-infected bats. Community surveys showed that although he may have harvested wild fruits for personal consumption, there was no suggestion that he had visited caves or been involved in hunting activities for bushmeat, including bats.
381:
Towner, Jonathan S.; Pourrut, Xavier; Albariño, César G.; Nkogue, Chimène Nze; Bird, Brian H.; Grard, Gilda; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul; Nichol, Stuart T.; Leroy, Eric M. (2007-08-22). Stevenson, Philip (ed.).
359:
842:
246:
revealed that at least two genetic variants of
Marburg virus circulate in bats in Sierra Leone: Angola-like Marburg virus and Marburg virus, which are genetically similar to variants from
455:
215:. The team conducted bat trapping in the immediate vicinity of the village of Temessadou M'bokét, as well as in the vicinity of neighboring villages (Baladou Pebal and
922:
917:
613:
1382:
299:
937:
847:
351:
211:
specialists arrived in
Temessadou M'bokét in August–September 2021 for an epidemiological investigation of the case and searched for the Marburg virus
328:
1387:
449:
Aborode, Abdullahi Tunde; Wireko, Andrew Awuah; Bel-Nono, Katerina Namaal; Quarshie, Louisa Sowah; Allison, Mariam; Bello, Munira Aminu (2021).
1620:
1603:
1372:
1587:
1570:
1377:
1362:
837:
897:
1709:
927:
1326:
892:
1694:
1684:
784:
125:
started in July 2021, and ended in
September. A single individual got sick and died of the virus, with no other known cases.
605:
580:
1689:
1653:
1230:
882:
832:
1699:
137:
likelihood of survival. 14 outbreaks of the disease have been reported since 1967, when it was first detected, mostly in
1643:
1367:
852:
1301:
1704:
255:
287:
1679:
867:
827:
862:
709:"Marburg virus in Egyptian Rousettus bats in Guinea: Investigation of Marburg virus outbreak origin in 2021"
887:
148:
bats. Among humans, it is transmitted via direct contact with the bodily fluids of an infected individual.
1161:
872:
857:
324:
822:
1151:
173:
777:
208:
165:
161:
118:
1001:
1674:
814:
1173:
184:
of an isolate from the
Guinean patient showed that this outbreak was caused by the Angola-like
1480:
961:
942:
168:(PCR) test was conducted, returning a positive result for the Marburg virus on August 5. The
133:
114:
1649:
223:
therefore have had repeated exposure to an environment or food contaminated with excreta of
1404:
770:
651:
395:
8:
1321:
1047:
932:
1007:
743:
708:
655:
399:
28:
1193:
1133:
680:
639:
548:
515:
479:
450:
426:
383:
263:
231:
138:
1517:
1213:
1188:
902:
748:
730:
685:
667:
640:"Isolation of Angola-like Marburg virus from Egyptian rousette bats from West Africa"
553:
535:
484:
451:"Marburg virus amidst COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea: Fighting within the looming cases"
431:
413:
212:
145:
52:
352:"Marburg in Guinea: the value of lessons from managing other haemorrhagic outbreaks"
1273:
1015:
987:
967:
877:
738:
720:
675:
659:
543:
527:
474:
464:
421:
403:
196:
164:, got his first symptoms on July 25. The patient died on August 2. On August 3, a
1253:
1245:
1208:
1203:
725:
572:
408:
1263:
1218:
1178:
907:
663:
199:, among others, praised Guinea's rapid and effective response to the outbreak.
1668:
1410:
1198:
1156:
1128:
1105:
1042:
734:
671:
539:
417:
243:
224:
185:
180:
provided reconfirmation that the result was positive for the
Marburg virus.
1554:
1538:
1522:
1460:
1346:
1239:
1183:
975:
752:
689:
557:
488:
435:
239:
1433:
1331:
1095:
1052:
1037:
993:
794:
531:
1500:
1415:
1282:
1166:
1110:
1077:
804:
181:
157:
1087:
469:
1485:
1443:
1438:
1291:
1067:
1062:
1057:
512:
259:
216:
177:
242:. This was the first detection of Marburg virus in West Africa.
1082:
247:
122:
762:
172:
was informed of the first case the next day. On August 9, the
1100:
1072:
573:"Marburg virus: Man who died in Guinea found to have disease"
448:
251:
230:
Previously, in 2017–2018, Marburg virus was detected in the
456:
380:
384:"Marburg Virus Infection Detected in a Common African Bat"
350:
Paweska, Janusz; Groome, Michelle J. (12 September 2021).
705:
295:
169:
160:, a 46-year-old farmer from Temessadou M'Boké village in
1383:
2023 Marburg virus disease outbreak in
Equatorial Guinea
636:
1666:
1388:2023 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Tanzania
288:"Guinea declares end of Marburg virus outbreak"
516:"Detection of Marburg Virus Disease in Guinea"
1373:2021 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Guinea
778:
349:
327:. World Health Organization. 10 August 2021.
