2008 Lebanon conflict

1394:. Instigated by the recent developments and the strike, pro-government and opposition supporters took the streets coming into conflict with each other at multiple places. Clashes were first reported when government and opposition supporters in a pro-government sector of Beirut exchanged insults and began throwing stones at each other after Hezbollah supporters insisted on blocking the roads. Witnesses said security forces intervened and gunshots were heard, apparently troops firing in the air to disperse the crowds. In the afternoon, verbal violence and stone throwing turned into more violent clashes, with gunfire sporadically going off in the city. Around the city, armed opposition supporters blocked roads including the strategic road towards Beirut international airport, cutting it off from the rest of the city, and roads to the city's sea port. 1469:- who would indeed within two weeks become the country's next president - and his resulting need not to antagonize the March 8 coalition and its Syrian allies may also have influenced his decision not to intervene against Hezbollah according to Nerguizian. The army's decision to refrain from intervention did spark objections from within however. Some saw it as a "missed opportunity" for the army to "signal its objection to domestic military action by any of the country's competing political/sectarian forces." Around 120 Sunni officers later even offered their resignation as response to "the humiliation felt from the military's conduct during the militias' invasion of Beirut" as their resignation letter stated. All of the officers except one later repealed their resignation however. 1583:

international airport. Subsequently, the Lebanese army took a more active stance in the events and announced it had frozen the measures taken by the government and called for all armed militants to withdraw from the streets. In response, Hezbollah announced that it would withdraw its fighters together with other opposition fighters from West Beirut in compliance with the Lebanese army's request, but that a civil disobedience campaign will continue until the group's political demands are met. The next day, Beirut was quiet as control of areas seized by the opposition was handed over to the Lebanese army. Many roads in the capital remained blockaded however, including the strategic airport road, as the opposition continued their campaign of civil disobedience.

754: 220: 78: 1511: 89: 1755: 69: 271: 58: 1370:, the network was regarded by the government as an infringement on public funds since it claimed that it competes with its own and used the Lebanese infrastructure. The cabinet announced that it would uproot the telecommunication network and also ordered the removal of Brigadier General Wafic Shkeir, head of security at Beirut's international airport and considered to be sympathetic to Hezbollah and Amal, on account of failing to deal with the monitoring system. These moves severely antagonized Hezbollah, bringing tensions between the March 8 and March 14 coalitions to a boiling point. 1427: 205: 259: 1746:. Despite Hezbollah's tactical victory on the streets of Lebanon and the securing of it demands in the accord, analysts have pointed out that the events greatly reduced its legitimacy as a popular resistance movement and that it was seen more than ever as a "Shiite militia brutally defending its parochial interests." In addition, it increased the distrust and fear of it among other political parties and heightened domestic opposition to its armed status as a result of the use of its weapons against other Lebanese actors, despite its earlier pledge not to do so. 553:'s head of security after the discovery of a hidden remote-controlled camera monitoring one of the airport's runway and his alleged ties to Hezbollah. Clashes first occurred on May 7 after a general strike called for by the country's union federation to demand higher wages and decry high consumer prices became overshadowed by the government's decisions and escalated into low-level violence between pro-government and opposition protesters. Violence severely escalated the next morning on May 8 after a televised speech by Hezbollah leader 193: 283: 342: 247: 98: 4671: 1494: 1632:

retaliated by killing 3 of the kidnappers. The incident developed into a significant armed clash. Artillery and mortars were used for the first time during these battles. A ceasefire agreement was supposed to take place at 18:00 of the same day, but fighters from both sides continued to exchange fire. Negotiations were ongoing for the PSP members to give up the fight and surrender their positions to the Lebanese Army, but it never happened.

1283: 178: 317: 304: 329: 235: 1341:. Although Jumblatt did not accuse the party directly, he made clear that he thought March 8's Hezbollah was behind the monitoring system's installment. Hezbollah dismissed the accusations, calling the allegation a product of Jumblatt's imagination and saying that those who leveled them were scaremongering and simply parroting a US campaign against it and other groups which are resisting 1502:

capital's western neighbourhoods. The Lebanese Army also stepped in to take over position deserted by pro-government militiamen and in some instance were handed over control of recently conquered position by Hezbollah. In some neighbourhoods, the takeover had been peaceful with opposition fighters facing no resistance as they moved throughout West Beirut.

1442:, an avenue separating Shiite and Sunni areas, later spreading to the western, southern and eastern parts of Beirut where Sunni and Shiite neighborhoods overlapped. Combat was also heard near the office of Lebanon's Sunni religious leader - an ally of the government - and the palatial compound of the Hariri family in Koreitem was hit by 1811:", stating that "this situation goes beyond Lebanese borders." Furthermore, he linked the events to regional geopolitics stating that "the Iranians chose the moment America is weak in the Middle East. The balance of power has completely changed in Lebanon and now we wait to see what new rules Hezbollah, Syria and Iran will lay down." 1490:

two floors. Future TV offices were raided by Hezbollah members who subsequently cut all of its broadcasts. According to Habib Battah, a media analyst, shutting down Future TV was not only a psychological attack on Future Movement's supporters, but also gave the opposition a monopoly on propaganda messages.

1423:) in the region. Hezbollah had the right to defend itself, he argued, and metaphorically stated that they would cut-off the hand of anyone that would touch the Resistance. "All red lines had been crossed", according to Nasrallah, and the actions therefore amounted to no mere than a "declaration of war." 1741:

incitement. The accord was considered a victory for the Lebanese opposition as they secured their key demands for veto-wielding power in the new government and a new electoral law which could benefit the opposition in the upcoming 2009 parliamentary elections. In addition, the question of Hezbollah's

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After half a week of deliberations in Doha, Lebanese political leaders signed an accord on May 21 that brought an immediate end to the 16-month political crisis that had been plaguing the country. Following the principle of "no victor, no vanquished", which entails that no political party or sect can

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lines, as had happened during the civil war. Other factors that as to why the army did not act in line with the cabinet are, according to political scientist Aram Nerguizian, the apprehension among army commanders at how the cabinet chose to address the issue of Hezbollah's telecommunication network.

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report published in June 2008 reports 69 fatalities, among which civilians, and more than 180 wounded. A Human Rights Watch Report from 2009 states a minimum of 71 deaths. In an article from September 2008 entailing a series of interviews on the events, Beatriz Martínez and Francesco Volpicella note

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In its response to these allegations, the Lebanese cabinet announced that it regarded the telecommunication network and the monitoring system as a breach of law, undermining the state's sovereignty and the security of its citizens. Therefore, it declared that the matter would be referred not only to

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accused Iran of "backing what happened in Lebanon, a coup" and called for "all regional parties to respect the independence and sovereignty of Lebanon and to stop meddling in its affairs and inciting sectarian tensions". He further accused Hezbollah of taking "violent, offensive measures, which aim

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camera crew suffered injuries while trying to film the fighting and were evacuated by the Lebanese army. Meanwhile, in Tripoli, clashes left one person dead and at least six others wounded. Now taking a proactive role in the events, the Army stated that if the clashes did not end by Tuesday May 13,

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municipal police were kidnapped by Hezbollah. Soon after the news of the kidnapping spread, the mayor of Aley assembled a group of PSP fighters and went up to Hill 888. As they reached the hill they were attacked by Hezbollah gunmen who wounded a few of the PSP and municipality members. PSP members

