7239:
Papadopoulos and
Markezinis." Quote: "Thus the students had been played straight into the hands of Ioannidis, who looked upon the coming elections with a jaundiced eye." Quote: "The latter would insist until the end of his life that subversion on behalf… Markezinis was known for his independence to the US interests." Quote: "In that situation Ioannidis was emerging as a solution for the officers, in sharp contrast to Papadopoulos, whose accumulation 'of so many offices and titles (President of Republic, Prime Minister, minister of Defence) was harming the seriousness of the regime and giving it an unacceptable image, which was not left un-exploited by its opponents". Quote: "The first attempt of Papadopoulos to start a process of reform occurred in the spring of 1968. He was claiming that if the 'Revolution' stayed more than a certain time in power, it would lose its dynamics and transform into a 'regime', which was not in his intentions. He tried to implicate Markezinis in the attempt; however, he met the stiff resistance of the hard-liners. Another attempt was again frustrated in the end of 1969 and the beginning of 1970; Papadopoulos was then disappointed and complaining 'I am being subverted by my fellow Evelpides cadets!’ As a result of this second failure, he considered resigning in the summer of 1970, complaining that he lacked any support from other leading figures, his own closest followers included. But the rest of the faction leaders renewed their trust to him." Quote: "The 1973 oil crisis finally dealt a real financial shock to the Greek economy, as it did to all non-oil producing countries, and marked the end of inflation-free growth in Greece for more than two decades."
2605:'s statement that the ancient Greeks invented everything and went on to say: "Foreigners confess and acknowledge Greek superiority. Human civilization was wholly fashioned by our race. Even the enemies of Greece recognize that civilization is an exclusively Greek creation". Ladas went on to denounce young men with long hair as "the degenerate phenomenon of hippy-ism", calling hippies "anti-social elements, drug addicts, sex maniacs, thieves, etc. It is only natural that they should be enemies of the army and the ideals which the military way of life serves". Ladas ended his speech by arguing that Greeks for racial reasons were still the world's preeminent people, but had only declined of inadequate leadership, a problem which had been solved by the "revolution" of 21 April 1967. Ladas claimed that Greece under military leadership would be "cured" of its problems and resume its rightful place in the world. Clogg noted that before the coup, Ladas had been associated with the far-right
987:
3728:
344:
2453:, with over 92 per cent approval. However, the referendum was conducted in less-than-free circumstances; the regime deployed extensive propaganda in favour of the new document while muzzling any opposition. Under the new constitution, the regency would continue until elections were held, unless the junta called Constantine back sooner (though Constantine never acknowledged, let alone recognized, the regency). However, the junta announced that the "Revolution of April 21" (as the regime called itself) would need time to reform the "Greek mentality" before holding elections. It also suspended most of the constitution's guarantees of civil rights until the restoration of civilian rule.
3976:
11089:
1912:
2344:
2330:
2316:
2299:
2271:
1974:
1962:
1948:
1846:
902:
2018:
2006:
1992:
1884:
2796:
7169:. "In addition the writing-off of agricultural debts, the gradual abolition of hard monetary policy and the supply of loans for opportunist investments created a climate of economic euphoria (mainly in 1970–1973). Although the way in which loans were being provided and their uncontrollable use constituted the introduction to the process of de-industrialization which begins with the Ioannidis period. The collapse of the dictatorship, due to the nationalist fury of the last period, the Ioannidis period, led to the collapse of the compulsive interconnections of power that the civil war and its consequences had shaped." p. 12
7632:, 23 July 2004 quote1: "My friend had been sworn in as a minister by mistake. After his coup, Ioannidis dispatched military policemen in jeeps to round up the people he needed to man a puppet government. When they turned up at my friend's home and ordered him to follow them, he was convinced that the soldiers intended to shoot him." quote 2: "The meeting lasted five hours. Then there was a break, and by the time the meeting resumed, Evangelos Averoff, the former foreign minister, who was there, had already telephoned Constantine Karamanlis in Paris to urge him to return immediately and assume the reins of power."
7787:. 5 August 1974. Quote: "Denied Benefits. When the Council of Europe tried to investigate charges that the regime was torturing prisoners, Athens quit the respected if powerless body rather than risk the inquiry. The Common Market was so repelled by the actions of the junta that it expelled Greece from associate membership in the EEC, thus denying the Greek economy some $ 300 million annually in agricultural benefits." and "Caramanlis called the crisis 'a national tragedy' and appealed to Greece's armed forces to bring about a 'political change' in a liberal and democratic direction." Retrieved 6 July 2008
419:
1924:
1767:
328:
4329:
of the junta was finally out in the open. Ioannidis, however, did not make these accusations personally as he always tried to avoid unnecessary publicity. The radio broadcasts, following the now familiar "coup in progress" scenario featuring martial music interspersed with military orders and curfew announcements, kept repeating that the army was taking back the reins of power in order to save the principles of the revolution and that the overthrow of the
Papadopoulos-Markezinis government was supported by the army, navy and air force.
4286:
4275:
4263:
4252:
4235:
4212:
2475:
4223:
2287:
1900:
3359:') and cancelling all agricultural loans. By further insisting on promoting, but not really enforcing for fear of middle-class backlash, religion and patriotism, he further appealed to the simpler ideals of rural Greece and strengthened his image as people's champion among farmers, who tended to ridicule the middle class. Furthermore, the regime promoted a policy of economic development in rural areas, which were mostly neglected by the previous governments, that had focused largely on urban industrial development.
2812:
7898:– A Comparative Analysis Stephen A. Garrett International Studies Association 41st Annual Convention Los Angeles, CA 14–18 March 2000 Quote: "Perhaps as important as anything else in establishing the vulnerability of that regime to prosecution was its total discreditation as an institution. Certainly the Cyprus fiasco played a key role here, but also important was the failure of the Papadopolous/Ioannidis government ever 'to consolidate, to institutionalize and to legitimate itself'."
407:
11280:
2781:
2777:(ESA), with an estimated 3,500 people detained in torture centres run by ESA. Commonly used methods of torture included, but were not limited to, beating the soles of detainees' feet, sexual torture, choking and ripping out body hair. The Special Interrogation Unit of the Greek Military Police (EAT/ESA) used a combination of techniques that included continuous standing in an empty room, sleep and food deprivation, beatings and loud sounds.
2581:, stating that consumerism had destroyed the Christian spiritual values of the West, leaving Greece as the last solitary outpost of Christian civilization. In the same book, Georgalas stated the solution to social problems was not as many believed increased employment, but instead "lengthy psycho-therapeutic programmes" which would create "the free man in harmonious co-existence with himself and his fellow beings". The British historian
2457:
The King's portrait remained on coins, in public buildings, etc., but slowly, the military chipped away at the institution of the monarchy: the royal family's tax immunity was abolished, the complex network of royal charities was brought under direct state control, the royal arms were removed from coins, the Navy and Air Force dropped their "Royal" names, and newspapers were prohibited from publishing the King's photo or any interviews.
11292:
3554:
1339:
90:
948:
927:
49:
6003:
to answer questions because brain damage caused by beatings had left him mute and semiparalyzed. Communicating by groans and gestures, glaring at the defendants, Moustaklis clumsily tore his shirt open to reveal the scars that marked his body. Said his wife: 'We have a little girl who has never heard her father's voice.' Verdicts on the 31 accused, which could lead to maximum sentences of 25 years, are due next month.
7339:
3930:, which declares that "all governments ... are determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage and civilisation of their peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, individual liberty and the rule of law", and, leaving formation, sailed for Rome. There, anchored about 3.5 nautical miles (6 km) away from the coast of Fiumicino, three ensigns sailed ashore with a whaleboat, went to
7077:Η Ορχήστρα Σύγχρονης Μουσικής της ΕΡΤ υπό τη διεύθυνση του Στάθη Σούλη παρουσιάζει ένα μοναδικό μουσικό ταξίδι με ένα έργο ορόσημο της ελληνικής ροκ σκηνής , το Σάββατο 15 Σεπτεμβρίου, στις 20:30, στο "Κηποθέατρο" του Δήμου Παπάγου. 40 χρόνια μετά "Τα απέραντα χωράφια" του Κώστα Τουρνά θα ακουστούν ξανά με τη σύμπραξη της Ορχήστρας Σύγχρονης Μουσικής της ΕΡΤ σε μια βραδιά-αφιέρωμα στη μουσική του...
4540:
192:
3861:
2175:
government had legal sanction, in that it had been appointed by the legitimate head of state, played an important role in the coup's success. The King was later to regret his decision bitterly. For many Greeks, it served to identify him indelibly with the coup and certainly played an important role in the final decision to abolish the monarchy, sanctioned by the 1974 referendum.
1606:
standards had collapsed in the 1940s, and Greek politics were stable. Kassimeris argued that since
Papadopoulos played a large role in writing the 1952 manifesto, that it was his "personal ambition" rather than an objective fear of the Greek communists that was driving him forward because in no way could Greece be presented as being on the brink of a communist take-over in 1952.
4374:
3643:, escorted by his personal security motorcycles and cars. Alexandros Panagoulis ignited a bomb at a point of the coastal road where the limousine carrying Papadopoulos had to slow down, but the bomb failed to harm Papadopoulos. Panagoulis was captured a few hours later in a nearby sea cave, as the boat that would let him escape the scene of the attack had not shown up.
6888:. "Socrates will probably never get inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. But while other groups were becoming well known in the free world, this Hendrix-style blues band was playing to standing-room-only crowds in a small club in Athens, during Greece's military dictatorship, a period when even Rolling Stone albums were hard to find, and for a time illegal."
3527:, Europa Civiltà, and FUAN-La Caravella. (cf Frattini, Entity, 2004, p. 304) The Italians were impressed. Upon returning to their country, they escalated their political violence, embarking on a terror campaign of bombings and other violence which killed and injured hundreds. Afterwards, the right-wing instigators of this violence blamed the communists.
1538:
7507:"Mr President and the Junta" Ελευθεροτυπία, 30 September 2007 Eleftherotypia 30 September 2007 Quote: "Τη δημιουργία της «Επιτροπής» εξήγγειλε στις 10.4.70 ο δικτάτορας Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος σε συνέντευξη Τύπου, ως μέτρο φιλελευθεροποίησης του καθεστώτος. Οπως εξήγησε στους ξένους και Ελληνες δημοσιογράφους, ο Παπαδόπουλος χρησιμοποίησε τον όρο «
3650:(EAT-ESA) offices, where he was questioned, beaten, and tortured (see the proceedings of Theofiloyiannakos's trial). On 17 November 1968, he was sentenced to death. He remained in prison for five years. After democracy was restored, Panagoulis was elected into Parliament. He is regarded as emblematic of the struggle to restore democracy.
4027:'), it was bicameral, composed of the Central Advisory Council and the Provincial Advisory Council. The Central Council met in Athens in the Parliament Building. Both councils had the purpose to advise the dictator. At the time of the announcement of the formation of the council, Papadopoulos explained that he wanted to avoid using the term
2198:
nothing to prevent the government (and especially his chosen prime minister, Kollias) from legally instituting the authoritarian government to come. This same government published and enforced a decree, already proclaimed on radio as the coup was in progress, instituting martial law. Constantine claimed he never signed that decree either.
2586:
consumerism were corroding the spiritual strength of the Greek people, and the military regime would "cure" the Greeks by restoring the traditional values of
Orthodoxy (Greek Christianity). One of Papadopoulos' first acts after the coup was to change the pension laws to allow the veterans of the Security Battalions to collect pensions.
7598:, and: "the notorious Brigadier Dimitrios Ioannidis now serving a life sentence for his part in the 1967 seizure of power – immediately scrapped a programme of liberalisation introduced earlier" and: "His was but to do the bidding of a junta strongman who had never made a secret of his belief that Greeks were not ready for democracy."
5922:"At 0643 on April 21, 1967, Armed Forces Central Radio announced that a Royal Decree had been promulgated implementing the suspension procedure. The statement was fraudulent. The king had signed no decree and most of the cabinet who were supposed to have proposed it, including Prime Minister Panayotis Kanellopoulos, were under arrest."
3849:, he protested against human right violations. He was arrested and tortured by the police, as he did not carry, on purpose, any papers on him that could identify him as a foreigner. After his identity was revealed, Wallraff was convicted and sentenced to 14 months in jail. He was released in August, after the end of the dictatorship.
2498:, 'revolution to save the nation'). Their official justification was that a "communist conspiracy" had infiltrated Greece's bureaucracy, academia, press, and military, to such an extent that drastic action was needed to protect the country from communist takeover. Thus, the defining characteristic of the Junta was its staunch
2077:, effectively gaining complete control of the city. At the same time, a large number of small mobile units were dispatched to arrest leading politicians, authority figures, and ordinary citizens suspected of left-wing sympathies, according to lists prepared in advance. One of the first to be arrested was Lieutenant General
6794:. "Because tourism is such an important part of the Greek economy, the bans on mini-skirts, long hair and other symbols of decadence are not enforced." and "Places like Paradise Beach in Mykonos and Matala, Crete become hippy colonies, made up mostly of foreigners and a handful of adventurous young Greeks."
6716:. "In 1971 the movie Woodstock is shown in Athens, causing near riots. For young people it is one of the most exciting events of the period and when Jimi Hendrix appears on the screen the glow of a thousand bic-lighters and candles fills the theater." and "Savopoulos becomes a hero of the youth. His album
5776:Η μεταφορά ωστόσο, είναι ο κυρίαρχος ρητορικός τρόπος που χρησιμοποιεί οΠαπαδόπουλος στους λόγους του. Θυμίζω το περίφημο διάγγελμά του: "ευρισκόμεθα προενός ασθενούς, τον οποίον έχομεν επί χειρουργικής κλίνης…οι περιορισμοί είναι ηπρόσδεσις του ασθενούς επί κλίνης δια να υποστή ακινδύνως την εγχείρισιν
406:
6002:
Witness after witness testified that within a week of
Papadopoulos' 21 April 1967, coup more than 8,000 had been arrested. Of these, 6,188 were banished into exile. Another 3,500 were subsequently sent to ESA torture centers. One prosecution witness, former Colonel Spyridon Moustaklis, 49, was unable
4601:
in 2002, the majority of the electoral body (54.7%) consider the regime to have been bad or harmful for Greece while 20.7% consider it to have been good for Greece and 19.8% believe that it was neither good nor harmful. In April 2013, the Metron
Analysis Poll, found that 30% of Greeks yearned for the
4328:
Papadopoulos and his junta always claimed that the 21 April 1967 "revolution" saved Greece from the old party system. Now
Ioannidis was, in effect, claiming that his coup saved the revolution from the Papadopoulos faction. The dysfunction as well as the ideological fragmentation and fractionalisation
4083:
Papadopoulos' heavy-handed attempt at liberalisation did not find favour among many in Greece. The stilted democratisation process he proposed was constrained by multiple factors. His inexperience at carrying out an unprecedented political experiment of democratisation was burdened by his tendency to
3539:
on 12 December 1969. The Greek junta was so impressed with the manner in which their
Italian counterparts were paving the way toward an Italian coup d'état that, on 15 May 1969, Papadopoulos sent them a congratulatory message stating that "His Excellency the Prime Minister notes that the efforts that
2850:
was revoked and no political demonstrations were allowed. Surveillance on citizens was a fact of life, even during permitted social activities. That had a continuously chilling effect on the population who realized that, even though they were allowed certain social activities, they could not overstep
2671:
medical metaphors, where he or the junta assumed the role of the "medical doctor". The supposed "patient" was Greece. Typically
Papadopoulos or the junta portrayed themselves as the "doctor" who operated on the "patient" by putting the patient's "foot" in an orthopedic cast and applying restraints on
2460:
During this period, resistance against the colonels' rule became better organized among exiles in Europe and the United States. There was also considerable political infighting within the junta. Still, up until 1973, the junta appeared in firm control of Greece, and not likely to be ousted by violent
7483:
Quote: "Δύο μεγάλα αθλητικά γεγονότα μέσα στην ίδια χρονιά, το 1971, έφεραν την Ελλάδα ξανά στο προσκήνιο μετά τη διεθνή απομόνωσή της για τρία χρόνια εξαιτίας του θλιβερού πραξικοπήματος του 1967. Θέλοντας να δημιουργήσει την εντύπωση μιας δήθεν φιλελευθεροποίησης στη λειτουργία του πολιτεύματος, ο
4095:
was always strong in Greece, even before the dictatorship. Papadopoulos tried hard to suppress and discredit the student movement during his tenure at the helm of the junta. But the liberalisation process he undertook allowed the students to organise more freely, and this gave the opportunity to the
3320:
was actively encouraged by
Papadopoulos' government and, funding scandals notwithstanding, there was great development of the tourist sector. With tourism came nightlife. However, under Papadopoulos, in the absence of any civil rights these sociocultural freedoms existed in a legal vacuum that meant
2791:
According to recent research based on new interviews with survivors, in the period from May to November 1973 this combination of interrogation techniques also included the repetition of songs that were popular hits of the time. These were played loudly and repeatedly from loudspeakers. These methods
2456:
In a legally controversial move, even under the junta's own Constitution, the Cabinet voted on 21 March 1972 to oust Zoitakis and replace him with Papadopoulos, thus combining the offices of regent and prime minister. It was thought Zoitakis was problematic and interfered too much with the military.
2359:
From the outset, the relationship between Constantine and the colonels was an uneasy one. The colonels were not willing to share power, whereas the young king, like his father before him, was used to playing an active role in politics and would never consent to being a mere figurehead, especially in
1750:
The deposed King's adoption of Sulzberger's claims against Karamanlis was castigated by Greece's left-leaning media, which denounced Karamanlis as "shameless" and "brazen". At the time Constantine referred exclusively to Sulzberger's account to support the theory of a planned coup by Karamanlis, and
1711:
what the American attitude would be to an extra-parliamentary solution to the problem. To this the embassy responded negatively in principle – adding, however, that, "U.S. reaction to such a move cannot be determined in advance but would depend on circumstances at the time." Constantine denies this.
3987:
for the "dictatorship") to become a "regime". He attempted to initiate reforms in 1969 and 1970 but was thwarted by the hardline members of the junta, including Ioannidis. Subsequent to his 1970 failed attempt at reform, he threatened to resign. He was dissuaded when the hardliners renewed their
3954:
The collapse of the junta both ideologically and politically was triggered by a series of events which unfolded soon after Papadopoulos' attempt at liberalisation, with ideological collapse preceding its eventual political collapse. During and following this ill-fated process the internal political
2859:
The junta allowed citizens to participate in ordinary societal events such as rock concerts. However, citizens lived in extreme fear, as any behaviour that the junta disapproved of, coupled with the complete absence of any civil rights or freedoms, could easily result in torture, beatings, exile or
2197:
In the meantime, the government was to rule by decree. Since traditionally such Constituent Acts did not need to be signed by the Crown, the King never signed it, permitting him to claim, years later, that he had never signed any document instituting the junta. Critics claim that Constantine II did
2174:
The King, who had relented and decided to co-operate, claimed till his death that he was isolated and did not know what else to do. He has since claimed that he was trying to gain time to organise a counter-coup and oust the Junta. He did organise such a counter-coup; however, the fact that the new
2170:
When the tanks came to the streets of Athens on 21 April, the legitimate National Radical Union government, of which Rallis was a member, asked King Constantine to immediately mobilise the state against the coup; he declined to do so, and swore in a new government in accordance with the putschists'
1706:
According to U.S. diplomat John Day, Washington also worried that Andreas Papandreou would have a very powerful role in the next government, because of his father's old age. According to Robert Keely and John Owens, American diplomats present in Athens at the time, Constantine asked U.S. Ambassador
7296:
Quote: "Αλλά, για να έρθει και η ψυχική κάθαρση να βγουν τα κιτάπια των τραπεζών για τα θαλασσοδάνεια που πήραν επί χούντας οι ευυπόληπτοι πολίτες και αγόρασαν γη και οικόπεδα για να κτίσουν." Translation: "... for the loans of the sea which were received, during the junta years, by respected
3962:
This had the effect of seriously weakening the coherence of the political message and, consequently, the regime's credibility. Later events showed that this was a fatal blow, from which the junta never recovered. At the same time, during Papadopoulos' attempt at liberalisation, some of the junta
5673:
And yet metaphor was a necessary part of his persuasive rhetoric; he described Greece as a patient to convince journalists ... Papadopoulos's desire for a mimetic relationship between what one said and what one meant is evident in his press law, which ... doses; that the 'cast' would be
4571:
The historical repercussions of the junta were profound and are still felt to this day in Greece. Internally the absence of civil rights and the oppression that followed created a sense of fear and persecution among many in the population creating trauma and division that persisted long after the
3922:
Pappas believed that since his fellow anti-junta officers had been arrested, there was no more hope for a movement inside Greece. He therefore decided to act alone in order to motivate global public opinion. He mustered all the crew to the stern and announced his decision, which was received with
3483:
practice of granting ill advised loans to would be hoteliers in order to promote the tourism industry. This fostered the erection of a multitude of hotels, sometimes in non-tourist areas, and with no underlying business rationale. Several such hotels were abandoned unfinished as soon as the loans
2685:
We have a patient. We have put him in a plaster cast. We are checking him to find out if he can walk without the plaster cast. We break the initial cast, potentially to replace it with a new one, where necessary. The referendum shall become a general overview of the patient's capabilities. Let us
7883:
It was clear that this was a critical day for the future of Greece. Turkey had invaded Cyprus on 20 July while the general mobilisation ordered by the Greek regime turned out to be a major fiasco. The civilian government of Adamantios Androutsopoulos, appointed by the second junta under Military
2944:
in September 1967. The Commission on Human Rights took the exceptional step of constituting a Sub-Commission to investigate the accusations of gross human rights abuses. The sub-commission reported its extensive on-site investigation and unearthed significant evidence of torture and human rights
4324:
group of army officers with exactly the same ideals who came to save Greece by using their collective wisdom. The main tenet of the junta ideology (and mythology) was gone and so was the collective. By default, he remained the only man at the top after toppling the other three principals of the
3367:
While never strongly supported by the urban middle class, they at first generally accepted Papadopoulos's rule (albeit reluctantly). Bourgeois Greeks acquiesced to the junta with the understanding that the dictatorship would be temporary and that the colonels would hold free elections upon the
2193:
Up until then constitutional legitimacy had been preserved, since under the Greek Constitution the King could appoint whomever he wanted as prime minister, as long as Parliament endorsed the appointment with a vote of confidence or a general election was called. It was this government, sworn-in
1712:
According to Talbot, Constantine met the army generals, who promised him that they would not take any action before the coming elections. However, the proclamations of Andreas Papandreou made them nervous, and they resolved to re-examine their decision after seeing the results of the elections.
1660:
clashed with liberal reformers. In July 1964, Papandreou announced his intention to fire those officers belonging to IDEA, whom the king did not want dismissed, claiming it was his royal prerogative to protect the IDEA officers, which in turn led to massive demonstrations in Athens, which had a
7578:
quote:A military communiqué announced the overthrow of the government was supported by the army, navy and air force and said it was a "continuation of the revolution of 1967", when the Greek colonels, headed by Mr Papadopoulos, seized control. The statement went on to accuse Mr Papadopoulos of
7532:
Quote: "Οι Ιωαννίδης και Ρουφογάλης, δια των εις αυτούς πιστών Αξιωματικών και πρακτόρων, επηρεάζουν σοβαρώς και σαφώς την όλην επιχείρησιν, εξαπολύοντες κύμα βιαιοτήτων και πυροβολισμών, επί τω τέλει της δημιουργίας ευνοϊκών δια την προαποφασισθείσαν κίνησιν συνθηκών ασφαλείας, αναταραχής και
7238:
Quote: "The Americans asked the Greek government to allow the use of their bases in Greek territory and air space to supply Israel; Markezinis, backed by Papadopoulos, denied on the grounds of maintaining good relations with the Arab countries. This denial is said to have turned the US against
3813:
for four months, fearing public reaction and protests. At the time, his death caused a sensation in Greece and abroad, as it was the first tangible manifestation of the depth of resistance against the junta. He is the only known anti-junta resistance activist to have sacrificed himself. He is
3122:
in mass media in order to help solidify the relationship between the junta and Greek national identity, in turn legitimizing its rule over the country. The regime sponsored song contests and concerts featuring folk musicians throughout its existence. The favoured types of music employed by the
2419:
In the circumstances, middle-ranking pro-junta officers neutralised and arrested Constantine's royalist generals and took command of their units, and subsequently put together a force to advance on Kavala to arrest the King. The junta, not at all shaken by the loss of their figurehead premier,
1746:
to lobby for a conservative coup that would establish Karamanlis as Greece's leader; Sulzberger alleges that Norstad declined to involve himself in such affairs. Sulzberger's account rests solely on the authority of his and Norstad's word. When, in 1997, the former King reiterated Sulzberger's
6335:
Many democratic-minded Greeks resent the open U.S. support of the Papadopoulos dictatorship. Last month Washington gave further evidence of its acceptance of his regime by negotiating for home-port rights in the bays near Athens for the Mediterranean-based Sixth Fleet. In addition, the Nixon
3677:, with copies simultaneously distributed to every newspaper in Athens. Attacking the colonels, he passionately demanded that "This anomaly must end". Seferis died before the junta ended. His funeral, on 20 September 1972, turned into a massive demonstration against the military government.
