1118:
28:
571:
467:
336:
1718:
1681:
1644:
623:, early on September 2. The depression drifted southward and reached tropical storm intensity later that day. Based on observations from ships on September 3, the cyclone peaked with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 1,007 mbar (29.7 inHg). The storm then began moving southwestward at a faster pace. Late on September 5, the cyclone weakened to a tropical depression and curved west-southwestward. Shortly after 06:00 UTC on September 6, the system made landfall near
995:
344:
579:
475:
647:
860:
775:
1003:
868:
783:
655:
297:(ACE) rating of 57, near the 1911–1920 average of 58.7. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.
833:
peaked with maximum sustained winds of 90 mph (150 km/h). The storm then began to execute a small cyclonic loop, which continued until early on
October 8. By then, the cyclone was moving eastward and weakened to a tropical storm around 00:00 UTC on October 9. About 24 hours later, the system weakened to a tropical depression. At 18:00 UTC on October 10, the depression dissipated about 280 mi (450 km) northeast of Bermuda.
1072:, a barometric pressure of 965 mbar (28.5 inHg) was observed, the lowest known in relation to the storm. The storm weakened after landfall and the trend continued after reentry into the Caribbean Sea. On November 20, the hurricane weakened to a tropical storm north of Jamaica. The system then westward across the Caribbean, before dissipating on November 22 about 115 mi (185 km) southwest of
1417:
712:, with winds of 75 mph (120 km/h). A barometric pressure of 986 mbar (29.1 inHg) was observed at landfall, the lowest known in relation to the cyclone. The system quickly weakened to a tropical storm just four hours after landfall. Early on September 15, the storm weakened to a tropical depression and dissipated over
251:, seven of which became tropical storms; four of those strengthened into hurricanes, and one reached major hurricane intensity. The season's first cyclone developed on April 4, while the final dissipated on November 21. The season's most intense and most devastating tropical cyclone was the final storm, known as the
1102:
tropical characteristics again. The next tropical depression formed on
October 17 to the southeast of Bermuda. Moving generally northwestward, the depression transitioned into an extratropical cyclone by October 21. The final non-developing depression formed from an extratropical cyclone to the west of the
1084:
suffering near complete destruction and 42 deaths in that city alone. Across western
Jamaica, roughly a hundred homes were destroyed, while 5,000 buildings were damaged or demolished. About 100 fatalities and $ 1.5 million in damage occurred in Jamaica. Extensive flooding and five
832:
in North
Carolina. Already a strong tropical storm, the cyclone intensified into a hurricane about six hours later. Late on October 6, a vessel observed a barometric pressure of 996 mbar (29.4 inHg), the lowest in relation to the stop. Based on this, it is estimated that the hurricane
827:
moved into the Gulf of Mexico. By
October 3, a low pressure associated with the front developed. Initially extratropical, the low moved east-northeastward and crossed Florida on October 4. After entering the Atlantic early on October 5, the low began strengthening and soon reached the
1079:
Heavy rainfall was reported in
Jamaica. Several bridges were severely damaged in the northern and eastern portions of the island. Strong winds generated by the storm destroyed approximately 25% of banana trees, while telegraph lines were downed in a number of places. Railway lines were also heavily
523:
on July 12. The storm initially moved northwestward and strengthened slowly. Early on July 14, the cyclone turned west-northwestward. Later that day, a ship recorded a barometric pressure of 1,011 mbar (29.9 inHg), which was the lowest pressure in relation to the cyclone. Around
974:
broke daily rainfall records, with 6.34 in (161 mm) and 4.9 in (120 mm) observed on
October 17, respectively. Many buildings were destroyed and several boats sunk after tides rose 6 ft (1.8 m) in less than 4 hours. Fifteen people died and damage reached more
1101:
on April 4. The depression moved southwestward until being by a frontal boundary on April 6. By
September 25, another tropical depression developed from a formerly extratropical cyclone about halfway between Bermuda and the Azores. However, on September 27, the depression lost
1059:
developed into a tropical storm by 06:00 UTC on
November 11. Initially, the storm moved slowly northwestward, before eventually curving north-northeastward. Late on November 13, the cyclone intensified into a hurricane, based on a ship report. Slow intensification took place after
1060:
classification as a hurricane, though after recurving toward northeastward, the storm began to quicken in strengthening. Early on
November 17, the hurricane reached its maximum sustained wind speed of 115 mph (185 km/h). It continued north-northeastward and made landfall near
936:
late on October 16 with winds of 100 mph (155 km/h), estimated based on a storm surge of 6 ft (1.8 m). A barometric pressure of 970 mbar (29 inHg) was estimated using the pressure-wind relationship. The system quickly weakened to a tropical storm early on
723:, with 13.19 in (335 mm) falling there between September 7 and September 10. Hundreds of homes and numerous acres of agricultural lands were flooded. Throughout the area, many streets were washed out, disrupting street car service and commuting. In
924:, but began re-intensifying later that day. By 12:00 UTC on October 14, the cyclone deepened into a Category 1 hurricane and then a Category 2 hurricane about 24 hours later. The hurricane made landfall on central Padre Island between
703:
early on September 12. The cyclone peaked with maximum sustained winds of 90 mph (150 km/h) at 00:00 UTC on September 13, observed by a ship. Around this time, the hurricane began to curve northwestward. While approaching the
627:, with winds of 35 mph (55 km/h). About 12 hours later, the depression dissipated over southwest Georgia. The strongest wind speed associated with the storm was 37 mph (60 km/h) in Charleston, South Carolina.
290:, with flooding reported inland. The storm left 15 deaths and about $ 28,000 in damage. Overall, the tropical cyclones of this season collectively caused at least 122 fatalities and just under $ 1.6 million in damage.
1934:
1929:
420:, while still at tropical storm intensity. By 12:00 UTC on June 16, the cyclone weakened to a tropical depression. About 24 hours later, the depression dissipated about 150 mi (240 km) north of
408:), the lowest known in relation to the storm. Based on this, maximum sustained winds were estimated at 70 mph (110 km/h). Early on June 13, the storm curved northeastward and made landfall near
1917:
1912:
727:, abnormally high tides caused severe damage. Wharves and small buildings used for storing fishing equipment washed away. About 20 barges were beached, strewing timber across the beach. Service via the
755:, including a $ 2,000 barge, drowning a watchman. Winds destroyed a church, though wind damage was otherwise limited to downed street signs and fences. Overall, the hurricane caused $ 39,000 in damage.
396:. Initially, the storm moved slowly southeastward, before turning west-southwestward late on June 8. Strengthening slightly, the cyclone turned to the northwest by June 11. Around 12:00
1946:
1941:
1097:
In addition to the seven tropical storms, four tropical depressions developed and remained below tropical storm intensity. The first formed from an extratropical cyclone well to the southwest of the
443:. There, the Pee Dee River crested at 27.5 ft (8.4 m), about 0.5 ft (0.15 m) above flood stage. Some locations in eastern North Carolina reported strong winds, particularly at
828:
equivalency in intensity to a tropical storm. Around 00:00 UTC on October 6, the system transitioned into a tropical cyclone while situated about 260 mi (420 km) southeast of
699:, on September 10. Shortly thereafter, the depression intensified into a tropical storm. Moving generally westward, the storm intensified into a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day
308:
551:
in Georgia, strong winds and abnormally high tides were reported. In Savannah, a wind speed of 49 mph (79 km/h) was reported. The storm resulted in minimal damage.
