26:
74:
67:
197:
2974:." Gribbs avoided the phrase "law and order", declaring in one interview, "I'd rather classify myself as the candidate for order and justice under the law." However, he took a number of positions contrary to those held by most of the Black organizations in the city. This included Gribbs' support for the use of
2989:, he would have been Detroit's first African American mayor, had he been elected. When he launched his candidacy on June 4, 1969 (prior to Cavanagh's announcement that he would not seek reelection), he became the first-ever major Black candidate for mayor of Detroit. He hoped to be able calm any fears
3144:
Both Austin and Gribbs had avoided the issue of race in the primary. After their first and second-place performances in the primary, they each pledged to avoid making race an issue in the general election, with Austin declaring, "we won't have a racist campaign". Both stayed true, and made efforts to
3013:
identified as having been a challenge to Austin's candidacy were the fact that parts of the city's Black community were not committal towards him (criticizing him as too moderate), the fact that there was a "law and order" desire among much of the city's populace, and the presumption that most Whites
3001:
While avoiding specifics on the issue, Austin gave general support to the idea of implementing civilian control over the
Detroit Police Department. In his effort to maintain a moderate appeal, Austin placed most of his campaign's emphasis on aspects such as his performance as auditor in improving the
3206:
Gribb's won a roughly 7,000 vote majority, winning an estimated 82% of the White vote and an estimated 6% of the Black vote. Gribbs swept predominantly White precincts, which saw some record turnouts (some approaching 80%). Austin solidly won Black parts of the city. He lost, in part, due to many
3156:
voters only comprised 25% of the
Detroit's registered electorate as of September (despite comprising 40% of its population). Additionally, it was pointed out that the combined vote of Gribbs and Beck (each White candidates) in the primary was greater than Austin's vote in the primary. However, a
3040:
The primary was held on
September 9, 1969. Austin placed first in the primary. This made him the first Black candidate to advance to a Detroit mayoral general election. By one estimate, White voters had comprised 10% of Austin's vote in the primary. By another estimate, they had comprised 9% of
3202:
of 7.21 percentage points. Mean turnout in the 221 precincts that were 90% or more Black was 70.59%, with a standard deviation of 6.64 percentage points. Mean turnout in the 461 precincts that were 90% or more White was 68.79%, with a standard deviation of 6.89%.
3014:
would not be willing to vote for a Black man to be mayor. Many Black community leaders found Austin too conservative for their taste, but were unable to agree on an alternate Black candidate and ultimately supported Austin.
3151:
Despite candidates' preferences not to focus on race, the press believed that racial identity was still a major motivating factor for voters. Much of the press doubted Austin's odds in a general election, pointing out the
2953:, he withdrew from the election on August 7, 1968. His withdrawal was seen as setting the race up to be largely a two-way contest between Gribbs and Austin. Before he withdrew from the race, Carey was seen as appealing to
3049:
integrated. In the results, some read signs that White voters in certain parts of the city were less willing to vote for Austin for mayor than they were willing to vote for Black contenders for Common
Council districts.
3027:
Beck ran a single-issue campaign on the topic of crime control, running on a "law-and-order" platform. She had been a strong critic of outgoing mayor Jerome
Cavanagh. She was regarded to appeal to conservative and
3298:
in 1970 and was elected, becoming the first
African American to hold statewide elected office in Michigan and the first African American to serve as any U.S. state's secretary of state.
4162:
4142:
3045:. Black voters were estimated to have made up about 40% of the voters who participated in the primary election. Gribbs and Austin both performed well in areas of the city that were
2978:
by police, opposition to a civilian police review board, and opposition to decentralizing city functions. Gribbs' candidacy was endorsed by the
Detroit Police Officers Association.
1648:
1643:
1638:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1433:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1316:
1311:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1271:
1256:
1234:
1229:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1129:
1114:
1099:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1027:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
942:
937:
932:
4182:
927:
922:
917:
912:
4202:
4192:
4152:
1631:
1609:
1497:
1438:
1401:
1371:
1239:
1162:
1092:
1547:
1507:
1475:
1470:
1426:
1346:
1324:
1304:
1279:
1264:
1249:
1222:
1187:
1137:
1122:
1107:
1065:
1035:
1020:
950:
4172:
2717:
3161:
article denounced what it described as, "an implication that all whites deal in race politics rather than quality candidates," as being "insulting" towards White voters.