2597:
for running an article saying that homosexuality was accepted as normal in ancient Greece. When the BBC's Greek service reported the incident, Ladas gave a rant at a press conference, claiming that the BBC was run by homosexuals, making him into a sort of unofficial spokesman for the regime.
1605:
In 1952, IDEA issued a manifesto stating that a dictatorship was the only possible solution to Greece's problems, which the Greek scholar Christos Kassimeris called an "astonishing" statement since the communists had been defeated in 1949, Greece was enjoying relative prosperity after living
2585:
described the writings of Georgalas and Konstantopoluos as "pretentious verbiage", claiming that they tended to use elaborate and impressive-sounding language to mask the shallowness of their theories. In essence, intellectuals like Georgalas and Konstantopoulos argued that materialism and
2433:
The flight of Constantine and Kollias left Greece with no legal government or head of state. This did not concern the military junta. Instead the Revolutionary Council, composed of Pattakos, Papadopoulos, and Makarezos, appointed another member to the military administration, Major General
2676:
We are in front of a patient who we have on a surgical bed, and who, should the surgeon not strap on the surgical bed during the operation and the anesthesia, there is a probability, rather than the surgery granting him the restoration of the health, to lead him to his death. ... The
1629:
network. Although there have been persistent rumors about an active support of the coup by the U.S. government, there is no evidence to support such claims. The timing of the coup apparently caught the CIA by surprise. Nevertheless, the United States did support the military dictatorship.
3135:
was so strongly featured in the music of the junta, it remains associated with the Colonels by many Greeks today. The ideology behind the promotion of folk music was twofold: to bridge the gap of continuity with Greece's past and present, and to limit foreign cultural influences such as
2751:, was immediately and fraudulently suspended. Military courts were established, and political parties were dissolved. Legislation that took decades to fine tune and multiple parliaments to enact was thus erased in a matter of days. The rapid dismantling of Greek democracy had begun.
3911:, the commander and the officers heard over the radio that a number of fellow naval officers had been arrested in Greece. Commander Pappas was involved in a group of democratic officers who remained loyal to their oath to obey the Constitution and planned to act against the junta.
7094:Σύμφωνα με το περιοδικό "Ποπ & Ροκ" ο δίσκος συγκαταλέγεται ανάμεσα στους δέκα δίσκους-σταθμούς του ελληνικού ροκ. Το προοδευτικό και ψυχεδελικό αυτό άλμπουμ το ηχογράφησε ο Τουρνάς συνδυάζοντας τη συμφωνική ορχήστρα με το ροκ γκρουπ "Ρουθ", κάτι πρωτοποριακό για την εποχή.
2636:('Greece for Christian Greeks') would be the example to the rest of the world as maintained that people all over the world would regard his ideology of "Helleno-Christian civilization" alongside the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle as the summit of intellectual achievement.
389:
380:
382:
3140:(which could hold political connotations contrary to those of the junta) by substituting them with traditionally Greek ones. Folk music was also used as an ideological weapon against dissidents, and it was played constantly in detention centres to help break prisoners.
2700:" ("Christ has risen – Greece has risen"), alluding that the junta would save Greece and resurrect her into a greater, new Land. The theme of rebirth was used many times as a standard reply to avoid answering any questions as to how long the dictatorship would last:
7642:
5630:
Papadopoulos made great play during the Junta years in Greece): something in it for everybody. ... For every philosophical sect, as Nussbaum emphasizes, 'the medical analogy is not simply a decorative metaphor; it is an important tool both of discovery and of
388:
387:
385:
1723:
to return to Greece and resume his prior role in politics. According to uncorroborated claims made by the former monarch, Karamanlis replied to Bitsios that he would return only if the King imposed martial law, as was his constitutional prerogative. According to
379:
376:
378:
377:
386:
7492:, και αδειάζει τα ξερονήσια και τις φυλακές από κάμποσους πολιτικούς κρατουμένους, μερικοί από τους οποίους παίρνουν διαβατήριο και αναχωρούν για το εξωτερικό. " ΦΩΤΕΙΝΗ ΤΟΜΑΗ | Κυριακή 20 Απριλίου 2008 Article: To Vima By Fotini Tomai 20 April 2008 (In Greek)
381:
3606:
The entire left wing of the Greek political spectrum, including the long outlawed Communist Party of Greece, opposed the junta from the start. Many new militant groups formed in 1968, both in exile and in Greece, to promote democratic rule. These included
384:
383:
4325:
junta. Characteristically, he cited ideological reasons for ousting the Papadopoulos faction, accusing them with straying from the principles of the Revolution, especially of being corrupt and misusing their privileges as army officers for financial gains.
2132:, recounted in a later interview that "Within twenty minutes every politician, every man, every anarchist who was listed could be rounded up ... It was a simple, diabolical plan". Georgios Papandreou was arrested after a nighttime raid at his villa in
2155:
the Greek political landscape by coup. Papadopoulos as well as the other junta members are known in Greece by the term "Aprilianoi" (Aprilians), denoting the month of the coup. The term "Aprilianoi" has become synonymous with the term "dictators of 1974".
2382:, where an alternative administration would be installed. Constantine hoped that international recognition and internal pressure between the two governments would force the junta to resign, leaving the field clear for him to return triumphant to Athens.
2628:, 'ancestoritis') to describe an obsession with the heritage of the past, which many felt that Papadopoulos and the rest of the junta suffered from. Papadopoulos often described the Greeks in his speeches as the "elect of God", claiming the regenerated
2722:
As soon as the coup d'état was announced over Greek radio, martial music was continuously broadcast over the airwaves. This was interrupted from time to time with announcements of the junta issuing orders, which always started with the introduction,
3514:
At the time, the Italian far right was very impressed with the methods of Papadopoulos and his junta. In April 1968, Papadopoulos invited fifty members of the Italian far right on a Greek tour, to demonstrate the junta's methods. Invitees included
3325:
in Athens which showed political normality. Even the boycott of the West German team was not directed against the junta, but against its own team leadership. Although discos and nightclubs were, initially, subjected to a curfew, partially due to an
4065:, with extensive–and within the context of the system, almost dictatorial–powers vested in the presidency. The decision to return to political rule and the restriction of the military's role was resented by many of the regime's supporters in the
1672:, and new elections were called for 28 May 1967. There were many indications that Papandreou's Centre Union would emerge as the largest party, but would not be able to form a single-party government and would be forced into an alliance with the
2420:
ridiculed Constantine by announcing that he was hiding "from village to village". Realising that the counter-coup had failed, Constantine fled Greece on board the royal plane, taking his family and the helpless Kollias with him. They landed in
2194:
during the early evening hours of 21 April, that formalised the coup. It adopted a "Constituent Act", an amendment tantamount to a revolution, cancelling the elections and effectively abolishing the constitution, which would be replaced later.
405:
4332:
At the same time they announced that the new coup was a "continuation of the revolution of 1967" and accused Papadopoulos with "straying from the ideals of the 1967 revolution" and "pushing the country towards parliamentary rule too quickly".
2190:. Kollias was little more than a figurehead and real power rested with the army, and especially Papadopoulos, who emerged as the coup's strong man and became Minister to the Presidency of the Government. Other coup members occupied key posts.
4558:
Papadopoulos died in the hospital in 1999 after being transferred from Korydallos while Ioannidis remained incarcerated until his death in 2010. This trial was followed by a second trial which centred on the events and the murders during the
2449:. It made the military the guardians of "social and political order", with wide autonomy from governmental and parliamentary oversight. It also heavily circumscribed the activities of political parties. The new constitution was approved in a
3941:
requested permission to remain abroad as political refugees. Indeed, the whole crew wished to follow their commander but were advised by its officers to remain onboard and return to Greece to inform families and friends about what happened.
5713:
Thanasis Valtinos' story, 'The Plaster Cast', is based entirely on a metaphor frequently used by Colonel Papadopoulos to justify the military coup and later the prolongation of martial law. Greece, he would say, was in grave danger. We had
5572:
Clinging to his predilection for medical analogies, Papadopoulos declared after the referendum: 'The country is still in a plaster cast and the fractures have not healed. The cast will be kept on even after the referendum so that it should
2672:
the "patient", tying him on a surgical bed and putting him under anesthesia to perform the "operation" so that the life of the "patient" would not be "endangered" during the operation. In one of his famous speeches Papadopoulos mentioned:
2442:. Zoitakis then appointed Papadopoulos as prime minister. This became the only government of Greece following the failure of the King's attempted counter-coup, as Constantine was unwilling to set up an alternative administration in exile.
5544:
Papadopoulos, returning to his metaphor of Greece as a patient in plaster, described this legal construct as 'a light walking cast'. The Law on the State of Siege, he said, was 'striving for breath, dying, trying in vain to stand on its
5187:Τό δημοσιευόμενο τώρα σκεπτικό τής απόφασης τοΰ δμελοΰς Έφετείου πού δίκασε τούς πρωταίτιους Απριλιανούς, δικαιώνει τήν άποψη τούτη καί λέγει: "... Έπέφερε άποδυνάμωσιν τής έν τώ στρατώ άντιθέτου ιδεολογικής μερίδος, τής έντόνως ...
1545:
rising from its flames and the silhouette of the soldier bearing a rifle with fixed bayonet was the emblem of the Junta. On the header the word Greece (Ελλάς) and on the footer 21 April 1967, the date of the coup d'état, can be seen in
5147:Τέλος ένοχοι είναι καί Ιδιώτες πού χρησιμοποιώντας τίς προσωπικές τους σχέσεις μέ τούς Απριλιανούς, έθη- σαύρισαν σέ βάρος τοϋ έλληνικοϋ λαοϋ. Ό Ελληνικός λαός δέν ξεχνά πώς, άν είχαν τιμωρηθή οί δοσίλογοι τής Γερμανικής κατοχής, δέν .
5600:'We have a patient. We have placed him in a plaster cast. We keep him there until the wound heals,' said Premier George Papadopoulos, the colonel who is strongman of the current Greek military regime. He was only trying to explain why
5506:
It's no secret that Mr George Papadopoulos, the top man of the bunch, with his gory surgical metaphors, his flinty eyes, his flood of garbled messianic language, was for years under psychiatric treatment. Mr Pattakos, the strutting,
4348:(ESA) soldiers in roving jeeps to serve and others that were simply chosen by mistake. The Ioannidis method of forming a government dealt yet another blow to the rapidly diminishing credibility of the regime both at home and abroad.
2712:
Our obligations are described by both our religion and our history. Christ teaches concord and love. Our history demands faith in the Fatherland. ... Hellas is being reborn, Hellas will accomplish great things, Hellas will live
2855:
as well as maltreatment during police arrest, ranging from threats to beatings or worse, made life under the junta a difficult proposition for many ordinary citizens. Photography by ordinary citizens was banned in public locations.
5207:Επρεπε έτσι νά διαβρωθούν οι πολιτικοι θεσμοι της χώρας και νά διογκωθή ό κομμουνιστικός κίνδυνος. "Ολα τούτα οΐ Απριλιανοί τά προπαρασκεύασαν και τά επέτυχαν έντεχνα αλλα "νόμιμα" κάτω άπό τις ευλογίες ενός συντεταγμένου κράτους.
3321:
they were not guaranteed, but rather dispensed at the whim of the junta. In addition any transgressing into political matters during social or cultural activities usually meant arrest and punishment. Tourism was furthered by the
4305:, a disgruntled junta hardliner and long-time protégé of Papadopoulos as head of the feared Military Police, used the uprising as a pretext to reestablish public order, and staged a counter-coup that overthrew Papadopoulos and
4126:
Ioannidis' involvement in inciting unit commanders to commit criminal acts during the uprising, so that he could facilitate his own upcoming coup, was noted in the indictment presented to the court by the prosecutor during the
2952:
on the other hand were voicing criticism about Greece's human rights record but supported the country's continued membership in the Council of Europe and NATO because of the country's strategic value for the western alliance.
375:
3499:
Another contested policy of the regime was the writing-off of agricultural loans, up to a value of 100,000 drachmas, to farmers. This has been attributed to an attempt by Papadopoulos to gain public support for his regime.
986:
5167:με αυξημένη βαρβαρότητα απ' ό,τι στους υπόλοιπους καταδικους. Και δεν εννοούμε, φυσικά, τους ελάχιστους Απριλιανούς, που έχουν απομείνει στον Κορυδαλλό, με τους κλιματισμούς, τα ψυγεία και την ασυδοσία των επισκεπτηρίων.
3662:, on 3 November 1968, spontaneously turned into a massive demonstration against the junta. Thousands of Athenians disobeyed the military's orders, and followed the casket to the cemetery. The junta arrested 41 people.
3398:
was made the official language of the state, including education; Demotic was banned from schools except for the first three years of primary classes, and even there the Demotic used was altered to make it as much like
3171:
were very popular throughout the dictatorship years both on radio and television. Most Western record sales were similarly not restricted. In fact, even rock concerts and tours were allowed such as by the then popular
3010:
Remarkably, after some initial hesitation and as long as they were not deemed to be politically damaging to the junta, junta censors allowed wide access to Western music and films. Even the then-racy West German film
2424:
early in the morning of 14 December. Constantine remained in exile during the remainder of military rule. Although he subsequently returned to Greece, the abolition of the monarchy in 1973 removed his status as King.
3534:
operations and embarked on a campaign of infiltration of leftist, anarchist, and Marxist–Leninist organisations. One of the neo-fascists conducted frequent provocations and infiltrations in the months leading to the
3342:
The farmers were Papadopoulos's natural constituency and were more likely to support him, seeing him as one of their own because of his rural roots. He cultivated this relationship by appealing to them, calling them
4594:
The 21 April regime remains highly controversial to this day, with most Greeks holding very strong and polarised views in regards to it. According to a survey by Kapa Research published in the centre-left newspaper
3072:
was shown all over Greece, with reports of arrests and disturbances especially in Athens as many youths flocked to see the film and filled theatres to capacity, while many others were left outside. Films such as
2405:. Constantine also took with him Prime Minister Kollias. At first, things seemed to be going according to plan. Constantine was well received in Kavala, which was under the command of a general loyal to him. The
2964:. Ceaușescu's rationale for seeking good working relations with the Greek junta stemmed from a mutual desire to maintain stability in the Balkans and due to the shared dictatorial characters of the two regimes.
5127:βραχυκυκλωθή άπό άτομα τά όποία έχουν λιβανίσει μέχρι άηδίας τό έπάρατο καθεστώς τής 7ετίας μέ τά άλλεπάλληλα τηλεγραφήματα, τά όποία έχουν στείλει στούς " Απριλιανούς" δηλώνοντας πίστη, άφοσίωσι, υπακοή κ.τ.λ.
5830:
Greece in those days was littered with propaganda, and radios or public loudspeakers regularly blared out martial music. The grotesque symbol of the junta—a soldier standing before a spread-winged phoenix—was
3419:, loose emigration policies, public spending, and pro-business incentives that fostered both domestic and foreign capital spending. Several international companies invested in Greece at the time, including
4084:
concentrate as much power in his hands as possible, a weakness he exhibited during the junta years when he would sometimes hold multiple high-echelon government portfolios. This especially antagonised the
2879:
coupled with nonexistent civil rights meant that continuous cases of civil rights abuses could neither be reported nor investigated by an independent press or any other reputable authority. This led to a
2413:, both strongly royalist and not involved in the junta, immediately declared for him and mobilised. Another of Constantine's generals effectively cut all communication between Athens and northern Greece.
1590:), and many Communists either fled the country or faced persecution. The CIA and the Greek military began to work together closely, especially after Greece joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (
4621:, in 1975. Many of his junta-connected associates were also assassinated in this time period. Avrakotos himself had his cover blown by the media and his life became endangered. In 1999, U.S. President
7189:. Translated by Dimitris Charalambis, Laura Maratou-Alipranti, Andromachi Hadjiyanni Contributor Dimitris Charalambis, Laura Maratou-Alipranti, and Andromachi Hadjiyanni. McGill-Queen's Press, 2004
3983:
Despite his heavy-handed approach to dissent, Papadopoulos had indicated as early as 1968 that he was eager for a reform process. He had declared at the time that he did not want the "Revolution" (
1534:) in the wake of the retreating German military. This was to be a lengthy and open-ended commitment. The United States stepped in to help the Greek government against the communist forces in 1947.
2872:. Thousands were jailed for political reasons by the dictatorship and thousands were forced into exile. More than 10,000 were estimated to have been arrested in the first few days after the coup.
4088:, whose primary exponents were the students. The students at the Law School in Athens, for example, demonstrated multiple times against the dictatorship prior to the events at the Polytechneion.
2972:
To gain support for his rule, Papadopoulos projected an image that appealed to some key segments of Greek society. The son of a poor but educated rural family, he was educated at the prestigious
1684:
Greek historiography and journalists have hypothesized about a "Generals' Coup", a coup that would have been deployed at Constantine's behest under the pretext of combating communist subversion.
4115:, 'Free Besieged'), as the students called themselves, at the Athens Polytechnic which had commenced on 14 November. Shortly after 3:00 am. EET, under almost complete cover of darkness, an
3759:. The most famous were in external exile, most of whom were substantially involved in the resistance, organising protests in European capital cities or helping and hiding refugees from Greece.
2704:
Because the latter is someone else's concern. They are the concerns of those, who lit the fuse of the dynamite for the explosion which led to the rebirth of the State the night of 21 April 1967.
373:
4042:
The council was dissolved just prior to Papadopoulos' failed attempt to liberalise his regime. As internal dissatisfaction grew in the early 1970s, and especially after an abortive coup by the
3024:
featuring a live birth scene, had no trouble making its debut in Greece just like in any other Western country. Moreover, the film was only restricted for those under 13 years of age. In 1971
4100:
to organise a demonstration that grew progressively larger and more effective. The political momentum was on the side of the students. Sensing this, the junta panicked and reacted violently.
4446:
2868:. Absence of elected representation meant that the citizens' stark and only choice was to submit to these arbitrary measures exactly as dictated by the junta. The country had become a true
4418:
There was a well-founded fear that an all-out war with Turkey was imminent. The Cyprus fiasco led to senior Greek military officers withdrawing their support for junta strongman Brigadier
3934:
and telephoned the international press agencies, notifying them of the situation in Greece, the presence of the destroyer, and that the captain would hold a press conference the next day.
3794:, philanthropist, political activist). Some chose exile, unable to stand life under the junta. For example, Melina Mercouri was allowed to enter Greece, but stayed away on her own accord.
2589:
A central part of the regime's ideology was xenophobia, which presented Greeks as the creators of civilization with the rest of the world jealous of the debts they owed to Greece. Colonel
2374:
The King finally decided to launch his counter-coup on 13 December 1967. Since Athens was militarily in the hands of the colonels, Constantine decided to fly to the small northern city of
7547:
5394:
9498:
4583:
was a continuous source of embarrassment for the free world, and this and other reasons made Greece an international pariah abroad and interrupted its process of integration with the
4575:
While the Cyprus fiasco was due to the actions of Ioannidis, it was Papadopoulos who started the cycle of coups. Externally, the absence of human rights in a country belonging to the
3735:
The junta exiled thousands, on the grounds that they were communists and/or "enemies of the country". Most of them were subjected to internal exile on Greek deserted islands, such as
2593:, the Secretary-general of the Ministry of Public Order, came to international prominence in the summer of 1968 when he personally beat up Panayiotis Lambrias, the editor of magazine
2144:
forcibly entered his home. Andreas Papandreou escaped to the roof of his house, but surrendered after one of the soldiers held a gun to the head of his then-fourteen-year-old son
374:
2843:, was sent to Greece by Amnesty International. He wrote in December 1969 that "a conservative estimate would place at not less than two thousand" the number of people tortured.
7621:
7591:
2686:
pray for him never to need a cast again; and should he need one, we will put it to him. And the one thing I can promise you, is to invite you to witness the foot without a cast!
2378:, where he hoped to be among troops loyal only to him. The vague plan that Constantine and his advisors had conceived was to form a unit that would invade and take control over
1530:
In 1944 British prime minister Winston Churchill determined to halt the Soviet encroachment in the Balkans, and ordered British forces to intervene in the Greek Civil War (see
4057:, the results of which were not recognised by the political parties. He furthermore sought the support of the old political establishment, but secured only the cooperation of
3131:
folk dances. Additionally, the regime encouraged the production of new folk songs with lyrics praising the government and its leaders, like Georgios Papadopoulos. Because the
2367:– in an attempt to avoid an international backlash – told Constantine that it would be best to replace the junta with a new government according to Paul Ioannidis in his book
4502:
were the first free elections held in a decade. A referendum held 8 December 1974 rejected re-establishment of the monarchy by a 2-to-1 margin, and Greece became a republic.
2186:(supreme court), was chosen. He was a well-known royalist and had even been disciplined under the Papandreou government for meddling in the investigation of the murder of MP
10833:
3257:
2609:, and contributed many articles to that party's journal, which was a "racist and anti-Semitic" magazine which glorified not only 4 August Regime, but also the Third Reich.
7997:
5761:"Θρυμματίζοντας το γύψο της Χούντας: ο λόγος κι η σιωπή στα Δεκαοχτώ Κείμενα (1970)/Shattering the junta's plaster: the discourse and the silence in Eighteen Texts (1970)"
3706:, who was imprisoned by the junta and later went into exile, and the music was smuggled into the country and added to other inspirational, underground Theodorakis tracks.
7926:
6693:
7215:
6724:) is a classic, a thinly veiled attack on the dictatorship, that if they heard it, must have had the colonels wringing their hands wondering what to do with this guy."
5800:
Greeks woke up on the morning of Friday 21 April 1967 with military marches and national folk music broadcast on the radio, and with the dictatorship a fait accompli.
2988:
were at times heavy-handed, especially in areas deemed sensitive by the junta, such as political activities, and politically related art, literature, film and music.
7476:
7277:. "Remember Pattakos, the striking baldie superstar of the junta, who never missed a chance to pose with a trowel at hand and never missed a documentary of Epikaira"
6046:
2567:
1656:
was a sign of change. In a bid to gain more control over the country's government than his limited constitutional powers allowed, the young and inexperienced King
3415:
The 1967–1973 period was marked by high rates of economic growth coupled with low inflation and low unemployment. Economic growth was driven by investment in the
3002:'s music, among others, were never allowed even during the most relaxed times of the dictatorship, and an index of prohibited songs, literature and art was kept.
202:
4061:, who was appointed prime minister. Concurrently, many restrictions were lifted, and the army's role significantly reduced. Papadopoulos intended to establish a
4011:, "Advisory Council") otherwise known as "Papadopoulos' (pseudo) Parliament". Composed of members elected through an electoral type process but limited only to
1668:
After making several attempts to form governments, relying on dissident Centre Union and conservative MPs, Constantine II appointed an interim government under
11367:
3106:" after staying in the Matala caves with the hippie community in 1971. Hippie colonies also existed in other popular tourist spots such as "Paradise Beach" in
7542:
6665:
on IMDB, which summarises the film as "A group of friends search for a young English Oxford student who has disappeared whilst researching in Greece ..."
5885:Έγινε Χούντα. Ανοίξτε αμέσως το ραδιόφωνο. Το ραδιόφωνο: διάγγελμα Παπαδόπουλου, τσάμικα και καλαματιανά, "αποφασίζομεν και διατάσσομεν". Ό,τι συζητούσαμε ...
9684:
4655:
officers to the party's statements sympathising with the junta, which commentators note would appeal to policemen whose livelihoods are threatened by harsh
11068:
9115:
7520:
Kostis Kornetis (2013). Children of the Dictatorship. Student Resistance, Cultural Politics and the "Long 1960s" in Greece. New York : Berghahn Books.
7289:
4543:
Members of the junta on trial. Front row (from left): Papadopoulos, Makarezos, and Pattakos. Ioannidis can be seen on the second row, just behind Pattakos.
2563:
1747:
allegations, Karamanlis stated that he "will not deal with the former king's statements, because both their content and attitude are unworthy of comment".
