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right to vote), they could be challenged, in which case they could declare on oath that they were a burgess. Harries attempted to manipulate the election by preventing several of
Stepneth's supporters from entering the hall, and Stepneth claimed to the Star Chamber that he also intimidated the voters within the building with threats and violence.
75:, and John Barlow of Slebech, who had come into conflict with Perrot due to a land dispute. Perrot himself had grown up in the area, his boyhood home being at Haroldstone, and he had been Mayor of Haverfordwest in 1570, an office which he also held in 1575 and 1576. Prior to the events of the 1571, Perrot held a virtual
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by transferring two of
Stepneth's voters to Garnons, and by gathering together several locals who were not burgesses to vote for Garnons. As a result, he was able to return Garnons as the MP despite the fact that he had polled fewer votes than Stepneth. The exact number of votes claimed to have been
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The second notional set of results reflects the fact that fourteen of those who voted for Garnon were not eligible voters, thirteen not being burgesses at the time. The fourteenth refused to take the oath. One of the men who voted for
Stepneth was challenged, and it is possible that he may not have
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The election was held on 20 March at the Shire Hall. After the two candidates had been nominated, two books were prepared, one for each candidate. Each voter present was individually called to sign the book of his choice. If it was suspected that a voter was not a burgess (and thus did not have the
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named
William Morgan threatened supporters of Stepneth with violence if they came to vote for him, and the Mayor made several common supporters of Perrot burgesses simply to swing the election. One supporter of Stepneth who was at the time imprisoned as a burgess, and thus had many more liberties
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Stepneth challenged the return at the Star
Chamber. He won his case, and Harries was imprisoned and fined £200 for the crime of the false return. Stepneth was elected to the seat uncontested in 1572. By the time the next election was held, in 1584, Perrot had been appointed
43:. The election was contested by Alban Stepneth, a member of the local gentry. Although Stepneth received more votes than Garnons, Garnons was originally declared to have won due to the intervention of Perrot's powerful supporters. Stepneth appealed to the
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Due to Perrot's position, his opponents were not prepared to stand a candidate against him nor a candidate endorsed by him. However, Perrot was appointed Lord
President of Munster in November 1570, and was due to set sail to
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71:, who bore the right to vote. It was politically dominated by a few individuals, most notably Perrot, who was supported by the local gentry, and opposing him, the antiquarian
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won by Garnon is not recorded, but it was presumably over
Stepneth's fifty. Harries stated during the election that he would return Garnon no matter how large Stepneth's
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family, stood in opposition to the candidate endorsed by the borough officials, John
Garnons. Garnons was descended from a gentle family whose estates were originally in
382:, and therefore was again absent. Stepneth retained his seat at the 1586 election, but did not contest the November 1588 election in which Perrot was returned.
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of power - all the borough offices were held by his supporters, including the mayor, John Voyle, and the sheriff, Edmund
Harries. The Sheriff acted as
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for the county by Perrot, although the details are uncertain. He had previously represented the constituency of
Pembroke in the 3rd parliament of
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Despite the efforts of Harries, there were seven more signatories to Stepneth's book than Garnons. The Sheriff at this point committed
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a month before the election was to take place. This essentially created a power vacuum. Alban Stepneth, a gentleman tied to the
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than a common prisoner, was transferred to the common prison when he let his voting intentions be known to the Sheriff.
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During the late 16th century, Haverfordwest had a population of around two to three thousand, of which one hundred were
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Parliamentary election, 1571: Haverfordwest - notional results according to Stepneth's Star Chamber testimony
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was held on 20 March 1571. The most prominent local politician was
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Elections in Wales to the Parliament of the United Kingdom
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Portrait of Sir John Perrot - mezzotint after George Powle
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contested elections of which the full records are extant.
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Neale, J.E (January 1946). "More Elizabethan Elections".
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477:The Elizabethan House of Commons
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142:Results
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55:Context
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114:Mary I
357:79.0
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_mezzotint_after_George_Powle.jpg)