2019 Venezuelan uprising attempt

1391:− President Mauricio Macri called on the military to carry on with "Operation Freedom" and said that the time for Venezuelans has come. He added that the suffering of the Venezuelan people will soon "come to an end and called Venezuelans to be fearless". Argentine Foreign Ministry expressed that the "spirit of freedom that animates Venezuelans at this hour have the support of the Argentine people in recognition of Interim President Juan Guaidó, in order to restore again democracy in the brother Republic of Venezuela". Argentina issued a joint statement with the Lima Group sharing support for Guaidó and calling for Maduro's exit. Argentine President Mauricio Macri addressed the nation and rejected the accusation of coup but expressed that his wishes that military be "triunfant against dictator Maduro". 682:, the Supreme Court, of which Moreno is the highest official, "was to recognize the opposition-controlled National Assembly, the last democratically elected body in Venezuela, as the legitimate representative of the Venezuelan people. The armed forces would then have legal grounds to abandon Mr. Maduro. The defense minister, Vladimir Padrino López, and others who were negotiating with the opposition, would join the new government." When Leopoldo López and Guaidó called for an uprising a day early, support was withdrawn for unclear reasons; Forero writes, "It isn't known whether they because counterintelligence agents had discovered the plot or because key actors on the government side never had any intention of pulling their support for Mr. Maduro." 1185: 86: 79: 50: 769: 701:("widely recognized internationally as Venezuela's only democratic institution"), call for elections, and make provisions for political prisoners. With the Supreme Court issuing this ruling, the armed forces would have a legal basis to "force Maduro to step down without a single bullet being fired", in a "sequenced chain of official statements" that was not meant to be a coup. According to the sources, Moreno suggested that he be the person to replace Maduro, and inquired about security for himself and his family. Manuel Cristopher Figuera, the Director General of Venezuela's 1130: 61: 337: 295: 1238: 1397: 870: 322: 310: 1926:– In a joint statement, the group supports "the constitutional and popular process undertaken by the Venezuelan people, under the leadership of the President in Charge, Juan Guaidó, to recover democracy in Venezuela; and they reject that this process is qualified as a coup d'état", demand that the military "show their loyalty" to Guaidó and called for Maduro "to cease the usurpation, so that the democratic transition, the constitutional normalization and the economic and social reconstruction of Venezuela can begin." 1438: 1457: 985:

to back the constitution, ... I think the variables are obvious at this point". Guaidó would further state that protests and calls for defections would continue, saying that the opposition has "been doing this for 20 years" and that "etting frustrated and tired is part of it, but Venezuelans have demonstrated that they always take the fight again when they have to". CNN reported that the "uprising faltered, having apparently failed to gain the support of senior members of the Venezuelan military".

1653: 68: 1773: 1733: 376: 364: 352: 1511: 1256:, most Maduro supporters "appeared to be retirees or public sector workers" and many were "brought in from across the country by public buses". According to the BBC, "For years, state employees have been told that if they did not turn up at government rallies, they would lose their jobs." The protests supporting Maduro were mainly working-class Venezuelans. During a speech, Guaidó called for continued protests in the coming days and the possibility of a 1795: 1561: 1383: 132: 1617: 1575: 1223:

Russian Foreign Ministry stating that, "Washington tried its best to demoralize the Venezuelan army and now use fakes as a part of information war". On 1 May, Pompeo stated "Military action is possible. If that's what's required, that's what the United States will do". CNN reported that the Trump administration is seeking ways to give Guaidó control of more Venezuelan assets in the U.S., to help get funding and humanitarian aid to the country.

1493: 1696: 1682: 1525: 1881: 1539: 1837: 1271:"said it believed that security forces fired shotgun pellets at demonstrators and journalists". Guaidó acknowledged he had received insufficient military backing, but added that "Maduro did not have the support nor the respect of the Armed Forces", and called for strikes beginning on 2 May, with the aim of a general strike later in the month. Russia and the U.S. each charged the other with interference in another country's affairs. 1863: 1589: 1823: 1475: 1714: 1755: 1603: 1419: 1809: 1635: 500:. Maduro expelled 54 members from the military and the head of intelligence who publicly backed Guaidó. Guaidó's efforts to persuade senior military officials to join his movement failed, with Guaidó stating that going forward, protests would be held every day until Maduro stepped down from power. Guaidó called for his supporters and the country's armed forces to take to the streets again the following day. 732:

had close ties with Hugo Chávez daughters and senior Maduro officials. Omaña and Christopher Figuera started a series of negotiations, parallel to Gorrín's plan to convince Moreno. Moreno had demanded ten million dollars, to secure his position in the Supreme Court, and a safety net for himself. The plotters carried code names, Christopher Figuera was "Black Panther", Omaña was "Superman" and

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article stated that the Venezuelan parliament, elected to a majority in the 2015 elections, has been "systematically blocked" and dismembered by "political persecution" of 60% of its elected members. There was no preliminary merit hearing as required by law; an additional three deputies were indicted

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As Guaidó loyalists learned that high-ranking officials close to Maduro refused to turn, confusion began to spread. Rebels under command of lieutenant colonel Sánchez began to seek refuge as the plan failed. Troops then removed their uniforms while traveling throughout Caracas on motorcycle, knocking

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spoke on state-run television saying that Guaidó and his supporters would face "consequences". A National Guardsman loyal to Maduro was injured by a gunshot to the neck at 11:08 am. By 11:12 am, protesters near La Carlota begin to largely disperse and injured begin to appear in clinics minutes later.

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In the days after the event, Guaidó would concede that the opposition's plan had not worked and that they had mistaken their support from the military and high-level officials, stating "Maybe because we still need more soldiers, maybe we need more officials of the regime to be willing to support it,

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by 54 countries, including the United States and most nations of Latin America and Europe. Internationally, support has followed usual geopolitical lines: Russia, China, Iran, Syria, Turkey, and Cuba support Maduro, while the United States, Canada, and most of Europe and Latin America support Guaidó

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was caught off guard by Guaidó's decision to launch the "final phase" a day earlier than expected. US President Donald Trump has expressed frustration that "some aides are more openly teasing military intervention", according to CNN, and expressed skepticism about the reliability of US intelligence

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While he was under house arrest, Leopoldo López reportedly held meetings with military and high-level officials close to Maduro, allegedly promising them that they would maintain some positions in a transitional government and would not face criminal prosecution if they assisted with the removal of

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On the other hand, Leopoldo López stated that his liberation was only the first step from a phase that was ongoing and had no turning back. Some members of Venezuela's opposition have held López responsible for the failure of the uprising, saying that his unexpected act of appearing in front of the

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of Panama, who granted 16 troops loyal to Guaidó permission to stay at Panama's embassy in Caracas. The group would stay in the embassy for the next seven months until they were released during a "military operation" performed by friendly troops in December 2019, which resulted in the group fleeing

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Minor clashes occurred throughout the day following the dispersal of the march. News that the National Guard blocked the march from progressing and that López's family had sought refuge in the Embassy of Chile resulted with protests dissipating. By the evening hours, only small groups of protesters

744:), according to the interview. Opposition officials said that the plan was moved from 1 May to 30 April because Guaidó might be arrested, Christopher Figuera denies it. Christopher Figuera claims that he was the one who accelerated the timetable to avoid a large scale attack of paramilitary forces ( 731:

that Gorrín was the one that approached US authorities with the plan in order to have the sanctions on him lifted. César Omaña, another Venezuelan businessman living in Miami, was the one that contacted Cristopher Figuera to recruit him, according to the interview. Omaña has not been sanctioned and

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in Caracas. Guaidó titled the initiative "Operation Freedom", and stated: "People of Venezuela, it is necessary that we go out together to the street, to support the democratic forces and to recover our freedom. Organized and together, mobilize the main military units. People of Caracas, all to La

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On the evening of 30 April, Maduro addressed the nation from Miraflores Palace, accompanied by high-level officials of his government and the armed forces. Maduro stated that an attempted "coup d'etat" occurred and congratulated supporters who "led the defeat of the small group that tried to fill

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On 21 January 2019, a small-scale attempted military mutiny occurred in the Cotiza neighborhood, Caracas, where 27 military officials kidnapped security and stole weapons, trying to march on Miraflores, who fought against and were apprehended by authorities in the early hours. People in the local

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On April 30, in view of suspicions that Leopoldo López would be transferred back to prison (he was under house arrest) and that Juan Guaidó would be arrested and taken to Fuerte Tiuna to a maximum-security prison, Guaidó and his group had to make a strategic move. ... This operation was also the

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Judge Marisela Godoy walked out of a Venezuela Supreme Court (TSJ) hearing on 1 May that was to rule on the events of 30 April without the justices having access to the content of the ruling; Godoy said this had become a customary process in the TSJ, and she encouraged her colleagues to protest.

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If it walks like a coup and quacks like a coup, then it sure looks a coup – backed by the Trump administration. ... Juan Guaido, flanked by his political mentor Leopoldo Lopez and a handful of soldiers who had broken ranks, issued a message to Venezuela and the world: The time to topple Nicolas

1533:– Foreign Minister of Ecuador José Valencia stated "The Government of Ecuador renews its strong support to President Juan Guaidó in the difficult times that Venezuela is going through. We wish for a peaceful transition without bloodshed. We will support all international efforts in that regard". 1222:

stated that Russia stopped plans underway for Maduro to exit Venezuela; Pompeo said Maduro had a plane waiting on the tarmac to take him to Cuba, but Russia convinced him to stay. Maduro, Russia and some members of the opposition denied that Maduro had attempted to flee from Venezuela, with the

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Maduro expelled from the military 54 members, in addition to Cristopher Figuera, who backed Guaidó, among them, "five lieutenant coronels, four majors, four captains, six first lieutenants and 35 sergeants"; 25 military personnel sought asylum in the Brazilian embassy in Caracas. According to

689:, based on extensive interviews with three unnamed sources, who indicated that "the plotters were counting on Moreno to provide a vital lever to sway the military to their cause: a legal ruling that would have effectively acknowledged Guaidó as interim president and led to new elections". 1328:

In a May poll by Datanálisis, 39% of respondents said that the events of 30 April were beneficial for Guaidó, about 29% said that the events strengthened Maduro, and the rest were undecided. Half of respondents viewed Guaidó's actions as legitimate. One in three considered the event a

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the opposition has applied different non-electoral strategies to achieve the same. These include violent street protests (guarimbas), the pursuit of international sanctions, the self-proclamation of Juan Guaidó as interim president in January 2019, and an attempted coup in late April

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and Chacao Municipal Police confronted the colectivos with a gunfight ensuing. The following day, the police officers that confronted the colectivos were ordered to hand over their service weapons and informed that an investigation by a police oversight body against them was opened.

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tweeted that "The safety and security of and must be guaranteed. Venezuelans who peacefully support Interim President Guaido must do so without fear of intimidation or violence." On 8 May, Freeland demanded Cuba to stop supporting Maduro and help to solve the crisis in a peaceful

6261:"We ask the international community to unite for a call for peace and search for agreements in Venezuela, based on respect for the principles of international law and sovereignty, and to promote initiatives that provide a peaceful exit from the situation of the sister nation" 1320:—left house arrest on 17 May. Guaidó said that security forces loyal to him released Simonovis. Guaidó claims that the order was sent on 30 April and that Simonovis was pardoned and freed as part of Operation Freedom. One month later, Simonovis arrived in the United States. 1849:

condemned the actions of Guaidó, tweeting "Those who are in an effort to appoint a postmodern colonial governor to Venezuela, where the President was appointed by elections and where the people rule, should know that only democratic elections can determine how a country is

1817:– Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs called on the opposition to renounce violence. The media statement read "It is important to avoid unrest and bloodshed. The problems facing Venezuela should be resolved through a responsible negotiation process without preconditions.” 940:

Following a speech at noon, Guaidó turned his group of protesters, along with armed National Guardsmen loyal to Guaidó, towards western Caracas where numerous government facilities and the Miraflores presidential palace is located. The march in support of Guaidó halted in

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wrote that Bolton "said important officials in the Maduro administration have been in communication with the opposition and had committed to achieving the transfer of power from Mr. Maduro to Mr. Guaidó", despite Moreno and Padrino both speaking out in support of Maduro.

