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1949 Ambato earthquake

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The earthquake considerably impacted a number of cities: it destroyed Guano, Patate, Pelileo, Pillaro, and one-third of Ambato. The city of Ambato was a "scene of anguish and pain" described by "scores of little funerals winding their way through the debris". The brand-new hospital had been reduced
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faults, trends to the west instead of north-south, indicating that the Carnegie Ridge may be colliding with the continental mass of Ecuador. This collision created northwest-southeast and northeast-southwest-trending faults in the region, and with that, caused strong earthquakes in Riobamba in 1797
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flew to Ambato to take personal charge of the primary relief efforts. Plaza directed rescue efforts for two days as airlifts from Quito dropped supplies. A group of Red Cross volunteers and medical supplies were sent on American aircraft. The United States Army sent two relief teams equipped with
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and is now an important tourist attraction. Ambato was completely rebuilt after the earthquake. The city's main church, the Iglesia Matriz de Ambato, was replaced by a new cathedral known as Iglesia La Catedral in 1954. Pelileo was rebuilt on a new site 2 km (1.2 mi) from its previous
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Ecuador is still at risk from earthquakes: Both intraplate (such as those in March 1987) and interplate earthquakes are possible. Intraplate seismicity poses a more formidable threat, as it can be much more powerful than interplate seismicity and is usually associated with landslides,
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Later counts assumed around 3,200 casualties in Pelileo; the total death toll estimates were adjusted to around 4,000 people. Officials reported that many of the dead had been inside buildings as they buckled or were killed by flooding brought about by the blockage of a
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of the earthquake occurred 40 km (25 mi) beneath the surface, under a mountain 72 km (45 mi) from Ambato. Nearby faults ruptured, breaking rock strata and sending shock waves to the surface capable of bringing down entire buildings.
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to four walls, and most of the buildings in town were demolished. In Pelileo relief workers found victims feeding buried people through holes in the ground. In the days following the earthquakes aftershocks occurred and torrential rains ensued.
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crashed 32 km (20 mi) from Ambato leaving no survivors. Disease began to spread in Pelileo within days of the earthquake, which prompted a team of American soldiers, acting as relief workers, to order water purification devices and
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serum and blood plasma. The mayor of Miami along with seven other politicians began a fund-raising campaign for medical needs and clothing and coordinated the distribution of 69 kg (152 lb) of
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zone the recorded history of interplate earthquakes spans 80 years. At the time it struck the 1949 Ambato earthquake was the second-worst earthquake in Ecuador's modern history topped only by the
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In an effort to help the inhabitants a festival of fruit and flowers was held on June 29, 1950. The festival was a success and became an annual event that is celebrated each year during
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southeast of Ambato. When the primary shock hit Ambato's main cathedral and military barracks collapsed, as did most of the city's buildings, scores of young girls preparing for their
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under the South American continent. This seismicity extends for 6,000 km (3,728 mi) along the continent's western edge and probably stems from a region of northeast-trending
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is sliding under Ecuadorian land, causing coastal uplift and volcanism. The ridge's movement may also have changed the type of faulting along the coast, causing
1451: 480: 542:, disabled communication lines, opened cracks in the earth, reduced bridges to rubble, and derailed a train. The earthquake demolished buildings in rural 551: 341: 375:. Strata of rock cracked as the earthquake ruptured the faults, sending out powerful shock waves. Today threats exist throughout the country from both 1536: 1376: 476: 2144: 1402:(in Spanish). Comité Permanente de la Fiesta de la Fruta y de las Flores (Standing Committee of the Festival of Fruit and Flowers). Archived from 558:
sank 460 m (1,509 ft) into a huge hole about 800 m (2,625 ft) in diameter with all of its 100 inhabitants. Shaking up to
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reported that local seismologists first placed the earthquake's magnitude at 7.5, but the official measurement was later revised to 6.4
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drugs. Several nearby countries sent airplanes carrying medicine and food. A local fund-raising effort collected 250,000 
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was 5,050. The earthquake severely affected some 30 communities and left approximately 100,000 people homeless.
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airdrops to cleanse the area of airborne agents. Sick victims were quarantined and prevented from leaving the city.
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were destroyed, and the city of Ambato suffered heavy damage. The earthquake flattened buildings and subsequent
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Mohammad Heidarzadeh; Satoko Murotani; Kenji Satake; Tomohiro Takagawa; Tatsuhiko Saito (2017).