3020:
wrote that, before his campaign, Austin was, "little known even among Blacks," and also wrote that he was, "not the first choice of the city's black politicians," who
2957:
voters and was regarded as being better-known than Gribbs. Carey's withdrawal was seen as benefiting Gribbs who was regarded to be more conservative than Austin.
2846:
2349:
1604:
4102:
769:
724:
714:
679:
664:
649:
624:
614:
579:
559:
544:
4129:
509:
492:
480:
463:
446:
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
903:
3543:
3060:
reported on
September 10, "Austin benefited in yesterday's municipal election from an unexpectedly heavy turnout of voters, who responded a spirited
4290:
4265:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
539:
3319:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
719:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
674:
669:
659:
654:
644:
639:
634:
629:
619:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
574:
569:
564:
554:
549:
439:
4311:
4242:
519:
514:
502:
497:
485:
473:
456:
451:
4222:
4116:
530:
3194:
Voter turnout of over 70% was at record-level for the city's mayoral elections. This came despite rainy and cold weather on election day.
2839:
2945:
and 1965 mayoral candidate Walter Shamie. In addition to these candidates, and the other twenty-four candidates who were on the ballot,
4214:
4095:
2949:
president Ed Carey had originally been running. Carey was regarded to be a major candidate in the election. However, after suffering a
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
4270:
2758:
3569:
2467:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
206:
4227:
2832:
2307:
4321:
4088:
3819:
2656:
2361:
4232:
2970:
wrote that, "although he is a sheriff, he is not a typical law and order candidate, but is generally considered a moderate
2903:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
4275:
2799:
215:
3664:
3024:
reported had wanted to see
William Patrick Jr., the president of the New Detroit community organization, run for mayor.
2773:
2768:
2722:
4260:
3376:
3180:
2954:
2707:
2457:
2375:
4316:
4280:
3808:
Darden, Joe T.; Thomas, Richard W. (March 1, 2013). "Chapter 5 The
Emergence of Black Political Power after 1967".
2971:
2930:
Twenty-eight candidates ran in the primary. The two leading candidates in the primary were incumbent Wayne County
2487:
468:
172:
157:
4285:
4250:
3291:
2982:
2895:
3179:, and United Auto Workers. Gribb's was endorsed by all three of Detroit's police organizations, as well as the
2504:
2960:
Gribbs campaigned as a moderate, and proposed a nineteen-point plan which placed focus on reviewing both the
2814:
2809:
2698:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2366:
2356:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
46:
4120:
4112:
4055:
2749:
3749:
3295:
3046:
2732:
2727:
2223:
3286:
Immediately after Austin's strong general election performance, top Democratic Party officials, such as
3032:
voters. Shamie was another candidate that was seen as appealing to conservative and right wing voters.
3287:
2961:
2621:
2144:
4326:
3290:
chairman James McNeely, openly considered running Austin for statewide office in 1970, such as for
2599:
2594:
2589:
2579:
2574:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2544:
2497:
2297:
2998:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
4080:
2477:
1665:
2612:
188:
106:
101:
2946:
1725:
8:
3172:
3003:
3639:
3635:
3544:"2 In Detroit Lead In Race For Mayor; Sheriff and Negro Auditor Face September Primary"
3199:
3165:
3042:
2966:
2899:
25:
3815:
3247:
3088:
2938:
2872:
2790:
91:
3631:
3061:
3057:
2994:
2986:
2941:. Two other notable individuals who were candidates were Detroit City Councilwoman
3872:. The Morning Call (Paterson, New Jersey). The Associated Press. October 24, 1969
3809:
3697:
3443:"Negro County Auditor, White Sheriff Top Vote Getters in Detroit Mayoral Primary"
3016:
2914:
2316:
153:
3320:"NEGRO A LEADER IN DETROIT VOTE; Austin and Sheriff Gribbs Top Mayoral Primary"
3977:. The State (Columbia, South Carolina). The Associated Press. November 6, 1969
3811:
Detroit: Race Riots, Racial Conflicts, and Efforts to Bridge the Racial Divide
3279:
Detroit would go on to elect a Black mayor in its next election in 1973, when
4305:
4000:
3969:
3912:
3892:
3864:
3836:
3781:
3725:
3487:
3399:
3280:
3053:
2975:
4028:
3442:
3348:
3207:
inner-city districts having low voter turnout (some as low as 40% in some).