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and Future-owned Armenian radio station Sevan had been raided by opposition fighters and forced to close. Future TV and Al Mustaqbal were particularly targeted by opposition fighters. RPG missiles were launched from empty adjacent buildings under construction to Mustaqbal's offices, setting fire to

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At the core of commencement of the protests was the unhappiness of Hezbollah with the division of power under the current status quo and the pro-Western course of the Lebanese government. It argued that too much executive power was in the hands of the Future Movement, the primary political party of

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to Beirut's airport, sea port and access roads, an imposement of an air ban against Syria by the US and immediate US military aid to their own militias. PSP leader Walid Jumblatt stated that he still stood behind his support for the government's decisions that week, however he acknowledged that he

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area tried to attack the hills near Aley but they were beaten back. After that Hezbollah tried to go on the offensive again and attacked their rival's positions. The Druze fighters had fought the Hezbollah militants from dug-in positions left over from the 1975–90 Civil War. The Druze used hunting

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Coincidentally, a day after the cabinet's decision, on Wednesday May 7, the Lebanese General Workers Union had planned a general strike to demand higher wages and decry high consumer prices. The strike turned violent as the opposition threw their weight behind the strike, paralyzing large parts of

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which was to go to Lebanon and mediate in the crisis. The League Council also called for a halt to the fighting, the withdrawal of militiamen from the streets, the facilitation of the Lebanese Army to restore calm and talks between the Lebanese political leaders. On May 15, after a round of talks

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Overpowered by Hezbollah's military apparatus and besieged in his residence, Saad Hariri had by then ordered militia members loyal to his Future Movement to stand down. The opposition had now firmly moved in and taken over abandoned positions of pro-government fighters, seizing large parts of the

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Fighting from the previous day lasted throughout the night and only stopped for a short time a little bit after dawn on May 9, 2008. However, fighting quickly resumed after the brief lull. Pro-government militias were however no match to the Hezbollah led opposition forces. All over West Beirut,

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and therefore was deemed illegitimate. When Prime Minister Siniora refused to resign his cabinet, Hezbollah and its allies on March 8 called on its supporters in early December 2006 to protest against the perceived illegitimacy of the cabinet of Siniora to increase pressure on it. In the face of

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to blast at the advancing Hezbollah fighters. Opposition forces bombarded the pro-government Druze area with artillery while ground forces attacked Druze positions using rockets and machine guns. By morning, the Druze fighters agreed to cease hostilities and several villages loyal to Lebanon's

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After Shi'a ministers of Hezbollah and Amal had resigned from the cabinet in December 2006 in protest against a decision concerning the Lebanon Tribunal, the opposition demanded the immediate resignation of the cabinet as it now was unbalanced with regard to the proportional representation of

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citizen of Lebanese descent on vacation in Lebanon, who was trying to get information at the SSNP offices about evacuating from the city. The Australian father of four, Fadi Sheikh, reportedly had his hands and feet cut off. The SSNP says Fadi Sheikh was a member of the party - but was not a

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Faced with the escalated situation as a result of the cabinet's decisions, Prime Minister Fouad Siniora announced on May 10 that the cabinet would handover the issue of telecommunication network to the army and, in addition, announced the reinstatement of the head of security of Beirut's

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in 2005. He stated that the telecommunication network was not a simple commercial operation aimed merely at generating profit for the organization, but "integral and fundamental" as part of its military apparatus. He claimed that his opponents had already known about the existence of the

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weapons was postponed, to be dealt with in a future national dialogue. Nonetheless, the opposition had to give concessions regarding the reappointment of Fouad Siniora as Prime Minister, the distribution of ministerial portfolios and the distribution of parliamentary seats in certain

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with a blocking third for the opposition; (3) adaption of the electoral law aimed at redistricting based on the 1960 electoral law; (4) a commitment by the signatories not to resort to violence for political gains; (5) initiation of a national dialogue on the promotion of Lebanon's

557:. In his speech, Nasrallah responded to the government's decision to declare the organization's telecommunication network illegal by calling it a declaration of war on the organization, shortly after which fighting between pro-government and opposition militias broke out in 1861:

Iran's Foreign Ministry Spokesman Mohammad-Ali Hosseini has called on national unity among the Lebanese adding that the situation can be "managed through talks and consensus-building." Hosseini blamed the U.S. and Israel for the ongoing hostilities in Lebanon.

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massive protests, Siniora and the remaining ministers in his cabinet still refused to step down as long as they enjoyed the support of the majority of the parliament. As protestors kept up the pressure on the government with their encampment near the

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which was to restore order in Beirut in response to "Hezbollah's military challenge to the Government of Lebanon." Furthermore, he feared that a Hezbollah victory would lead to the fall of the Siniora cabinet and the "Iranian takeover of Lebanon."

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pro-government Druze leader Walid Jumblatt had been handed over to the army. The kidnapped municipality police members were released by Hezbollah on May 12 in exchange of at least 30 Hezbollah members that were kidnapped by PSP in Mount Barook.

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photographer who witnessed the shooting said the attack came as a procession of 200 people headed toward a nearby cemetery to bury a 24-year-old pro-government supporter killed in previous fighting. At least 14 people were killed in the town of

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with Lebanon's prime political leaders, the Ministerial Committee announced an initial agreement that marked a cessation of all hostilities and entailed that major Lebanese political leaders would enter into a national dialogue the next day in

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in South Beirut with cities and towns in South and East Lebanon in predominantly Shiite areas. Although this was known to the government, it was now claimed that the network was being extended to the predominantly Christian and Druze areas of

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condemned Hezbollah's actions with a spokesman denouncing the organization as a "destabilizing force" which had turned "its arms against the Lebanese people and challenged Lebanon's security forces for control of the streets." In addition,

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government and assigned a role played in the events to the latter. Hani Hammoud, a senior adviser to Saad Hariri referred to the events as a "one-sided civil war" with the result that "Iran has taken over the country" Christian leaders

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After a day of relative quiet in Beirut renewed gunfire was heard in the commercial area of Hamra in the western part of the city shortly after midnight on May 12. The fighting occurred near the home of Future Movement leader

1456:, criticizing the actions of Hezbollah as a threat to the unity of the country and calling on Nasrallah to stop the descendance towards civil war. Faced with large-scale inter-communal violence erupting all over the city, the 2743:"Le chef du PSP révèle l'existence d'un réseau de télécommunications du Hezbollah reliant le Sud au Hermel Joumblatt met en garde contre une opération sécuritaire d'envergure visant la piste 17 de l'aéroport de Beyrouth" 1724:

eliminate one of the other political parties or sects, the Doha Agreement was regarded as a compromise deal between government and opposition demands. The accord stipulated (1) the immediate election of Army Commander

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Secondly, the perception among them that cabinet also did not sufficiently consult the army prior to their decision to dismiss Beirut's airport head of security. Thirdly, the presidential ambitions of Army Commander

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For further information on how this principle has the effect that past violence continues to remain a concern in the present and facilitate the feelings of emergence of future violence see: Hermez, Sami (2017).

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runway 17, which was frequently being used by March 14 politicians. In March 14 circles, fear was that the monitoring could be used for a possible attack on its leaders, as Lebanon had faced a series of

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of September 2004 denied the organization the right to retain its arms. By 2008, the military strength of the organization had grown to such levels that it was widely considered to be stronger than the

666:, thereby compromising Lebanon's sovereignty and security. In addition, the period was marked by political strife between the March 8 and March 14 coalitions over the international investigation on the 1960: 1324:

In May 2008, the tensions between the pro-government and opposition parties escalated when the cabinet announced a series of security decisions. Tensions began with revelations on Friday May 2 made by

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fire. More barricades were set up, closing major highways. Opposition militants eventually overran the positions of pro-government militias in West Beirut and burnt-down three pro-government offices.

