576:
204:
22:
333:
dead brother-in-law, Gordon
Hamilton, had provided samples for DNA testing, and that the results of these tests had been compared with the semen found in the bodies of the victims. He explained that the results obtained are what he would expect, if semen found in the victims had come from a brother of the surviving Hamiltons. Whitaker was the final witness in the Crown case.
50:, which would have prevented his retrial, Sinclair was retried in October 2014 and convicted of both murders on 14 November 2014. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 37 years, the longest sentence by a Scottish court, meaning he would have been 106 years old when he was eligible for a potential release on parole. He died at
376:
Murders, he pleaded guilty to 11 of 13 charges libelling various rapes and indecent assaults committed against young girls, and was sentenced to life imprisonment. In June 2001, still in prison, he went to trial and was given another life sentence for the murder of 17-year-old Mary
Gallacher on a footpath near the
384:
in
November 1978, thirteen months after the World's End Murders. The teenager had been dragged into bushes, sexually assaulted, had her throat cut and a ligature tied around her neck. Again Sinclair failed to accept any responsibility for the crime and denied all knowledge, despite being found guilty
332:
On 7 September 2007, another forensic scientist, Jonathan
Whitaker, gave evidence that semen matching swabs taken from Angus Sinclair was found mixed with cells with the same DNA profile as Helen Scott, on a coat belonging to Helen Scott. He also told the court how brothers and sisters of Sinclair's
283:
alleged that on the night of 15–16 October 1977, Sinclair and Gordon
Hamilton (Sinclair's brother-in-law who had since died) persuaded or forced the girls into a motor vehicle and held them against their will, in St Mary's Street, near The World's End pub. It was alleged that he then drove Christine
137:
programme, the incident team at
Lothian and Borders Police received a phone call from a man who claimed he was walking near Gosford Bay on the night of the murders, and that he saw a suspicious vehicle. He said it was a works van and it was being driven erratically. The man did not come forward with
103:
At the time, the media reported that several witnesses had told police they had seen Helen Scott and
Christine Eadie sitting near the public telephone in the bar, talking with two men. Neither of these men were traced or have presented themselves to police. Speculation that the killings had been the
412:
on the matter. The Lord
Advocate read a prepared statement to the chamber setting out the narrative of the Crown case and explaining her reasoning for deciding to prosecute. She is recorded in the official transcript of her address as saying that she was "disappointed" with the result, and that she
375:
Sinclair's first conviction occurred in 1961, at age 16, when he pleaded guilty and was convicted of the culpable homicide of eight-year-old
Catherine Reehill and served six years in prison. Sinclair sexually assaulted and strangled her in his family home. In 1982, five years after the World's End
284:
Eadie to
Gosford Bay, Aberlady, and there or elsewhere attacked, stripped and gagged her with her underwear, and tied her wrists, before raping her and then killing her by restricting her breathing. He was further accused of raping and murdering Scott in the same way and driving her to a road near
450:
stating that he believed Lord Hamilton had no grounds to accuse Elish Angiolini of threatening the independence of the judiciary. He is quoted as saying, "He's quite wrong. What he fails to see is that it is sometimes essential for a minister to comment upon a case. It happens all the time in
99:
conducted a high-profile criminal investigation, collating a list of over 500 suspects and taking over 13,000 statements from members of the public. Despite their efforts, they were unable to identify a culprit. The case commanded widespread attention in the Scottish media at the time, and a
71:
in 1961 when he was 16, and was given another life sentence in 2001 for the murder of 17-year-old Mary Gallacher on a footpath in Glasgow in 1978. He is believed to have also killed four other women between 1977 and 1978, all within a seven-month period of the murders of Eadie and Scott.
345:, that Sinclair had no case to answer in respect of the charges libelled, due to an insufficiency of evidence. In particular, he contended that the Crown had failed to lead evidence that Angus Sinclair had been involved in acting with force or violence against the girls, and that the
428:
on the case. In an open letter, Lord Hamilton wrote, "the plain implication from your statements is that you were publicly asserting that the decision of the trial judge was wrong" and explained that her actions could be seen to "undermine public confidence in the judiciary".