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stated "We reject this coup movement that tries to fill the country with violence. The traitors that have placed themselves at the head of this subversive movement have employed troops and police with weapons of war in a public street in the city to create anguish and

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called for the "definitive cessation of the usurpation"; Almagro tweeted: "We welcome the adhesion of the military to the Constitution and to the President in charge of Venezuela. We need the fullest support for the democratic transition process in a peaceful

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was arrested on 8 May, signaling a crackdown. With these seven deputies charged with "treason, conspiracy, instigation of insurrection, civil rebellion, criminal conspiracy, usurpation of functions, and public instigation to the disobedience of the laws", an

795:, gathered his troops, stating "When I gathered my troops ... and told them we were going to liberate Venezuela they broke down in tears". Sánchez was the commander of 500 troops throughout Caracas who were tasked with protecting government buildings such as 5630: 3119: 1431:

tweeted that Brazil is following the situation in Venezuela very closely, that it reaffirms its support for the "democratic transition," and that "Brazil is on the side of the Venezuelan people, of president Juan Guaidó and of the freedom of

1152:, Maikel Moreno and Vladimir Padrino López continued supporting Maduro in order to maintain their power and status. After the uprising attempt, he was dismissed by Maduro and his whereabouts were unknown. Maduro announced he would reinstate 1749:(FMLN) rejected the "coup attempt" against the legitimate government of the Venezuela. President Sanchez Ceren called on all parties for a dialogue while calling for the international community to find a peaceful exit on the ongoing crisis. 5720: 1049:

members for their actions. The National Assembly dismissed the sentence, holding that the members of the Tribunal are illegitimate and that their ruling violates the parliamentary immunity of the deputies. National Assembly vice president

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Guaidó with having pursued showy but ultimately ineffectual demonstrations of opposition, such as a thwarted humanitarian relief effort in February 2019 as well as a failed and hapless coup attempt against the Maduro regime in late April

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result of opposition approaches made to General Padrino López, in hopes of staging a coup d état. ... However, as a result of this failed coup d'etat, many members of the military and their families have been accused of conspiracy

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ran over protesters, captured on video "accelerating directly into a group of antigovernment protesters". By the end of 30 April, over 100 had been injured; the majority were hit by rubber bullets, and two had gunshot wounds.

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As of 2 May, there were 230 wounded in the protests, and 205 arrests. Four people had been killed—all were shot. The TSJ issued an arrest warrant for López on 2 May, who exited the gates of the Spanish Embassy, with his wife

4182: 709:, Leopoldo López was to be sent back to prison, and the "government was preparing to take unspecified action against Guaidó and other senior opposition leaders". The opposition decided to act on 30 April instead of 1 May. 981:

Venezuela with violence". Maduro, discussing the day's events, stated "We have been facing various forms of coup d'etat, due to the obsessive efforts of the Venezuelan right, the Colombian oligarchy and the US empire".

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was involved in the plot for his close connection to Moreno, Padrino López and counter-intelligence chief Iván Hernández. After the events of 30 April, Christopher Figuera fled to the US and declared in an interview with

6238:"The Government of El Salvador urges all parties, so that, using peaceful means, they can find a way to dialogue and agreement, thus avoiding the increase in tensions and violence that only affect the Venezuelan people" 2423: 4444: 3716: 3690:

Forero, Juan (4 May 2019). "Venezuela's Opposition Came Close to Ousting the President—but the Plan Fell Apart; Regime insiders in talks with opposition are said to have lost confidence in the bid to remove Maduro".

4385: 678:" that was not to be accomplished via a military coup, "but rather through a court ruling that would permit the military to step away from Mr. Maduro and put the country on a path back to democracy". According to 6282: 3305:

President Nicolás Maduro was inaugurated for a second term after an election last year that was widely considered illegitimate — and despite a plummeting economy and skyrocketing violence, hunger and migration.

1023:. The Maduro government stated that five National Guardsmen and police officers were injured. A physician in a Caracas clinic stated that they had enough medical supplies for emergency care, partly because of 1360:

would write, "Foreign outlets, dutifully supporting Trump administration calls for regime change, reported that a widespread uprising was underway, even though Juan Guaidó’s coup attempt had little support".

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After three months of a very sharp presidential crisis, ... and with the culmination in the failed coup of April 2019, there is a stalemate, which by the time of writing this paper has already lasted a full

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considered the event as one of the greatest failures of Guaidó's movement. According to the newspaper, officials in the United States and the Venezuelan opposition have referred to the event as "Venezuela's

5638: 1647:, stated "We hope with all of our strength that there is no bloodshed. We support a peaceful democratic process in Venezuela" and that Guaidó holds "legitimacy to lead democratic transition in Venezuela". 5868: 664:, and the head of Maduro's Presidential Guard, Iván Hernández Dala had been talking with the opposition over the last three months about a peaceful transition, and had agreed that Maduro needed to go. 3127: 748:) that was prepared for the 1st May. According to Christopher Figuera, Padrino López was against moving forward the date. Maduro, Moreno and Padrino López have denied publicly their role in the plot. 4346: 3223: 5728: 4947: 581:(OAS) approved a resolution in a special session of its Permanent Council declaring Maduro's presidency illegitimate and urging new elections. Special meetings of the OAS on 24 January and in the 1469:

stated "I call on the Venezuelan army to listen to the citizens of the country and to support the peaceful democratic transition by the President and leader of the National Assembly Juan Guaidó".

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By 2 May, four people were killed in the ensuing clashes between opposition protesters and militants on one side, and pro-government protesters and the Venezuelan armed forces on the other. Some

3549: 1803:– Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement in which it condemned "the coup attempt against the Constitution and the legitimate leadership elected in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela." 616:

Guaidó announced on 16 March 2019 that he would embark on a tour of the country to organize committees for what he called "Operation Freedom" with the goal to claim the presidential residence,

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Foreign outlets, dutifully supporting Trump administration calls for regime change, reported that a widespread uprising was underway, even though Juan Guaidó's coup attempt had little support.

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state, he said, "We will be in each state of Venezuela and for each state we have visited the responsibility will be yours, the leaders, the united, organize ourselves in freedom commands."

1960: 846: 485:, denounced the Maduro government and was dismissed from his position before going into hiding. At least 25 military men who opposed Maduro sought asylum at the Brazilian embassy in Caracas. 2322: 2169:

says "A pro-government rally on Wednesday next to Miraflores, the presidential palace, drew about 500 people, far fewer than the multiple rallies of thousands of people supporting Guaidó."

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colectivo, stated at 8:30 am that "it was time to defend the revolution with weapons", calling for support of Maduro. At approximately 8:39 am, heavy gunfire erupted as pro-Maduro armed

6057:"I call on Venezuelan army to listen to the will of the citizens and to support peaceful democratic transition led by provisional President and leader of the National Assembly @jguaido" 6436: 1690:– Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus condemned an "unconstitutional attempt of seizure of power" and stated that Venezuelan problems must be solved in a peaceful and lawful manner. 674:

that meetings between key opposition figures and Maduro government officials had taken place in Panama, the Dominican Republic and Colombia for two months, "trying to cut a deal for a

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On 11 May, Guaidó organized another march in Caracas, with a turnout of around a thousand Venezuelans. During the rally, Guaidó asked his ambassador appointed to the United States,

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publicly criticized Maduro and corruption in his government, yet recognized him as president and a "good man" ("un hombre bueno"). Cristopher Figuera stated that Diosdado Cabello,

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members had their immunity lifted and were indicted afterwards; several of those indicted, while others went into hiding. Additionally, the National Assembly vice-president

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shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. Maduro, along with some academics and media outlets, described the actions of Guaidó and his allies as an attempted

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stated "We are happy that the people of Venezuela defeated the coup. We continue to believe in the need for discussions among the people, as the Government has suggested".

1413:. We condemn reports of violence and urge restraint. We support Juan Guaidó as interim President in accordance with Venezuela’s constitution and until elections are held." 4091: 550: 6029: 803:. Dozens of troops would later report that they were "tricked" by an officer to participate in Guaidó's effort. Shortly after, Sánchez's troops freed opposition leader 5687: 3343: 4899: 2350: 1933: 8266: 7431: 4854: 2576: 2483: 2395: 6693: 989:

media during the event was an unhelpful performance to construct a positive public image and that it disrupted detailed plans, scaring away possible defectors.

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was barricaded, and forces loyal to Maduro took up positions in the surrounding area. Military forces loyal to Guaidó outfitted their uniforms with blue cloth.

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Thousands to tens of thousands of supporters showed up for demonstrations on 1 May for Guaidó. A smaller number attended Maduro's rival protest. According to

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stated "Today, 30 April, marks a historic moment for the return to democracy and freedom in Venezuela, which the European Parliament has always supported".

1205: 1105: 4978: 4955: 3580: 3318:"El Tribunal Supremo de Justicia de Venezuela declara "inconstitucional" a la Asamblea Nacional y anula el nombramiento de Juan Guaidó como su presidente" 2091: 4782: 4554: 2378:

Nicolás Maduro destituyó a Manuel Ricardo Cristopher Figuera, director del Servicio Bolivariano de Inteligencia, que denunció la corrupción del régimen.

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emerged from the Ministry of Transportation building, firing upon the demonstration. A woman was wounded by the gunfire. Minutes later, officers of the

807:— Guaidó's mentor and Venezuela's "most prominent opposition activist", according to the Associated Press — who had been under house arrest since 2014. 5893: 5480: 3557: 2937: 888:

At 6:44 am, tear gas fired from troops within La Carlota Air Force Base dispersed some forces loyal to Guaidó near the facility. Vice President of the

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said the National Assembly's declaration was unconstitutional. Minutes after Maduro took the oath as president of Venezuela on 10 January 2019, the

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stated "We call the military and the people of Venezuela to be on the right side of history, rejecting the dictatorship and usurpation of Maduro".

1172:, experts in the United States believe that "there is still a long way to go" for Guaidó to find support among the armed forces, stating that the 8694: 6732: 4267: 2493:

the declaration of the National Assembly's president Juan Guaidó as interim president, and a coup-attempt on April 30, 2019, has (so-far) failed.

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Marsteintredet, Leiv (January–June 2020). "With the cards stacked against you: Challenges to a negotiated transition to democracy in Venezuela".

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Guaidó's call for the largest march in history did not materialize and his supporters were forced to retreat by security forces using tear gas.

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released a statement by 6:30 am that the Maduro government was beginning to disperse forces loyal to Guaidó. At the same time, access to

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says it saw the draft ruling which was to be issued on 29 April by the Supreme Court; the ruling would withdraw recognition of the pro-Maduro

8679: 7194: 7030: 6793: 6643: 6585: 3246: 2962: 2668: 811: 6192:"Our government rejects and views with concern the attempted coup against the legitimate Government of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela" 3877: 3605: 2742:"A timeline of the political crisis in Venezuela, which began with claims of election rigging and has now led to an attempted military coup" 7395: 2689: 2499:

Mora, José U; de Hurtado, Sadcidi Zerpa; Hurtado, Alberto J. (2021). "Understanding the Venezuelan Crisis: Origins and Current Situation".

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ceased operations at 9:15 am citing security reasons. Forces loyal to Maduro dispersed protesters from the gates of La Carlota at 9:43 am.

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A second day of protests occurred, in support of both Maduro and Guaidó, with the two leaders drawing in large numbers of Venezuelans.

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reported having attended 69 injured. One 25-year-old man died when he was shot in the chest during a protest in the interior state of

878: 7369: 6979: 6737: 6107: 5503: 5000: 1789:) expressed its support for Nicolás Maduro and denounced an "attempted coup d'état" which it considers "a dangerous act of violence". 1782: 650: 8481: 4576: 4445:"Los sangrientos colectivos chavistas, vanguardia de la represión lanzada por el régimen venezolano contra el levantamiento militar" 3457: 997:

Demonstrators protested "across the nation" on 30 April, with violence in more than five states, and demonstrations in every state.

8735: 7259: 7148: 7072: 7025: 6984: 6941: 6898: 6342: 4386:"Venezuela, últimas noticias en directo: Leopoldo López, Lilian Tintori y sus hijos se refugian en la Embajada de Chile en Caracas" 3386: 7164: 5869:"Mauricio Macri respaldó la "Operación Libertad" en Venezuela: "Que el sufrimiento y el miedo de los venezolanos llegue a su fin"" 2636:

Venezuelan military personnel who had participated in the coup attempt had since sought asylum in the Brazilian Embassy in Caracas

1466: 562: 9227: 9217: 9192: 8723: 8547: 8103: 6757: 6615: 1644: 1042: 586: 574: 178: 5255: 3153: 8935: 8745: 8108: 7322: 7057: 6951: 6808: 5848:"Juan Guaidó promised to save Venezuela. Now the flame he lit is petering out, and his U.S. backers are weighing their options" 5526: 4501: 639:, and called for "the greatest march" in history on 1 May, to "once and for all end this tragedy". Coinciding with his speech, 628: 4714:"Venezuela's Maduro denies Pompeo's claim that he sought to escape to Cuba after day of clashes that left 1 dead, dozens hurt" 9232: 9212: 8642: 8542: 8496: 7441: 7110: 7005: 6862: 6836: 6673: 2734:

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro sought to rally the military on Thursday in the wake of an unsuccessful coup against him.

558: 538: 8251: 6309:"وزارة الخارجية والمغتربين // تدين المحاولة الانقلابية ضد الدستور والقيادة الشرعية المنتخبة في جمهورية فنزويلا البوليفارية" 5697: 4925: 4422: 4055: 3050: 834:

and their daughter would later enter the Chilean embassy in Caracas, and move again to the Spanish embassy for protection.