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to prosecute the perpetrators this assassination and the question of Hezbollah's armed status. Hezbollah was the only organization allowed to retain its weapons after the ratification of the

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spiralled out of control, when the government's decision to dismantle Hezbollah's telecommunication system, which led to Hezbollah seizing control of majority Sunni neighbourhoods in west

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telecommunication network years before and in drawing attention to the timing of the decision, insinuated that the cabinet's actions were aimed at obstructing the forces of the

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urged the US to provide more support to the March 14 coalition. Believing that a Hezbollah victory could be imminent, they proposed several ideas, including extending

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station in the morning of May 8. He referred to the cabinet's decisions of that week as "despotic" and having inaugurated a new phase in Lebanese history, similar to

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in late 2007 as the March 8 and March 14 blocs could not agree on his successor, leaving the country in a presidential vacuum further worsening the political crisis.

3869: 1102: 385: 708:, the prime ministerial office in downtown Beirut, Siniora and his minister were under virtual house arrest due to security concerns since the assassination of 5325: 1830: 1338: 1968: 5161: 4627: 4622: 3992: 3385: 2427: 2029: 1821:

and a Hezbollah ally whose supporters did not participate in the fighting, spoke in more neutral terms, calling for the return for normality on the streets.

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shows, however, that Prince Saud al-Faisal had proposed to the US Ambassador in Saudi Arabia the creation of an "Arab force" to be supported by the US and

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militiamen. In the following days, fighting between pro-government and opposition militias spread to other parts of the country with major clashes in the

5916: 5166: 4854: 3445: 1345:. In addition to the monitoring system, Jumblatt stated that Hezbollah had laid down a fiber optic telecommunication network connecting its powerbase in 1692:, which had been involved as a mediator in Lebanese political crises since 2005, decided to intervene in Lebanon at an emergency meeting on May 11. The 1870:

The exact total number of casualties as resulting from the fighting in May remains uncertain, but figures range from approximately 70 to 110 deaths. A

585:, reached on May 21, 2008, brought an end to the 18-month political feud that exploded into fighting and nearly drove the country to a new civil war. 5872: 1439: 4416: 3115: 5962: 4966: 4960: 4637: 3931: 3910: 3508: 3241: 712:, one of Siniora's ministers, in late 2006. With Siniora not giving in, the opposition organized a general strike in January 2007, which ended in 5686: 5070: 1803: 1332:, a key politician in the ruling March 14 alliance. He announced that a remote-controlled camera had been set up in a container park overlooking 683: 561:. Within two days, Hezbollah-led opposition fighters had seized control of several West Beirut majority Sunni neighbourhoods from pro-government 5989:

Prolonged conflicts are listed in the decade when initiated; ongoing conflicts are marked italic, and conflicts with +100,000 killed with bold.

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Hezbollah sympathizers and Sunni supporters of the government in the neighbourhoods of Jabal Mohsen and Bab al-Tabbaneh, two neighbourhoods in

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coalition, at the time holding the majority of cabinet and parliamentary seats. The March 14 coalition was made up of the primarily Sunni

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in which March 8 would have at least a third plus one of the cabinet seats in order to grant them the ability to veto cabinet decisions.

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Minutes after Nasrallah's speech, heavy street battles began between pro-government and opposition militias. Fighting erupted along

6026: 5477: 4652: 2458:"In Lebanon, Saniora stiffens his resistance / Prime minister rallies his backers, mostly Sunnis, against Hezbollah and its allies" 1379: 17: 4390: 5635: 2457: 1077: 1038: 5709: 3678: 2884: 2815: 2784: 2113: 415: 5297: 1647:

from the mainly Shi'ite southern end of the Bekaa Valley. That night Hezbollah's fighters deployed from southern Beirut to the

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it would intervene and use force if necessary to end the fighting. The next days saw only limited and sporadic fighting.

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clashes leaving multiple dead and hundreds wounded. Political deadlock took a new turn with the end of term of President

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pro-government militias had lost ground. Media outlets related to the pro-government Future Movement, amongst which

753: 5903: 5539: 5446: 5287: 4919: 1835: 1450:, leader of the Future Movement, quickly responded to the outbreak of violence, describing the events as a form of 1304: 840: 4000: 3393: 1773:

Many March 14 leaders decried the events as a coup, pointed towards the Hezbollah's intricate relationship to the

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on the other side, was sparked by a government move to shut down Hezbollah's telecommunication network and remove

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in clashes between government supporters and opponents. Seven people who were Hezbollah supporters were killed.

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As fighting in Beirut dwindled down, violence began to spread to other parts of the country, in particular the

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had underestimated the response from Hezbollah. Regarding Hezbollah's next moves he told reporters to "ask

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in a Beirut street, Destroyed car in Beirut, picture of armed fighters taken from the Crowne Plaza in Beirut.

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militant. He was just in the wrong place at the wrong time. One other person was killed in fighting in

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and (6) a commitment by signatories to abstain from resorting to rhetoric of treason or political and

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March 14, which it in their view misused by too closely aligned with Western states, most notably the

6031: 5762: 5383: 5377: 4720: 4051: 3353: 2580: 1997: 1729: 1627:. Most of the fighting was concentrated on Hill 888. Fighting started when four Druze members of the 1351: 1147: 692: 632: 542: 263: 3847: 6011: 5833: 5421: 5178: 5149: 4954: 4446:"US embassy cables: Saudi prince urges need for 'security response' to Hezbollah threat in Lebanon" 3813: 1478: 1443: 1201: 1127: 1086: 990: 945: 88: 4511:"REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1701 (2006)" 3968: 1526:

south of Beirut and the north of the country. In the evening of May 9 sporadic clashes erupted in

780: 68: 5757: 5752: 5330: 5200: 5019: 4925: 4818: 4714: 1818: 1269: 700: 624: 577:

brokered an immediate end to hostilities and a pledge from warring parties to send emissaries to

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and two soldiers died in fighting east of Beirut. Heavy fighting had also broken out between

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that the official number of casualties up to 15 May is 80 deaths and more than 200 wounded.

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also accused Hezbollah of staging a coup, with the former calling on moderate forces in the

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region of north Lebanon, as about 100 pro-Future Movement gunmen attacked an office of the

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The fighting between pro-government and opposition militias affiliated to respectively the

219: 4029: 8: 5949: 5809: 5714: 5642: 5461: 5451: 5369: 5357: 5347: 5241: 5037: 4358: 1808: 1460:

decided not to intervene in the clashes for fear of sparking divisions in the army along

1067: 460: 410: 3744: 3314: 3007: 1933: 1908: 1545:, whose shop was previously burned down by Sunni militants, leaving six people dead. An 5747: 5630: 5599: 5545: 5513: 5456: 5292: 5183: 4948: 4184: 3996: 3389: 3334: 2201: 1743: 1671: 1653: 1541:

On May 10, 2008, a funeral procession was attacked by a shop-owner affiliated with the

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This article is about the conflict in Lebanon in 2008. For the conflict in 2007, see

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mandated the formation of a Ministerial Committee headed by the Foreign Minister of

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Fregonese, Sara (2012). "Beyond the 'Weak State': Hybrid Sovereignties in Beirut".

