30:
670:
263:
357:"Although the National Guard got off to a promising start, the continued rivalry between Nicaragua's traditional political parties ultimately led to its politicization. In the elections of 1928, the Guard seemed to supervise polling effectively, and at the time there were reasons to believe that it could develop into a cohesive and professional policing force. Following his decisive electoral victory, however,
324:"The electoral mission had given three months' training, in special schools in each province, to the marine and navy enlisted men who were to be chairmen of most of the 432 local electoral boards. The chairmen of the 13 departmental electoral boards were for the most part officers from the
624:
Musicant, Ivan. The banana wars: a history of United States military intervention in Latin
America from the Spanish–American War to the invasion of Panama. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 1990.
557:
Gorman, Stephen M. 1984. "Social change and political revolution: the case of
Nicaragua." Central America : crisis and adaptation. 1984. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. Pp. 38.
705:
700:
695:
690:
331:
Two minor parties, Conservative
Republican and Liberal Republican, requested the National Board of Elections (NBE) the right to appear on the ballot. The NBE unanimously refused both requests.
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
603:
Gorman, Stephen M. “Social change and political revolution: the case of
Nicaragua.” Central America : crisis and adaptation. 1984. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
597:
Dodd, Thomas J. Managing democracy in
Central America (A case study: United States election supervision in Nicaragua, 1927–1933). New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. 1992.
594:
Cardenal Tellería, Marco A. Nicaragua y su historia: cronología del acontecer histórico y construcción de la nación nicaragüense. Managua: Banco
Mercantíl. Volume I. 2000.
1073:
1068:
115:
566:
Mahoney, James. The legacies of liberalism: path dependence and political regimes in
Central America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. 2001. Pp. 232.
618:
Millett, Richard. Guardians of the dynasty: a history of the U.S. created
Guardia Nacional de Nicaragua and the Somoza Family. Maryknoll: Orbis Books. 1977.
452:
615:
Mahoney, James. The legacies of liberalism: path dependence and political regimes in
Central America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2001.
953:
928:
918:
636:
300:
1078:
658:
609:
Kamman, William. A search for stability: United States diplomacy toward
Nicaragua 1925-1933. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. 1968.
548:
Bacevich, Andrew J., Jr. 1980. “The American electoral mission in Nicaragua, 1927-28.” Diplomatic history 4, 3:241-261 (summer 1980). Pp. 258.
1114:
591:
Barquero, Sara L. Gobernantes de Nicaragua, 1825-1947. Managua: Publicaciones del Ministerio de Instrucción Pública. Second edition. 1945.
633:
Vargas, Oscar-René. Elecciones presidenciales en Nicaragua, 1912-1932: análisis socio-político. Managua: Fundación Manolo Morales. 1989.
1104:
600:
Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook Volume 1. North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Edited by Dieter Nohlen. 2005.
244:
231:
227:
216:
908:
898:
888:
883:
873:
863:
588:
Bacevich, Andrew J., Jr. “The American electoral mission in Nicaragua, 1927-28.” Diplomatic history 4, 3:241-261 (summer 1980).
354:
was able to install a Liberal president in 1928 without sacrificing even the least security for its interests in the country."
193:
539:
Munro, Dana G. 1974. The United States and the Caribbean republics, 1921-1933. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Pp. 252.
273:
765:
750:
735:
134:
293:
651:
621:
Munro, Dana G. The United States and the Caribbean republics, 1921-1933. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1974.
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
948:
943:
938:
933:
923:
913:
903:
878:
868:
858:
853:
848:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
760:
755:
745:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
183:
178:
173:
666:
1099:
1054:
447:
339:
318:
286:
206:
840:
644:
358:
110:
612:
MacRenato, Ternot. Somoza: seizure of power, 1926-1939. La Jolla: University of California, San Diego. 1991.
146:
85:
606:
Kagan, Robert. A twilight struggle: American power and Nicaragua, 1977-1990. New York: Free Press. 1996.
1109:
415:
343:
335:
43:
249:
141:
55:
119:
420:
317:
on 4 November 1928 to elect a president, half of the deputies and a third of the senators of the
361:
of the Liberal Party worked to convert the institution into a political force of the Liberals."
682:
674:
159:
73:
50:
20:
347:
630:
Smith, Hazel. Nicaragua: self-determination and survival. London : Pluto Press. 1993.
8:
239:
334:
The large turnout of 88% of those registered resulted in an unequivocal victory for the
346:
had discarded its extreme nationalism and anti-imperialism which it had acquired under
325:
267:
90:
1093:
351:
78:
29:
669:
314:
342:
professed its willingness to abide by this outcome. "Since the
575:
Political Handbook of the World 1929. New York, 1930. p137
1069:
Elections in the North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
627:
Political handbook of the world 1929. New York, 1930.