8918: 5816: 5380: 2715: 9147: 8940: 8764: 8579: 8361: 8063: 7047: 6872: 6283:"The dictatorship of North Korea expressed its support for Nicolás Maduro and denounced an "attempted coup" in Venezuela" 889: 822:

of himself beside López, with the two flanked by members of the Venezuelan armed forces from the Altamira Overpass, near

705:(SEBIN), supplied information, according to this account, at 1 am on 30 April that he was to be replaced as head of 4124: 2617: 1487:

stated "I want to reiterate the solid and unbreakable support to the democratic president Juan Guaidó and to democracy".

8854: 8431: 8209: 8113: 7042: 6841: 6813: 6678: 5286:[Judge Marisela Godoy leaves the courtroom of the TSJ for unknown sentence] (in Spanish). El Pitazo. 1 May 2019 5026: 3362:"UN political chief calls for dialogue to ease tensions in Venezuela; Security Council divided over path to end crisis" 3082:"Máximo tribunal de Venezuela acusa a siete diputados opositores y asamblea oficialista levanta su inmunidad - Reuters" 694: 174: 6605: 6308: 2031:. Edgar Zambrano order of prosecution was announced some days before the other six. Initially, the TSJ list included 8564: 6956: 6578: 3001: 2780: 1193: 8446: 5153: 9222: 8864: 8559: 8281: 7456: 7405: 6762: 1872: 1216: 7426: 6513: 5930: 5436: 3024: 2449: 9016: 8950: 8925: 8706: 8161: 8120: 8045: 6718: 5176: 1929: 1002: 702: 582: 578: 482: 235: 200: 164: 7545: 4756: 2284: 9202: 8908: 8669: 8501: 8426: 8400: 8391: 8386: 8341: 8083: 7297: 7143: 6777: 6620: 6610: 5131: 4759:[Latest news from Venezuela, live: Chile confirms that Leopoldo López is in their Embassy in Caracas]. 1551:

supported "the Venezuelan people's call for freedom", who are "fighting against the undemocratic leadership of

1298: 520: 454: 30: 7853: 7712: 6003: 1669:, tweeted "The U.S. Government fully supports the Venezuelan people in their quest for freedom and democracy." 9104: 8974: 8824: 8689: 8436: 8315: 8226: 8189: 7100: 5751: 5224: 5102: 4685: 3186: 1070: 1046: 698: 632: 541:

was invalid; that the office of the President of Venezuela was therefore vacant; and declared its president,

530: 504: 192: 186: 8511: 937:

driven by Maduro loyalists begin to attack protesters, with some protesters being run over by the vehicles.

85: 9207: 9031: 8774: 8674: 8584: 6571: 6134:"Заявление МИД Беларуси в связи с событиями в Венесуэле - Министерство иностранных дел Республики Беларусь" 4577:"Funcionarios de PoliMiranda y Policía de Chacao se enfrentan con paramilitares de Maduro (Fotos y Videos)" 3346:[The OAS approved the resolution that declared the new government of Nicolás Maduro illegitimate]. 1831:– The Syrian Foreign Ministry "strongly condemns the failed coup d'état against constitutional legitimacy." 1184: 1005:, stated that the government was prepared to use weapons if necessary to deactivate the "attempted coup". 675: 7214: 4757:"Últimas noticias de Venezuela, en vivo: Chile confirma que Leopoldo López está en su Embajada en Caracas" 4423:"[Minuto a minuto] Crisis en Venezuela tras llamado de Guaidó a militares a alzarse contra Maduro" 2852: 2251: 8800: 8711: 8174: 7828: 7687: 7575: 7184: 7125: 7015: 6713: 6683: 5177:"Trump threatens Cuba with 'full and complete' embargo, 'highest-level sanctions,' citing Venezuela role" 3909: 2643: 2126: 2020: 1742: 1153: 1124: 1066: 800: 473:). Reuters reported an "uneasy peace" by the afternoon of 30 April. During the unrest, opposition leader 8093: 7570: 7535: 4900:"Clashes erupt in Venezuela after opposition leader calls for uprising to topple Maduro -- live updates" 2917:[Venezuela: Maduro expels 55 military implicated in uprising] (in Spanish). VOA News. 8 May 2019 9197: 9187: 8930: 8381: 7550: 7400: 7292: 7020: 6698: 5459:"Venezuela: Juan Guaidó asegura que "Maduro no tiene el respaldo ni el respeto de las fuerzas armadas"" 4807:[National Guard of Venezuela tank runs over civilians] (in Spanish). CNN Español. 30 April 2019 3299:

Bullock, Penn (10 January 2019). "Climate Change, U.S. Shutdown, Michael Cohen: Your Friday Briefing".

3089: 1786: 1283: 1200:

Bolton stated that Cuba and Russia had likely helped prop Maduro up during the day, and U.S. President

1009: 78: 7888: 6437:"José "Pepe" Mujica defendió la represión en Venezuela: "No hay que ponerse delante de las tanquetas"" 5660: 9182: 9114: 9036: 8991: 8769: 8659: 8625: 8421: 8406: 8334: 8261: 8125: 7988: 7777: 7463: 7204: 7169: 6742: 6364: 1910:– The member states of ALBA rejected "attempts to violate the constitutional order in the Venezuela." 1611:– in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. 1597:– in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. 1583:– in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. 1569:– in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. 1519:– in a Lima Group joint statement, the nation shared support for Guaidó and called for Maduro's exit. 1137: 815: 792: 613:

area continued the fight, protesting and burning things in the street even as tear gas was deployed.

606: 566: 478: 408: 380: 230: 167: 151: 7707: 7555: 5346:"After uprising falls short, Venezuela's opposition tries to regain momentum against the government" 9011: 9006: 8898: 8630: 8416: 7923: 7823: 7580: 7451: 7436: 7410: 7312: 7254: 7067: 7052: 6893: 5692: 1950: 1232: 7983: 7672: 7234: 7229: 967:

on the doors of foreign embassies asking for protection. López was then able to contact President

9079: 8615: 7963: 7652: 7307: 6905: 6663: 4347:"Las cintas azules: El distintivo de los militares venezolanos a favor del cese de la usurpación" 1666: 1502: 1317: 49: 7863: 6857: 2060: 2014: 1846: 1087: 768: 9109: 9041: 9021: 9001: 8960: 8945: 8701: 8664: 8525: 8130: 7928: 7519: 7249: 6974: 6747: 5981: 4242:"El régimen chavista sacó del aire a las cadenas CNN y BBC, y a la radio independiente RCR 750" 2130: 1871:– The Foreign Relations Department reiterated their goal of "finding a common path." President 1410: 1333:. 49% judged the release of Leopoldo López as positive, while about 16% judged it as negative. 733: 526: 182: 7239: 7115: 2351:"Leopoldo López y su familia ingresaron como huéspedes a la residencia del embajador de Chile" 905: 736:, the U.S. National Security Council's director for Latin American policy, was "Child eater" ( 9094: 9074: 8603: 8506: 8286: 8145: 7978: 7747: 7010: 6702: 6653: 5483:[Repression in Venezuela leaves four dead in two days of protests]. NTN24. 2 May 2019 5458: 4783:"Vladimir Padrino, ministro de Defensa venezolano: 'Si hay que usar las armas, las usaremos'" 3409:"Maduro afirma que el petróleo es el principal motivo de la presión de EEUU contra Venezuela" 3317: 2032: 2003: 1484: 1286:; Guaidó acknowledged that he had "overestimated military support". During an interview with 1267:

fired on protestors with live ammunition, and one protester was shot in the head and killed.

1264: 1110: 946: 915: 745: 240: 8903: 7000: 6688: 5437:"As Guaido admits he needs more military support, Trump warns of worse to come in Venezuela" 3213: 3025:"As Guaido admits he needs more military support, Trump warns of worse to come in Venezuela" 1626: 1188:

US National Security Adviser John Bolton speaks to press outside the White House on 30 April

755:

left Venezuela in October 2020, he reaffirmed Maikel Moreno's involvement in the operation.

9140: 9056: 8955: 8886: 8840: 8784: 8779: 8755: 8716: 8647: 8620: 8554: 8537: 8369: 8291: 8219: 8068: 8058: 7677: 7540: 7224: 7120: 6946: 6495: 6392: 6264: 6241: 6218: 6195: 6167: 6056: 2589:

Martìnez Castillo, Alberto David (2021). "Populismo en América Latina: el eterno retorno".

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were widely disputed. The National Assembly declared Maduro illegitimate on the day of his

8308: 7843: 7697: 6414: 3814:"Maduro's ex-spy chief lands in U.S. armed with allegations against Venezuelan government" 3552:[Guaidó announces the creation of freedom committees to soon 'go to Miraflores']. 3520: 3274: 2599:

on April 30 of that year he controlled the coup attempt by a group from the National Guard

2574:

Peters, Stefan (2019). "Sociedades rentistas: Claves para entender la crisis venezolana".

1723: 1129: 8: 9064: 9026: 8996: 8849: 8684: 8652: 8637: 8491: 8214: 7385: 7364: 7302: 6648: 6594: 6465:""No hay que ponerse delante de las tanquetas": Pepe Mujica sobre represión en Venezuela" 6133: 5852: 5307:"Venezuela: US doing everything short of 'the ultimate', says Trump as protests continue" 4948:"TSJ corrige y excluye a un ciudadano de la lista de procesados por traición a la patria" 4666: 4187: 4092:""Operation Liberty": Overview Of The "Definitive Phase" In Venezuela's Political Crisis" 2673: 1913: 1893:

said that one "should not place oneself in front of the tanks", referring to the armored

1338: 1015: 942: 858: 60: 35: 6260: 6237: 6191: 5752:"Un icónico preso político venezolano es liberado de su arresto domiciliario en Caracas" 5408: 4826: 4738: 2830: 2215: 2085: 1260:. The National Guard dispersed many pro-Guaidó demonstrations at their starting points. 899:

Guaidó left the area near La Carlota around 8:00 am, leading a march heading west.

589: 9156: 9099: 9089: 9069: 9046: 8986: 8574: 8569: 8271: 8013: 7958: 7752: 7727: 7642: 7612: 7390: 7348: 7199: 7189: 7062: 6767: 6518: 6214: 5935: 4477: 3344:"La OEA aprobó la resolución que declara ilegítimo al nuevo gobierno de Nicolás Maduro" 2857: 2762: 2622: 2558: 2454: 1800: 1290:, he stated that he would consider a U.S. military intervention should the time arise. 1268: 968: 929: 823: 788: 776: 7998: 7973: 7732: 7682: 7637: 7498: 5785: 3945: 1141: 326: 9119: 7943: 7933: 7868: 7627: 6491: 5759: 5314: 5154:"Trump urges caution as Bolton and Pompeo tease a military intervention in Venezuela" 4261: 3919: 3550:"Guaidó anuncia la creación de comités por la libertad para pronto 'ir a Miraflores'" 3467: 2970: 2862: 2562: 2024: 1544: 1447: 1237: 1149: 921:

Pro-Guaidó protesters attempted to enter the main gate of La Carlota at 9:10 am. The

882: 841:

reported that multiple social media and news websites were censored by the state-run

796: 784: 617: 609:". Guaidó denies the coup allegations, saying peaceful volunteers back his movement. 7908: 7607: 7138: 6311:(in Arabic). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Palestine. 30 April 2019. Archived from 3383:"Canciller Arreaza advierte que objetivo de plan golpista es el petróleo venezolano" 3051:"'We will be in the streets': Venezuela awaits more protests after a day of turmoil" 2396:"Tras escapar de Maduro, exjefe del Sebin revela quienes se niegan a dejar el poder" 1552: 1351: 1309: 869: 804: 772: 752: 597: 534: 493: 474: 462: 368: 300: 222: 157: 9161: 8441: 7622: 7617: 7090: 5284:"Magistrada Marisela Godoy abandona la sala plena del TSJ por desconocer sentencia" 5106: 4183:"How a plot filled with intrigue and betrayal failed to oust Venezuela's president" 3949: 3497: 2813: 2746: 2548: 2122: 2054: 1955: 1548: 1173: 1169: 1097: 1074: 1038:; security forces have refused to give information to their relatives and lawyers. 998: 893: 737: 723: 657: 627:

In an open assembly celebrating the anniversary of the 19 April 1810 date when the

546: 466: 314: 8018: 7878: 6030:"Canadá interviene en la crisis en Venezuela y exige a Cuba que abandone a Maduro" 3215:"Diseases surge in Venezuela under health system in 'utter collapse', report says" 2285:"Venezuelan rights group says 4 dead in clashes amid opposition call for uprising" 2076: 1176:

described the defection of National Guardsmen as "significant, but insufficient".

