38:
271:) as a language within the Yagara language group. R. M. W. Dixon classifies Turrbal as a dialect of the language of Yagera, in the technical linguistic sense where mutually intelligible dialects are deemed to belong to a single language. Bowern considers Turrbal to be one of five languages of the "Turubulic" language group, the others being Nunukul, Yaraga, Janday and Guwar.
1263:
946:
Vocabularies of four representative tribes of South
Eastern Queensland : with grammatical notes thereof and some notes on manners and customs, also, a list of Aboriginal place names and their derivations
1293:
921:
891:
814:
171:
1186:
1157:
1128:
1099:
1247:
1448:
851:
The
Turrbal Association (an incorporated Turrbal association that offers cultural services) uses the spelling "Turrbal" in preference to other spellings.
1285:
1085:
Guwar, the language of
Moreton Island, and its relationship to the Bandjalang and Yagara subgroups: a case for phylogenetic migratory expansion?
247:) has been variously classified as a language, group of languages or as a dialect of another language. F. J. Watson classifies Turrbal (
1324:
3399:
1441:
1421:
1224:
1434:
1397:
2277:
2149:
1070:
An introduction to the languages of
Moreton Bay : Yagarabul and Its Djandewal dialect, and Moreton Islands Gowar
1052:
3123:
970:
Aboriginal tribes of
Australia : their terrain, environmental controls, distribution, limits, and proper names
2537:
1027:
1002:
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111:
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2128:
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17:
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1371:
866:
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2858:
2006:
1682:
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1572:
785:, an informal term referring to any work, especially of strenuous kind, comes from a Yagara word
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2380:
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2319:
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1338:
1248:"Naarm, Gadigal, Tāmaki Makaurau: Indigenous place names in the spotlight at Women's World Cup"
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2761:
2578:
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398:
209:
49:. The reason given is: Lack of clarity on overlap and differences between Turrbal and Yagara.
3157:
243:; Yagara, Yugarabul, and Turrbul proper are more likely to be considered dialects. Turrbal (
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2014:
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289:
1223:. Vol. LVIII, no. 13, 623. Queensland, Australia. 10 September 1901. p. 7.
913:
883:
810:
769:
on which
Brisbane was founded. This name is sometimes used for the greater Brisbane area.
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2110:
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2037:
1973:
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51:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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223:
Alternate spellings include
Turubul, Turrubal, Turrabul, Toorbal, and Tarabul.
3388:
2390:
2347:
1910:
1559:
1259:
1214:
434:
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1172:
1143:
1114:
146:
1426:
995:
Aboriginal pathways : in southeast
Queensland and the Richmond River
446:
429:
231:
The four dialects listed in Dixon (2002) are sometimes seen as separate
476:
439:
347:
217:
84:
922:
Australian
Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
892:
Australian
Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
815:
Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
461:
155:
139:
1185:
1156:
1127:
1098:
761:
213:
94:
827:
765:
takes its name from the Turrbal name for the land centred at
1198:
1169:
1140:
1111:
1286:"Meanjin: exploring the Traditional Place name of Brisbane"
828:"Turrbal Aboriginal Tribe - Traditional Owners of Brisbane"
813:
Turubul at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database,
949:. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia (Queensland)
504:
Some words from the Turrbal / Yagara language include:
1339:"Meanings and origins of Australian words and idioms"
1398:
Indigenous Language Wordlists: Yugara Everyday Words
1314:
1022:. Cambridge University Press. pp. xxiv, xxxiv.
1381:
Indigenous Language Wordlists: Yugarabul Body Parts
27:
Australian Aboriginal language of the Brisbane area
1246:Khan, Jo; Graham-McLay, Charlotte (23 July 2023).
868:Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development
865:
263:) to refers to speakers of the language of Yagara
1364:Indigenous Language Wordlists: Turubul Body Parts
1020:Australian languages their nature and development
3386:
1245:
1189:This Knowledge article incorporates text from
1160:This Knowledge article incorporates text from
1131:This Knowledge article incorporates text from
1102:This Knowledge article incorporates text from
817: (see the info box for additional links)
1442:
1207:
820:
872:. Cambridge University Press. p. xxxiv.
415:Stop sounds may also be heard as voiceless .
255:, which is most likely the language Yagara
1456:
1449:
1435:
1235:– via National Library of Australia.