535:
533:
373:
1091:
530:
517:Source: Nohlen, Political Handbook of the World
652:
294:
659:
645:
301:
287:
1074:South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
1092:
640:
503:
385:
382:
379:
376:
1115:Presidential elections in Nicaragua
1079:Federal Republic of Central America
13:
14:
1126:
1105:1928 elections in Central America
338:. More importantly, the defeated
668:
261:
28:
582:
313:General elections were held in
569:
560:
551:
542:
1:
523:
213:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
7:
10:
1131:
364:
1063:
1007:
839:
681:
516:
512:
504:Registered voters/turnout
499:
476:
405:
400:
395:
390:
219:: Denis Moncada Colindres
359:José María Moncada Tapia
135:Administrative divisions
841:Parliamentary elections
1100:Elections in Nicaragua
683:Presidential elections
675:Elections in Nicaragua
228:Diplomatic missions of
120:Gustavo Porras Cortés
21:Politics of Nicaragua
268:Nicaragua portal
1008:Municipal elections
370:
448:Conservative Party
421:José María Moncada
369:
348:José Santos Zelaya
326:United States Army
1110:1928 in Nicaragua
1087:
1086:
521:
520:
319:National Congress
311:
310:
245:Visa requirements
207:Foreign relations
194:Political parties
166:Recent elections
111:National Assembly
1122:
673:
672:
661:
654:
647:
638:
637:
576:
573:
567:
564:
558:
555:
549:
546:
540:
537:
371:
368:
303:
296:
289:
266:
265:
264:
32:
16:
15:
1130:
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1125:
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1120:
1119:
1090:
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1088:
1083:
1059:
1003:
835:
677:
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665:
585:
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579:
574:
570:
565:
561:
556:
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531:
526:
407:
402:
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367:
307:
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274:Other countries
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236:
224:
209:
199:
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162:
152:
151:
137:
127:
126:
106:
98:
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91:Rosario Murillo
69:
61:
60:
46:
23:
12:
11:
5:
1128:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1064:
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1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
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986:
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976:
971:
966:
961:
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946:
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936:
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926:
921:
916:
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861:
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851:
845:
843:
837:
836:
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833:
828:
823:
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813:
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803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
687:
685:
679:
678:
664:
663:
656:
649:
641:
635:
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631:
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619:
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607:
604:
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598:
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584:
581:
578:
577:
568:
559:
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541:
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519:
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366:
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298:
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270:
257:
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223:
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220:
210:
205:
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191:
190:
189:
187:
186:
181:
176:
169:
163:
158:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:
147:Municipalities
144:
138:
133:
132:
129:
128:
125:
124:
123:
122:
107:
104:
103:
100:
99:
96:
95:
94:
93:
86:Vice President
83:
82:
81:
70:
67:
66:
63:
62:
59:
58:
53:
47:
42:
41:
38:
37:
34:
33:
25:
24:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1127:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
842:
838:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
688:
686:
684:
680:
676:
671:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
643:
642:
639:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
586:
572:
563:
554:
545:
536:
534:
529:
515:
509:
506:
502:
498:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
475:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
454:
453:Martín Benárd
451:
449:
446:
444:
443:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
416:Liberal Party
414:
412:
411:
389:
372:
362:
360:
355:
353:
352:United States
349:
345:
344:Liberal Party
341:
340:Conservatives
337:
336:Liberal Party
332:
329:
327:
322:
320:
316:
304:
299:
297:
292:
290:
285:
284:
282:
281:
275:
272:
271:
269:
259:
258:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:
229:
226:
225:
218:
215:
214:
212:
211:
208:
203:
202:
195:
192:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
171:
170:
168:
167:
165:
164:
161:
156:
155:
148:
145:
143:
140:
139:
136:
131:
130:
121:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
108:
102:
101:
92:
89:
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:Daniel Ortega
77:
76:
75:
72:
71:
65:
64:
57:
54:
52:
49:
48:
45:
40:
39:
36:
35:
31:
27:
26:
22:
18:
17:
893:
740:
583:Bibliography
571:
562:
553:
544:
356:
333:
330:
323:
312:
232:in Nicaragua
51:Abortion law
44:Constitution
250:Visa policy
142:Departments
105:Legislature
56:LGBT rights
1094:Categories
1067:See also:
929:1947 (Aug)
924:1947 (Feb)
766:1947 (Aug)
761:1947 (Feb)
756:1936 (Dec)
751:1936 (Jun)
524:References
377:Candidate
315:Nicaragua
172:General:
160:Elections
116:President
74:President
68:Executive
240:Passport
217:Minister
507:148,831
480:133,663
396:Chamber
391:Chamber
365:Results
483:100.00
457:56,987
425:76,676
406:Senate
401:Senate
350:, the
477:Total
460:42.63
428:57.37
408:total
398:total
386:Seats
380:Votes
374:Party
1055:2022
1050:2017
1045:2012
1040:2009
1035:2008
1030:2004
1025:2000
1020:1996
1015:1990
999:2021
994:2016
989:2011
984:2006
979:2001
974:1996
969:1990
964:1984
959:1974
954:1972
949:1967
944:1963
939:1957
934:1950
919:1938
914:1936
909:1934
904:1932
899:1930
894:1928
889:1927
884:1926
879:1924
874:1922
869:1920
864:1918
859:1916
854:1914
849:1912
831:2021
826:2016
821:2011
816:2006
811:2001
806:1996
801:1990
796:1984
791:1974
786:1967
781:1963
776:1957
771:1950
746:1932
741:1928
736:1926
731:1924
726:1920
721:1916
716:1914
711:1912
706:1906
701:1902
696:1871
691:1856
184:2021
179:2016
174:2011
403:won
393:won
328:."
1096::
532:^
495:24
489:43
486:25
472:12
466:24
440:12
434:19
431:17
321:.
230:/
118::
660:e
653:t
646:v
510:–
492:9
469:4
463:8
437:5
383:%
302:e
295:t
288:v
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