7948: 7918: 7913: 7903: 7560: 7503: 7490: 7287: 7209: 6936: 6926: 6752: 4319:"Casa Militar cierra acceso a las inmediaciones del Palacio de Miraflores #30Abr" 2068: 2064: 1975: 849:

that have occurred in other important political conflicts in 2019. The signal of

819: 8461: 7873: 7787: 6082:"Georgian PM expresses support for interim gov't of Venezuela amid recent clash" 5824: 5604:"Solo unos 1.000 manifestantes acudieron a la convocatoria de Guaidó en Caracas" 5481:"Represión en Venezuela dejó al menos cuatro fallecidos en dos días de protesta" 5053:"Venezuelan lawmakers seek refuge in embassies after crackdown on Guaido allies" 4686:"Leopoldo López desafía a Maduro y anuncia "más movimientos del sector militar"" 2669:"Maduro vows retaliation for coup attempt as he denies attempts to flee to Cuba" 1965: 9084: 8829: 8476: 8451: 8199: 7968: 7953: 7938: 7898: 7797: 7667: 7662: 6798: 6772: 6542:"La OEA apoya la adhesión del Ejército de Venezuela a Guaidó y la Constitución" 5381:"Rival protests grip Venezuela after Guaidó's failed effort to beckon military" 3767: 3361: 2938:"U.S. Directs Blame At Cuba For Guaidó's Failed Military Uprising In Venezuela" 2720: 2424:"Unos 25 militares venezolanos piden asilo en la embajada de Brasil en Caracas" 2110: 2102: 2028: 1917: 1462: 1428: 1294: 1276: 1257: 1051: 850: 831: 653: 636: 508: 356: 196: 7818: 7762: 5960:"El Gobierno apoyó la "expectativa de liberación" contra el régimen de Maduro" 5661:"Venezuela's Guaido seeks U.S. Pentagon cooperation to solve political crisis" 5579:"Guaidó says opposition overestimated military support before failed uprising" 4897: 3583:[Guaidó calls 'the biggest march in history' for May 1] (in Spanish). 1890: 1313: 1104:) sought refuge at Italy's embassy, according to three sources close to him. 570: 542: 458: 342: 261: 100: 9176: 8809: 8456: 8396: 8256: 8184: 8140: 7792: 7772: 7767: 7742: 7565: 6831: 6658: 5817:"Solo 29% de la población cree que Maduro salió fortalecido después del #30A" 5763: 5318: 4979:"AN desconoció decisión del TSJ y atentado contra la inmunidad parlamentaria" 4473:"Disparos en base aérea La Carlota donde Juan Guaidó liberó a Leopoldo López" 4060: 3923: 3471: 2974: 2866: 1970: 1875:

expressed in a conference that he "believes in nonintervention and dialogue."

1658: 1093: 950: 922: 661: 602: 7657: 4555:"Mujer fue herida por ráfagas de disparos desde el Min Transporte en Chacao" 2191:"Venezuela's Guaido calls for uprising but military loyal to Maduro for now" 1409:

stated "Australia continues to call for a peaceful and speedy transition to

1316:

government of the violence that took place in Caracas during the April 2002

8814: 8231: 8179: 8003: 7838: 7647: 7343: 7244: 7130: 6803: 6312: 5894:"Comunidad Internacional apoya mayoritariamente el alzamiento en Venezuela" 4125:"Venezuela crisis live updates: Guaidó calls for uprising as clashes erupt" 3971:"Bloqueada la autopista Francisco Fajardo a la altura de La Carlota #30Abr" 3717:"Inside the secret plot to turn senior Venezuelan officials against Maduro" 3581:"Guaidó convoca a 'la marcha más grande de la historia' para el 1° de mayo" 3462: 2777:"May Day street clashes in Paris fuelled by widening anti-Macron coalition" 2323:"Venezuela's Guaido calls on troops to join him in uprising against Maduro" 2045: 1994: 1936: 1406: 1312:—a former police commissioner arrested in November 2004 and accused by the 1201: 1161: 1133:

National Guard defectors with blue armbands, symbolizing support for Guaidó

714: 8008: 7174: 4605:"Sancionaron a policías de Miranda que enfrentaron a presuntos colectivos" 3189:[Almost 70 Venezuelan deputies have been victims of persecution]. 1350:

Some academics and media outlets would ultimately describe the event as a

67: 8411: 7893: 7883: 7757: 7282: 4805:"Tanqueta de la Guardia Nacional de Venezuela pasa por encima de civiles" 4390: 2106: 1778: 1738: 1705: 1662: 1219: 911: 896:, called for supporters to gather at Miraflores Palace to defend Maduro. 667: 245: 7802: 6108:"Trump says he is "monitoring" uprising led by Juan Guaidó in Venezuela" 5256:"Venezuela in crisis as Guaido calls for May Day protests: Live updates" 5225:"U.S. military action in Venezuela is possibility if 'required': Pompeo" 3743:"Venezuelan Businessman Joined Plot to Oust Maduro–and Escape Sanctions" 3432:"'I'm ready to die for my country's future,' Juan Guaido tells Euronews" 3247:"How a nationwide protest against Maduro could shape Venezuela's future" 2553: 2536: 1708:

condemned "the coup attempt in Venezuela" and shared support for Maduro.

7722: 6369: 4581: 4531: 4351: 4323: 4096: 4006: 3975: 3914: 3878:"Troops that revolted against Venezuela's Maduro have fled the country" 3048: 2882:"Russian army helping Venezuela amid US 'threats': Moscow's ambassador" 2648: 2355: 1923: 1516: 1356: 1031: 810:

At approximately 5:00 am, large vehicles accompanied by members of the

670:

reported that more than a dozen sources close to the negotiations told

489: 6563: 6335:"МИД РФ призвал радикальную оппозицию Венесуэлы отказаться от насилия" 4926:"Militares detenidos por rebelión del 30 de abril están desaparecidos" 4877:"Salud Chacao ha atendido a 69 heridos durante represión de protestas" 4527:"Paramilitares disparan contra manifestantes en Chacao (VIDEO) #30Abr" 2216:"Venezuela crisis: Spain vows to protect opposition figure at embassy" 1961:

Censorship and media control during the Venezuelan presidential crisis

1057: 8819: 8357: 8326: 8194: 7317: 6888: 6081: 4217: 3609: 3002:"Venezuela's Leopoldo Lopez says he met generals during house arrest" 2886: 1566: 1402: 1388: 838: 640: 375: 363: 351: 321: 309: 137: 6365:"Maduro ally Turkey berates Venezuelan opposition for uprising call" 4662:"Guaidó says opposition overestimated military support for uprising" 4002:"Guaidó le habla a Venezuela desde la Base Aérea La Carlota (VIDEO)" 3943: 3740: 3606:"Social media restricted in Venezuela as Guaido speaks from Caracas" 3117: 2188: 8466: 8166: 6668: 4831: 3882: 3584: 2915:"Venezuela: Maduro expulsa a 55 militares implicados en alzamiento" 2835: 2694: 2289: 1622: 1580: 1498: 1197:

that suggested that senior Maduro allies were preparing to defect.

1065:

The recently sanctioned members sough refuge in foreign embassies.

861:

was broken into and shut down by the telecommunications authority.

621: 497: 477:

was freed from house arrest after being imprisoned for five years.

457:, a group of several dozen military personnel and civilians joined 4213:"Internet services restricted in Venezuela amid military uprising" 3661:"Venezuela opposition leader claims coup is under way – live news" 8276: 8088: 6499: 6441: 6268: 6245: 6222: 6199: 5229: 5081:"Venezuela's Maduro appears with defense minister after uprising" 5057: 4449: 2326: 2320: 1886: 1701: 1687: 1530: 111:, pro-Guaidó VN-4 supporting protests, pro-Guaidó forces gathered 6215:"#OfficialRelease we strongly condemn coup attempt in Venezuela" 6163:"Así reacciona el mundo ante el alzamiento militar en Venezuela" 5686:

Dickson López, Leandro; de la Rosa, Alicia (20 September 2014).

5552:"Military support overestimated in failed uprising, says Guaidó" 5527:"Venezuela's Juan Guaidó says he overestimated military support" 4898:

Montoya-Galvez, Camilo and Sarah Lynch Baldwin (30 April 2019).

4502:"Armored vehicle runs over protesters in Venezuela (IN SPANISH)" 3187:"Casi 70 diputados venezolanos han sido víctimas de persecución" 2690:"Here's what Barr left out in his summary of Mueller's findings" 2380:

Publicado el 1 de mayo de 2019. Consultado el 1 de mayo de 2019.

2252:"Pompeo claims Russia stopped Maduro leaving Venezuela for Cuba" 873:

Clashes between pro-Guaidó protesters and pro-Maduro authorities

6867: 4295: 3154:"Ally of Venezuelan opposition leader is detained, Guaidó Says" 1868: 1842: 1814: 1594: 1443: 1424: 1020: 6004:"Guaido calls for military support in uprising to oust Maduro" 4291:"The latest: Venezuelan govt says it is putting down coup bid" 2618:"Venezuela Crisis: Guaidó Calls for Uprising as Clashes Erupt" 1164:

in order to support Maduro and disrupt the rebellion attempt.

496:, while other media organizations described the actions as an 8913: 8859: 8204: 6415:"The Latest: Guaido calls for more street protests Wednesday" 5504:"Venezuelan opposition leader Leopoldo López remains hopeful" 4056:"¿Qué pasó alrededor de La Carlota este #30Abr? (Infografía)" 3658: 3635:"National Security Advisor John Bolton on Venezuela protests" 2400: 1828: 1640: 1480: 857:

would also be taken off the air, and the local radio station

842: 706: 644: 160:

is freed from house arrest, enters Spanish embassy in Caracas

3946:"Clashes rock Venezuela as Guaido urges opposition uprising" 3458:"Venezuela claims it has foiled attempted military uprising" 2716:"Maduro rallies troops against 'traitors' – DW – 05/02/2019" 8050: 5786:"AP Exclusive: Imprisoned supercop's escape from Venezuela" 5200: 5027:"Venezuela detains deputy of opposition leader Juan Guaido" 3521:"Venezuela 'foils national guard rebellion' against Maduro" 3251: 1907: 1894: 1760: 1719: 1608: 934: 104: 3275:"Venezuela crisis: Familiar geopolitical sides take shape" 2963:"The plot that failed: how Venezuela's 'uprising' fizzled" 2809:"Venezuelans take to streets as uprising attempt sputters" 2537:"Problem Venezuele u spoljnoj politici Sjedinjenih Država" 2189:

Vivian Sequera; Angus Berwick; Luc Cohen (30 April 2019).

845:

internet provider. The internet outage was similar to the

5260: 4634: 4427: 854: 763: 5958:

Niebieskikwiat, Natasha Niebieskikwiat (30 April 2019).

5631:"Venezuela's Guaidó asks for relations with US military" 5409:"Venezuela crisis: Defiant Maduro appears with soldiers" 5132:"Trump admin seeking to get money to Venezuela's Guaido" 3910:"Once Again, Mainstream Media Get It Wrong on Venezuela" 3741:

Kejal Vyas; Juan Forero; José de Córdoba (27 May 2019).

2644:"Once Again, Mainstream Media Get It Wrong on Venezuela" 7432:

Law against Fascism, Neofascism and Similar Expressions

6258: 6235: 6189: 5685: 2577:

European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies

2484:

European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies

1629:

stated "Brave people of Venezuela! Your time has come!"

1025:

recent efforts to bring humanitarian aid to the country

529:

began on 10 January 2019, when the opposition-majority

6138:

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus

5721:"Mediation in Norway aims to resolve Venezuela crisis" 5196: 5194: 3944:

Smith, Scott and Christopher Torchia (30 April 2019).

3049:

Goodman, Joshua and Christopher Torchia (1 May 2019).

2793:

Defiant Maduro claims victory over Guaido coup attempt

1160:

Maduro. Some suggested that these officials served as

1081:) entered Argentina's embassy on 9 May. Hours later, 918:

fired rounds while riding motorbikes near La Carlota.

656:

indicated in a press conference that Defense Minister

585:

on 26 January were held but no consensus was reached.

3118:

Sanchez, Fabiola; Torchia, Christopher (8 May 2019).

3113: 3111: 3109: 3107: 2740:

Baker, Beatrice Christofaro, Sinéad (30 April 2019).

2498: 5577:

Faiola, Anthony; Post, The Washington (5 May 2019).