698:
examined soil samples taken in 1977 from Helen Scott's bare feet, which was pertinent to the evidence. On 14 November 2014, Sinclair was found guilty of the murders of Helen Scott and Christine Eadie on 15 October 1977. Following the conviction,
123:
technology since the murders occurred. This resulted in the isolation of a DNA profile of a male, found on both girls. The DNA of the original 500 suspects was analysed and compared to the new sample, but there was no match.
33:
is the colloquial name given to the murder of two girls, Christine Eadie, 17, and Helen Scott, 17, in Edinburgh, in October 1977. The case is so named because both victims were last seen alive leaving The World's End pub in
92:, by hill walkers. Scott's body was found unclothed six miles away from Eadie's, in a corn-stubble field. Both girls had been beaten, gagged, tied up, raped and strangled. No attempt had been made to conceal their bodies.
385:
by a majority verdict and faced with the reality that the chances of a DNA sample matching anyone other than Sinclair, were "a billion to one." Sinclair was only caught, for the 1978 murder, after a cold case review by
325:
caravanette at the time of the murders, that he had since destroyed. As a result, she confirmed that police were unable to carry out forensic tests on any of the fabrics or seat upholstery inside the vehicle.
329:
On 4 September 2007, a forensic scientist, Martin Fairley, gave evidence that semen obtained from a vaginal swab of Eadie, and semen obtained from a vaginal swab of Scott shared the same DNA profile.
299:
and one of incrimination, stating that any sexual activity between him and the two girls had been consensual, and that if they had come to any harm, the person responsible was Gordon Hamilton.
1497:
413:"was of the clear opinion that the evidence that was made available to the court was sufficient to put before the jury to allow it the opportunity to decide on the case against Sinclair".
703:
sentenced Sinclair to life imprisonment with a minimum term of 37 years. This means he would have been 106 years old before being considered for parole. He died in prison in March 2019.
396:
News of the verdict drew widespread comment and criticism in the Scottish press. Such was the level of public and media interest in the outcome of the case, on 13 September 2007 the
536:(before a judge and jury). Amongst other things, it provides a mechanism for Crown appeals against rulings on no case to answer submissions. On 28 March 2011, sections 73–76 of the
663:
Three judges set aside eight days of court time in October 2013 to hear a bid from prosecutors pressing for Sinclair to stand trial for the second time. On 15 April 2014,
364:
Following the conclusion of the trial it was revealed that Angus Sinclair was already a convicted murderer and serial sex offender, and was serving two life sentences at
466:
programme, stating that "The real issue here is whether a decision of the magnitude that Lord Clarke had to take should always be taken by a single judge".
653:
660:
to re-open the investigation into the murders of Christine Eadie and Helen Scott, following the introduction of the Double Jeopardy (Scotland) Act 2011.
1771:
1501:
474:
The furore surrounding the outcome of the case led to a far-reaching and systematic review of Scottish criminal procedure. On 20 November 2007, the
953:
975:
1065:
368:
when his case was brought forward in the World's End Murders. It was also revealed that Sinclair had previously completed a prison sentence for
183:, charged with the murder and rape of the two girls in October 1977. He made no plea or declaration at this time and was remanded in custody.
1776:
104:
work of two men was heightened when it was revealed that the knots used to tie the girls' hands behind their backs were of different types.
397:
1781:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1290:
1024:
823:
1134:
649:
736:, another infamous Edinburgh murder, in 1983, which has similarly been described as one of Scotland's most notorious unsolved murders
727:
532:, sections 73–76 of the act makes provisions for Crown rights of appeal against certain decisions taken by a trial judge sitting in
142:
broadcast in 2003, police had received 130 calls from witnesses who had not previously made themselves known to the investigation.
1087:
1746:
421:
341:
On the afternoon of 7 September 2007, senior counsel for the defence, Edgar Prais, QC, made a submission under section 97 of the
555:. The act makes various provisions for circumstances when a person convicted or acquitted of an offence can be prosecuted anew.
432:
In the following weeks several eminent former Scottish judges became involved in the debate. On 28 September 2007, former
552:
322:
1454:
1440:
679:
483:
437:
1516:
1344:
80:
On the night of 15 October 1977, Christine Eadie and Helen Scott, both seventeen, were seen leaving The World's End
1418:
1042:
537:
525:
356:
upheld the defence submission of no case to answer, and formally acquitted Sinclair before putting it to the jury.