984: 696: â€” old estates that serve as historic parks â€” some of which pre-date the earthquake. 573:
Initial reports (around August 7) estimated the death toll at 2,700 people. The cities of
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near the Ecuadorian Trench. The region of faulting may actually function as its own microplate.
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Much of South American seismic activity and volcanism originates from subduction of the
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The March 5, 1987, Ecuador earthquakes: mass wasting and socioeconomic effects
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and Pelileo suffered the most with 1,000 and 1,300 dead respectively. In
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in 1961. Several of the northwest-southeast-trending faults converge in the
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Earthquakes in Ecuador stem from two major interrelated tectonic areas: the
1514: 1265:"Florida East Coast Cities Head Drive to Supply Relief to Stricken Ecuador" 755: 403:, and the most devastating earthquake in the Western Hemisphere since the 2122: 1429: 1010: 452: 432: 392: 360: 427: 701: 628: 606: 487: 395: 356: 309: 284: 1445:"In the shadow of the volcano: human health and community resilience" 1442: 590: 567: 547: 531: 527: 349: 329: 676: 644: 1304: 967:, vol. 27, no. 8, Time, pp. 26–27, August 22, 1949 586: 555: 519: 325: 321: 242: 1443:
Whiteford, L.M.; Tobin G.A.; Laspina C. & Yepes H. (2002).
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sank. Moderate shaking from the event extended as far away as
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reports of the death toll ranged from 400 to 500, and the
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Ambato is frequently visited by tourists traveling on the
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On August 7, a plane carrying 34 rescue workers from the
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15 km beneath the surface. The nearby villages of
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in five years. On August 5, 1949, it struck Ecuador's
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indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
1400:"Historia de la Fiesta de la Fruta y de las Flores" 550:destroyed roads and blocked rivers. The village of 299:and killed 5,050 people. Measuring 6.4 on the 1478:Lonely Planet Ecuador & the Galapagos Islands 1397: 1391: 880: 609:with "considerable strength" struck near Ambato. 2299: 546:; closer to the nearest mountains of the Andes, 538:perished in the cathedral. The shaking ruptured 439:, generating volcanism and extensive seismicity 2115:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year 881:Espinosa, A.F.; Hall, M.L.; Yepes, H. (1991). 837: 835: 833: 831: 829: 827: 38: 2138: 1530: 1373:"The Festival of Fruit and Flowers in Ambato" 1065: 1063: 1061: 483:where the 1949 Ambato earthquake took place. 1544: 1129:"Ecuador Town Disappeared in Big Earthquake" 391:Earthquakes are common in Ecuador. Near the 1365: 1207:"100,000 Homeless In Ecuadorian Earthquake" 1201: 1199: 1168:"Ecuador Earthquake: Thousands Are Injured" 1071:"Toll in Quake Is Up to 2,700 Dead, Report" 824: 2152: 2145: 2131: 1537: 1523: 1294: 1292: 1058: 978: 876: 874: 872: 870: 868: 1436: 1030: 1028: 499: 332:caused damage throughout the Tungurahua, 301: 191: 1357:"Ecuador Victims Homeless in Downpour". 1196: 772: 746: 744: 742: 659: 513: 509: 426: 1289: 1235:"Another Earthquake Strikes in Ecuador" 865: 843:"Today in Earthquake History: August 5" 664:A hospital ruined by the earthquake in 2300: 1457:from the original on February 26, 2012 1335: 1333: 1331: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1025: 953: 951: 919: 917: 915: 913: 885:. In Schuster, R.L.; Egred, J (eds.). 