3938:
3234:
3158:
3153:
3148:
While the election was nonpartisan, both Gribbs and Austin were Democrats.
3101:
3056:
was the highest it had been for a Detroit mayoral primary in 32 years. The
2990:
2950:
2934:
2907:
2876:
2868:
168:
85:
2993:
voters had about a Black man's ability to successfully lead the city. His
2891:
3041:
Austin's vote in the primary. Overall, Austin performed poorly in White
73:
3643:
3619:
3029:
3010:
66:
3260:
3176:
3114:
3002:
county's financial situation. Austin's candidacy was endorsed by the
2942:
3356:. The Raleigh Register. United Press International. November 3, 1969
3283:
was elected. Young had been a supporter of Austin's 1969 candidacy.
2917:
announced that he would not be seeking reelection to a third term.
3450:. The North Adams Transcript. Associated Press. September 10, 1969
2981:
Austin campaigned as a moderate, but was regarded to be more of a
2931:
2862:
4110:
3210:
Mary Beck won only around 2,000 votes as a write-in candidate.
4036:. Ironwood Daily Globe. The Associated Press. November 6, 1969
3789:. Honolulu Star-Bulletin. Associated Press. September 10, 1969
2879:
individual to advance to a Detroit mayoral general election.
3865:"State, City Contests Run Neck-And-Neck On Sensitive Issues"
3195:
3920:. The Paducah Sun. The Associated Press. October 24, 1969.
3900:. The Paducah Sun. The Associated Press. October 24, 1969.
3488:"Black Auditor, White Sheriff Face Detroit Mayoral Runoff"
2964:
and improving housing conditions in Detroit's inner city.
4056:"RICHARD H. AUSTIN Michigan Secretary of State 1971-1994"
3198:
turnout in the city's 1,111 precincts was 60.89%, with a
3407:. The Kansas City Star. Associated Press. June 24, 1969
2867:
took place on November 4, 1969. It saw the election of
3613:
3611:
3186:
The election was seen to be a closely contested race.
3913:"Big City Mayoral Contests Highlight Nov. 4 Election"
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3591:
4029:"Dems Eye Detroit's Austin for Lieutenant Governor"
4027:
3999:
3968:
3937:
3911:
3891:
3863:
3835:
3780:
3724:
3617:
3588:
3486:
3441:
3398:
3347:
3698:"Black Mayoral Hopeful Unites Detroit's Minority"
3624:Annals of the Association of American Geographers
4303:
3994:
3992:
3704:. Johnson Publishing Company. September 25, 1969
144:
3939:""Turn This City Around" Pledges Detroit Mayor"
3570:"Head of Detroit Council Abandons Mayoral Race"
3342:
3340:
4096:
3989:
3620:"The Election of Black Mayors, 1969 and 1973"
3349:"Voting Tuesday Will Tell How Nixon Is Liked"
2840:
3807:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3495:. The Tampa Tribune. UPI. September 11, 1969
3481:
3479:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3337:
3313:
3311:
4103:
4089:
4001:"Sheriff Barely Wins Detroit Mayor's Post"
3782:"Detroit Negro Faces Uphill Mayoral Drive"
3436:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3422:
2847:
2833:
3768:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3963:
3961:
3618:O'Loughlin, John; Berg, Dale A. (1977).
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3462:
3308:
2890:1967 had seen the historic elections of
4008:. Palladium-Item. UPI. November 6, 1969
3931:
3929:
3927:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3686:
3419:
4304:
3935:
3737:
3665:"Negro Is Candidate for Detroit Mayor"
3374:
3318:Flint, Jerry M. (September 10, 1969).
2913:In June 1969, incumbent Detroit mayor
4084:
3958:
3723:Rowan, Carl T. (September 22, 1969).
3722:
3507:
3317:
3222:
3214:1969 Detroit mayoral general election
3076:
4312:1969 United States mayoral elections
3936:Ponder, Stephen (November 7, 1969).
3924:
3683:
3145:avoid politicizing racial conflict.