1897:
962:
and Padre islands were inundated for several hours, with several buildings being swept away. Considerable damage also occurred in due to strong winds and tides in
310:
1136:
1203:
532:. The cyclone slowly weakened inland and fell to tropical depression status by 12:00 UTC on July 16. About twenty four hours, it dissipated over
270:
Other tropical cyclones that left notable impact include the fourth and sixth hurricanes. The former brought rough seas and storm surge to portions of the
912:
on October 11. Moving west-northwestward, the storm strengthened steadily, reaching winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) before making landfall near
282:, totaling about $ 39,000. One fatality occurred after a barge capsized. The sixth hurricane brought rough seas and heavy precipitation to northeastern
1884:
695:
A trough of low pressure in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico developed into a tropical depression about 60 mi (100 km) west-southwest of
1208:
307:
524:
12:00 UTC on July 15, the system peaked with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (85 km/h), based on an observation from
1131:
2026:
1161:
197:
1141:
970:. At the former, a number of windmills, trees, and poorly constructed buildings suffered some degree of damage. Brownsville and
1923:
920:, early on October 13. The system weakened slightly over land and while situated in the Gulf of Mexico just north of the
836:
Despite remaining well offshore during its tropical cyclone stage, a wind speed of 46 mph (74 km/h) was observed at
1877:
1165:
1106:
on November 7. The depression tracked generally westward before being absorbed by a frontal system on November 11.
187:
958:, though six other crew members were lost. Storm surge and abnormally high tides resulted in severe damage along the coast.
2000:
1732:
937:
October 17, several hours before weakening to a tropical depression. The storm dissipated early on October 18.
1231:
1742:
951:
728:
1870:
731:
was briefly interrupted due to timber on a railroad bridge. Wind damage was relatively minor. A dance pavilion on
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capsized with a crew of 27. Thirteen people, including the captain, were rescued by personnel from the
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397:
294:
243:
that featured the first recorded November major hurricane (Category 3 or higher on the modern day
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was partially deroofed, as was a hotel. Damage in Pensacola reached approximately $ 25,000 (1912
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240:
207:
1717:
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1123:
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244:
148:
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Observations from ships first indicated the presence of a tropical storm to the southeast of the
709:
412:, around 05:00 UTC. The system slowly weakened and emerged into the Atlantic Ocean from the
708:, the system weakened. At 08:00 UTC on September 14, the hurricane made landfall near
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1050:
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252:
71:
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27:
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921:
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A ship initially encountered this storm about 65 mi (105 km) north-northeast of
466:
335:
8:
971:
516:
427:
In Louisiana, heavy rainfall resulted in some flooding in inland areas. Precipitation in
409:
1589:
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United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service
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caused rivers to approach or reach flood stage, necessitating a flood stage warning at
343:
279:
1627:. Vol. 101, no. 126. San Francisco, California. November 17, 1912. p. 1
1738:
859:
774:
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in particular suffered impact from the storm. Some ships and vessels capsized in the
525:
389:
1086:
1893:
1593:
1509:
1458:
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1254:
248:
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1002:
867:
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259:, leading to at least 100 fatalities and about $ 1.5 million (1912
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624:
529:
405:
275:
104:
1514:
1710:
1673:
1636:
1103:
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A tropical depression formed about 140 mi (230 km) east-southeast of
432:
417:
385:
2020:
1421:
1245:(10). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: 2146.
1056:
1034:
959:
899:
837:
814:
686:
610:
506:
440:
375:
100:
1862:
1664:. Vol. 32, no. 325. Parsons, Kansas. November 18, 1912. p. 1
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946:
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1346:(Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
539:
Prior to the storm's landfall, northeast storm warnings were issued from
533:
413:
400:
on the following day, a ship observed a barometric pressure of 995
1080:
damaged by the winds and rain. Rough seas also lashed the island, with
1030:
895:
824:
810:
748:
682:
606:
502:
401:
392:
with a closed circulation about 100 mi (160 km) southeast of
371:
96:
719:
In Florida, the precursor to the hurricane brought heavy rainfall to
713:
1701:. Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Associated Press. November 20, 1912. p. 1
913:
1535:
1584:(11). American Meteorological Society: 1756–1757. November 1912.