612:The final death toll according to the 583:Ecuadorean Embassy in Washington, D.C. 2126: 1518: 1475: 853:from the original on October 14, 2012 793:from the original on January 15, 2018 739: 63: 1592:(5.3 & 5.6, Dec 20 & Dec 24) 1350: 778: 683: 2328:August 1949 events in South America 1328: 1245:from the original on April 28, 2016 1215:. Terrence Williams. August 9, 1949 1153: 1042:. November 23, 2009. Archived from 948: 910: 13: 1499:International Seismological Centre 1257: 810: 752:International Seismological Centre 750: 447:Nazca Plate under the continental 14: 2349: 1491: 1316:from the original on May 19, 2016 1109:from the original on May 10, 2016 619: 526:The earthquake was preceded by a 2221:1958 Ecuador–Colombia/Esmeraldas 2197:1906 Ecuador–Colombia/Esmeraldas 1379:from the original on May 8, 2012 1340:"Latest Reports on Earthquake". 1277:from the original on May 5, 2016 1184:from the original on May 4, 2016 1141:from the original on May 2, 2016 1137:. J.C. Kaynor. August 11, 1949. 1079:. Harry J. Grant. August 7, 1949 451:and subduction of the Pacific's 118:1949 Ambato earthquake (Ecuador) 105: 104: 90: 76: 62: 46: 37: 30: 2333:1949 disasters in South America 1742:(7.2 & 7.5, June 8 & 9) 1469: 1227: 1121: 1091: 1040:United States Geological Survey 847:United States Geological Survey 787:United States Geological Survey 723:List of earthquakes in Colombia 614:United States Geological Survey 249: 77: 1375:. New Media Holdings Company. 804: 728:List of earthquakes in Ecuador 47: 1: 925:"Ecuador: Death in the Andes" 733: 435:is being subducted under the 386: 2180:1868 Ecuador–Colombia/Carchi 1036:"Historic World Earthquakes" 991:Geophysical Research Letters 782:PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog 655: 308:scale, it originated from a 91: 7: 760:. Thatcham, United Kingdom. 718:List of earthquakes in 1949 711: 562:IV extended as far away as 419:also affected the country. 10: 2354: 1398:Fiestas de Ambato (2010). 883:"Tectonics and Seismicity" 779:USGS (September 4, 2009), 422: 2254: 2227:1970 Peru–Colombia/El Oro 2189: 2160: 2105: 2047: 1986: 1931: 1840: 1785: 1724: 1666: 1599: 1550: 1476:St. Louis, Regis (2009). 1359:The Sydney Morning Herald 1343:The Sydney Morning Herald 295:southeast of its capital 269: 248: 238: 201: 185: 177: 162: 149: 136: 125: 26: 1545:Earthquakes in the 1940s 1239:The Southeast Missourian 409:1987 Ecuador earthquakes 405:1944 San Juan earthquake 401:1797 Riobamba earthquake 2090:Queen Charlotte Islands 1819:Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik 1173:Sarasota Herald-Tribune 1134:Ellensburg Daily Record 413:2016 Ecuador earthquake 2318:Earthquakes in Ecuador 2245:1998 BahĂ­a de Caráquez 2154:Earthquakes in Ecuador 1685:Wairarapa, New Zealand 668: 597:which was devastated. 523: 518:The ruins of homes in 440: 281:1949 Ambato earthquake 22:1949 Ambato earthquake 1426:"Iglesia La Catedral" 849:. December 18, 2009. 785:, Version 2008_06.1, 663: 517: 510:Damage and casualties 430: 16:Earthquake in Ecuador 2241:(6.4, 7.2 & 6.0) 1712:Niksar–Erbaa, Turkey 1011:10.1002/2017GL072545 690:Pan-American Highway 522:after the earthquake 449:South American Plate 437:South American Plate 417:2007 Peru earthquake 369:Andean Volcanic Belt 365:South American Plate 2323:Tungurahua Province 1797:(6.7–.7.8, Jan 15) 1312:. August 11, 1949. 1273:. August 12, 1949. 1270:Evening Independent 1003:2017GeoRL..44.2211H 937:on October 14, 2012 481:Inter-Andean Valley 293:Tungurahua Province 219: /  132:1949-08-05 19:08:52 23: 2038:Desert Hot Springs 1891:(8.0, 7.8, Sep 12) 1880:Dominican Republic 1736:(7.9–8.3, April 6) 1629:(7.7–8.1, June 26) 1507:authoritative data 1432:on April 29, 2009. 