906:
876:
2668:
2181:
1082:
806:
804:
802:
2824:
2483:
1848:
1067:
1045:The Oxford Guide to Australian Languages
918:Australian Indigenous Languages Database
888:Australian Indigenous Languages Database
259:. Norman Tindale uses the term Turrbal (
3122:
1315:Macquarie Dictionary (19 August 2019).
1178:
1149:
1091:
967:
14:
3387:
3027:
1120:
1042:
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942:
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2180:
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31:
1469:
1327:from the original on 11 March 2023.
24:
1357:
1296:from the original on 3 August 2023
1266:from the original on 4 August 2023
1227:from the original on 24 March 2023
997:. University of Queensland Press.
972:. University of California Press.
267:. John Steele classifies Turrbal (
25:
3411:
1415:
772:
492:Vowel length is also distinctive.
226:
1341:. Australian National University
1317:"Good, old-fashioned hard yakka"
1184:
1155:
1126:
1097:
495:A lax /a/ can also be heard as .
36:
3400:Extinct languages of Queensland
1331:
1308:
1278:
1239:
1076:
1061:
1036:
1011:
216:people of the Brisbane area of
986:
961:
936:
854:
845:
251:) as a sub group of Yugarabul
13:
1:
792:
499:
279:
1204:, accessed on 14 June 2022.
1175:, accessed on 14 June 2022.
1146:, accessed on 14 June 2022.
1117:, accessed on 14 June 2022.
1043:Bowern, Claire, ed. (2013).
274:
7:
1422:Yuggera djarra-na - Mission
1402:State Library of Queensland
1385:State Library of Queensland
1368:State Library of Queensland
1195:State Library of Queensland
1166:State Library of Queensland
1137:State Library of Queensland
1108:State Library of Queensland
1087:. University of Queensland.
1047:. Oxford. pp. lxxxiv.
10:
3416:
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2895:
2867:
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2835:
2819:
2783:
2760:
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2706:
2683:
2679:
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2478:
2437:
2414:
2356:
2318:
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2196:
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2137:
2109:
2056:
2028:
2005:
1972:
1929:
1896:
1863:
1859:
1843:
1794:
1763:
1722:
1701:
1653:
1627:
1606:
1558:
1542:
1481:
1477:
1464:
1215:"The Old Brisbane Blacks"
419:
402:
288:
286:
191:
170:
153:
137:
132:
100:
90:
80:
75:
70:
45:This article needs to be
1083:Jefferies, Tony (2011).
1068:Charlton, Kerry (2019).
1018:Dixon, R. M. W. (2002).
968:Tindale, Norman (1974).
1411:, accessed 14 June 2022
1394:, accessed 14 June 2022
1377:, accessed 14 June 2022
789:, the verb for 'work'.
2988:old Wangkumara/Garlali
2957:new Wangkumara/Garlali
1458:Pama–Nyungan languages
2278:Woiwurrung–Taungurung
993:Steele, John (1984).
943:Watson, F.J. (1944).
759:The literary journal
749:: welcome / greetings
210:Aboriginal Australian
3338:Gangalidda (Yukulta)
1321:Macquarie Dictionary
1220:The Brisbane Courier
166: Yagara-Jandai
3395:Durubalic languages
3124:Macro-Pama–Nyungan?
233:Durubalic languages
2589:Ngarluma-Kariyarra
779:Australian English
3382:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3309:
3308:
3177:Mangarrayi-Marran
3136:Macro-Gunwinyguan
3113:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2659:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2538:Kanyara–Mantharta
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2314:
2313:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2167:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1822:Mbariman-Gudhinma
1193:published by the
1164:published by the
1135:published by the
1106:published by the
581:: belly / stomach
489:
488:
412:
411:
203:
202:
66:
65:
16:(Redirected from
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2664:
2496:
2495:
2480:
2479:
2305:Kuurn Kopan Noot
2301:Dhauwurd Wurrung
2231:
2230:
2194:
2193:
2178:
2177:
2129:Pallanganmiddang
1861:
1860:
1845:
1844:
1740:Aghu Tharrnggala
1479:
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1292:. 14 July 2023.