1420:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1065:
740:
520:
421:
256:
1734:
Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons, and Cyclones, New Edition
1098:
1061:
283:
306:
1340:
Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT
933:
287:
1599:
10.1175/1520-0493(1912)40<1756b:TSONIJ>2.0.CO;2
264:
263:) in damage. The storm was also blamed for five deaths in
1464:
10.1175/1520-0493(1912)40<827:DNSAAE>2.0.CO;2
1232:"A Reanalysis of the 1911–20 Atlantic Hurricane Database"
1778:
1195:
Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT
528:. About three hours later, the storm made landfall near
1229:
1230:
Landsea, Christopher W.; et al. (May 15, 2008).
1344:
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
1204:
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
1113:
1613:
1399:"Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)"
1337:
1137:1900–1950 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
274:, leaving locally severe damage, particularly in
2018:
1571:"The Storms Of November In Jamaica, West Indies"
1730:
1565:
1563:
1529:
1209:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1650:
1892:
1878:
1560:
1484:
1433:
293:The season's activity was reflected with an
1737:. New York: Facts on File. pp. 55–56.
1485:von Herrmann, Charles F. (September 1912).
1885:
1871:
1687:
1621:"Unprecedented Rains Hurt Jamaican Fruits"
1536:David M. Roth; Weather Prediction Center.
447:, where there was a "severe local storm".
1597:
1513:
1487:"Climatological Data for September, 1912"
1462:
1393:
1391:
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1381:
1258:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1055:A low pressure area in the southwestern
198:1910s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1142:1910s Australian region cyclone seasons
1132:1900–1940 South Pacific cyclone seasons
554:
2019:
1478:
1434:von Herrmann, Charles F. (June 1912).
1303:
1301:
1299:
1297:
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1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
986:Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS)
851:Category 2 hurricane (SSHWS)
766:Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
638:Category 1 hurricane (SSHWS)
1866:
1777:
1427:
1358:
1189:
1187:
450:
319:
1780:1910–1919 Atlantic hurricane seasons
1724:
1436:"Climatological Data for June, 1912"
1338:Christopher W. Landsea; et al.
1282:
1085:fatalities occurred in Cuba in the
13:
1184:
978:
14:
2048:
1762:
952:United States Life-Saving Service
758:
729:Louisville and Nashville Railroad
630:
188:1910–19 Pacific hurricane seasons
2027:1910s Atlantic hurricane seasons
1731:David Longshore (May 12, 2010).
1716:
1679:
1642:
1415:
1116:
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1001:
993:
866:
858:
843:
781:
773:
667:September 10 – September 15
653:
645:
577:
569:
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255:. It produced heavy rainfall on
26:
975:than $ 28,000 (1912 USD).