1361:. August 10, 1949. 1241:. August 9, 1949. 1180:. August 7, 1949. 1105:. August 6, 1949. 757:Event Bibliography 669: 524: 468:strike-slip faults 441: 338:Cotopaxi Provinces 289:Western Hemisphere 283:was the deadliest 21: 2295: 2294: 2120: 2119: 1852:(6.1, January 25) 1346:. August 8, 1949. 1103:Nevada Daily Mail 1076:Milwaukee Journal 896:978-0-309-04444-8 706:soil liquefaction 684:Current situation 645:Shell Oil Company 638:Ecuadorian sucres 277: 276: 2345: 2308:1949 earthquakes 2161:Pre-20th century 2147: 2140: 2133: 2124: 2123: 2096:Tierra del Fuego 1874:Vancouver Island 1856:Aleutian Islands 1813:Cornwall–Massena 1766:(7.0, Sept 10) 1746:Adapazarı–Hendek 1539: 1532: 1525: 1516: 1515: 1486: 1485: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1462: 1456: 1449: 1440: 1434: 1433: 1422: 1416: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1406:on July 29, 2012 1395: 1389: 1388: 1386: 1384: 1369: 1363: 1362: 1354: 1348: 1347: 1337: 1326: 1325: 1323: 1321: 1296: 1287: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1261: 1255: 1254: 1252: 1250: 1231: 1225: 1224: 1222: 1220: 1203: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1164: 1151: 1150: 1148: 1146: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1116: 1114: 1095: 1089: 1088: 1086: 1084: 1067: 1056: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1046:on July 28, 2010 1032: 1023: 1022: 997:(5): 2211–2219. 982: 976: 975: 974: 972: 955: 946: 945: 944: 942: 921: 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1276: 1272: 1271: 1266: 1260: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1230: 1214: 1213: 1212:The Telegraph 1208: 1202: 1200: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1140: 1136: 1135: 1130: 1124: 1113:September 11, 1108: 1104: 1100: 1094: 1078: 1077: 1072: 1066: 1064: 1062: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1031: 1029: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 981: 966: 965: 960: 954: 952: 936: 932: 931: 926: 920: 918: 916: 914: 902:September 17, 898: 892: 888: 884: 877: 875: 873: 871: 869: 852: 848: 844: 838: 836: 834: 832: 830: 828: 820: 816: 812: 807: 792: 788: 784: 783: 775: 768: 759: 758: 753: 747: 745: 743: 738: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 709: 707: 703: 697: 695: 691: 681: 678: 673: 667: 662: 653: 651: 646: 641: 639: 635: 630: 627: 617: 615: 610: 608: 604: 598: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 571: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 521: 516: 507: 505: 496: 495: 489: 484: 482: 478: 473: 469: 465: 460: 458: 454: 450: 446: 438: 434: 429: 420: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 397: 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Retrieved 1438: 1430:the original 1420: 1408:. Retrieved 1404:the original 1393: 1381:. Retrieved 1367: 1358: 1352: 1341: 1318:. Retrieved 1303: 1279:. Retrieved 1268: 1259: 1247:. Retrieved 1238: 1229: 1217:. Retrieved 1210: 1186:. Retrieved 1171: 1143:. Retrieved 1132: 1123: 1111:. Retrieved 1102: 1093: 1081:. Retrieved 1074: 1048:. Retrieved 1044:the original 994: 990: 980: 971:November 26, 969:, retrieved 962: 939:, retrieved 935:the original 928: 900:. Retrieved 886: 855:. Retrieved 806: 795:, retrieved 781: 774: 756: 698: 693: 687: 674: 670: 642: 623: 611: 599: 572: 525: 492: 485: 472:Panama Basin 461: 442: 390: 383:seismicity. 354: 280: 278: 259: 223:1.5°S 78.2°W 18: 2286:2023 Guayas 2280:2021 Loreto 2274:2019 Loreto 2233:1979 Tumaco 2209:1949 Ambato 2168:1698 Ambato 1996:Lady Caycay 1865:Varto–Hınıs 1804:Bolu–Gerede 1773:Tosya–Ladik 704:, and even 540:water mains 453:lithosphere 433:Nazca Plate 361:Nazca Plate 228:-1.5; -78.2 226: / 140: event 2302:Categories 1895:Kyrgyzstan 1642:HyĹ«ga-nada 1461:August 19, 1410:October 4, 1383:August 19, 734:References 702:subsidence 680:location. 