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929:
914:"E66: Yugarabul"
910:
904:
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901:
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858:
852:
849:
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423:
284:
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212:language of the
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165:
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106:
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21:
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3305:
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3208:
3172:
3126:
3105:
3084:
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3010:
2967:
2944:Wangka-Yutjurru
2891:
2863:
2831:
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2779:
2756:
2720:
2702:
2675:
2651:
2623:
2555:
2532:
2490:
2466:
2433:
2410:
2352:
2310:
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2248:Dja Dja Wurrung
2229:
2215:
2188:
2164:
2133:
2105:
2052:
2024:
2001:
1968:
1925:
1892:
1855:
1831:
1807:Flinders Island
1790:
1759:
1718:
1697:
1649:
1645:Guugu Yimidhirr
1623:
1602:
1554:
1538:
1504:Arritinngithigh
1489:Adithinngithigh
1473:
1471:Paman languages
1460:
1455:
1418:
1400:, published by
1383:, published by
1366:, published by
1360:
1358:Further reading
1355:
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950:
941:
937:
927:
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911:
907:
897:
895:
882:
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877:
862:Dixon, R. M. W.
859:
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850:
846:
836:
834:
826:
825:
821:
809:
800:
795:
775:
725:: water (fresh)
502:
422:
282:
277:
229:
182:
181: Turubul,
176:
161:
145:
138:
128:
107:
104:Language family
102:
62:
56:
53:
50:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
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11:
5:
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3128:
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3115:
3114:
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3110:
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3098:
3096:Lower Burdekin
3092:
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2917:
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2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2887:Lower Arrernte
2884:
2879:
2873:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2859:Western Desert
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2190:
2189:
2174:
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2170:
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2165:
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2157:
2155:Kalaw Lagaw Ya
2152:
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924:. 26 July 2019
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894:. 26 July 2019
884:"E23: Yuggera"
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767:Gardens Point
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724:
721:
719:: home / camp
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569: : mouth
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99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
83:
79:
74:
69:
60:
57:February 2024
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
3270:Anindilyakwa
3030:Pama–Nyungan
2984:Bulloo River
2963:Yandruwandha
2950:Wilson River