4931:
11382:
11362:
11073:
4651:, met the leaders of the junta while in prison and was inspired to lay the foundations for the party. Some have linked alleged support of Golden Dawn by
3368:
restoration of order. In addition, the Greek business community largely approved of the regime's economic policies, especially its promotion of tourism.
2936:
regime, despised the Regime of the Colonels, there was a mixed response to the junta from Western Europe. The Scandinavian countries and the Netherlands
2371:. Constantine took that as an encouragement to organize a counter-coup, although no direct help or involvement of the U.S. (or Britain) was forthcoming.
9163:
7058:
2064:. The colonels were able to seize power quickly by using elements of surprise and confusion. Pattakos was the commander of the Armour Training Centre (
7274:
6996:
4119:
tank crashed through the rail gate of the Athens Polytechnic with subsequent loss of life. An estimated 24 people were killed. The army also occupied
2482:
became the sole national flag. A darker shade of blue was preferred at this time, but the variant is not exclusively associated with this time period.
343:
10818:
10345:
9095:
8048:
7962:
6269:
6805:
6108:
4516:
In January 1975 the junta members were arrested and in early August of the same year the government of Konstantinos Karamanlis brought charges of
3438:
generation units and other significant infrastructure development, took place. The junta used to proudly announce these projects with the slogan:
8662:
8052:
3268:, who was initially imprisoned by the regime, nevertheless rose to great popularity and produced a number of influential and highly politically
2120:
were suspended. One of the consequences of these suspensions was that anyone could be arrested without warrant at any time and brought before a
213:
10904:
8413:
8222:
8089:
7773:
3013:
2945:
violations. Greece however opted to leave the Council of Europe in December 1969 before a full verdict of the commission could be handed down.
1754:
As it turned out, the constitutional crisis did not originate either from the political parties, or from the Palace, but from middle-rank army
1310:
3161:
2416:
However, Constantine's plans were overly bureaucratic, naïvely supposing that orders from a commanding general would automatically be obeyed.
418:
7725:
7708:
7164:
6314:
5979:
2766:. 6,188 suspected communists and political opponents were imprisoned or exiled to remote Greek islands within the first week after the coup.
1512:. After the liberation in 1944, Greece descended into a civil war, fought between the communist forces and those loyal to the newly returned
1496:
The 1967 coup and the following seven years of military rule were the culmination of 30 years of national division between the forces of the
3946:
returned to Greece after a month with a replacement crew. After the fall of the junta all officers and petty officers returned to the Navy.
3479:
Economists have criticized the waste, fraud, and abuse derived from the junta's economic policies. One notable example is tourism minister
1751:
made no mention of the alleged 1966 meeting with Bitsios, which he referred to only after both participants had died and could not respond.
10894:
3190:, was a pioneer of Greek pop music in the early 1970s. Its lead singer and composer was Robert Williams, who was later joined, in 1971, by
2864:. The absence of a valid code of jurisprudence led to the unequal application of the law among the citizens and to rampant favouritism and
2108:
By the early morning hours, the whole of Greece was in the hands of the colonels. All leading politicians, including acting prime minister
17:
6020:
3988:
personal allegiance to him. There was a significant divide in the junta between those like Papadoupolos who identified with the legacy of
10868:
9755:
7870:
7150:. "A Cultural Revolution? The Boycott of the European Athletics Championships by the West German Team in Athens 1969", in: CESH (Hrsg.),
6843:
1367:
7683:
6157:
Barbarism in Greece: A Young American Lawyer's Inquiry Into the Use of Torture In Contemporary Greece, with Case Histories and Documents
2360:
a military administration. Although the colonels' strong anti-communist, pro-NATO, and pro-Western views appealed to the United States,
10858:
4336:
Prior to seizing power, Ioannidis preferred to work in the background and he never held any formal office in the junta. He was now the
3967:. This led to demands for more freedoms, and political unrest, in a society well used to democratic action prior to the dictatorship.
3330:, this was eventually extended from 1:00 a.m. to 3:00 a.m. as the energy crisis eased. These freedoms were later reversed by
1251:
7618:
7588:
11377:
10947:
6176:
4351:
The new junta, despite its rather inauspicious origins, pursued an aggressive internal crackdown and an expansionist foreign policy.
4053:
On 1 June 1973, he abolished the monarchy and declared Greece a republic with himself as president. He was confirmed in office after
1687:
Before the elections that were scheduled for 28 May 1967, with expectations of a wide Center Union victory, a number of conservative
11088:
6651:
thus: "A young man finds himself turning into a bloodsucking monster. Set on the Greek island of Hydra. A must for all Cushing fans"
10899:
8932:
8018:
5858:
People went about their business in the usual way, undisturbed by the armoured cars and the martial music churned out by the radio.
3322:
4131:, and in his subsequent conviction in the Polytechneion trial where he was found to have been morally responsible for the events.
3407:
became so closely identified with the junta that its eventual downfall settled the question once and for all in favor of Demotic.
10335:
8979:
7039:
6644:
4547:
Papadopoulos, Pattakos, Makarezos and Ioannidis were sentenced to death for high treason. These sentences were later commuted to
4097:
4046:
in early 1973, Papadopoulos attempted to legitimize the regime by beginning a gradual "democratization" (See also the article on
2792:
attacked the senses without leaving any visible traces and have been classified since as torture by international organisations.
2090:
1676:, which was suspected by conservatives of being a proxy for the banned KKE. This possibility was used as a pretext for the coup.
1609:
Greece was a vital link in the NATO defence arc which extended from the eastern border of Pakistan to the northernmost point in
11372:
10828:
9100:
4614:
4460:
The agenda was to appoint a national unity government that would lead the country to elections. Although former prime minister
3809:
set himself ablaze in protest against the dictatorship of George Papadopoulos. The junta delayed the arrival of his remains to
2094:
1614:
6336:
Administration is trying to persuade Congress to up military aid to Greece from about $ 90 million to $ 118 million.
4103:
In the early hours of Saturday, 17 November 1973, Papadopoulos sent the army to suppress the student strike and sit-in of the
2754:
In fact, the junta crackdown was so fast that by September 1967, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, and the Netherlands went before the
1613:. Greece in particular was seen as being at risk, having experienced a communist insurgency. In particular, the newly founded
10985:
10823:
8758:
8445:
8423:
7323:
7258:
7194:
6772:
6745:
6689:
6279:
6164:
6097:
special issue: "Music and Torture | Music and Punishment" 2:1(2013), guest edited by M. J. Grant and Anna Papaeti, pp. 73–80.
5823:
5659:
5623:
5530:
5107:
4640:
2450:
2390:
1574:(CIA) as one of Greece's main "democratic" (i.e. anti-communist) forces. Several of the future leaders of the junta, such as
1570:–Holy Bond of Greek Officers). From 1947 onward, the Holy Bond was subsidized to the sum of $ 1 million annually by the
9846:
7222:
7106:
4411:, "Greek Force for Cyprus"). During a military council, Ioannidis is reported to have said angrily to the American minister
2739:, that had been taken for granted and enjoyed by the Greek people for decades, were instantly suppressed. Article 14 of the
11179:
11113:
9665:
9590:
9250:
8850:
7089:
4637:
4024:
3984:
3356:
2559:
2539:
2523:
2402:
761:
7575:
154:
10863:
9270:
8403:
4524:
against Georgios Papadopoulos and nineteen other co-conspirators of the military junta. The mass trial was staged at the
2763:
2755:
1182:
8512:
8440:
126:
10952:
10305:
9400:
8378:
8263:
8217:
8212:
8158:
8106:
8073:
8032:
4993:
3694:. The film, banned in Greece, presented a lightly fictionalized account of the events surrounding the assassination of
7656:
7473:
3937:
This action increased international interest in the situation in Greece. The commander, six officers, and twenty five
3635:
The assassination attempt took place on the morning of 13 August, when Papadopoulos went from his summer residence in
11327:
10037:
9600:
8870:
8811:
7754:
7425:
7363:
7174:
7025:
6560:
6212:
6186:
6078:
5962:
5908:
5734:
5699:
5414:
5099:
3593:
2677:
restrictions are the strapping of the patient to the surgical bed so that he will undergo the surgery without danger.
2648:
2518:') to describe leftists in general. In a similar vein, the junta attempted to steer Greek public opinion not only by
249:
231:
173:
76:
8608:
4320:
Ioannidis's heavy-handed and opportunistic intervention had the effect of destroying the myth that the junta was an
11322:
11317:
9740:
9735:
9230:
9193:
8922:
8368:
7579:"straying from the ideals of the 1967 revolution" and "pushing the country towards parliamentary rule too quickly".
7028:. "After the split of 'Poll', Kostas Tournas went on to record a great progressive-psychedelic concept solo album."
6737:
Militant Around the Clock?: Left-Wing Youth Politics, Leisure, and Sexuality in Post-Dictatorship Greece, 1974–1981
6582:
6403:
4702:
4625:
apologised on the behalf of the U.S. government for supporting the military junta in the name of Cold War tactics.
4499:
4492:
1305:
1285:
133:
38:
9418:
9280:
8964:
11332:
10460:
9841:
9770:
9670:
9548:
9320:
9310:
8897:
8284:
4054:
3727:
3608:
2178:
The only concession the King could achieve was to appoint a civilian as prime minister, rather than Spandidakis.
1625:
invasion, they agreed to guard against a left-wing coup. The LOK in particular were integrated into the European
1408:
1360:
9235:
9122:
9110:
7286:
4298:
The uprising triggered a series of events that put an abrupt end to Papadopoulos' attempts at "liberalisation".
2956:
Unusually, in spite of the anti-communism of the Regime of the Colonels, it developed better relations with the
11257:
11128:
9891:
9660:
9240:
9142:
8875:
8319:
8314:
7908:
5039:
4948:
4928:
3575:
2394:
2361:
1247:
784:
111:
11146:
9560:
9290:
8801:
8573:
4551:
by the Karamanlis government for humanitarian reasons. A plan to grant amnesty to the junta principals by the
4480:
4382:
4360:
1587:
10838:
9853:
9806:
9570:
9493:
9225:
7415:
7353:
6550:
6093:
Papaeti, Anna (2013). "Music, Torture, Testimony: Reopening the Case of the Greek Military Junta (1967–74)".
5789:
3926:
Pappas signalled his intentions to the squadron commander and NATO headquarters, quoting the preamble of the
3767:
3484:
were secured, and their remains still dot the Greek countryside. These questionable loans are referred to as
3210:(Come, My Sun)", composed by Tournas, Williams. Tournas later pursued a solo career and in 1972 produced the
2957:
2918:
1290:
140:
9285:
8994:
8917:
8588:
7064:
6898:
4771:
The Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations: Volume 4, America in the Age of Soviet Power, 1945–1991
3148:
In the early days of the dictatorship, Western music broadcasts were limited from the airwaves in favour of
2851:
the boundaries and delve into or discuss forbidden subjects. This realization, including the absence of any
9871:
9831:
9801:
9750:
9610:
9528:
9524:
9395:
9325:
9090:
8907:
8673:
8568:
8500:
3702:
in 1963. The film captured the sense of outrage about the junta. The soundtrack of the film was written by
3571:
2102:
870:
107:
62:
6297:
4896:
2663:
Throughout his tenure as the junta strongman, Papadopoulos often employed what have been described by the
1703:
as the monarchist constitution permitted him. According to Rallis, Constantine was receptive to the idea.
1400:
11236:
11138:
10843:
10315:
10310:
10027:
9705:
9433:
9178:
9137:
9081:
8984:
8865:
8823:
8728:
8253:
8207:
4560:
4078:
3815:
3540:
have been undertaken by the Greek National government in Italy for some time start to have some impact".
2183:
1571:
797:
395:
327:
7972:
6700:, Greek blog site. Translation: "The beatings and arrests during the Woodstock showing in 1970 ..."
6112:
2045:
On 21 April 1967, just weeks before the scheduled elections, a group of right-wing army officers led by
122:
11357:
11337:
11270:
11151:
11133:
11118:
11053:
10680:
9901:
9886:
9876:
9730:
9330:
8818:
8621:
8388:
7967:
7135:
7014:
6985:
6946:
6929:
6869:
4398:
4364:
4314:
3670:
3616:
2925:. U.S. support for the junta, which was staunchly anti-communist, is claimed to be the cause of rising
2446:
2386:
1621:(LOK) maintained a very close liaison with their American counterparts. In addition to preparing for a
1618:
1455:
1353:
1325:
966:
686:
495:
5446:"Making the Junta Fascist: Antidictatorial Struggle, the Colonels, and the Statues of Ioannis Metaxas"
3975:
31:
11252:
10978:
10909:
10785:
10730:
10550:
9538:
9245:
8806:
8418:
8335:
4916:
Greece and the American Embrace: Greek Foreign Policy Towards Turkey, the US and the Western Alliance
4820:
Greece and the American Embrace: Greek Foreign Policy Towards Turkey, the US and the Western Alliance
3176:
2973:
1583:
1513:
1439:
1243:
1213:
560:
6398:
4415:(who was present) "You betrayed us! You had assured us that you would prevent any Turkish landing".
11206:
10535:
10102:
9365:
9255:
9009:
8553:
6349:
4668:
4628:
There has been speculation that lingering social effects of the junta played a role in the rise of
4461:
4435:
4427:
3838:
3779:
3390:, based on the vernacular actually spoken by most Greek, the junta came firmly down on the side of
3165:
2321:
2165:
2109:
2089:
to move the coup forward. Under the command of paratrooper Brigadier General Kostas Aslanides, the
1966:
1953:
1657:
1653:
1435:
1233:
1201:
630:
551:
10275:
7733:
7529:
6764:
Children of the Dictatorship: Student Resistance, Cultural Politics and the 'Long 1960s' in Greece
6322:
5989:
5735:"Manipulating Language: Metaphors in the Political Discourse of Georgios Papadopoulos (1967–1973)"
3810:
1602:. Avrakotos maintained a close relationship with the colonels who would figure in the later coup.
206:
that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
11352:
11342:
9765:
9710:
9695:
9635:
9443:
9423:
9183:
8860:
8465:
5294:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 pp. 43–44.
4552:
4465:
4453:
4449:
3564:
3377:
3098:
colony which had been living in the caves since the 1960s was never disturbed. Singer-songwriter
2601:
At a subsequent speech before a visiting group of Greek-Americans on 6 August 1968, Ladas quoted
2543:
1739:
1725:
1669:
1475:
1267:
1218:
1127:
920:
810:
540:
481:
100:
8668:
6786:
6784:
6578:"An Uneasy Triangle: Nicolae Ceaușescu, the Greek Colonels and the Greek Communists (1967–1974)"
6471:
6070:
6064:
5898:
2795:
1558:
governments in Greece, Turkey, and Iran in order to ensure that these states did not fall under
11078:
10555:
10059:
9453:
9127:
8603:
8363:
8358:
8151:
6017:
5395:"Italy and the Greek military regime from the 1967 coup d'état to the fall of the dictatorship"
4696:
4688:
4648:
4555:
government in 1990 was cancelled after protests from conservatives, socialists and communists.
4488:
4401:
and occupying the northern part of the island, after heavy fighting with the Cypriot and Greek
3715:
3695:
3659:
3536:
3476:
propaganda documentaries that were screened before feature film presentation in Greek cinemas.
3063:
3030:
2933:
2691:
1873:
1868:
1720:
1688:
1673:
510:
349:
10765:
7878:
7313:
6840:
6762:
6399:"Human Rights and International Security: The International Community and the Greek Dictators"
5613:
5220:
3719:, detailed the subordination and training of simple youths to become torturers for the junta.
3665:
On 28 March 1969, after two years of widespread censorship, political detentions and torture,
3466:, 'the first trowel of Greece'), since he frequently appeared at project inaugurations with a
1695:(the son of Georgios Papandreou), would lead to a constitutional crisis. One such politician,
11043:
11008:
10790:
10074:
10069:
9836:
9725:
9680:
9640:
9575:
9519:
9438:
9220:
9034:
8912:
8830:
8738:
8703:
8613:
8558:
8455:
8296:
6781:
6735:
6674:
5813:
5674:
constantly replaced 'where it needed'; and that language and literature would be 'cleansed'.
5649:
5383:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 p. 53.
5361:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 p. 45.
5345:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 p. 42.
5327:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 p. 41.
5278:
edited by Richard Clogg & George Yannopoloulos; London: Secker & Warburg, 1971 p. 43.
4730:
4345:
4279:
4180:
4062:
3989:
3927:
3647:
3624:
3620:
3524:
3420:
3025:
2888:
among the citizens during the Papadopoulos dictatorship, which became worse under Ioannidis.
2832:
2804:
2774:
2349:
2152:
2129:
2113:
2078:
2053:
1997:
1889:
1775:
1662:
1575:
1487:
1447:
1443:
661:
607:
577:
514:
499:
485:
452:
7380:
America's Recruitment of Nazis and Its Destructive Impact on Our Domestic and Foreign Policy
6445:
11347:
11312:
11033:
10971:
10330:
10097:
9952:
9906:
9821:
9816:
9615:
9514:
9463:
9458:
9350:
9305:
9260:
9198:
9029:
9004:
8954:
8882:
8796:
8646:
8248:
8227:
4629:
3959:
against each other, thus destroying the seemingly monolithic cohesion of the dictatorship.
3516:
3265:
2876:
2820:
2748:
2398:
2385:
In the early morning hours of 13 December, the King boarded the royal plane, together with
2179:
1404:
1300:
1238:
1208:
649:
5142:
Apo to P.A.K. sto PA.SO.K.: logoi, arthra, synenteuxeis, dēlōseis tou Andrea G. Papandreou
2961:
2086:
1525:
8:
11231:
11023:
10775:
10690:
10685:
10585:
10448:
10245:
10129:
10044:
9932:
9785:
9780:
9760:
9745:
9655:
9650:
9555:
9488:
9478:
9390:
9385:
9375:
9275:
9215:
9188:
9014:
8999:
8969:
8947:
8733:
8723:
8450:
8373:
8343:
8327:
6042:
6014:
4850:
4473:
4419:
4394:
4302:
4256:
4186:
3830:
3691:
3331:
2847:
2816:
2606:
2602:
2334:
2098:
1978:
1649:
1563:
1542:
1501:
1451:
1412:
1389:
1315:
1169:
1045:
1023:
1016:
701:
588:
147:
9630:
9543:
7443:""A gift from God": Anglo-Greek relations during the dictatorship of the Greek colonels"
6518:""A gift from God": Anglo-Greek relations during the dictatorship of the Greek colonels"
6237:""A gift from God": Anglo-Greek relations during the dictatorship of the Greek colonels"
5241:""A gift from God": Anglo-Greek relations during the dictatorship of the Greek colonels"
11163:
11063:
11018:
11013:
10929:
10725:
10710:
10635:
10615:
10610:
10595:
10442:
10190:
9942:
9826:
9580:
9483:
9468:
9380:
9370:
9345:
9340:
9105:
9059:
8974:
8959:
8902:
8718:
8641:
8517:
8408:
8398:
8083:
8062:
8042:
7931:
7848:
7810:
6601:
6491:
6420:
6369:
6029:
5473:
5420:
4633:
4511:
4128:
3783:
3699:
3612:
3451:
3180:
2824:
2744:
2740:
2406:
2276:
2187:
2117:
2112:, had been arrested and were held incommunicado by the conspirators. At 6:00 a.m.
2057:
2049:
2022:
2010:
1928:
1779:
1771:
1766:
1730:
1692:
1497:
1118:
524:
10625:
10454:
6641:
4047:
3842:
2811:
2136:. Andreas was arrested at around the same time, after seven soldiers armed with fixed
11184:
11038:
10942:
10795:
10740:
10715:
10670:
10600:
10575:
10540:
10530:
10499:
10386:
10270:
10240:
9977:
9967:
9881:
9775:
9620:
9335:
9132:
8989:
8942:
8840:
8791:
8765:
8743:
8583:
8563:
8507:
8495:
8309:
8144:
8102:
8069:
8028:
7852:
7421:
7359:
7319:
7254:
7190:
7170:
6816:
6768:
6741:
6605:
6556:
6495:
6424:
6373:
6275:
6208:
6182:
6160:
6074:
5958:
5904:
5819:
5695:
5655:
5619:
5526:
5477:
5465:
5424:
5410:
5103:
5095:
4901:
4644:
4548:
4525:
4439:
4431:
4306:
4290:
4058:
3956:
3931:
3912:
3791:
3771:
3703:
3674:
3317:
3137:
3055:
2999:
2941:
2861:
2800:
2613:
2515:
2435:
2364:
2298:
2270:
2145:
1855:
1851:
1639:
1223:
1176:
975:
907:
673:
573:
209:
10919:
10590:
6899:"Millennium Top-1000: Nostradamos Ta Paramythia Ths Giagias and Dws'moy to Xeri Soy"
5688:
2807:
building. During a torture session, he suffered brain trauma and was left paralyzed.
2061:
1755:
11028:
10705:
10630:
10560:
10545:
10525:
10472:
10255:
10250:
10230:
10180:
10170:
9997:
9962:
9947:
9896:
9625:
9565:
9405:
9064:
9044:
8753:
8695:
8689:
8656:
8636:
8626:
8475:
8276:
8268:
7840:
7802:
7454:
6591:
6529:
6483:
6412:
6361:
6248:
5457:
5402:
5252:
4845:
4588:
4529:
4069:, whose dissatisfaction with Papadopoulos would become evident a few months later.
3904:
3806:
3752:
3427:
3416:
3214:
3211:
3119:
3068:
3021:
2926:
2911:
2835:, in the first month of the 21 April coup an estimated 8,000 people were arrested.
2668:
2644:
2439:
1505:
1320:
1150:
1109:
1061:
1029:
996:
68:
7392:
7116:
6596:
6577:
6416:
5379:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the "revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
5357:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the 'revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
5341:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the "revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
5323:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the "revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
5290:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the "revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
5274:
Clogg, Richard "The Ideology of the "revolution of 21 April 1967'" pp. 36–58 from
4468:, who had resided in Paris since 1963, to assume the role. Karamanlis returned to
3837:
for supporting what he called a "junta of Nazi collaborators". The German writer,
3496:, 'loans of the sea'), to indicate the loose terms under which they were granted.
2647:, militaristic, and deeply anti-communist character has been liked to that of the
11048:
10924:
10780:
10770:
10755:
10735:
10720:
10695:
10640:
10405:
10373:
10265:
10225:
9987:
9982:
9922:
9863:
9595:
9473:
9300:
9265:
9173:
9168:
8892:
8786:
8460:
8393:
8383:
8348:
8304:
8291:
8243:
8130:
8022:
7625:
7595:
7559:
7504:
7480:
7293:
6847:
6791:
6697:
6648:
6365:
6202:
6024:
5984:
5870:
5843:
5794:
5585:
5557:
5520:
5491:
5200:
5180:
5160:
5140:
5120:
4997:
4935:
4652:
4572:
fall of the junta. The Cyprus debacle created a tragedy that is still unfolding.
4484:
4464:
was originally backed, on 23 July, Gizikis finally invited former prime minister
4423:
4412:
4310:
4309:
on 25 November. Military law was reinstated, and the new junta appointed General
4267:
4120:
4092:
3993:
3896:
3846:
3818:. The Municipality of Corfu dedicated a memorial in his honour, near his home in
3763:
3710:
3666:
3168:
3075:
2901:
2736:
2652:
1708:
1582:
aid, the civil war ended with the military defeat of the communists in 1949. The
1551:
1491:
1431:
1257:
1228:
1143:
1091:
619:
365:
8887:
7315:
Eurasianism and the European Far Right: Reshaping the Europe–Russia Relationship
6708:
6706:
5931:
5052:
4317:
as prime minister, although Ioannidis remained the behind-the-scenes strongman.
