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37:
370:
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According to
Article 364 of the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador, the Ecuadorian state does not see drug consumption as a crime but only as a health concern. Since June 2013 the State drugs regulatory office, CONSEP, has published a table that establishes maximum quantities carried by persons so as to be
497:
The
Constitution is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights. Article 71-74 prohibits the extraction of non-renewable resources in protected areas. Moreover, the production of monocultures will be avoided for reforestation and rehabilitation of the
529:
Article 281, labelled Food
Sovereignty, reads: "Food Sovereignty constitutes an objective and strategic obligation from the State to guarantee its people, communities, pueblos and nationalities self sufficiency in healthy food, culturally appropriate in a permanent form." This entails the following
1006:
Olivier de
Schutter (2010) "Countries tackling hunger with a right to food approach. Significant progress in implementing the right to food at national scale in Africa, Latin America and South Asia" United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, Briefing Note 01, 14 May 2010.
628:
The stable and monogamous union between two persons without any other marriage ties who have a common-law home, for the lapse of time and under the conditions and circumstances provided for by law, shall enjoy the same rights and obligations of those families bound by formal marriage
755:
La uniĂłn estable y monogámica entre dos personas libres de vĂnculo matrimonial que formen un hogar de hecho, por el lapso y bajo las condiciones y circunstancias que señale la ley, generará los mismos derechos y obligaciones que tienen las familias constituidas mediante matrimonio.
620:
based on
Article 68, which specifies that unmarried couples in stable and monogamous unions enjoy the same rights and obligations of married couples. In 2015, the civil code was updated to allow for civil unions to be contracted without a requirement for prior cohabitation.
1623:
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1603:
1466:
612:
Within the
Ecuadorian Constitution adopted in 2008, Article 67 limits marriage to the union of a man and a woman. ("El matrimonio es la uniĂłn entre hombre y mujer...") Same-sex couples became eligible for
464:
1608:
1020:
436:
Ecuador has had new constitutions promulgated in 1830, 1835, 1843, 1845, 1851, 1852, 1861, 1869, 1878, 1884, 1897, 1906, 1929, 1938, 1945, 1946, 1967, 1978, and 1998. Following his election as
1476:
1598:
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Strengthen the development of organizations and networks of producers and consumers and the commercialization and distribution of food to promote equity within rural and urban spaces.
460:, and was given six months to write a new constitution, with a possible two-month extension. On July 24, 2008, the assembly approved a draft constitution consisting of 494 articles.
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Supply food to the victims of anthropogenic or natural disasters in risk of accessing food. International food donations should not affect health or future production of local food.
1613:
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seeds and crops. The
President and the National assembly can introduce exceptions, but genetic modification are not allowed if its intervenes with food sovereignty.
860:
834:
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Incite production, transformation of the agro-food and fishery of small to medium size units of production, communities and social and solidarity economies.
498:
soil. The state will also protect the intellectual property of collective work based on national biodiversity and begin to recognize the Rights of Nature.
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247:
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Promote the preservation and rehabilitation of agro biodiversity linked to ancestral knowledge; likewise its use, conservation and free seed exchange.
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Prevent and protect the population from consuming contaminated food or places their health in risk or if science has uncertainties of its effects.
322:
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Adopt fiscal politics, tributaries and tariffs to protect the agro-food sector and national fishery to avoid dependency on food imports.
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Establish preferential financial mechanisms for small and medium producers, facilitating the acquisition of the means of production.
1702:
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Generate just and solidarity systems of distribution and commercialization of food. Impede monopolistic practices and any type of
959:
Pena, Karla (2008) "Putting Food First in the
Constitution of Ecuador", Food First Institute for Food & Development Policy,
2123:
1386:
337:
333:
380:
2091:
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Regulate under bio-security standards the use and development of biotechnology, including experimentation and commercial use.
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Assure the development of scientific investigation and innovative technologies are appropriate to guarantee food sovereignty.
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Acquire food and primary materials for social and food programs, prioritizing in associative networks of small producers.
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281:
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Strengthen diversification and the introduction of ecological and organic technologies in the production of agriculture.
510:
over private trade or contract disputes to external organizations. As a result, Ecuador was forced to withdraw from the
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to write a new constitution for the country, which was held on April 15, 2007, and passed with 81.7% approval. The
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164:
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1007:<www.srfood.org/images/stories/pdf/otherdocuments/20100514_briefing-note-01_en.pdf> Downloaded 3 May 2012
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903:
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Article 11, paragraph two of the
Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador reaffirmed as a fundamental right to
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84:
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1998:
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2013:
2008:
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97:
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456:, won the majority of the 130 available seats. The assembly first convened on November 29, 2007, in
1907:
1874:
1471:
1446:
1421:
1381:
1366:
1336:
986:. Arbitration Advocay in Changing Times. Vol. 15. Kluwer Law International. pp. 345–346.
810:"Desigualdad, exclusiĂłn Ă©tnica y participaciĂłn polĂtica: el caso de Conaie y Pachacutik en Ecuador"
681:
159:
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757:
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2003:
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Ensure that animals destined for human consumption are healthy and raised in sound environments.