349:
had not led evidence to prove that any sexual encounter between the panel and the girls had not been consensual.
433:
145:
On 15 October 2003, it was reported in the press that Lothian and Borders Police had enlisted the help of the
1751:
475:
455:
119:'s cold case unit instructed further forensic work to be undertaken in the case, reflecting improvements in
1766:
1756:
1721:
1711:
700:
687:
640:
291:
Sinclair pleaded not guilty to rape and murder. At the commencement of the trial date Sinclair lodged two
1741:
1736:
1731:
353:
265:
247:
342:
169:
722:
657:
175:
On 31 March 2005, Sinclair was arrested and charged by Lothian and Borders Police. On 1 April 2005, he
116:
96:
1641:
1589:
1563:
575:
203:
1726:
1716:
1701:
1691:
1392:
1366:
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1237:
1211:
1185:
1159:
1108:
854:
733:
1615:
881:
799:
781:
755:
306:
of nine women and six men began hearing evidence on 28 August 2007. No eyewitness evidence was led;
1668:
997:
675:
671:
586:
377:
285:
261:
214:
146:
424:, took the unprecedented move of publicly criticising the Lord Advocate's decision to address the
346:
314:
269:
138:
this information during the initial investigation. It was revealed that immediately following the
900:
529:
502:
498:
491:
180:
107:
In May 1978, Lothian and Borders Police announced that they were scaling down the investigation.
543:
On 22 March 2011, in direct response to the Scottish Law Commission's findings on the issue of
510:
1549:
927:
46:, was acquitted in 2007 in controversial circumstances. Following the amendment of the law of
1393:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Judge in second opinion case hint"
1264:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Judge throws out World's End case"
1160:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Murder accused's car was scrapped"
514:
154:
1367:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Top judge enters World's End row"
1238:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Lack of evidence at trial blamed"
1212:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | Coat stain DNA suggests sex link"
855:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | A life of abuse, rape and murder"
1761:
1345:"Lord Advocate's Statement to Parliament | Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service"
1186:"UK | Scotland | Edinburgh, East and Fife | World's End murder trial begins"
712:
446:
417:
56:
21:
100:
photo-booth picture of the two girls was used by police in their appeals for information.
8:
548:
521:
425:
409:
318:
51:
39:
88:, at closing time. The following day, Eadie's naked body was discovered in Gosford Bay,
1537:
533:
386:
273:
1482:
1468:
998:"UK | Scotland | Glasgow and West | Timeline: The World's End murders"
369:
64:
501:
published its first report, on the issue of Crown appeals. On 2 December 2008, the
730:, UK unsolved 1980 case which has led to calls for further 'double jeopardy' reform
365:
63:
In addition to the murders of Eadie and Scott, Sinclair also pleaded guilty to the
1318:
153:
sample belonged to. The unknown sample partially matched over 200 profiles in the
1295:
544:
506:
479:
405:
292:
288:, and in a field there or elsewhere in Edinburgh and East Lothian attacking her.
47:
441:
352:
On 10 September 2007, following legal arguments on the matter, the trial judge
719:, a 2021 book alleging links between Sinclair and a number of unsolved murders
1680:
683:
401:
120:
54:
aged 73 on 11 March 2019. Coincidentally, he died on the same day the BBC's
1521:
695:
691:
459:
89:
1088:"Appeal Against Sentence by Angus Sinclair Against Her Majesty's Advocate"
667:
was granted permission to bring a new prosecution against Angus Sinclair.
1498:"'World's End' Murders Reinvestigated under Double Jeopardy Legislation"
954:"We'll Get You This Time; Double Jeopardy Trial For Sex Killer Sinclair"
1646:
280:
260:
On 27 August 2007, the trial of Angus Sinclair began in Court 3 at the
133:
85:
723:
Murders of Carol Lannen and Elizabeth McCabe (Templeton Woods murders)
149:(FSS) to try to determine the identity of the person whom the unknown
127:
On 8 October 2003, following the broadcast of a reconstruction on the
1616:"World's End murders: Possible DNA match between accused and victims"
664:
509:. The commission published its final report, on the admissibility of
307:
172:
in connection with the murders. Mouth swabs were taken for analysis.