2829:Pama–Nyungan
2741:Yindjilandji
2685:Ngumpin–Yapa
2673:Pama–Nyungan
2614:Yindjibarndi
2579:Martuthunira
2488:Pama–Nyungan
2320:Lower Murray
2186:Pama–Nyungan
1996:
1853:Pama–Nyungan
1635:Barrow Point
1343:. Retrieved
1333:
1320:
1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1289:
1280:
1268:. Retrieved
1252:The Guardian
1251:
1241:
1229:. Retrieved
1218:
1209:
1180:
1151:
1122:
1093:
1084:
1078:
1069:
1063:
1044:
1038:
1019:
1013:
994:
988:
969:
963:
951:. Retrieved
945:
938:
926:. Retrieved
917:
908:
896:. Retrieved
887:
878:
867:
856:
847:
835:. Retrieved
831:
822:
786:
782:
776:
760:
758:
752:
746:
740:
734:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
688:
685:: eye / eyes
682:
676:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
644:
640:
634:
628:
624:
618:
614:
609:Gurumba bigi
608:
602:
596:
590:
584:
578:
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
503:
230:
222:
205:
204:
187: Jagara
154:
121:
112:Pama–Nyungan
54:
46:
29:
3291:Kungarakany
3213:Gunwinyguan
3199:Warndarrang
2999:Barranbinja
2935:Pitta Pitta
2798:Mayi-Kutuna
2762:Kalkatungic
2647:Nyangumarta
2619:Yinhawangka
2429:Ngadjunmaya
2343:Yitha-Yitha
2273:Wemba Wemba
2258:Madhi-Madhi
2253:Ledji-Ledji
2124:Gunaikurnai
2015:Kumbainggar
1776:Mbara-Yanga
1745:Ikarranggal
1593:Wik-Ngathan
1588:Wik-Mungkan
1573:Kugu-Muminh
1231:17 February
953:22 February
645:juwahnduwan
399:Approximant
3389:Categories
3265:Nunggubuyu
3255:Rembarrnga
3245:Kunbarlang
3189:Mangarrayi
3145:Maningrida
2954:Bundhamara
2940:Wanggamala
2924:Yarluyandi
2793:Mayi-Kulan
2770:Kalkatungu
2747:Warluwarra
2726:Warluwaric
2604:Nyiyaparli
2358:Thura-Yura
2296:Bungandidj
2268:Wathaurong
2150:Bandjalang
2071:Darkinjung
2058:Yuin–Kuric
2038:Gamilaraay
2030:Wiradhuric
1931:Waka–Kabic
1827:Umbindhamu
1693:Yir-Yoront
1677:Ogh-Undjan
1619:Morrobolam
1499:Anguthimri
1494:Andjingith
1029:0521473780
1004:0702219436
979:0520020057
837:12 October
793:References
755:: forehead
707:: children
695:: kangaroo
641:Juwahduwan
611:: good day
605:: shoulder
500:Vocabulary
290:Peripheral
280:Consonants
218:Queensland
85:Queensland
3361:Gunindiri
3323:Kayardild
3250:Ngalakgan
3235:Kunwinjku
3163:Gurr-goni
3158:Ndjébbana
3075:Ritharrŋu
2979:Baagandji
2775:Yalarnnga
2716:Warumungu
2708:Warumungu
2637:Karajarri
2551:Mantharta
2528:Yinggarda
2457:Natingero
2452:Kalaamaya
2371:Barngarla
2333:Ngayawung
2263:Wadi-Wadi
2227:Kolakngat
2198:Yotayotic
2119:Dhudhuroa
2111:Gippsland
2091:Ngunnawal
2081:Dhanggati
2048:Wiradjuri
2043:Ngiyambaa
1974:Durubalic
1949:Gabi-Gabi
1939:Barunggam
1883:Warrgamay
1865:Dyirbalic
1786:Walangama
1668:Kok Thawa
1663:Koko-Bera
1655:Southwest
1607:Lamalamic
1598:Wik-Ompom
1583:Wik-Me'nh
1543:Northeast
1524:Ndrangith
1260:0261-3077
1162:Yugarabul
673:Dumbirrbi
651:: bird(s)
649:juwanbinl
529:: echidna
523:: wallaby
275:Phonology
156:Glottolog
140:ISO 639-3
117:Durubalic
91:Ethnicity
18:Yugarabul
3296:Wardaman
3286:Gaagudju
3225:Uwinymil
2994:Muruwari
2882:Kaytetye
2877:Arrernte
2670:Northern
2609:Panyjima
2561:Ngayarta
2508:Badimaya
2396:Ngadjuri
2386:Narungga
2243:Bunurong
2211:Yotayota
2183:Southern
2096:Tharawal
2066:Awabakal
1964:Wuliwuli
1959:Wakawaka
1921:Warrongo
1878:Nyawaygi
1817:Kok Narr
1802:Djabugay
1781:Mbabaram
1764:Southern
1688:Kuuk Yak
1628:Yalanjic
1614:Lamalama
1568:Ayabadhu
1509:Awngthim
1325:Archived
1300:3 August
1294:Archived
1270:3 August
1264:Archived
1225:Archived
1104:Turrubul
864:(2002).