30:"Regime of the Colonels" redirects here. For the Polish regime of colonels, see
11196:
10750:
10675:
10665:
10660:
10520:
10260:
10049:
9972:
9700:
9605:
9355:
9295:
8927:
8845:
8748:
8708:
8678:
8578:
8533:
6850:. Museum of Broadcast Communications. "Nikos Mastorakis was the TV personality
5764:
4745:
4721:
4610:
4584:
4533:
4321:
4085:
3885:
3787:
3775:
3435:
3191:
3080:
3039:
2562:') to underscore its ideology. The junta's main ideological spokesmen included
2499:
2133:
2121:
1743:
1595:
1579:
1463:
1427:
1392:
1188:
1100:
1084:
858:
710:
442:
333:
7147:
7129:
7008:
6979:
6940:
6923:
6863:
6487:
6198:
4483:, a close personal friend, and was sworn in as prime minister under President
4354:
11306:
11296:
11158:
11058:
10914:
10760:
10655:
10620:
10605:
10565:
10107:
9937:
9675:
9585:
9448:
9428:
9315:
9076:
9054:
9019:
8598:
8593:
8548:
8470:
8430:
8179:
7884:
Police Brigadier Demetrios Ioannidis, had suddenly vanished from public sight
6820:
6703:
5469:
4618:
4605:
The experiences in Greece were formative for several CIA officers, including
4368:
4222:
4066:
4043:
3938:
3889:
3877:
3834:
3829:
listed the members of the Greek junta who had served in the collaborationist
3756:
3685:
3509:
3480:
3387:
3327:
3149:
3099:
3087:
3035:
3018:
2994:
2773:
became a deliberate practice carried out both by the Security Police and the
2590:
2582:
2479:
2474:
2410:
2286:
2125:
1916:
1904:
1735:
1696:
1555:
1459:
1343:
506:
492:
478:
8123:
7947:
7484:Παπαδόπουλος «προκηρύσσει» μέσα στην ίδια χρονιά «εκλογές» για την ανάδειξη
6713:
6472:"Human Rights and Foreign Policy: Wilson and the Greek Dictators, 1967–1970"
5406:
4990:
11284:
11221:
10700:
10650:
10580:
10570:
10424:
10412:
10399:
10205:
10032:
9533:
8781:
8631:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8186:
7984:
7857:
problem of Cyprus and might have spared the island from the tragedy of 1974
7688:
7643:"Μια σημαντική συνεισφορά στην αλήθεια για το 1974 | Defence-point.gr"
6851:
5950:
5496:. Vol. 79. British Broadcasting Corporation. January 1968. p. 561
4622:
4606:
4576:
4521:
4517:
4456:, the trial of the junta leaders, and the purge of the Army of its members.
4445:
4390:
4341:
3964:
3819:
3681:
3520:
3382:
3124:
3103:
2989:
2977:
2949:
2869:
2852:
2836:
2759:
2708:
The religious themes and rebirth metaphors are also seen in the following:
2379:
1863:
1645:
1622:
1599:
1559:
1509:
1423:
1416:
1156:
7844:
7819:
to crystallize as the Cyprus tragedy was enlarged by the Turkish invasion.
7185:
Dimitris Charalambis, Laura Maratou-Alipranti, and Andromachi Hadjiyanni.
6134:
5461:
4536:
provided security. The roads leading to the jail were patrolled by tanks.
2932:
Though all NATO members except for Portugal, then under the authoritarian
11226:
11211:
10745:
10350:
10320:
10175:
10165:
10064:
9927:
9720:
9209:
9039:
8835:
8683:
8651:
8538:
8353:
8258:
8197:
3826:
3786:(prime minister from 1981 to 1989 and again from 1993 to 1996); and Lady
3252:
3187:
2914:
2897:
2640:
2141:
2085:. The colonels persuaded Spandidakis to join them, having him activate a
1700:
1626:
1531:
7998:
Are Greek Policemen Really Voting in Droves for Greece's Neo-Nazi Party?
6660:
6619:
5305:
Blowback: America's Recruitment of Nazis and Its Effects on the Cold War
4789:
Blowback: America's Recruitment of Nazis and Its Effects on the Cold War
4769:
Perkins, Bradford; Cohen, Warren; LaFeber, Walter; Iriye, Akira (1995).
3907:. During a patrol with other NATO vessels between continental Italy and
2921:
had given the country millions of dollars in economic aid to discourage
11201:
11123:
10504:
10215:
10185:
10139:
10054:
10022:
10014:
9957:
9645:
9360:
9049:
8937:
8543:
8099:
Britain and the Greek Colonels: Accommodating the Junta in the Cold War
7814:
7661:
7417:
Britain and the Greek Colonels: Accommodating the Junta in the Cold War
7355:
Britain and the Greek Colonels: Accommodating the Junta in the Cold War
6885:
6552:
Britain and the Greek Colonels: Accommodating the Junta in the Cold War
4681:
3736:
3578: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3531:
3238:
3234:
3157:
2985:
2981:
2976:. Papadopoulos allowed substantial social and cultural freedoms to all
2937:
2881:
2823:
was discharged and imprisoned by the junta due to his investigation on
2519:
2082:
1699:, proposed that, in case of such an "anomaly", the King should declare
1691:
politicians feared that the policies of left-wing Centrists, including
1454:, who ruled it until it fell on 24 July 1974 under the pressure of the
1450:
and gradual democratisation was ended by another coup by the hardliner
1003:
9158:
7582:
6806:"Folk Music and the Cultural Policies of the Military Junta in Greece"
5445:
5092:
NATO's Secret Armies: Operation GLADIO and Terrorism in Western Europe
4833:
NATO's Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe
3530:
After their visit to Greece, the Italian neo-fascists also engaged in
10800:
10645:
10494:
10467:
10280:
10235:
10144:
10112:
10092:
10084:
9413:
9203:
7613:
7545:
Unrepentant for the Dictatorship. Retrieved 15 August 2008 (In Greek)
5615:
From Ikaria to the Stars: Classical Mythification, Ancient and Modern
4656:
4539:
4123:
for at least the following day. Even the sidewalk cafes were closed.
3431:
3230:
3173:
3153:
2922:
2780:
2445:
In hopes of giving legal sanction to the regime, the junta drafted a
1661:
republican flavour. The king dismissed Papandreou in 1965, causing a
1471:
1295:
7895:
7806:
7459:
7442:
7209:
7207:
7205:
7203:
6534:
6517:
6253:
6236:
6066:
Killing Hope: U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II
5955:
Killing Hope: U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II
5257:
5240:
4452:
led the country's transition to democracy, the establishment of the
3731:
Protest against the junta by Greek political exiles in Germany, 1967
3673:
in 1963, took a stand against the junta. He made a statement on the
3553:
3272:, especially against the junta, albums during the period, including
2906:
The military government was given support by the United States as a
2658:
89:
10379:
10220:
10117:
9992:
9811:
9715:
8855:
8713:
8167:
7797:
Stern, Laurence (1975). "Bitter Lessons: How We Failed in Cyprus".
5760:
4580:
3908:
3636:
3269:
3201:
3132:
2907:
2865:
2105:, and – according to detailed lists – arrested over 10,000 people.
2046:
862:
725:
9499:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
2735:, 'We decide and we order'). Long-standing political freedoms and
1566:
had organized themselves into a secret society known as the IDEA (
11216:
10325:
10210:
10200:
10149:
9690:
8435:
7342:, BBC Greek service, translation by Google. Retrieved 6 July 2008
7200:
6999:. "(The song) "Anthrope agapa" was motivated by an anti-war film"
6902:
5758:
4597:
4476:
3802:
3128:
3107:
3059:
2770:
2571:
2137:
459:
3797:
In the early hours of 19 September 1970, in Matteotti square in
11189:
10393:
10195:
10134:
9069:
7474:Το (πολιτικό) παρασκήνιο του τελικού στο Γουέμπλεϊ Ιούνιος 1971
4973:
Alexis Papachelas, "Everything George Rallis recounted to me",
4469:
4386:
4163:
4116:
3970:
3825:
In a speech before the U.S. Senate on 6 November 1971, Senator
3814:
considered the precursor of later student protest, such as the
3744:
3740:
3640:
3467:
3229:, 'Infinite Fields'). He wrote and arranged the album using an
3095:
2784:
2655:, leading to many scholars describing the regime as fascistic.
2375:
2230:
2074:
1809:
1610:
1396:
953:
468:
464:
432:
10963:
7060:"Απέραντα χωράφια" του Κώστα Τουρνά καρποφορούν 40 χρόνια μετά
4863:
Kassimeris, Christos (2006). "Causes of the 1967 Greek Coup".
3160:
programmes such as the one hosted by famous Greek music/radio/
2929:
in Greece during and following the junta's undemocratic rule.
1537:
10878:
10834:
American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
10340:
10123:
8202:
4674:
4402:
3999:
On 10 April 1970 Papadopoulos announced the formation of the
3798:
3748:
3091:
1716:
1562:
influence. In 1945, officer veterans of the collaborationist
6438:
6106:
5900:
Pillar & tinderbox: the Greek press and the dictatorship
3919:
mutiny, for which he was later arrested as an "instigator".
3860:
2097:
while Pattakos gained control of communication centres, the
1446:
from 1967 to 1973, but an attempt to renew its support in a
10418:
10300:
8192:
8136:
5198:
5178:
4355:
Cypriot coup d'état, Turkish invasion and fall of the junta
3955:
strains of the junta came to the fore and pitted the junta
3900:
2885:
2690:
Other metaphors contained religious imagery related to the
2421:
1715:
In 1966, Constantine sent his envoy, Demetrios Bitsios, to
1644:
After many years of conservative rule, the election of the
1591:
203:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
7831:
Coufoudakis, Van (2002). "Recent Perspectives on Cyprus".
7056:
6350:"'A Discordant Note': NATO and the Greek Junta, 1967–1974"
5550:
5522:
Pillar & Tinderbox: The Greek Press Under Dictatorship
5118:
4039:, 'Parliament') for the Committee because it sounded bad.
423:
Map of Europe in 1973, showing Greece highlighted in green
10873:
10853:
10848:
7963:"Clinton concedes regret for U.S. support of Greek junta"
7111:
6958:
6891:
5138:
5034:
5032:
4373:
3028:
was allowed by the junta to film the classic horror film
2664:
1399:
from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels
7268:
6875:
4613:. Avrakotos, for example, dealt with the aftermath when
4192:
Coup reverses attempts to liberalize the military junta.
2073:
The coup leaders placed tanks in strategic positions in
5562:. Vol. 31. H. W. Wilson Company. 1971. p. 342
5370:
Giannis Katris, The Birth of Neofascism in Greece, 1971
4636:
party which gained eighteen seats in parliament in two
3899:, refused to return to Greece after participating in a
3450:, 'Greece is a construction zone'). The always smiling
8096:
6951:
6733:
6654:
6548:
6271:
The Psychological Origins of Institutionalized Torture
5787:
5029:
3630:
2039:
5,000 servicemen, on foot or on tanks or armoured cars
1633:
11268:
7718:
7382:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988 pp. 81–82.
6668:
6267:
6261:
5040:"Συνεχίζει τις προκλήσεις Ο Κωνσταντίνος Γλύξμπουργκ"
4426:
called a meeting of old-guard politicians, including
3194:. Poll enjoyed a number of nationwide hits, such as "
2116:, Papadopoulos announced that eleven articles of the
1586:(KKE) and its ancillary organizations were outlawed (
7909:"Macedonian Press Agency: News in English, 02-04-21"
7571:
7569:
7297:
citizens and bought land and properties to build on"
5192:
4962:
An Age of Mediocrity; Memoirs and Diaries, 1963–1972
4921:
4897:"Clinton Says U.S. Regrets Aid to Junta in Cold War"
4344:
composed by members some of whom were rounded up by
7769:
7767:
7704:
7702:
7700:
7698:
7511:», γιατί θεωρούσε τη λέξη Βουλή «ολίγον κακόηχον»."
7251:
Language and National Identity in Greece, 1766-1976
6298:"George Papadopoulos; Led Military Junta in Greece"
6169:
5875:. Vol. 161–162. K. Mauroudēs. 2008. p. 13
5225:. Pelekanos Books. p. 141. GGKEY:QD0C0PRDU6Z.
5218:
5003:
4941:
4735:
3233:and a rock group ("Ruth") combination, producing a
3118:During its rule, the dictatorship heavily utilized
3083:and its perception in Greek society as drug-using.
306:
283:
114:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
8061:
7927:"One in three Greeks yearns for junta years: Poll"
7500:
7498:
5687:
5651:Kassandra and the Censors: Greek Poetry Since 1967
4566:
4498:Parliamentary democracy was thus restored and the
2860:imprisonment, and the labelling of the victims as
2369:Destiny Prevails: My life with Aristóteles Onassis
7945:"Clinton lamenta el apoyo de EU a Junta Griega",
7657:"1974: Greek military rule gives in to democracy"
7566:
6792:"November 17th, Cyprus and the Fall of the Junta"
6727:
6307:
5728:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5212:
5172:
5112:
4563:and a third called "The trial of the torturers".
3690:, based on a book by celebrated left-wing writer
11304:
11103:
10819:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
8059:
7764:
7755:"Greece Cancels Plan to Pardon Ex-Junta Members"
7695:
7311:
7307:
7305:
7303:
7057:Δελτίο Τύπου musicpaper.gr (11 September 2012).
6834:
6175:Marion Sarafis, Marion Saraphē, and Martin Eve.
5848:. Vol. 219. F.C. Westley. 1967. p. 772
5685:
3619:. The first armed action against the junta was
3423:. Economic growth started losing steam by 1972.
3152:, but this was eventually relaxed. In addition,
738:
9256:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972
8663:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
8131:"November 17, Cyprus and the Fall of the Junta"
7495:
7242:
6760:
6286:The country became a true military police state
5518:
5307:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988 p. 82
4791:, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1988 p. 81
1770:The leaders of the 1967 coup d'état: Brigadier
1719:on a mission to persuade former prime minister
1679:
1519:
7605:
7037:
7019:
6990:
6542:
6392:
6390:
6207:. Oxford and New York: Routledge. p. 73.
5752:
5719:
5647:
5525:. New York : Marion Boyars. p. 110.
5158:
5132:
5016:
4954:
4072:
1594:) in 1952. This included notable CIA officers
11368:States and territories disestablished in 1974
10979:
8152:
7951:: Los Angeles, CA, 21 November 1999, page A1.
7761:. 31 December 1990. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
7300:
7050:
7040:"Ο Τουρνάς ξαναπερπατά τα "Απέραντα Χωράφια""
6634:
6612:
5836:
5740:. Flinders University: dspace.flinders.edu.au
5679:
5443:
4505:
3653:
2960:, ruled by the similarly brutal and despotic
2681:In the same speech Papadopoulos continued:
1361:
11108:
10895:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
8446:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council
8047:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
7157:
7082:
6754:
6069:. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press. p.
5974:
5972:
5970:
5811:
5654:. Cornell University Press. pp. 16–19.
5618:. University of Texas Press. pp. 228–.
5578:
5512:
5484:
5399:The Greek Junta and the International System
4134:
3971:Normalization and attempts at liberalization
3123:government were those which accompanied the
1554:, and began actively supporting a series of
9756:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
7830:
7536:
6575:
6387:
6197:
6107:UN Committee Against Torture (9 May 1997).
5818:. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. 44–.
5643:
5641:
5639:
5611:
4985:
4983:
4406:
4110:
4104:
4034:
4028:
4018:
4012:
4006:
4000:
3871:
3865:
3491:
3485:
3471:
3461:
3455:
3445:
3439:
3434:, Kastrakion, Polyphytos, the expansion of
3350:
3344:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3273:
3242:
3241:. In 1973 Kostas Tournas created the album
3224:
3218:
3205:
3195:
3049:
3043:
2730:
2724:
2695:
2630:
2623:
2617:
2553:
2547:
2533:
2527:
2509:
2503:
2493:
2487:
2486:The colonels preferred to call the coup an
2065:
298:
275:
77:Learn how and when to remove these messages
11363:States and territories established in 1967
10986:
10972:
10859:United States involvement in regime change
8414:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
8159:
8145:
8088:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
8051:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
7440:
7413:
7351:
7031:
6515:
6234:
5781:
5732:
5238:
5152:
4991:ΤΑ ΔΙΚΑ ΜΑΣ 60's – Μέρος 3ο: ΧΑΜΕΝΗ ΑΝΟΙΞΗ
4643:in 2012, in the midst of Greece's ongoing
4381:Sponsored by Ioannidis, on 15 July 1974 a
2940:before the Human Rights Commission of the
2758:to accuse Greece of violating most of the
2639:The Greek junta has been characterized as
1761:
1578:, were members of IDEA. With American and
1550:In 1947, the United States formulated the
1368:
1354:
417:
7871:"A long, happy summer night 30 years ago"
7619:"A long, happy summer night 30 years ago"
7458:
7447:The Historical Review/La Revue Historique
7420:. London: I.B. Tauris. pp. 183–184.
7358:. London: I.B. Tauris. pp. 276–277.
7248:
7187:Recent Social Trends in Greece, 1960–2000
7166:Recent Social Trends in France, 1960–1990
7063:(in Greek). musicpaper.gr. Archived from
6997:Kostas Tournas article on Greek Knowledge
6683:
6595:
6533:
6522:The Historical Review/La Revue Historique
6470:Pedaliu, Effie G. H. (22 February 2007).
6252:
6241:The Historical Review/La Revue Historique
5967:
5957:, revised edition. Common Courage Press.
5946:
5944:
5942:
5940:
5863:
5805:
5694:. Harvard University Press. p. xxi.
5605:
5444:Kouki, Eleni; Antoniou, Dimitris (2017).
5256:
5245:The Historical Review/La Revue Historique
5086:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5009:Alexis Papachelas, "Constantine Speaks",
4846:Thousands decry U.S. in streets of Athens
4692:, about the making of the junta torturers
4617:murdered his superior, CIA station chief
3845:traveled to Greece in May 1974. While in
3594:Learn how and when to remove this message
3426:In addition, large scale construction of
3005:
2967:
2948:Countries such as the United Kingdom and
250:Learn how and when to remove this message
232:Learn how and when to remove this message
174:Learn how and when to remove this message
7505:Ο κ. πρόεδρος και η χούντα from isopress
7441:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (December 2014).
7090:""Τα απέραντα χωράφια" του Κώστα Τουρνά"
6516:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (December 2014).
6235:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (December 2014).
5903:. New York: Marion Boyars. p. 105.
5896:
5636:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5319:
5317:
5315:
5313:
5286:
5284:
5270:
5268:
5239:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (December 2014).
5222:Λεξικό Σύγχρονο της Νεοελληνικής Γλώσσας
4980:
4938:, To Vima, 10 December 2000, (in Greek).
4892:
4890:
4538:
4444:
4372:
3974:
3859:
3726:
3722:
3323:1969 European Championships in Athletics
2810:
2794:
2779:
2473:
2464:
1765:
1536:
1504:, that can be traced to the time of the
835:131,957 km (50,949 sq mi)
8985:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia)
8064:The Rise and Fall of the Greek Colonels
7868:
7523:
7395:. Guenter-wallraff.com. 9 December 1969
6803:
6469:
6396:
6347:
6047:"Danish 'Phoenix' and 'Neighbor's Son'"
5815:Making an Elephant: Writing from Within
5788:Robert Shannan Peckham (28 June 1999).
5759:Άννα-Μαρία Σιχάνη Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών.
5392:
5353:
5351:
5165:. Ekdoseis Th. Kastaniōtē. p. 30.
4951:, Ta Nea, 15 February 2007, (in Greek).
4882:Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA
4814:
4812:
4799:
4797:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4528:. The trial was described as "Greece's
4098:National Technical University of Athens
3963:constraints were removed from Greece's
2659:"Patient in a cast" and other metaphors
2209:King Constantine's counter-coup attempt
1426:was characterised by policies such as
14:
11305:
10829:Russian espionage in the United States
9101:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
6576:Pechlivanis, Paschalis (14 May 2020).
6348:Pedaliu, Effie G. H. (15 March 2011).
5937:
5067:
4967:
4615:Revolutionary Organization 17 November
4183:overthrown and put under house arrest.
3543:
2831:According to a human rights report by
2478:Under the regime, the old flag of the
2201:
1615:Hellenic National Intelligence Service
10967:
10824:Soviet espionage in the United States
8980:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966
8759:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
8424:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
8140:
7796:
7777:'I Am with You, Democracy Is with You
7318:. Lexington Books. pp. 103–104.
6397:Pedaliu, Effie G. H. (1 March 2016).
5330:
5310:
5281:
5265:
4887:
4806:, George Crile, 2003, Grove/Atlantic.
4746:[kaθesˈtostonsindaɣmatarˈxon]
4744:
3503:
2891:
2839:, an American attorney and author of
1434:, and the imprisonment, torture, and
11383:1960s coups d'état and coup attempts
11180:Glossary of the Greek military junta
10900:Soviet Union–United States relations
9251:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
7960:
7490:ενός είδους υβριδικής, μικρής Βουλής
7152:Proceedings Fourth Annual Conference
6062:
5348:
5219:Ομάδα Εκπαιδευτικών (14 July 2014).
5199:Dēmētrios Nik Chondrokoukēs (1976).
5179:Dēmētrios Nik Chondrokoukēs (1976).
4964:, New York: Macmillan, 1973, p. 575.
4809:
4794:
4776:
4532:". One thousand soldiers armed with
3833:and denounced the administration of
3576:adding citations to reliable sources
3547:
3410:
3296:, the name of Greek folk dance) and
2577:In 1970, Georgalas published a book
185:
112:adding citations to reliable sources
83:
42:
27:Military rulers of Greece, 1967–1974
10864:Soviet involvement in regime change
7589:"Greece marks '73 student uprising"
7092:. Newsbeast.gr. 25 September 2019.
6925:Nostradamos Ta Paramythia tis yayas
5162:Hē alētheia einai to phōs pou kaiei
5119:Dēmētrios N. Chondrokoukēs (1983).
4500:Greek legislative elections of 1974
4479:made available to him by President
3992:and hardliners who identified with
3631:Assassination attempt by Panagoulis
3113:
3062:tendencies, on the Greek island of
2764:European Convention on Human Rights
2756:European Commission of Human Rights
2182:, a former Attorney General of the
2159:
1634:Apostasia and political instability
24:
10905:Soviet Union–United States summits
8379:1947 Polish parliamentary election
8264:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
7971:. Associated Press. Archived from
7961:Hunt, Terence (21 November 1999).
7732:. 1 September 1975. Archived from
7216:"The Metapolitefsi that never was"
5988:. 1 September 1975. Archived from
5227:απριλιανοί: οι δικτατορες του 1974
5139:Andreas George Papandreou (1976).
5053:"American/World History 1967–1968"
4377:Map showing the division of Cyprus
3903:exercise and remained anchored at
3646:Panagoulis was transferred to the
3237:which is considered a landmark of
2910:ally, due to its proximity to the
1665:known as the "Apostasia of 1965".
1506:resistance against Axis occupation
518:(25 November 1973 to 24 July 1974)
25:
11394:
9666:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
9601:United States invasion of Grenada
8871:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
8812:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania
8124:"The Rise of the Junta in Greece"
8116:
7038:Χρήστος Καρράς (6 October 2012).
6959:"Kostas Tournas official website"
6714:"The Rise of the Junta in Greece"
6178:Background to Contemporary Greece
6109:"Concluding observations: Israel"
4918:, London: I.B. Tauris, 2009 p. 46
4844:Moseley, Ray (17 November 1999).
4822:, London: I.B. Tauris, 2009 p. 75
4408:ΕΛ.ΔΥ.Κ. (Ελληνική Δύναμη Κύπρου)
3895:, under the command of Commander
3876:, 'Arrow'), now a museum ship at
3766:, actor, singer (and, after 1981
3623:'s failed attempt to assassinate
3371:
2917:, and the fact that the previous
2247:King Constantine sent into exile.
2151:Papadopoulos' junta attempted to
2067:Κέντρο Εκπαίδευσης Τεθωρακισμένων
58:This article has multiple issues.
11378:1974 disestablishments in Greece
11290:
11278:
11087:
9741:United States invasion of Panama
9591:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War
9231:1971 Turkish military memorandum
9194:Communist insurgency in Thailand
9164:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
9096:Communist insurgency in Malaysia
8923:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
8851:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
8369:Restatement of Policy on Germany
7991:
7954:
7939:
7919:
7901:
7889:
7862:
7824:
7790:
7748:
7677:
7649:
7635:
7552:
7514:
7467:
7434:
7407:
7385:
7372:
7345:
7332:
7312:Marlene Laruelle (1 July 2015).
7280:
7179:
7154:. Band 1. Florenz 1999, 162–166.
7141:
7123:
7099:
6865:Nostradamos: Dos mou to heri sou
6583:The International History Review
6404:The International History Review
6204:Gendered Wars, Gendered Memories
5024:Postscript with a Chinese Accent
4703:Timeline of modern Greek history
4495:, and he became prime minister.