624:Ecuador's 607:aftershock 548:landslides 532:originated 488:hypocenter 396:subduction 387:Background 381:intraplate 377:interplate 363:under the 357:subduction 334:Chimborazo 330:landslides 310:hypocenter 285:earthquake 270:Casualties 170:1949-08-05 129: time 2239:1987 Napo 2170:(7.2–7.9) 1947:Wisconsin 1694:Guatemala 1633:Van–ErciĹź 1560:El Centro 1320:August 5, 1249:August 5, 1219:August 5, 1188:August 5, 1145:August 6, 1083:August 6, 1050:August 6, 1019:132506664 941:August 6, 857:August 5, 797:August 6, 656:Aftermath 626:President 591:Latacunga 568:Guayaquil 560:intensity 528:foreshock 367:and the 350:Guayaquil 252:intensity 202:Epicenter 186:Magnitude 2081:Karlıova 2029:Ashgabat 1965:Dustabad 1953:Gisborne 1941:Gisborne 1828:TĹŤnankai 1795:San Juan 1575:Shakotan 1452:Archived 1377:Archived 1314:Archived 1275:Archived 1243:Archived 1182:Archived 1139:Archived 1107:Archived 851:Archived 791:archived 712:See also 677:Carnaval 552:Libertad 457:faulting 411:and the 342:Libertad 258:MMI XI ( 181:14:08:52 112:COLOMBIA 2057:Olympia 1910:Hsinhua 1889:Sagaing 1764:Tottori 1676:Ecuador 1654:Chungpu 1581:Vrancea 1505:and/or 1305:The Age 999:Bibcode 694:quintas 587:Pillaro 556:Pelileo 544:hamlets 520:Pelileo 445:oceanic 423:Geology 359:of the 326:Pillaro 322:Pelileo 287:in the 260:Extreme 243:Ecuador 214:78°12′W 168: ( 84:ECUADOR 2072:Ambato 2005:Litang 1974:Satipo 1919:Nankai 1850:Valais 1734:Ovalle 1618:Colima 1609:Sa'dah 1501:has a 1017:  893:  815:896736 813:Event 811:ISC-EB 769:]. 767:896736 764:  666:Ambato 634:Rexall 579:Ambato 575:Patate 477:Alausi 415:. The 336:, and 324:, and 318:Patate 297:Ambato 211:1°30′S 157:ComCat 144:896736 55:Ambato 2288:(6.8) 2282:(7.5) 2276:(8.0) 2270:(7.8) 2264:(5.1) 2247:(7.2) 2235:(7.7) 2229:(7.2) 2223:(7.6) 2217:(7.3) 2211:(6.5) 2205:(7.9) 2199:(8.8) 2176:(8.3) 2063:Khait 2023:Salta 2014:Fukui 1959:Assam 1455:(PDF) 1448:(PDF) 1015:S2CID 821:] 817:[ 595:Guano 564:Quito 554:near 393:Nazca 346:Quito 314:Guano 273:5,050 150:USGS- 2049:1949 1988:1948 1933:1947 1901:Peru 1842:1946 1787:1944 1726:1943 1703:Peru 1668:1942 1601:1941 1566:Lima 1552:1940 1497:The 1463:2010 1412:2012 1385:2010 1322:2010 1283:2010 1251:2010 1221:2010 1190:2010 1147:2010 1115:2010 1085:2010 1052:2010 973:2010 964:Life 943:2010 930:Time 904:2011 891:ISBN 859:2010 819:IRIS 799:2018 566:and 494:Life 486:The 475:and 462:The 431:The 379:and 348:and 279:The 250:Max. 189:6.4 152:ANSS 98:PERU 1007:doi 650:DDT 138:ISC 127:UTC 2304:: 2067:‡† 2033:‡† 1969:‡† 1884:‡† 1799:†‡ 1777:‡† 1716:†‡ 1613:†‡ 1585:†‡ 1480:. 1330:^ 1308:. 1302:. 1291:^ 1267:. 1237:. 1209:. 1198:^ 1176:. 1170:. 1155:^ 1131:. 1101:. 1073:. 1060:^ 1038:. 1027:^ 1013:. 1005:. 995:44 993:. 989:. 961:, 950:^ 927:, 912:^ 867:^ 845:. 826:^ 789:, 754:. 741:^ 708:. 570:. 506:. 352:. 320:, 316:, 2146:e 2139:t 2132:v 2113:‡ 2108:† 2085:† 2076:† 2018:† 2009:† 2000:† 1978:† 1923:† 1914:† 1905:† 1869:† 1860:† 1832:† 1823:† 1808:† 1768:† 1759:† 1750:† 1707:† 1698:† 1689:† 1680:† 1658:† 1637:† 1622:† 1570:† 1538:e 1531:t 1524:v 1465:. 1414:. 1387:. 1324:. 1285:. 1253:. 1223:. 1192:. 1149:. 1117:. 1087:. 1054:. 1021:. 1009:: 1001:: 906:. 861:. 502:s 500:M 304:s 302:M 262:) 194:s 192:M 172:)

Index

1949 Ambato earthquake is located in Ecuador
Ambato
UTC
ISC
896736
ANSS
ComCat
Ms
1°30′S 78°12′W / 1.5°S 78.2°W / -1.5; -78.2
Ecuador
MMI XI (Extreme)
earthquake
Western Hemisphere
Tungurahua Province
Ambato
Ms
hypocenter
Guano
Patate
Pelileo
Pillaro
landslides
Chimborazo
Cotopaxi Provinces
Libertad
Quito
Guayaquil
subduction
Nazca Plate
South American Plate

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