2185: 2148: 1838: 1576: 1562:. 10 of the dead were SSNP members, three were government loyalists and one was an 1546: 1403: 1191: 1112: 1107: 1014: 915: 897: 612: 604: 570: 554: 435: 334: 225: 35: 3178:

Salloukh, B.; Barakat, R.; Al-Habbal, J.; Khattab, L. & Mikaelian, S. (2015).

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Salloukh, B.; Barakat, R.; Al-Habbal, J.; Khattab, L. & Mikaelian, S. (2015).

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The battles at Aley stopped for several hours, but the two sides clashed again in

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notorious for its sectarian violence, leading thousands to flee their homes.

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May 7, 2008 – May 14, 2008 (main phase, sporadic clashes continued into July)

3620:"The World Today - Fighting in Lebanon claims life of Melbourne taxi driver" 5319: 5221: 4907: 4421: 4267:"Uncertainty deepens in Lebanon as Hezbollah seizes control of west Beirut" 1795: 1790:

to intervene and asked the international community not to stand idly by. A

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also showed how on May 11, Gemayel, together with Social Affairs Minister

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where a woman was killed. Also, eight people were killed near the town of

1505: 5983: 5441: 5393: 5388: 5117: 5099: 3606:"Australian Fahdi Sheikh's body mutilated by Beirut mob | The Australian" 2219: 2176:

Dakhlallah, Farah (2012-03-01). "The Arab League in Lebanon: 2005–2008".

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pronounced the continuing support by the US for the Lebanese government.

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After a tense night with sporadic gunfire, Hezbollah's secretary-general

1359: 574: 503: 346: 309: 4602:"Walking the tight wire - Conversations on the May 2008 Lebanese crisis" 491:: أحداث 7 أيار) was a brief intrastate military conflict in May 2008 in 4570:"Walking the tight wire: Conversations on the May 2008 Lebanese crisis" 4025: 1993: 1787: 496: 3354:"Hezbollah Seizes Swath of Beirut From U.S.-Backed Lebanon Government" 2357:

Beware of small states : Lebanon, battleground of the Middle East

1998:"Hezbollah Seizes Swath of Beirut From U.S.-Backed Lebanon Government" 4848: 4830: 4708: 3964: 3843: 3780: 3640:"12 killed in pro and anti-government gun battle in northern Lebanon" 3449: 1620: 1600: 1493: 1072: 789: 616: 530: 499: 239: 97: 4357:

Macleod, Hugh; Stratton, Rami Aysha Allegra; agencies (2008-05-12).

1406:

addressed the country in a speech televised on Hezbollah affiliated

5796: 5736: 4159:

Dakhlallah, Farah (2012). "The Arab League in Lebanon: 2005–2008".

3322: 2810: 2779: 2770: 2143: 2108: 1572: 1407: 891: 801: 607:

political coalition which opposed the government of Prime Minister

2877:"LEBANON: High prices, low wages feed violent political stand-off" 1652:

guns, AK 47s and other machine guns, RPGs and allegedly even 23mm

115:, Future TV building in Beirut after getting arsoned, flag of the 4670: 4114:

War is coming : between past and future violence in Lebanon.

3711: 1648: 1616: 1059: 492: 397: 140: 5986:

and later conflicts (after 1914) of at least 100 fatalities each

4479:"WikiLeaks cables: Saudis proposed Arab force to invade Lebanon" 3707:"Hezbollah fighters retreat from Beirut after 37 die in clashes" 5078: 1640: 1636: 1608: 1420: 1391: 1346: 1342: 785: 600: 558: 511: 488: 112: 4205:

Knudsen, Are; Kerr, Michael (2012). Knudsen & Kerr (ed.).

3777:"Lebanese army revokes government decisions against Hezbollah" 2391:

Knudsen, Are; Kerr, Michael (2012). Knudsen & Kerr (ed.).

5127: 1697: 1644: 1604: 1568: 1555: 1527: 648: 4599: 3932:"Hezbollah-led forces take revolt to mountains above Beirut" 1518:

were raised as a victory during the unrest on May 9th, 2008.

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Martínez, Beatriz; Francesco Volpicella (September 2008).

4333:"In show of might, Hezbollah takes control of West Beirut" 4238:

Saab, Bilal (2008). "Rethinking Hezbollah's Disarmament".

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As fighting was spreading to other parts of Lebanon, the

4052:"Lebanese Army Says It Will Use Force to Quell Fighting" 3745:"Hizbullah agrees to pull its gunmen off Beirut streets" 1961:"Nasrallah hails May 7 as 'glorious day' for Resistance" 4356: 2069:"Hezbollah phone network spat sparks Beirut street war" 1890:

Lebanon bombings and assassinations (2004-present)#2008

1506:

May 10 - May 12: Fighting spreads to Aley and the North

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Armed fighters near the Crowne Plaza in Beirut on May 9

1412:

the assassination of former prime minister Rafic Hariri

639:. On the other side of the political divide stood the 4116:

Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc.

3008:"Violence escalates between Sunni and Shia in Beirut" 1909:"Violence escalates between Sunni and Shia in Beirut" 4628:

Deal for Lebanese Factions Leaves Hezbollah Stronger

2581:"Lebanon Official Critical of Syria Is Assassinated" 1397: 1384: 691:. To ensure its interests, Hezbollah demanded a new 615:

in 2005, the March 8 coalition was up of the Shiite

4143:

https://peacemaker.un.org/lebanon-dohaagreement2008

668:

assassination of former prime minister Rafic Hariri

4567: 4417:"Saudi Arabia criticizes Iran's Hezbollah support" 3531:"Melbourne man killed in Lebanon 'was on holiday'" 1955: 1953: 107:Top to bottom, and left to right: A Lebanese Army 5764:Islamic insurgency in Saudi Arabia (2000–present) 4568:Martínez, Beatriz; Volpicella, Francesco (2008). 3592:"Melbourne dad mutilated in Lebanon | Herald Sun" 5998: 3840:"Saturday's live coverage of the war in Lebanon" 3415:"Lebanon death toll up following northern clash" 2456:Shadid, Anthony (Washington Post) (2006-12-15). 5917:Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present) 3803: 3801: 3378: 2765: 2763: 2319:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 224–226. 2315:Knudsen, Are (2012). Knudsen & Kerr (ed.). 2139:"Lebanon's Fighting Spreads to Druze Heartland" 1950: 1660: 4327: 4325: 4022:"Lebanon army gives gunmen deadline to disarm" 3961:"Monday's live coverage of the war in Lebanon" 3217:"Hezbollah gunmen seize large areas of Beirut" 3100: 1358:the Lebanese judicial system, but also to the 647:and a number of smaller parties including the 599:On December 1, 2006, a series of protests and 393: 5227:Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine 5064: 4653: 3697: 3695: 3303:Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 2948:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 94–95. 2847:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 93–94. 2706:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 91–92. 2550:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 80–85. 2485:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 77–78. 2286:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 76–77. 1305: 379: 4633:Doha Compromise is 'No Cave In to Hezbollah' 3809:"Day 5: Lebanese dare to hope worst is over" 3798: 3561:"Day 5: Lebanese dare to hope worst is over" 3352:Worth, Robert F.; Bakri, Nada (2008-05-10). 2760: 1749: 627:and a number of smaller parties such as the 5080:List of modern conflicts in the Middle East 4837:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag) 4739:Armenian Revolutionary Federation (Tashnag) 4623:Lebanon: Chronicles of an attempted suicide 4322: 4209:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 7–8. 4204: 3242:"Hezbollah militants take over West Beirut" 3180:Politics of sectarianism in postwar Lebanon 3147:Politics of sectarianism in postwar Lebanon 3057:"Saad Hariri speech on may 8 2008 - part 1" 2798: 2395:. London: C. Hurst & Co. pp. 6–8. 2390: 1683: 5071: 5057: 4660: 4646: 4158: 3769: 3692: 3446:"Six killed during Beirut funeral: medics" 3351: 2909:"Lebanon political conflict turns violent" 2428:"Lebanon: Hizbollah's Weapons Turn Inward" 2175: 2030:"Lebanon: Hizbollah's Weapons Turn Inward" 1988: 1824: 1759:United States Assistant Secretary of State 1639:to the southeast shortly before midnight. 1312: 1298: 386: 372: 4476: 4207:Lebanon : after the Cedar Revolution 4161:Cambridge Review of International Affairs 4014: 3987: 3985: 3868:Nicholas Blanford/Qmatiyeh (2008-05-13). 3300: 3078:. London: C. Hurst & Co. p. 96. 2987:"Nasrallah addresses Lebanon - 08 May 08" 2666:. London: C. Hurst & Co. p. 99. 2393:Lebanon : after the Cedar Revolution 2317:Lebanon : after the Cedar Revolution 2212: 2178:Cambridge Review of International Affairs 1611:and soon expanded to cover many spots in 723: 5963:Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) 4264: 3742: 3507:. The Hawkesbury Gazette. Archived from 3274: 2769: 2578: 2136: 2066: 1753: 1587:Battle of Mount Barook and Aley District 1509: 1492: 1425: 1380:Timeline of the 2008 fighting in Lebanon 1339:political assassinations in recent times 5636:Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution 4200: 4198: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3528: 3497: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 2939: 2937: 2935: 2933: 2931: 2929: 2422: 2420: 2314: 2132: 2130: 581:for a mediation process. The resulting 14: 5999: 4440: 4438: 4414: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4083: 4081: 4079: 3982: 3701: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3002: 3000: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2455: 2386: 2384: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 1591:On May 9, heavy fighting broke out in 1434:in Beirut, on May 9, during the unrest 1093:Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon 699:religious groups as stipulated by the 27:Intrastate conflict in Lebanon in 2008 5052: 4641: 4391:"Hezbollah ends west Beirut takeover" 4300: 4298: 4296: 4294: 4141:Doha Agreement. 2008. Retrieved from 4049: 3901:"Hizballah's Toughest Foe in Lebanon" 3870:"Hizballah's Toughest Foe in Lebanon" 3475:"Aussie's death sparks Lebanon alert" 3386:"Beirut streets 'calm' after clashes" 3073: 2946:Lebanon : a country in fragments 2943: 2903: 2901: 2842: 2704:Lebanon : a country in fragments 2701: 2661: 2548:Lebanon : a country in fragments 2545: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2483:Lebanon : a country in fragments 2480: 2451: 2449: 2354: 2281: 2243: 2171: 2169: 2167: 2165: 1885:2006–2008 Lebanese political protests 1768: 1728:as president; (2) the formation of a 1678: 1133:Syrian Civil War spillover in Lebanon 1021:Double Qaim-Maqamate of Mount Lebanon 514:, and ended with the adoption of the 367: 4237: 4195: 3731: 3541:from the original on 7 November 2012 3505:"Australian killed in Lebanon: DFAT" 3485:from the original on 8 November 2012 3263: 3182:. London: Pluto Press. p. 128. 3149:. London: Pluto Press. p. 129. 3129: 2926: 2417: 2127: 2098: 2096: 573:. On May 15, an intervention by the 495:between opposition militias (mainly 4435: 4147: 4076: 3625:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 3204: 2997: 2970: 2829: 2728: 2688: 2638:"Lebanese presidency ends in chaos" 2613:"Strike plunges Lebanon into chaos" 2381: 2341: 2270: 2047: 1804:UN Security Council Resolution 1701 684:UN Security Council Resolution 1559 24: 5873:Insurgency in Egypt (2013–present) 5298:1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine 4593: 4291: 3671:"Lebanese army sends troops north" 2898: 2806:"Beirut to axe Hezbollah telecoms" 2532: 2515:"Hezbollah ministers quit cabinet" 2446: 2237: 2220:"Lebanon rivals agree crisis deal" 2162: 2104:"Hezbollah takes over west Beirut" 529:political parties on one side and 25: 6048: 5710:1987 Sharjawi coup d'état attempt 4616: 4265:Blanford, Nicholas (2008-05-09). 2775:"Hezbollah in airport spying row" 2093: 2067:Blanford, Nicholas (2008-05-09). 1849:at an annihilation of people." A 1712: 1643:separates the Druze heartland of 1398:May 8 - May 9: Takeover of Beirut 1385:May 7: Protests and minor clashes 5748:Terror campaign in Egypt (1990s) 4669: 4252:10.1111/j.1475-4967.2008.00361.x 3993:"Fresh clashes in north Lebanon" 3743:Stratton, Allegra (2008-05-10). 3681:from the original on 14 May 2008 3573:from the original on 17 May 2008 3427:from the original on 15 May 2008 3108:"Gunbattles break out in Beirut" 3033:"Hezbollah 'seizes west Beirut'" 2887:from the original on 5 June 2008 2818:from the original on 10 May 2008 2579:Slackman, Michael (2006-11-22). 2116:from the original on 11 May 2008 1798:and Telecommunications Minister 1764:discussing the unrest in Lebanon 1373: 1281: 752: 340: 327: 315: 302: 281: 269: 257: 245: 233: 218: 203: 191: 176: 96: 87: 76: 67: 56: 6027:Syrian Social Nationalist Party 5930:Yemeni civil war (2014–present) 5899:Syrian War spillover in Lebanon 5653:1979–1980 Shia uprising in Iraq 4733:Syrian Social Nationalist Party 4561: 4532: 4503: 4470: 4415:Shihri, Abdullah (2008-05-13). 4408: 4383: 4350: 4258: 4231: 4135: 4105: 4050:Worth, Robert F. (2008-05-13). 