5001:"Venezuela's opposition protests arrest of lawmaker" 4151:"Leopoldo López se refugia en la Embajada de España" 3839:"Las revelaciones de Leopoldo López en Conclusiones" 3120:"Venezuela's top court targets opposition lawmakers" 3076: 3074: 3072: 573:, Maduro's predecessor; in response, the pro-Maduro 5777: 5191: 3493:"Venezuela Puts down Mutiny by National Guard Unit" 3272: 3184: 2321:Sequera, Vivian and Angus Berwick (30 April 2019). 647:again blocked access to social media in Venezuela. 5810: 5808: 5806: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3598: 3151: 3104: 2667:Riley-Smith, Ben; Herbert, Samantha (1 May 2019). 2666: 818:. At 5:46 am VET, Guaidó live-streamed a video on 525:A power struggle concerning who is the legitimate 5434: 3069: 2588: 2502:Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies 2249: 595:Maduro's government states that the crisis is a " 107:responding to protests, pro-Guaidó protesters at 9174: 6157: 6155: 5814: 5403: 5401: 5374: 5372: 5370: 5368: 5366: 3385:(in Spanish). presidencia.gob.ve. Archived from 3022: 2909: 2907: 2853:"Photos From Venezuela: A Protest Turns Violent" 551:recognized as the interim president of Venezuela 465:as part of what he labeled "Operation Freedom" ( 6506: 5803: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5378: 5125: 5123: 4711: 4707: 4705: 4703: 4207: 4205: 4180: 3996: 3994: 3786: 3714: 3659:Holpuch, Amanda and Sam Jones (30 April 2019). 3654: 3652: 3578: 3429: 3147: 3145: 1034:denounced the arrests of military personnel as 549:of the nation. As of May 2019, Guaidó has been 5957: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4049: 4047: 4045: 3734: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 2518:Kargman, Steven T. (2023). "Venezuelan Saga". 2480: 8342: 7195:Statute Governing the Transition to Democracy 6911:Defense of Human Rights and Civil Society Act 6579: 6152: 5398: 5363: 5250: 5248: 5201:Picheta, Rob and Meg Wagner (30 April 2019). 5129: 5073: 4749: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4053: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4025: 3710: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3298: 3244: 2904: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2237: 812:National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela 5886: 5679: 5501: 5423: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5304: 5120: 4700: 4285: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4202: 3991: 3689: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3649: 3142: 2767:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2316: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2308: 1241:Protests in favor of the uprising, on 1 May. 685:Anthony Faiola reports a similar account in 6212: 5628: 5045: 4827:"Maduro claims victory over 'coup' attempt" 4417: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4367: 4266:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 4153:(in Spanish). ABC International. 1 May 2019 3629: 3627: 3556:(in Spanish). 16 March 2019. Archived from 3544: 3542: 3292: 3266: 3171: 2995: 2993: 2991: 2831:"Venezuela arrests over 'uprising attempt'" 2709:Maduro's authoritarian regime was right now 1901: 8349: 8335: 8267:International Criminal Court investigation 8136:Local Committees for Supply and Production 6586: 6572: 6259:Sanchez Ceren, Salvador (30 April 2019). 6236:Sanchez Ceren, Salvador (30 April 2019). 6190:Sanchez Ceren, Salvador (30 April 2019). 5925: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5917: 5915: 5576: 5245: 4819: 4683: 4112: 4022: 3699: 2611: 2609: 2234: 1783:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of North Korea 16:Failed attempt to overthrow Nicolás Maduro 6489: 5332: 5174: 4274: 3678: 3238: 2999: 2552: 2475: 2473: 2305: 1747:Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front 1115:also took refuge in the Italian embassy. 992: 928:At 11:00 am, Maduro's Prosecutor General 6054: 5524: 4954:(in Spanish). 7 May 2019. Archived from 4879:(in Spanish). El Nacional. 30 April 2019 4797: 4557:(in Spanish). El Nacional. 30 April 2019 4406: 4054:Moreno Losada, Vanessa (30 April 2019). 3624: 3539: 3455: 3423: 3205: 3088:(in Spanish). 7 May 2019. Archived from 2988: 2800: 2044:Among the elected deputies in exile are 1993:The seven members are: José Calzadilla, 1236: 1204:threatened to bring the "highest-level" 1183: 1128: 868: 767: 7396:Unitary Platform presidential primaries 7096:Presidential campaign of Nicolás Maduro 6593: 5912: 5866: 5783: 5718: 4239: 3310: 3273:Vasilyeva, Nataliya (24 January 2019). 3211: 2606: 2534: 2517: 2442: 2279: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2271: 2269: 1916:– President of the European Parliament 1673: 1645:Spokesperson of the Government of Spain 1643:– Isabel Celaá, in her capacity as the 1374: 1179: 1045:(TSJ) ordered the prosecution of seven 651:United States National Security Adviser 631:began, Guaidó offered the example that 587:Secretary-General of the United Nations 170:breaks ranks with the Maduro government 9175: 8744: 8356: 6694:Economic policies under Nicolás Maduro 6357: 5845: 5749: 5343: 4659: 4240:De 2019, 30 De Abril (30 April 2019). 3811: 2935: 2573: 2470: 2345: 2343: 764:Release of López and call for uprising 8330: 7278:National Assembly leadership election 6932:Colombian diplomatic/migration crisis 6689:Devaluation of the Venezuelan bolívar 6567: 6010:. The Associated Press. 30 April 2019 4976: 4970: 4923: 4847: 4739:"New mass protests held in Venezuela" 4679: 4677: 4655: 4653: 4624: 4622: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 3903: 3901: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3862: 3860: 2739: 1854: 1062:without a preliminary merit hearing. 957: 722:reported that Venezuelan businessman 559:2018 Venezuelan presidential election 8252:Enforced disappearances in Venezuela 8051:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas 5846:Faiola, Anthony (17 December 2019). 5719:Torchia, Christopher (16 May 2019). 5688:"Cronología del caso Iván Simonovis" 5103:"Levantamiento militar en Venezuela" 4630:"Venezuela's uprising: Live updates" 4585:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 4535:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 4453:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 4355:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 4327:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 3979:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 3430:Borges, Anelise (18 February 2019). 2390: 2388: 2386: 2359:(in European Spanish). 30 April 2019 2266: 1304: 1282:More protests and rallies were held 779:Illich Sánchez following his release 697:, reinstate the opposition-majority 203:on 8 May and released 4 months later 8736:Guayana Esequiba (Reclamation area) 8064:United Socialist Party of Venezuela 6616:History of Venezuela (1999–present) 5473: 4607:(in Spanish). El Pitazo. 1 May 2019 3907: 2641: 2340: 2250:Hansler, Jennifer (30 April 2019). 890:United Socialist Party of Venezuela 557:The process and results of the May 103:speaking to supporters, pro-Maduro 13: 6814:III National Assembly of Venezuela 6733:Interventions of political parties 5525:Connelly, Eileen AJ (5 May 2019). 4674: 4650: 4619: 4165: 4075: 3898: 3857: 3245:Meredith, Sam (12 February 2019). 3185:Singer, Florantonia (9 May 2019). 1192:Unnamed sources told CNN that the 14: 9244: 6957:IV National Assembly of Venezuela 5815:Eugenio Martínez (13 June 2019). 5007:. Associated Press. 9 August 2019 4712:Zuñiga, Mariana (30 April 2019). 3579:Quintero, Luisa (19 April 2019). 3456:Phillips, Tom (22 January 2019). 3226:from the original on 4 April 2019 3152:Kurmanaev, Anatoly (8 May 2019). 2781:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 2383: 1226: 1194:United States Department of State 712:Venezuelan investigative journal 8865:Ecological Movement of Venezuela 8282:Political prisoners in Venezuela 7327:V National Assembly of Venezuela 6763:States of emergency in Venezuela 6548:(in Spanish). EFE. 30 April 2019 6534: 6483: 6457: 6429: 6407: 6385: 6327: 6301: 6275: 6252: 6229: 6206: 6183: 6126: 6100: 6074: 6048: 6022: 5996: 5974: 5951: 5860: 5839: 5784:Goodman, Joshua (25 June 2019). 5743: 5712: 5653: 5622: 5596: 5570: 5544: 5518: 5495: 5451: 5435:Berlinger, Joshua (2 May 2019). 5298: 5276: 4855:"At least 71 injured in clashes" 3812:Faiola, Anthony (24 June 2019). 2156: 2136: 2035:but the name was later scrapped. 1879: 1861: 1835: 1821: 1807: 1793: 1771: 1753: 1731: 1712: 1694: 1680: 1651: 1633: 1615: 1601: 1587: 1573: 1559: 1537: 1523: 1509: 1491: 1473: 1455: 1436: 1417: 1395: 1381: 1217:United States Secretary of State 945:around 1:41 pm after armed 629:Venezuelan Independence Movement 374: 362: 350: 335: 320: 308: 293: 231:Bolivarian National Armed Forces 130: 84: 77: 66: 59: 48: 24:2019 Venezuelan uprising attempt 8162:Organization of American States 8121:Bolivarian Intelligence Service 8046:Union of South American Nations 6606:Protests against Nicolás Maduro 6341:. 30 April 2019. Archived from 5217: 5168: 5146: 5095: 5019: 4993: 4940: 4917: 4891: 4869: 4775: 4731: 4597: 4569: 4547: 4519: 4493: 4465: 4339: 4311: 4233: 4143: 3963: 3937: 3831: 3768:"La conjura de los testaferros" 3760: 3715:Faiola, Anthony (13 May 2019). 3572: 3513: 3485: 3449: 3401: 3375: 3354: 3336: 3212:DeYoung, Karen (4 April 2019). 3042: 3023:Joshua Berlinger (2 May 2019). 3016: 2955: 2929: 2116: 2038: 1987: 1930:Organization of American States 583:United Nations Security Council 579:Organization of American States 483:Bolivarian Intelligence Service 461:in his call for the removal of 236:Bolivarian Intelligence Service 154:largely remains loyal to Maduro 9228:Venezuelan presidential crisis 9218:Political history of Venezuela 9193:April 2019 events in Venezuela 8427:Restorative Liberal Revolution 8084:Agencia Venezolana de Noticias 7230:Death of Rafael Acosta Arévalo 7165:Inauguration of Nicolás Maduro 6611:Venezuelan presidential crisis 6514:"Comunicado del Grupo de Lima" 6213:@FMLNoficial (30 April 2019). 6055:Petříček, Tomáš (1 May 2019). 5931:"Comunicado del Grupo de Lima" 5750:Castro, Maolis (17 May 2019). 5379:Casey, Nicholas (1 May 2019). 5344:Zuñiga, Mariana (2 May 2019). 4977:Brito, Estefani (7 May 2019). 4660:Faiola, Anthony (4 May 2019). 4499: 4181:Faiola, Anthony (3 May 2019). 3350:(in Spanish). 10 January 2019. 2450:"Comunicado del Grupo de Lima" 2416: 2371: 2208: 2182: 1465:– Minister of Foreign Affairs 1369: 521:Venezuelan presidential crisis 455:Venezuelan presidential crisis 31:Venezuelan presidential crisis 1: 8316:Bolivarian Revolution in film 8114:Constituent National Assembly 7427:Detention of Rocío San Miguel 7058:Death of Carlos Andrés García 7031:Constituent Assembly election 5461:(in Spanish). BBC. 1 May 2019 3845:(in Spanish). 31 October 2020 3324:(in Spanish). 21 January 2019 2936:Reeves, Philip (5 May 2019). 2175: 1297:, to start a dialog with the 1118: 837:After Guaidó's announcement, 703:National Intelligence Service 695:Constituent National Assembly 514: 453:On 30 April 2019, during the 252:Pro-Maduro counter-protesters 97:Top to bottom, left to right: 9233:Attempted coups in Venezuela 9213:May 2019 events in Venezuela 8227:National Assembly (majority) 7240:Death of Juan Carlos Márquez 7215:Disappearance of Gilber Caro 7210:Detention of Roberto Marrero 6927:Detention of Antonio Ledezma 6490:@jaarreaza (30 April 2019). 5823:(in Spanish). Archived from 5696:(in Spanish). Archived from 5130:Atwood, Kylie (2 May 2019). 4924:Marra, Yohana (7 May 2019). 1323: 975: 7: 8801:Democratic Unity Roundtable 8790:People's Electoral Movement 8724:Supreme Tribunal of Justice 8175:Democratic Unity Roundtable 8104:Supreme Tribunal of Justice 8074:People's Electoral Movement 7126:Detention of Juan Requesens 7016:Caracas helicopter incident 6906:Detention of Leopoldo López 6794:Colombian diplomatic crisis 6743:Refugee crisis and diaspora 6498:) (in Spanish) – via 6267:) (in Spanish) – via 6244:) (in Spanish) – via 6221:) (in Spanish) – via 6198:) (in Spanish) – via 6171:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 5629:Scott Smith (11 May 2019). 5556:Australian Financial Review 5502:Weddle, Cody (2 May 2019). 5305:Tom Phillips (2 May 2019). 5175:Re, Gregg (30 April 2019). 4763:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 4481:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 4431:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 4394:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 4010:(in Spanish). 30 April 2019 3908:Fox, Michael (2 May 2019). 2642:Fox, Michael (2 May 2019). 2105:is in the Chilean embassy. 1944: 1873:Andrés Manuel López Obrador 1364: 1125:Venezuelan crisis defection 1043:Supreme Tribunal of Justice 801:Palacio Federal Legislativo 633:organized protests in Sudan 575:Supreme Tribunal of Justice 10: 9249: 8497:2017 constitutional crisis 8109:National Electoral Council 6980:Recall referendum movement 3411:(in Spanish). Europa Press 2535:Trapara, Vladimir (2021). 1230: 1122: 1071:Fearless People's Alliance 1010:armoured personnel carrier 864: 676:peaceful transfer of power 660:, Supreme Court president 635:led to the replacement of 620:. From the first rally in 607:the country's oil reserves 605:to topple him and control 518: 488:In a joint statement, the 9134: 9055: 8982: 8973: 8894: 8885: 8838: 8798: 8770:Movement We Are Venezuela 8753: 8626:Human rights in Venezuela 8611: 8602: 8533: 8524: 8472:1992 coup d'état attempts 8407:Revolution of the Reforms 8377: 8368: 8300: 8262:Human rights in Venezuela 8244: 8154: 8126:Bolivarian National Guard 8038: 8031: 7811: 7600: 7593: 7528: 7512: 7483: 7476: 7419: 7378: 7370:Recall referendum project 7357: 7336: 7270: 7220:30 April uprising attempt 7170:Venezuela TPS Act of 2019 7157: 7144:Tumeremo massacre (third) 7083: 6993: 6975:Tumeremo massacre (first) 6967: 6919: 6881: 6850: 6824: 6786: 6758:State-sponsored terrorism 6636: 6629: 6601: 5867:Infobae (30 April 2019). 