741:Waiyebba
711:Nggurrun
677:marrambi
657:: finger
579:Dhiggeri
322:Alveolar
163:yaga1256
3348:Garrwan
3315:Tangkic
3301:Wagiman
3240:Dalabon
3168:Nakkara
3153:Burarra
2920:Ngamini
2915:Mithaka
2905:Arabana
2869:Arandic
2826:Central
2752:Yanyuwa
2738:Bularnu
2698:Ngumbin
2693:Ngarrga
2642:Mangala
2629:Marrngu
2594:Nhuwala
2574:Kurrama
2569:Jurruru
2546:Kanyara
2523:Wajarri
2513:Malgana
2485:Western
2462:Nyungar
2447:Galaagu
2439:Nyungic
2424:Mirning
2416:Mirniny
2406:Wirangu
2338:Yaralde
2328:Keramin
2221:Kulinic
2086:Ngarigo
1997:Turrbal
1992:Nunukul
1916:Kingkel
1906:Bidjara
1888:Wulguru
1873:Dyirbal
1850:Eastern
1771:Agwamin
1755:Thaypan
1750:Takalak
1735:Angkula
1730:Alungul
1723:Thaypan
1714:Kuthant
1709:Kurtjar
1578:Pakanha
1519:Mbiywom
1514:Luthigh
1409:license
1392:license
1375:license
1345:26 July
1202:licence
1191:Yuggera
1173:licence
1144:licence
1115:licence
928:14 June
898:14 June
832:Turrbal
762:Meanjin
689:Guruman
679:: koala
663:: canoe
635:Juhrram
621:: snake
591:Dyrrbin
573:Dharang
567:Dhambur
539:: grass
435:Central
383:Lateral
329:Plosive
317:Palatal
295:Laminal
241:Nunukul
214:Turrbal
206:Turrbal
172:AIATSIS
122:Turrbal
95:Turrbal
71:Turrbal
47:updated
3366:Waanyi
3356:Garrwa
3333:Minkin
3328:Lardil
3260:Ngandi
3220:Jawoyn
3101:Bindal
3070:Djinaŋ
3065:Djinba
3055:Dhuwal
3028:Other
3006:Yardli
2910:Diyari
2897:Karnic
2854:Wanman
2849:Ngardi
2803:Ngawun
2734:Wagaya
2599:Nyamal
2584:Ngarla
2518:Nhanda
2401:Nukunu
2381:Kuyani
2376:Kaurna
2160:Yidiny
2145:Anewan
2076:Dharug
2020:Yaygir
1987:Janday
1944:Dappil
1812:Gugadj
1702:Norman
1673:Kunjen
1550:Umpila
1534:Uradhi
1529:Ngkoth
1404:under
1387:under
1370:under
1258:
1197:under
1168:under
1139:under
1133:Jagara
1110:under
1051:
1026:
1001:
976:
737:: tree
735:Tullei
731:: fish
723:Tahbil
717:Ngumbi
713:: neck
705:Nammul
701:: nose
669:: hand
661:Kundul
655:Killen
637:: rain
631:: fish
629:guyurr
625:Gagarr
619:guttah
599:: head
593:: bone
587:: foot
563:: land
561:Dhagun
551:: shin
545:: knee
537:bungil
533:Bangil
527:Buneen
521:Bugwal
515:Binung
420:Vowels
367:Rhotic
307:Labial
300:Apical
237:Jandai
208:is an
198:Yagara
81:Region
76:Yagara
3279:Other
3230:Waray
3204:Yugul
3194:Marra
3184:Alawa
3089:Other
3080:Nhaŋu
3060:Djaŋu
3050:Dhaŋu
3042:Yolŋu
2972:Other
2930:Ngura
2500:Kartu
2288:Drual
2235:Kulin
2138:Other
2101:Wormi
1982:Guwar
1898:Maric
1795:Other
1482:North
1406:CC-BY
1389:CC-BY
1372:CC-BY
1199:CC BY
1170:CC BY
1141:CC BY
1112:CC BY
783:yakka
781:word
753:Yilam
747:Wunya
743:: arm
729:Towan
693:murri
667:Marra
615:Gujah
585:Dinna
575:: leg
555:Deear
517:: ear
511:: sun
447:Close
430:Front
348:Nasal
312:Velar
2841:Wati
2785:Mayi
2391:Nauo
2348:Yuyu
1911:Biri
1347:2023
1302:2023
1272:2023
1256:ISSN
1233:2023
1049:ISBN
1024:ISBN
999:ISBN
974:ISBN
955:2023
930:2022
900:2022
839:2022
787:yaga
777:The
699:Muru
603:Giga
597:Gahm
549:Buyu
543:Buhn
509:Bigi
477:Open
440:Back
239:and
1560:Wik
811:E86
683:Mil
462:Mid
269:E86
265:E23
261:E86
257:E23
253:E66
249:E86
245:E86
193:ELP
184:E23
178:E86
147:yxg
3391::
1323:.
1319:.
1288:.
1262:.
1254:.
1250:.
1217:.
920:.
916:.
890:.
886:.
830:.
801:^
691:/
675:/
647:/
643:/
627:/
617:/
535:/
483:a
471:o
466:e
456:u
451:i
406:j
403:w
393:l
377:r
361:n
358:ɲ
355:ŋ
352:m
342:d
339:ɟ
336:ɡ
333:b
220:.
1450:e
1443:t
1436:v
1349:.
1304:.
1274:.
1072:.
1057:.
1032:.
1007:.
982:.
957:.
932:.
902:.
841:.
59:)
55:(
20:)
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