4043: 3953: 3924: 3893: 3861: 3832: 3821:from the original on 2008-05-17 3663: 3652:from the original on 2011-05-22 3632: 3612: 3598: 3584: 3553: 3522: 3467: 3438: 3407: 3345: 3294: 3234: 3171: 3118:from the original on 9 May 2008 3076:Lebanon: a country in fragments 3067: 3049: 3025: 2869: 2845:Lebanon: a country in fragments 2787:from the original on 6 May 2008 2664:Lebanon: a country in fragments 2655: 2630: 2605: 2572: 2507: 2474: 2308: 2284:Lebanon: a country in fragments 2246:Lebanon: a country in fragments 1516:Syrian Social Nationalist Party 109:M113 armoured personnel carrier 5014:Popular Nasserist Organization 4867:Popular Nasserist Organization 4477:MacAskill, Ewen (2010-12-07). 3529:Jackson, Andra (12 May 2008). 2022: 1982: 1926: 1901: 1844:Saudi Foreign Minister Prince 1334:Beirut international airport's 678:, which brought an end to the 508:18-month-long political crisis 13: 1: 5700:1986 Egyptian conscripts riot 5341:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran 4306:"Fighting spreads in Lebanon" 4089:"Reactions to Doha agreement" 4028:. 12 May 2008. Archived from 2248:. London: C. Hurst & Co. 1895: 1865: 670:, the creation of the future 603:began in Lebanon, led by the 588: 5904:Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) 5891:Turkish involvement in Syria 5775:al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 5606:Political violence in Turkey 5540:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 5447:Yemeni–Adenese clan violence 5326:Italian bombing of Palestine 5288:1935–1936 Iraqi Shia revolts 5237:Arab separatism in Khuzestan 4676:Political parties in Lebanon 4173:10.1080/09557571.2011.646241 2190:10.1080/09557571.2011.646241 1661:Clashes in Hamra and Tripoli 1366:. In addition to infringing 1138:Lebanese presidential crisis 1098:Syrian occupation of Lebanon 426:Bab al-Tabbaneh–Jabal Mohsen 7: 5156:Turkish War of Independence 5140:Unification of Saudi Arabia 5008:Progressive Socialist Party 4771:Progressive Socialist Party 1878: 1597:Progressive Socialist Party 1326:Progressive Socialist Party 1123:2007 North Lebanon conflict 1027:Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate 652:Progressive Socialist Party 595:2006–2008 Lebanese protests 210:Progressive Socialist Party 34:. For the war in 2006, see 10: 6053: 5821:Iran–Israel proxy conflict 5815:Houthi insurgency in Yemen 5804:Balochi insurgency in Iran 5780:1999 Shia uprising in Iraq 5616:1977 Shia uprising in Iraq 5611:Islamist uprising in Syria 5589:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 5478:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 5364:Kurdish separatism in Iran 5283:Goharshad Mosque rebellion 2432:International Crisis Group 2359:. New York: Nation Books. 1792:leaked US diplomatic cable 1716: 1702:League's Secretary General 1377: 1118:2006–08 political protests 592: 466:2023 Ain al-Hilweh clashes 451:Syrian civil war spillover 29: 5979: 5942: 5847: 5788: 5728: 5661: 5579:Black September in Jordan 5571: 5470: 5414: 5311: 5255: 5209: 5086: 5033: 5000: 4938: 4885: 4808: 4798: 4780: 4748: 4721:Lebanese Democratic Party 4692: 4682: 4604:. Transnational Institute 4271:Christian Science Monitor 3479:The Sydney Morning Herald 2073:Christian Science Monitor 1750:Reactions to the fighting 1730:national unity government 1603:. The clashes started in 1143:Maritime boundary dispute 693:national unity government 406: 357: 352: 295: 168: 152:March 8 alliance victory 123: 50: 45: 6022:Wars involving Hezbollah 5681:Kurdish–Turkish conflict 5676:1980 Turkish coup d'état 5495:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 5427:1953 Iranian coup d'état 5422:1952 Egyptian revolution 5150:1919 Egyptian revolution 5133:Mount Lebanon starvation 4955:Lebanese Communist Party 3814:The Daily Star (Lebanon) 3284:Arab Media & Society 3277:"Lebanon's media battle" 1684:Arab League intervention 1615:including the cities of 1128:2008 conflict in Lebanon 991:Emirate of Mount Lebanon 416:1961 coup d'état attempt 18:2008 conflict in Lebanon 5910:War in Iraq (2013–2017) 5758:Iraqi Kurdish Civil War 5753:Yemeni Civil War (1994) 5563:1966 Syrian coup d'état 5490:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 5331:Allied invasion of Iraq 5278:Saudi–Yemeni War (1934) 5201:Mahmud Barzanji revolts 5020:National Dialogue Party 4819:Free Patriotic Movement 4715:Free Patriotic Movement 3275:Cochrane, Paul (2008). 2749:(in French). 2008-05-03 1851:leaked diplomatic cable 1825:International reactions 1819:Free Patriotic Movement 1709:for further mediation. 1595:between pro-government 625:Free Patriotic Movement 6017:Wars involving Lebanon 5855:2011 Bahraini uprising 5839:South Yemen insurgency 5720:Abu Nidal's executions 5705:1986 Damascus bombings 5484:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 5336:Syria–Lebanon campaign 5106:Middle Eastern theatre 4920:National Liberal Party 3074:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2944:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2843:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2702:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2662:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2546:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2481:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2282:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 2244:Arsan, Andrew (2018). 1765: 1519: 1498: 1479:Al Mustaqbal Newspaper 1435: 1078:Palestinian insurgency 724:May 2008 controversies 296:Commanders and leaders 5695:South Yemen civil war 5594:Shatt al-Arab clashes 5519:Mar. 1963 Syrian coup 5508:North Yemen civil war 5457:1958 Iraqi revolution 5384:1948 Arab–Israeli War 5378:Arab–Israeli conflict 5247:Sheikh Said rebellion 5111:Battle of Robat Karim 4940:17 October Revolution 4914:Independence Movement 2355:Hirst, David (2010). 1836:US Secretary of State 1757: 1719:Doha Agreement (2008) 1513: 1496: 1458:Lebanese Armed Forces 1429: 1158:2020 Beirut explosion 1103:2005 Lebanon bombings 1039:Allied administration 701:Lebanese Constitution 689:Lebanese Armed Forces 637:Arab Democratic Party 547:Arab Democratic Party 502:) and pro-government 481:2008 Lebanon conflict 456:17 October Revolution 353:Casualties and losses 288:Arab Democratic Party 157:Doha Agreement (2008) 46:2008 Lebanon conflict 32:2007 Lebanon conflict 5834:Fatah–Hamas conflict 5770:Operation Desert Fox 5743:1991 Iraqi uprisings 5737:Gulf War (1990–1991) 5648:Grand Mosque seizure 5626:Yemenite War of 1979 5584:Yemenite War of 1972 5524:Nov. 1963 Iraqi coup 5514:Feb. 1963 Iraqi coup 5268:Ahmed Barzani revolt 5179:Turkish–Armenian War 3566:Daily Star (Lebanon) 1735:internal sovereignty 934:Kingdom of Jerusalem 5982:This list includes 5950:2021 Beirut clashes 5810:2004 Qamishli riots 5687:Turkey–PKK conflict 5643:1979 Qatif Uprising 5462:1959 Mosul uprising 5452:1958 Lebanon crisis 5399:1973 Yom Kippur War 5370:Iran crisis of 1946 5358:Al-Wathbah uprising 5348:1943 Barzani revolt 5242:Great Syrian Revolt 5222:Iraqi Revolt (1920) 5145:Simko Shikak revolt 5038:Politics of Lebanon 4549:. 