4284:
4273:
4261:
4250:
4233:
4221:
4210:
3774:, composer of resistance songs;
3552:
3470:in hand, starred in many of the
3362:
3200:(Mankind Love One Another)", an
3102:was inspired to write the song "
2787:, a prison island for dissidents
2342:
2328:
2314:
2297:
2285:
2269:
2016:
2004:
1990:
1972:
1960:
1946:
1922:
1910:
1898:
1882:
1844:
1826:Establishment of the Greek junta
1568:Ieros Desmos Ellinon Axiomatikon
1337:
985:
946:
925:
900:
403:
371:
342:
326:
190:
88:
47:
39:History of the Hellenic Republic
10993:
10461:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
9842:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
9771:Fall of the inner German border
9671:1988 Black Sea bumping incident
9321:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
9311:Spanish transition to democracy
9271:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency
8898:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
8404:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
8285:Occupation of the Baltic states
8097:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (2012).
8011:
7869:Modiano, Mario (23 July 2004).
7833:Journal of Modern Greek Studies
7414:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (2012).
7393:"Biography of Günther Wallraff"
7352:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (2012).
7002:
6973:
6934:
6917:
6857:
6797:
6767:. Berghahn Books. p. 177.
6734:Nikolaos Papadogiannis (2015).
6569:
6549:Nafpliotis, Alexandros (2012).
6509:
6463:
6341:
6291:
6228:
6191:
6149:
6127:
6100:
6087:
6056:
6036:
6008:
5925:
5890:
5790:"Obituary: George Papadopoulos"
5450:Journal of Modern Greek Studies
5437:
5386:
5373:
5364:
5297:
5232:
5145:. Ekdoseis Ladia. p. 127.
5045:
4908:
4567:Legacy and Greek public opinion
3979:Presidential standard (1973–74)
3852:
3747:, or inhabited islands such as
3609:Panhellenic Liberation Movement
3563:needs additional citations for
3380:of whether Greece should adopt
3204:song composed by Tournas, and "
2717:
2579:The Decline of Consumer Society
1448:1973 referendum on the monarchy
99:needs additional citations for
66:or discuss these issues on the
11258:Hellenic Railways Organisation
11114:1968 constitutional referendum
9241:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
8876:Mozambican War of Independence
8315:Indonesian National Revolution
8024:Modern Greece: a Short History
7896:Models of Transitional Justice
7131:O Archon Nous (The Ruling Mind
6872:(Give me your hand) on YouTube
6804:Papaeti, Anna (January 2015).
6740:. Berghahn Books. p. 46.
6321:. 3 April 1972. Archived from
6268:Mika Haritos-Fatouros (2003).
5980:"Greece: Answering to History"
4874:
4857:
4838:
4825:
4763:
4715:
4684:", a song by Mikis Theodorakis
4493:November 1974 general election
3337:
2087:previously-drafted action plan
1526:Operation Gladio § Greece
13:
1:
11373:1967 establishments in Greece
10839:CIA and the Cultural Cold War
9854:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
9807:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
9529:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts
9494:Seven Days to the River Rhine
9226:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
8513:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état
8441:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état
8027:. London: Faber & Faber.
7548:English translation by Google
7010:Paul Williams: Anthrope Agapa
6597:10.1080/07075332.2020.1764609
6417:10.1080/07075332.2016.1141308
5932:Greek Constitution (Syntagma)
5202:Hoi anentimoi kai ho "Aspida"
5182:Hoi anentimoi kai ho "Aspida"
4773:. Cambridge University Press.
4756:
4737:kathestós ton Syntagmatarchón
3386:, based on Ancient Greek, or
3143:
2958:Socialist Republic of Romania
2697:Χριστός Ανέστη – Ελλάς Ανέστη
1481:
1474:and the establishment of the
1066:
1050:
1034:
750:• Constantine II exiled
9832:Fall of communism in Albania
9802:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
9751:Polish Round Table Agreement
9091:1968 Polish political crisis
8908:Eritrean War of Independence
8674:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
8569:East German uprising of 1953
8501:Chinese Communist Revolution
8166:
6446:Report of the Sub-Commission
6366:10.1080/09592296.2011.549745
6159:. Walker and Company, 1970,
4602:"better" days of the Junta.
4422:. Junta-appointed President
4397:. Turkey replied to this by
3447:Η Ελλάς είναι ένα εργοτάξιον
2732:Αποφασίζομεν και διατάσσομεν
2081:, Commander-in-Chief of the
1520:American influence in Greece
503:(1 June to 25 November 1973)
7:
11237:Anthem of the 21st of April
11139:Athens Polytechnic uprising
9706:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
9434:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
9179:Corrective Movement (Syria)
9143:New People's Army rebellion
9138:Sino-Soviet border conflict
8866:Angolan War of Independence
8729:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
8609:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état
8254:Jamaican political conflict
7715:. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
7253:. Oxford University Press.
7107:"NME online music magazine"
6854:of the dictatorship years."
5934:. Retrieved 15 August 2008.
5122:Hē atheatē pleura tou PASOK
4736:
4726:καθεστώς των Συνταγματαρχών
4662:
4561:Athens Polytechnic uprising
4313:as president and economist
4105:
4079:Athens Polytechnic uprising
4073:Uprising at the Polytechnic
4029:
4013:
4001:
3949:
3866:
3816:Athens Polytechnic uprising
3486:
3472:
3463:Το πρώτο μυστρί της Ελλάδας
3457:to proto mistri tis elladas
3456:
3440:
3345:
3298:
3286:
3284:, 'The Madman's Orchard'),
3274:
3243:
3219:
3206:
3196:
3044:
2726:Apofasizomen ke diatassomen
2725:
2631:
2618:
2560:Greece for Christian Greeks
2548:
2528:
2504:
2488:
2469:
2250:Monarchy abolished in 1973.
1572:Central Intelligence Agency
396:Anthem of the 21st of April
307:
284:
18:1967 Greek coup d'état
10:
11399:
11054:Adamantios Androutsopoulos
9902:Sino-Indian border dispute
9731:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
9661:1987–1989 JVP insurrection
9419:1976 Argentine coup d'état
9331:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
9281:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état
8965:1964 Brazilian coup d'état
8933:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964
8622:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
8389:Asian Relations Conference
7968:The Topeka Capital-Journal
7340:George Seferis and the BBC
6476:Diplomacy & Statecraft
6354:Diplomacy & Statecraft
5559:Current Biography Yearbook
5381:Greece Under Military Rule
5359:Greece Under Military Rule
5343:Greece Under Military Rule
5325:Greece Under Military Rule
5292:Greece Under Military Rule
5276:Greece Under Military Rule
5125:. Isokratēs. p. 145.
5026:, Macmillan, 1974, p. 277.
4509:
4506:Trials of the junta (1975)
4365:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
4358:
4315:Adamantios Androutsopoulos
4076:
4055:a controversial referendum
3671:Nobel Prize for Literature
3654:Broadening of the movement
3617:Socialist Democratic Union
3507:
3441:I Ellas ine ena ergotaxion
3357:the backbone of the people
3311:
2895:
2428:
2389:, their two baby children
2163:
2070:, ΚΕΤΘ), based in Athens.
1637:
1619:Mountain Raiding Companies
1523:
1485:
1456:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
687:Adamantios Androutsopoulos
496:semi-presidential republic
36:
29:
11253:Hellenic Vehicle Industry
11245:
11172:
11109:1967 counter-coup attempt
11096:
11085:
11001:
10938:
10887:
10809:
10786:William Appleman Williams
10731:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
10513:
10485:
10434:
10366:
10359:
10293:
10158:
10083:
10013:
10006:
9915:
9862:
9794:
9507:
9246:Bangladesh Liberation War
9236:1971 Sudanese coup d'état
9151:
9123:1969 Sudanese coup d'état
9111:1968 Peruvian coup d'état
8774:
8549:Arab Cold War (1952–1979)
8526:
8236:
8174:
8060:Woodhouse, C. M. (1985).
7249:Mackridge, Peter (2009).
6696:27 September 2007 at the
6647:28 September 2007 at the
6488:10.1080/09592290601163118
6274:. Routledge. p. 28.
5897:McDonald, Robert (1983).
5686:Willis Barnstone (1972).
5393:Varsori, Antonio (2020),
4934:29 September 2007 at the
4725:
4487:. Karamanlis' new party,
4407:
4243:
4202:
4146:
4142:Ioannidis coup and regime
4141:
4135:Ioannidis coup and regime
4111:
4035:
4019:
4007:
3915:also participated in the
3888:protest, on 23 May 1973,
3872:
3492:
3462:
3446:
3351:
3304:
3292:
3280:
3225:
3177:Socrates Drank the Conium
3050:
2974:Hellenic Military Academy
2731:
2696:
2632:Ellas Ellinon Christianon
2624:
2554:
2549:Ellas Ellinon Christianon
2534:
2510:
2494:
2489:Ethnosotirios Epanastasis
2307:
2260:
2213:
2208:
2066:
2031:
1936:
1836:
1792:
1787:
1584:Communist Party of Greece
1467:
1157:Frankish and Latin states
941:
879:
869:
854:
844:
839:
829:
824:
820:
807:
794:
781:
773:• Republic declared
771:
762:Constitutional referendum
758:
748:
735:
731:
721:
697:
693:
679:
667:
655:
643:
639:
629:
625:
613:
601:
597:
587:
583:
557:
537:
533:
523:
474:
458:
448:
438:
428:
416:
360:
322:
317:
299:
276:
266:
11328:Military coups in Greece
11129:1973 republic referendum
9561:1980 Turkish coup d'état
9396:Cambodian–Vietnamese War
9366:1978 Somali coup attempt
9326:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
9291:1973 Chilean coup d'état
9116:Revolutionary Government
9010:South African Border War
8802:1960 Turkish coup d'état
8719:Iraqi 14 July Revolution
8574:1953 Iranian coup d'état
8554:1952 Egyptian revolution
7486:Συμβουλευτικής Επιτροπής
7292:2 September 2012 at the
7059:
6761:Kostis Kornetis (2013).
6675:Review of "Bloodsuckers"
5519:Robert McDonald (1983).
4831:Ganser, Daniele (2005).
4708:
4669:History of modern Greece
4647:. Golden Dawn's leader,
4481:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
4462:Panagiotis Kanellopoulos
4436:Stephanos Stephanopoulos
4428:Panagiotis Kanellopoulos
4361:1974 Cypriot coup d'état
3923:enthusiasm by the crew.
2555:Ελλάς Ελλήνων Χριστιανών
2495:Εθνοσωτήριος Επανάστασις
2166:Constantine II of Greece
2110:Panagiotis Kanellopoulos
1967:Panagiotis Kanellopoulos
1234:Second Hellenic Republic
11323:1970s in Greek politics
11318:1960s in Greek politics
9766:Fall of the Berlin Wall
9711:People Power Revolution
9696:Central American crisis
9636:1986 Black Sea incident
9286:1973 Afghan coup d'état
9184:Western Sahara conflict
8995:1966 Syrian coup d'état
8918:1963 Syrian coup d'état
8861:Portuguese Colonial War
8824:First Iraqi–Kurdish War
8589:1954 Syrian coup d'état
8466:Annexation of Hyderabad
8409:1947–1949 Palestine war
8101:. London: I.B. Tauris.
7709:"The Colonels on Trial"
7692:9 December 1974, p. 1A.
7684:"Greeks Spurn Monarchy"
6846:10 October 2009 at the
6555:. London: I.B. Tauris.
6315:"The Poly-Papadopoulos"
6201:; Peto, Andrea (2016).
6135:"James Becket bio from"
5648:Karen Van Dyck (1998).
5407:10.4324/9780429438691-6
5185:. Kedros. p. 300.
5159:Giannēs Katrēs (1983).
5090:Ganser Daniele (2005).
4553:Konstantinos Mitsotakis
4466:Konstantinos Karamanlis
4454:Third Hellenic Republic
4450:Konstantinos Karamanlis
4112:Ελεύθεροι Πολιορκημένοι
3378:Greek language question
3281:Το Περιβόλι του Τρελλού
3275:To Perivoli tou Trellou
3042:and suitably featuring
2544:parliamentary democracy
2128:, then the director of
1762:Coup d'état of 21 April
1709:William Phillips Talbot
1670:Ioannis Paraskevopoulos
1476:Third Hellenic Republic
1268:Third Hellenic Republic
1248:Collaborationist regime
1219:First Hellenic Republic
1183:Venetian Ionian Islands
921:Third Hellenic Republic
846:• 1971 census
739:Coup d'état of 21 April
482:constitutional monarchy
11333:Military dictatorships
11079:Alexandros Hatzipetros
10060:Neoclassical economics
9571:Gulf of Sidra incident
9128:1969 Libyan revolution
8819:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
8604:1954 Geneva Conference
8364:Turkish straits crisis
8359:Corfu Channel incident
7726:"Answering to History"
7509:Συμβουλευτική Επιτροπή
7479:23 August 2009 at the
6662:Incense for the Damned
6063:Blum, William (1995).
6023:26 August 2003 at the
5205:. Kedros. p. 12.
5042:, Ta Nea, 10 May 1997.
4929:"Διογένης και άνακτες"
4865:Democracy and Security
4697:Loafing and Camouflage
4649:Nikolaos Michaloliakos
4544:
4457:
4378:
4244:Commanders and leaders
4106:Eleftheri Poliorkimeni
4008:Συμβουλευτική Επιτροπή
4002:Simvouleftiki Epitropi
3980:
3881:
3839:investigative reporter
3732:
3696:United Democratic Left
3660:George Papandreou, Sr.
3537:Piazza Fontana bombing
3352:η ραχοκοκαλιά του λαού
3346:i rahokokalia tou laou
3031:Incense for the Damned
3006:Western music and film
2968:Sociocultural policies
2828:
2808:
2788:
2715:
2706:
2692:resurrection of Christ
2688:
2679:
2568:Savvas Konstantopoulos
2522:but also by inventing
2483:
2451:15 November referendum
2308:Commanders and leaders
2095:Greek Defence Ministry
1937:Commanders and leaders
1874:United Democratic Left
1869:National Radical Union
1788:1967 Greek coup d'état
1782:
1721:Constantine Karamanlis
1689:National Radical Union
1674:United Democratic Left
1547:
1419:was favoured to win.
1386:Regime of the Colonels
511:parliamentary republic
212:by rewriting it in an
11044:Grigorios Spandidakis
11009:Georgios Papadopoulos
10910:Russia–NATO relations
10791:Jonathan Reed Winkler
10075:Democratic capitalism
10070:Supply-side economics
10038:American conservatism
9837:Breakup of Yugoslavia
9726:Bougainville conflict
9641:South Yemen civil war
9576:Martial law in Poland
9439:Nicaraguan Revolution
9414:Dirty War (Argentina)
9221:1971 JVP insurrection
9035:Years of Lead (Italy)
8913:North Yemen civil war
8831:Berlin Crisis of 1961
8807:Albanian–Soviet split
8739:1959 Tibetan uprising
8704:Syrian Crisis of 1957
8559:Iraqi Intifada (1952)
8419:1948 Arab–Israeli War
7845:10.1353/mgs.2002.0004
7563:16 April 1973, p. A6.
6137:. IMDb. 6 August 1997
5812:Graham Swift (2010).
5462:10.1353/mgs.2017.0027
5000:" by Stelios Kouloglu
4914:Kassimeris, Christos
4818:Kassimeris, Christos
4542:
4448:
4389:overthrew Archbishop
4376:
4346:Greek Military Police
4280:Georgios Papadopoulos
4181:Georgios Papadopoulos
4063:presidential republic
3990:Eleftherios Venizelos
3978:
3928:North Atlantic Treaty
3863:
3730:
3723:International protest
3648:Greek Military Police
3627:, on 13 August 1968.
3621:Alexandros Panagoulis
3525:Avanguardia Nazionale
3508:Further information:
3430:projects, such as in
3421:The Coca-Cola Company
3054:), a beguiling Greek
3026:Robert Hartford-Davis
2919:Truman administration
2896:Further information:
2833:Amnesty International
2814:
2798:
2783:
2775:Greek Military Police
2710:
2702:
2683:
2674:
2616:once coined the term
2526:and slogans, such as
2502:. They used the term
2477:
2465:Junta characteristics
2350:Georgios Papadopoulos
2079:Grigorios Spandidakis
1998:Georgios Papadopoulos
1890:Hellenic Armed Forces
1776:Georgios Papadopoulos
1769:
1734:, Karamanlis flew to
1663:constitutional crisis
1576:Georgios Papadopoulos
1540:
1488:Percentages agreement
1444:Georgios Papadopoulos
662:Georgios Papadopoulos
608:Georgios Papadopoulos
578:Georgios Papadopoulos
515:military dictatorship
500:military dictatorship
486:military dictatorship
439:Common languages
285:Vasíleion tís Elládos
277:Βασίλειον τῆς Ἑλλάδος
11173:Ideology and symbols
11134:Constitution of 1973
11119:Constitution of 1968
11034:Konstantinos Kollias
10331:Non-Aligned Movement
9953:Peaceful coexistence
9907:North Borneo dispute
9822:German reunification
9817:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
9515:Salvadoran Civil War
9464:Grand Mosque seizure
9459:Yemenite War of 1979
9351:Mozambican Civil War
9306:Carnation Revolution
9261:Yemenite War of 1972
9199:1970 Polish protests
9030:1967 Hong Kong riots
9005:Argentine Revolution
8955:Guatemalan Civil War
8883:Cuban Missile Crisis
8797:Bay of Pigs Invasion
8669:1956 Poznań protests
8647:Geneva Summit (1955)
8249:Hukbalahap Rebellion
8228:Non-Aligned Movement
7881:on 25 January 2012.
7594:17 June 2008 at the
7378:Simpson, Christoper
6905:on 30 September 2007
5612:Peter Green (2004).
5303:Simpson, Christoper
5055:. Historycentral.com
4996:6 April 2008 at the
4884:, Doubleday, p. 383.
4880:Weiner, Tim (2007),
4804:Charlie Wilson's War
4787:Simpson, Christoper
3782:from 1996 to 2004);
3768:Minister for Culture
3572:improve this article
3517:Stefano Delle Chiaie
3266:Dionysis Savvopoulos
2821:Christos Sartzetakis
2799:The cell of officer
2749:freedom of the press
2335:Konstantinos Kollias
2243:Coup attempt failed
2180:Konstantinos Kollias
1405:caretaker government
1239:4th of August Regime
1209:Septinsular Republic
798:Polytechnic Uprising
650:Konstantinos Kollias
108:improve this article
32:Piłsudski's colonels
11024:Dimitrios Ioannides
10776:Alex von Tunzelmann
10766:Vladimir Tismăneanu
10691:Thomas J. McCormick
10686:Jack F. Matlock Jr.
10586:Robert Hugh Ferrell
10449:Crusade for Freedom
10246:Illiberal democracy
10130:Ho Chi Minh Thought
9933:Eisenhower Doctrine
9786:Peaceful Revolution
9781:Romanian Revolution
9761:Revolutions of 1989
9746:1988 Polish strikes
9656:Operation INFEKTION
9651:1987 Lieyu massacre
9556:Eritrean Civil Wars
9539:Peruvian Revolution
9489:1979 Herat uprising
9479:Sino-Vietnamese War
9444:Uganda–Tanzania War
9424:Egyptian–Libyan War
9391:Third Indochina War
9386:Sino-Albanian split
9376:Ethiopian Civil War
9276:Eritrean Civil Wars
9216:Ping-pong diplomacy
9189:Cambodian Civil War
9015:Korean DMZ Conflict
9000:Cultural Revolution
8970:Dominican Civil War
8948:Tlatelolco massacre
8734:1959 Mosul uprising
8724:1958 Lebanon crisis
8451:Al-Wathbah uprising
8374:First Indochina War
8344:Iran crisis of 1946
7975:on 26 December 2008
7736:on 12 December 2008
7624:5 June 2009 at the
6642:Horror Film Archive
6325:on 13 December 2008
6043:Lawrence Van Gelder
6015:Lawrence Van Gelder
5992:on 12 December 2008
5831:everywhere ...
4905:, 21 November 1999.
4851:The Chicago Tribune
4689:Your Neighbor's Son
4420:Dimitrios Ioannidis
4303:Dimitrios Ioannidis
4257:Dimitrios Ioannidis
4187:Dimitrios Ioannidis
3831:Security Battalions
3716:Your Neighbor's Son
3692:Vassilis Vassilikos
3669:, recipient of the
3625:George Papadopoulos
3544:Anti-junta movement
3332:Dimitrios Ioannidis
3186:Another pop group,
3066:. In 1970 the film
2841:Barbarism in Greece
2817:President of Greece
2612:The Greek novelist
2607:4th of August Party
2603:Friedrich Nietzsche
2395:Crown Prince Pavlos
2202:King's counter-coup
2054:George Papadopoulos
1979:Georgios Papandreou
1726:Cyrus L. Sulzberger
1650:Georgios Papandreou
1564:Security Battalions
1514:government-in-exile
1462:("regime change") (
1452:Dimitrios Ioannidis
1440:political opponents
1413:Georgios Papandreou
1409:scheduled elections
1214:War of Independence
1170:Early modern Greece
1024:Helladic chronology
785:Republic referendum
702:Hellenic Parliament
308:Ellinikí Dimokratía
300:Ἑλληνικὴ Δημοκρατία
11164:Greek Junta Trials
11069:Georgios Georgalas
11064:Michael Roufogalis
11019:Nikolaos Makarezos
11014:Stylianos Pattakos
10930:Russian Revolution
10726:Mary Elise Sarotte
10711:William B. Pickett
10636:Patrick J. Hearden
10616:Gabriel Gorodetsky
10611:Timothy Garton Ash
10596:Anneli Ute Gabanyi
10191:Ethnic nationalism
9943:Hallstein Doctrine
9827:Yemeni unification
9616:1985 Geneva Summit
9581:Casamance conflict
9484:New Jewel Movement
9469:Iranian Revolution
9454:Chadian–Libyan War
9401:Cambodian conflict
9381:Lebanese Civil War
9371:Western Sahara War
9346:June 1976 protests
9341:Cambodian genocide
9106:17 July Revolution
9060:Nigerian Civil War
8975:Rhodesian Bush War
8960:Colombian conflict
8903:Ramadan Revolution
8642:Bandung Conference
8518:Operation Valuable
8399:Partition of India
7932:The Times of India
7602:, 17 November 1999
7213:Ioannis Tzortzis,
7067:on 4 December 2012
6841:"Nikos Mastorakis"
6679:The New York Times
6640:Summarised by the
6095:The World of Music
6051:The New York Times
6045:(29 August 1984).
6030:The New York Times
5590:. 1969. p. 24
5401:, pp. 48–57,
5013:, 29 January 2006.
4960:C. L. Sulzberger,
4835:Routledge. p. 216.
4634:extreme right-wing
4587:with incalculable
4545:
4512:Greek junta trials
4458:
4379:
4216:Hardliner faction
4129:Greek junta trials
3981:
3882:
3784:Andreas Papandreou
3733:
3700:Gregoris Lambrakis
3684:released the film
3613:Democratic Defense
3504:Italian connection
3452:Stylianos Pattakos
3308:, 'Dirty Bread').