4981:(in Spanish). El Nacional 4928:(in Spanish). Crónica Uno 4684:Manetto, F (3 May 2019). 2520:The International Economy 2109:is among those arrested. 1897:that ran over protestors. 1138:Manuel Cristopher Figuera 824:La Carlota Air Force Base 816:Francisco Fajardo Highway 793:Bolivarian National Guard 758: 567:Constitution of Venezuela 479:Manuel Cristopher Figuera 427: 422: 395: 390: 381:Manuel Cristopher Figuera 288: 283: 214: 209: 168:Manuel Cristopher Figuera 144: 124: 116: 41: 28: 23: 8643:Administrative divisions 8502:2019 presidential crisis 8482:2002 coup d'état attempt 8417:Revindicating Revolution 8210:Movimiento al Socialismo 8094:Venezolana de Televisión 7437:Bulla Loca mine disaster 7180:Humanitarian aid mission 7149:2018 protests (timeline) 7139:Murder of Fernando Albán 7106:Panama diplomatic crisis 7053:Attack on Fort Paramacay 7026:National Assembly attack 7001:Detention of Gilber Caro 6985:2016 protests (timeline) 6942:2015 protests (timeline) 6445:(in Spanish). 1 May 2021 6395:. Twitter. 30 April 2019 6289:(in Spanish). 5 May 2019 6140:(in Russian). 1 May 2019 5984:. Twitter. 30 April 2019 5083:. Reuters. 30 April 2019 3000:Guy, Jack (3 May 2019). 2404:(in Spanish). 5 May 2019 2145:says tens of thousands; 2033:Andrés Delgado Velásquez 1981: 1951:Attack on Fort Paramacay 1902:Intergovernmental bodies 1233:2019 Venezuelan protests 1208:for their alleged role. 877:Minister of Information 814:blocked portions of the 533:declared that incumbent 173:Pro-Maduro institutions 9223:Rebellions in Venezuela 8616:Corruption in Venezuela 7447:international reactions 7406:Guyana–Venezuela crisis 7200:Murder of Alí Domínguez 6799:Death of Franklin Brito 6724:International sanctions 6674:Crimes against humanity 3747:The Wall Street Journal 3693:The Wall Street Journal 3301:New York Times (Online) 1667:U.S. Secretary of State 1318:Llaguno Overpass events 720:The Wall Street Journal 680:The Wall Street Journal 672:The Wall Street Journal 413:Thousands of protesters 8941:Science and technology 8855:Movement for Socialism 8765:United Socialist Party 8487:2002–03 general strike 8131:Mission Barrio Adentro 7477:Deaths during protests 7323:Parliamentary election 7318:Detention of Alex Saab 7245:Murder of Edmundo Rada 6952:Parliamentary election 6809:Parliamentary election 6471:(in Spanish). May 2019 6393:"Recep Tayyip Erdoğan" 5203:"Venezuela's uprising" 3303:– via ProQuest. 1743:Salvador Sánchez Cerén 1411:democracy in Venezuela 1242: 1189: 1154:Gustavo González López 1134: 1101: 1078: 993:Arrests and casualties 963:persisted in Caracas. 874: 791:Illich Sánchez of the 780: 741: 734:Mauricio Claver-Carone 658:Vladimir Padrino López 643:stated that state-run 554:as interim president. 527:President of Venezuela 470: 183:parliamentary immunity 9203:Constitutional crises 8287:Revolving door effect 7442:Presidential election 7293:Barquisimeto shooting 7235:Attack of Rufo Chacón 7131:Economic reforms and 7111:Presidential election 7011:Mother of All Marches 7006:Constitutional crisis 6863:Presidential election 6837:Presidential election 6703:Zulia energy collapse 6654:Bolivarian Revolution 6417:. AP News. 1 May 2019 4688:(in Spanish). El País 4248:(in European Spanish) 3695:– via ProQuest. 3637:. CNBC. 30 April 2019 1240: 1187: 1132: 1123:Further information: 1036:forced disappearances 933:At 11:42 am, armored 872: 771: 592:called for dialogue. 423:Casualties and losses 272:Pro-Guaidó protesters 8841:Agreement for Change 8780:For Social Democracy 8756:Great Patriotic Pole 8621:Torture in Venezuela 8590:World Heritage Sites 8565:Environmental issues 8292:Torture in Venezuela 8220:Agreement for Change 8100:State organizations 8059:Great Patriotic Pole 7864:María Corina Machado 7541:Juan Pablo Pernalete 7464:Widespread blackouts 7283:Death of Addy Valero 7225:Acarigua prison riot 7205:Widespread blackouts 7121:Caracas drone attack 6947:Narcosobrinos affair 6858:Death of Hugo Chávez 6778:Coronavirus pandemic 5700:on 30 September 2015 4857:. CNN. 30 April 2019 2061:José Manuel Olivares 1847:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 1765:Mohammad Javad Zarif 1674:In support of Maduro 1375:In support of Guaidó 1336:By the end of 2019, 1180:Foreign intervention 1079:Alianza Bravo Pueblo 951:Miranda State Police 729:The Washington Post, 511:was later arrested. 9208:Crisis in Venezuela 9027:List of Venezuelans 8850:Progressive Advance 8638:Crisis in Venezuela 8392:War of Independence 8215:Progressive Advance 8141:Carnet de la Patria 7411:El Palito oil spill 7386:Anti-Solidarity Law 7313:El Palito oil spill 7303:Guanare prison riot 7116:El Paraíso stampede 7048:Municipal elections 6873:Municipal elections 6709:Human rights abuses 6649:Bolivarian missions 6595:Crisis in Venezuela 5853:The Washington Post 5725:The Washington Post 5350:The Washington Post 4718:The Washington Post 4667:The Washington Post 4188:The Washington Post 3818:The Washington Post 3721:The Washington Post 3124:The Washington Post 2806: • 2674:The Daily Telegraph 2554:10.20901/pm.58.1.04 2167:The Washington Post 2147:The Washington Post 2133:were also indicted. 1914:European Parliament 1889:– Former President 1763:– Foreign Minister 1446:– Foreign Minister 1405:− Foreign Minister 1339:The Washington Post 1299:US Southern Command 1288:The Washington Post 1156:as the SEBIN head. 859:Radio Caracas Radio 847:regular disruptions 691:The Washington Post 687:The Washington Post 563:second inauguration 433:5 officials wounded 109:La Carlota Air Base 36:Crisis in Venezuela 9017:Indigenous peoples 8951:Telecommunications 8548:metropolitan areas 8301:In popular culture 8272:Orinoco Mining Arc 8171:Political parties 8055:Political parties 7829:C. Alcalá Cordones 7688:C. Alcalá Cordones 7391:Barbados Agreement 7190:Venezuela Aid Live 7063:Law against Hatred 7043:Regional elections 6842:Regional elections 6768:Catatumbo campaign 6748:Resource shortages 6719:Illegal drug trade 6519:Government of Peru 5936:Government of Peru 5385:The New York Times 3389:on 31 January 2019 3057:. Associated Press 2858:The New York Times 2623:The New York Times 2615: • 2479: • 2455:Government of Peru 2163:The New York Times 2151:The New York Times 1999:Mariela Magallanes 1855:Neutral statements 1627:Mario Abdo Benítez 1269:Human Rights Watch 1254:The New York Times 1243: 1210:The New York Times 1190: 1135: 1106:Mariela Magallanes 972:from the country. 969:Juan Carlos Varela 958:Movement dissolves 930:Tarek William Saab 875: 789:lieutenant colonel 781: 777:lieutenant colonel 565:, citing the 1999 481:, the head of the 471:Operación Libertad 409:National Guardsmen 269:Military defectors 9198:Conflicts in 2019 9188:2019 in Venezuela 9170: 9169: 9130: 9129: 8969: 8968: 8881: 8880: 8877: 8876: 8873: 8872: 8825:Democratic Action 8690:National Assembly 8670:Foreign relations 8598: 8597: 8520: 8519: 8387:Captaincy General 8324: 8323: 8240: 8239: 8190:Democratic Action 8027: 8026: 7589: 7588: 7546:Armando Cañizales 7472: 7471: 7298:COVID-19 pandemic 7250:Operación Alacrán 6621:COVID-19 pandemic 6034:La República Perú 5583:Stamford Advocate 5411:. BBC. 2 May 2019 5156:. CNN. 3 May 2019 3886:. 9 December 2019 3527:. 21 January 2019 3501:. 21 January 2019 2861:. 30 April 2019. 2131:Juan Andrés Mejía 2025:Henry Ramos Allup 2010:Américo De Grazia 1934:Secretary General 1724:Miguel Díaz-Canel 1547:– Prime Minister 1448:Chrystia Freeland 1305:Simonovis release 1206:sanctions on Cuba 1150:Tareck El Aissami 1083:Américo De Grazia 1047:National Assembly 1008:A National Guard 883:Miraflores Palace 797:Miraflores Palace 699:National Assembly 618:Miraflores Palace 531:National Assembly 505:National Assembly 451: 450: 447: 446: 418: 417: 279: 278: 193:National Assembly 187:National Assembly 9240: 9183:2019 in politics 9150: 9143: 8980: 8979: 8892: 8891: 8843: 8803: 8758: 8751: 8750: 8742: 8741: 8609: 8608: 8531: 8530: 8447:1958 coup d'état 8442:El Trienio Adeco 8375: 8374: 8351: 8344: 8337: 8328: 8327: 8036: 8035: 7708:V. Padrino López 7678:C. Mata Figueroa 7673:N. Maduro Guerra 7632:arrested in 2024 7598: 7597: 7576:David Vallenilla 7481: 7480: 7457:political crisis 7308:Operation Gideon 7091:El Junquito raid 6753:State protectors 6634: 6633: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6565: 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6538: 6532: 6531: 6529: 6527: 6510: 6504: 6503: 6487: 6481: 6480: 6478: 6476: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6452: 6450: 6433: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6422: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6378: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6345:on 30 April 2019 6331: 6325: 6324: 6322: 6320: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6294: 6279: 6273: 6272: 6256: 6250: 6249: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6210: 6204: 6203: 6187: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6176: 6159: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6145: 6130: 6124: 6123: 6121: 6119: 6104: 6098: 6097: 6095: 6093: 6078: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6052: 6046: 6045: 6043: 6041: 6026: 6020: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6000: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5989: 5982:"Jair Bolsonaro" 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5955: 5949: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5927: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5890: 5884: 5883: 5881: 5879: 5864: 5858: 5857: 5843: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5832: 5812: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5790:Associated Press 5781: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5747: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5727:. Archived from 5716: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5683: 5677: 5676: 5674: 5672: 5657: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5637:. Archived from 5626: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5615: 5600: 5594: 5593: 5591: 5589: 5574: 5568: 5567: 5565: 5563: 5548: 5542: 5541: 5539: 5537: 5522: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5477: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5432: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5405: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5391: 5376: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5341: 5330: 5329: 5327: 5325: 5302: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5252: 5243: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5198: 5189: 5188: 5186: 5184: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5150: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5127: 5118: 5117: 5115: 5113: 5107:Voice of America 5099: 5093: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5077: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5066: 5049: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5023: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5012: 5005:Washington Times 4997: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4974: 4968: 4967: 4965: 4963: 4944: 4938: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4921: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4910: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4823: 4817: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4801: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4790: 4779: 4773: 4772: 4770: 4768: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4735: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4709: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4693: 4681: 4672: 4671: 4657: 4648: 4647: 4645: 4643: 4626: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4601: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4590: 4573: 4567: 4566: 4564: 4562: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4542: 4540: 4523: 4517: 4516: 4514: 4512: 4497: 4491: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4419: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4382: 4365: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4315: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4304: 4287: 4272: 4271: 4265: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4209: 4200: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4178: 4163: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4147: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4121: 4110: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4088: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4051: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4015: 3998: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3984: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3950:Associated Press 3941: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3905: 3896: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3874: 3855: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3835: 3829: 3828: 3826: 3824: 3809: 3784: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3755: 3753: 3738: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3727: 3712: 3697: 3696: 3687: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3656: 3647: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3631: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3617: 3602: 3596: 