262:in Guinea was confirmed in 2022: a colony of
1378:2022 Marburg virus disease outbreak in Ghana
1363:1967 Marburg virus outbreak in West Germany
833:2013−2016 West African Ebola virus epidemic
343:
785:
771:
27:
22:2021 Guinea Marburg virus disease outbreak
742:
724:
679:
547:
478:
468:
425:
407:
144:The disease's usual reservoir species is
914:Recent DR Congo outbreaks and epidemics
1306:(2019 miniseries based on Preston book)
258:. The presence of Marburg virus in the
1667:
1612:
1579:
1547:
1509:
1327:Ebola virus disease treatment research
766:
701:
699:
570:
319:
317:
282:
280:
1639:
632:
630:
600:
598:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
498:
13:
1368:2017 Uganda Marburg virus outbreak
853:United Nations Ebola Response Fund
696:
571:Nunis, Vivienne (10 August 2021).
564:
314:
277:
256:Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
34:Colorized Marburg virus particles
14:
1721:
627:
595:
583:from the original on 20 July 2022
495:
331:from the original on 12 July 2022
302:from the original on 19 July 2022
1648:
1638:
713:PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
606:"Marburg virus disease - Guinea"
325:"Malburg virus disease - Guinea"
202:
71:25 July 2021 - 16 September 2021
1710:September 2021 events in Africa
792:
616:from the original on 2022-11-28
520:New England Journal of Medicine
362:from the original on 2 May 2022
442:
374:
1:
270:
128:
1695:Hemorrhagic fevers outbreaks
1685:August 2021 events in Africa
726:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011279
409:10.1371/journal.pone.0000764
7:
1690:Disease outbreaks in Guinea
1162:Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
858:Operation United Assistance
151:
10:
1726:
1700:July 2021 events in Africa
664:10.1038/s41467-020-14327-8
16:Disease outbreak in Guinea
1634:
1601:
1568:
1536:
1498:
1473:
1452:
1426:
1396:
1355:
1344:
1314:
1229:
1144:
1121:
1030:
953:
843:Reported cases and deaths
813:
802:
166:Polymerase Chain Reaction
103:
95:
85:
75:
67:
59:
48:
40:
26:
21:
1705:Marburg virus outbreaks
264:Egyptian rousettus bats
1680:2021 disease outbreaks
232:Egyptian rousette bats
195:WHO's Africa director
174:Institut Pasteur Dakar
1621:Huangjiao thamnovirus
1481:Marburg virus disease
1002:Taï Forest ebolavirus
962:Bundibugyo ebolavirus
644:Nature Communications
298:. 17 September 2021.
244:Phylogenetic analysis
238:) in the neighboring
236:Rousettus aegyptiacus
134:Marburg virus disease
115:Marburg virus disease
1405:Marburg marburgvirus
532:10.1056/NEJMc2120183
162:Guéckédou prefecture
1322:Ebola virus disease
828:1976 Zaire outbreak
823:1976 Sudan outbreak
656:2020NatCo..11..510A
400:2007PLoSO...2..764T
1194:Thomas Eric Duncan
139:sub-Saharan Africa
1662:
1661:
1630:
1629:
1597:
1596:
1588:Xilang striavirus
1564:
1563:
1532:
1531:
1518:Lloviu cuevavirus
1494:
1493:
1340:
1339:
1189:Pauline Cafferkey
1152:Ebola researchers
1092:
976:Reston ebolavirus
903:Ouse to Ouse Tock
526:(26): 2528–2530.
146:Egyptian Rousette
111:
110:
53:Egyptian Rousette
1717:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1610:
1609:
1577:
1576:
1545:
1544:
1507:
1506:
1466:
1353:
1352:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1279:
1274:Executive Orders
1269:
1259:
1249:
1090:
1016:Zaire ebolavirus
988:Sudan ebolavirus
811:
810:
787:
780:
773:
764:
763:
757:
756:
746:
728:
703:
694:
693:
683:
634:
625:
624:
622:
621:
602:
593:
592:
590:
588:
568:
562:
561:
551:
510:
493:
492:
482:
472:
470:10.1002/hpm.3332
446:
440:
439:
429:
411:
378:
372:
371:
369:
367:
356:The Conversation
347:
341:
340:
338:
336:
321:
312:
311:
309:
307:
284:
197:Matshidiso Moeti
113:The outbreak of
78:
31:
19:
18:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1626:
1593:
1560:
1528:
1490:
1469:
1464:
1453:Popular culture
1448:
1427:Drug candidates
1422:
1392:
1336:
1310:
1305:
1295:
1285:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1246:Richard Preston
1243:
1231:Popular culture
1225:
1209:Matthew Lukwiya
1204:Sheik Umar Khan
1140:
1117:
1031:Drug candidates
1026:
949:
943:2021 North Kivu
883:in Sierra Leone
798:
791:
761:
760:
719:(4): e0011279.