2009. p. 486 4540:"World Report 2009" 3315:2012EnPlD..30..655F 1938:amp.theguardian.com 1744:electoral districts 1068:1958 Lebanon crisis 1060:Republic of Lebanon 611:. Formed after the 461:2021 Beirut clashes 396:Civil conflicts in 5631:Iranian Revolution 5600:Lebanese Civil War 5546:1948 Palestine war 5293:1935 Yazidi revolt 5184:Franco-Turkish War 4547:Human Rights Watch 4240:Middle East Policy 4056:The New York Times 3358:The New York Times 2585:The New York Times 2002:The New York Times 1769:Domestic reactions 1766: 1679:Resolution process 1654:anti-aircraft guns 1520: 1499: 1436: 1390:Lebanon's capital 1288:Lebanon portal 1171:By city and region 1083:Lebanese Civil War 874:Rashidun Caliphate 853:Sassanid interlude 680:Lebanese Civil War 654:and the Christian 485:7 May 2008 clashes 6037:March 14 Alliance 6007:Conflicts in 2008 5994: 5993: 5217:Franco-Syrian War 5174:Greco-Turkish War 5162:Anglo-Turkish War 5128:Assyrian genocide 5123:Armenian genocide 5094:Italo-Turkish War 5046: 5045: 5029: 5028: 4887:March 14 Alliance 4800:National Assembly 4794: 4793: 4750:March 14 Alliance 4337:Los Angeles Times 4310:www.aljazeera.com 4216:978-0-19-934296-9 4122:978-0-8122-9368-5 4093:www.aljazeera.com 3189:978-1-78371-342-4 3156:978-1-78371-342-4 3085:978-1-78738-365-4 3037:www.aljazeera.com 2955:978-1-78738-365-4 2854:978-1-78738-365-4 2713:978-1-78738-365-4 2673:978-1-78738-365-4 2557:978-1-78738-365-4 2492:978-1-78738-365-4 2402:978-0-19-934296-9 2366:978-0-7867-4441-1 2326:978-0-19-934296-9 2293:978-1-78738-365-4 2255:978-1-78738-365-4 1368:state sovereignty 1322: 1321: 928:County of Tripoli 910:Ikhshidid dynasty 904:Fatimid Caliphate 886:Abbasid Caliphate 880:Umayyad Caliphate 474: 473: 362: 361: 184:March 14 Alliance 164: 163: 16:(Redirected from 6044: 6032:March 8 Alliance 5956:Israel–Hamas war 5883:Syrian civil war 5866:Sinai insurgency 5827:2006 Lebanon War 5502:Dhofar Rebellion 5437:Cyprus Emergency 5432:Jebel Akhdar War 5404:1982 Lebanon War 5394:1967 Six-Day War 5303:Dersim rebellion 5263:Ararat rebellion 5167:Al-Jazeera Front 5073: 5066: 5059: 5050: 5049: 4861:Dignity Movement 4810:March 8 Alliance 4806: 4805: 4694:March 8 Alliance 4690: 4689: 4674: 4673: 4662: 4655: 4648: 4639: 4638: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4588: 4587: 4585: 4583: 4574: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4544: 4536: 4530: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4518:documents.un.org 4515: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4497: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4465: 4464: 4442: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4429: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4402: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4344: 4329: 4320: 4319: 4317: 4316: 4302: 4289: 4288: 4286: 4285: 4262: 4256: 4255: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4202: 4193: 4192: 4156: 4145: 4139: 4133: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4099: 4085: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4070: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4037: 4018: 4012: 4011: 4009: 4008: 3999:. 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Archived from 2134: 2125: 2124: 2122: 2121: 2100: 2091: 2090: 2088: 2087: 2064: 2045: 2044: 2042: 2041: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2016: 1990:Worth, Robert F. 1986: 1980: 1979: 1977: 1976: 1967:. Archived from 1957: 1948: 1947: 1945: 1944: 1930: 1924: 1923: 1921: 1920: 1905: 1839:Condoleezza Rice 1817:, leader of the 1547:Associated Press 1404:Hassan Nasrallah 1314: 1307: 1300: 1286: 1285: 1284: 1148:Liquidity crisis 1108:Cedar Revolution 1015:El Assaad Family 946:Mamluk Sultanate 916:Mirdasid dynasty 898:Hamdanid dynasty 841:Hellenistic rule 756: 746: 728: 727: 672:Lebanon Tribunal 623:, the Christian 613:Cedar Revolution 555:Hassan Nasrallah 436:Cedar Revolution 401: 400: 388: 381: 374: 365: 364: 345: 344: 343: 335:Hassan Nasrallah 332: 331: 330: 320: 319: 318: 307: 306: 305: 286: 285: 284: 274: 273: 272: 262: 261: 260: 250: 249: 248: 238: 237: 236: 226:March 8 Alliance 223: 222: 208: 207: 206: 196: 195: 194: 181: 180: 179: 125: 124: 100: 91: 80: 71: 60: 43: 42: 36:2006 Lebanon War 21: 6052: 6051: 6047: 6046: 6045: 6043: 6042: 6041: 6012:2008 in Lebanon 5997: 5996: 5995: 5990: 5988: 5975: 5938: 5860:Egyptian Crisis 5843: 5784: 5724: 5657: 5567: 5556:Second Intifada 5466: 5410: 5307: 5273:Simele massacre 5251: 5232:Adwan Rebellion 5205: 5082: 5077: 5047: 5042: 5025: 4996: 4934: 4931:Independent (3) 4902:Future Movement 4896:Lebanese Forces 4881: 4878:Independent (5) 4843:Marada Movement 4790: 4776: 4765:Lebanese Forces 4759:Future Movement 4744: 4727:Marada Movement 4678: 4668: 4666: 4619: 4607: 4605: 4596: 4594:Further reading 4591: 4581: 4579: 4572: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4542: 4538: 4537: 4533: 4523: 4521: 4513: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4495: 4493: 4475: 4471: 4462: 4460: 4444: 4443: 4436: 4427: 4425: 4413: 4409: 4400: 4398: 4389: 4388: 4384: 4375: 4373: 4355: 4351: 4342: 4340: 4331: 4330: 4323: 4314: 4312: 4304: 4303: 4292: 4283: 4281: 4263: 4259: 4236: 4232: 4217: 4203: 4196: 4157: 4148: 4140: 4136: 4110: 4106: 4097: 4095: 4087: 4086: 4077: 4068: 4066: 4048: 4044: 4035: 4033: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4006: 4004: 3991: 3990: 3983: 3974: 3972: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3945: 3943: 3930: 3929: 3925: 3916: 3914: 3913:on May 31, 2008 3899: 3898: 3894: 3885: 3883: 3866: 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2660: 2656: 2647: 2645: 2636: 2635: 2631: 2622: 2620: 2611: 2610: 2606: 2597: 2595: 2577: 2573: 2558: 2544: 2533: 2524: 2522: 2513: 2512: 2508: 2493: 2479: 2475: 2466: 2464: 2454: 2447: 2437: 2435: 2426: 2425: 2418: 2403: 2389: 2382: 2367: 2353: 2342: 2327: 2313: 2309: 2294: 2280: 2271: 2256: 2242: 2238: 2229: 2227: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2174: 2163: 2154: 2152: 2151:on May 14, 2008 2135: 2128: 2119: 2117: 2102: 2101: 2094: 2085: 2083: 2065: 2048: 2039: 2037: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2014: 2012: 1987: 1983: 1974: 1972: 1959: 1958: 1951: 1942: 1940: 1932: 1931: 1927: 1918: 1916: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1881: 1868: 1827: 1771: 1752: 1726:Michel Suleiman 1721: 1715: 1686: 1681: 1663: 1589: 1508: 1467:Michel Suleiman 1440:Corniche Mazraa 1400: 1387: 1382: 1376: 1318: 1282: 1280: 1275: 1274: 1220: 1212: 1211: 1172: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1062: 1052: 1051: 1050: 979: 971: 970: 969: 868: 860: 859: 858: 835: 827: 826: 825: 814:Babylonian rule 775: 744: 737: 726: 656:Lebanese Forces 645:Future Movement 597: 591: 563:Future Movement 523:Future Movement 477: 476: 475: 470: 431:Dinnieh clashes 402: 395: 394: 392: 341: 339: 338: 328: 326: 316: 314: 313: 303: 301: 282: 280: 270: 268: 258: 256: 246: 244: 234: 232: 217: 204: 202: 198:Future Movement 192: 190: 177: 175: 143: 106: 105: 104: 103: 102: 101: 93: 92: 83: 82: 81: 73: 72: 63: 62: 61: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6050: 6040: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 5992: 5991: 5980: 5977: 5976: 5974: 5973: 5970:Red Sea crisis 5966: 5959: 5952: 5946: 5944: 5940: 5939: 5937: 5936: 5935: 5934: 5920: 5913: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5895: 5894: 5878: 5877: 5876: 5869: 5857: 5851: 5849: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5830: 5829: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5800: 5792: 5790: 5786: 5785: 5783: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5715:Mecca massacre 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5691: 5690: 5678: 5673: 5665: 5663: 5659: 5658: 5656: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5639: 5638: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5575: 5573: 5569: 5568: 5566: 5565: 5560: 5559: 5558: 5553: 5551:First Intifada 5548: 5536: 5534:1964 Hama riot 5531: 5529:Aden Emergency 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5498: 5497: 5492: 5480: 5474: 5472: 5468: 5467: 5465: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5418: 5416: 5412: 5411: 5409: 5408: 5407: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5374: 5373: 5372: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5315: 5313: 5309: 5308: 5306: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5259: 5257: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5213: 5211: 5207: 5206: 5204: 5203: 5198: 5197: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5170: 5169: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5136: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5120: 5115: 5114: 5113: 5096: 5090: 5088: 5084: 5083: 5076: 5075: 5068: 5061: 5053: 5044: 5043: 5041: 5040: 5034: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5023: 5017: 5011: 5004: 5002: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4988: 4982: 4976: 4970: 4967:Tahalof Watani 4964: 4961:Beirut Tuqawem 4958: 4952: 4945: 4943: 4936: 4935: 4933: 4932: 4929: 4923: 4917: 4911: 4905: 4899: 4892: 4890: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4858: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4815: 4813: 4803: 4796: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4788: 4787:PM's share (5) 4784: 4782: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4774: 4768: 4762: 4755: 4753: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4742: 4736: 4730: 4724: 4718: 4712: 4706: 4699: 4697: 4687: 4680: 4679: 4665: 4664: 4657: 4650: 4642: 4636: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4618: 4617:External links 4615: 4614: 4613: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4589: 4560: 4531: 4502: 4469: 4452:. 