3595: 3593: 3591: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3560:on 21 April 2019 3546: 3537: 3536: 3534: 3532: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3508: 3506: 3498:Voice of America 3489: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3442: 3427: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3416: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3379: 3373: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3358: 3352: 3351: 3340: 3334: 3333: 3331: 3329: 3314: 3308: 3307: 3296: 3290: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3217: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3182: 3169: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3149: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3126:. Archived from 3115: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3078: 3067: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3046: 3040: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3009: 2997: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2911: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2826: 2824: 2822: 2814:Associated Press 2804: 2798: 2795: 2790: 2788: 2772: 2766: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2747:Business Insider 2736: 2731: 2729: 2711: 2705: 2703: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2663: 2658: 2656: 2638: 2633: 2631: 2613: 2604: 2601: 2591:Ciencia Política 2585: 2570: 2556: 2531: 2514: 2495: 2477: 2468: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2446: 2440: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2420: 2414: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2392: 2381: 2375: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2347: 2338: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2318: 2303: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2281: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2247: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2227: 2212: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2201: 2186: 2170: 2165:says thousands; 2160: 2154: 2149:says thousands; 2140: 2134: 2123:Freddy Superlano 2120: 2114: 2100: 2089: 2058: 2042: 2036: 2018: 2007: 1991: 1956:El Junquito raid 1885: 1883: 1882: 1867: 1865: 1864: 1841: 1839: 1838: 1827: 1825: 1824: 1813: 1811: 1810: 1799: 1797: 1796: 1777: 1775: 1774: 1759: 1757: 1756: 1737: 1735: 1734: 1718: 1716: 1715: 1700: 1698: 1697: 1686: 1684: 1683: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1639: 1637: 1636: 1621: 1619: 1618: 1607: 1605: 1604: 1593: 1591: 1590: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1565: 1563: 1562: 1549:Mamuka Bakhtadze 1543: 1541: 1540: 1529: 1527: 1526: 1515: 1513: 1512: 1497: 1495: 1494: 1485:Sebastián Piñera 1479: 1477: 1476: 1461: 1459: 1458: 1442: 1440: 1439: 1423: 1421: 1420: 1401: 1399: 1398: 1387: 1385: 1384: 1174:Atlantic Council 1170:Voice of America 1114: 1102:La Causa Radical 1091: 1003:Defense Minister 999:Vladimir Padrino 909: 901:Valentín Santana 894:Diosdado Cabello 830:López, his wife 590:António Guterres 547:acting president 539:2018 re-election 429: 428: 397: 396: 379: 378: 367: 366: 355: 354: 340: 339: 338: 325: 324: 315:Diosdado Cabello 313: 312: 298: 297: 296: 216: 215: 136: 134: 133: 88: 81: 70: 63: 52: 21: 20: 9248: 9247: 9243: 9242: 9241: 9239: 9238: 9237: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9166: 9153: 9146: 9139: 9126: 9051: 9032:Public holidays 8965: 8869: 8839: 8834: 8799: 8794: 8775:Communist Party 8754: 8740: 8675:Law enforcement 8594: 8585:Natural Regions 8516: 8364: 8355: 8325: 8320: 8296: 8236: 8195:Un Nuevo Tiempo 8150: 8023: 7807: 7728:H. Rangel Silva 7585: 7561:Orlando Figuera 7551:Miguel Castillo 7524: 7508: 7504:Geraldin Moreno 7499:Génesis Carmona 7491:Bassil Da Costa 7468: 7415: 7374: 7353: 7332: 7266: 7153: 7079: 6989: 6963: 6937:Resolution 8610 6915: 6877: 6846: 6820: 6782: 6644:Economic crisis 6625: 6597: 6592: 6562: 6561: 6551: 6549: 6540: 6539: 6535: 6525: 6523: 6512: 6511: 6507: 6488: 6484: 6474: 6472: 6463: 6462: 6458: 6448: 6446: 6435: 6434: 6430: 6420: 6418: 6413: 6412: 6408: 6398: 6396: 6391: 6390: 6386: 6376: 6374: 6373:. 30 April 2019 6363: 6362: 6358: 6348: 6346: 6333: 6332: 6328: 6318: 6316: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6292: 6290: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6257: 6253: 6234: 6230: 6211: 6207: 6188: 6184: 6174: 6172: 6161: 6160: 6153: 6143: 6141: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6117: 6115: 6114:. 30 April 2019 6106: 6105: 6101: 6091: 6089: 6080: 6079: 6075: 6065: 6063: 6053: 6049: 6039: 6037: 6028: 6027: 6023: 6013: 6011: 6002: 6001: 5997: 5987: 5985: 5980: 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5956: 5952: 5942: 5940: 5929: 5928: 5913: 5903: 5901: 5900:. 30 April 2019 5892: 5891: 5887: 5877: 5875: 5865: 5861: 5844: 5840: 5830: 5828: 5827:on 13 June 2019 5813: 5804: 5794: 5792: 5782: 5778: 5768: 5766: 5748: 5744: 5734: 5732: 5717: 5713: 5703: 5701: 5684: 5680: 5670: 5668: 5659: 5658: 5654: 5644: 5642: 5635:Washington Post 5627: 5623: 5613: 5611: 5602: 5601: 5597: 5587: 5585: 5575: 5571: 5561: 5559: 5550: 5549: 5545: 5535: 5533: 5523: 5519: 5509: 5507: 5500: 5496: 5486: 5484: 5479: 5478: 5474: 5464: 5462: 5457: 5456: 5452: 5442: 5440: 5433: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5407: 5406: 5399: 5389: 5387: 5377: 5364: 5354: 5352: 5342: 5333: 5323: 5321: 5303: 5299: 5289: 5287: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5267: 5265: 5254: 5253: 5246: 5236: 5234: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5208: 5206: 5199: 5192: 5182: 5180: 5173: 5169: 5159: 5157: 5152: 5151: 5147: 5137: 5135: 5128: 5121: 5111: 5109: 5101: 5100: 5096: 5086: 5084: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5064: 5062: 5051: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5025: 5024: 5020: 5010: 5008: 4999: 4998: 4994: 4984: 4982: 4975: 4971: 4961: 4959: 4946: 4945: 4941: 4931: 4929: 4922: 4918: 4908: 4906: 4896: 4892: 4882: 4880: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4860: 4858: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4838: 4836: 4825: 4824: 4820: 4810: 4808: 4803: 4802: 4798: 4788: 4786: 4781: 4780: 4776: 4766: 4764: 4755: 4754: 4750: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4710: 4701: 4691: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4658: 4651: 4641: 4639: 4628: 4627: 4620: 4610: 4608: 4603: 4602: 4598: 4588: 4586: 4575: 4574: 4570: 4560: 4558: 4553: 4552: 4548: 4538: 4536: 4525: 4524: 4520: 4510: 4508: 4498: 4494: 4484: 4482: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4456: 4454: 4443: 4441: 4434: 4432: 4421: 4420: 4407: 4397: 4395: 4384: 4383: 4368: 4358: 4356: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4330: 4328: 4317: 4316: 4312: 4302: 4300: 4299:. 30 April 2019 4289: 4288: 4275: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4249: 4238: 4234: 4224: 4222: 4221:. 30 April 2019 4211: 4210: 4203: 4193: 4191: 4179: 4166: 4156: 4154: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4134: 4132: 4131:. 30 April 2019 4123: 4122: 4113: 4103: 4101: 4090: 4089: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4052: 4023: 4013: 4011: 4000: 3999: 3992: 3982: 3980: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3954: 3952: 3942: 3938: 3928: 3926: 3906: 3899: 3889: 3887: 3876: 3875: 3858: 3848: 3846: 3837: 3836: 3832: 3822: 3820: 3810: 3787: 3777: 3775: 3766: 3765: 3761: 3751: 3749: 3739: 3735: 3725: 3723: 3713: 3700: 3688: 3679: 3669: 3667: 3657: 3650: 3640: 3638: 3633: 3632: 3625: 3615: 3613: 3612:. 19 April 2019 3604: 3603: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3577: 3573: 3563: 3561: 3548: 3547: 3540: 3530: 3528: 3519: 3518: 3514: 3504: 3502: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3476: 3474: 3454: 3450: 3440: 3438: 3428: 3424: 3414: 3412: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3392: 3390: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3366: 3364: 3360: 3359: 3355: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3327: 3325: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3271: 3267: 3257: 3255: 3243: 3239: 3229: 3227: 3220:The Independent 3210: 3206: 3196: 3194: 3183: 3172: 3162: 3160: 3150: 3143: 3133: 3131: 3116: 3105: 3095: 3093: 3080: 3079: 3070: 3060: 3058: 3047: 3043: 3033: 3031: 3021: 3017: 3007: 3005: 2998: 2989: 2979: 2977: 2961: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2934: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2913: 2912: 2905: 2893: 2891: 2880: 2871: 2869: 2851: 2842: 2840: 2839:. 6 August 2017 2829: 2820: 2818: 2817:. 20 April 2021 2807: 2805: 2801: 2786: 2784: 2775: 2760: 2759: 2752: 2750: 2727: 2725: 2714: 2701: 2699: 2688: 2679: 2677: 2654: 2652: 2629: 2627: 2626:. 30 April 2019 2616: 2614: 2607: 2541:Politička Misao 2478: 2471: 2461: 2459: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2433: 2431: 2430:. 30 April 2019 2422: 2421: 2417: 2407: 2405: 2394: 2393: 2384: 2376: 2372: 2362: 2360: 2349: 2348: 2341: 2331: 2329: 2319: 2306: 2296: 2294: 2283: 2282: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2248: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2199: 2197: 2187: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2161: 2157: 2153:says thousands. 2141: 2137: 2121: 2117: 2094: 2083: 2069:Dinorah Figuera 2065:Rosmit Mantilla 2052: 2043: 2039: 2012: 2001: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1976:Macuto Bay raid 1947: 1904: 1880: 1878: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1836: 1834: 1822: 1820: 1808: 1806: 1794: 1792: 1772: 1770: 1754: 1752: 1745:and the ruling 1732: 1730: 1713: 1711: 1695: 1693: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1652: 1650: 1634: 1632: 1616: 1614: 1602: 1600: 1588: 1586: 1574: 1572: 1560: 1558: 1538: 1536: 1524: 1522: 1510: 1508: 1492: 1490: 1474: 1472: 1456: 1454: 1437: 1435: 1418: 1416: 1396: 1394: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1372: 1367: 1326: 1307: 1235: 1229: 1182: 1146:Jorge Rodríguez 1142:Delcy Rodríguez 1127: 1121: 1108: 1085: 995: 978: 960: 903: 879:Jorge Rodríguez 867: 766: 761: 523: 517: 443: 441: 439: 434: 414: 412: 402: 386: 385: 373: 361: 349: 336: 334: 331: 327:Delcy Rodríguez 319: 307: 294: 292: 275: 255: 199:is arrested by 195:Vice President 140: 131: 129: 112: 99: 94: 93: 92: 91: 90: 89: 82: 73: 72: 71: 64: 55: 54: 53: 33: 17: 12: 11: 5: 9246: 9236: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9168: 9167: 9165: 9164: 9159: 9152: 9151: 9144: 9136: 9135: 9132: 9131: 9128: 9127: 9125: 9124: 9123: 9122: 9117: 9112: 9102: 9097: 9092: 9087: 9085:Miss Venezuela 9082: 9077: 9072: 9067: 9061: 9059: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8983: 8977: 8971: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8964: 8963: 8958: 8953: 8948: 8946:Stock Exchange 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8922: 8921: 8916: 8906: 8901: 8895: 8889: 8883: 8882: 8879: 8878: 8875: 8874: 8871: 8870: 8868: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8846: 8844: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8830:Come Venezuela 8827: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8806: 8804: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8761: 8759: 8748: 8739: 8738: 8733: 8732: 8731: 8721: 8720: 8719: 8714: 8712:Vice President 8709: 8699: 8698: 8697: 8687: 8682: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8656: 8655: 8650: 8640: 8635: 8634: 8633: 8623: 8618: 8612: 8606: 8600: 8599: 8596: 8595: 8593: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8580:National parks 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8551: 8550: 8540: 8534: 8528: 8522: 8521: 8518: 8517: 8515: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8477:Vargas tragedy 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8454: 8452:Puntofijo Pact 8449: 8444: 8439: 8434: 8432:1902–03 crisis 8429: 8424: 8419: 8414: 8409: 8404: 8394: 8389: 8384: 8378: 8372: 8366: 8365: 8354: 8353: 8346: 8339: 8331: 8322: 8321: 8319: 8318: 8313: 8304: 8302: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8248: 8246: 8242: 8241: 8238: 8237: 8235: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8223: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8200:Come Venezuela 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8169: 8164: 8158: 8156: 8152: 8151: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8128: 8123: 8118: 8117: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8098: 8097: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8080:Media outlets 8078: 8077: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8053: 8048: 8042: 8040: 8033: 8029: 8028: 8025: 8024: 8022: 8021: 8016: 8011: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7995: 7994: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7860: 7859: 7854:Rafael Ramírez 7851: 7850: 7849: 7844:L. Ortega Díaz 7841: 7836: 7835: 7834: 7826: 7821: 7815: 7813: 7809: 7808: 7806: 7805: 7800: 7795: 7790: 7785: 7784: 7783: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7719: 7718: 7710: 7705: 7704: 7703: 7698:L. Ortega Díaz 7695: 7694: 7693: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7634: 7633: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7608:Nicolás Maduro 7604: 7602: 7595: 7591: 7590: 7587: 7586: 7584: 7583: 7578: 7573: 7568: 7563: 7558: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7538: 7532: 7530: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7522: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7509: 7507: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7493: 7487: 7485: 7478: 7474: 7473: 7470: 7469: 7467: 7466: 7461: 7460: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7439: 7434: 7429: 7423: 7421: 7417: 7416: 7414: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7382: 7380: 7376: 7375: 7373: 7372: 7367: 7365:Arauca clashes 7361: 7359: 7355: 7354: 7352: 7351: 7346: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7329: 7328: 7320: 7315: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7274: 7272: 7268: 7267: 7265: 7264: 7263: 7262: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7161: 7159: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7098: 7093: 7087: 7085: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7039: 7038: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6997: 6995: 6991: 6990: 6988: 6987: 6982: 6977: 6971: 6969: 6965: 6964: 6962: 6961: 6960: 6959: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6923: 6921: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6913: 6908: 6903: 6902: 6901: 6891: 6885: 6883: 6879: 6878: 6876: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6854: 6852: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6828: 6826: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6818: 6817: 6816: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6790: 6788: 6784: 6783: 6781: 6780: 6775: 6773:Pemon conflict 6770: 6765: 6760: 6755: 6750: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6728:U.S. sanctions 6721: 6716: 6714:Hyperinflation 6711: 6706: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6640: 6638: 6631: 6627: 6626: 6624: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6591: 6590: 6583: 6576: 6568: 6560: 6559: 6533: 6505: 6482: 6456: 6428: 6406: 6384: 6356: 6326: 6300: 6274: 6251: 6228: 6205: 6182: 6151: 6125: 6099: 6073: 6047: 6021: 5995: 5973: 5950: 5911: 5885: 5859: 5838: 5821:Efecto Coucuyo 5802: 5776: 5758:(in Spanish). 