428:. The current constitution has been in place since 2008. It is the country's 20th constitution.
1927:
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1411:
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1341:
1271:(contains official Spanish text of the 2008 Constitution and an unofficial English translation)
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1952:
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983:
457:
437:
288:
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80:
1136:, authored by Germán Lodola and Margarita Corral, 2010 (No. 44), retrieved 23 January 2013
463:
When Ecuador began the process of writing a new constitution, they received help from the
8:
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for same-sex couples were legalized by the approval of the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador
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686:
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1021:""La nueva tabla para consumo de drogas es una guĂa para jueces" in El Telegrafo"
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were held on September 30, 2007. With 74 seats, Rafael Correa's political party,
934:
2287:
1832:
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Article 15 protects agricultural, wild and genetic biodiversity by prohibiting
374:
912:
894:
885:
837:(in Spanish). El Universo. Agence France-Presse. 20 April 2007. Archived from
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727:(2009), right to change legal names female to male and vice versa for people
523:
453:
441:
137:
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to permit access of farmers to soil, water and other productive resources.
36:
16:"Constitution of Ecuador" redirects here. For previous constitutions, see
2159:
1235:"Ecuador un estado constitucional de Derechos", retrieved 23 January 2013
960:
728:
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considered in legal possession and that person as not a seller of drugs.
639:
1859:
1132:"Apoyo al matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en América Latina",
652:. Until 2008, no constitution in the world recognized gender identity.
1153:""Ecuador Approves New Constitution Including Same-Sex Civil Unions",
1515:
1157:, posted by Andy Towle, 30 September 2008, retrieved 23 January 2013"
636:
In 2019, Ecuador's Constitutional Court legalized same-sex marriage.
468:
1075:, reported by Joshua Partlow and Stephan KĂĽffner, 29 September 2008
1680:
1501:
732:
522:
The constitution is one of the first in the world to recognise the
931:"Ecuador Adopts Constitution With CELDF Rights of Nature Language"
1711:
425:
784:
The Failure of Presidential Democracy: The Case of Latin America
752:
In Spanish, the official version of Article 68 reads as follows:
633:
Article 68 also limits adoption rights to opposite-sex couples.
1209:"Ecuador's highest court votes to legalise same-sex marriage"
1183:"Ecuador aprueba la uniĂłn civil para parejas del mismo sexo"
624:
An unofficial English language translation of Article 68:
512:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
1305:
Constitutions of states and dependencies in the Americas
863:(in Spanish). El Universo. 23 April 2007. Archived from
601:
1051:"Dosis máximas de droga para consumo ya están vigentes"
474:
The Constitution was approved by the electorate in the
1103:
640:
Recognition of sexual orientation and gender identity
758:
Article 68, ConstituciĂłn de la RepĂşblica del Ecuador
1015:
1013:
735:
by the approval of the 2008 Constitution of Ecuador
970:, (updated 31 October 2008, accessed 21 May 2008).
648:and included for the first time and even globally
506:The Constitution prohibits Ecuador from yielding
450:elections for the Ecuadorian Constituent Assembly
446:referendum on establishing a Constituent Assembly
2300:
1010:
861:"TSE ratificĂł resultados de la consulta popular"
1134:Perspectivas desde el Barómetro de las Américas
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467:to draft environmental laws giving nature and
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835:"TSE comunicĂł resultados de consulta popular"
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704:on 25 November 1997 regarding the country's
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476:constitutional referendum in September 2008
1703:
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1071:"Voters in Ecuador Approve Constitution",
853:
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465:Community Environmental Legal Defense Fund
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1089:Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador,
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712:Recognition of same-sex unions in Ecuador
608:Recognition of same-sex unions in Ecuador
1757:Ecuadorian–Peruvian territorial dispute
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961:https://www.foodfirst.org/en/node/2301
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602:Recognition of same-sex relationships
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1870:2010 coup d'Ă©tat attempt and crisis
1772:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War (1857–1860)
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1269:Political Database of the Americas
1091:Political Database of the Americas
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321:Minister: José Valencia Amores (
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980:Tawil, Guido Santiago (2011).
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570:speculation with food products
1:
1838:Supreme Council of Government
1057:.com. Accessed 2013-06-24.
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1181:López, Andrés (2015-05-01).
662:1830 Constitution of Ecuador
318:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
7:
2124:Water supply and sanitation
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481:
10:
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1784:Liberal Revolution of 1895
1106:"ConstituciĂłn del Ecuador"
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1265:Constitutions of Ecuador
781:Linz, Juan José (1994).
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502:International investment
282:Administrative divisions
1855:War on drugs in Ecuador
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424:is the supreme law of
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266:(popular consultation)
250:(popular consultation)
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1457:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1189:(in European Spanish)
1159:. 30 September 2008.
753:
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478:by 63.93% to 28.10%.
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487:Environmental rights
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103:VerĂłnica Abad Rojas
28:Politics of Ecuador
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2014:National Congress
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1207:AFP (2019-06-13).