3844:. Chicago Tribune. November 5, 1969
3139:
2937:and incumbent Wayne County Auditor
2904:the Gary, Indiana mayoral, election
13:
3636:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1977.tb01135.x
3009:Among the factors that journalist
2910:as mayors of cities over 100,000.
14:
4338:
3375:Morial, Marc H. (July 31, 2017).
3183:-leaning Real Detroit Committee.
3837:"Gribbs Elected Detroit's Mayor"
2871:. The election was historic for
195:
72:
65:
24:
4048:
4020:
3970:"Mayors Face Array Of Problems"
3946:. The Tipton Daily Tribune. UPI
3904:
3884:
3856:
3828:
3801:
3750:"Detroit: A Victory for Reason"
3716:
3657:
3562:
3391:
3368:
2896:the Cleveland mayoral election
2882:The election was nonpartisan.
1:
3301:
3168:during the general election.
2885:
19:1969 Detroit mayoral election
4322:Mayoral elections in Detroit
4117:1969 United States elections
3274:
3189:
3068:1969 Detroit mayoral primary
7:
3296:Michigan secretary of state
2925:
10:
4343:
3377:"50 Years Of Black Mayors"
3064:drive in the inner city".
3035:
2920:
4241:
4213:
4128:
3288:Michigan Democratic Party
3259:
3246:
3233:
3228:
3225:
3126:
3113:
3100:
3087:
3082:
3079:
2962:Detroit Police Department
2906:, the first elections of
142:
57:
33:
23:
3726:"Detroit's Mayoral Race"
3294:. He ultimately ran for
4317:1969 Michigan elections
3171:Austin was endorsed by
2999:Robert L. Millender Sr.
3733:. Arizona Daily Star.
3400:"Out of Detroit Race"
189:Elections in Michigan
149:Mayor before election
3756:. September 19, 1969
3217:Nonpartisan election
3071:Nonpartisan election
2947:Detroit City Council
4065:. State of Michigan
3292:lieutenant governor
3219:
3173:United Steelworkers
3164:Mary Beck ran as a
3157:September 25, 1969
3073:
3043:electoral precincts
3004:United Auto Workers
2985:than Gribbs. As an
20:
4223:Maryland (special)
3669:The New York Times
3574:The New York Times
3548:The New York Times
3324:The New York Times
3213:
3200:standard deviation
3166:write-in candidate
3067:
2967:The New York Times
2900:Richard G. Hatcher
2224:Secretary of State
207:Federal government
113:Popular vote
18:
4299:
4298:
4276:New York City, NY
3821:978-1-60917-352-4
3550:. August 17, 1969
3272:
3271:
3248:Richard H. Austin
3137:
3136:
3089:Richard H. Austin
2939:Richard H. Austin
2873:Richard H. Austin
2857:
2856:
2822:
2821:
2781:
2780:
2740:
2739:
2689:
2688:
2448:
2447:
1656:
1655:
183:
182:
179:
178:
138:
137:
92:Richard H. Austin
53:
52:
38:← 1965
4334:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4060:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:
4031:
4024:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4003:
3996:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3972:
3965:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3941:
3933:
3922:
3921:
3915:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3895:
3888:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3867:
3860:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3839:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3784:
3777:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3746:
3735:
3734:
3728:
3720:
3714:
3713:
3711:
3709:
3694:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3661:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3615:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3576:. August 8, 1969
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3540:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3490:
3483:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3445:
3438:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3402:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3351:
3344:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3315:
3220:
3212:
3140:General election
3074:
3066:
3062:get-out-the-vote
3058:Associated Press
2995:campaign manager
2987:African American
2875:being the first
2865:mayoral election
2849:
2842:
2835:
2796:
2795:
2755:
2754:
2704:
2703:
2618:
2617:
2458:Ballot proposals
2145:Attorney General
1671:
1670:
1666:State government
212:
211:
199:
198:
185:
184:
145:
76:
69:
59:
58:
42:November 4, 1969
35:
34:
28:
21:
17:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4327:1969 in Detroit
4302:
4301:
4300:
4295:
4291:Springfield, MA
4271:New Orleans, LA
4261:Los Angeles, CA
4237:
4209:
4131:
4124:
4109:
4079:
4078:
4068:
4066:
4058:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4039:
4037:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4011:
4009:
3998:
3997:
3990:
3980:
3978:
3967:
3966:
3959:
3949:
3947:
3934:
3925:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3875:
3873:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3847:
3845:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3822:
3806:
3802:
3792:
3790:
3779:
3778:
3769:
3759:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3738:
3721:
3717:
3707:
3705:
3696:
3695:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3648:
3646:
3616:
3589:
3579:
3577:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3553:
3551:
3542:
3541:
3508:
3498:
3496:
3485:
3484:
3463:
3453:
3451:
3440:
3439:
3420:
3410:
3408:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3382:
3380:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3346:
3345:
3338:
3328:
3326:
3316:
3309:
3304:
3277:
3215:
3192:
3142:
3069:
3038:
2928:
2923:
2915:Jerome Cavanagh
2888:
2853:
2824:
2823:
2793:
2783:
2782:
2752:
2742:
2741:
2701:
2691:
2690:
2615:
2605:
2604:
2460:
2450:
2449:
2298:Auditor General
1674:State elections
1668:
1658:
1657:
209:
196:
171:
166:
156:
154:Jerome Cavanagh
151:
143:
29:
12:
11:
5:
4340:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4281:Pittsburgh, PA
4278:
4273:
4268:
4266:Manchester, NH
4263:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4235:
4230:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4177:
4176:
4175:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4159:Massachusetts
4157:
4156:
4155:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4136:
4134:
4126:
4125:
4108:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4085:
4077:
4076:
4047:
4034:Newspapers.com
4019:
4006:Newspapers.com
3988:
3975:Newspapers.com
3957:
3944:Newspapers.com
3923:
3918:Newspapers.com
3903:
3898:Newspapers.com
3883:
3870:Newspapers.com
3855:
3842:Newspapers.com
3827:
3820:
3800:
3787:Newspapers.com
3767:
3736:
3731:Newspapers.com
3715:
3682:
3671:. June 5, 1969
3656:
3630:(2): 223–238.
3587:
3561:
3506:
3493:Newspapers.com
3461:
3448:Newspapers.com
3418:
3405:Newspapers.com
3390:
3367:
3354:Newspapers.com
3336:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3191:
3188:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3037:
3034:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2887:
2884:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2817:
2812:
2804:
2803:
2794:
2789:
2788:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2763:
2762:
2753:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2712:
2711:
2702:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2626:
2625:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2372:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2302:
2301:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2149:
2148:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1274:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1244:
1243:
1242:
1232:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1068:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
954:
953:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
907:
906:
900:
899:
898:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
534:
533:
527:
526:
525:
524:
523:
522:
517:
507:
506:
505:
500:
490:
489:
488:
478:
477:
476:
471:
461:
460:
459:
454:
444:
443:
442:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
219:
218:
216:U.S. President
210:
205:
204:
201:
200:
192:
191:
181:
180:
177:
176:
161:
140:
139:
136:
135:
132:
127:
123:
122:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
82:
78:
77:
70:
63:
55:
54:
51:
50:
44:
39:
31:
30:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4339:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4286:St. Louis, MO
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4251:Cleveland, OH
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4106:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4092:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4064:
4057:
4051:
4035:
4030:
4023:
4007:
4002:
3995:
3993:
3976:
3971:
3964:
3962:
3945:
3940:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3919:
3914:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3887:
3871:
3866:
3859:
3843:
3838:
3831:
3823:
3817:
3814:. MSU Press.