165:
35:
176:
381:
296:
168:
at the time of the murders, was detained under section 14 of the
68:
928:"Trial of World's End murders suspect collapses | UK news"
901:"26 years on, police close in on girls' killer | UK news"
690:. At one stage the jury visited the scene of the murders in
1642:"Serial killer Angus Sinclair guilty of World's End murders"
303:
1066:"World's End murders accused set for retrial – Edinburgh"
1025:"Study of Scots police files reveals 77 unsolved murders"
756:"World's End murders: Angus Sinclair jailed for 37 years"
393:
evidence not uncovered during the initial investigation.
390:
150:
128:
81:
42:. The only person to stand trial accused of the murders,
1564:"World's End murders: Angus Sinclair could face retrial"
25:
The World's End pub, from which the case gets its name
67:
of his eight-year-old neighbour Catherine Reehill in
1590:"World's End murders: Man on trial over 1977 deaths"
1469:"Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010"
1517:"World's End Murders: Trial bid for Angus Sinclair"
1291:"Child killer gets life for 1978 death of teenager"
976:"So who is to blame for World's End trial fiasco…?"
824:"Child killer gets life for 1978 death of teenager"
717:
Gone Fishing: The Unsolved Crimes of Angus Sinclair
454:Another retired Senator of the College of Justice,
321:Carol Craig, who noted that Angus Sinclair owned a
597:Her Majesty's Advocate v Angus Robertson Sinclair
538:Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010
526:Criminal Justice and Licensing (Scotland) Act 2010
225:Her Majesty's Advocate v Angus Robertson Sinclair
164:(7 June 1945 – 11 March 2019), a man who lived in
1455:"Scottish Law Commission :: Double jeopardy"
1154:
1152:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
817:
815:
813:
1678:
558:
186:
1441:"Scottish Law Commission :: Crown appeals"
925:
528:. Following on from the recommendations of the
336:
1495:
1419:"Double Jeopardy – 2010 Consultation exercise"
1149:
1094:
810:
670:The trial commenced on 13 October 2014 at the
1043:"100 calls after World's End Crimewatch show"
505:published its second report, on the issue of
272:Alan Mackay, and the defence by Edgar Prais,
1514:
1063:
898:
416:In response, on 26 September 2007, the then
398:Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament
400:took the unusual step of allowing the then
574:
202:
1772:October 1977 events in the United Kingdom
1288:
821:
800:"World's End serial killer Sinclair dies"
728:Murders of John Greenwood and Gary Miller
652:issued a press statement saying that the
486:, referred several issues arising out of
1022:
20:
694:. Forensic soil specialist, professor
1679:
1135:"Man charged with World's End murders"
343:Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995
264:in Edinburgh. The presiding judge was
170:Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995
1483:"Double Jeopardy (Scotland) Act 2011"
926:Severin Carrell (24 September 2007).
849:
847:
845:
469:
16:Crime in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1977
1777:Serial murders in the United Kingdom
879:
779:
753:
1319:"'Scotland's secret serial killer'"
782:"Serial killer jailed for 37 years"
627:Double Jeopardy (Scotland) Act 2011
553:Double Jeopardy (Scotland) Act 2011
110:
13:
1782:Violence against women in Scotland
1707:1978 murders in the United Kingdom
1697:1977 murders in the United Kingdom
1687:1961 murders in the United Kingdom
1109:"World's End murder case DNA link"
842:
517:in criminal trials, in late 2012.
14:
1793:
1045:. Scotsman.com. 25 September 2003
978:. Scotsman.com. 13 September 2007
882:"Scotland's worst serial killer?"
438:Senator of the College of Justice
1496:Andy Macdonald (14 March 2012).
1289:Womersley, Tara (14 June 2001).
899:Kirsty Scott (15 October 2003).
822:Womersley, Tara (14 June 2001).
780:Cook, James (14 November 2014).
754:Cook, James (14 November 2014).
310:case was wholly circumstantial.
84:, located at High Street on the
60:programme profiled the murders.