966:2012-04-29 at the
917:2008-05-11 at the
908:2012-02-07 at the
899:2009-02-12 at the
890:2009-11-10 at the
867:on 4 November 2012
841:on 4 November 2012
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454:PAIS Alliance
451:
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444:called for a
443:
442:Rafael Correa
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161:
160:Supreme Court
158:
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139:
138:Henry Kronfle
136:
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38:
34:
33:
29:
25:
24:
19:
2180:Social class
2155:Demographics
2114:Trade unions
2070:Central Bank
1989:Constitution
1988:
1850:1990–present
1843:Paquisha War
1667:
1619:Sint Maarten
1604:Saint Martin
1511:Dependencies
1260:(in Spanish)
1252:(in Spanish)
1232:(in Spanish)
1227:
1216:. Retrieved
1212:
1202:
1191:. Retrieved
1186:
1176:
1165:. Retrieved
1154:
1147:
1133:
1129:(in Spanish)
1124:
1112:. Retrieved
1099:
1090:
1072:
1066:
1046:
1035:. Retrieved
1031:the original
1024:
1002:
982:
975:
939:. Retrieved
935:the original
925:
881:
869:. Retrieved
865:the original
855:
843:. Retrieved
839:the original
829:
823:(28): 51–64.
820:
816:
803:
783:
776:
754:
748:
722:
717:civil unions
710:
691:
672:Constitution
643:
635:
632:
627:
623:
618:civil unions
614:
611:
596:
584:
528:
521:
508:jurisdiction
505:
496:
473:
462:
435:
421:
419:
193:
91:Daniel Noboa
63:Human rights
51:Constitution
50:
1928:Environment
1923:Earthquakes
1589:Puerto Rico
1516:territories
1462:Saint Lucia
1397:El Salvador
1142:2013-07-05.
1061:2013-07-05.
1055:El Comercio
817:Alteridades
729:transgender
706:sodomy laws
458:Montecristi
356:Visa policy
258:(tax haven)
122:Legislative
2248:Television
2218:Newspapers
1860:Cenepa War
1584:Montserrat
1579:Martinique
1574:Guadeloupe
1372:Costa Rica
1218:2019-06-13
1193:2019-06-13
1167:2013-06-24
1037:2013-06-24
941:2008-09-30
769:References
696:(1997), a
469:ecosystems
338:in Ecuador
2165:Education
2119:Transport
2027:President
1994:Elections
1963:Volcanoes
1953:Provinces
1943:Mountains
1896:Geography
1823:1960–1990
1818:1944–1960
1806:1925–1944
1789:1895–1925
1779:1860–1895
1762:1830–1860
1657:Caribbean
1569:Greenland
1492:Venezuela
1437:Nicaragua
1407:Guatemala
1327:Argentina
1312:Sovereign
1213:France 24
1155:Towleroad
514:(ICSID).
289:Provinces
221:(general)
213:(general)
196:(general)
178:Elections
154:Judiciary
133:President
81:President
75:Executive
2303:Category
2283:Category
2175:Religion
2082:Currency
2016:(former)
2004:Military
1977:Politics
1716:articles
1524:Anguilla
1472:Suriname
1447:Paraguay
1422:Honduras
1382:Dominica
1367:Colombia
1337:Barbados
1161:Archived
1140:Archived
1059:Archived
964:Archived
915:Archived
906:Archived
897:Archived
888:Archived
733:intersex
715:(2009),
656:See also
615:de facto
543:Promote
482:Analysis
471:rights.
346:Passport
299:Parishes
2267:Outline
2243:Smoking
2203:Cuisine
2190:Culture
2138:Society
2109:Tourism
2065:Banking
2053:Economy
1938:Mammals
1933:Islands
1918:Climate
1724:History
1712:Ecuador
1554:Curaçao
1539:Bonaire
1534:Bermuda
1487:Uruguay
1427:Jamaica
1402:Grenada
1392:Ecuador
1347:Bolivia
1332:Bahamas
1267:at the
1114:13 June
700:by the
432:History
426:Ecuador
294:Cantons
205:(local)
110:Cabinet
58:History
2288:Portal
2198:Cinema
2170:Health
2160:People
2099:Mining
1958:Rivers
1913:Cities
1714:
1442:Panama
1432:Mexico
1412:Guyana
1357:Canada
1352:Brazil
1342:Belize
1314:states
990:
871:18 May
845:18 May
791:
2274:Index
2238:Sport
2223:Music
2150:Crime
1908:Birds
1529:Aruba
1417:Haiti
1362:Chile
1109:(PDF)
813:(PDF)
740:Notes
629:ties.
264:2011
256:2017
248:2018
240:2023
232:2024
219:2017
211:2021
203:2023
194:2023
2208:Flag
2032:List
1594:Saba
1514:and
1452:Peru
1377:Cuba
1116:2019
988:ISBN
873:2023
847:2023
789:ISBN
731:and
420:The
323:list
85:list
1187:CNN
1053:at
2305::
1211:.
1185:.
1138:.
1081:^
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1012:^
950:^
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87:)
1753:)
1749:(
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409:e
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325:)
83:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