2010-12-07. 4434: 4407: 4382: 4349: 4321: 4290: 4257: 4230: 4215: 4194: 4146: 4134: 4104: 4075: 4042: 4013: 4003:on 12 May 2008 3981: 3952: 3923: 3892: 3860: 3831: 3797: 3768: 3730: 3719:on 12 May 2008 3691: 3677:. 2008-05-11. 3662: 3631: 3611: 3597: 3583: 3552: 3521: 3496: 3466: 3437: 3406: 3396:on 10 May 2008 3377: 3344: 3323:10.1068/d11410 3309:(4): 668–669. 3293: 3262: 3233: 3203: 3188: 3170: 3155: 3128: 3114:. 2008-05-09. 3099: 3084: 3066: 3048: 3024: 2996: 2969: 2954: 2925: 2897: 2883:. 8 May 2008. 2868: 2853: 2828: 2814:. 2008-05-06. 2797: 2773:(2008-05-03). 2759: 2727: 2712: 2687: 2672: 2654: 2629: 2604: 2571: 2556: 2531: 2506: 2491: 2473: 2445: 2416: 2401: 2380: 2365: 2340: 2325: 2307: 2292: 2269: 2254: 2236: 2211: 2161: 2137:Kandy Ringer. 2126: 2112:. 2008-05-09. 2092: 2046: 2021: 1996:(2008-05-10). 1981: 1965:The Daily Star 1949: 1925: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1887: 1880: 1877: 1867: 1864: 1846:Saud al-Faisal 1826: 1823: 1800:Marwan Hamadeh 1770: 1767: 1762:Sean McCormack 1751: 1748: 1717:Main article: 1714: 1713:Doha Agreement 1711: 1694:League Council 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1668:Saad al-Hariri 1662: 1659: 1588: 1585: 1507: 1504: 1399: 1396: 1386: 1383: 1375: 1372: 1364:United Nations 1330:Walid Jumblatt 1320: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1309: 1302: 1294: 1291: 1290: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1213: 1210: 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292: 291: 290: 278: 266: 254: 242: 214: 213: 212: 200: 171: 170: 166: 165: 162: 161: 160: 159: 149: 145: 144: 139: 137: 133: 132: 129: 121: 120: 95: 94: 86: 85: 84: 75: 74: 66: 65: 64: 55: 54: 53: 52: 51: 48: 47: 41: 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6049: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6004: 6002: 5987: 5985: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5967: 5965: 5964: 5960: 5958: 5957: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5945: 5941: 5933: 5932: 5931: 5926: 5925: 5924: 5923:Yemeni crisis 5921: 5919: 5918: 5914: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5893: 5892: 5888: 5887: 5886: 5885: 5884: 5879: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5868: 5867: 5863: 5862: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5846: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5828: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5822: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5805: 5801: 5799: 5798: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5787: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5765: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5738: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5727: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5683: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5671: 5670:Iran–Iraq War 5667: 5666: 5664: 5660: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5637: 5634: 5633: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5621:NDF Rebellion 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5601: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5576: 5574: 5570: 5564: 5561: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5543: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5509: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5487: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5475: 5473: 5469: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5419: 5417: 5413: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5385: 5382: 5381: 5380: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5368: 5367: 5366: 5365: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5353:Alwaziri coup 5351: 5349: 5346: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5323: 5322: 5321: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5310: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5254: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5208: 5202: 5199: 5195: 5194:United States 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5168: 5165: 5164: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5158: 5157: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5074: 5069: 5067: 5062: 5060: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5021: 5018: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5006: 5005: 5003: 4999: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4980: 4977: 4974: 4971: 4968: 4965: 4962: 4959: 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4937: 4930: 4927: 4926:Islamic group 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4884: 4877: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4862: 4859: 4856: 4853: 4850: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4838: 4835: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4825:Amal Movement 4823: 4820: 4817: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4797: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4772: 4769: 4766: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4747: 4740: 4737: 4734: 4731: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4703:Amal Movement 4701: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4672: 4663: 4658: 4656: 4651: 4649: 4644: 4643: 4640: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4603: 4598: 4597: 4578: 4571: 4564: 4548: 4541: 4535: 4519: 4512: 4506: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4473: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4441: 4439: 4424: 4423: 4418: 4411: 4396: 4392: 4386: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4353: 4338: 4334: 4328: 4326: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4261: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4234: 4226: 4222: 4218: 4212: 4208: 4201: 4199: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4162: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4144: 4138: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4094: 4090: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4046: 4032:on 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Melbourne. 3536: 3532: 3525: 3511:on 2008-08-02 3510: 3506: 3500: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3470: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3441: 3426: 3422: 3421: 3416: 3410: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3348: 3340: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3297: 3289: 3285: 3278: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3252:on 2008-05-10 3251: 3247: 3243: 3237: 3222: 3218: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3185: 3181: 3174: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3152: 3148: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3081: 3077: 3070: 3063:. 9 May 2008. 3062: 3058: 3052: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3013: 3009: 3003: 3001: 2993:. 8 May 2008. 2992: 2988: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2951: 2947: 2940: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2902: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2850: 2846: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2817: 2813: 2812: 2807: 2801: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2776: 2772: 2766: 2764: 2748: 2744: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 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