2892:External relations
2862:anarcho-communists
2829:
2809:
2789:
2745:freedom of thought
2743:, which protected
2741:Greek Constitution
2564:Georgios Georgalas
2511:αναρχοκομμουνισταί
2505:anarchokommounisté
2484:
2407:Hellenic Air Force
2401:, and his sister,
2277:Monarchy loyalists
2188:Gregoris Lambrakis
2118:Greek constitution
2060:seized power in a
2058:Nikolaos Makarezos
2050:Stylianos Pattakos
2023:Nikolaos Makarezos
2011:Stylianos Pattakos
1929:Hellenic Air Force
1783:
1780:Nikolaos Makarezos
1772:Stylianos Pattakos
1731:The New York Times
1728:correspondent for
1693:Andreas Papandreou
1680:A "Generals' Coup"
1548:
1442:. It was ruled by
1430:, restrictions on
1119:Hellenistic Greece
706:nominal, suspended
291:Hellenic Republic
268:Kingdom of Greece
214:encyclopedic style
201:is written like a
11358:Conflicts in 1967
11338:Fascism in Greece
11266:
11265:
11185:Greek nationalism
11074:Nikolaos Dertilis
11039:Georgios Zoitakis
10961:
10960:
10948:List of conflicts
10796:Rudolph Winnacker
10741:Giles Scott-Smith
10716:Ronald E. Powaski
10671:Melvyn P. Leffler
10601:John Lewis Gaddis
10576:Robert D. English
10541:Warren H. Carroll
10531:Michael Beschloss
10500:Nuclear arms race
10481:
10480:
10387:Neues Deutschland
10289:
10288:
10271:White nationalism
10241:Liberal democracy
9978:Ulbricht Doctrine
9968:Brezhnev Doctrine
9776:Velvet Revolution
9520:Soviet–Afghan War
9336:Angolan Civil War
9133:Goulash Communism
8990:ASEAN Declaration
8943:Mexican Dirty War
8841:Annexation of Goa
8792:1960 U-2 incident
8766:Sino-Soviet split
8744:Laotian Civil War
8584:Bricker Amendment
8564:Mau Mau rebellion
8508:Malayan Emergency
8496:Chinese Civil War
8456:Tito–Stalin split
8310:Division of Korea
7325:978-1-4985-1069-1
7260:978-0-19-921442-6
7195:978-0-7735-2202-2
7138:) from Astroneira
6981:Poll Ela Ilie mou
6774:978-1-78238-001-6
6747:978-1-78238-645-2
6302:Los Angeles Times
6281:978-0-415-28276-5
6199:Altinay, Ayse Gul
6165:978-1-399-77872-5
5825:978-0-307-37420-2
5661:978-0-8014-9993-7
5625:978-0-292-70230-1
5532:978-0-7145-2781-9
5108:978-0-7146-5607-6
5038:Giannis Politis,
5022:C.L. Sulzberger,
4927:Marios Ploritis,
4902:Los Angeles Times
4734:
4589:opportunity costs
4549:life imprisonment
4526:Korydallos Prison
4474:French Presidency
4440:Evangelos Averoff
4432:Spiros Markezinis
4395:Cypriot President
4385:on the island of
4307:Spyros Markezinis
4296:
4295:
4291:Spyros Markezinis
4198:
4197:
4091:The tradition of
4059:Spiros Markezinis
4025:regime supporters
3932:Fiumicino Airport
3913:Evangelos Averoff
3792:Alexander Fleming
3772:Mikis Theodorakis
3704:Mikis Theodorakis
3675:BBC World Service
3604:
3603:
3596:
3428:hydroelectric dam
3411:Economic policies
3251:), influenced by
3220:Aperanta Chorafia
3138:psychedelic music
3000:Mikis Theodorakis
2962:Nicolae Ceaușescu
2942:Council of Europe
2938:filed a complaint
2875:Complete lack of
2848:right of assembly
2801:Spyros Moustaklis
2769:Under the junta,
2762:protected by the
2614:Yiorgos Theotokas
2535:Παλαιοκομματισμός
2516:anarcho-communist
2436:Georgios Zoitakis
2365:Lyndon B. Johnson
2357:
2356:
2256:
2255:
2146:George Papandreou
2043:
2042:
1832:
1831:
1640:Apostasia of 1965
1508:of Greece during
1458:, leading to the
1378:
1377:
1344:Greece portal
1224:Kingdom of Greece
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1073:
1057:
1041:
959:
958:
937:
936:
933:
932:
913:
912:
908:Kingdom of Greece
681:• 1973–1974
674:Spyros Markezinis
657:• 1967–1973
615:• 1973–1974
574:Georgios Zoitakis
408:
390:
260:
259:
252:
242:
241:
234:
184:
183:
176:
158:
81:
16:(Redirected from
11390:
11295:
11294:
11293:
11283:
11282:
11281:
11274:
11152:Turkish invasion
11104:1967 coup d'état
11091:
11029:Odysseas Angelis
10988:
10981:
10974:
10965:
10964:
10706:David S. Painter
10631:John Earl Haynes
10561:Nicholas J. Cull
10546:Adrian Cioroianu
10526:Thomas A. Bailey
10473:Voice of America
10364:
10363:
10276:White separatism
10256:Social democracy
10251:Guided democracy
10231:Authoritarianism
10181:Ultranationalism
10171:Anti-imperialism
10098:Marxism–Leninism
10011:
10010:
9998:Kinmen Agreement
9963:Johnson Doctrine
9948:Kennedy Doctrine
9864:Frozen conflicts
9847:1991 August Coup
9736:Afghan Civil War
9631:Reykjavík Summit
9626:Somali Rebellion
9566:Ugandan Bush War
9544:Gdańsk Agreement
9065:Protests of 1968
9045:War of Attrition
8754:Cuban Revolution
8690:We will bury you
8657:Cyprus Emergency
8637:Kashmir Princess
8627:Jebel Akhdar War
8476:Western betrayal
8161:
8154:
8147:
8138:
8137:
8112:
8093:
8087:
8079:
8067:
8056:
8046:
8038:
8019:Woodhouse, C. M.
8005:
7995:
7989:
7988:
7982:
7980:
7958:
7952:
7943:
7937:
7936:
7923:
7917:
7916:
7905:
7899:
7893:
7887:
7886:
7877:. Archived from
7866:
7860:
7859:
7828:
7822:
7821:
7794:
7788:
7780:
7776:
7771:
7762:
7752:
7746:
7745:
7743:
7741:
7722:
7716:
7706:
7693:
7681:
7675:
7674:
7672:
7670:
7653:
7647:
7646:
7639:
7633:
7609:
7603:
7586:
7580:
7576:BBC: On this day
7573:
7564:
7556:
7550:
7540:
7534:
7527:
7521:
7518:
7512:
7502:
7493:
7471:
7465:
7464:
7462:
7438:
7432:
7431:
7411:
7405:
7404:
7402:
7400:
7389:
7383:
7376:
7370:
7369:
7349:
7343:
7338:John Karavidas,
7336:
7330:
7329:
7309:
7298:
7284:
7278:
7272:
7266:
7264:
7246:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7233:
7227:
7221:. Archived from
7220:
7211:
7198:
7183:
7177:
7161:
7155:
7145:
7139:
7132:
7127:
7121:
7120:
7119:on 3 March 2016.
7115:. Archived from
7103:
7097:
7096:
7086:
7080:
7079:
7074:
7072:
7054:
7048:
7047:
7035:
7029:
7023:
7017:
7011:
7006:
7000:
6994:
6988:
6982:
6977:
6971:
6970:
6968:
6966:
6955:
6949:
6943:
6938:
6932:
6926:
6921:
6915:
6914:
6912:
6910:
6901:. Archived from
6895:
6889:
6879:
6873:
6866:
6861:
6855:
6838:
6832:
6831:
6829:
6827:
6810:
6801:
6795:
6788:
6779:
6778:
6758:
6752:
6751:
6731:
6725:
6710:
6701:
6687:
6681:
6672:
6666:
6658:
6652:
6638:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6627:
6616:
6610:
6609:
6599:
6573:
6567:
6566:
6546:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6513:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6502:
6467:
6461:
6460:
6458:
6456:
6450:
6442:
6436:
6435:
6433:
6431:
6411:(5): 1014–1039.
6394:
6385:
6384:
6382:
6380:
6345:
6339:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6311:
6305:
6295:
6289:
6288:
6265:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6232:
6226:
6225:
6223:
6221:
6195:
6189:
6173:
6167:
6153:
6147:
6146:
6144:
6142:
6131:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6120:
6111:. Archived from
6104:
6098:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6060:
6054:
6040:
6034:
6018:"Din nabos soen"
6012:
6006:
6005:
5999:
5997:
5976:
5965:
5948:
5935:
5929:
5923:
5921:
5919:
5917:
5894:
5888:
5887:
5882:
5880:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5855:
5853:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5785:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5771:
5756:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5745:
5739:
5733:Emmi Mikedakis.
5730:
5717:
5716:
5710:
5708:
5693:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5670:
5668:
5645:
5634:
5633:
5609:
5603:
5602:
5597:
5595:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5569:
5567:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5541:
5539:
5516:
5510:
5509:
5503:
5501:
5488:
5482:
5481:
5441:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5390:
5384:
5377:
5371:
5368:
5362:
5355:
5346:
5339:
5328:
5321:
5308:
5301:
5295:
5288:
5279:
5272:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5236:
5230:
5229:
5216:
5210:
5209:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5136:
5130:
5129:
5116:
5110:
5088:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5060:
5049:
5043:
5036:
5027:
5020:
5014:
5007:
5001:
4989:TV documentary "
4987:
4978:
4971:
4965:
4958:
4952:
4945:
4939:
4925:
4919:
4912:
4906:
4894:
4885:
4878:
4872:
4861:
4855:
4842:
4836:
4829:
4823:
4816:
4807:
4801:
4792:
4785:
4774:
4767:
4750:
4748:
4743:
4739:
4729:
4727:
4719:
4410:
4409:
4289:
4288:
4287:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4226:
4225:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4176:Coup successful
4154:25 November 1973
4148:
4147:
4139:
4138:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4096:students at the
4038:
4037:
4032:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3905:Fiumicino, Italy
3875:
3874:
3869:
3807:Kostas Georgakis
3762:These included:
3753:Agios Eustratios
3713:film, in Greek,
3599:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3579:
3556:
3548:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3475:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3454:, also known as
3449:
3448:
3443:
3417:tourism industry
3354:
3353:
3348:
3334:after his coup.
3307:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3246:
3228:
3227:
3226:Απέραντα Χωράφια
3222:
3209:
3199:
3164:personality and
3114:Greek folk music
3053:
3052:
3047:
2980:, but political
2927:anti-Americanism
2912:Eastern European
2734:
2733:
2728:
2699:
2698:
2651:dictatorship of
2645:ultranationalist
2634:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2542:') to discredit
2537:
2536:
2531:
2529:paleokommatismos
2513:
2512:
2507:
2497:
2496:
2491:
2447:new constitution
2387:Queen Anne-Marie
2353:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2337:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2302:
2301:
2290:
2289:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2221:13 December 1967
2215:
2214:
2206:
2205:
2160:Role of the King
2069:
2068:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1951:
1950:
1949:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1822:Coup successful
1794:
1793:
1785:
1784:
1469:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1280:History by topic
1151:Byzantine Greece
1130:
1121:
1112:
1110:Classical Greece
1103:
1095:(1100 BC–750 BC)
1094:
1071:
1070: 1750–1050
1068:
1064:
1055:
1054: 3100–1100
1052:
1048:
1039:
1038: 3100–1000
1036:
1032:
1017:Greek Bronze Age
997:Neolithic Greece
989:
979:
961:
960:
952:
950:
949:
929:
928:
917:
916:
904:
903:
897:
896:
881:
880:
803:17 November 1973
767:15 November 1968
754:13 December 1967
689:
519:
504:
490:
421:
410:
409:
392:
391:
346:
330:
312:
311:
310:
303:
302:
301:
294:
289:
288:
287:
280:
279:
278:
271:
264:
263:
255:
248:
237:
230:
226:
223:
217:
194:
193:
186:
179:
172:
168:
165:
159:
157:
116:
92:
84:
73:
51:
50:
43:
21:
11398:
11397:
11393:
11392:
11391:
11389:
11388:
11387:
11303:
11302:
11301:
11291:
11289:
11279:
11277:
11269:
11267:
11262:
11241:
11217:Torture methods
11168:
11092:
11083:
11049:Phaedon Gizikis
10997:
10992:
10962:
10957:
10934:
10925:Second Cold War
10883:
10811:
10805:
10781:Odd Arne Westad
10771:Patrick Vaughan
10756:Athan Theoharis
10736:Ellen Schrecker
10721:Yakov M. Rabkin
10696:Timothy Naftali
10641:Tvrtko Jakovina
10626:Jussi Hanhimäki
10509:
10487:
10477:
10455:Paix et Liberté
10430:
10374:Active measures
10355:
10285:
10266:White supremacy
10226:Totalitarianism
10154:
10079:
10002:
9988:Reagan Doctrine
9983:Carter Doctrine
9923:Truman Doctrine
9911:
9858:
9790:
9685:Soviet reaction
9596:Ndogboyosoi War
9503:
9474:Saur Revolution
9301:1973 oil crisis
9266:Munich massacre
9174:Alcora Exercise
9169:Black September
9147:
8893:Sino-Indian War
8787:Simba rebellion
8770:
8614:Capture of the
8522:
8461:Berlin Blockade
8394:May 1947 crises
8384:Truman Doctrine
8349:Greek Civil War
8338:Blacklist Forty
8305:Gouzenko Affair
8292:Cursed soldiers
8244:Morgenthau Plan
8232:
8170:
8165:
8129:Barrett, Matt.
8122:Barrett, Matt.
8119:
8109:
8081:
8080:
8076:
8040:
8039:
8035:
8017:
8014:
8009:
8008:
7996:
7992:
7978:
7976:
7959:
7955:
7944:
7940:
7925:
7924:
7920:
7907:
7906:
7902:
7894:
7890:
7867:
7863:
7829:
7825:
7807:10.2307/1147991
7795:
7791:
7778:
7774:
7772:
7765:
7753:
7749:
7739:
7737:
7724:
7723:
7719:
7707:
7696:
7682:
7678:
7668:
7666:
7655:
7654:
7650:
7641:
7640:
7636:
7626:Wayback Machine
7610:
7606:
7596:Wayback Machine
7587:
7583:
7574:
7567:
7560:Washington Post
7557:
7553:
7546:
7541:
7537:
7528:
7524:
7519:
7515:
7503:
7496:
7481:Wayback Machine
7472:
7468:
7460:10.12681/hr.329
7439:
7435:
7428:
7412:
7408:
7398:
7396:
7391:
7390:
7386:
7377:
7373:
7366:
7350:
7346:
7337:
7333:
7326:
7310:
7301:
7294:Wayback Machine
7285:
7281:
7273:
7269:
7261:
7247:
7243:
7231:
7229:
7228:on 10 July 2007
7225:
7218:
7214:
7212:
7201:
7184:
7180:
7162:
7158:
7146:
7142:
7130:
7128:
7124:
7105:
7104:
7100:
7088:
7087:
7083:
7070:
7068:
7061:
7055:
7051:
7036:
7032:
7024:
7020:
7009:
7007:
7003:
6995:
6991:
6980:
6978:
6974:
6964:
6962:
6957:
6956:
6952:
6941:
6939:
6935:
6924:
6922:
6918:
6908:
6906:
6897:
6896:
6892:
6880:
6876:
6864:
6862:
6858:
6848:Wayback Machine
6839:
6835:
6825:
6823:
6808:
6802:
6798:
6789:
6782:
6775:
6759:
6755:
6748:
6732:
6728:
6711:
6704:
6698:Wayback Machine
6688:
6684:
6673:
6669:
6659:
6655:
6649:Wayback Machine
6639:
6635:
6625:
6623:
6620:"Helga on IMDB"
6618:
6617:
6613:
6574:
6570:
6563:
6547:
6543:
6535:10.12681/hr.329
6514:
6510:
6500:
6498:
6468:
6464:
6454:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6443:
6439:
6429:
6427:
6395:
6388:
6378:
6376:
6346:
6342:
6328:
6326:
6313:
6312:
6308:
6304:, 28 June 1999.
6296:
6292:
6282:
6266:
6262:
6254:10.12681/hr.329
6233:
6229:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6196:
6192:
6174:
6170:
6154:
6150:
6140:
6138:
6133:
6132:
6128:
6118:
6116:
6115:on 28 July 2014
6105:
6101:
6092:
6088:
6081:
6061:
6057:
6041:
6037:
6025:Wayback Machine
6013:
6009:
5995:
5993:
5978:
5977:
5968:
5949:
5938:
5930:
5926:
5915:
5913:
5911:
5895:
5891:
5878:
5876:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5851:
5849:
5842:
5841:
5837:
5826:
5810:
5806:
5795:The Independent
5786:
5782:
5769:
5767:
5757:
5753:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5731:
5720:
5706:
5704:
5702:
5684:
5680:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5646:
5637:
5626:
5610:
5606:
5593:
5591:
5584:
5583:
5579:
5565:
5563:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5537:
5535:
5533:
5517:
5513:
5499:
5497:
5490:
5489:
5485:
5442:
5438:
5429:
5427:
5417:
5391:
5387:
5378:
5374:
5369:
5365:
5356:
5349:
5340:
5331:
5322:
5311:
5302:
5298:
5289:
5282:
5273:
5266:
5258:10.12681/hr.329
5237:
5233:
5217:
5213:
5197:
5193:
5177:
5173:
5157:
5153:
5137:
5133:
5117:
5113:
5089:
5068:
5058:
5056:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5037:
5030:
5021:
5017:
5008:
5004:
4998:Wayback Machine
4988:
4981:
4977:, 19 March 2006
4972:
4968:
4959:
4955:
4949:"Tα καμπούρικα"
4947:Stilis Alatos,
4946:
4942:
4936:Wayback Machine
4926:
4922:
4913:
4909:
4895:
4888:
4879:
4875:
4862:
4858:
4843:
4839:
4830:
4826:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4795:
4786:
4777:
4768:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4753:
4741:
4720:
4716:
4711:
4665:
4653:Hellenic Police
4569:
4534:submachine guns
4514:
4508:
4485:Phaedon Gizikis
4424:Phaedon Gizikis
4413:Joseph J. Sisco
4399:invading Cyprus
4371:
4359:Main articles:
4357:
4311:Phaedon Gizikis
4285:
4283:
4282:
4274:
4272:
4268:Phaedon Gizikis
4262:
4260:
4259:
4251:
4249:
4234:
4232:
4227:Army dissidents
4220:
4211:
4209:
4167:
4137:
4121:Syntagma Square
4093:student protest
4081:
4075:
3994:Ioannis Metaxas
3973:
3952:
3897:Nikolaos Pappas
3858:
3847:Syntagma Square
3843:Günter Wallraff
3841:and journalist
3764:Melina Mercouri
3725:
3709:A lesser known
3667:Giorgos Seferis
3658:The funeral of
3656:
3633:
3600:
3589:
3583:
3580:
3569:
3557:
3546:
3519:and members of
3512:
3506:
3413:
3374:
3365:
3340:
3314:
3217:hit solo album
3169:Nico Mastorakis
3146:
3116:
3079:dealt with the
3076:Marijuana Stop!
3008:
2970:
2904:
2902:Truman Doctrine
2894:
2737:civil liberties
2720:
2661:
2653:Ioannis Metaxas
2566:and journalist
2472:
2467:
2431:
2391:Princess Alexia
2343:
2341:
2340:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2315:
2313:
2296:
2291:Army dissidents
2284:
2268:
2267:
2234:
2204:
2168:
2162:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1947:
1945:
1923:
1921:
1911:
1909:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1845:
1843:
1813:
1764:
1682:
1642:
1636:
1552:Truman Doctrine
1528:
1522:
1494:
1492:Greek Civil War
1484:
1432:civil liberties
1407:a month before
1374:
1338:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1244:Axis occupation
1229:National Schism
1204:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1146:
1144:Medieval Greece
1136:
1135:
1131:(146 BC–330 AD)
1124:
1115:
1113:(500 BC–323 BC)
1106:
1104:(800 BC–480 BC)
1097:
1092:Greek Dark Ages
1087:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1058:
1053:
1042:
1037:
1026:
1019:
1009:
1008:
999:
977:
970:
947:
945:
926:
901:
847:
832:
813:
811:Democratization
800:
787:
774:
764:
751:
741:
709:
685:
682:
670:
658:
646:
620:Phaedon Gizikis
616:
604:
576:
572:
569:
567:
565:
550:
547:
545:
517:
505:
502:
491:
488:
453:Greek Orthodoxy
424:
412:
411:
404:
400:
399:
394:
393:
372:
368:
366:Hymn to Freedom
356:
355:
354:
351:
347:
339:
338:
335:
331:
313:
305:
304:
297:
296:
295:
292:
290:
282:
281:
274:
273:
272:
269:
256:
245:
244:
243:
238:
227:
221:
218:
210:help improve it
207:
195:
191:
180:
169:
163:
160:
117:
115:
105:
93:
52:
48:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11396:
11386:
11385:
11380:
11375:
11370:
11365:
11360:
11355:
11353:1967 in Greece
11350:
11345:
11343:Fascist states
11340:
11335:
11330:
11325:
11320:
11315:
11300:
11299:
11287:
11264:
11263:
11261:
11260:
11255:
11249:
11247:
11246:Establishments
11243:
11242:
11240:
11239:
11234:
11229:
11224:
11219:
11214:
11209:
11207:Internal exile
11204:
11199:
11194:
11193:
11192:
11182:
11176:
11174:
11170:
11169:
11167:
11166:
11161:
11156:
11155:
11154:
11149:
11141:
11136:
11131:
11126:
11121:
11116:
11111:
11106:
11100:
11098:
11094:
11093:
11086:
11084:
11082:
11081:
11076:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11056:
11051:
11046:
11041:
11036:
11031:
11026:
11021:
11016:
11011:
11005:
11003:
10999:
10998:
10991:
10990:
10983:
10976:
10968:
10959:
10958:
10956:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10939:
10936:
10935:
10933:
10932:
10927:
10922:
10917:
10912:
10907:
10902:
10897:
10891:
10889:
10885:
10884:
10882:
10881:
10876:
10871:
10866:
10861:
10856:
10851:
10846:
10841:
10836:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10815:
10813:
10807:
10806:
10804:
10803:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10768:
10763:
10758:
10753:
10751:Timothy Snyder
10748:
10743:
10738:
10733:
10728:
10723:
10718:
10713:
10708:
10703:
10698:
10693:
10688:
10683:
10681:Vojtech Mastny
10678:
10676:Geir Lundestad
10673:
10668:
10666:Walter Laqueur
10663:
10661:Walter LaFeber
10658:
10653:
10648:
10643:
10638:
10633:
10628:
10623:
10618:
10613:
10608:
10603:
10598:
10593:
10591:André Fontaine
10588:
10583:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10558:
10553:
10548:
10543:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10523:
10521:Gar Alperovitz
10517:
10515:
10511:
10510:
10508:
10507:
10502:
10497:
10491:
10489:
10483:
10482:
10479:
10478:
10476:
10475:
10470:
10464:
10463:
10458:
10451:
10446:
10438:
10436:
10432:
10431:
10429:
10428:
10421:
10416:
10409:
10402:
10397:
10390:
10383:
10376:
10370:
10368:
10361:
10357:
10356:
10354:
10353:
10348:
10343:
10338:
10333:
10328:
10323:
10318:
10313:
10308:
10303:
10297:
10295:
10291:
10290:
10287:
10286:
10284:
10283:
10278:
10273:
10268:
10263:
10261:Third-Worldism
10258:
10253:
10248:
10243:
10238:
10233:
10228:
10223:
10218:
10213:
10208:
10203:
10198:
10193:
10188:
10183:
10178:
10173:
10168:
10162:
10160:
10156:
10155:
10153:
10152:
10147:
10142:
10137:
10132:
10127:
10120:
10115:
10110:
10105:
10100:
10095:
10089:
10087:
10081:
10080:
10078:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10062:
10057:
10052:
10050:Libertarianism
10047:
10042:
10041:
10040:
10030:
10028:Chicago school
10025:
10019:
10017:
10008:
10004:
10003:
10001:
10000:
9995:
9990:
9985:
9980:
9975:
9973:Nixon Doctrine
9970:
9965:
9960:
9955:
9950:
9945:
9940:
9935:
9930:
9925:
9919:
9917:
9916:Foreign policy
9913:
9912:
9910:
9909:
9904:
9899:
9894:
9889:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9868:
9866:
9860:
9859:
9857:
9856:
9851:
9850:
9849:
9839:
9834:
9829:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9809:
9804:
9798:
9796:
9792:
9791:
9789:
9788:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9768:
9763:
9758:
9753:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9733:
9728:
9723:
9718:
9713:
9708:
9703:
9701:Operation RYAN
9698:
9693:
9688:
9678:
9673:
9668:
9663:
9658:
9653:
9648:
9643:
9638:
9633:
9628:
9623:
9618:
9613:
9608:
9606:Able Archer 83
9603:
9598:
9593:
9588:
9583:
9578:
9573:
9568:
9563:
9558:
9553:
9552:
9551:
9541:
9536:
9531:
9522:
9517:
9511:
9509:
9505:
9504:
9502:
9501:
9496:
9491:
9486:
9481:
9476:
9471:
9466:
9461:
9456:
9451:
9446:
9441:
9436:
9431:
9426:
9421:
9416:
9411:
9403:
9398:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9378:
9373:
9368:
9363:
9358:
9356:Oromo conflict
9353:
9348:
9343:
9338:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9296:Yom Kippur War
9293:
9288:
9283:
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9253:
9248:
9243:
9238:
9233:
9228:
9223:
9218:
9213:
9206:
9201:
9196:
9191:
9186:
9181:
9176:
9171:
9166:
9161:
9155:
9153:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9119:
9118:
9108:
9103:
9098:
9093:
9088:
9079:
9074:
9073:
9072:
9062:
9057:
9052:
9047:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9027:
9022:
9017:
9012:
9007:
9002:
8997:
8992:
8987:
8982:
8977:
8972:
8967:
8962:
8957:
8952:
8951:
8950:
8940:
8935:
8930:
8928:Aden Emergency
8925:
8920:
8915:
8910:
8905:
8900:
8895:
8890:
8885:
8880:
8879:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8846:Papua conflict
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8827:
8826:
8816:
8815:
8814:
8804:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8778:
8776:
8772:
8771:
8769:
8768:
8763:
8762:
8761:
8751:
8749:Kitchen Debate
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8711:
8709:Sputnik crisis
8706:
8701:
8693:
8686:
8681:
8679:Polish October
8676:
8671:
8666:
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8611:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8581:
8579:Pact of Madrid
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8534:Bamboo Curtain
8530:
8528:
8524:
8523:
8521:
8520:
8515:
8510:
8505:
8504:
8503:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8453:
8448:
8443:
8438:
8433:
8428:
8427:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8346:
8341:
8333:
8325:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8294:
8289:
8288:
8287:
8282:
8274:
8261:
8256:
8251:
8246:
8240:
8238:
8234:
8233:
8231:
8230:
8225:
8220:
8215:
8210:
8205:
8200:
8195:
8190:
8183:
8175:
8172:
8171:
8164:
8163:
8156:
8149:
8141:
8135:
8134:
8127:
8118:
8117:External links
8115:
8114:
8113:
8108:978-1848859524
8107:
8094:
8075:978-0246124692
8074:
8057:
8034:978-0571197941
8033:
8013:
8010:
8007:
8006:
8004:, 22 June 2012
7990:
7953:
7938:
7918:
7900:
7888:
7861:
7823:
7799:Foreign Policy
7789:
7763:
7747:
7717:
7694:
7676:
7665:. 23 July 1974
7648:
7634:
7611:Mario Modiano
7604:
7581:
7565:
7551:
7543:Eleftherotypia
7535:
7522:
7513:
7494:
7466:
7433:
7426:
7406:
7384:
7371:
7364:
7344:
7331:
7324:
7299:
7287:Elefthero Vima
7279:
7267:
7259:
7241:
7199:
7178:
7163:Michel Forsé.