5742: 5731:on 17 May 2019 5711: 5678: 5652: 5641:on 14 May 2019 5621: 5595: 5569: 5543: 5517: 5494: 5472: 5450: 5422: 5397: 5362: 5331: 5297: 5275: 5244: 5216: 5190: 5167: 5145: 5119: 5105:(in Spanish). 5094: 5072: 5044: 5018: 4992: 4969: 4939: 4916: 4890: 4868: 4846: 4818: 4796: 4774: 4748: 4730: 4699: 4673: 4649: 4618: 4596: 4568: 4546: 4518: 4492: 4464: 4405: 4366: 4338: 4310: 4273: 4232: 4201: 4164: 4142: 4129:New York Times 4111: 4074: 4021: 3990: 3962: 3936: 3897: 3856: 3830: 3785: 3759: 3733: 3698: 3677: 3648: 3623: 3597: 3571: 3538: 3512: 3484: 3448: 3422: 3400: 3374: 3353: 3335: 3309: 3291: 3265: 3237: 3204: 3170: 3158:New York Times 3141: 3103: 3068: 3041: 3015: 2987: 2969:. 3 May 2019. 2954: 2928: 2903: 2901: 2900: 2878: 2849: 2799: 2797: 2796: 2773: 2737: 2721:Deutsche Welle 2712: 2686: 2664: 2605: 2603: 2602: 2586: 2571: 2532: 2515: 2469: 2441: 2415: 2382: 2370: 2339: 2304: 2265: 2233: 2207: 2180: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2171: 2155: 2135: 2127:Sergio Vergara 2115: 2113:is imprisoned. 2111:Juan Requesens 2103:Freddy Guevara 2092:Adriana D'Elia 2037: 2029:Edgar Zambrano 2021:Richard Blanco 1985: 1983: 1980: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1927: 1921: 1918:Antonio Tajani 1911: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1898: 1876: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1832: 1818: 1804: 1790: 1785:(as quoted by 1768: 1750: 1728: 1709: 1691: 1675: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1648: 1630: 1612: 1598: 1584: 1570: 1556: 1553:Nicolas Maduro 1534: 1520: 1506: 1488: 1470: 1467:Tomáš Petříček 1463:Czech Republic 1452: 1433: 1429:Jair Bolsonaro 1414: 1392: 1376: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1325: 1322: 1310:Iván Simonovis 1306: 1303: 1295:Carlos Vecchio 1277:Lilian Tintori 1258:general strike 1231:Main article: 1228: 1227:Demonstrations 1225: 1181: 1178: 1120: 1117: 1067:Richard Blanco 1052:Edgar Zambrano 994: 991: 977: 974: 959: 956: 866: 863: 851:BBC World News 832:Lilian Tintori 805:Leopoldo López 773:Leopoldo López 765: 762: 760: 757: 753:Leopoldo López 654:John R. Bolton 637:Omar al-Bashir 569:enacted under 535:Nicolás Maduro 519:Main article: 516: 513: 509:Edgar Zambrano 475:Leopoldo López 463:Nicolás Maduro 449: 448: 445: 444: 437: 435: 432: 425: 424: 420: 419: 416: 415: 405: 403: 400: 393: 392: 388: 387: 384: 383: 371: 369:Leopoldo López 359: 357:Edgar Zambrano 332: 330: 329: 317: 301:Nicolás Maduro 290: 289: 286: 285: 281: 280: 277: 276: 274: 273: 270: 258: 256: 254: 253: 250: 249: 248: 238: 233: 219: 212: 211: 207: 206: 205: 204: 197:Edgar Zambrano 190: 171: 161: 158:Leopoldo López 155: 148:Unsuccessful 146: 142: 141: 128: 126: 122: 121: 118: 114: 113: 95: 83: 76: 75: 74: 65: 58: 57: 56: 47: 46: 45: 44: 43: 42: 39: 38: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9245: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9180: 9178: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9154: 9149: 9145: 9142: 9138: 9137: 9133: 9121: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9107: 9106: 9103: 9101: 9098: 9096: 9093: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9071: 9068: 9066: 9063: 9062: 9060: 9058: 9054: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8984: 8981: 8978: 8976: 8972: 8962: 8959: 8957: 8954: 8952: 8949: 8947: 8944: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8911: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8893: 8890: 8888: 8884: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8851: 8848: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8837: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8810:Justice First 8808: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8797: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8743: 8737: 8734: 8730: 8727: 8726: 8725: 8722: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8703: 8700: 8696: 8693: 8692: 8691: 8688: 8686: 8683: 8681: 8678: 8676: 8673: 8671: 8668: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8645: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8632: 8629: 8628: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8613: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8601: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8549: 8546: 8545: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8535: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8523: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8457:El Carupanazo 8455: 8453: 8450: 8448: 8445: 8443: 8440: 8438: 8435: 8433: 8430: 8428: 8425: 8423: 8420: 8418: 8415: 8413: 8410: 8408: 8405: 8402: 8401:reunification 8398: 8397:Gran Colombia 8395: 8393: 8390: 8388: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8379: 8376: 8373: 8371: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8352: 8347: 8345: 8340: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8329: 8317: 8314: 8311: 8310: 8306: 8305: 8303: 8299: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8257:Guaire miners 8255: 8253: 8250: 8249: 8247: 8243: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8185:Justice First 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8172: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8159: 8157: 8153: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8099: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8056: 8054: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8044: 8043: 8041: 8037: 8034: 8032:Organizations 8030: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8014:J. P. Guanipa 8012: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7992: 7991: 7990: 7989:M. C. Figuera 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7964:V. S. Scarano 7962: 7960: 7957: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7924:Pérez Álvarez 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7857: 7856: 7855: 7852: 7847: 7846: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7832: 7831: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7816: 7814: 7810: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7789: 7786: 7781: 7780: 7779: 7778:M. C. Figuera 7776: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7716: 7715: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7701: 7700: 7699: 7696: 7691: 7690: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7636: 7631: 7630: 7629: 7628:T. El Aissami 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7605: 7603: 7599: 7596: 7592: 7582: 7581:Xiomara Scott 7579: 7577: 7574: 7572: 7571:Fabián Urbina 7569: 7567: 7566:Neomar Lander 7564: 7562: 7559: 7557: 7554: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7536:Paola Ramírez 7534: 7533: 7531: 7527: 7521: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7511: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495:Robert Redman 7494: 7492: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7482: 7479: 7475: 7465: 7462: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7444: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7418: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7383: 7381: 7377: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7362: 7360: 7356: 7350: 7349:Apure clashes 7347: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7339: 7335: 7326: 7325: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7269: 7261: 7258: 7257: 7256: 7255:2019 protests 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7162: 7160: 7156: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7134: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7101:Valencia fire 7099: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7088: 7086: 7082: 7074: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7068:2017 protests 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7037: 7034: 7033: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6998: 6996: 6992: 6986: 6983: 6981: 6978: 6976: 6973: 6972: 6970: 6966: 6958: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6900: 6897: 6896: 6895: 6894:2014 protests 6892: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6884: 6880: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6849: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6832:Amuay tragedy 6830: 6829: 6827: 6823: 6815: 6812: 6811: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6785: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6754: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6704: 6700: 6699:Energy crisis 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6659:Bolivarianism 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6641: 6639: 6635: 6632: 6628: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6603: 6600: 6596: 6589: 6584: 6582: 6577: 6575: 6570: 6569: 6566: 6547: 6546:La Vanguardia 6543: 6537: 6521: 6520: 6515: 6509: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6492:"#COMMUNIQUE" 6486: 6470: 6466: 6460: 6444: 6443: 6438: 6432: 6416: 6410: 6394: 6388: 6372: 6371: 6366: 6360: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6330: 6315:on 2 May 2019 6314: 6310: 6304: 6288: 6284: 6278: 6270: 6266: 6262: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6239: 6232: 6224: 6220: 6216: 6209: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6186: 6170: 6169: 6164: 6158: 6156: 6139: 6135: 6129: 6113: 6109: 6103: 6087: 6083: 6077: 6062: 6058: 6051: 6035: 6031: 6025: 6009: 6005: 5999: 5983: 5977: 5961: 5954: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5926: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5918: 5916: 5899: 5895: 5889: 5874: 5870: 5863: 5855: 5854: 5849: 5842: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5791: 5787: 5780: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5746: 5730: 5726: 5722: 5715: 5699: 5695: 5694: 5689: 5682: 5667:. 11 May 2019 5666: 5662: 5656: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5625: 5610:. 11 May 2019 5609: 5605: 5599: 5584: 5580: 5573: 5557: 5553: 5547: 5532: 5531:New York Post 5528: 5521: 5505: 5498: 5482: 5476: 5460: 5454: 5438: 5431: 5429: 5427: 5410: 5404: 5402: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5369: 5367: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5338: 5336: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5308: 5301: 5285: 5279: 5263: 5262: 5257: 5251: 5249: 5232: 5231: 5226: 5220: 5204: 5197: 5195: 5178: 5171: 5155: 5149: 5133: 5126: 5124: 5108: 5104: 5098: 5082: 5076: 5060: 5059: 5054: 5048: 5032: 5028: 5022: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4980: 4973: 4958:on 9 May 2019 4957: 4953: 4949: 4943: 4927: 4920: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4878: 4872: 4856: 4850: 4834: 4833: 4828: 4822: 4806: 4800: 4784: 4778: 4762: 4758: 4752: 4745:. 1 May 2019. 4744: 4740: 4734: 4719: 4715: 4708: 4706: 4704: 4687: 4680: 4678: 4669: 4668: 4663: 4656: 4654: 4637: 4636: 4631: 4625: 4623: 4606: 4600: 4584: 4583: 4578: 4572: 4556: 4550: 4534: 4533: 4528: 4522: 4507: 4503: 4496: 4480: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4452: 4451: 4446: 4430: 4429: 4424: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4393: 4392: 4387: 4381: 4379: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4354: 4353: 4348: 4342: 4326: 4325: 4320: 4314: 4298: 4297: 4292: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4278: 4269: 4263: 4247: 4243: 4236: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4208: 4206: 4190: 4189: 4184: 4177: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4152: 4146: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4099: 4098: 4093: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4063: 4062: 4061:Efecto Cocuyo 4057: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4009: 4008: 4003: 3997: 3995: 3978: 3977: 3972: 3966: 3951: 3947: 3940: 3925: 3921: 3917: 3916: 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