706:Gulf Coast of the United States
272:Gulf Coast of the United States
193:1902-19 Pacific typhoon seasons
1223:
1162:"Late Season Major Hurricanes"
1154:
1015:November 11 – November 21
591:September 2 – September 6
237:1912 Atlantic hurricane season
21:1912 Atlantic hurricane season
1:
1147:
1044:The Jamaica Hurricane of 1912
1023:115 mph (185 km/h)
888:100 mph (155 km/h)
384:On June 7, ships in the
1068:, around 12:00 UTC. At
880:October 11 – October 18
803:90 mph (150 km/h)
675:90 mph (150 km/h)
364:70 mph (110 km/h)
92: • Lowest pressure
7:
1515:10.1175/1520-0493-40.9.1305
1200:Hurricane Research Division
1109:
795:October 6 – October 10
599:50 mph (85 km/h)
562:Tropical storm (SSHWS)
495:50 mph (85 km/h)
458:Tropical storm (SSHWS)
327:Tropical storm (SSHWS)
300:
10:
2053:
1658:"Jamaican Storm Continues"
1545:. Camp Springs, Maryland:
1401:(Database). United States
1207:(Report). Miami, Florida:
1048:
545:Charleston, South Carolina
314:
295:accumulated cyclone energy
208:Atlantic hurricane seasons
78: • Maximum winds
1993:
1977:
1956:
1928:South-West Indian Ocean (
1904:
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1403:National Hurricane Center
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1124:Tropical cyclones portal
1695:"Entire Town Wiped Out"
1625:San Francisco Chronicle
1539:Texas Hurricane History
944:, the Mexican streamer
710:Pascagoula, Mississippi
2037:1912 natural disasters
1769:Monthly Weather Review
1699:The Daily Northwestern
1578:Monthly Weather Review
1494:Monthly Weather Review
1443:Monthly Weather Review
1260:10.1175/2007JCLI1119.1
1051:1912 Jamaica hurricane
487:July 12 – July 17
437:Cheraw, South Carolina
51:Last system dissipated
1662:The Parsons Daily Sun
823:In late September, a
541:Jacksonville, Florida
356:June 7 – June 17
247:). There were eleven
170:$ 1.6 million (1912
701:Saffir–Simpson scale
621:Ocean City, Maryland
555:Tropical Storm Three
394:Port Eads, Louisiana
245:Saffir–Simpson scale
1911:Australian region (
1590:1912MWRv...40R1756.
1506:1912MWRv...40.1305V
1455:1912MWRv...40..827V
1251:2008JCli...21.2138L
1166:Weather Underground
517:San Salvador Island
410:Franklin, Louisiana
116:Seasonal statistics
43:First system formed
38:Seasonal boundaries
1994:Non-seasonal lists
1924:North Indian Ocean
1239:Journal of Climate
1070:South Negril Point
840:, North Carolina.
697:Cedar Key, Florida
451:Tropical Storm Two
320:Tropical Storm One
280:Pensacola, Florida
85:1-minute sustained
81:115 mph (185 km/h)
32:Season summary map
2014:
2013:
1894:Tropical cyclones
1860:
1859:
1853:
1795:
1041:
1040:
1026:
922:Yucatán Peninsula
906:
905:
891:
821:
820:
806:
733:Santa Rosa Island
693:
692:
678:
617:
616:
602:
526:Savannah, Georgia
513:
512:
498:
390:low pressure area
382:
381:
367:
253:Jamaica hurricane
249:tropical cyclones
233:
232:
121:Total depressions
54:November 21, 1912
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2032:1912 meteorology
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1440:
1431:
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1227:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1191:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1172:on March 3, 2019
1168:. Archived from
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1126:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1024:
1006:
1005:
1000:
997:
983:
982:
889:
871:
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862:
848:
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804:
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455:
454:
365:
347:
346:
341:
338:
324:
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241:hurricane season
179:Related articles
159:Total fatalities
145:Major hurricanes
30:
18:
17:
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2051:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2010:
1989:
1973:
1952:
1940:South Pacific (
1900:
1891:
1861:
1856:
1782:
1765:
1760:
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1749:
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1619:
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1534:
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1489:
1483:
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1469:
1467:
1438:
1432:
1428:
1416:
1408:
1406:
1405:. April 5, 2023
1397:
1396:
1359:
1349:
1347:
1336:
1283:
1273:
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1234:
1228:
1224:
1214:
1212:
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1122:
1117:
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1046:
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1007:
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992:
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979:Hurricane Seven
893:
872:
863:
857:
846:
808:
787:
778:
772:
761:
680:
659:
650:
644:
633:
625:Midway, Georgia
604:
583:
574:
568:
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530:Darien, Georgia
500:
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470:
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369:
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339:
333:
322:
317:
312:
311:
309:
303:
276:Mobile, Alabama
239:was an average
210:
202:
146:
82:
59:Strongest storm
33:
12:
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1748:. Retrieved
1733:
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1709:– via
1703:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1672:– via
1666:. Retrieved
1661:
1652:
1635:– via
1629:. Retrieved
1624:
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1552:September 5,
1550:. Retrieved
1538:
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1468:. Retrieved
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1407:. Retrieved
1350:September 5,
1348:. Retrieved
1343:
1274:September 6,
1272:. Retrieved
1242:
1238:
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1211:. April 2016
1198:
1174:. Retrieved
1170:the original
1156:
1096:
1078:
1074:Grand Cayman
1054:
1043:
1042:
972:Raymondville
956:Port Aransas
947:SS Nicaragua
945:
942:Padre Island
939:
918:Quintana Roo
907:
835:
822:
753:Mobile River
718:
694:
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549:Tybee Island
538:
514:
445:Fayetteville
439:, along the
426:
383:
292:
269:
236:
234:
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167:Total damage
129:Total storms
84:
15:
1500:(9): 1306.