704:
697:
635:
628:
619:
617:
604:
603:
596:
586:
584:
569:
565:
511:
496:
447:
443:
379:
375:
365:
363:
348:
344:
334:
332:
323:
322:
315:
305:
303:
286:
285:
278:
273:
205:
154:
131:
88:
77:Confirmed cases
76:
36:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1723:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1675:2021 in Guinea
1660:
1659:
1657:
1656:
1646:
1635:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1616:
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1607:
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1583:
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1527:
1526:
1513:
1511:
1504:
1496:
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1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1298:
1288:
1280:
1270:
1264:Ebola Syndrome
1260:
1250:
1244:(1995 book by
1235:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1222:
1221:
1219:Patrick Sawyer
1216:
1214:Mayinga N'Seka
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1179:Ameyo Adadevoh
1174:Ebola patients
1171:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1148:
1146:
1145:Notable people
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1012:
1011:
1010:
998:
997:
996:
984:
983:
982:
972:
971:
970:
957:
955:
951:
950:
948:
947:
946:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
912:
911:
910:
908:Womey massacre
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
830:
825:
819:
817:
808:
800:
799:
790:
789:
782:
775:
767:
759:
758:
707:(2023-04-26).
695:
626:
594:
563:
494:
463:(1): 553–555.
441:
373:
342:
313:
275:
274:
272:
269:
204:
201:
153:
150:
130:
127:
109:
108:
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100:
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79:
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61:
57:
56:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1722:
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1701:
1698:
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1608:
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1589:
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1578:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
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1552:
1550:
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1535:
1524:
1520:
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1515:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:Miscellaneous
1472:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
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1401:
1399:
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1389:
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1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1315:Miscellaneous
1313:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1199:Salome Karwah
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1157:William Close
1155:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1143:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1043:Brincidofovir
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
989:
985:
980:
979:
978:
977:
973:
969:
966:
965:
964:
963:
959:
958:
956:
952:
944:
941:
939:
938:2020 Équateur
936:
934:
933:Kivu epidemic
931:
929:
928:2018 Équateur
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
913:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
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871:
869:
866:
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861:
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851:
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846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
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834:
831:
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826:
824:
821:
820:
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812:
809:
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806:
801:
797:
796:
788:
783:
781:
776:
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769:
768:
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736:
732:
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718:
714:
710:
702:
700:
691:
687:
682:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
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649:
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633:
631:
615:
611:
607:
601:
599:
582:
578:
574:
567:
559:
555:
550:
545:
541:
537:
533:
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525:
521:
517:
509:
507:
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503:
501:
499:
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486:
481:
476:
471:
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462:
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428:
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389:
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361:
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261:
257:
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233:
228:
226:
220:
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214:
210:
203:Investigation
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1347:Marburgvirus
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1278:(1996 novel)
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104:Vaccinations
1654:Wikispecies
1604:Thamnovirus
1539:Dianlovirus
1465:(1995 book)
1332:Ebola River
1296:(2016 film)
1286:(2014 meme)
1268:(1996 film)
1258:(1995 film)
1096:Triazavirin
1053:Favipiravir
795:Filoviridae
610:www.who.int
394:(8): e764.
1669:Categories
1571:Striavirus
1501:Cuevavirus
1283:Ebola-chan
1167:Peter Piot
1134:rVSV-ZEBOV
1111:cAd3-ZEBOV
1078:Lamivudine
878:in Nigeria
868:in Liberia
805:Ebolavirus
650:(1): 510.
620:2022-11-29
587:3 December
366:3 December
271:References
260:fruit bats
254:, and the
207:A team of
182:Sequencing
158:index case
129:Background
121:district,
1356:Outbreaks
1088:TKM-Ebola
898:in the UK
893:in the US
863:in Guinea
848:Responses
815:Outbreaks
735:1935-2735
672:2041-1723
540:0028-4793
418:1932-6203
335:10 August
213:reservoir
119:Gueckedou
1254:Outbreak
1129:Vaccines
1106:Vaccines
1091:(failed)
888:in Spain
838:Timeline
753:37099617
744:10166547
690:31980636
614:Archived
581:Archived
577:BBC News
558:35767445
489:34525245
436:17712412
388:PLOS ONE
360:Archived
329:Archived
300:Archived
152:Outbreak
60:Location
1644:Commons
1613:Species
1580:Species
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1510:Species
1486:Marburg
1444:FGI-106
1439:FGI-103
1434:BCX4430
1397:Species
1292:93 Days
1068:FGI-106
1063:FGI-104
1058:FGI-103
1038:BCX4430
954:Species
873:in Mali
681:6981187
652:Bibcode
549:7613962
480:8653112
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178:Senegal
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123:Guinea
99:24-90%
87:Deaths
63:Guinea
49:Source
1122:Drugs
1101:ZMapp
1073:JK-05
1048:DZNep
981:RESTV
252:Gabon
1523:LLOV
1416:RAVV
1411:MARV
1021:EBOV
1008:TAFV
994:SUDV
968:BDBV
923:2017
918:2014
749:PMID
731:ISSN
686:PMID
668:ISSN
589:2021
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536:ISSN
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432:PMID
414:ISSN
368:2021
337:2021
308:2021
225:MARV
156:The
68:Date
55:bats
739:PMC
721:doi
676:PMC
660:doi
544:PMC
528:doi
524:386
475:PMC
465:doi
422:PMC
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296:CNN
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