1662:
1634:
1608:
1582:
1556:
1508:
1500:(Press release). Archived from
1489:
1475:
1461:
1447:
1433:
1411:
1385:
1359:
1337:
1311:
1282:
1256:
1230:
1204:
1178:
1127:
1080:
1057:
1035:
1016:
990:
968:
880:Daly, Mark (14 November 2014).
1747:High Court of Justiciary cases
1064:Rose, Gareth (15 March 2012).
946:
919:
892:
873:
792:
773:
747:
1:
740:
619:HM Advocate v Sinclair (2007)
569:HM Advocate v Sinclair (2014)
476:Cabinet Secretary for Justice
389:revealed the presence of new
268:. The prosecution was led by
197:HM Advocate v Sinclair (2007)
75:
1515:The Newsroom (14 May 2013).
1137:. Scotsman.com. 1 April 2005
359:
337:No case to answer submission
7:
706:
10:
1798:
658:Lothian and Borders Police
117:Lothian and Borders Police
97:Lothian and Borders Police
734:Murder of Sheila Anderson
636:
631:
623:
615:
610:
602:
592:
582:
573:
568:
313:On 3 September 2007, the
243:
238:
230:
220:
210:
201:
196:
676:Livingston, West Lothian
672:High Court of Justiciary
587:High Court of Justiciary
378:Barnhill railway station
262:High Court of Justiciary
255:
215:High Court of Justiciary
162:Angus Robertson Sinclair
147:Forensic Science Service
44:Angus Robertson Sinclair
530:Scottish Law Commission
499:Scottish Law Commission
492:Scottish Law Commission
458:, gave an interview on
444:, gave an interview to
181:Edinburgh Sheriff Court
1029:The Caledonian Mercury
678:. The prosecutor was
648:On 14 March 2012, the
560:HM Advocate v Sinclair
188:HM Advocate v Sinclair
26:
520:On 30 June 2010, the
515:similar fact evidence
497:On 31 July 2008, the
160:On 25 November 2004,
155:National DNA Database
24:
1752:History of Edinburgh
1669:sentencing statement
956:. Thefreelibrary.com
713:Chris Clark (writer)
686:, and the judge was
418:Lord Justice General
177:appeared on petition
1767:October 1977 events
1757:Murder in Edinburgh
1722:2014 in British law
1712:2007 in British law
1399:. 16 September 2007
1373:. 27 September 2007
1270:. 10 September 2007
1244:. 10 September 2007
1004:. 10 September 2007
861:. 10 September 2007
549:Scottish Parliament
522:Scottish Parliament
494:for investigation.
426:Scottish Parliament
410:Scottish Parliament
319:Detective Constable
57:Crimewatch Roadshow
52:HM Prison Glenochil
31:World's End Murders
1742:2010s in Edinburgh
1737:1970s in Edinburgh
1732:1960s in Edinburgh
1650:. 14 November 2014
1548:has generic name (
1325:. 10 December 2009
1218:. 7 September 2007
1166:. 3 September 2007
1115:. 4 September 2007
534:solemn proceedings
470:Legal consequences
387:Strathclyde Police
317:led evidence from
27:
1622:. 22 October 2014
1596:. 13 October 2014
1421:. Scotland.gov.uk
654:Procurator Fiscal
646:
645:
540:came into force.
434:Solicitor General
408:, to address the
370:culpable homicide
253:
252:
234:10 September 2007
65:culpable homicide
1789:
1727:2014 in Scotland
1717:2007 in Scotland
1702:1978 in Scotland
1692:1977 in Scotland
1671:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
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1612:
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1560:
1554:
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1533:
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1529:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1504:on 8 April 2012.
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1199:
1197:
1192:. 27 August 2007
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870:
868:
866:
851:
840:
839:
837:
835:
819:
808:
807:
806:. 11 March 2019.
796:
790:
789:
777:
771:
770:
768:
766:
751:
680:Frank Mulholland
632:Court membership
606:14 November 2014
578:
566:
565:
293:special defences
239:Court membership
206:
194:
193:
179:, in private at
111:Cold case review
1797:
1796:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1786:
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1676:
1675:
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1623:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1570:. 15 April 2014
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1535:
1534:
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1525:
1513:
1509:
1494:
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1343:
1342:
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1328:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1296:Daily Telegraph
1287:
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831:
828:Daily Telegraph
820:
811:
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752:
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