7156:
7140:
7122:
7098:
7081:
7049:
7030:
7018:
7001:
6989:
6972:
6950:
6933:
6916:
6890:
6874:
6856:
6833:
6813:Mousikos Logos
6796:
6790:Matt Barrett.
6780:
6773:
6753:
6746:
6726:
6712:Matt Barrett.
6702:
6682:
6667:
6653:
6633:
6611:
6590:(3): 598–613.
6568:
6561:
6541:
6508:
6482:(1): 185–214.
6462:
6437:
6386:
6360:(1): 101–120.
6340:
6306:
6290:
6280:
6260:
6227:
6213:
6190:
6168:
6155:James Becket.
6148:
6126:
6099:
6086:
6079:
6055:
6035:
6007:
5966:
5936:
5924:
5909:
5889:
5862:
5835:
5824:
5804:
5780:
5765:Athens Academy
5751:
5718:
5700:
5690:Eighteen texts
5678:
5660:
5635:
5631:justification'
5624:
5604:
5577:
5549:
5531:
5511:
5483:
5456:(2): 451–480.
5436:
5415:
5385:
5372:
5363:
5347:
5329:
5309:
5296:
5280:
5264:
5231:
5211:
5191:
5171:
5151:
5131:
5111:
5094:. pp. 220–223
5066:
5044:
5028:
5015:
5002:
4979:
4966:
4953:
4940:
4920:
4907:
4886:
4873:
4856:
4837:
4824:
4808:
4793:
4775:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4693:
4685:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4661:
4611:Gust Avrakotos
4585:European Union
4568:
4565:
4510:Main article:
4507:
4504:
4442:, and others.
4356:
4353:
4294:
4293:
4270:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4189:assumes power.
4184:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4144:
4143:
4136:
4133:
4086:intelligentsia
4077:Main article:
4074:
4071:
3972:
3969:
3951:
3948:
3939:petty officers
3864:The destroyer
3857:
3851:
3788:Amalia Fleming
3780:prime minister
3776:Costas Simitis
3724:
3721:
3680:Also in 1969,
3655:
3652:
3632:
3629:
3602:
3601:
3560:
3558:
3551:
3545:
3542:
3505:
3502:
3481:Ioannis Ladas'
3436:thermoelectric
3412:
3409:
3403:as possible.
3373:
3372:Greek language
3370:
3364:
3361:
3339:
3336:
3316:Concurrently,
3313:
3310:
3258:Ziggy Stardust
3197:Anthrope Agapa
3192:Kostas Tournas
3145:
3142:
3115:
3112:
3086:Meanwhile, at
3081:hippie culture
3040:Patrick Macnee
3007:
3004:
2978:social classes
2969:
2966:
2893:
2890:
2719:
2716:
2660:
2657:
2643:. The junta's
2570:, both former
2500:anti-communism
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2430:
2427:
2403:Princess Irene
2355:
2354:
2338:
2322:Constantine II
2310:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2171:stipulations.
2164:Main article:
2161:
2158:
2134:Kastri, Attica
2122:military court
2093:took over the
2041:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:Units involved
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2013:
2001:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1969:
1957:
1954:Constantine II
1942:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1919:
1907:
1878:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1798:
1790:
1789:
1763:
1760:
1744:Lauris Norstad
1681:
1678:
1658:Constantine II
1654:prime minister
1638:Main article:
1635:
1632:
1617:(EYP) and the
1596:Gust Avrakotos
1524:Main article:
1521:
1518:
1483:
1480:
1428:anti-communism
1393:military junta
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1263:Military Junta
1260:
1255:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:Ottoman Greece
1186:
1180:
1177:Venetian Crete
1173:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1122:(323 BC–31 BC)
1116:
1107:
1101:Archaic Greece
1098:
1088:
1085:Ancient Greece
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1074:
1059:
1043:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1000:
995:
994:
991:
990:
982:
981:
972:
971:
964:
957:
956:
943:
939:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
923:
914:
911:
910:
905:
893:
892:
887:
877:
876:
873:
867:
866:
856:
852:
851:
848:
845:
842:
841:
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
826:
822:
821:
818:
817:
814:
808:
805:
804:
801:
795:
792:
791:
788:
782:
779:
778:
775:
772:
769:
768:
765:
759:
756:
755:
752:
749:
746:
745:
742:
736:
733:
732:
729:
728:
723:
722:Historical era
719:
718:
711:Rule by decree
699:
695:
694:
691:
690:
683:
680:
677:
676:
671:
668:
665:
664:
659:
656:
653:
652:
647:
644:
641:
640:
637:
636:
633:
631:Prime Minister
627:
626:
623:
622:
617:
614:
611:
610:
605:
602:
599:
598:
595:
594:
591:
585:
584:
581:
580:
570:
558:
555:
554:
552:Constantine II
548:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
521:
520:
476:
472:
471:
462:
456:
455:
450:
446:
445:
440:
436:
435:
430:
426:
425:
422:
414:
413:
402:
401:
370:
369:
358:
357:
348:
341:
340:
332:
325:
324:
323:
320:
319:
315:
314:
267:
258:
257:
240:
239:
198:
196:
189:
182:
181:
96:
94:
87:
82:
56:
55:
53:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11395:
11384:
11381:
11379:
11376:
11374:
11371:
11369:
11366:
11364:
11361:
11359:
11356:
11354:
11351:
11349:
11346:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11329:
11326:
11324:
11321:
11319:
11316:
11314:
11311:
11310:
11308:
11298:
11288:
11286:
11276:
11275:
11272:
11259:
11256:
11254:
11251:
11250:
11248:
11244:
11238:
11235:
11233:
11230:
11228:
11225:
11223:
11220:
11218:
11215:
11213:
11210:
11208:
11205:
11203:
11200:
11198:
11197:Anticommunism
11195:
11191:
11188:
11187:
11186:
11183:
11181:
11178:
11177:
11175:
11171:
11165:
11162:
11160:
11159:Metapolitefsi
11157:
11153:
11150:
11148:
11145:
11144:
11142:
11140:
11137:
11135:
11132:
11130:
11127:
11125:
11122:
11120:
11117:
11115:
11112:
11110:
11107:
11105:
11102:
11101:
11099:
11095:
11090:
11080:
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11059:Ioannis Ladas
11057:
11055:
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11042:
11040:
11037:
11035:
11032:
11030:
11027:
11025:
11022:
11020:
11017:
11015:
11012:
11010:
11007:
11006:
11004:
11000:
10996:
10989:
10984:
10982:
10977:
10975:
10970:
10969:
10966:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10940:
10937:
10931:
10928:
10926:
10923:
10921:
10918:
10916:
10915:War on terror
10913:
10911:
10908:
10906:
10903:
10901:
10898:
10896:
10893:
10892:
10890:
10886:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10870:
10867:
10865:
10862:
10860:
10857:
10855:
10852:
10850:
10847:
10845:
10842:
10840:
10837:
10835:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10816:
10814:
10810:Espionage and
10808:
10802:
10799:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10762:
10761:Andrew Thorpe
10759:
10757:
10754:
10752:
10749:
10747:
10744:
10742:
10739:
10737:
10734:
10732:
10729:
10727:
10724:
10722:
10719:
10717:
10714:
10712:
10709:
10707:
10704:
10702:
10699:
10697:
10694:
10692:
10689:
10687:
10684:
10682:
10679:
10677:
10674:
10672:
10669:
10667:
10664:
10662:
10659:
10657:
10656:Gabriel Kolko
10654:
10652:
10649:
10647:
10644:
10642:
10639:
10637:
10634:
10632:
10629:
10627:
10624:
10622:
10621:Fred Halliday
10619:
10617:
10614:
10612:
10609:
10607:
10606:Lloyd Gardner
10604:
10602:
10599:
10597:
10594:
10592:
10589:
10587:
10584:
10582:
10579:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10566:Norman Davies
10564:
10562:
10559:
10557:
10554:
10552:
10551:John Costello
10549:
10547:
10544:
10542:
10539:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10522:
10519:
10518:
10516:
10512:
10506:
10503:
10501:
10498:
10496:
10493:
10492:
10490:
10486:Technological
10484:
10474:
10471:
10469:
10466:
10465:
10462:
10459:
10457:
10456:
10452:
10450:
10447:
10445:
10444:
10440:
10439:
10437:
10433:
10427:
10426:
10422:
10420:
10417:
10415:
10414:
10410:
10408:
10407:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10395:
10391:
10389:
10388:
10384:
10382:
10381:
10377:
10375:
10372:
10371:
10369:
10367:Pro-communist
10365:
10362:
10358:
10352:
10349:
10347:
10344:
10342:
10339:
10337:
10334:
10332:
10329:
10327:
10324:
10322:
10319:
10317:
10314:
10312:
10309:
10307:
10304:
10302:
10299:
10298:
10296:
10294:Organizations
10292:
10282:
10279:
10277:
10274:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10264:
10262:
10259:
10257:
10254:
10252:
10249:
10247:
10244:
10242:
10239:
10237:
10234:
10232:
10229:
10227:
10224:
10222:
10219:
10217:
10214:
10212:
10209:
10207:
10204:
10202:
10199:
10197:
10194:
10192:
10189:
10187:
10184:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10163:
10161:
10157:
10151:
10148:
10146:
10143:
10141:
10138:
10136:
10133:
10131:
10128:
10126:
10125:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10114:
10111:
10109:
10108:Eurocommunism
10106:
10104:
10101:
10099:
10096:
10094:
10091:
10090:
10088:
10086:
10082:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10063:
10061:
10058:
10056:
10053:
10051:
10048:
10046:
10043:
10039:
10036:
10035:
10034:
10031:
10029:
10026:
10024:
10021:
10020:
10018:
10016:
10012:
10009:
10005:
9999:
9996:
9994:
9991:
9989:
9986:
9984:
9981:
9979:
9976:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9954:
9951:
9949:
9946:
9944:
9941:
9939:
9938:Domino theory
9936:
9934:
9931:
9929:
9926:
9924:
9921:
9920:
9918:
9914:
9908:
9905:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9892:South Ossetia
9890:
9888:
9885:
9883:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9873:
9870:
9869:
9867:
9865:
9861:
9855:
9852:
9848:
9845:
9844:
9843:
9840:
9838:
9835:
9833:
9830:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9818:
9815:
9813:
9810:
9808:
9805:
9803:
9800:
9799:
9797:
9793:
9787:
9784:
9782:
9779:
9777:
9774:
9772:
9769:
9767:
9764:
9762:
9759:
9757:
9754:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9737:
9734:
9732:
9729:
9727:
9724:
9722:
9719:
9717:
9714:
9712:
9709:
9707:
9704:
9702:
9699:
9697:
9694:
9692:
9689:
9686:
9682:
9679:
9677:
9676:8888 Uprising
9674:
9672:
9669:
9667:
9664:
9662:
9659:
9657:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9647:
9644:
9642:
9639:
9637:
9634:
9632:
9629:
9627:
9624:
9622:
9621:Iran–Iraq War
9619:
9617:
9614:
9612:
9609:
9607:
9604:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9586:Falklands War
9584:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9562:
9559:
9557:
9554:
9550:
9547:
9546:
9545:
9542:
9540:
9537:
9535:
9532:
9530:
9526:
9523:
9521:
9518:
9516:
9513:
9512:
9510:
9506:
9500:
9497:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9485:
9482:
9480:
9477:
9475:
9472:
9470:
9467:
9465:
9462:
9460:
9457:
9455:
9452:
9450:
9449:NDF Rebellion
9447:
9445:
9442:
9440:
9437:
9435:
9432:
9430:
9429:German Autumn
9427:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9410:
9409:
9404:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9319:
9317:
9316:Metapolitefsi
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9252:
9249:
9247:
9244:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9234:
9232:
9229:
9227:
9224:
9222:
9219:
9217:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9207:
9205:
9202:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9190:
9187:
9185:
9182:
9180:
9177:
9175:
9172:
9170:
9167:
9165:
9162:
9160:
9157:
9156:
9154:
9150:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9117:
9114:
9113:
9112:
9109:
9107:
9104:
9102:
9099:
9097:
9094:
9092:
9089:
9087:
9085:
9080:
9078:
9077:Prague Spring
9075:
9071:
9068:
9067:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9055:Al-Wadiah War
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9020:12-3 incident
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8949:
8946:
8945:
8944:
8941:
8939:
8936:
8934:
8931:
8929:
8926:
8924:
8921:
8919:
8916:
8914:
8911:
8909:
8906:
8904:
8901:
8899:
8896:
8894:
8891:
8889:
8886:
8884:
8881:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8863:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8817:
8813:
8810:
8809:
8808:
8805:
8803:
8800:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8779:
8777:
8773:
8767:
8764:
8760:
8757:
8756:
8755:
8752:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8699:
8694:
8691:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8664:
8660:
8658:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8617:
8612:
8610:
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8599:Domino theory
8597:
8595:
8594:Petrov Affair
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8531:
8529:
8525:
8519:
8516:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8502:
8499:
8498:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8471:Madiun Affair
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8442:
8439:
8437:
8434:
8432:
8431:Marshall Plan
8429:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8411:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8339:
8334:
8332:
8331:
8326:
8324:
8323:
8318:
8316:
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8300:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8281:
8280:
8275:
8273:
8272:
8267:
8266:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8241:
8239:
8235:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8219:
8216:
8214:
8211:
8209:
8206:
8204:
8201:
8199:
8196:
8194:
8191:
8189:
8188:
8184:
8182:
8181:
8180:United States
8177:
8176:
8173:
8169:
8162:
8157:
8155:
8150:
8148:
8143:
8142:
8139:
8132:
8128:
8125:
8121:
8120:
8110:
8104:
8100:
8095:
8091:
8085:
8077:
8071:
8066:
8065:
8058:
8054:
8050:
8044:
8036:
8030:
8026:
8025:
8020:
8016:
8015:
8003:
7999:
7994:
7986:
7974:
7970:
7969:
7964:
7957:
7950:
7949:
7942:
7934:
7933:
7928:
7922:
7914:
7910:
7904:
7897:
7892:
7885:
7880:
7876:
7872:
7865:
7858:
7854:
7850:
7846:
7842:
7838:
7834:
7827:
7820:
7816:
7812:
7808:
7804:
7801:(19): 34–78.
7800:
7793:
7786:
7782:
7770:
7768:
7760:
7756:
7751:
7735:
7731:
7727:
7721:
7714:
7710:
7705:
7703:
7701:
7699:
7691:
7690:
7685:
7680:
7664:
7663:
7658:
7652:
7644:
7638:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7620:
7616:
7615:
7608:
7601:
7597:
7593:
7590:
7585:
7577:
7572:
7570:
7562:
7561:
7555:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7533:συγκρούσεων."
7531:
7530:Tsevas report
7526:
7517:
7510:
7506:
7501:
7499:
7491:
7487:
7482:
7478:
7475:
7470:
7461:
7456:
7452:
7448:
7444:
7437:
7429:
7427:9781848859524
7423:
7419:
7418:
7410:
7394:
7388:
7381:
7375:
7367:
7365:9781848859524
7361:
7357:
7356:
7348:
7341:
7335:
7327:
7321:
7317:
7316:
7308:
7306:
7304:
7295:
7291:
7288:
7283:
7276:
7271:
7262:
7256:
7252:
7245:
7224:
7217:
7210:
7208:
7206:
7204:
7196:
7192:
7188:
7182:
7176:
7175:0-7735-0887-2
7172:
7168:
7167:
7160:
7153:
7149:
7144:
7137:
7133:
7126:
7118:
7114:
7113:
7108:
7102:
7095:
7091:
7085:
7078:
7066:
7062:
7053:
7045:
7041:
7034:
7027:
7022:
7016:
7012:
7005:
6998:
6993:
6987:
6983:
6976:
6960:
6954:
6948:
6944:
6937:
6931:
6927:
6920:
6904:
6900:
6894:
6887:
6883:
6878:
6871:
6867:
6860:
6853:
6849:
6845:
6842:
6837:
6822:
6818:
6814:
6807:
6800:
6793:
6787:
6785:
6776:
6770:
6766:
6765:
6757:
6749:
6743:
6739:
6738:
6730:
6723:
6719:
6718:Vromeko Psomi
6715:
6709:
6707:
6699:
6695:
6691:
6686:
6680:
6676:
6671:
6664:
6663:
6657:
6650:
6646:
6643:
6637:
6621:
6615:
6607:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6589:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6572:
6564:
6562:9781848859524
6558:
6554:
6553:
6545:
6536:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6519:
6512:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6485:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6466:
6447:
6441:
6426:
6422:
6418:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6400:
6393:
6391:
6375:
6371:
6367:
6363:
6359:
6355:
6351:
6344:
6337:
6324:
6320:
6316:
6310:
6303:
6299:
6294:
6287:
6283:
6277:
6273:
6272:
6264:
6255:
6250:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6231:
6216:
6214:9781472442857
6210:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6194:
6188:
6187:0-85036-393-4
6184:
6180:
6179:
6172:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6152:
6136:
6130:
6114:
6110:
6103:
6096:
6090:
6082:
6080:1-56751-052-3
6076:
6072:
6068:
6067:
6059:
6052:
6048:
6044:
6039:
6032:
6031:
6026:
6022:
6019:
6016:
6011:
6004:
5991:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5975:
5973:
5971:
5964:
5963:1-56751-252-6
5960:
5956:
5952:
5947:
5945:
5943:
5941:
5933:
5928:
5912:
5910:0-7145-2781-5
5906:
5902:
5901:
5893:
5886:
5874:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5847:
5846:
5845:The Spectator
5839:
5832:
5827:
5821:
5817:
5816:
5808:
5801:
5797:
5796:
5791:
5784:
5777:
5766:
5762:
5755:
5736:
5729:
5727:
5725:
5723:
5715:
5703:
5701:9780674241756
5697:
5692:
5691:
5682:
5675:
5663:
5657:
5653:
5652:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5632:
5627:
5621:
5617:
5616:
5608:
5601:
5589:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5573:not ...'
5561:
5560:
5553:
5546:
5534:
5528:
5524:
5523:
5515:
5508:
5507:bullet-headed
5495:
5494:
5487:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5440:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5416:9780429438691
5412:
5408:
5404:
5400:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5376:
5367:
5360:
5354:
5352:
5344:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5316:
5314:
5306:
5300:
5293:
5287:
5285:
5277:
5271:
5269:
5259:
5254:
5250:
5246:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5224:
5223:
5215:
5208:
5204:
5203:
5195:
5188:
5184:
5183:
5175:
5168:
5164:
5163:
5155:
5148:
5144:
5143:
5135:
5128:
5124:
5123:
5115:
5109:
5105:
5101:
5100:0-7146-5607-0
5097:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5071:
5054:
5048:
5041:
5035:
5033:
5025:
5019:
5012:
5006:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4976:
4970:
4963:
4957:
4950:
4944:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4924:
4917:
4911:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4891:
4883:
4877:
4870:
4866:
4860:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4834:
4828:
4821:
4815:
4813:
4805:
4800:
4798:
4790:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4772:
4766:
4762:
4747:
4738:
4732:
4723:
4718:
4714:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4683:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4666:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4635:
4631:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4619:Richard Welch
4616:
4612:
4608:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4573:
4564:
4562:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4541:
4537:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4523:
4519:
4513:
4503:
4501:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4489:New Democracy
4486:
4482:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4429:
4425:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4375:
4370:
4369:Metapolitefsi
4366:
4362:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:puppet regime
4339:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4323:
4318:
4316:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4292:
4281:
4271:
4269:
4258:
4248:
4247:
4242:
4231:
4224:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4191:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4140:
4132:
4130:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4087:
4080:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4051:
4049:
4048:Metapolitefsi
4045:
4040:
4031:
4026:
4015:
4014:ethnikofrones
4003:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3986:
3977:
3968:
3966:
3960:
3958:
3947:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3920:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3887:
3879:
3878:Palaio Faliro
3868:
3862:
3855:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3835:Richard Nixon
3832:
3828:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3795:
3793:
3790:(wife of Sir
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3760:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3729:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3705:
3701:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3663:
3661:
3651:
3649:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3598:
3595:
3587:
3577:
3573:
3567:
3566:
3561:This section
3559:
3555:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3518:
3511:
3510:Borghese Coup
3501:
3497:
3493:Θαλασσοδάνεια
3488:
3487:Thalassodania
3482:
3477:
3474:
3469:
3458:
3453:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3388:Demotic Greek
3385:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3363:Urban classes
3360:
3358:
3347:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3328:energy crisis
3324:
3319:
3309:
3300:
3299:Vromiko Psomi
3288:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3221:
3216:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3150:martial music
3141:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3100:Joni Mitchell
3097:
3093:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3061:
3057:
3046:
3041:
3037:
3036:Peter Cushing
3033:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3019:sex education
3016:
3015:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2951:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2899:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2878:
2877:press freedom
2873:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2826:
2822:
2819:, Magistrate
2818:
2813:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2727:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2693:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2625:Προγονοπληξία
2620:
2619:progonoplexia
2615:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2591:Ioannis Ladas
2587:
2584:
2583:Richard Clogg
2580:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2506:
2501:
2490:
2481:
2476:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2426:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2397:, his mother
2396:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2352:
2351:
2339:
2336:
2324:
2323:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2300:
2295:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2272:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2157:
2154:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2126:Ioannis Ladas
2124:to be tried.