3813:
3812:
3804:
3788:
3783:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3755:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3732:
3727:
3719:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3494:
3489:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3449:
3444:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3406:
3401:
3394:
3378:
3371:
3355:
3350:
3343:
3341:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3312:
3307:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3281:Coleman Young
3268:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3221:
3218:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3162:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3075:
3072:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3054:Voter turnout
3051:
3048:
3044:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3012:
3007:
3005:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2977:
2976:chemical mace
2973:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2933:
2918:
2916:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2850:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2786:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:2017 (recall)
2721:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2694:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2608:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2488:Proposal 06-2
2486:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2478:Proposal 04-2
2476:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1726:Gubernatorial
1724:
1723:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
952:
949:
948:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
909:
908:
905:
902:
901:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
537:
536:
535:
532:
529:
528:
521:
518:
516:
513:
512:
511:
508:
504:
501:
499:
496:
495:
494:
491:
487:
484:
483:
482:
479:
475:
472:
470:
467:
466:
465:
462:
458:
455:
453:
450:
449:
448:
445:
441:
438:
437:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
222:
221:
220:
217:
214:
213:
208:
203:
202:
194:
193:
190:
187:
186:
175:
174:
170:
165:
164:Elected mayor
162:
160:
159:
155:
150:
147:
146:
141:
133:
131:
128:
125:
124:
120:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
88:
87:
83:
80:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
61:
60:
56:
49: →
48:
45:
43:
40:
37:
36:
32:
27:
22:
16:
4255:
4069:November 25,
4067:. Retrieved
4063:michigan.gov
4062:
4050:
4040:November 25,
4038:. Retrieved
4033:
4022:
4012:November 25,
4010:. Retrieved
4005:
3981:November 25,
3979:. Retrieved
3974:
3950:November 25,
3948:. Retrieved
3943:
3917:
3906:
3897:
3886:
3876:November 25,
3874:. Retrieved
3869:
3858:
3848:November 25,
3846:. Retrieved
3841:
3830:
3810:
3803:
3793:November 24,
3791:. Retrieved
3786:
3760:November 26,
3758:. Retrieved
3753:
3730:
3718:
3708:November 24,
3706:. Retrieved
3702:Jet magazine
3701:
3675:November 25,
3673:. Retrieved
3668:
3659:
3649:November 24,
3647:. Retrieved
3627:
3623:
3580:November 25,
3578:. Retrieved
3573:
3564:
3554:November 25,
3552:. Retrieved
3547:
3499:November 25,
3497:. Retrieved
3492:
3454:November 24,
3452:. Retrieved
3447:
3411:November 25,
3409:. Retrieved
3404:
3393:
3381:. Retrieved
3370:
3360:November 25,
3358:. Retrieved
3353:
3329:November 25,
3327:. Retrieved
3323:
3285:
3278:
3235:Roman Gribbs
3216:
3209:
3205:
3193:
3185:
3181:conservative
3170:
3163:
3159:Jet magazine
3150:
3147:
3143:
3127:
3102:Roman Gribbs
3070:
3052:
3039:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3008:
2980:
2965:
2959:
2955:conservative
2951:heart attack
2935:Roman Gribbs
2929:
2912:
2908:Black people
2889:
2881:
2869:Roman Gribbs
2860:
2858:
2750:Grand Rapids
2631:
2317:State Senate
169:Roman Gribbs
167:
163:
152:
148:
129:
116:
86:Roman Gribbs
84:
41:
15:
4256:Detroit, MI
4179:New Jersey
4139:California
4121:→1970
4113:1968←
3263:(write-in)
2892:Carl Stokes
2376:State House
531:U.S. Senate
126:Percentage
107:Nonpartisan
102:Nonpartisan
4306:Categories
4228:New Jersey
4199:Wisconsin
4189:Tennessee
3893:"Big City"
3379:. HuffPost
3302:References
3223:Candidate
3077:Candidate
3030:right-wing
3011:Carl Rowan
2886:Background
2600:Proposal 3
2595:Proposal 2
2590:Proposal 1
2580:Proposal 2
2575:Proposal 1
2565:Proposal 3
2560:Proposal 2
2555:Proposal 1
2545:Proposal 1
2535:Proposal 6
2530:Proposal 5
2525:Proposal 4
2520:Proposal 3
2515:Proposal 2
2510:Proposal 1
2498:Proposal 1
2468:Proposal E
904:U.S. House
173:Democratic
158:Democratic
81:Candidate
4215:Governors
4149:Illinois
4115:)
3275:Aftermath
3261:Mary Beck
3177:Teamsters
3115:Mary Beck
2943:Mary Beck
2802:elections
2761:elections
2710:elections
2657:2009 (sp)
2624:elections
2378:elections
2362:2021 (sp)
2319:elections
2300:elections
2226:elections
2147:elections
1728:elections
770:1952 (sp)
725:1928 (sp)
715:1924 (sp)
680:1907 (sp)
665:1903 (sp)
650:1895 (sp)
625:1881 (sp)
615:1879 (sp)
580:1862 (sp)
560:1849 (sp)
545:1840 (sp)
4233:Virginia
4169:Montana
4119: (
3252:250,751
3239:257,714
3106:105,640
3093:124,941
3047:racially
2972:Democrat
2926:Campaign
121:250,751
4153:13th sp
4143:27th sp
3644:2561862
3266:~2,000
3190:Results
3119:71,055
3036:Results
2983:liberal
2932:Sheriff
2921:Primary
2863:Detroit
2800:Mayoral
2791:Lansing
2759:Mayoral
2708:Mayoral
2622:Mayoral
2613:Detroit
1632:13th sp
1610:11th sp
1498:13th sp
1439:14th sp
1402:15th sp
1372:11th sp
1240:13th sp
1163:10th sp
1093:11th sp
134:49.40%
117:257,714
62:
4243:Mayors
4193:8th sp
4183:8th sp
4173:2nd sp
4163:6th sp
3818:
3642:
3383:May 9,
3255:49.40
3242:50.60
3226:Votes
3128:Others
3080:Votes
2350:4th sp
1548:3rd sp
1508:4th sp
1476:8th sp
1471:5th sp
1427:1st sp
1347:5th sp
1325:3rd sp
1305:8th sp
1280:3rd sp
1265:3rd sp
1250:3rd sp
1223:2nd sp
1188:5th sp
1138:3rd sp
1123:1st sp
1108:5th sp
1066:7th sp
1036:5th sp
1021:4th sp
951:1st sp
130:50.60%
98:Party
4132:House
4130:U.S.
4059:(PDF)
3640:JSTOR
3154:Black
3122:21.5
3109:32.9
3096:37.7
2991:White
2877:Black
2861:1969
2699:Flint
2346:2016
1544:1993
1504:1981
1423:1961
1398:1955
1368:1947
1321:1935
1301:1931
1276:1925
1261:1923
1246:1921
1219:1917
1184:1907
1159:1901
1134:1895
1119:1893
1104:1891
1062:1881
1032:1873
1017:1871
947:1847
4071:2021
4042:2021
4014:2021
3983:2021
3952:2021
3878:2021
3850:2021
3816:ISBN
3795:2021
3762:2021
3754:Time
3710:2021
3677:2021
3651:2021
3582:2021
3556:2021
3501:2021
3456:2021
3413:2021
3385:2019
3362:2021
3331:2021
3196:Mean
3022:Time
3017:Time
2997:was
2898:and
2859:The
2815:2021
2810:2017
2774:2019
2769:2015
2733:2022
2728:2019
2718:2015
2682:2025
2677:2021
2672:2017
2667:2013
2662:2009
2652:2005
2647:2001
2642:1997
2637:1973
2632:1969
2586:2022
2571:2020
2551:2018
2541:2015
2505:2012
2494:2008
2484:2006
2474:2004
2464:1996
2441:2024
2436:2022
2431:2020
2426:2018
2421:2016
2416:2014
2411:2012
2406:2010
2401:2008
2396:2006
2391:2004
2386:2002
2367:2022
2357:2018
2342:2014
2337:2010
2332:2006
2327:2002
2308:1962
2289:2022
2284:2018
2279:2014
2274:2010
2269:2006
2264:2002
2259:1998
2254:1994
2249:1990
2244:1986
2239:1982
2234:1978
2215:2022
2210:2018
2205:2014
2200:2010
2195:2006
2190:2002
2185:1998
2180:1994