968:Port Isabel
964:Brownsville
954:station in
534:Mississippi
414:Outer Banks
404:(29.4
388:reported a
2021:Categories
1957:Hurricanes
1791:Previous:
1750:August 21,
1705:August 21,
1668:August 21,
1631:August 21,
1605:August 21,
1449:(6): 828.
1176:August 27,
1148:References
825:cold front
749:Mobile Bay
286:and south
137:Hurricanes
1029:965
940:Offshore
894:970
830:Cape Fear
725:Pensacola
714:Tennessee
370:995
1978:Typhoons
1964:Atlantic
1905:Cyclones
1110:See also
1012:Duration
877:Duration
792:Duration
664:Duration
588:Duration
484:Duration
353:Duration
301:Timeline
1985:Pacific
1969:Pacific
1947:1912–13
1942:1911–12
1935:1912–13
1930:1911–12
1918:1912–13
1913:1911–12
1586:Bibcode
1502:Bibcode
1470:May 19,
1451:Bibcode
1269:1785238
1247:Bibcode
1066:Jamaica
1033: (
1025:(1-min)
898: (
890:(1-min)
813: (
805:(1-min)
741:Alabama
685: (
677:(1-min)
609: (
601:(1-min)
521:Bahamas
519:in the
505: (
497:(1-min)
429:Georgia
422:Bermuda
374: (
366:(1-min)
315:Systems
257:Jamaica
149:Cat. 3+
103:; 28.5
1849:Next:
1741:
1267:
1099:Azores
1089:area.
1062:Negril
999:
960:Brazos
914:CancĂşn
864:
779:
745:Mobile
739:). In
651:
575:
471:
340:
284:Mexico
278:, and
1574:(PDF)
1543:(PDF)
1490:(PDF)
1439:(PDF)
1265:S2CID
1235:(PDF)
934:Texas
721:Tampa
547:. At
543:, to
288:Texas
72:Seven
1898:1912
1851:1920
1844:1919
1839:1918
1834:1917
1829:1916
1824:1915
1819:1914
1814:1913
1809:1912
1804:1911
1799:1910
1793:1909
1752:2016
1739:ISBN
1707:2016
1670:2016
1633:2016
1607:2016
1554:2016
1523:2016
1472:2016
1411:2024
1352:2016
1276:2021
1217:2016
1178:2021
1031:mbar
966:and
928:and
896:mbar
811:mbar
751:and
683:mbar
607:mbar
503:mbar
431:and
406:inHg
402:mbar
372:mbar
265:Cuba
235:The
228:1914
224:1913
220:1912
216:1911
212:1910
105:inHg
97:mbar
95:965
68:Name
1896:in
1594:doi
1510:doi
1459:doi
1255:doi
1035:hPa
932:in
900:hPa
815:hPa
737:USD
687:hPa
611:hPa
507:hPa
416:of
398:UTC
376:hPa
261:USD
172:USD
162:122
101:hPa
2023::
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