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2071:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2052:and Colonels
2051:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2024:
2014:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1917:Hellenic Navy
1908:
1906:
1905:Hellenic Army
1896:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1800:21 April 1967
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1759:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:to meet with
1737:
1736:New York City
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1697:George Rallis
1694:
1690:
1685:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1556:authoritarian
1553:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1527:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1468:Μεταπολίτευση
1465:
1461:
1460:Metapolitefsi
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1371:
1366:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1335:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1202:Modern Greece
1198:
1197:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1165:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1129:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1063:
1060:
1047:
1044:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1005:
1002:
1001:
998:
993:
992:
988:
984:
983:
980:
974:
973:
968:
963:
962:
955:
944:
942:Today part of
940:
924:
922:
919:
918:
915:
909:
906:
899:
898:
895:
894:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
878:
874:
872:
868:
864:
860:
859:Greek drachma
857:
853:
849:
843:
838:
834:
828:
823:
819:
815:
812:
806:
802:
799:
793:
789:
786:
780:
776:
770:
766:
763:
757:
753:
747:
744:21 April 1967
743:
740:
734:
730:
727:
724:
720:
716:
712:
707:
703:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
678:
675:
672:
666:
663:
660:
654:
651:
648:
642:
638:
634:
632:
628:
624:
621:
618:
612:
609:
606:
600:
596:
592:
590:
586:
582:
579:
575:
571:
564:
563:
556:
553:
549:
544:
543:
536:
532:
528:
526:
522:
516:
512:
508:
501:
497:
494:
487:
483:
480:
477:
473:
470:
466:
463:
461:
457:
454:
451:
447:
444:
441:
437:
434:
431:
427:
420:
415:
398:(unofficial)
397:
367:
363:
359:
353:
345:
337:
329:
321:
316:
309:
286:
265:
262:
254:
251:
236:
233:
225:
215:
211:
205:
204:
199:This article
197:
188:
187:
178:
175:
167:
156:
153:
149:
146:
142:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125: –
124:
123:"Greek junta"
120:
119:Find sources:
113:
109:
103:
102:
97:This article
95:
91:
86:
85:
80:
78:
71:
70:
65:
64:
59:
54:
45:
44:
40:
33:
19:
11222:Police state
10994:
10920:Brinkmanship
10812:intelligence
10701:Marius Oprea
10651:Harvey Klehr
10581:Herbert Feis
10571:Willem Drees
10536:Archie Brown
10453:
10441:
10423:
10413:Trybuna Ludu
10411:
10404:
10400:Radio Moscow
10392:
10385:
10378:
10206:Anti-Zionism
10122:
10045:Keynesianism
10033:Conservatism
9897:Transnistria
9877:China-Taiwan
9534:Gera Demands
9407:
9208:
9083:
9024:
8888:El Porteñazo
8782:Congo Crisis
8697:
8632:Algerian War
8615:
8491:Western Bloc
8486:Eastern Bloc
8481:Iron Curtain
8337:
8329:
8321:
8298:
8278:
8270:
8187:Soviet Union
8185:
8178:
8098:
8063:
8023:
8012:Bibliography
8002:The Atlantic
8001:
7993:
7985:FindArticles
7983:– via
7977:. Retrieved
7973:the original
7966:
7956:
7946:
7941:
7930:
7921:
7912:
7903:
7891:
7882:
7879:the original
7874:
7864:
7856:
7836:
7832:
7826:
7818:
7798:
7792:
7784:
7758:
7750:
7738:. Retrieved
7734:the original
7729:
7720:
7712:
7689:Deseret News
7687:
7679:
7667:. Retrieved
7660:
7651:
7637:
7629:
7612:
7607:
7599:
7584:
7558:
7554:
7538:
7525:
7516:
7508:
7489:
7485:
7469:
7450:
7446:
7436:
7416:
7409:
7397:. Retrieved
7387:
7379:
7374:
7354:
7347:
7334:
7314:
7282:
7270:
7250:
7244:
7230:. Retrieved
7223:the original
7186:
7181:
7165:
7159:
7151:
7143:
7125:
7117:the original
7110:
7101:
7093:
7084:
7076:
7069:. Retrieved
7065:the original
7052:
7043:
7033:
7026:Lost in Tyme
7021:
7004:
6992:
6975:
6963:. Retrieved
6961:. Tournas.gr
6953:
6936:
6919:
6907:. Retrieved
6903:the original
6893:
6882:Athens Guide
6881:
6877:
6859:
6852:sine qua non
6836:
6824:. Retrieved
6812:
6799:
6763:
6756:
6736:
6729:
6721:
6717:
6685:
6678:
6670:
6661:
6656:
6636:
6624:. Retrieved
6614:
6587:
6581:
6571:
6551:
6544:
6525:
6521:
6511:
6499:. Retrieved
6479:
6475:
6465:
6453:. Retrieved
6440:
6428:. Retrieved
6408:
6402:
6377:. Retrieved
6357:
6353:
6343:
6334:
6327:. Retrieved
6323:the original
6318:
6309:
6301:
6293:
6285:
6270:
6263:
6244:
6240:
6230:
6218:. Retrieved
6203:
6193:
6177:
6171:
6156:
6151:
6139:. Retrieved
6129:
6117:. Retrieved
6113:the original
6102:
6094:
6089:
6065:
6058:
6050:
6038:
6028:
6010:
6001:
5994:. Retrieved
5990:the original
5983:
5954:
5951:William Blum
5927:
5914:. Retrieved
5899:
5892:
5884:
5877:. Retrieved
5871:
5865:
5857:
5850:. Retrieved
5844:
5838:
5829:
5814:
5807:
5799:
5793:
5783:
5775:
5768:. Retrieved
5754:
5742:. Retrieved
5712:
5705:. Retrieved
5689:
5681:
5672:
5665:. Retrieved
5650:
5629:
5614:
5607:
5599:
5592:. Retrieved
5587:Greek Report
5586:
5580:
5571:
5564:. Retrieved
5558:
5552:
5543:
5536:. Retrieved
5521:
5514:
5505:
5498:. Retrieved
5493:The Listener
5492:
5486:
5453:
5449:
5439:
5430:19 September
5428:, retrieved
5398:
5388:
5380:
5375:
5366:
5358:
5342:
5324:
5304:
5299:
5291:
5275:
5248:
5244:
5234:
5226:
5221:
5214:
5206:
5201:
5194:
5186:
5181:
5174:
5166:
5161:
5154:
5146:
5141:
5134:
5126:
5121:
5114:
5091:
5057:. Retrieved
5047:
5023:
5018:
5010:
5005:
4974:
4969:
4961:
4956:
4943:
4923:
4915:
4910:
4900:
4881:
4876:
4868:
4864:
4859:
4849:
4840:
4832:
4827:
4819:
4803:
4788:
4770:
4765:
4717:
4695:
4687:
4673:
4627:
4623:Bill Clinton
4607:Clair George
4604:
4596:
4593:
4577:Western Bloc
4574:
4570:
4557:
4546:
4522:insurrection
4518:high treason
4515:
4497:
4459:
4417:
4391:Makarios III
4380:
4350:
4340:leader of a
4337:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4319:
4300:
4297:
4208:
4203:Belligerents
4175:
4125:
4102:
4090:
4082:
4052:
4041:
3998:
3982:
3965:body politic
3961:
3953:
3943:
3936:
3925:
3921:
3916:
3891:
3883:
3853:
3824:
3796:
3761:
3734:
3714:
3708:
3686:
3682:Costa-Gavras
3679:
3664:
3657:
3645:
3634:
3605:
3590:
3581:
3570:Please help
3565:verification
3562:
3529:
3521:Ordine Nuovo
3513:
3498:
3478:
3425:
3414:
3405:Katharevousa
3404:
3401:Katharevousa
3400:
3396:Katharevousa
3395:
3394:. In 1968,
3392:Katharevousa
3391:
3383:Katharevousa
3381:
3375:
3366:
3341:
3315:
3305:Βρώμικο Ψωμί
3263:
3256:
3248:
3207:Ela Ilie Mou
3185:
3147:
3125:Kalamatianos
3117:
3085:
3074:
3067:
3029:
3012:
3009:
2993:
2990:Costa-Gavras
2971:
2955:
2950:West Germany
2947:
2931:
2905:
2874:
2870:police state
2858:
2853:civil rights
2845:
2840:
2837:James Becket
2830:
2790:
2768:
2760:human rights
2753:
2721:
2718:Civil rights
2711:
2707:
2703:
2694:at Easter: "
2689:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2662:
2638:
2629:
2611:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2540:old-partyism
2485:
2459:
2455:
2444:
2432:
2418:
2415:
2384:
2380:Thessaloniki
2373:
2368:
2358:
2348:
2320:
2275:
2266:
2261:Belligerents
2242:
2196:
2192:
2184:Areios Pagos
2177:
2173:
2169:
2150:
2107:
2103:royal palace
2072:
2044:
1996:
1952:
1888:
1880:
1864:Centre Union
1858:
1850:
1842:
1837:Belligerents
1821:
1778:and Colonel
1753:
1749:
1729:
1714:
1705:
1686:
1683:
1667:
1646:Centre Union
1643:
1608:
1604:
1600:Clair George
1588:Law 509/1947
1567:
1549:
1529:
1510:World War II
1495:
1424:dictatorship
1421:
1417:Centre Union
1385:
1381:
1379:
1306:Constitution
1262:
1128:Roman Greece
890:Succeeded by
889:
884:
831:• Total
816:24 July 1974
790:29 July 1973
714:
705:
669:• 1973
645:• 1967
603:• 1973
561:
541:
361:
350:Coat of Arms
261:
246:
228:
222:January 2024
219:
200:
170:
164:January 2024
161:
151:
144:
137:
130:
118:
106:Please help
101:verification
98:
74:
67:
61:
60:Please help
57:
11348:Neo-fascism
11313:Greek junta
11227:Atlanticism
11212:Stratocracy
11147:Coup d'état
10995:Greek junta
10746:Shen Zhihua
10556:Michael Cox
10488:competition
10435:Pro-Western
10425:Soviet Life
10351:Safari Club
10321:Warsaw Pact
10176:Nationalism
10166:Imperialism
10065:Reaganomics
9928:Containment
9721:Perestroika
9210:Realpolitik
9040:Six-Day War
9025:Greek junta
8836:Berlin Wall
8684:Suez Crisis
8652:Vietnam War
8539:McCarthyism
8354:Baruch Plan
8299:Unthinkable
8259:Dekemvriana
8198:Warsaw Pact
7875:Athens News
7839:: 143–146.
7630:Athens News
7600:Athens News
7275:Kathimerini
7148:Arnd Krüger
6722:Dirty Bread
6690:"Woodstock"
6220:15 February
5714:to ...
4871:(1), 61–72.
4645:debt crisis
4630:Golden Dawn
4579:during the
4383:coup d'état
3985:junta speak
3884:In an anti-
3827:Lee Metcalf
3338:Agriculture
3270:allegorical
3264:Songwriter
3253:David Bowie
3215:psychedelic
3212:progressive
3181:Nostradamos
3174:rock groups
3034:, starring
3022:documentary
2934:Estado Novo
2915:Soviet bloc
2898:Containment
2641:neo-fascist
2303:Greek junta
2153:re-engineer
2142:machine gun
2062:coup d'état
1701:martial law
1627:stay-behind
1532:Dekemvriana
1395:that ruled
1382:Greek junta
1286:Agriculture
1252:Free Greece
976:History of
885:Preceded by
777:1 June 1973
698:Legislature
489:(1967–1973)
352:(1973–1974)
336:(1970–1975)
293:(1973–1974)
270:(1967–1973)
11307:Categories
11202:Censorship
11124:Greek case
10514:Historians
10505:Space Race
10406:Rudé právo
10360:Propaganda
10216:Neo-Nazism
10186:Chauvinism
10140:Trotskyism
10055:Monetarism
10023:Liberalism
10015:Capitalism
10007:Ideologies
9958:Ostpolitik
9681:Solidarity
9646:Toyota War
9549:Solidarity
9406:Operation
9361:Ogaden War
9050:Dhofar War
8938:Shifta War
8696:Operation
8544:Korean War
8336:Operation
8328:Operation
8320:Operation
8297:Operation
8277:Operation
8269:Operation
8068:. London.
7948:La Opinión
7662:BBC Online
7044:Athinorama
6886:"Socrates"
6826:15 October
6455:29 January
4757:References
4682:Imaste dio
4659:measures.
4638:successive
4491:, won the
4322:idealistic
4301:Brigadier
4239:Government
4020:Εθνικόφρων
3820:Corfu city
3737:Makronisos
3615:, and the
3584:April 2012
3532:false flag
3249:Stardreams
3244:Astroneira
3239:Greek rock
3235:rock opera
3162:television
3158:rock music
3144:Greek rock
3120:folk music
2986:censorship
2982:oppression
2882:psychology
2520:propaganda
2099:parliament
2083:Greek Army
1856:Government
1774:, Colonel
1756:putschists
1486:See also:
1482:Background
1390:right-wing
1004:Pelasgians
840:Population
568:1972–1973
546:1967–1973
475:Government
460:Demonym(s)
134:newspapers
63:improve it
37:See also:
10801:Ken Young
10646:Tony Judt
10495:Arms race
10468:Red Scare
10336:NN States
10281:Apartheid
10236:Autocracy
10145:Stalinism
10113:Guevarism
10103:Castroism
10093:Communism
10085:Socialism
9611:Star Wars
9204:Koza riot
8330:Beleaguer
8322:Masterdom
8084:cite book
8043:cite book
7979:18 August
7853:145139267
7614:The Times
7453:: 95–96.
6821:1108-6963
6606:219486083
6496:154692915
6425:155986136
6374:153727661
6181:. p. 143
5872:Το Δεντρο
5478:148760637
5470:1086-3265
5425:213982676
5251:: 77–78.
4731:romanized
4657:austerity
4641:elections
4530:Nuremberg
3880:in Athens
3231:orchestra
3069:Woodstock
3017:, a 1967
2923:communism
2827:' murder.
2825:Lambrakis
2524:new words
2399:Frederika
2362:President
2047:Brigadier
1472:democracy
1401:overthrew
1316:Ethnonyms
1258:Civil War
871:Drives on
850:8.768.372
589:President
566:1967–1972
449:Religion
318:1967–1974
69:talk page
10953:Timeline
10943:Category
10888:See also
10380:Izvestia
10221:Islamism
10118:Hoxhaism
9993:Rollback
9872:Abkhazia
9812:Gulf War
9716:Glasnost
9086:incident
8856:Sand War
8714:Ifni War
8223:Rio Pact
8168:Cold War
8021:(1998).
7740:18 April
7622:Archived
7592:Archived
7477:Archived
7399:18 April
7290:Archived
6965:18 April
6909:18 April
6844:Archived
6694:Archived
6645:Archived
6626:18 April
6501:15 March
6451:(Report)
6430:15 March
6379:15 March
6141:18 April
6021:Archived
5953:(2003).
5879:25 March
5852:25 March
5770:25 March
5744:25 March
5707:24 March
5667:24 March
5594:24 March
5566:24 March
5538:24 March
5500:25 March
4994:Archived
4932:Archived
4663:See also
4581:Cold War
4405:Forces (
4338:de facto
4166:, Greece
4159:Location
3957:factions
3950:Collapse
3909:Sardinia
3805:student
3637:Lagonisi
3473:Epikaira
3432:Aliakmon
3202:anti-war
3166:promoter
3133:clarinet
3045:Chryseis
2992:'s film
2908:Cold War
2866:nepotism
2713:forever.
2649:interwar
2572:Marxists
2470:Ideology
2233:, Greece
2226:Location
2138:bayonets
1812:, Greece
1805:Location
1742:General
1500:and the
1326:Military
1321:Language
1291:Alphabet
1062:Mycenean
1030:Cycladic
967:a series
965:Part of
855:Currency
726:Cold War
513:under a
498:under a
484:under a
11271:Portals
11232:Phoenix
11143:Cyprus
10443:Amerika
10326:Comecon
10211:Fascism
10201:Zionism
10150:Titoism
9691:Contras
9159:Détente
8436:Comecon
7913:hri.org
7815:1147991
7669:23 July
7232:15 June
7136:YouTube
7071:8 March
7015:YouTube
6986:YouTube
6947:YouTube
6930:YouTube
6870:YouTube
6119:20 July
5059:15 June
5011:To Vima
4975:To Vima
4733::
4598:To Vima
4477:Learjet
3803:geology
3757:Trikeri
3376:On the
3318:tourism
3312:Tourism
3293:Μπάλλος
3129:Tsamiko
3108:Mykonos
3060:vampire
3051:Χρυσηίς
2805:EAT-ESA
2771:torture
2595:Eikones
2461:means.
2429:Regency
1580:British
1543:Phoenix
1311:Economy
809:•
796:•
783:•
760:•
737:•
559:•
539:•
525:Monarch
507:Unitary
493:Unitary
479:Unitary
469:Hellene
429:Capital
362:Anthem:
208:Please
148:scholar
11297:Greece
11190:Enosis
11097:Events
11002:People
10394:Pravda
10196:Racism
10135:Maoism
9887:Kosovo
9408:Condor
9084:Pueblo
9070:May 68
8698:Gladio
8616:Tuapse
8279:Jungle
8271:Priboi
8105:
8072:
8031:
7851:
7813:
7424:
7362:
7322:
7257:
7193:
7173:
6819:
6771:
6744:
6622:. IMDb
6604:
6559:
6528:: 67.
6494:
6423:
6372:
6329:6 July
6278:
6247:: 73.
6211:
6185:
6163:
6077:
5996:7 July
5961:
5916:25 May
5907:
5822:
5698:
5658:
5622:
5545:feet'.
5529:
5476:
5468:
5423:
5413:
5106:
5098:
4470:Athens
4393:, the
4387:Cyprus
4367:, and
4172:Result
4164:Athens
4117:AMX 30
3856:mutiny
3745:Gioura
3741:Gyaros
3711:Danish
3641:Athens
3468:trowel
3287:Ballos
3096:hippie
3088:Matala
2815:Later
2785:Gyaros
2440:regent
2376:Kavala
2239:Result
2231:Kavala
2140:and a
2101:, the
2075:Athens
1818:Result
1810:Athens
1623:Soviet
1611:Norway
1560:Soviet
1546:Greek.
1411:which
1397:Greece
1388:was a
1301:Church
1046:Minoan
978:Greece
969:on the
954:Greece
951:
715:actual
635:
593:
562:Regent
529:
509:quasi-
433:Athens
364:
150:
143:
136:
129:
121:
11285:1960s
10879:Stasi
10346:SAARC
10341:ASEAN
10306:SEATO
10159:Other
10124:Juche
9882:Korea
9795:1990s
9508:1980s
9152:1970s
8775:1960s
8527:1950s
8237:1940s
8218:NEATO
8213:SEATO
8203:ANZUS
7849:S2CID
7811:JSTOR
7226:(PDF)
7219:(PDF)
6815:(2).
6809:(PDF)
6602:S2CID
6492:S2CID
6449:(PDF)
6421:S2CID
6370:S2CID
5738:(PDF)
5474:S2CID
5421:S2CID
4722:Greek
4709:Notes
4675:A Man
4632:, an
4472:on a
4403:ELDYK
4036:Βουλή
4030:Vouli
3944:Velos
3917:Velos
3892:Velos
3886:junta
3873:Βέλος
3867:Velos
3854:Velos
3811:Corfu
3799:Genoa
3749:Leros
3104:Carey
3092:Crete
3064:Hydra
3058:with
3056:siren
3014:Helga
2546:, or
2438:, as
1852:Greek
1717:Paris
1502:right
1470:) to
1464:Greek
1436:exile
875:right
465:Greek
443:Greek
155:JSTOR
141:books
10419:TASS
10311:METO
10301:NATO
9527:and
9525:1980
9082:USS
8208:METO
8193:NATO
8103:ISBN
8090:link
8070:ISBN
8053:link
8049:link
8029:ISBN
7981:2008
7785:Time
7759:Time
7742:2009
7730:Time
7713:Time
7671:2011
7422:ISBN
7401:2009
7360:ISBN
7320:ISBN
7265:>
7255:ISBN
7234:2007
7191:ISBN
7171:ISBN
7073:2013
6967:2009
6942:Poll
6911:2009
6828:2019
6817:ISSN
6769:ISBN
6742:ISBN
6628:2009
6557:ISBN
6503:2023
6457:2019
6432:2023
6381:2023
6331:2008
6319:Time
6276:ISBN
6222:2018
6209:ISBN
6183:ISBN
6161:ISBN
6143:2009
6121:2014
6075:ISBN
5998:2008
5985:Time
5959:ISBN
5918:2022
5905:ISBN
5881:2013
5854:2013
5820:ISBN
5772:2013
5746:2013
5709:2013
5696:ISBN
5669:2013
5656:ISBN
5620:ISBN
5596:2013
5568:2013
5540:2013
5527:ISBN
5502:2013
5466:ISSN
5432:2022
5411:ISBN
5104:ISBN
5096:ISBN
5061:2013
4742:IPA:
4609:and
4520:and
4151:Date
4067:Army
4044:Navy
3901:NATO
3890:HNS
3188:Poll
3179:and
3127:and
3094:, a
3038:and
2998:and
2984:and
2900:and
2886:fear
2846:The
2747:and
2669:gory
2480:Navy
2422:Rome
2411:Navy
2409:and
2393:and
2218:Date
2056:and
1797:Date
1740:USAF
1598:and
1592:NATO
1541:The
1498:left
1490:and
1422:The
1403:the
1380:The
825:Area
542:King
334:Flag
127:news
10874:KGB
10869:MVD
10854:MI6
10849:MI5
10844:CIA
10316:EEC
7841:doi
7803:doi
7455:doi
7134:on
7112:NME
7013:on
6984:on
6945:on
6928:on
6868:on
6592:doi
6530:doi
6484:doi
6413:doi
6362:doi
6249:doi
6071:219
5458:doi
5403:doi
5253:doi
4050:).
4023:, '
3770:);
3755:or
3698:MP
3639:to
3574:by
3355:, '
3255:'s
3154:pop
2884:of
2803:in
2667:as
2665:BBC
2558:, '
2538:, '
2514:, '
2130:ESA
2114:EET
2091:LOK
1652:as
1648:'s
1438:of
1415:'s
1384:or
1296:Art
1072:BC)
1056:BC)
1040:BC)
863:GRD
110:by
11309::
8086:}}
8082:{{
8045:}}
8041:{{
8000:,
7965:.
7929:.
7911:.
7873:.
7855:.
7847:.
7837:20
7835:.
7817:.
7809:.
7783:.
7766:^
7757:.
7728:.
7711:.
7697:^
7686:,
7659:.
7628:,
7617:,
7568:^
7497:^
7488:,
7451:11
7449:.
7445:.
7302:^
7202:^
7109:.
7075:.
7042:.
6884:.
6811:.
6783:^
6705:^
6692:.
6677:,
6600:.
6588:43
6586:.
6580:.
6526:11
6524:.
6520:.
6490:.
6480:18
6478:.
6474:.
6419:.
6409:38
6407:.
6401:.
6389:^
6368:.
6358:22
6356:.
6352:.
6333:.
6317:.
6300:.
6284:.
6245:11
6243:.
6239:.
6073:.
6049:.
6027:.
6000:.
5982:.
5969:^
5939:^
5883:.
5856:.
5828:.
5798:.
5792:.
5774:.
5763:.
5721:^
5711:.
5671:.
5638:^
5628:.
5598:.
5570:.
5542:.
5504:.
5472:.
5464:.
5454:35
5452:.
5448:.
5419:,
5409:,
5397:,
5350:^
5332:^
5312:^
5283:^
5267:^
5249:11
5247:.
5243:.
5102:,
5069:^
5031:^
4982:^
4899:,
4889:^
4867:.
4848:.
4811:^
4796:^
4778:^
4749:.
4740:,
4728:,
4724::
4591:.
4438:,
4434:,
4430:,
4363:,
3996:.
3822:.
3801:,
3751:,
3743:,
3739:,
3611:,
3523:,
3261:.
3183:.
3110:.
3090:,
2574:.
2148:.
1758:.
1516:.
1478:.
1466::
1250:,
1067:c.
1051:c.
1035:c.
467:,
72:.
11273::
10987:e
10980:t
10973:v
9687:)
9683:(
8692:"
8688:"
8665:"
8661:"
8160:e
8153:t
8146:v
8133:.
8126:.
8111:.
8092:)
8078:.
8055:)
8037:.
7987:.
7935:.
7915:.
7843::
7805::
7781:"
7779:'
7775:"
7744:.
7673:.
7645:.
7463:.
7457::
7430:.
7403:.
7368:.
7328:.
7263:.
7236:.
7197:.
7046:.
6969:.
6913:.
6830:.
6777:.
6750:.
6720:(
6630:.
6608:.
6594::
6565:.
6538:.
6532::
6505:.
6486::
6459:.
6434:.
6415::
6383:.
6364::
6257:.
6251::
6224:.
6145:.
6123:.
6083:.
6053:.
6033:.
5920:.
5748:.
5480:.
5460::
5405::
5261:.
5255::
5063:.
4869:2
4854:.
4680:"
4109:(
4033:(
4017:(
4005:(
3870:(
3778:(
3687:Z
3597:)
3591:(
3586:)
3582:(
3568:.
3490:(
3460:(
3444:(
3349:(
3302:(
3290:(
3278:(
3247:(
3223:(
3156:/
3048:(
2995:Z
2729:(
2622:(
2552:(
2532:(
2508:(
2492:(
1369:e
1362:t
1355:v
1254:)
1246:(
1065:(
1049:(
1033:(
865:)
861:(
717:)
713:(
708:)
704:(
253:)
247:(
235:)
229:(
224:)
220:(
216:.
177:)
171:(
166:)
162:(
152:·
145:·
138:·
131:·
104:.
79:)
75:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.