2175:1990
2170:1986
2165:1982
2160:1978
2155:1974
2136:2022
2131:2018
2126:2014
2121:2010
2116:2006
2111:2002
2106:1998
2101:1994
2096:1990
2091:1986
2086:1982
2081:1978
2076:1974
2071:1970
2066:1966
2061:1964
2056:1962
2051:1960
2046:1958
2041:1956
2036:1954
2031:1952
2026:1950
2021:1948
2016:1946
2011:1944
2006:1942
2001:1940
1996:1938
1991:1936
1986:1934
1981:1932
1976:1930
1971:1928
1966:1926
1961:1924
1956:1922
1951:1920
1946:1918
1941:1916
1936:1914
1931:1912
1926:1910
1921:1908
1916:1906
1911:1904
1906:1902
1901:1900
1896:1898
1891:1896
1886:1894
1881:1892
1876:1890
1871:1888
1866:1886
1861:1884
1856:1882
1851:1880
1846:1878
1841:1876
1836:1874
1831:1872
1826:1870
1821:1868
1816:1866
1811:1864
1806:1862
1801:1860
1796:1858
1791:1856
1786:1854
1781:1852
1776:1851
1771:1849
1766:1847
1761:1845
1756:1843
1751:1841
1746:1839
1741:1837
1736:1835
1717:2024
1712:2022
1707:2021
1702:2020
1697:2018
1692:2016
1687:2014
1682:2010
1649:2024
1644:2022
1639:2020
1627:2018
1622:2016
1617:2014
1605:11th
1600:2012
1595:2010
1590:2008
1585:2006
1580:2004
1575:2002
1570:2000
1565:1998
1560:1996
1555:1994
1540:1992
1535:1990
1530:1988
1525:1986
1520:1984
1515:1982
1493:1980
1488:1978
1483:1976
1466:1974
1461:1972
1456:1970
1451:1968
1446:1964
1434:1962
1419:1960
1414:1958
1409:1956
1394:1954
1389:1952
1384:1950
1379:1948
1364:1946
1359:1944
1354:1942
1342:1940
1337:1938
1332:1936
1317:1934
1312:1932
1297:1930
1292:1928
1287:1926
1272:1924
1257:1922
1235:1920
1230:1918
1215:1916
1210:1914
1205:1912
1200:1910
1195:1908
1180:1906
1175:1904
1170:1902
1155:1900
1150:1898
1145:1896
1130:1894
1115:1892
1100:1890
1088:1888
1083:1886
1078:1884
1073:1882
1058:1880
1053:1878
1048:1876
1043:1874
1028:1872
1013:1870
1008:1868
1003:1866
998:1864
993:1862
988:1860
983:1858
978:1856
973:1854
968:1852
963:1850
958:1848
943:1846
938:1844
933:1843
928:1840
923:1838
918:1837
913:1835
895:2026
890:2024
885:2020
880:2018
875:2014
870:2012
865:2008
860:2006
855:2002
850:2000
845:1996
840:1994
835:1990
830:1988
825:1984
820:1982
815:1978
810:1976
805:1972
800:1970
795:1966
790:1964
785:1960
780:1958
775:1954
765:1952
760:1948
755:1946
750:1942
745:1940
740:1936
735:1934
730:1930
720:1928
710:1924
705:1922
700:1918
695:1916
690:1913
685:1911
675:1907
670:1905
660:1901
655:1899
645:1895
640:1893
635:1889
630:1887
620:1881
610:1877
605:1874
600:1871
595:1869
590:1865
585:1863
575:1858
570:1857
565:1853
555:1847
550:1841
540:1835
510:2024
493:2020
481:2016
464:2012
447:2008
435:2004
430:2000
425:1996
420:1992
415:1988
410:1984
405:1980
400:1976
395:1972
390:1968
385:1964
380:1960
375:1956
370:1952
365:1948
360:1944
355:1940
350:1936
345:1932
340:1928
335:1924
330:1920
325:1916
320:1912
315:1908
310:1904
305:1900
300:1896
295:1892
290:1888
285:1884
280:1880
275:1876
270:1872
265:1868
260:1864
255:1860
250:1856
245:1852
240:1848
235:1844
230:1840
225:1836
47:1973
4203:7th
3632:doi
2902:in
2894:in
520:GOP
515:Dem
503:GOP
498:Dem
486:Dem
474:GOP
469:Dem
457:GOP
452:Dem
440:Dem
4308::
4061:.
4032:.
4004:.
3991:^
3973:.
3960:^
3942:.
3926:^
3916:.
3896:.
3868:.
3840:.
3785:.
3770:^
3752:.
3739:^
3729:.
3700:.
3685:^
3667:.
3638:.
3628:67
3626:.
3622:.
3590:^
3572:.
3546:.
3509:^
3491:.
3464:^
3446:.
3421:^
3403:.
3352:.
3339:^
3322:.
3310:^
3229:%
3175:,
3083:%
3006:.
4123:)
4111:(
4104:e
4097:t
4090:v
4073:.
4044:.
4016:.
3985:.
3954:.
3880:.
3852:.
3824:.
3797:.
3764:.
3712:.
3679:.
3653:.
3634::
3584:.
3558:.
3503:.
3458:.
3415:.
3387:.
3364:.
3333:.
2848:e
2841:t
2834:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.png){kind=small}
.jpg)
.png)